IOM NIGERIA / MAIDUGURI SUB-OFFICE IOM NIGERIA EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT

BACKGROUND

Since 2015, north-east Nigeria has been confronted by a protracted humanitarian emergency characterized by armed conflict, forced displacement and grave violations of civilians’ human rights and dignity. This situation continued to deteriorate due to resurgent violence, substantially reversing the humanitarian gains of previous years. In addition to other structural factors, conflict is deteriorating the livelihoods of the population, increasing food insecurity and poverty, worsening lack of access to development opportunities, and limiting access to essential services. In 2019, out of the total population of 13.4 million people living across Borno, Adamawa and Yobe States, 7.1 million people were estimated to require humanitarian assistance (Humanitarian Needs Overview, 2019). Additionally, nearly 1.8 million people remain internally displaced and, from those in need (7.1 million), an estimated 80 per cent are women and children (USAID, Lake Chad Basin - complex emergency, 2020). © IOM 2019/Mshelia Yakubu IOM EMERGENCY RESPONSE OPERATIONS

By working closely with the Government of Nigeria and other humanitarian partners, IOM has been providing direct lifesaving humanitarian assistance through the provision of Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI), Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM), Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), Livelihood Assistance and Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS). Additionally, through the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), IOM collects real-time information on the location and the composition of crisis-affected populations, placing the DTM as the key tool and leading source of data for thorough emergency response. IOM is also responsible for managing 9 humanitarian hubs on behalf of partners responding to the crisis.

SITUATION IN 2019

The rise of insecurity and hostilities, mainly across Borno State, continued to represent severe challenges to delivering humanitarian assistance, with an operating environment of high volatility and risk.

• Attacks targeting humanitarian workers notably increased compared to last year. In 2019, 12 aid workers were killed in attacks by Non-State Armed Groups (NSAG) which also claimed the lives of civilians. This number is twice more than in 2018. Moreover, the increasing trend of setting up illegal vehicle checkpoints by NSAGs is restricting civilian movements, hindering the delivery of life-saving interventions and heightening the risk of abductions.

• Major displacement was recorded in Rann (Borno State) where attacks led to damages of the humanitarian hub and displacement of over two-thirds of the population. Other largely affected areas included the town of Baga (Kukawa Local Government Area (LGA)) where most individuals were relocated to Maiduguri and Monguno LGAs, and Sabon Gari (Damboa LGA) where more than 9,000 individuals were relocated to Damboa town due to military operations.

• Congestion of IDP camps continued to be a significant concern across Borno State. The large influx of new arrivals recorded in Maiduguri and Monguno LGAs, led to the establishment of a new IDP camp at Mohammed Goni International Stadium in Maiduguri and the extension of the Waterboard camp in Monguno with the support of the Borno State Government.

• Heavy rains and subsequent flooding in Rann and across 7 LGAs in Adamawa State, destroyed homes, community infrastructure, means of livelihood and access routes for humanitarian assistance. This situation has left entire communities with little or no access to food and other basic services. Additionally, fire outbreaks were registered across various camps in Borno State. Some locations greatly affected included Kuya, Gajiram and Gajiganna.

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 1 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX (DTM)

The identification of trends and patterns of human mobility is essential for the provision of humanitarian assistance in emergency contexts. Through the DTM, IOM collects information on the location and composition of the affected population, enabling the identification of individuals’ characteristics and needs. This is achieved through assessments of rapid onset displacement, registration and profiling of displaced populations in camp and camp-like settings, flow monitoring exercises and reports. Information on areas of return is also collected through the DTM village assessment surveys. DTM reports and tools can be found here: https://displacement.iom.int/nigeria.

52 weekly Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) reports published 464,657 beneficiaries re-verified

111,568 new beneficiaries biometrically 15 flash reports on sudden displacements registered published

EMERGENCY TRACKING TOOL

In 2019, the Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) continued to collect disaggregated displacement information on a daily basis in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States. The Rapid Response Mechanism (RRM) used the data collected to ensure that the needs of women, men, boys, girls and all persons with specific needs are taken into consideration.

