DOCSLIB.ORG

MATTHEW BRONFMAN Yad Vashem Remembrance Award Yad Vashem Young Leadership Remembrance Award Was Born in Krakow, Poland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
MATTHEW BRONFMAN Yad Vashem Remembrance Award Yad Vashem Young Leadership Remembrance Award Was Born in Krakow, Poland Vol. 34-No.1 ISSN 0892-1571 September/October 2007-Tishri/Cheshvan 5768 CECILE AND EDWARD MOSBERG MATTHEW BRONFMAN Yad Vashem Remembrance Award Yad Vashem Young Leadership Remembrance Award was born in Krakow, Poland. I had a set of parents, two sisters, grandpar- atthew Bronfman learned of the horrors of the Holocaust at a young ents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. When the war started, I was thirteen age. The deep impression this made upon him led to a commitment Iyears old. We were thrown out of our house and sent to the Krakow Mthat the world must never forget nor repeat those darkest moments Ghetto. Then we were sent to the Plascow Concentration Camp, Mauthausen of history. Matthew has dedicated himself to instilling younger generations with Concentration Camp and Linz. I am the only survivor of my family. I lost my an understanding of the lessons and legacy of the Holocaust. whole family. In 1944, my two sisters and one of my wife’s sisters were trans- Advocacy for humanitarian causes is part of the Bronfman family tradition. ported from Auschwitz to Stuthof. In 1945, they were shot and thrown into the Matthew’s father, Edgar M. Bronfman, was Baltic Sea. The next day was liberation. the President of the World Jewish Congress My father had been killed in a for more than two decades and the 1997 hon- round-up in 1941. My mother was oree of the American & International sent to Auschwitz in 1944, and at Societies for Yad Vashem. the same time, my wife’s younger Following in the footsteps of his father, brother was taken in the same trans- Matthew has become a key leader in the port. They were both killed in a gas Jewish communal world. He was recently chamber, and then were sent to the elected as Chairman of the Governing crematoriums. During the summer, Board of the World Jewish Congress, where people were transported in enclosed he chairs the Budget and Finance cattle cars, and during the winter, in Commission and is a member of the open cattle cars, so that the weath- Steering Committee. The World Jewish er could add to the already tragic Congress is an international federation of and horrific conditions. Jewish communities and organizations. By In the extermination camp Belzec, building consensus between groups, it located in the eastern part of Poland, I works to act as a diplomatic envoy for the lost sixteen members of my family. My worldwide Jewish community. grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins Matthew joined the Board of Directors of the 92nd Street Y in 1991; were murdered there by the Nazis. chaired the Capital Campaign from 1997-2002; served as President from Luck was the component which was how anyone survived. You consider 2000 to 2003; and as Chairman from 2003 to 2006. He currently serves as yourself lucky if you had a job. I was a strong boy and not afraid to try any- Chairman of the Program Committee and Chairman of the Bronfman Center thing. I worked in many jobs. I worked in Mauthausen Concentration Camp in for Jewish Life Committee. Endowed by the Bronfman Family, the programs the stone mines. There I had to climb 186 steps down and up, carrying a boul- of the Center for Jewish Life are designed for those beginning their explo- der. If you stopped for a moment, they either shot you or they pushed you off ration of Judaism, continuing their studies, and seeking a better under- the cliff to your death. standing of Jewish values, texts, history and rituals. On May 5, 1945 at the end of the war, the Nazi guards told us that they want- Fredrick Mack, President of the 92nd Street Y, had this to offer on the occa- ed to help us. They claimed that the Americans were coming, and the Nazi sion of Matthew Bronfman’s being honored by the American & International guards wanted to save us. They marched us to caves in the mountains, which Societies for Yad Vashem: “I can think of few people more deserving of this were set up with dynamite. It never went off. That is how I survived, and am honor than Matthew Bronfman. As I know from being not only his longtime alive to testify to these atrocities, which were perpetrated on our families and friend, but also his fellow 92nd Street Y board member for almost a decade the six million Jews of Europe. and a half, Matthew is a person of great honor and integrity, who seeks to do After the war, when I found out that I was really the only survivor in my fam- his best in everything he undertakes. His dedication to the 92nd Street Y is ily, I decided to utilize the health care opportunities. I was physically very sick. well-known, as is his unwavering devotion to the Jewish people and to Israel. I was sent to a hospital in Italy for eight months for treatment and rehabilita- He is an example to us all. tion. Upon returning to Krakow, where my girlfriend (soon to become my wife) With a B.A. from