Antietam Campaign

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MARYLAND CIVIL WAR TRAILS How to Use this Map-Guide

This guide depicts a 90-mile historic and scenic driving tour that follows the route taken during Robert E. Lee’s September 1862 Maryland Campaign. Information contained here and along the Trail tells stories that have been hidden deep within the landscape for 140 years. Follow the bugle trailblazer signs to waysides that explain the day-to-day stories of soldiers and civilians as thousands of men and boys marched toward their undeniable destiny. The Trail can be driven in one, two, or three days depending on traveler preference. Recreational activities such as hiking, biking, paddling, and horseback riding add a different yet powerful dimension to the driving experience. Amenities along the Trail include dining, lodging, shopping, and attractions which highlight Maryland’s important role in the Civil War. For more detailed travel information, stop by any Maryland Welcome Center, or local Visitor Center, or contact any of the organizations listed in this guide. For additional Civil War Trails information, visit www.civilwartrails.org. For more Maryland travel information, visit www.mdisfun.org.

View west from South Mountain.

Cover Photography: www.tadderphotography.com Photography: Cover Follow these signs to more than 1,000 Civil War sites.

Monument to Civil War soldier at Antietam National Battlefield. HH LEE INVADES MARYLAND HH

he Battle of Antietam on Septem- September 3, “The present seems to be the ber 17, 1862, the culmination of most propitious time since the commence- Gen. Robert E. Lee’s first inva- ment of the war for the Confederate Army to T sion of the North, was one of enter Maryland.... If it is ever desired to give five Confederate offensives conducted on material aid to Maryland and afford her an a 1,000-mile front that fall. As Lee’s Army opportunity of throwing off the oppression of Northern Virginia (about 40,000 men) to which she is now subject, this would seem marched across central and western Mary- the most favorable.” Surprisingly, Lee then land, other Confederate forces moved into wrote, “The army is not properly equipped Kentucky, northern Mississippi, and the for an invasion of an enemy’s territory. It Kanawha River valley of western Virginia. lacks much of the material of war, is feeble Never again during the war would so many in transportation, the animals being much Confederate armies be on the offensive at reduced, and the men are poorly provided the same time. with clothes, and in thousands of instances Lee’s invasion was the bloodiest are destitute of shoes. Still, we cannot and the most decisive of these incur- afford to be idle, and though weaker sions. Following his success at the than our opponents in men and mil- Second Battle of Manassas (Bull itary equipments, must endeavor Run), Lee wrote to Confederate President Jefferson Davis on (left) Gen. Robert E. Lee (below) The Confederate army crosses the Potomac River into Maryland. H H H LEE INVADES H LOST & FOUND MARYLAND

to harass if we cannot destroy them. I am aware that the movement is attended with much risk, yet I do not consider success impossible, and shall endeavor to guard it from loss.” Meanwhile, less than 25 miles away, Union Gen. George B. McClellan was staging his Army of the Potomac, roughly 85,000 men. D.H. Hill’s copy of the Special Orders No. 191. While camped in Frederick, Mary- land, a few days later, Lee decided on fter crossing the Potomac a bold move. Because the 12,000-man River early in September Federal garrison at Harpers Ferry posed 1862, Confederate Gen. a threat to his lines of supply, communi- A Robert E. Lee reorganized cation, and retreat, Lee could not safely the Army of Northern Virginia into operate north of the Potomac River three separate wings. On September 9, without neutralizing it. Accordingly, at Frederick, Lee outlined his strategy he divided his army into four parts. He in Special Orders 191. He would divide directed Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” his army—send Gen. Stonewall Jack- Jackson to supervise the envelopment of son to attack Harpers Ferry and Gen. Harpers Ferry with three Confederate James Longstreet toward Boonsboro. columns numbering more than 25,000 Lee distributed the orders to his senior men. Lee assigned the newly arrived subordinates. division of Gen. D.H. Hill to guard A copy addressed to Gen. D.H. Turner’s Gap near Boonsboro. He later Hill got left behind, wrapped around ordered Gen. James Longstreet to lead three cigars, when the Confederates the rest of the army, about 10,000 strong, marched to South Mountain the next to Hagerstown, Maryland, near the day. On September 13, a Union soldier Mason-Dixon Line and prepare to enter found the bundle in Hill’s former camp Pennsylvania. and presumably enjoyed the cigars. All of this changed when a copy of The wrapper, read by another soldier, Lee’s plan (Special Orders No. 191) fell soon reached Gen. George B. McClel- into Union hands. McClellan’s army gave lan, who exclaimed that he held the chase and forced the Confederates into Confederate battle plan in his hands! a holding action in the South Mountain The lost order probably was found gaps. Lee gathered his army at Sharps- on the Hermitage or Best Farm. Hill burg and decided to make a stand north- forever after denied having received east of town on Sharpsburg ridge. Two or lost the “lost orders.” He produced days later the armies met in the bloodi- his own set, in Jackson’s handwriting, est one-day battle in U.S. history. as proof. HH WAR ON THE BORDER HH

