1/2021

NorwegiaN DefeNce aND Security iNDuStrieS aSSociatioN SECURE BORDERS. SAVE LIVES.

The Ranger® HDC MS provides exceptional long range performance with a variety of daylight sensors and options to help assess threats. Operators can discern between nuisance alarms and those requiring interdiction for border, coastal surveillance, and force protection surveillance.

FLIR.COM/MTRANGERHDCMS CONTENTS

CONTENTS:

Editor-in-Chief: MAIN BATTLE TANK M.Sc. Bjørn Domaas Josefsen A cornerstone in Europe’s land defence 2

APS TOTAL WAR Trophy active protection system on German Leopard 2 tanks 6 IN THE CYBER DOMAIN NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) 7 The entire civilised world, with the possible exception of a mr. DonAs the number of lives lost in war has been reduced during recent years, CYFOR the war in cyberspace is raging at full strength, and spreading to ever The Storting wants to increase the defensive capability new areas. In recent years, the cyber war has spread to include the of CYFOR 14 exertion of influence by foreign states on large population sections, to promote both commercial and political interests. PATRIOT The Swedish Patriot project enters a new phase 16 In the middle of all this, the cyber war continues to target critical infrastructure and how this infrastructure can be destroyed, or even BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY worse, controlled by a foreign power. AND TRADE Upgrading 3D radars of Navy 19 Not least, the traditional cyber battle continues over information content, Patria AMVXP 8x8 test vehicles to Japan 20 such as insight into political and business processes, private and public European Patrol 22 databases, and perhaps most of all, access to sensitive technology. Development contract for STADT 27 Temperature chambers mounted on a trailer 30 Protecting information is becoming more and more demanding. Next generation Visby 32

As early as several years ago, the hacker kids in the basement were NGAD replaced by professional, “state-employed cyber warriors”, with America’s next generation airborne weapon systems 35 regulated working hours and orderly pay and pension schemes. In addition to the persons involved in this thievery being highly educated, B-1B LANCER professional players, the technology development is also working in B-1B Lancers training in Norway 38 favour of the information thieves. So-called Quantum computers will in the very near future be capable of breaking just about any kind of codes, RED HAWK passwords and encryptions. And this development just continues. Production of T-7A Red Hawk 40

Nobody believes that this cyber war is going to stop any time soon. And for the nations of the West, it is natural to seek solutions together, to share information, technology, and knowledge, in order to resist cyber-attacks. In the same manner that Western countries have been cooperating through NATO on traditional defence for more than 70 years, we are now seeing NATO members and NATO partner countries standing shoulder to shoulder in the cyber war. The American CMMC initiative (CMMC = CyberSecurity Maturity Model Certification, cf. article page 10), which requires of suppliers to the US military that they certify the supplier’s cyber security, means that requirements and systems are being developed to increase cyber security across nations. Presumably, other allied nations will soon be using similar systems for their defence supplies.

But the cyber war is targeting all walks of society, not merely the defence sector and the defence industry, but all spheres of industry, financial environments, civilian infrastructure, the health sector and even individuals. In short, cyber-attacks are directed against the whole of society, and defending against cyber-attacks will require the whole of society to be involved. Applying military terminology, one would say that the cyber war is a total war, and it requires full mobilization. COVERPHOTO: A Leopard 2A7 during winter trials Leopard 2A7 was introduced in 2017, and is the most recent Accordingly, for the years to come, we should expect that not just the version of the Leopard 2 main battle tank. defence industry will be required to certify cyber security, but that Photo: KMW similar requirements will be applied to all parts of society.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 1 LEOPARD 2 MAIN BATTLE TANK

The Leopard 2A7 is the most recent version of the Leopard 2 main battle tank.

LEOPARD 2 MAIN BATTLE TANK: A CORNERSTONE IN EUROPE’S LAND DEFENCE

All the way since the Cold War, the Leopard 2 main battle tank has been among the cornerstones in the land defence of Europe. Today, no less than 12 nations in Europe are operating the Leopard 2 battle tanks: Austria, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, , Switzerland, Finland, Poland, , and Sweden. Further to this, Hungary is also in the process of procuring the Leopard 2. Beyond the European countries, operators of the Leopard 2 also include Canada, Chile, Indonesia, Singapore, Qatar and Turkey.

2 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 LEOPARD 2 MAIN BATTLE TANK

for different countries, meaning that e.g. a rect, says a KMW spokesman. The weight of Danish Leopard 2A5 is not necessarily the today’s model of the A7 varies between 61 same as a German or Swedish Leopard 2A5. and 65 tons. However, the A7 is prepared However, the wearing parts are the same. for a weight of close to and over 70 tons, in that the engine and drive line, springs and User driven development suspension etcetera have been renewed, and A major part of the upgrades of the Leop- all have the capacity to support the battle ard 2 through the years has come about as tank even if the weight should climb to the a result of requests from the user nations, mentioned 71 tons. With this, the A7 ver- in the form of what is often refered to as sion is prepared for future weight increas- the Leopard 2 Users’ Club. es, that may come as a result of additional In the Users’ Club, several of the Euro- equipment, add-on armour etc. pean user countries meet on a regular basis, to discuss new threats, new technological New engine, while users possibilities, as well as quite simple things favour the old like new sensors etcetera. The user group A new drive motor has also been developed will make a decision on what needs to be for the Leopard 2, the so-called EuroPow- done, and what suggestions are rejected, and erPack. This is as of today just a prototype. determines the distribution of development – Even if the EuroPowerPack engine is costs and such matters. In this manner, the both lighter and smaller, and the power is continuous development of the Leopard 2 has mostly the same as the original MTU engine, to a great extent been promoted by the users. the users have so far shown no interest in An example is the development of a mine the new engine, states the KMW spokesman. protection kit. Five nations, that is Norway, - The MTU engine of today, which is to all Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands and Swit- intents and purposes identical to the original zerland, conducted in 2003 a joint analysis from 40 years back, is tested through and of the threat posed by mines, IED’s etcetera, through, and is a known entity to the users. and concluded that something needed to be The possibility of interoperability with other done. The nations reached an agreement on Leopard 2 users when it comes to workshop the spread of costs, and a mine protection kit facilities and repairs, as well as spare parts was developed and made in Germany. When and training, is why the users still favour the Canada, with reference to their use of the good old workhorse engine. Leopard 2 in Afghanistan, came to us with a query regarding mine protection, we were Main gun able to deliver this almost instantaneously in The main armament on the Leopard 2 is the 2007, due precisely to the initiative of the Rheinmetall L55 120mm. For the Leopard five user nations a few years earlier. 2A7, the newly developed L55 A1 version has been introduced, with the capacity for Leopard 2A7 higher pressure. The Leopard 2A7 is the most recent version of the Leopard 2 main battle tank. Photo: KMW The Leopard 2A7 was introduced in 2017, Rheinmetall has also been working on a and is the latest and most recent version of 130mm cannon for almost 20 years now, and the Leopard 2 main battle tank. have finally come up with a prototype. This Continuous development So far, both Germany and Denmark have gun may be a candidate for the next genera- The development of the LEOPARD was ini- started the process of upgrading their earlier tion of battle tanks, but no decision has been tiated early in the 1960’s, while it was not models to the level of the A7. Denmark is made yet. It seems as new and much larger until the 1970’s that the development gained upgrading her A5 battle tanks to A7 level, gun will call for a number of compromises to momentum, resulting in the first Leopard 2 while Germany is upgrading various models be made. Not just the wight of the cannon, battle tank entering service in 1979. of its Leopard 2 fleet to the A7 level. Other but perhaps even more important, the added The full story about the development of nations, such as Hungary and Qatar, have weight and size of the ammunition, will pose the Leopard 2 is pretty long. Ever since the elected to procure brand new Leopard 2A7 major design challenges. first Leopard 2 battle tank entered operative battle tanks off the production line. If a 130mm cannon is to be mounted on service in 1979, the further development The upgrade to A7 level means in many existing battle tanks, a whole new turret will of the Leopard 2 has been more or less a ways that the users are getting an almost be required. Besides, there is a widespread continuous process. The newest and current whole new tank, including a total engine uncertainty about how effective the 130mm version is designated the Leopard 2A7, while overhaul, renewed drive line, and new cannon will actually be against enemy battle several countries are operating the version suspension systems etc. tanks. As of this date, no new 130mm am- numbers of A4, A5, and A6. Even though the munition is available, and both development name may be the same, there are substantial Weight and verification of new ammunition take time innovation steps between the different ver- – Much has been said about the weight of the before production can start. It will probably sions of the Leopard 2 main battle tank. It A7 version of the Leopard and some sources take at least upwards of ten years before the should furthermore be noted that the same have claimed that the A7 version weighs in 130mm cannon is viable and a whole new versions may also have different variations at more than 70 tons. This is simply not cor- generation of battle tanks will then be likely.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 3 LEOPARD 2 MAIN BATTLE TANK