Williams College and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business and her father were, we decided to move to Belgium. We got married there. School, Matthew became involved in numerous and diverse business inter- (Continued on page 8) (Continued on page 8) IN THIS ISSUE Yad Vashem Annual Tribute Dinner.................................................................1, 8-9, 16 “Japanese Schindler” is honored.................................................................................3 Facing a grim reality in Austrian town.........................................................................5 Saved by a saint in a tank..............................................................................................6 A nation’s lost Holocaust history, now on display......................................................7 Yad Vashem is the recepient of Prince of Asturias Award for Concord.................10 Story of the Warsaw ghetto.........................................................................................11 French priest uncovers horrors of Holocaust in Ukraine........................................12 Jews of Ispas: Where the truth lies?..........................................................................13 Holocaust diary of Polish Anne Frank.......................................................................14 Holocaust center gets Kacztner’s archive................................................................15 Page 2 MARTYRDOM & RESISTANCE September/October 2007 - Tishri/Cheshvan 5768 CLAIMS CONFERENCE TO SPEND MORE ON WELFARE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE OF HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS RENAMES AUSCHWITZ DEATH CAMP vivors. These are considered unrestricted he Auschwitz concentration camp in bol of the Holocaust. Birkenau was the BY ANSHEL PFEFFER, HAARETZ funds and the conference can allocate TPoland has been officialy renamed neighboring camp and the site of the main them as it sees fit. Most of the money for he board of directors of the Claims by UNESCO to make clear it was estab- gas chambers and crematoriums. these organizations has come in recently Conference decided to make a lished and run by occupying Poland, which was sub- T from sales of formerly Jewish property, major change in how they allocate funds German Nazi forces. jected to a brutal occupa- primarily in the former East Germany. intended for the welfare of Holocaust sur- The camp will now be known tion by Adolf Hitler’s In 2005, $44.5 million was given within vivors and the education and commemo- as “Auschwitz-Birkenau. forces, sought the name Israel by the conference, most of which ration of the Shoah. German Nazi Concentration change to ensure that went to build and renovate geriatric wards Until this year, there was a clear division and Extermination Camp (1940- future generations under- in various Israeli hospitals. of funding, with 80 percent going to wel- 1945),” said Roni Amelan, a stand it had no role in Out of the 20 percent earmarked for fare and health purposes, and the remain- spokesman for UNESCO’s establishing or running education, the Yad Vashem Holocaust ing 20 percent for education and com- World Heritage Committee. the camp, which was memoration. Starting this year, it was memorial received $1.5 million – 5 per- The committee agreed to made a World Heritage cent of its operating budget. In the past change the name from site by the UN decided by the conference that the Auschwitz crematorium. amounts dedicated to education would be Yad Vashem has received large sums “Auschwitz Concentration Educational, Scientific frozen, and the health and welfare alloca- from the Claims Conference to finance the Camp” at a meeting in New Zealand fol- and Cultural Organization in 1979. tions would increase significantly. building of the new museum that opened lowing a request from Poland, and the The UNESCO committee considered a Most of the funding of the Claims a year-and-a-half ago. change is effective immediately, request to change the name last year, but Conference – officially known as The There has been a lot of criticism in Amelan said. postponed the decision to consult with Conference on Jewish Material Claims recent years that not enough of the Auschwitz, where the Nazis killed more historians and other interested parties Against Germany - is given directly to spe- money has been going to the actual sur- than 1 million people, has become a sym- after failing to agree. cific survivors who receive their stipends vivors, and too much went to education and compensation from Germany and and the chairman of the memorials. MASS HOLOCAUST GRAVE FOUND IN UKRAINE Reuven Merhav, chairman of the other sources, such as the Swiss banks Shvartsman said that Jewish communi- Executive Committee, said that they had arrangements, via the conference. BY NATASHA LISOVA, AP ty knew about the mass killing but did not not changed the manner of allocation, In addition, the conference allocates know where the bodies were located. but only added an ad-hoc budget, due to mass grave, holding the remains of some $90 million a year to organizations Anatoly Podolsky, director of the Ukrainian special needs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Opening Statements