uring the Civil War, the Potomac River became the boundary between the United States of DAmerica and the Confederate States of America. Perhaps 500,000 Union and Confederate troops and their animals marched through and camped in the region, placing a tremendous strain on the environ- ment and economy. After the Battle of Antietam a soldier wrote, “few were the houses [near Sharpsburg] that had not been pierced by solid shot or shell.” Union Gen. George B. McClellan made the Pry family home his headquarters; damages to the farm and house exceeded $2,400 and included the loss of 900 bushels of wheat Sharpsburg’s Main Street, 1862, just a few days after and 20 acres of ripe corn. Pry, ruined by the the Battle of Antietam. occupation, eventually left Sharpsburg. After the Battle of Gettysburg, Gen. through one of the most fertile portions of Robert E. Lee’s army retreated to the rain- Washington County. Along these lines farms swollen Potomac and dug in between Downs- have been terribly devastated. Fences have ville and Hagerstown, Maryland. Several been destroyed, timber cut down, embank- actions occurred over two weeks at Hager- ments thrown up, ditches dug, wheat, corn, stown, Funkstown, Boonsboro, and Williams- and cloverfields destroyed, the whole pre- port. A writer reported that “the rebel line senting a scene of desolation and destruc- of entrenchment, as well as our own, which tion painful to behold. Some farmers esti- were hastily thrown up opposite to them, mate their losses at six, eight, and ten extend for a distance of twelve miles thousand dollars [while] others say they are entirely ruined.” Civilians under fire. Throughout the war, Confederate partisans mounted small raids along the border, and gangs of deserters from both sides roamed the region stealing horses and other livestock and committing mayhem. Besides property damage, civilians some- times suffered attacks on their persons. Confederate partisans on a raid to Sharps- burg early in 1863 shot and killed a local citizen, and during the summer of 1864, a drunken Union soldier accidentally shot and killed a young girl at Sandy Hook. HARPERS FERRY SOUTH MOUNTAIN

hen Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee led the Army of Northern Vir- W ginia into Maryland early in Septem-ber 1862, he sought supplies and recruits to invade Pennsylvania. While he rested his men at Frederick, he hoped that the outnumbered Union Harpers Ferry, 1862. garrison at Harpers Ferry would flee and leave his lines of communication ent by Gen. Robert E. Lee to and transportation unhindered. When capture Harpers Ferry and the Federals stayed put, however, Lee secure Confederate lines of issued Special Orders No. 191 to divide Scommunication during the his army and send Stonewall Jackson Maryland invasion, Gen. Thomas J. with almost two thirds (6 of 9 divisions) “Stonewall” Jackson approached of its soldiers to capture Harpers Ferry. Harpers Ferry from three directions Lee and the rest of his army marched with 24,000 soldiers in mid-September over South Mountain, using it as a 1862. Jackson and 14,000 men swept screen to help keep Gen. George B. Union troops at Martinsburg into the McClellan’s pursuing Army of the Poto- Harpers Ferry trap. Gen. John G. mac at bay. But then the Federals found Walker’s 2,000-man division secured a dropped copy of Lee’s orders, and it Loudoun Heights, while Gen. Lafayette became even more critical for the Con- McLaws climbed Maryland Heights on federates to hold the South Mountain September 13; the Federals there soon passes until Jackson completed his mis- withdrew to Harpers Ferry. sion and rejoined them. The day-long Jackson, atop School House battle on September 14, it turned out, Ridge, used the terrain effectively to gave them just time enough. position his artillery and troops. On the night of September 14, however, Franklin’s Corps storming Crampton’s Gap. 1,400 Union cavalrymen escaped across the Potomac River. The next day, the remaining Union garrison on Camp Hill and Bolivar Heights surrendered nearly 12,500 men, 73 cannon, 11,000 small arms, and 200 wagons—the largest capitulation of U.S. troops during the Civil War and the largest in Ameri- can history until the fall of the Philip- pines in WWII. Jackson soon hastened his men toward Sharpsburg, Maryland. H EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION H

