Vol. 34-No.1 ISSN 0892-1571 September/October 2007-Tishri/Cheshvan 5768 CECILE AND EDWARD MOSBERG MATTHEW BRONFMAN Yad Vashem Remembrance Award Yad Vashem Young Leadership Remembrance Award was born in Krakow, Poland. I had a set of parents, two sisters, grandpar- atthew Bronfman learned of the horrors of the Holocaust at a young ents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. When the war started, I was thirteen age. The deep impression this made upon him led to a commitment Iyears old. We were thrown out of our house and sent to the Krakow Mthat the world must never forget nor repeat those darkest moments Ghetto. Then we were sent to the Plascow Concentration Camp, Mauthausen of history. Matthew has dedicated himself to instilling younger generations with Concentration Camp and Linz. I am the only survivor of my family. I lost my an understanding of the lessons and legacy of the Holocaust. whole family. In 1944, my two sisters and one of my wife’s sisters were trans- Advocacy for humanitarian causes is part of the Bronfman family tradition. ported from Auschwitz to Stuthof. In 1945, they were shot and thrown into the Matthew’s father, Edgar M. Bronfman, was Baltic Sea. The next day was liberation. the President of the World Jewish Congress My father had been killed in a for more than two decades and the 1997 hon- round-up in 1941. My mother was oree of the American & International sent to Auschwitz in 1944, and at Societies for Yad Vashem. the same time, my wife’s younger Following in the footsteps of his father, brother was taken in the same trans- Matthew has become a key leader in the port. They were both killed in a gas Jewish communal world. He was recently chamber, and then were sent to the elected as Chairman of the Governing crematoriums. During the summer, Board of the World Jewish Congress, where people were transported in enclosed he chairs the Budget and Finance cattle cars, and during the winter, in Commission and is a member of the open cattle cars, so that the weath- Steering Committee. The World Jewish er could add to the already tragic Congress is an international federation of and horrific conditions. Jewish communities and organizations. By In the extermination camp Belzec, building consensus between groups, it located in the eastern part of Poland, I works to act as a diplomatic envoy for the lost sixteen members of my family. My worldwide Jewish community. grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins Matthew joined the Board of Directors of the 92nd Street Y in 1991; were murdered there by the Nazis. chaired the Capital Campaign from 1997-2002; served as President from Luck was the component which was how anyone survived. You consider 2000 to 2003; and as Chairman from 2003 to 2006. He currently serves as yourself lucky if you had a job. I was a strong boy and not afraid to try any- Chairman of the Program Committee and Chairman of the Bronfman Center thing. I worked in many jobs. I worked in Mauthausen Concentration Camp in for Jewish Life Committee. Endowed by the Bronfman Family, the programs the stone mines. There I had to climb 186 steps down and up, carrying a boul- of the Center for Jewish Life are designed for those beginning their explo- der. If you stopped for a moment, they either shot you or they pushed you off ration of Judaism, continuing their studies, and seeking a better under- the cliff to your death. standing of Jewish values, texts, history and rituals. On May 5, 1945 at the end of the war, the Nazi guards told us that they want- Fredrick Mack, President of the 92nd Street Y, had this to offer on the occa- ed to help us. They claimed that the Americans were coming, and the Nazi sion of Matthew Bronfman’s being honored by the American & International guards wanted to save us. They marched us to caves in the mountains, which Societies for Yad Vashem: “I can think of few people more deserving of this were set up with dynamite. It never went off. That is how I survived, and am honor than Matthew Bronfman. As I know from being not only his longtime alive to testify to these atrocities, which were perpetrated on our families and friend, but also his fellow 92nd Street Y board member for almost a decade the six million Jews of Europe. and a half, Matthew is a person of great honor and integrity, who seeks to do After the war, when I found out that I was really the only survivor in my fam- his best in everything he undertakes. His dedication to the 92nd Street Y is ily, I decided to utilize the health care opportunities. I was physically very sick. well-known, as is his unwavering devotion to the Jewish people and to Israel. I was sent to a hospital in Italy for eight months for treatment and rehabilita- He is an example to us all. tion. Upon returning to Krakow, where my girlfriend (soon to become my wife) With a B.A. from Williams College and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business and her father were, we decided to move to Belgium. We got married there. School, Matthew became involved