    Opening Statements Opening Ceremony Remarks at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Mr. Miles Lerman CHAIRMAN, UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL COUNCIL UNITED STATES It is proper and most fitting that this conference began with a symbolic ceremony of silent contemplation in the Hall of Remembrance of the Holocaust Memorial Museum where we invoked memory and paid tribute to those who were consumed in the Nazi inferno. Now let me welcome you to the Washington Conference on Holocaust-Era Assets. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is pleased to co-chair with the State Department this historic event. For the next three days representatives of 44 countries will have the opportunity to explore a just and orderly return of confiscated assets to their rightful owners. It took over 50 years for the world to come to grips with the fact that the biggest murder of the century; it was also, as my friend Ben Meed reminds us, the biggest robbery in history. This fact is not limited to one country only. What really shocked the conscience of the world was the discovery that even after the war, some countries tried to gain materially from this cataclysm by refusing to return to the rightful owners what was justly theirs. The refusal to respond to these rightful claims was a great injustice, a moral wrong which can not be ignored. And this is what brings us together today. We are here to make sure that these wrongs are corrected in a just and proper manner. 4 WASHINGTON CONFERENCE ON HOLOCAUST-ERA ASSETS Under Secretary Eizenstat and Edgar Bronfman deserve our gratitude for their unrelenting efforts to bring about full accountability for all wrongs that must be made right.
    [Show full text]
  • Parallel Journeys:Parallel Teacher’S Guide
    Teacher’s Parallel Journeys: The Holocaust through the Eyes of Teens Guide GRADES 9 -12 Phone: 470 . 578 . 2083 historymuseum.kennesaw.edu Parallel Journeys: The Holocaust through the Eyes of Teens Teacher’s Guide Teacher’s Table of Contents About this Teacher’s Guide.............................................................................................................. 3 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Georgia Standards of Excellence Correlated with These Activities ...................................... 5 Guidelines for Teaching about the Holocaust .......................................................................... 12 CORE LESSON Understanding the Holocaust: “Tightening the Noose” – All Grades | 5th – 12th ............................ 15 5th Grade Activities 1. Individual Experiences of the Holocaust .......................................................................... 18 2. Propaganda and Dr. Seuss .................................................................................................. 20 3. Spiritual Resistance and the Butterfly Project .................................................................. 22 4. Responding to the St. Louis ............................................................................................... 24 5. Mapping the War and the Holocaust ................................................................................. 25 6th, 7th, and 8th Grade Activities
    [Show full text]
  • A Plan for Allocating Successor Organization Resources
    A Plan for Allocating Successor Organization Resources Report of the Planning Committee, Conference On Jewish Material Claims Against Germany June 28, 2000 25 Sivan 5760 1 Rabbi Israel Miller, President, Conference On Jewish Material Claims Against Germany 15 East 26 Street New York, New York Dear Israel, I am pleased to enclose A Plan for Allocating Successor Organization Resources, the report of the distinguished Planning Committee which I have had the honor of chairing. The Committee has completed a thoughtful ten-month process, carefully reviewing the issues and exploring a variety of options before coming to the conclusions contained in this document. We trust that you will bring these recommendations to the Board of Directors of the Claims Conference for review and action. Through this experience, I have become convinced that the work of the Claims Conference is not adequately understood or appreciated. I hope that this report and the results of this planning process will help dispel the confusion about the past and future achievements of the Claims Conference. No amount of money can compensate for the destruction of innocent human beings and thriving communities or the decimation of the Jewish people as a whole by the Nazis. We can try to use available resources - specifically the proceeds of the sale of communal and unclaimed property in the former East Germany - to respond to the most critical needs related to the consequences of the Shoah. This is what the enclosed Plan tries to accomplish. I want to thank the members of the Committee who came from near and far for their attendance and commitment, and for the high quality of their participation.