lthough President Abraham to serve in the United States Army and Lincoln personally opposed Navy during the war. While the proclama- slavery, he was no abolitionist. tion itself actually freed no slaves, it A Yet in 1862 he slowly yielded to encouraged them to liberate themselves. pressure from men such as Frederick Problems remained in the border Douglass to broaden the war aims of the states. Maryland, for example, had stayed United States. He awaited a Union military with the Union but held many slaves. In victory, knowing that he needed Northern December 1862, in Lincoln’s annual mes- support for such a change. sage to Congress, he proposed that “every The victory at Antietam (Sharpsburg) State, wherein slavery now exists, which on September 17, 1862, gave Lincoln his shall abolish the same therein...shall opportunity. Five days later, he issued the receive compensation from the United preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, States.” (In reality, such compensated thereby transforming the war for the Union emancipation did not occur.) Lincoln also into a war for freedom as well. The Procla- wrote some loftier words: “We—even we mation stated that “all persons held as here—hold the power, and bear the respon- slaves within any state or designated part of a state, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.” In the final version promulgated on January 1, 1863, Lincoln opened the way for blacks to bear arms by declaring that “such persons of suitable condition, Lincoln on Antietam battlefield days after he issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation. will be received into the armed service of the United States sibility. In giving freedom to the slave, we to garrison forts, positions, stations and assure freedom to the free—honorable alike other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in what we give, and what we preserve. We in said service.” This provision allowed shall nobly save, or meanly lose, the last about 200,000 Americans of African descent best, hope of the earth.” TRANSPORTATION H PHOTOGRAPHY H AND LOGISTICS

arge Civil War armies needed the logistical support of thousands of wagons and L teams, traveling forges, cais- sons, and ambulances, as well as cooks, teamsters, blacksmiths, farriers, doc- tors, and hospital stewards. The Union Army of the Potomac Dunker Church, Antietam drew more than 100,000 pairs of shoes and boots, 93,000 pairs of trousers, and y the time of the Civil War, 10,000 blankets from advanced supply photography had so advanced depots at Frederick and Hagerstown that photographers could between September 12 and October 25, follow armies, take pictures, 1862. The army used more than 3,000 B and develop them in field darkrooms. wagons and on October 1 had 22,493 They could not, however, photograph horses and 10,392 mules. moving subjects because of the long Conversely, soldiers in the Con- exposure times—5 to 15 seconds— federate Army of Northern Virginia needed to capture a scene on glass lacked food, shoes, and uniforms, as plates. well as effective small arms, cannons, Alexander Gardner began photo- and ammunition. They also probably graphing the aftermath of the Battle had no more than 16,000 horses to pull of Antietam on September 18, 1862, wagons and other conveyances. the day following. He took the world’s Both armies foraged across the first photographs of war dead, which countryside. A Maryland newspaper shocked the public when displayed reported, “The region of the county in Mathew Brady’s New York gallery, between Sharpsburg and Boonsboro since most civilians thought combat has been eaten out of food of every was like the romantic, bloodless images description. The two armies ... have depicted in contemporary patriotic swept over it and devoured everything art. A reviewer wrote, “Mr. Brady has within reach.” brought home the terrible earnestness of war. If he has not brought bodies and laid them in our dooryards ... he has done something very like it.” When President Abraham Lincoln visited the Union army early in October, Gardner also made the first candid outdoor photographs of a serving president. 1 2 3 HAGERSTOWN 70 Rose Hill Cemetery 81 Williamsport

Boonsboro Washington Antietam Monument National Battlefield 81 B&O Railroad Turner’s Roundhouse Station Antietam Gap 70 MARTINSBURG Grove Farm Keedysville Central Maryland Ferry Hill Sharpsburg Fox’s Heritage League Belle Boyd House Gap Braddock Heights Boteler’s Ford SHEPHERDSTOWN Crampton’s FREDERICK Rumsey Gap Monument Battle of Christ Shepherdstown Reformed Church 70 Burkittsville Moler Monocacy WVA Crossroads Back Door to National Kennedy Harpers Ferry Farm Battlefield