DTM MOBILITY TRACKING

Information collected through the DTM mobility tracking allows a better understanding of the movements and evolving needs of displaced populations. In 2019, 2,781,533 individuals across north-east, north-west and north-central Nigeria were assessed in mobility tracking in partnership with the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), the State Emergency Management Agency (SEMA), the National Red Cross Society (NRCS) and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). Registration of new arrivals from Guzamala © IOM 2019 BIOMETRIC REGISTRATION

Profiling and targeting of IDPs have been strengthened as a result of biometric registration in camps, camp-like settings and host communities in Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe states. This includes biometric verification updates on births, deaths, vulnerabilities and movements. In 2019, over 111,568 individuals (50,170 households) were registered and an estimated 464,657 individuals (120,822 households) were re-verified. Support on the authentication process was also provided to partners to identify duplications on-site and create distribution reports.

FLASH REPORTS

During 2019, 15 flash reports have been produced and released. These reports collect information on the number of people displaced, type of movement, key dates and individuals’ needs on areas facing large displacement, relocation and newly accessible areas for the humanitarian community.

NORTH-CENTRAL AND NORTH-WEST ZONES DISPLACEMENT ASSESSMENT

In 2019, two displacement assessment reports were released on the numbers, living conditions and needs of displaced populations in various locations across north-central and north-west zones. The data was collected directly from displaced populations (internally displaced, out-of-camp refugees and returnees) in 630 wards located in 150 LGAs.

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 2 STABILITY INDEX

Through the IOM Stability Index, return assessments were conducted in 34 LGAs in Adamawa (294 locations), Borno (148) and Yobe (78). This approach uses a variety of indexed measures to monitor stability in return areas, including data on the access to healthcare, education, protection mechanisms, livelihoods, and water and sanitation. Findings are shared with Government authorities and partners, enabling them to develop strategies, and plan resources and operations that link humanitarian, recovery and stabilization components in areas of high return.

TRAINING FOR IOM STAFF AND GOVERNMENT PARTNER STAFF

In 2019, 245 individuals benefitted from capacity building activities on ETT data collection, mobility tracking, biometric registration and Stability Index surveys. Among others, topics included data collection, sampling and observation techniques and GPS use in accordance with global standards and data protection principles. Protection considerations were emphasized including the referral pathway and identification of most vulnerable cases requiring immediate support.

IDP population by LGA (figures as of December 2019) © IOM 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 3 HUMANITARIAN HUBS

IOM is mandated by the Humanitarian Country Team to be the hub management agency on behalf of other humanitarian partners. Through humanitarian hubs, IOM seeks to help improve the access of aid workers to the affected population by offering safe and secure accommodation, various facilities and office spaces to partner organizations. The field hubs also host the internet connectivity service of the Emergency Telecommunications Sector (ETS) for humanitarian workers.

9 humanitarian hubs established and currently 150-bed capacity base camp in Maiduguri and operated by IOM across 8 locations 15 bed-capacity field hubs across 7 locations

192 humanitarian workers accommodated on a 84-bed capacity field hub extension in Banki daily average (86% increase compared to 2018) for humanitarian workers

In 2019, in addition to the base humanitarian hub in Maiduguri, IOM continued the management and operation of seven field hubs in Gwoza, Bama, Ngala, Dikwa, Monguno, Banki and Damasak. Through the hubs, IOM facilitated the accommodation of 162 actors, hosted 723 training and meetings for 51 humanitarian organisations and provided office spaces for 12 organisations. Partners benefitted included donors, Government representatives and other humanitarian actors.

As part of the efforts towards improving the living conditions of humanitarian workers, IOM completed an extension of the humanitarian hub in Banki, accommodating a daily average of 40 humanitarian workers previously collocated at military barracks. In Monguno, Banki (main hub) and Damasak, facilities were also improved by replacing tents with concrete structures.

HUB EXTENSION IN BANKI

The hub extension, which started operating in June 2019, greatly benefited the general well-being of humanitarian workers. “The hub provides facilities that suit my needs. Ever since we moved into the hub extension, it is like a new world,” Fatima, one of the residents, reported. Another resident, Kingsley, reported that “the hub created an amazing environment for all humanitarians in Banki” while Majebo indicated that “the hub gives us the kind of unity (needed) among all the partners here in Banki. It is a second home to us.” Humanitarian hub © IOM 2019

Cholera awareness training © IOM 2019 Banki main hub and extension hubs © IOM 2019 NFI/Shelter Sector meeting © IOM 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 4 CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT (CCCM)

Through CCCM interventions, IOM coordinates the temporary assistance and protection activities provided to displaced persons living in camps or camp-like settings. By supporting the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) and the Borno State Emergency Management Agency (SEMA), IOM’s key role involve the coordination and monitoring of assistance delivered, collection of multi-sector data, set-up of governance and community participation structures and maintenance of physical infrastructures. Additionally, through the establishment of Complaint and Feedback Mechanisms (CFM), IOM contributes to a timely identification of gaps and needs.