in numerous and diverse business inter- (Continued on page 8) (Continued on page 8) IN THIS ISSUE Yad Vashem Annual Tribute Dinner.................................................................1, 8-9, 16 “Japanese Schindler” is honored.................................................................................3 Facing a grim reality in Austrian town.........................................................................5 Saved by a saint in a tank..............................................................................................6 A nation’s lost Holocaust history, now on display......................................................7 Yad Vashem is the recepient of Prince of Asturias Award for Concord.................10 Story of the Warsaw ghetto.........................................................................................11 French priest uncovers horrors of Holocaust in Ukraine........................................12 Jews of Ispas: Where the truth lies?..........................................................................13 Holocaust diary of Polish Anne Frank.......................................................................14 Holocaust center gets Kacztner’s archive................................................................15 Page 2 MARTYRDOM & RESISTANCE September/October 2007 - Tishri/Cheshvan 5768 CLAIMS CONFERENCE TO SPEND MORE ON WELFARE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE OF HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS RENAMES AUSCHWITZ DEATH CAMP vivors. These are considered unrestricted he Auschwitz concentration camp in bol of the Holocaust. Birkenau was the BY ANSHEL PFEFFER, HAARETZ funds and the conference can allocate TPoland has been officialy renamed neighboring camp and the site of the main them as it sees fit. Most of the money for he board of directors of the Claims by UNESCO to make clear it was estab- gas chambers and crematoriums. these organizations has come in recently Conference decided to make a lished and run by occupying Poland, which was sub- T from sales of formerly Jewish property, major change in how they allocate funds German Nazi forces. jected to a brutal occupa- primarily in the former East Germany. intended for the welfare of Holocaust sur- The camp will now be known tion by Adolf Hitler’s In 2005, $44.5 million was given within vivors and the education and commemo- as “Auschwitz-Birkenau. forces, sought the name Israel by the conference, most of which ration of the Shoah. German Nazi Concentration change to ensure that went to build and renovate geriatric wards Until this year, there was a clear division and Extermination Camp (1940- future generations under- in various Israeli hospitals. of funding, with 80 percent going to wel- 1945),” said Roni Amelan, a stand it had no role in Out of the 20 percent earmarked for fare and health purposes, and the remain- spokesman for UNESCO’s establishing or running education, the Yad Vashem Holocaust ing 20 percent for education and com- World Heritage Committee. the camp, which was memoration. Starting this year, it was memorial received $1.5 million – 5 per- The committee agreed to made a World Heritage cent of its operating budget. In the past change the name from site by the UN decided by the conference that the Auschwitz crematorium. amounts dedicated to education would be Yad Vashem has received large sums “Auschwitz Concentration Educational, Scientific frozen, and the health and welfare alloca- from the Claims Conference to finance the Camp” at a meeting in New Zealand fol- and Cultural Organization in 1979. tions would increase significantly. building of the new museum that opened lowing a request from Poland, and the The UNESCO committee considered a Most of the funding of the Claims a year-and-a-half ago. change is effective immediately, request to change the name last year, but Conference – officially known as The There has been a lot of criticism in Amelan said. postponed the decision to consult with Conference on Jewish Material Claims recent years that not enough of the Auschwitz, where the Nazis killed more historians and other interested parties Against Germany - is given directly to spe- money has been going to the actual sur- than 1 million people, has become a sym- after failing to agree. cific survivors who receive their stipends vivors, and too much went to education and compensation from Germany and and the chairman of the memorials. MASS HOLOCAUST GRAVE FOUND IN UKRAINE Reuven Merhav, chairman of the other sources, such as the Swiss banks Shvartsman said that Jewish communi- Executive Committee, said that they had arrangements, via the conference. BY NATASHA LISOVA, AP ty knew about the mass killing but did not not changed the manner of allocation, In addition, the conference allocates know where the bodies were located. but only added an ad-hoc budget, due to mass grave, holding the remains of some $90 million a year to organizations Anatoly Podolsky, director of the Ukrainian special needs.