Buckeystown Urbana Park

Harpers Ferry Carrollton 270 National Historical Park Manor Sugarloaf Hyattstown Mountain

Monocacy River Ford Comus

VA Monocacy Aqueduct White’s Barnesville Ford

Beallsville

Mile Hill White’s Ferry Poolesville Loudoun Museum Ball’s Bluff 4 LEESBURG 5 H ANTIETAM CAMPAIGN SITES H H Crampton’s Gap – Although a Union division forced its way through the gap, the commander called a halt instead of routing H Leesburg (Loudoun Museum) – Antietam Campaign Tour the Confederates here. begins here, where Lee rested the Army of Northern Virginia H Burkittsville – After the Battle of Crampton’s Gap on before invading Maryland. September 14, 1862, this picturesque village became a blood- H Mile Hill – A surprise attack led by Confederate Col. Thomas soaked hospital center. Munford on Sept. 2, 1862, routed Federal forces. H Back Door to Harpers Ferry – Following the Battle of South H White’s Ferry (C&O Canal NHP) – A major part of Lee’s army Mountain, CS Gen. Lafayette McLaws delayed the Union advance forded the Potomac River two miles north of this modern ferry by stretching his forces across the valley at the foot of Elk Ridge. crossing, at White’s Ford. H Boonsboro – Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee had his headquar- H White’s Ford (C&O Canal NHP) – Here the major part of ters here during the Battle of South Mountain. the Army of Northern Virginia forded the Potomac River into H Keedysville – The town became a vast Union hospital after the Maryland on September 5-6, 1862, while a Confederate band Battle of Antietam. played “Maryland! My Maryland!” H Antietam National Battlefield – The scene of the bloodiest one- H Poolesville – Site of cavalry skirmishes on September 5 and 8, day battle in American history on September l7, 1862. 1862. H Antietam Station – Veterans disembarked from trains here to H Beallsville – A running cavalry fight passed through town on revisit the battlefield and attend reunions. September 9, 1862. H Grove Farm – Here President Abraham Lincoln visited the Army H Barnesville – On September 9, 1862, opposing cavalry units of the Potomac and its commander, Gen. George B. McClellan. chased each other through town several times. H Ferry Hill – This was the home of Henry Kyd Douglas, Stonewall H Comus (Mt. Ephraim Crossroads) – Confederate cavalry Jackson’s youngest staff officer. fought a successful rearguard action here, September 9-11, 1862, H Williamsport (C&O Canal NHP) – Stonewall Jackson’s to protect the infantry at Frederick. command crossed into Virginia here en route to capturing H Sugarloaf Mountain – At different times, Union and Confed Harpers Ferry. erate signalmen atop the mountain watched the opposing army. H Boteler’s Ford (C&O Canal NHP) – After capturing Harpers H Monocacy Aqueduct (C&O Canal NHP) – Confederate troops Ferry, Stonewall Jackson’s command crossed back into Maryland tried and failed to destroy or damage the aqueduct on September here; Lee’s army crossed here after retreating from Sharpsburg. 4 and 9, 1862. H Shepherdstown – This place became a Confederate hospital cen- H Monocacy River Ford – The Confederate army encountered ter after the Battle of Antietam and nearby the scene of the last many sympathizers before they crossed the river here, but few on engagement of the campaign on September 20, 1862. the other side. H Rumsey Monument – Dedicated to James Rumsey, who launched H Carrollton Manor – The landscape has changed little since the first successful steam-propelled boat. Great view of the Poto- the Confederate army camped here on September 5-6, 1862, and mac, the home of Kyd Douglas, and the ruins of the wartime bridge. devoured fields full of green corn. H Battle of Shepherdstown – Site of fierce fighting on September H Buckeystown Park – Hungry Confederates ate freshly baked 19-20, as Lee’s army crossed back into Virginia and Union forces bread made with flour milled here. struck the Confederate rear guard. H Hyattstown – Several cavalry engagements occurred here, H Moler Crossroads – Elements of the Confederate army marched September 8-11, 1862. near here en route to Sharpsburg. H Urbana (Landon House) – The site of a ball held by Gen. J.E.B. H Harpers Ferry National Historical Park – Strategic commu- Stuart on September 8, 1862, this girls’ school also served as a nication and supply depot at the confluence of the Potomac and hospital to treat the wounded from a cavalry action at Hyattstown. Shenandoah Rivers. H Monocacy National Battlefield (Best Farm) – This is the likely site where the famous Lost Order (Special Orders No. 191) H OTHER CIVIL WAR SITES H was found, containing Gen. Robert E. Lee’s campaign strategy. H B&O Railroad Station (Frederick) – Here President Abraham • Monocacy National Battlefield – On July 9, 1864, Lincoln spoke from a railroad car platform to Frederick residents Union Gen. Lewis Wallace’s stubborn defense delayed for two days on October 4, 1862. Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early’s advance on Washington, D.C. H Frederick City Hall (Frederick) – Pro-secession legislators • National Museum of Civil War Medicine (Frederick) – Tells were prevented from attending a special session near here in 1861. the story of medical practices during the war, when Frederick had many hospitals. H Barbara Fritchie House (Frederick) – In John Greenleaf Whittier’s famous ballad, a loyal old lady waved the Stars and • Kennedy Farm – In this simple log house leased by abolitionist Stripes here and shamed Stonewall Jackson. John Brown in the summer of 1859, he laid his plans, gathered his associates, and launched his raid on Harpers Ferry on Oct. 16. H Braddock Heights – Offers a great view of South Mountain and the Confederate-held gaps that became Union objectives on • B&O Railroad Roundhouse – Important Martinsburg facility September 14, 1862. destroyed by Stonewall Jackson’s troops in 1862. Rebuilt after the war. H Middletown (Central Maryland Heritage League) – The Confederate army received a chilly reception from the town’s • Belle Boyd House – Restored circa 1853 home of the famous strongly pro-Union citizens when it marched through on Confederate spy. It is now home to the Berkeley Co. Historical September 10-11, 1862. Society and Historic Landmarks Commission. H Middletown (Christ Reformed Church) – The church steeple • Ball’s Bluff Battlefield & National Cemetery – On Oct. 21, served as a Union observation post during the Battle of South 1861, Confederates routed Union forces here and drove them over Mountain on September 14, 1862. the bluff into the Potomac River. H Turner’s Gap – The Confederates still held the gap at the end of • Manassas National Battlefield Park – The site of two major the day on September 14, 1862. battles: the first large-scale fight of the war (July 21, 1861) and one of Lee’s greatest victories (Aug. 29–30, 1862), after which he H Washington Monument – The Union army used this stone tower decided to invade the North. as a signal station during the Antietam Campaign. Chantilly – After the Second Battle of Manassas, Jackson H Fox’s Gap – Two generals—one Federal, one Confederate—died • attacked the retreating Federal army here. In a confused engage- fighting for the gap. ment during a thunderstorm, Union Gens. Philip Kearney and Isaac Stevens were killed. Map 1 MASON/DIXON LINE