Secondary weapons active protection, but so far only Germany tank or the turret at several locations in The secondary weapons are user specified, has placed a firm order, and then only for Norway, explains the KMW spokesman. but as of today, a standard 7.62-millimetre a modest number of her Leopard 2 tanks. However, this will be up to the wishes and machine gun is used on most of the Leop- preferences of Norway. ard 2 battle tanks. Sensors KMW can also foresee the possibility As of today KMW has received an order In the Users’ Club, a continuing subject for Norway to participate indirectly in the for additional secondary weapon only from is that of sensors and technology. For the Leopard 2A7 programme. The integration of one customer; this came from Qatar, who A7, all the users have opted for the same the Kongsberg integrated combat solution wanted a remote-controlled weapons station sensors and the same technology, both for in particular may be the closest to hand. If on all of its main battle tanks. the shooter and for the vehicle command- Norway chooses to integrate this system on er, in line with what the Users’ Group has her battle tanks, this may open the door to Armour arrived at. This applies to the main aim- selling this solution to other nations in the The armour protection on the Leopard ing equipment and the central parts of the future. A prerequisite for this to succeed 2 was stepped up significantly from the on-board systems. Some countries have is that the Norwegian battle tanks carry Leopard 2A4 to the Leopard 2A5 version. chosen various pieces of optional or add- this system on board, and demonstrate This was to raise the level of protection on equipment, while this has no bearing to other nations the added value for the against enemy cannon fire from their bat- on the main systems in the battle tanks. interoperability together with the CV90, tle tanks. For the A6 and A7, protection Most countries have during joint exercises artillery, F-35 aircraft and so on. Only has been improved again, among other experienced the value of having identical then will the full potential be revealed to things with the use of new materials. It vital elements on board the various na- the other nations. should be noted that Sweden wanted bet- tions’ tanks. ter protection of the main battle tank on For the day-and-night cameras for the the roof, for their A5 battle tanks. This driver, the different user nations have to FACTS AND FIGURES separates the Swedish A5 vehicles from some extent had particular specifications, other A5 tanks. opting for different solutions. Sometimes a LEOPARD 2 IN SHARP OPERATIONS The Leopard A7 comes with a standard user country might prefer for these systems The first time the LEOPARD 2 was used package for armour and passive protection. to be the same as that used by other vehicles in a sharp conflict was in 1999, when The standard package for passive protection in the defence of that country. Germany deployed 28 Leopard 2A5 to is geared towards tank-to-tank protection. Kosovo. Later on, the Dutch contingent KMW can also offer different supplemental Industrial collaboration to Bosnia-Hercegovina operated a number of Leopard 2A4 and 2A5. packs, such as protection against RPG and The Leopard 2 programme has extensive other types of anti-armour weaponry, de- experience from industrial collaboration. I 2006, Canada deployed a suite of pending on the customer´s requirements. For a number of years, the chassis and body Leopard C2 battle tanks to Afghanistan. These systems are interchangeable and can for the Leopard 2 has been manufactures The Leopard C2 was an upgrade of the Leopard C1. (Leopard C1 corresponds be installed and detached again as needed. in Greece, and the Swedish Leopard 2A5 to the Leopard 1A3). However, the were at the time made in co-operation with Canadian C2 battle tanks were pushing Active protection Hägglunds of Önskiöldsvik, some 400 kms the age of 30 years when they were To date, the only order for active protection – 250 miles – north of Stockholm. deployed, and the Canadian Army soon has come from the . A number – We are envisioning for example doing found out that the operational effec- of countries have indicated an interest in the final assembly of either the complete tiveness of these vehicles was rather limited. Canada then chose to borrow 20 units of the Leopard 2A6 from Germany LEOPARD 2 A7 NO including the mine protection kit, and the first of these vehicles came to Af- Crew size: 4 ghanistan in August of 2007. In October ENGINE: of the same year, even Denmark went in Max. reverse / forward: with Leopard 2A5 to support her forces 28 km/h / 60 km/h MTU Multi-fuel power pack 1,500 hp in the southern part of Afghanistan. Forward slope: 60 % MAIN GUN: Side slope: 30 % The most extensive sharp operations Fully stabilized smooth bore 120 mm with Leopard 2 took place in 2016, when Ditch crossing: 3.0 m long version (L55 A1) Turkey went into Syria in an attempt Vertical obstacle: 1.05 m Vertical elevation: –7.4º up to +17.4º to take down the Islamic State (ISIL). Fording: up to 4.0 m Horizontal n x 360° Turkey disposes of 354 of the old Leop- Ammunition: 42 rounds Fuse programmable high explosive ard 2A4 version, and a number of these Multi-purpose grenade launcher ammunition were sent to take part in the conflict in system 12 x 76 mm Syria. It is estimated that a total of ten Length (12 o’clock position): SECONDARY GUN: Turkish Leopard battle tanks were de- 10,968 mm Coaxial MG fully stabilized stroyed, some by anti-armour weaponry, Width: 3,774 mm GPMG, 7.62 mm and some by improvised explosive de- Height (PERI): 3,180 mm vices (IED) in Syria during the period of SECONDARY GUN: 2016 to 2017. This is the greatest number Weight: 61.5 t – 64.3 t Coaxial MG fully stabilized of Leopard 2 battle tanks that have been NBC protection system GPMG, 7.62 mm destroyed in any conflict.

4 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 Navigation and pointing in GNSS-denied environments. French industrial group, leader in inertial navigation systems, iXblue equips more than 60 armies and navies Advans Series around the world. Its rugged and field-proven solutions Combat-proven for artillery systems provide highly-accurate and reliable FOG Inertial navigation and pointing information in the most Navigation Systems demanding and harsh environments. r e t x e N y b

8 x 8

R A S E A C

: d e r u t c i P APS TROPHY ACTIVE PROTECTION SYSTEM ON GERMAN LEOPARD 2 TANKS

Developed by Rafael in response to an- ti-armour attacks, TROPHY APS provides mature, combat-proven protection against rocket and missile threats and simultane- ously locates the origin of the hostile fire for immediate response. TROPHY is the only fully-integrated, combat-proven APS in the world and has been installed on Israel Defense Forces’ Merkava tanks since 2010, as well as on the Namer APCs. TROPHY has made numerous combat interceptions with no injuries to crews or dismounted troops or damage to platforms since its first operational interception in 2011. TROPHY has accrued over 1,000,000 operating hours, including 5,400 successful field tests, and is Ill. Rafael now under contract for serial production of over 1,800 systems. sraeli defence industry group Rafael The German Army plans to successively In January, Rafael and partner DRS an- Advanced Defense Systems announced equip a number of its tanks with active pro- nounced that they had completed the delivery Iin February that the German Federal tection systems in light of the threat posed of TROPHY Active Protection Systems (APS) Ministry of Defence has decided to equip by modern anti-tank weapons. The systems ordered by the U.S. Army for installation on the ’s Leopard 2 MBTs with will be delivered over the next several years. Abrams main battle tanks, under contracts Rafael’s TROPHY Active Protection Sys- Krauss-Maffei Wegmann is the contractor awarded on an urgent need basis by the US tems (APS). to install Trophy components on the tanks. Army.

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SAFRAN ELECTRONICS & DEFENSE, DEFENSE, & ELECTRONICS SAFRAN INTELLIGENCE ONBOARD ONBOARD INTELLIGENCE Day after day, you face critical challenges. The products and services services and products The challenges. critical face you day, after Day developed by Safran Electronics & Defense, whether civil or military, deliver deliver military, or civil whether Defense, & Electronics Safran by developed the technological superiority, effectiveness, reliability and competitiveness competitiveness and reliability effectiveness, superiority, technological the you expect. We’re with you every step of the way, building in the intelligence intelligence the in building way, the of step every you with We’re expect. you that gives you a critical advantage in observation, decision-making and and decision-making observation, in advantage critical a you gives that guidance. You can count on Safran Electronics & Defense, your strategic safran-electronics-defense.com safran-electronics-defense.com strategic your Defense, & Electronics Safran on count can You guidance. partner on land, at sea, in the air and in space. : @SafranElecDef @SafranElecDef : space. in and air the in sea, at land, on partner +45 5943 0300 | [email protected] | www.med.dk

K2 : Neste generasjons stridsvogn er klar for konkurransen

K2 er en av de mest avanserte stridsvognene i verden. Den nyutviklede stridsvognen er basert på banebrytende teknologi. Kombinasjonen av velprøvd og moderne europeisk og koreansk tekno- logi gir stridsvognen det høyeste nivået av beskyttelse, ildkraft og mobilitet.

K2 s unike egenskaper gjør at vognen er svært godt tilpasset den krevende norske topografi med daler og utfordrende fjellområder. Dette, kombinert med det moderne designet til K2, gjør denne stridsvognen til det beste valget med en levetid på mer enn 30 år understøttet av en stabil og pålitelig logistikk. Samtidig kan Norge se frem til økt deltagelse fra norsk industri som igjen bidrar til økt forsyningssikkerhet og beredskap.