88 site facilitators deployed in 113 sites 18 CCCM training sessions for 456 partners (Borno State) and 21 sites (Adamawa State) and stakeholders

Coordinated the establishment of Stadium Operation and maintenance of five Recep- camp in a record period of two months tion Centres, benefitting 15,877 new arrivals

12 audio recorders installed, promoting more 75 solar lighting installed in 8 sites benefiting inclusive and anonymised CFM 68,685 IDPs and 4,000 solar lamps distribut- ed to most vulnerable households

NEW ARRIVALS

In response to the large influx of new arrivals to Maiduguri in early January, IOM, in collaboration with SEMA and other partners, successfully relocated 1,767 households (8,121 individuals) from Teachers Village to the newly set-up Mohammed Goni International Stadium camp. In addition, 5,769 newly arrived households (15,877 individuals) were assisted in Reception Centers throughout Banki, Bama, Dikwa, Pulka, Konduga and Gwoza.

As part of the Shelter and CCCM joint interventions, a new Reception Centre was successfully constructed and pre-existing buildings were rehabilitated to accommodate 600 households in Bama while 388 individuals were referred to other partners for a variety of specialized services.

SITE MANAGEMENT SUPPORT

Various types of assistance were provided to improve facilities and infrastructure severely damaged during the rainy season. Materials distributed allowed IDP camp committees and IOM to repair Shelter and WASH facilities. Likewise, Cash for Work (CfW) mechanisms were used for some of the interventions requiring heavy manual work, benefitting 1,311 IDPs directly.

In Ngala and Kaga LGAs (Borno State), locally- driven initiatives led to the construction and rehabilitation of footbridges and drainage systems and to the deployment of water pumps to control flooding. This resulted in improved drainage prevention in areas where conducting Local drainage construction at Stadium camp, Maiduguri © IOM 2019 flooding mitigation works was not feasible.

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 5 ACCOUNTABILITY TO AFFECTED POPULATIONS

By operating 126 complaints desks and 140 suggestion boxes, IOM manages the complaints and feedback received by affected populations on a bi-weekly basis. When relevant, IOM shares information with respective partners and sector working groups to better address cases that require their attention.

IOM facilitated community meetings and training including on the use of 12 audio recorders installed in different camps. Through the audio recorders, IOM captures feedback in a wider range of local languages, tackling, at the same time, barriers such as low literacy levels mainly among women.

The feedback recorded is transcribed into the original language and then translated into English thanks to an ongoing partnership with Translators Without Borders (TWB). Through this partnership, IOM intends to facilitate more effective communication and delivery of services using terminology that is clear, unambiguous, and less stigmatizing. In 2019, nearly 1,034 complaints were recorded and translated, contributing to addressing language barriers and address beneficiaries’ needs.

COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION

To ensure that the affected population takes ownership of the programmes implemented, IOM encourages the community to widely participate in activities such as maintaining the infrastructure installed or to establish community-led governance structures. This is achieved through the facilitation of site management and coordination meetings aimed at ensuring joint planning and programming among partners and local stakeholders. In 2019, 4,484 camp sector committee meetings were held resulting in strengthened coordination among stakeholders.

FOSTERING WOMEN PARTICIPATION

IOM piloted the first “Women Participation Project” in Gubio IDP camp to identify how governance structures could contribute to reducing risks of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) and promoting inclusive participation of women in decision- making. Through this project, 55 women were provided with livelihood kits while 2,000 were provided with sanitary kits. As a result of this project and the consultations with the community, participatory governance structures for women and girls were established and community sensitization sessions were conducted on the inclusion of persons with disabilities. Governance structures for women and girls © IOM 2019/Miller Jeremiah

CAPACITY BUILDING

In support of the CCCM and Shelter/NFI Sectors, IOM trained 129 national authorities resulting in improved capacities and increased participation of government personnel in CCCM interventions. Additionally, the first Training of Trainers (ToT) sessions were organised in Benue and Borno States targeting 51 site managers, partners and community leaders.