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40 HAGERSTOWN Campaign Driving Route 70 Rose Hill Alternate Campaign Driving Route Cemetery

Campaign Site

Other Civil War Site To Cumberland, Md 40 I L National, State or County Park Williamsport R A (C&O Canal NHP) T InformationInformation or Welcome Center N

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To Oatlands and Manassas NBP To Chantilly . WEST VIRGINIA To Cumberland,Md Belle BoydHouse Roundhouse B&O Railroad MARTINSBURG 81 11 MASON/DIXON LINE CHARLESTOWN SHEPHERDSTOWN 70 (C&O CanalNHP) Williamsport

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M Middletown Grove Farm Central Maryland HIS Gen. McClellan entering the town of Frederick. C T TO AN R Heritage League RI Braddock AL E C N RD Boteler’s Ford G AT O ION Heights AL Original Site R 67 RO SHEPHERDSTOWN D AD RIV Rumsey ER R D Christ Monument FREDERICK 17 Reformed 40 Battle of Church (See Inset) WEST VIRGINIA Shepherdstown TOWNS Crampton’s END R D 144 D Gap RD R TT Y D O D KN R N R LA ER P E A F G V S D O R R R E G P R A UT 75 H N T Gathland State Park 355 Joins Map 5 B S Burkittsville 70 Moler A E New Market K H E C Crossroads R T O N

RD Monocacy National Battlefield Kennedy Farm D R Y Back Door to R R E F Harpers Ferry S R A E R A To Baltimore P B R Y A 67 340 H C