Det er bra at Norge anskaffer nye stridsvogner gjennom åpen konkurranse. Ved å teste de forskjel- lige stridsvognene mot hverandre under norske forhold, får Norge et klart og tydelig bilde av hvil- ken stridsvogn som best møter Norges langsiktige behov.

K2 er klar for konkurransen.

Hyundai Rotem is representet in the Nordic Region by Military Equipment Denmark A/S NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

N o rw e g i a N D e f e N c e a ND S e c u r i t y i ND u S t r i e S a SS o c i at i o N (fSi) THE LEADING ASSOCIATION IN NORWAY ADVOCATING THE INTERESTS OF ITS SECTOR, AND THE PRIMARY INTERLOCUTOR FOR THE GOVERNMENT IN MATTERS OF IMPORTANCE TO THE INDUSTRY. AFFILIATED WITH THE CONFEDERATION OF NORWEGIAN ENTERPRISE (NHO) AND REPRESENTING MORE THAN 100 COMPANIES

SAMARBEID FOR ET HØYTEKNOLOGISK OG FREMTIDSRETTET FORSVAR or litt over ett år siden landet, som særlig i de første at samarbeidet mellom forsvars- Strategien regjeringen fore- ble de mest inngripende månedene av krisen opplevde en sektoren og forsvarsindustrien slår er et godt utgangspunkt Ftiltakene i Norge siden 2. svært dramatisk markedssvikt i skal videreutvikles og styrkes. for å legge til rette for at norsk verdenskrig iverksatt. Usikker- segmenter som olje og gass og Strategien legger opp til å forsvarsindustri skal bli bedre i heten om konsekvensene av maritim industri, hatt stor nytte videreføre hovedlinjene i gjel- stand til å møte utfordringene pandemien var stor, også i for- av forutsigbare langsiktige leve- dene strategi ved å forsterke til- den står overfor, slik at indus- svarsindustrien. Så langt har ranser til forsvarsprogrammer tak som har dokumentert virk- trien forblir en viktig bidrags- forsvarsindustrien unngått om- både i inn- og utland. ning. I tillegg introduseres en yter til nasjonal sikkerhet og fattende konsekvenser. At myn- De langsiktige konsekven- rekke nye tiltak som industrien verdiskapning med interessante dighetene lyttet til industriens sene av pandemien for forsvar- har etterspurt. Det legges opp og attraktive høyteknologiske behov og raskt iverksatte tiltak sindustrien og det internasjona- til en helhetlig tilnærming fra arbeidsplasser i små og store for å dempe de negative effek- le forsvarsmarkedet er fortsatt forskning og utvikling frem til bedrifter i hele landet. tene av krisen var avgjørende. uavklarte. Mer proteksjonisme gjennomføring av anskaffelser, Det er en ambisiøs strate- Bedriftene har klart å holde pro- ser vi allerede antydninger til. levetidsunderstøttelse og vide- gi som forutsetter endringer i duksjonen i gang, og å sikre at Dersom forsvarsbudsjettene blir reutvikling. Regelverk, prosesser måten industrien og Forsvaret både Forsvaret og allierte lands salderingspost for å dekke inn og prosedyrer for investeringer samhandler på, betydelige in- forsvar har fått sine leveranser. budsjettunderskuddene som til- og anskaffelser skal forenkles. vesteringer i forskning og ut- Situasjonen som pandemien har takspakkene medfører, må det Regjeringen varsler tiltak vikling, at både personell og skapt har bidratt til å synliggjø- forventes ytterligere tilstram- særlig rettet mot å legge til rette materiell stilles til disposisjon re at norsk forsvarsindustri og minger. Det er derfor grunn for at Forsvaret i større grad skal for konseptutviklings- og ek- eksport av forsvarsmateriell fra til å anta at det internasjonale kunne samhandle med små- og sperimenteringsaktivteter og Norge er viktige bidrag til alli- forsvarsmarkedet blir enda mer mellomstore bedrifter. I denne mer ressurser til å støtte eksport ansens beredskap og sikkerhet. krevende når pandemien er til- forbindelse vises det til at kon- av forsvarsmateriell. Erfaringene viser også at bakelagt. septutvikling og eksperimen- Forutsatt at tilgangen på forsvarsindustrien kan bidra Uavhengig av pandemien, tering, i samvirke med bruker- ressurser står i forhold til ambi- til verdiskapning og aktivitet påvirkes forsvarsindustriens om- miljøene i Forsvaret, skal bidra sjonene og at tiltakene iverkset- i industrien når mange andre givelser av globale sikkerhets- til dette. tes hurtig og med tilstrekkelig bransjer blir hardt rammet. Da politiske utviklingstrekk og en Viktigheten av eksport, både kraft, ligger det godt til rette mye annen virksomhet brem- teknologisk utvikling som går av hensynet til nasjonale sikker- for at strategiens målsetting kan set kraftig opp, holdt forsvar- raskere enn noen gang. Dette hetsinteresser og forsvarsindus- bli oppfylt. Det forutsetter at sindustrien aktiviteten i gang i er bakteppet når regjeringen nå triens behov for kontinuerlig behandlingen i Stortinget bi- mange bedrifter i hele landet. har lagt frem en oppdatert for- aktivitet, understrekes. Støtten drar til å sikre fortsatt stabi- Langsiktige kontrakter med sol- svarsindustriell strategi: ”Sam- til eksport av forsvarsmateriell le og forutsigbare rammebe- vente offentlige kunder og sam- arbeid for et høyteknologisk og fra Norge skal videreføres og tingelser som gjør det mulig for arbeid med store internasjonale fremtidsrettet forsvar” (Meld styrkes, gjennom blant annet forsvarsindustrien å fortsette forsvarsleverandører, gjør for- St. 17 (2020-2021)). Strategien målrettet bruk av nye virkemid- å satse i Norge. Bredest mulig svarsindustrien bedre rustet til å tydeliggjør i enda større grad ler. I denne forbindelse slås det politisk oppslutning om stra- komme gjennom kriser, slik den enn gjeldene strategi (Meld. St. fast at krav om forpliktende in- tegien i Stortinget vil være et vi nå opplever, enn mange andre 9 (2015-2016)), sammenhen- dustrisamarbeidsavtaler, som en godt utgangspunkt for å sikre bransjer. Dette har hele den gen mellom forsvarsindustrien, integrert del av anskaffelseskon- at «Samarbeid for et høytekno- norske forsvarsindustriklyngen nasjonale sikkerhetsinteresser, trakten, vil bli videreført ved logisk og fremtidsrettet forsvar» erfart. Ikke minst har mange forsyningssikkerhet og materiell- anskaffelser av forsvarsmateriell styrker både nasjonal sikkerhet mindre underleverandører i hele beredskap. Regjeringen slår fast fra utenlandske leverandører. og norsk forsvarindustri.

P.O. Box 5250 Majorstuen, Tel: + 47 23 08 80 00 E-mail: [email protected] NO- 0303 Oslo. NORWAY Telefax: + 47 23 08 80 18 Internet: www.fsi.no

10 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 6/2019 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 9 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) CMMC: CYBERSECURITY

MATURITY MODEL CERTIFICATION

CMMC is a freshly developed model for the assessment and certification of suppliers’ level in terms of cyber security. The model will be compulsory for all suppliers to the US armed forces, and for all subcontractors to companies that are suppliers to the US military.

he USA is the Norwegian But the Norwegian defence mar- – Today, we are all connect- communities and authorities, defence industry’s most ket is not big enough to sustain ed to each other through the to face up to this development. Timportant export market, the industry, so the Norwegian internet, and often there is only and it therefore came as no sur- defence industry is dependent a single password that protects Sharing experiences prise that there was considerable on exports. Norway and the USA our data from being available to Jan Kopperud and Anja Heggem interest when the FSI arranged are very close allies, and although everyone who is on-line. Uncov- from Kongsberg, Kent Nilsen a cyber seminar on CMMC in the American defence market ering passwords is the easiest and from Nammo and Hans Petter January. More than 100 delegates is important for Norwegian in- most common way for intruders Thomassen from Kitron presented attended the seminar, with key- dustry, Krutnes explained, the to intrude on company or pri- the CMMC work that is going on note speakers in both Norway Norwegian defence industry has vate data. And unfortunately, in their companies, and the ex- and the United States. also contributed to the creation passwords are often quite easy periences they have made so far. The conference was opened of thousands of jobs in the USA. to guess; we have a penchant for All three companies began by by the Norwegian Ambassador Katie Arrington, the Chief using passwords of the easiest explaining that they have a strong to the US, Anniken Krutnes, who Information Security Officer to type, like a favourite colour, the focus on CMMC, and that they focused her address on the stra- the Assistant Secretary of Defense name of the street where we grew initially aimed to gain CMMC tegic importance for Norway of for Acquisition, explained the up or live today, the name of the certification within about a year. the Norwegian defence industry. backdrop for the CMMC model. spouse, and so on. However, all three companies had – Those who are really inter- also experienced that the process FACTS AND FIGURES: ested in your company, do not takes time, so the time frame is penetrate the firewalls just to somewhat uncertain. In addition, CMMC steal drawings, data and prod- all three companies placed strong uct information, but they look emphasis on training their own CMMC stands for “CyberSecurity Maturity Model Certification” and is a unifying standard for the implementation of cyber-security across the for and steal everything that is personnel. Defence Industrial Base (DIB). The CMMC framework includes a com- available, such as overview and Hans Petter Thomassen from prehensive and scalable certification element to verify the implementa- personal data about employees, Kitron summed up his presenta-