    [Show full text]
  • Mary T. Mccullagh [email protected] BOOKS and FILMS – IDEAS AND
    “Excellence is to do a common thing in an uncommon way.” Booker T. Washington (1856-1915); educator, orator, author Mary T. McCullagh [email protected] Please feel free to contact me with any questions. BOOKS AND FILMS – IDEAS AND SUGGESTIONS Bibliographies from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum http://www.ushmm.org/research/library/bibliography/?lang=en&content=childrens_books# 02-non_fiction Introduction - The following bibliography was compiled to guide parents, educators, and young readers to children’s books about the Holocaust and related subjects that are in the Library’s collection. It is not meant to be exhaustive. Annotations provide a brief description of the story or topic of each book. Call numbers for the Museum’s Library are given in parentheses following each citation. Those unable to visit might be able to find these works in a nearby public library or acquire them through interlibrary loan. Follow the “Find in a library near you” link in each citation and enter your zip code at the Open WorldCat search screen. The results of that search indicate all libraries in your area that own that particular title. Talk to your local librarian for assistance. Fiction • Abram, Alvin. Why, Zaida? Illustrated by Judy Nora Willemsma. Toronto: AMA Graphics, 1997. (PZ 7 .A27 W4 2000) [Find in a library near you] Fictional dialogue between a grandson and his grandfather, who survived the Holocaust as a child. As the grandson inquires about his great-grandparents, who perished during the Holocaust, his grandfather uses analogies from the forest around them to illustrate evil and hate.
    [Show full text]
  • 4537-ZOA Report SP07.P4
    report A Publication of the Zionist Organization of America Spring 2007 PUTTING PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY’S MAHMOUD ABBAS INTO FOCUS “It is our duty to implement the principles of Yasser Arafat” INSIDE: ZOA’s JUSTICE LOUIS BRANDEIS ANNUAL DINNER FEATURED: MORT ZUCKERMAN, RONALD LAUDER & JAMES TISCH ZOA NATIONAL CONVENTION ZOA ON THE BAKER REPORT ANSWERING JIMMY CARTER ZOA CAMPUS NETWORK ZOA RESPONDS TO ATTACKS ON PRO-ISRAEL LOBBY 4537-ZOA Report SP07.p6 2/12/07 11:21 AM Page 2 ZOA President’s Message Abbas: Promotes Terrorism – Not Peace Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas – labeled as a “moderate” by both Washington and the media – spoke to a rally of Fatah supporters in Ramallah. His message was for Palestinians to stop killing each other. But rather than merely call for communal peace, he urged them to murder Israeli Jews instead. Abbas called for Palestinians to turn their guns and rifles on Israeli Jews, “saying: “We have a legitimate right to direct our guns against Israeli occupation. It is forbidden to use these guns report against Palestinians. ... Our rifles, all our rifles are aimed at the occupation.” Spring 2007 Iran’s notorious President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad would have been proud to deliver a speech such as that given by the supposed moderate Abbas. Published by the This was not just a case of one small, revealing statement of extremism from the P.A. leader. On the contrary, in this Zionist Organization of America speech, Abbas praised the late PLO leader Yasser Arafat and other Fatah terrorists killed in attacks on Israelis as Jacob and Libby Goodman ZOA House 4 East 34th Street, New York, NY 10016 “martyrs,” as well as specifically saluting Sheik Ahmed Yassin, one of the founders of the terrorist group Hamas.