ToT conducted for government counterparts and local NGOs in Maiduguri © IOM 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 6 SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS (NFI)

The provision of Shelter and NFI assistance is a critical, life-saving intervention that provides the affected population with protection from weather elements, health risks and other hazards that could increase their vulnerabilities. Through Shelter and NFI interventions, mainly across affected zones in Borno, Adamawa, Kogi and Anambra states, IOM aims to improve the living conditions of the populations while they are displaced or while they return or relocate to areas to recover from the crises.

21,591 households (102,922 individuals) 556 flooded-affected households benefitted assisted with NFI from solar lamps tackling, at the same time, pro- tection issues 200 households (963 individuals) benefitted 1,800 households (9,900 individuals) received from mosquito nets commodity vouchers for NFI

52,108 households (286,594 individuals) 5,800 households (31,900 individuals) benefitted assisted with different types of shelter from the construction of emergency shelters solutions

2,900 households (15,950 individuals) re- ceived shelter repair assistance through in 131 communal shelters constructed -kind, cash and commodity vouchers

4 host community infrastructures 85 abandoned buildings rehabilitated and rehabilitated partitioned to accommodate new arrivals

NFI/SHELTER EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Following a NSAG attack in Baga town (Kukawa LGA, Borno State) in early January, a major influx of IDPs was recorded in various camps in Maiduguri and Monguno, namely in Teachers Village and Gumbio camps.

In Maiduguri (MMC LGA, Borno State), where most new arrivals were recorded, IOM provided 1,400 households with blankets, sleeping mats and NFI improved kits in Teachers Village and Gumbio camps. In coordination with the Shelter/NFI and CCCM Sectors, IOM initiated the construction of emergency shelters and partitioned communal shelters (Teachers Village Camp) and provided emergency shelters for 2,200 families in the newly set up Stadium camp.

In Rann (Kala Balge LGA, Borno State), several constructed and Communal shelters for new arrivals, Gubio camp © IOM 2019 makeshift shelters were severely damaged during an attack by NSAG. IDPs fled to Ngala and Cameroon and upon their return IOM distributed 500 emergency shelter kits and 500 NFI kits through an implementing partner.

In Monguno (Monguno LGA, Borno State), IOM constructed 500 emergency shelters as an extension to Kuya camp and distributed 500 NFI kits. Additionally, IOM’s advocacy efforts, led to land allocation to construct 1,000 emergency shelters for new arrivals, decongesting Monguno’s camp. IOM also prepositioned 740 NFIs and reconstructed shelters for 475 families, by engaging community carpenters, after a major fire outbreak in Stadium camp (Monguno) Yaka Modu after receiving plastic sheets and ropes, Muna Garage © IOM 2019 had affected 1,370 households.

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 7 Pulka town (Gwoza LGA, Borno State) continued to receive new arrivals and had one of the most highly congested reception centres in Borno. By engaging community carpenters and providing emergency shelter kits, IOM constructed 500 shelters for most vulnerable households. Additionally, 500 returnee families were provided with shelter repair kits and N30,000 to buy additional materials and hire local labour to support the rehabilitation works. This promoted community engagement and boosted the local labour market.

In Sabon Gari (Damboa LGA, Borno State), military operations led to major displacements to Damboa town, leaving over 2,000 households with no access to NFI and shelter solutions. Between IOM and the Red Cross, the NFI needs of the population were satisfactorily addressed. IOM further supported the sector in planning for a new camp with all essential facilities and constructed 1,000 emergency shelters and set up a reception centre. IOM also focused on out-of-camp situations and areas of return:

In Adamawa State, 150 households in Hong LGA and 150 households in Gombe LGA received shelter repair kits and cash grants to rehabilitate damaged houses. In addition, most of the 300 households in Gwoza that received shelter repair kits and cash grants, have finished rehabilitating their houses.

In the states of Kogi and Anambra, largely affected by flood by Mudbrick prototype, Stadium Camp, Maiduguri © IOM 2019 the end of the year, IOM assisted 1,800 affected households Five prototype shelters were constructed in Stadium camp for with commodity vouchers for shelter repair materials as well innovative, durable and transitional shelter solutions. They as NFI. In Yola (Adamawa State), IOM also provided 500 flood- provide long-lasting alternative designs which are more affected households (5,120 individuals) with basic NFI kits and resistant to fire and wind and adapted to the cultural context. 981 households (6,178 individuals) with improved NFI kits. The design using mudbrick walls, accepted by all partners, will be piloted at a larger scale in 2020.