tion of processes and practices associated with the achievement of a subcontractors etc. When Chi- tion like this: cyber-security maturity level. na a few years ago presented a – We have essentially under- The theft of intellectual property and sensitive information from all indus- fighter jet that was remarkably gone the same deliberations as trial sectors due to malicious cyber-activity threatens economic security similar to the F-35, we found Kongsberg and Nammo. Training and national security. Estimates have concluded that malicious cyber-ac- that this was no accident. Chi- is the key to success. We must tivity cost the US economy between 57 and 109 bn USD. The global cost na had penetrated the chain of realise that the cyber threat has of cyber-crime was estimated as high as USD 600 bn in 2017. supply for F-35 production. come to stay, and this means The more than 300 000 companies in the supply chain of the US armed We accordingly have a need to we cannot rely only on external forces (The Defence Industrial Base, DIB) is one of the main targets of be able to monitor the supply consultants to deal with this. We the malicious cyber actors. chain of our defence supplies, have to build the competence in CMMC is designed to provide increased assurance to the Department and this is where CMMC enters our own organization and be able that a DIB company can adequately protect sensitive unclassified the picture. to involve the entire organization information, accounting for information flow down to subcontractors in a – Even the technological de- in this work. multi-tier supply chain. velopments are working against Thomassen concluded by The US office of the Under Secretary of Defence for acquisition and us when it comes to cyber secu- emphasizing that for a high-tech Sustainment has developed the CyberSecurity Maturity Model Certifi- rity. Under development today company like Kitron, which re- cation (CMMC) framework. The CMMC model measures cyber-security are so-called quantum comput- ceives more than 40,000 different maturity with five levels and aligns a set of processes and practices with ers, which will be able to break components from a large number the type of sensitivity of information to be protected . The CMMC model is based on multiple cybersecurity standards, frameworks and other through every kind of encryp- of subcontractors, cyber security references. tion. Here we really need to work in the supply chain is one of the together, both industry, research really big challenges.

10 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

HACKING4ALLIES: EXPERIENCES

FROM THE PILOT PROJECT

Hacking 4Allies (H4A) is a programme designed to help Norwegian defence and security startups grow and enter the U.S. market. The program sources problems common to both the U.S. and Norwegian national security and defence, to help Norwegian technology startups address these problems.

t the end of February, a foreign supplier to the Ameri- can support and assist each other all presented their experiences. these co-operating part- can Armed Forces is much more if one or more of the businesses All the businesses agreed that the ners co-hosted a webinar favourable than it was just a few choose to make a play for the programme had been an extreme- A for the presentation of experienc- short years ago. international market. ly useful learning experience. Not es and opportunities in the H4A – The USA has begun to least, the companies had been for Norwegian industry compa- understand the meaning and Favourable able to develop and participate nies. The backdrop consisted value of allies. This has come experiences in a valuable network. Two of the of experiences from the initial about not least due to China’s The four businesses who took businesses even signed contracts H4A pilot programme. This pilot ever-increasing ability to position part in the H4A pilot programme, on the investor side. programme was organised by itself in high-tech and academic FFI and Innovation Norway, and environments, Blank concluded. four Norwegian SMB companies Torgeir Mørkved from FFi took part: Alva Industries, Exitus, concluded that the pilot pro- Fieldmade, and Ubiq Aerospace. gramme had been a success, and The webinar was opened by that work was now ongoing with Ms Anniken Krutnes, the Norwe- future H4A programmes. gian ambassador to the USA, who – The need for technological noted in her address that Norway innovation is greater today than is a unique ally to the USA on when we started four years ago, many counts, and that the USA and the globalization of technol- and Norway have a long-stand- ogy has increased the difficulty ing tradition for working well of standing the course alone. together. The Ambassador made Alliances are therefore essential

a particular point of noting that in the race to stay at the cutting Norwegian defence industry has edge of technology, while also created more than 1000 jobs in keeping up further development. Ubiq Aerospace participated in the in the H4A pilot program. One the USA. – The pilot programme was of Ubiq´s main products is D-ICE , an intelligent ice detection and Professor Steve Blank, a Sili- particularly directed towards mitigation solution for unmanned aircraft. Ill. Ubiq con Valley entrepreneur, opened special forces and their equally his statement by commenting special needs. For the next round, FACTS AND FIGURES: that becoming a supplier to the we are envisioning a broader US Armed Forces is not for the approach, with a view to Arctic H4A faint of heart. It can take several operations. We are thinking that Hacking 4 Allies (H4A) is a collaboration between Innovation Norway, years just to find out exactly how the early phases of the programme The Norwegian Defense Research Establishment (FFI), The Norwe- to start the process. – My advice should be conducted in Norway, gian-American Defense & Homeland Security Industry Council (NADIC), to Norwegian businesses who are in collaboration with ICE Worx. BMNT Partners, and the Royal Norwegian Embassy. considering an entry into the US ICE Worx is the FFI’s cen- market, is to provide people with tre for innovation, intended to as much training and education stimulate and promote broader FACTS AND FIGURES: home in Norway as possible. collaboration and facilitate for Secondly, companies should start more experimentation within the NADIC to create hubs, where they can be defence sector, while forwarding The Norwegian-American Defense & Homeland Security Industry Coun- of assistance to each other and the development and use of more cil (NADIC) is a trade association that has been established to develop draw on the others’ experiences, efficient tools and processes. In the business and research cooperation between the Norwegian and good and bad. And programmes this manner, the centre will be American related industries. NADIC studies relevant opportunities and like H4A are also valuable tools. contributing to better materiel facilitates stronger ties between Norway and the United States, while Every kind of programme like and technological solutions for encouraging a fair competitive environment in U.S. markets. this will shorten the process of the Armed Forces. NADIC seeks to enhance existing relationships by promoting awareness entering the US market. – Through this work, we are of capabilities, products and services offered by the Norwegian defence Steve Blank also opined that hoping to build a group for inno- and security community. the climate for being accepted as vative Norwegian businesses who

10 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 6/2019 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 11 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN INDUSTRY DAY

NATO SUPPORT AND PROCUREMENT AGENCY (NSPA)

n early March and under the NSPA Chief of Market re- present, and potential vendors, pany like NorLense. I think for auspices of the Norwegian search and industry information, including performance and ca- the future, it should be possible IMinistry of Defence, the FSi Mr. Carlos Ferrer Lopez, present- pabilities. The information regis- to make the procurement portal a together with the NSPA arranged ed NSPA and emphasised the tered in the Source File supports bit more automatic when it comes a web seminar about NSPA and importance of having the industry the source selection for NSPA’s to the publication of business how Norwegian Industry can understand the procurement procurement as well as the de- opportunities. approach this huge procurement procedures and ways of thinking termination on the eligibility of - It important to have correct, agency. among the NSPA. a company for the award of a updated registrations. There are GEO of FSi, Torbjørn Svens- - At the outset, we are always contract. a lot of tenders issued through gård gave a brief presentation looking to get the best possible Source Identification Section NSPA, but also some opportuni- of Norwegian Defence industry value; that is our baseline. Nor- Chief Mr. Enzo Silvestro gave ties by invitation only, and if you and stated that over the years, mally, we do most of our pur- a presentation of NSPA source are correctly registered, you have several Norwegian companies chasing from NATO countries, file, and strongly suggested for a better chance of getting these have had deliveries to NSPA. – including in some cases also businesses to get registered in invitations. Still, we believe that there are NATO partner countries. the database ahead of time, since Fivelstad also underscored more Norwegian companies In closing, Ferrer Lopez un- time is often of the essence when the information of the RFI (Re- who have a potential for a NSPA derscored that the time frames the request arises. quest for Information), and rec- contract, and these companies for NSPA procurements can often And not least, Silvestro added ommended for companies to should look into the possibil- be tight, and for businesses with pointedly, make sure you keep be very active in responding to ities here. a wish to participate in future the registry information up to these, with a particular view to And as for 2019, Norway or- contests, it is important to become date, with regard to changes to correctness and deadlines. – Enter dered 70 million Euro in materiel familiar with the procedures and contact persons, new product as much technical information and services through the NSPA processes of the NSPA beforehand. types, technology advances, new as possible, and make sure you system, and Norwegian industry owners etcetera. are presenting the unique selling did only get contracts for 42 NSPA Source File Almost all requests for pro- points and advantages of your million Euro, so the balance is The NSPA Source File is a cen- posals or information are pub- product. not in Norway´s favour. tralised database containing past, lished through our website. We When the RFP (Request for also always chase capabilities Proposal) comes in, be aware that