    [Show full text]
  • Israel's Law of Return and the Debate of Altering
    ALTSCHUL.DOC 4/21/2003 4:42 PM ISRAEL’S LAW OF RETURN AND THE DEBATE OF ALTERING, REPEALING, OR MAINTAINING ITS PRESENT LANGUAGE MARK J. ALTSCHUL* This note examines the factors that lead to the implementation of the Law of Return in Israel. The Law of Return plays an important role by permitting members of the Jewish faith to receive Israeli citi- zenship. The author begins by providing a history of the development of Israel as a nation and exploring the origins of its Law of Return. Next, he traces the historical impact of the Law of Return on the country and on those immigrating to this nation, with a special em- phasis on those emigrating from Russia. Next, the author analyzes the recent movement toward amendment of the Law of Return. Reli- gious leaders propose that the Law of Return should be amended to recognize immigrants as Jews (under religious law) only if the immi- grants undergo an Orthodox conversion. The author notes that this proposal, however, could alienate Jewish Americans as well as Jewish immigrants from the former Soviet Union. On the other hand, some politicians and intellectuals recommend a more radical reform of the Law of Return. Arguing that the Law of Return demonstrates an “in- tolerance for its minority population,” they recommend that the Law of Return be drastically changed or abolished. The author proposes that the two sides reach a compromise that requires Israel to establish the Orthodox-Conservative-Reform Con- version Institute. This institute would encourage the continued immi- gration of Jews to Israel because it would permit entire families to immigrate to Israel and eventually enable the non-Jewish members of the family to convert to Judaism.
    [Show full text]
  • Would Heschel Back Black Lives? Would Be Anti-Semites
    NEWS SPORTS FOOD NATALIE’S FANCY SIPPING ACCENT FOOTWORK SANGRIA Page 23 Page 28 Page 29 August 25, 2016 Vol. 52, No. 34 | Candlelighting 7:29 | Havdalah 8:27 | Av 21, 5776 | washingtonjewishweek.com $1.00 Can Trump ban anti-Semites? By Ron Kampeas ow extreme does vetting need to be Hto keep anti-Semites from entering the United States, and is Donald Trump’s plan worth the effort? e Republican nominee’s proposal to apply an ideological test to potential immi- grants is based on precedent: e United States in the last century instituted a broad ban on communists and their sympathiz- ers, and Jewish groups aer World War II sought to extend similar strictures to those who sympathized with Nazis. Nonetheless, Jewish civil rights and im- migration groups today have questions about the viability of Trump’s proposal and whether it is ethical to institute an ideological litmus test on arrivals from countries with vastly different values and education systems. Trump, in his Aug. 15 speech, noted the Happy landings precedent. New immigrants, including six from greater Washington, pose aer “In the Cold War, we had an ideological landing at Israel’s Ben Gurion Airport on Aug. 17. SEE STORY ON PAGE 4. screening test,” he said. “e time is over- Photo by Jon Marks due to develop a new screening test for the threats we face today. I call it extreme vetting. I call it extreme, extreme vetting.” Among those excluded, Trump said, Would Heschel back Black Lives? would be anti-Semites. “As we have seen in France, foreign By Daniel Schere a quandary: If the movement is so hostile to iconic photograph of him marching with the populations have brought their anti-Se- Political Reporter Israel, must Jews choose between the Jewish Rev.
    [Show full text]
  • American Jewish Year Book World Article 2007
    World Jewish Population, 2007 T HE WORLD'S JEWISH POPULATION was estimated at 13.155 mil­ lion at the beginning of 2007 -an increase of about 63,000 over the pre­ vious year's revised estimate. I While world total population grew by 1.2 percent in 2006,2 the world Jewish population grew by 0.5 percent. Israel's Jewish population grew by 1.5 percent and the rest of world Jewry di­ minished on aggregate by -0.2 percent. Israel's Jewish population (not including more than 300,000 non-Jewish immigrants admitted in the framework of the Law of Return) approached 5.4 million in 2007, or 41 percent of world Jewry. This represented not only a population increase of nearly 80,000 over 2006 but also a water­ shed in Jewish population history: after critically reviewing all available evidence on Jewish demographic trends, it is plausible to claim that Is­ rael has overtaken the United States in hosting the largest Jewish com­ munity worldwide. Dissenting opinions on this issue will be reviewed later in this article. In the light of available evidence, demography-through daily, im­ perceptibly slow and multiform changes affecting human birth and death, and the willingness of individuals to identify with a Jewish collective­ has thus produced a transition of singular symbolic relevance for Jewish history and destiny. This holds true at least with regard to the core Jew­ ish population, not inclusive of non-Jewish members of Jewish house­ holds, other non-Jews of Jewish ancestry, and still other non-Jews who may be conversant with or interested in JewisIi matters.