Hauwa Buba (Gwoza, Borno State) is a 60 year-old widow living with her five grandchildren. She lost her house and means of livelihood due to ongoing conflict and had no shelter to stay. Nonetheless, her neighbors assisted her to build a temporary corrugated zinc house in her compound. IOM intervened with shelter repair kits and granted her 30,000 naira (USD 82) to support her in rehabilitating two rooms for her family. Hauwa indicates, “my grandchildren and I are so happy about the improvement in our shelter. This is different from what we used to have. We never imagined that anyone can give us such a

Hauwa Buba’s house after rehabilitation, Gwoza © IOM 2019 huge assistance at this time. Thanks once more, IOM.”

Focus group discussion with women’s group on shelter and site A family stands in front of their rehabilitated house, Hong © IOM Emergency shelters constructed in Teachers Village camp © IOM planning, Gwoza © IOM 2019 2019 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 8 WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH)

Displaced populations and host communities in north-east Nigeria face challenges associated with limited access to safe and adequate water, hygiene and sanitation services. To alleviate this situation, IOM provides various services contributing, at the same time, to the achievement of longer-term outcomes such as reductions in the rates of waterborne diseases. Initiatives include maintenance and rehabilitation of boreholes; construction and maintenance of sanitation facilities (latrines, showers, and handwashing stations), hygiene promotion and establishment of community-based committees.

176,700 people assisted with WASH 100,700 people assisted with sanitation interventions

76,000 people assisted with water supply 176,700 people assisted with hygiene promotion, including on cholera response

In 2019, IOM implemented WASH interventions in 65 sites across 12 LGAs in Borno and Adamawa States. Some of the activities undertaken included the construction of 350 latrines, 166 shower facilities and daily solid waste management for 13 sites. Additionally, 22,000 people affected by cholera outbreak and flood benefitted from WASH NFI kits.

COMMUNITY-BASED INTERVENTION STRATEGY

A community-based strategy was initiated in 2018 to promote the establishment of WASH committees responsible for the daily care and maintenance of facilities. During 2019, the community took ownership of this approach, as shown by the timely repair of facilities and the development of skills on carpentry, mason and water reparation works. This strategy led to the creation of 57 committees and to an increase in coverage from 54 to 65 sites by the end of 2019.

RATIONALIZATION STRATEGY

To improve the coordination and efficiency of WASH interventions, the WASH Sector and the Strategic Advisory Group promoted discussions with national and international partners to rationalize the number of actors implementing WASH services. This agreement intends to avoid duplication of efforts when a full WASH package could cover existing needs. IOM will take the lead for the implementation, roll-out and oversight of the strategy. Implementation will start in 2020 for Ngala, Damboa and Dikwa LGAs (Borno State) and is expected to expand further before June 2020.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE (KAP) SURVEY

IOM conducted a KAP survey to provide benchmark values for WASH interventions and inform future planning. Results obtained during 2019 will facilitate monitoring and identification of achievements. Results pointed to the lack of alternatives for laundry spaces, irregular quantity and quality of water and lack of access to hygiene items (including menstrual hygiene management kits) as major challenges, mainly among women and girls.

SOLAR-POWERED BOREHOLES

To promote environmentally sustainable interventions, while contributing to building resilience to climatic challenges, all IOM boreholes are solar-powered. This enables the water system to continuously supply water when access to the sites is not possible due to floods or security concerns. In 2019, 11 new boreholes were drilled, 10 existing boreholes were rehabilitated and upgraded to solar-powered boreholes, and 58 boreholes were maintained in Borno State. Solar-powered borehole in Gwoza © IOM 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 9 MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT

Through MHPSS services, IOM aims to bolster the well-being of crisis-affected populations, including in areas of voluntary return. By providing culturally appropriate services, which are also tailored to the age and gender of beneficiaries, IOM contributes to reducing psychosocial vulnerabilities and promoting community resilience and ownership. Services provided included informal education, such as languages and math, recreational activities, psychosocial support through lay counselling, GBV sensitization and referral of GBV cases, activities for small-scale conflict mediation, psychological first aid, and hygiene sensitization and awareness.

205,051 individuals assisted with MHPSS 204,252 individuals benefitted from services and activities in camps, camp-like psychosocial support settings and host communities

202 individuals benefitted from specialized 597 individuals benefitted from livelihood mental health services interventions

COLLABORATION WITH THE UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI

IOM, in partnership with the University of Maiduguri, developed curricula on counselling and conflict resolution for a sustained MHPSS response by humanitarian actors. These were developed in coordination with the Ministry of Health and the MHPSS Working Group partners, to ensure they reflect accurately the needs in the region. The curricula were finalized and validated by a group of PhD students, MHPSS selected actors, and members of the IOM MHPSS mobile teams. Roll-out of both curricula is foreseen during 2020.