within NATO countries, com- these require extensive prepara- panies that are both registered tion, so make your start well be- in a NATO country and do the fore the deadline. Also make sure main part of their manufacturing you provide accurate information, within a NATO country. You answer all questions, backing it can subcontract some of your up with correct, relevant, and production outside NATO, but updated documentation. not from industry in countries - Furthermore, be conscious The company NorLense has delivered inflatable tents to NSPA for use under communist control like, about packaging, transport and in Estonia. Photo: NorLense for instance, China. delivery of the product, both in terms of the technical implemen- NorLense tation and not least the costs. FACTS AND FIGURES: The company NorLense has de- Make sure you are aware of the About NSPA livered inflatable tents to NSPA applicable rules for tax and duties for use in Estonia. for the country where delivery The NATO Support and Procurement Agency (NSPA) brings together, in – We have a quite unique will be made. a single organization, acquisition, logistic, medical and infrastructural ca- product, but still, we have com- Fivelstad used his closing pabilities. As NATO’s primary enabler, the Agency’s mission is to provide petitors, Rune Fivelstad from remark to emphasise that a good effective and cost efficient multinational solutions to the Alliance, its thirty Nations and Partners. NorLense stated as an intro- NSPA delivery is a first-rate refer- duction, adding that an NSPA ence for the product. – And not Headquartered in Luxembourg, NSPA is a customer-funded agency, oper- contract is not just handed over least, when we set up the camp ating on a “no profit - no loss” basis. The business activity has grown to you for free. with the tents and our equipment nearly fourfold in the last decade, reaching an annual business volume – To follow the opportunities in Estonia, we were subject to of €4 billion. published by NSPA, you have to close scrutiny from users in other Over 60,000 companies are registered in the NSPA source file, of which be active in their website on a NATO countries, and this is the 10,000 are actively doing business with NSPA’s customers. weekly basis. And this is quite best marketing promotion we challenging for a medium com- can get.

12 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

| METRONOR AS

Metronor AS was established in 1988 and has since then developed and installed dimensional inspection and process monitoring metrology systems to support some of the largest and most renowned global corporations, ensuring that parts fit together the very first time.

n 2006 the company spun west of Oslo. Local sales and off a business unit address- support are also provided out of Iing boresight requirements offices in Beijing, Saarbrucken/ for military vehicles like fighter Germany and Detroit. In total the and trainer aircrafts, as well as company employs 23 persons. combat and utility helicopters. The company is a Norwegian The company is now about to business entity with pension funds expand this business to include and private investors as owners. land-based combat vehicle plat- forms, providing means for more The company’s accurate target acquisition. involvement in the defence market The company’s Metronor’s defence product range technology and (boresight) is sold to end-custom- products ers (air forces) via OEM agree- Metronor possesses unique com- ments with aircraft platform petence in the field of metrology. owners or providers of Aircraft By combining advanced mathe- Ground Equipment packages. matical modelling competence Metronor’s OEM partners are BAE with metrology experience and Systems Inc., Saab Aerostructures, Military certified electro-optical alignment system. application understanding after BAE Systems Hawk program and years of working with leading Korean Aerospace Industries. – companies like Boeing, NASA, Our industrial CMM products Volkswagen, Carl Zeiss, GM, are mostly sold directly to end Volvo, BAE Systems, Korean Aero- customers like Boeing, thyssen-

space, GE Energy and more, state- krupp Marine Systems and BAE of-the-art 3D video camera-based Maritime Services. solutions have been sold and installed to our customers and FSi membership partners, offering full CMM and Metronor has been a member of bore-sight functionality on the the FSi for more than 20 years. shopfloor. As a Norwegian SMB, it is a complicated task to find relevant The company’s POCs within large defence in- organisation, dustry players’ organizations that Geometrical QC of mechanical interfaces for the International Space employees and Metronor can do business with. Station and SpaceX. owners The contact network of FSi and Metronor’s unique camera-math- their support in opening doors is ematical modelling techniques why Metronor is a member of FSi. represents the core of the com- How the company leverages pany’s product portfolio and has its membership in the FSi been transferred into a range of FSi can provide valuable configurations for sale into the advice on ongoing acquisition industrial, defence and medical programs and assist in opening market segments. The company doors to relevant players. More- has established dedicated busi- over, to facilitate meetings with ness units addressing the diverse offset representatives of compa- requirements and applications that nies doing business in Norway. these market segments represent. In addition to support from FSi, All development, production also MOD, Norwegian embassies, and customer support activities and local FSi / Innovation Norway are managed out of the corporate representatives have contributed HQ at Nesbru, Asker, just south- in the door-opening process. Boresight of the BAE Systems’ Hawk Trainer.

10 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 6/2019 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 13 CYFOR THE STORTING WANTS TO INCREASE THE DEFENSIVE CAPABILITY OF CYFOR

Over the latest few months, the Storting, several other society institutions as well as newspapers have been victims of data attacks. Russia was publicly challenged with being behind the attack on the Storting. Norwegian intelligence agencies have for many years been saying that the cyber threats are the fastest growing threats of our time. The Director of Communications for CyFor, Knut Helge Grandhagen, further states that the Storting wants a boost to the defensive capability of CyFor in terms of personnel. A notable number of digital threats are impacting on the Armed Forces regularly.

Text: Tor Husby Have the Armed Forces NATO nations are obviously able to com- become less or more mit much greater resources to the cause. ome of these are serious, while vulnerable to cyber-attacks? others are less grave and quite – The most important aspect is that as a On a par with others -Seasy to manage. The Armed Forces result of the digitalisation and the mod- In terms of proficiency and competence make an attractive target for several very ernisation of the defence, the dependence etcetera, we have nothing to be ashamed competent digital treat posers, while also on ICT support of the digital services has of. Having said this, it is also clear that de- being a target for digital intelligence gath- become greater, and the alternatives have fensive capability in many ways broadcasts ering in the more serious end of the scale. become harder to find. a message on vulnerability and endurance. Furthermore, the Armed Forces are also hit The great majority of countries are reluc- by many of the challenges facing society in Fewer alternatives tant to announce exactly what resources general, with attempts of digital crimes and Looking back to military operations in the they comprise of in this area. For this rea- digital activities. The picture, in other words, 1970’s, when radio communications failed, son, the basis for making direct compari- is many-faceted. The secret services have for there was always the option to send out a sons is weak. many years been presenting the cyber threats motorcycle messenger or using a field line. This being said, CyFor exercises and as having the fastest growth, and the picture As a result of the digitalisation and the trains on NATO-scenarios jointly with other holds several forms of threats, where crime sheer size of the Armed Forces today, the member nations and PfP countries. There is a fitting example. There is every reason to dependence on military collaboration op- have been no circumstances to suggest that believe that this threat will prevail into the erations is higher, the field size of today’s we are significantly behind others, even far and near future. units is greater, and many of these alterna- though our professional environments in the tive functions no longer carry the effective- area may be small and vulnerable. ness that they used to be able to deliver. With the pace of the modern battlefield, Is the Cyber Defence getting ordinances are not an option, nor is it ob- the necessary resources? viously a valid option to deliver messages – In my humble opinion, there is not a sin- to the F-35 with a combat message pad. gle part of the Armed Forces that is allo- Given that the threat and the dependency cated the necessary resources. The Defence is increasing, it is reasonable to conclude gets the resources that the society is willing that the risk to be managed by the cyber to spend on the defence of the nation, and defence is greater. The further digitalisation will and resolve its missions to the best of the defence will by its nature increase of its ability with the funds available. The the dependency and the risk by a few more same can be said about CyFor. degrees. However, there is a considerable number of highly skilled persons striving Parliamentary focus every day to reduce the remaining risk to But it should also be noted that the Storting an acceptable level. has these challenges sharply in its focus. There was indeed a “Roman Numeral De- What is the position of CyFor cision” in the latest long-term plan regard- in relation to our allies? ing the strengthening of CyFor in terms of – This is a demanding issue. There are personnel, connected to its defensive cyber Knut Helge Grandhagen, The Director of no current signals that we are lagging be- operations, said Knut Helge Grandhagen Communications for CyFor. Photo: CyFor hind many others, even though the bigger in conclusion.

14 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021

PATRIOT PATRIOT FOR SWEDEN: THE SWEDISH PATRIOT PROJECT ENTERS A NEW PHASE

The FMV has recently received the first deliveries for Sweden’s new air defence system. Tools and test equipment are in place for kit packaging, while electrical power plants and vehicles are next in line.