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40 HAGERSTOWN 70 Rose Hill Cemetery

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R Belle Boyd House Sharpsburg B 40 Ferry T

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M Middletown Grove Farm Central Maryland HIS C T TO AN R Heritage League RI Braddock AL E C N RD Boteler’s Ford G AT O ION Heights AL Original Site R 67 RO SHEPHERDSTOWN D AD RIV Rumsey ER R D Christ Monument FREDERICK 17 Reformed 40 Battle of Church (See Inset) WEST VIRGINIA Shepherdstown TOWNS Crampton’s END R D 144 D Gap RD R TT Y D O D KN R N R LA ER P E A Joins Map 2 F G V S D O R R R E G P R Map A UT 75 H N T Gathland State Park 355 B S Burkittsville 70 Moler A E New Market K H E C 4 Crossroads R T O N

RD Monocacy National Battlefield Kennedy Farm D R Y Back Door to R R E F Harpers Ferry S R A E R A To Baltimore P B R Y A 67 340 H C

D R R 85 C Y H E L R L O A A V D

E K Urbana

N Point of Rocks Sugarloaf Mountain A Natural Area N E Little Bennett H 28 Sugarloaf S Regional Park Mountain Monocacy Natural Resources Area Comus HARPERS FERRY NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK Licksville CO D MUS (Tuscarora) R RD

Monocacy IM P A R H River Ford P O E 109 Clarksburg

T C T M D O & R D O E BA R M Canal N RN D H F ES N P H O VILL U OUT E R H A M D D D L Joins Map 5 R MONTGOMERY C H CY O R A OCA I V R MON E PE Barnesville OL R RS D BALTIMORE RD Schoolhouse FE Maryland Monocacy RR 15 Ridge Bolivar Y Dickerson RD Heights Aqueduct Heights Camp Hill C 28 &O C P E R anal NH I V R To Washington D.C. P O T O M A C VIRGINIA 109 D R Loudoun E L 340 D IL R R V Heights D S E R L

White’s E

L V H

G A

I C

R E

Ford U B

R A

S N

H I

Dickerson T

A R

O Conservation A M D 28 Park Beallsville N

A S H E N 107 White’s Ferry TUT WH T LA IT NE E’S F ER 9 R Y RD Poolesville

Mile Hill 7 107 Loudoun D Museum Ball’s R Y Bluff C R & R O E Can F al S NH D EDWARDS P R FER A RY W RD D LEESBURG E

Edwards Ferry 15 7 From the Maryland shore of the Potomac River, a Federal scout takes aim at Lee’s soldiers To Oatlands and as they wade across the river from Virginia. Manassas NBP To Chantilly MASON/DIXON LINE

81 11

40 HAGERSTOWN 70 Rose Hill Cemetery

To Cumberland, Md 40 I L Williamsport R A (C&O Canal NHP) T

South Mountain A Recreation Area I

65 C A

WASHINGTON P

ALT 40 To Gettysburg

Greenbrier R 66 State Park E

REE ENT RD A

T G

R O

Antietam F 70 MARTINSBURG Fox’s Gap R A Station IV OL D B R RD

A I ALT

R Belle Boyd House Sharpsburg B 40 Ferry T

U MARKERRD Hill O

M Middletown Grove Farm Central Maryland HIS C T TO AN R Heritage League RI Braddock AL E C N RD Boteler’s Ford G AT O ION Heights AL Original Site R 67 RO SHEPHERDSTOWN D AD RIV Rumsey ER R D Christ Monument FREDERICK 17 Reformed 40 Battle of Church (See Inset) WEST VIRGINIA Shepherdstown TOWNS Crampton’s END R D 144 D Gap RD R TT Y D O D KN R N R LA ER P E A Joins Map 3 F G V S D O R R R E G P R Map A UT 75 H N T Gathland State Park 355 B S Burkittsville 70 Moler A E New Market K H E C 5 Crossroads R T O N

RD Monocacy National Battlefield Kennedy Farm D R Y Back Door to R R E F Harpers Ferry S R A E R A To Baltimore P B R Y A 67 340 H C

D R R 85 C Y H E L R L O A A V D

E K Urbana

T M D R D E BA R RN D F ES N H O VILL U OUT E R H M D D D L Joins Map 4 R MONTGOMERY CY O OCA MON Barnesville OL Monocacy D BALTIMORE RD 15 Aqueduct Dickerson 28 To Washington D.C. VIRGINIA 109 D R E L D IL R V D S R L