    [Show full text]
  • OF MEMORY THOUSANDS of Marchers Carry Israeli Flags As They Walk from Auschwitz to Birkenau.(Yossi Zeliger) EDITOR’S NOTE: 30 YEARS of MARCH of the LIVING
    THE EVOLUTION OF MEMORY THOUSANDS OF marchers carry Israeli flags as they walk from Auschwitz to Birkenau.(Yossi Zeliger) EDITOR’S NOTE: 30 YEARS OF MARCH OF THE LIVING he March of the Living Holocaust survivors from Auschwitz Yom Ha’atzmaut, this year the coun- brings students, Holocaust to Birkenau. They are joined by thou- try’s 70th anniversary. survivors and their families, sands of other people of goodwill – of Since the first March of the Living in educators and distinguished diverse backgrounds and faiths – as 1988, over 260,000 participants from Tleaders from all over the world to Po- they march side by side in memory of around the world have marched down land to commemorate Holocaust Re- all victims of Nazi genocide and against the same path leading from Auschwitz membrance Day. prejudice, intolerance and hate. to Birkenau. In Poland, their program includes From Poland, many participants trav- On April 12, 2018, some 12,000 visits to once thriving sites of Jewish el to Israel, the birthplace and home- people will march from Auschwitz to life and culture as well as sites of Jew- land of the Jewish People, where they Birkenau to proclaim: ish persecution and martyrdom. Then, commemorate Israel’s fallen soldiers on WE ARE HERE AND NEVER AGAIN! on Holocaust Remembrance Day, Yom Hazikaron (Remembrance Day) the students march arm in arm with and celebrate Israel’s independence on – David Brummer A special Jerusalem Report supplement TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 Greetings from Israeli Prime Minister 22 Survivors Who Built the State Benjamin Netanyahu Two nonagenarians who survived European inferno and fought in Israel’s War of Independence 6 Greetings from Canadian Prime Minister – By Eylon Levy Justin Trudeau 24 Sigmund Rolat 7 We Will Proudly Keep Their Last Will and Sigmund Rolat is the founding donor of POLIN Testament - The Museum of the History of Polish Jews – By Lt.-Gen.
    [Show full text]
  • Holocaust Restitution, the United States Government, and American Industry Michael J
    Brooklyn Journal of International Law Volume 28 | Issue 3 Article 2 2002 Trading With The neE my: Holocaust Restitution, the United States Government, and American Industry Michael J. Bazyler Amber L. Fitzgerald Follow this and additional works at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjil Recommended Citation Michael J. Bazyler & Amber L. Fitzgerald, Trading With The Enemy: Holocaust Restitution, the United States Government, and American Industry, 28 Brook. J. Int'l L. (2003). Available at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjil/vol28/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at BrooklynWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Brooklyn Journal of International Law by an authorized editor of BrooklynWorks. File: BAZYLER Base Macro Final_2.doc Created on: 6/24/2003 12:17 PM Last Printed: 1/13/2004 2:22 PM TRADING WITH THE ENEMY: HOLOCAUST RESTITUTION, THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, AND AMERICAN INDUSTRY Michael J. Bazyler∗ & Amber L. Fitzgerald∗∗ I. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………685 II. THE ROLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN RESTITUTION EFFORTS ABROAD…………………………………………………………...686 A. Switzerland………...……………………………………….689 B. Germany..…………………………………………………...690 C. France......…………………………………………………...697 D. Austria………………..……………………………………..699 E. Israel……………………………...………………………….700 F. Insurance Claims…………………………………………..702 G. Art……………………………………………………………709 H. Role of Historical Commissions..………………………..712 1. Switzerland…………………………………………….712 a. Volcker Report……………………………………713 b. Bergier Final Report…………………………….715 2. Germany………………………………………………..719 3. Austria………………………………………………….720 4. France…………………………………………………..721 5. Other Countries……………………………………….723 ∗ Professor of Law, Whittier Law School, Costa Mesa, California; Fellow, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum (“USHMM”), Washington, D.C.; Research Fellow, Holocaust Educational Trust, London, England; J.D., University of Southern California, 1978; A.B., University of California, Los Angeles, 1974.