LAUNCHING A PAC-3 PATRIOT MISSILE The PAC-3 missile, one of the latest versions of the Patriot missiles is highly TEST FIRING PATRIOT AT NIGHT manoeuvrable and can reach a speed of up As of today, the Patriot system is one of very few ground-based anti-air missile systems that has to Mach 4.1 (4900km/h) proved in combat its capacity of intercepting incoming ballistic missiles. Photo: Lockheed Martin Photo: Lockheed Martin

hese are tools and test equipment that The procurement consists of three different the system a significant capability against have come in from the USA and will vehicle variants: tractors, crane trucks and ballistic missiles. As of today, the Patriot´s Tnext be packaged as kits in different container trucks. primary function within the US Army is containers. This equipment will be used in It is expected that the FMV will deliver the anti-ballistic missile missions. connection with the verification work of first firing unit to the Armed Forces during Fourteen nations are operating Patriot the first Swedish firing unit, which will be the autumn of this year, and during 2022 today: USA, The Netherlands, Germany, Japan, carried out next year. Before we have more FMV will receive firing units no. two and Israel, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, containers manufactured for the Armed three, for handing over to the Armed Forces Taiwan, Greece, Spain, South Korea, United Forces, the ones we have must be evaluated. somewhat later the same year. Delivery of Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar and Romania. In the spring of 2021, FMV will bring the fourth firing unit is expected in 2023. In addition, Poland and Sweden are in the home both heavy vehicles and powerful process of introducing the Patriot system in power plants that are part of the system. Patriot their Armed Forces. In Sweden the Patriot For the vehicles, the FMV chose to use Patriot was first introduced with in the US system will be named Luftvärnssystem 103 an existing framework agreement with the armed forces in 1984, and in Patriot’s early (Anti-air system 103). German RMMV to achieve system equality days, the system was used exclusively as an Sweden is expected to use the Patriot with other vehicles in the defence, and as anti-aircraft weapon. Further development system in an anti-missile base protection role, favourable conditions for delivery certainty of the Patriot system and introduction primary for the protection of the Swedish as possible. of new missiles over the years, has given Air Force fighter aircraft bases.

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– B u l l e t i N B o a r D f o r D e f e N c e , i ND u S t ry a ND t r a D e –

BAE Naval Guns for Belgian and Dutch Navies BAE Systems has been select- Netherlands – with the first ship ed to supply 12 Bofors 40 Mk4 scheduled for delivery to the naval guns to the Belgian and in 2024. Dutch navies as part of the The Bofors 40 Mk4 naval gun is Mine Counter Measures Vessels the latest generation in the 40mm (MCMV) program. family and is used by numerous The shipbuilding company navies and coast guards around Kership will install the guns on the world. The system was most the fleet of 12 mine hunting ves- recently selected by Finland, Swe- sels – six for Belgium, six for the den, and the United Kingdom. K130 class corvette with TRS-3D radar antenna on main mast. Ill: Hensoldt Upgrading 3D radars of Germany Navy Sensor technologies provider TRS-3D is a modular, counter- Hensoldt has secured a naval ra- measure-resistant, medium-range dar modernisation contract from air and surface surveillance sys- German procurement authority tem. Over 60 TRS-3D radars are Bundeswehr Equipment, Infor- in service with navies and coast- mation Technology and In-Ser- guards across the world. vice Support (BAAINBw). Besides K130 corvettes, TRS- Under the contract, the com- 3D radars are fitted on the US pany will upgrade the TRS-3D Coast Guard’s National Secu- Bofors 40 millimeter Mk4. Photo: radars on two rity Cutters, US Navy Littoral Braunschweig-class (K130) cor- Combat Ships, as well as Finnish vettes and an associated shore Navy and the Norwegian Coast CZG to acquire Colt facility. Guard ships. Czech firearms producer Ces- proud to include Colt, which ka Zbrojovka Group (CZG) has has stood shoulder-to-shoulder agreed to acquire 100% outstand- with the US Army for over 175 Remote Weapon Stations contract ing equity interest in US-based years, in our portfolio. The com- Kongsberg Defence & Aero- since the beginning of this cen- arms manufacturer Colt Holding. bined group will have revenues space AS (KONGSBERG) has tury. KONGSBERG has provided Under the definitive agree- in excess of $500m and presents signed a contract valued 1 030 UK with PROTECTOR RWS’s ment signed by the companies, a real small arms powerhouse” MNOK with Thales UK Ltd. since 2008, and MIV is the sev- the stake is valued for an upfront If completed, the deal would for delivery of the PROTEC- enth delivery contract includ- cash consideration of $220m. enable CZG to get significant TOR RS4 Remote Weapon Sta- ing two upgrades for the British Colt Holding is the parent production capacity in the US tions (RWS) to the British Army Armed Forces. The PROTEC- company of American firearms and Canada, as well as expand Mechanized Infantry Vehicle TOR RS4 RWS will be integrated manufacturer ‘Colt’s Manufac- its global customer base. The (MIV) program. on the British Army`s new fleet turing’ and its Canadian subsid- transaction is expected to close More than 20.000 of the PRO- of BOXER 8x8 vehicles in close iary ‘Colt Canada’. in the second quarter of this TECTOR RS family of RWS’s has cooperation with Thales UK, CZG president and chairman year. It is subject to approval been delivered to 23 countries Rheinmetall and KMW. Lubomír Kovařík said: “We are from regulatory authorities.

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MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 19 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Patria AMVXP 8x8 test vehicles to Japan Patria AMVXP 8x8 vehicles ule, and Patria is ready to pro- have been sent from Finland to vide all necessary support to the Japan for test purposes. These Japanese in the upcoming tests. vehicles are part of the Japanese Patria has been selected as Ground Self-Defense Force’s one of the competitors for the project called the Next Wheeled new 8x8 Wheeled Armored Per- Armored Vehicle operating un- sonnel Carriers (WAPCs) proj- der the Japanese Ministry of ect. The project has progressed Defense. The vehicles will be to the test phase after which the handed over to the Japanese Japanese Ministry of Defense Patria AMVXP 8X8. Photo: Patria Ministry of Defense on sched- will evaluate the vehicles.

Small networked multichannel Apache Helicopters to Kuwait Novator Solutions today an- amount of individually config- The US State Department has The Government of Kuwait nounced the release of HUGIN urable DDCs, also known as announced its approval of a pos- has made a request to purchase 200 a small footprint networked digital drop receivers, combined sible sale of AH-64E Apache He- eight AH-64E Apache Longbow multichannel receiver with 4 with the robust server-client licopters and related equipment Attack Helicopters and remanu- independent 80MHz radios architecture and optional analog to the Government of Kuwait at facture sixteen of their AH-64D sharing 512 individually config- demodulation in real-time is an estimated price of $4bn. Apache Longbow Attack Heli- urable digital downconverters, optimized for demanding appli- copters to the DDCs. The Server/Client archi- cations such as communication AH-64E con- tecture is optimized for real-time and spectrum surveillance. figuration. performance which continuous- Novator Solutions AB pro- ly streams individual channel- vides products, complete turn- ized signals in parallel to multi- key systems, and technical ple remote computers & servers. consultants within our three An AH-64D Apache HUGIN 200 is optimized to business units: Spectral Data Longbow listen to hundreds of narrow- Analysis (SDA); Control, Auto- helicopter. band communication signals at mate & Test; and Remote Mea- Photo: a low cost/signal ratio. The large surement. U.S. Army

Celebrating 50 years of Naval Innovation

We have enjoyed working on these platforms, and many more, in the last 50 years

… and are exited about the next 50 years

ELECTRONICON AS

Hillerenveien 82 5174 MATHOPEN, NORWAY

Tlf:+47) 55 30 76 60

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20 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

India develops for Saab signs Maritime Mine Counter defence forces Measures (MMCM) contract India has unveiled the locally of Israel and has a range of MuMNS delivers a new developed machine pistol ASMI around 100m. generation of mine for the defence forces. The weapon is expected to re- identification and disposal in Jointly developed by the De- place the 9mm pistols currently a powerful, modular system based on unmanned Mine fence Research and Develop- used by the defence forces. Countermeasures solutions. ment Organisation (DRDO) The gas-operated semi bull- This means operational and the , the pistol pup weighs 3kg and is capability with greater was recently displayed at an capable of firing 700 rounds per flexibility that significantly improves operational tempo, event. minute (rpm). The weapon is and reduces the cost of Mine According to local news re- expected to be used for count- Countermeasures operations ports, the machine pistol is in er-insurgency and counter-ter- and risk to personnel. the class of the series guns rorism operations. Photo: Saab Saab has received the first order Saab has received a follow on from prime contractor Thales, Follow-on contract for GlobalEye contract with the United Arab acting as System Integrator of Emirates regarding the sale of the end to end solution, for the two GlobalEye systems, Saab’s Multi-Shot Mine Neutralisation advanced airborne surveillance System (MuMNS). The order system. The order value is USD value is approximately 300 1.018 billion and the contract MSEK and deliveries of the first period is 2020-2025. systems will take place in 2022. The original contract with The order received from Thales the United Arab Emirates for is part of the Franco-British Mar- GlobalEye was signed in 2015. itime Mine Counter Measures This contract is an amendment (MMCM) programme, where to that signed in 2015. Saab will deliver mine identifi- The work will be carried out in cation and disposal systems op- GlobalEye provides simultaneous air, maritime and ground Gothenburg, Linköping, Arboga, erated from unmanned surface surveillance. It combines sophisticated radar technology with the Järfälla and Luleå in Sweden and vessels. These will serve with the ultra-long range Global 6000 aircraft from Bombardier. Photo: Saab in Centurion, South Africa. Royal Navy and .