DEPLOYMENT OF SPECIALIZED MOBILE REFERRAL TEAMS AND DEPLOYMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSES

IOM signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital in Maiduguri and the State Specialist Hospital in Yola, to refer identified individuals with mental health disorders to specialised mental health services. The MoU also enabled the deployment of six psychiatric nurses, on a monthly rotational basis, to newly accessible areas, namely Bama, Banki, Dikwa, Gwoza, Monguno, and Ngala.

Dije, ‘Mahaukaciya’ No More Fancy John and her tailoring machine After losing her two children during an attack by NSAG, After receiving a tailoring machine provided by IOM, Fancy, Dije started suffering from depression with recurring suicidal along with other women started offering services to the thoughts. The community and her family started calling her community, gaining confidence, resilience and enhancing “mahaukaciya” (the mentally challenged). She was even their sewing skills. A few years later, with the money Fancy marginalized in social events that could have otherwise help managed to save, she enrolled into Taraba State University, relieve her condition. IOM facilitated support group in Jalingo. Fancy greatly benefitted from this small-scale discussions for the family and the community and after three livelihood intervention to achieve her goal of attending weeks, they were more aware of mental health issues and university. She expressed gratitude for the support received started to care more about Dije. and indicated “IOM has indeed changed my life.”

Informal education session in Bama, Borno State © Jorge Galindo/ Livelihood support for MHPSS beneficiary, Adamawa State © Jorge Livelihood assistance for barbers, Borno State © IOM 2019 IOM 2019 Galindo/IOM 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 10 PROTECTION, GBV MITIGATION AND RESPONSE, COUNTER-TRAFFICKING

Mainstreaming protection, mitigating GBV and promoting Counter-Trafficking (CT) in crisis situations, are among IOM’s key activities to ensure that affected populations benefit from safe, dignified and equitable access to services. Following an integral approach, IOM contributes to improving the protection and living conditions of crisis-affected populations by strengthening law enforcement’s capacity to respond to GBV, Sexual Exploitation and Abuse and Trafficking in Persons (TiP).

Establishment of the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Task Force (ATIPTF) to improve stakeholders coordination and cooperation in north-east Nigeria.

Development and piloting of the TiP guidelines developed by the Global Protection Cluster and the Anti- Trafficking Task Team to 75 multi-sectoral partners to integrate TIP into existing protection mechanisms.

Strengthened integration of CT into the Protection Sector and sub sectors; GBV, Child Protection and CCCM sectors. Internal linkages were reinforced with other units such as NFI, Shelter and DTM.

Development of 3 training manuals on GBV, TiP and Community Mobilization. As a result, 20 law enforcement officers were trained as TOT who further supported with the training of 370 (227 males, 143 females) law enforcement personnel.

ASSISTANCE TO VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING

In collaboration with the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) and other actors, IOM identified 30 victims of internal trafficking and 2 victims of external trafficking. Most victims were identified within IDP camps. Cases included forced marriages to NSAG (main cause of exploitation), sexual exploitation, forced labour, domestic servitude and forced conversion to religion.

MAINSTREAMING PROTECTION WITHIN CAMPS

To strengthen the prevention, identification, and response to sexual and GBV (SGBV), sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA), and TiP, IOM trained 70 female officers prior to their deployment as ‘protection officers’ in IDP camps and host communities. Sensitization campaigns on gender equality, including on the legal implications of SGBV and TiP, were conducted and a workshop on the Gender-Based Violence in Crisis (GBViC) Framework was facilitated. The workshop was addressed to 22 IOM staff (7 females and 15 males) to increase understanding on how the Framework supports IOM in promoting good programming, dignity, well-being and equitable access to services. Additionally, the GBViC Action Plan was developed.

CAPACITY BUILDING AND AWARENESS RAISING

Training was conducted for 225 (85 females, 120 males) frontline humanitarian staff on basic concepts of TiP, victim identification, referral mechanisms and case management. The training benefitted immigration officials, UN agencies and Civil Society Organisations. Information sessions were conducted for 6,274 IDPs, targeting populations at-risk of trafficking, community leaders and police officers operating in camps and host communities. The sessions highlighted some of the schemes used by traffickers to recruit IDPs. To commemorate the World Day Against Trafficking in Persons, IOM organized an event that reached over 120 attendees. With the “Call your Government to Action” theme, IDPs participated in various artistic events, including drama performances.