White’s E

L H

G A C

R E

Ford U B

N I

Dickerson T R

Conservation A M 28 Park Beallsville

107 White’s Ferry TUT WH T LA IT NE E’S F ER 9 R Y RD Poolesville

Mile Hill 7 107 Loudoun D Museum Ball’s R Y Bluff C R & R O E Can F al S NH D EDWARDS P R FER A RY W RD D LEESBURG E

Edwards Ferry 15 7

To Oatlands and President Lincoln arrived at the B&O Railroad Station in Manassas NBP To Chantilly Frederick City to visit the Army of the Potomac. Map 6 ANTIETAM NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD

k e e r C m a The t Cornfield ie nt A

65 Dunker Church

Sunken Road

Battlefield Overlook 34

Sharpsburg Antietam National Cemetery

R Antietam P E

R Station S F

R Burnside’s Bridge

The First Virginia Cavalry at a halt, during the Antietam Campaign. HHH TRAVEL RESOURCES HHH

For more information on the Civil War, recreation and traveling in Maryland, please visit:

Maryland Office of National Museum of Tourism Development Civil War Medicine 401 E. Pratt Street 48 East Patrick Street 14th Floor Frederick, MD 21701 Baltimore, MD 21202 (800) 564-1864 (877) 333-4455 www.CivilWarMed.org www.visitmaryland.org South Mountain Conference and Visitors State Battlefield Bureau of Montgomery 6620 Zittlestown Road County, Maryland, Inc. Middletown, MD 21769 11820 Parklawn Drive (301) 432-8065 Suite 380 www.dnr.state.md.us Rockville, MD 20852 Antietam National Battlefield The Sunken Road at Antietam National Battlefield. (800) 925-0880 www.visitmontgomery.com P.O. Box 158 Sharpsburg, MD 21782 Tourism Council of (301) 432-5124 Frederick County, Inc. www.nps.gov/anti 151 S. East Street C & O Canal National Frederick, MD 21701 A detailed Historical Park (800) 999-3613 exhibit at www.visitfrederick.org Williamsport Visitor Center the National 205 West Potomac Street Museum of Hagerstown/Washington Williamsport, MD 21795 Civil War County Convention & (301) 582-0813 Medicine, Frederick. Visitors Bureau www.nps.gov/choh 16 Public Square Hagerstown, MD 21740 Monocacy National Battlefield (800) 228-STAY (7829) 4801 Urbana Pike Memorial to Irish Brigade www.marylandmemories.org Route 355 South at the Sunken Road on the Frederick, MD 21704 Antietam Battlefield. (301) 662-3515 www.nps.gov/mono Harpers Ferry National Historical Park P.O. Box 65 Harpers Ferry, WV 25425 (304) 535-6298 www.nps.gov/hafe

Monument to Union dead at the Antietam National Cemetery. S it afterward. occurred if infection of surviving cent chance but a10 only surgery, per of surviving chance percent a65 had amputee An instruments. unsterilized with ditions con unsanitary in soldiers wounded operat Surgeons then. unknown was War, of infection theory the germ the Civil during advances great made supplies. distribute and hospitals July 1861, in operate helped lished estab Commission, U.S. Sanitary The public buildings. in functioned pitals hos 29 alone, Frederick In Baltimore. or Frederick in hospitals to taken wounded.” not with is gorged that Smoketown …and Sharpsburg and schoolhouse between Boonesville [ Boonesville between schoolhouse or or church, or store, or farmhouse, not is abarn, “There reported, doctor A never faced. before a challenge presented soldiers of wounded number enormous for this caring and on, ing operat Transporting, before. days three the Battle of Mountain South H Although medical practices practices medical Although were wounded surviving The 17, 3,122 in another and 1862, on September at Antietam ing wounded in one of day fight in wounded were soldiers ome 18,440 MEDICINE ed on ed - sic H - - - ], ], - - 1 call toll-free: Trails, War Civil other on For more information way. the along do and see to things fun and history War Civil discover to Play Google or Apple from app Trails War Civil Maryland the Download and Washingtoncounties. Frederick, Montgomery . 888 W ASHINGTON, D.C. www.visitmaryland.org Boyd Rutherford,Lt.Governor Larry Hogan,Governor .

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