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 21 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

European Patrol Corvette The ’s of systems and payloads, the (EDA) Steering Board has agreed EPC will primarily be tasked to support the development of a with maritime situational aware- ‘European Patrol Corvette’ (EPC). ness, surface superiority as well The corvette will be developed as power projection. as part of the Permanent Struc- , , Spain and Greece tured Cooperation (PESCO) pro- are the four PESCO participating gramme. countries involved in the EPC Early official design rendering of the EPC European Patrol Corvette. It is aimed at designing and project. The participating mem- Fincantieri and ’s 50:50 joint venture Naviris has developing a new class of mili- ber states in the project aim to partnered with Navantia for the European Patrol Corvette (EPC) tary ship for conducting various produce the first corvette pro- programme. Ill: Naviris Fincantieri / Naval Group missions. Equipped with a range totype between 2026 and 2027.

MQ-9 Reaper aircraft Slovakia to buy 17 Two More P-8A Poseidon for Australia and airmen to Romania Israel Aerospace- Air Force’s maritime patrol capa- above and below the ocean’s The US Air Force (USAF) has manufactured radar bility will be boosted with Aus- surface. forward deployed its MQ-9 systems tralia set to acquire two more The planned integration of the Reaper aircraft and positioned P-8A Poseidon surveillance and Long Range Anti-ship Missile about 90 airmen to Romania. The Slovak Ministry of Defence response aircraft, bringing the (LRASM) into Air Force capa- Based at the 71st Air Base in has received approval to procure total fleet size to 14. bility will also allow it to strike Romania’s Campia Turzii Air 17 radar systems manufactured The Government has also ap- adversary surface vessels at sig- Base, the assets will support by Israel Aerospace Industries proved sustainment funding for nificantly increased ranges. Nato operations by carrying out (IAI). The order contract value the current approved fleet of intelligence, surveillance and is €150m. three MQ-4C Triton aircraft. reconnaissance missions. The agreement also includes The Poseidon is a highly ver- The MQ-9 Reaper has an op- technology and knowledge satile, long endurance platform erational ceiling of 50,000ft, transfer. capable of a range of mission a maximum internal payload The radar systems will be ‘in- types including Maritime Intel- of 800lb and external payload teroperable with Nato defence ligence Surveillance and Recon- exceeding 3,000lb. mechanisms’. naissance and striking targets

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UK orders MBDA’s SPEAR mini-cruise missile MBDA has received a contract and in highly contested envi- valued at £550 million for pro- ronments. duction of the SPEAR missile Guided firings of SPEAR will system from the UK Ministry of start within 18 months from a Defence. SPEAR (known in UK fighter air- service as SPEAR3) is a first-of- craft, with missile and launcher class network enabled minia- production beginning in 2023. ture cruise missile. The new contract follows the suc- SPEAR will be the main cessful implementation of the medium-to-long-range strike weapon development phase con- weapon of the UK F-35 com- tract for SPEAR placed in 2016 bat aircraft, enabling them and the contracting of integration to defeat challenging targets of SPEAR onto F-35 in 2019. C-295. Photo: Gerard van der Schaaf such as mobile long-range air MBDA is jointly owned by defence systems at over-the- (37.5 %), BAE Systems India plans to procure 56 military horizon ranges in all weathers (37.5 %), and Leonardo (25 %). transport aircraft India is reportedly planning to sector, the Hindustan Times re- procure 56 medium military ported quoting officials familiar transport aircraft for around with the development. $2.5bn. The first 16 aircraft will be According to local news re- delivered in flyaway condition ports, an agreement is expected in two years. to be signed in the following TASL will locally assemble months to procure 56 C-295 the remaining 40 units, the de- transport aircraft for the Indian liveries of which will be spread Air Force (IAF). over eight years. Airbus Defence and Space The new C-295 transport air- and Tata Advanced Systems craft will replace India´s the age- SPEAR missile swarm fired by an F-35.SPEAR 3 measures 1.8 (TASL) will jointly deliver the ing Avro-748 transport planes metres long and can fly more than 140km over air, land and sea project under the Make-in-In- that entered services in the early propelled by a turbojet engine. Ill.: MBDA dia initiative in the aerospace 1960s.

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Teledyne to acquire FLIR Systems Teledyne Technologies Incor- dyne, which also manufactures porated has signed a definitive digital imaging products and agreement to acquire FLIR Sys- software, seeks to complement tems in a cash and trans- its portfolio and deliver better valued at nearly $8bn. returns to the stockholders. Established in 1978, FLIR fo- The transaction is expected to cuses on delivering intelligent close in the middle of this year, sensing solutions defence and subject to the necessary regula- industrial applications. Its prod- tory and shareholders approvals uct portfolio includes unmanned as well as other conditions. In systems, thermal imaging camer- November, FLIR Systems secured as, surveillance and monitoring a contract to deliver 250 Cen- France becomes the second international customer of the E-2D systems among others. taur unmanned ground vehicles AHE. The Japan Air Self Defense Force, the first international With this acquisition, Tele- (UGV) to the US armed forces. customer, has procured 13 E-2D aircraft so far. Photo: US Navy France to procure three E-2D AHE First SISU GTP 4x4 for Finland aircraft from US Navy Oy Sisu Auto Ab has delivered The first delivery includes France has signed a letter of of an advanced radar and mod- the first SISU GTP 4x4 vehi- two different armored vehicle offer and acceptance (LOA) to ernised aircraft systems, as well cles ordered by the Finnish configurations, a five-seater purchase three Northrop Grum- as aerial refuelling capabilities. Defence Forces. The delivery general purpose vehicle and a man-built E-2D Advanced The E-2D’s APY-9 radar sys- belongs to the acquisition of ten-seater armored personnel Hawkeye (AHE) aircraft from tem offers surveillance detec- the SISU GTP 4x4 test series carrier vehicle. the US Navy. tion and tracking capability. published by the The deal is valued at about Expected to be delivered by in summer 2020, the purpose $2bn and makes France the 2028, the three E-2Ds will re- of which is to collect informa- second international customer place the three existing E-2C tion on vehicle capability and of the E-2D AHE. Hawkeyes of Marine Nationale, operability for the future needs The aircraft is the latest variant the French Navy. Northrop of the Defence Forces’ mobili- of the E-2 platform and succes- Grumman is the prime contrac- ty both in Finland and in crisis sor to E-2C Hawkeye. It consists tor of the E-2D AHE. management tasks. Photo: SISU for special tasks. Ready whenever needed. The highest quality standards for special tasks.

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Aircraft Self-Protection The Defense Logistics Agency ble, efficient means of ordering (DLA)-Aviation at Warner Robins defensive systems and providing has awarded a $306M 10-year in- logistical and technical support. definite-delivery indefinite-quan- Under the DLA IDIQ contract, tity (IDIQ) contract to Terma Terma will provide a wide range North America in support of the of products including Terma’s U.S. Air Force (USAF) to provide family of AN/ALQ-213 Electron- self-protection hardware, sustain- ic Warfare Controllers and other ment and engineering services associated components. under the Enterprise Contract for This DLA IDIQ contract the Air Force Life Cycle Manage- represents continued growth Norwegian solider firing Carl-Gustaf. ment Center (AFLCMC). for Terma. Since 2018, Terma Photo: Saab/Norwegian Armed forces The DLA IDIQ contract allows has obtained three major con- Terma to quickly receive and re- tract awards including the F-16 Norwegian order for Carl-Gustaf M4 spond to task orders and provides 3D-Audio System for the US Air The Norwegian Armed Forc- the M3 versions are used within the USAF a more streamlined National Guard F-16s, 3D-Audio es has signed a framework the Norwegian Armed Forces. option for integrating new Elec- Systems for the ANG A-10s, and agreement with Saab for the Carl-Gustaf M4 is the latest tronic Warfare technology onto new Pylon Integrated Dispensing Carl-Gustaf M4. Saab has re- version of the portable, shoul- numerous USAF platforms. This System (PIDS+) Universal for the ceived an initial order for der-launched, multi-role weap- contract provides a more flexi- US Air National Guard F-16s. Carl-Gustaf M4 weapons with on system. It gives users a wide deliveries in 2021. range of engagement options Boeing’s 1st Japan KC-46 Tanker The recently signed frame- and allows troops to remain work agreement allows the Nor- agile and effective in any scenar- Takes Flight wegian customer to place orders io. The M4 is also compatible The first Boeing KC-46 tank- tions into the certification phase for Carl-Gustaf M4, associated with intelligent sighting systems er destined for the Japan Air of development. equipment and training systems and future technology develop- Self-Defense Force (JASDF) took Japan is the KC-46 program’s during a 7-year period. ments, such as programmable to the skies on its maiden flight first international customer and The Norwegian Armed ammunition. Since the launch yesterday. This successful flight is scheduled to receive its first jet Forces has been a user of the in 2014, Saab has signed con- highlights an important mile- this year. Japan is now on contract Carl-Gustaf M2 system since tracts with fourteen different stone as the aircraft now transi- for a total of four KC-46 tankers. early 1970’s. Today the M2 and nations for Carl-Gustaf M4.