FOSTERING LEADERS ENGAGEMENT AS KEY ACTORS TO COUNTER-TRAFFICKING

To increase awareness among community and religious leaders, IOM conducted 2 workshops aimed to increase knowledge on the basic concepts of TiP, including on the cultural practices such as forced marriage that may lead to trafficking. A total of 60 leaders from Yobe and Borno states attended the workshops and became more aware of how their role is fundamental to foster social inclusion and raise awareness.

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 11 EARLY RECOVERY AND LIVELIHOOD

Early Recovery programming addresses recovery needs that arise during an emergency, using humanitarian mechanisms that align with development principles. It enables to seize development opportunities, builds resilience, and establishes a sustainable process of recovery. By implementing income-generating activities across north-east Nigeria, IOM promotes self-reliance and improves the livelihood situation of crisis-affected populations. Some of the initiatives implemented by IOM include in-kind distribution, such as agricultural supplies and fuel-efficient stoves, and skills acquisition training, making these interventions highly dependent on seasonal yields, security dynamics, market opportunities and local capacity.

2,154 individuals benefitted from 1,134 individuals benefited from in-kind early recovery interventions distribution

120 individuals benefited from skills 900 individuals benefited from Cash for acquisition training (accompanied by small Work (CfW) business cash grants)

CASH-FOR-WORK INCENTIVES

CfW mechanisms continued to gain wide acceptance among communities and partners. CfW has been mostly used for rehabilitating infrastructures in host communities while promoting community engagement. In 2019, CfW was used to rehabilitate market infrastructures in targeted locations, achieving significant results such as increased economic activities and boosted markets. A total of 900 skilled and unskilled individuals from Ngala, Gwoza, Pulka, Banki, Malkohi and Daware areas were employed using CfW incentives to rehabilitate six community infrastructures including a dispensary, market shops and classrooms. Individuals received NGN 36,000 (approx. USD 100).

Adamu Tada, an indigene of Bokko (Gwoza LGA, Borno State), was one of the beneficiaries of a CfW project to rehabilitate the market in Pulka.

Married and with 13 children, Adamu is a carpenter and a farmer who had lost all his property and some family members during an attack on his community. He was engaged by IOM to rehabilitate the market using his carpentry skills and received NGN 36,000 (approx. USD 100). “Immediately I received the money, I quickly went to get food for my family. I also settled an outstanding school bill which was then overdue,” he said. “I wish to use this medium to appreciate IOM and Rehabilitated market, Pulka © IOM 2019 all the staff for their assistance”.

Rehabilitated market, Pulka © IOM 2019 Briquette production training © IOM 2019 Fuel-efficient stove distribution © IOM 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 12 VOCATIONAL SKILLS ACQUISITION AND BUSINESS START-UP CAPITAL

In 2019, in coordination with local authorities across Borno and Adamawa States, IOM identified vulnerable individuals who were willing to participate in vocational skills training. Topics offered ranged from tailoring and embroidery, carpentry, grinding, groundnut oil extraction to briquette production as an alternative to firewood and other charcoal.

Vocational skills training beneficiaries

Training topics Men Women

Briquette production in Gwoza, Pulka, MMC and Jere 24 16

Tailoring and embroidery, handicraft production, grinding, oil extraction in MMC and Jere 8 42

Tailoring and embroidery, carpentry and bakery in Daware and Malkohi 18 12

IN-KIND DISTRIBUTION

Agriculture is one of the common sources of income in the north-east of Nigeria. As part of the interventions for returnees and locally integrated people, areas favourable to agriculture in Adamawa State were identified to benefit from agricultural supplies. In addition, to reduce the risks encountered by affected populations in search of fuel and energy in Borno State, fuel-efficient stoves were distributed among vulnerable households.