    [Show full text]
  • PT Barnum and the Transcontinental Railroad
    The Saber and Scroll Journal Volume 8, Number 3 • Spring 2020 © 2020 Policy Studies Organization TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome Letter ...................................................................................................... 1 Lew Taylor Reconnecting America: P.T. Barnum and the Transcontinental Railroad ................................................................................................................. 3 Chelsea Tatham Zukowski Soviet Russia’s Reaction to the Nazi Holocaust and the Implications of the Suppression of Jewish Suffering ............................................................... 17 Mike Pratt Tea Table Sisterhood and Rebel Dames: The Contributions of Women Jacobites 1688–1788 .............................................................................. 37 Gina Pittington The Hitler Youth & Communism: The Impacts of a Brainwashed Generation in Post-War Politics in Eastern Germany ...................................... 63 Devin Davis The Effects of the Bolshevik Revolution Of 1917: A Case Study ...................... 81 Mason Krebsbach Reinhard Heydrich and the Development of the Einsatzgruppen, 1938–1942 ............................................................................................................ 99 William E. Brennan Book Review: Tom Chaffin. Revolutionary Brothers: Thomas Jefferson, the Marquis de Lafayette, and the Friendship that Helped Forge Two Nations ............................................................................................................... 115 Peggy Kurkowski
    [Show full text]
  • Rutka's Broken Wor(L)
    Broken Wor(l)ds: Rutka's Notebook Broken Wor(l)ds: Rutka's Notebook Liliane Steiner, Hemdat Hadarom Academic College, Netivot, Israel Introduction Rutka's Notebook is a diary kept by a young Jewish girl who lived in Bedzin, Poland during the Holocaust. Rutka Laskier started to keep her diary four months before she was deported to Auschwitz. In this diary, written in a school notebook, she recounts her adolescent life in the ghetto as well as her distress vis-à-vis the atrocities the Nazis inflicted upon her and her people. Aware of the risk she ran to be moved to Kamionka, Rutka agreed with Stanislava Sapinska, the apartment owners' daughter whom she had befriended, that she would hide her notebook in the apartment before leaving. In 1945, when the war was over, Sapinska returned to the apartment and found the diary in the place Rutka had indicated1 to her back in 1943. Pages from Rutka's notebook sent by Zahava Shertz, Rutka's half- sister. Women in Judaism: A Multidisciplinary Journal Volume 12 Number 2 (2015) 1 ISSN 1209-9392 © 2015 Women in Judaism, Inc. All material in the journal is subject to copyright; copyright is held by the journal except where otherwise indicated. There is to be no reproduction or distribution of contents by any means without prior permission. Contents do not necessarily reflect the views of the editors. Broken Wor(l)ds: Rutka's Notebook Through the Broken Wor(l)ds Rutka's Notebook was first brought to the public's awareness only in 2006. Rutka’s Polish friend, who decided to reveal her secret to a relative, and pass on this silenced voice, kept this notebook secret for sixty years.2 Though written by a Jewish teenager in distress who was driven by the urge to leave some record, this diary constitutes a literary work which contains ingenious dialectics between form and content, growth and death, sensitivity and evil, life and hell; in short, the economy of the darkest period of history and its impact on Rutka's soul.
    [Show full text]