Agricultural supplies distributed

Supplies distributed Men Women

Distribution of fuel-efficient stove 163 937

Agricultural supplies provided (maize, groundnut, sorghum, fertilizers, 26 8 insecticides, herbicides)

Hussaina’s Kobashayi

Hussaina, a breadwinner of a household of 12, arrived in Maiduguri in 2014 after her village in Ngala was attacked. In 2017, when security was restored, she returned home using the money from selling fabrics but once arrived she had nothing. She was trained by IOM in catering/pasta making and received 90,000 naira (USD 250) as a startup grant. She started her own business and added the famous kobashayi (local bread) to her menu. With the skills gained, Hussaina was able to optimize the production process and the product's quality. The bread is most popular in Ngala but is sold in neighboring Cameroon as well. She now earns 20,000 naira (USD 55) weekly and will soon make pasta for the humanitarian hub in Ngala. Hussaina with her cooking utensils she uses to make pasta © IOM 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 13 SECTOR COORDINATION

IOM co-leads the CCCM, Shelter and NFI humanitarian response in the States of Borno, Yobe and Adamawa. This is achieved through close collaboration with designated Government agencies and UNHCR, the sector co-lead. IOM’s key role involves providing strategic and technical guidance to sector partners and supporting the monitoring of standards in camps to humanitarian assistance. The sector contributes to providing timely assistance, identifying durable solutions, and strengthening national capacity, placing the sector as a key source of information for Government, partners and donors.

In 2019, through the sector partners, including UN agencies, INGOs and local NGOs, the Sector supported the following areas: The sector increased its site facilitation coverage 764,102 beneficiaries reached across 143 to include three local NGOs in MMC and Jere camps through site facilitation LGAs 214,485 beneficiaries assisted with NFI Member of the inter-sector working group interventions

421,020 beneficiaries assisted with shelter Special guest to the operational humanitarian interventions country team in Maiduguri (chaired by OCHA)

MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2019:

• Reactivated the sub-sector coordination mechanism, improving response time and alert notifications

• Conducted the first coordination meeting at federal level in Abuja, bringing together Government partners and donors

• Developed multi-sectorial gap assessment reports upon roll-out of the ‘site-tracker’ camp management reporting tool

• Led the development of a land advocacy strategy to identify land to establish camps and deliver humanitarian aid

• Advocated for urban extension solutions and developed a new shelter strategy

WASH SECTOR/COORDINATION With its leading role in the WASH Sector TWG for Nigeria, IOM revised the WASH Sector Emergency Technical Guidance (second edition). This revision focused on the redesign of WASH facilities (water systems, latrines and showers), revision of programme standards and target indicators, harmonization of WASH-NFI kits, inclusion of community-based approaches, mainstreaming of protection issues, and development of Complaint Response Mechanisms. In addition, IOM leads the Maiduguri WASH sub-sector coordination and is a member of the WASH Sector advisory group. MHPSS SECTOR WORKING GROUP/COORDINATION IOM co-chairs the MHPSS sub-working group together with the State Ministry of Health (SMoH). In 2019, through ad-hoc and monthly co-chaired meetings organised, IOM supported interagency coordination among MHPSS partners implementing MHPSS interventions. Following the Inter-Agency Standing Committee guidelines on MHPSS in emergency settings, capacity building sessions were conducted on topics such as Psychosocial First Aid, mainstreaming of MHPSS approaches to different sectors, and integration of minimum standards. Training on Basic Counselling and Communication Skills, and on the Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide were also conducted through joint collaboration with partners, including the Federal Neuro- Psychiatric Hospital, the World Health Organization and Médecins du Monde. To commemorate the World Mental Health Day, an event was co-organised, reaching 106 attendees from national and international institutions. Thanks to a collaboration with TWB, key messages were translated into nine local languages. IOM also facilitated the ‘2019 End of Year Review’ and the ‘2020 Strategic Objectives Workshop’ which reached 90 participants from more than 60 institutions. Best practices, challenges and recommendations identified, were used to draft the 2020 work plan identifying priority areas such as governance and leadership, service delivery, human resources, and humanitarian response and monitoring and evaluation.

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 14 IOM NIGERIA EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES

Nigeria emergency response activities Jan-Dec 2019 © IOM 2019

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 15 Emergency response activities are supported by:

Focus group discussion with women support group at Teachers Village camp, Maiduguri © IOM 2019/Mshelia Yakubu

CONTACT US: Twitter: IOM Humanitarian Response: @IOM_Nigeria Dave Bercasio, Head of Sub-Office Facebook: [email protected] Facebook.com/IOMNigeria IOM Programme Support Unit Maiduguri [email protected] Instagram:

IOM Nigeria

IOM NIGERIA / EMERGENCY RESPONSE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 16