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MilDef AB MilDef AS Helsingborg & Nacka, Sweden Oslo, Norway +46 42 25 00 00 +47 23 40 03 10 [email protected] [email protected] MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 25 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Milrem Robotics’ Type-X RCV passes initial mobility tests Milrem Robotics has announced tanks and infantry fighting ve- that its medium-class Type-X Ro- hicles and help in breaching en- botic Combat Vehicle (RCV) has emy defences with minimal risk passed its initial mobility tests. to own troops. Unveiled last year, the vehicle The Type-X vehicle can be was designed to support mech- equipped with a cannon up to anised units in different missions 50mm. The RCV can be air- and help in raising troop surviv- dropped when fitted with up to ability by reducing the number a 30mm cannon. of soldiers on the battlefield. Typically, the C-130J and the The unmanned Type-X RCV KC-390 can carry one Type-X, The Type-X vehicle has a weight of around 12t and can carry up to will typically serve as an intel- an A400M two and a C-17 can 4,100kg of payloads. ligent wingman to main battle transport five units.

Fire-on-the-move for land-based Patria Nemo Finnish firm Patria has finalised direct fire missions. It weighs the fire-on-the-move capability around 1,900kg and offers a full for the land-based variant of 360º traverse and weapon eleva- Patria Nemo, a single-barrelled tion from -3° up to 85°. remote-controlled mortar tur- The mortar system, which ret system. can be installed on wheeled ar- The capability will enable moured vehicles or naval vessels, troops to constantly move the is capable of firing six grenade mortar system during fire mis- multiple rounds impact fire mis- sions, avoiding direct counter sions simultaneously. hits from the enemy. A vehicle equipped with Patria Patria Nemo is a turreted, Nemo can stow 50-60 rounds of lightweight 120mm mortar sys- 120mm ammunition, based on Patria Nemo is a single barrelled remote-controlled mortar turret tem capable of direct and in- the platform. system. Photo: Patria

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EG Electronics Fagerstagatan 3 163 53 Spånga, Sweden Phone: +46 (0)8 759 35 70 or +46 (0) 8 7593523 [email protected] MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 W - www.elmech.egelectronics.com BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

83 LCA Tejas aircraft for India India has cleared the purchase sual range (BVR) missile, elec- of 73 Light Combat Aircraft tronic warfare (EW) suite and (LCA) Tejas Mk-1A fighter air- air-to-air refuelling (AAR) and craft and ten LCA Tejas Mk-1 more. Trainer aircraft for the Indian The Rs456.96bn ($6.23bn) Air Force (IAF). procurement project for the In- LCA Tejas Mk-1A variant is dian Air Force (IAF) has been a fourth-generation advanced awarded to Hindustan Aeronau- fighter aircraft. It features criti- tics Limited (HAL). The aircraft cal operational capabilities such will feature 50% locally built as active electronically scanned content, and this will gradually LCA Tejas Mk-1A variant is a fourth-generation advanced fighter array (AESA) radar, beyond vi- increase to 60%. aircraft. Photo: Venkat Mangudi

Development contract for STADT • Compact footprint and low has been well developed and weight proven globally in the patented MOD of Norway has signed an emission power sources. It is • Extended endurance of the ships STADT Lean Drive technology. agreement to take part in a de- also a goal to increase opera- • Low environment footprints STADT has already had a velopment project that has the tional range and defence capa- • Adaptable to any energy source, break-through in the Navy-sec- purpose to extend the range and bilities by Stealth operations. or combinations tor and installed STADT Stealth features of the STADT Stealth STADT will in cooperation • Scalability to a very high power Lean Propulsion in vessels for Naval Electric Propulsion. with the Norwegian Navy fur- range other foreign navies. The ac- Due to increased use of elec- ther develop its own technology • Fulfilment of naval standards ceptance from the Ministry of tric and electronic weapon-sys- to meet their impressive goals, for shock and vibration Defence and the Norwegian tems, the Norwegian Navy and such as : The STADT Stealth Drive Navy for this joint development navies all over the world show • No electric interference and low technology has the capabilities project, is important for us to increased interest for electric signature, surpassing todays to be essential for the new trend further strengthen our position propulsion to power future naval EMC standards in naval ship propulsion.The na- and possibilities for export and navy vessels. Overall goals are • Bring lifetime and reliability of val extension of the STADT Lean to succeed in ongoing projects to seek minimum carbon foot- electric propulsion up to a new Propulsion - the STADT Stealth and developments towards na- print, lower power consump- high standard Drive range, is based upon the vies world-wide“ says Hallvard tion with utilisation of new low • Extreme Propulsion Efficiency core technological elements that L. Slettevoll, CEO at STADT AS. Leaders in surface engineering Increasing the performance and life of critical components

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EG Electronics l FAA/EASA Fagerstagatan 3 MilDef AB MilDef AS 163 53 Spånga, Helsingborg & Nacka, Sweden Oslo, Norway Sweden +46 42 25 00 00 +47 23 40 03 10 [email protected] [email protected] Phone: +46 (0)8 759 35 70 or +46 (0) 8 7593523 [email protected] MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 27 W - www.elmech.egelectronics.com www.cwst.se | [email protected] | +46.589.885.50 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Novator Solutions expands sales channel in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Lebanon, and Bahrein Novator Solutions today an- worked multichannel receivers nounced it has entered a part- and wideband RF/IF recorder nership agreement with Saab solutions. RDS to distribute Novator Novator Solutions AB pro- Solutions spectral data analysis vides products, complete turn- products and solutions in Saudi key systems, and expert tech- Arabia, Yemen, Lebanon, and nical consultants within our The CAMCOPTER S-100 operates day and night and can carry multiple Bahrein. three business units: Spectral payloads with a combined weight of up to 50 kg. Due to its minimal Novator Solutions is known Data Analysis (SDA); Control, footprint and size, it is ideally suited for maritime operations in the Aerospace & Defense Automate & Test; and Remote Photo: Nordic Unmanned and RF industry for its net- Measurement. Nordic Unmanned has Acquired Two CAMCOPTER S-100 Systems. BAE Systems to upgrade Netherlands’ Nordic Unmanned has acquired tract with EMSA (European CV90s two CAMCOPTER S-100 sys- Maritime Safety Agency) to ful- BAE Systems has secured a vehicle balance, accommodate tems. The first was delivered fil its Remotely Piloted Aircraft $500m contract to carry out ex- new weaponry and offer ergo- last week and the remaining will System (RPAS) services, Nordic tensive mid-life upgrades of the nomic improvements. be delivered in Q2 2021. Unmanned specifically for mar- ’s Com- Currently, the work to equip The CAMCOPTER S-100 itime pollution and emissions bat Vehicle 90 (CV90) fleet. the Dutch CV9035 vehicles was recently operated for the monitoring. The CAMCOPTER Awarded by the Dutch De- with multiple enhanced capa- world’s first full- scale offshore S-100 measures the ships’ sul- fence Materiel Organization bilities is already underway.It UAV cargo delivery to the active phur emissions to check com- (DMO), the contract requires includes equipping the vehicles oil and gas platform Troll A in pliance with the EU rules gov- BAE Systems to equip 122 with an Active Protection Sys- Norway. These operations were erning the sulphur content of CV90s with new turrets and tem (APS), Anti-Tank Guided both carried out by Nordic Un- marine fuels. Measurements are other upgrades, with the option Missile (ATGM), Electro-Optic manned and Schiebel. transmitted in real time through of 19 additional vehicles. Aiming System (EOPS), as well Schiebel and Nordic Un- the EMSA RPAS Data Centre to The main weapon position as upgrading its electronic sys- manned are both under con- the relevant authorities. has been changed to improve tems.

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28 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

GTF-8x8 Trakker trucks to the Extended Range Guided Multiple Bundeswehr Launch Rocket System for Finland The German Bundeswehr has tion) and will be supplied with The US State Depart- awarded Iveco Defence Vehicles a protected cab which currently ment has made a de- a frame contract for the supply offers among the best-in-class termination approving of up to 1.048 military Trakker levels of ballistic, mine, NBC- a possible Foreign Mil- trucks to be delivered in 2021 and IED protection. Over the itary Sale to the Gov- - 2028. last years, Iveco Defence Vehi- ernment of Finland All vehicles fulfill the most cles has delivered around 2.000 of Extended Range modern EURO-6-emission-level vehicles from its wide product Guided MLRS Multiple (still ready for single-fuel-opera- range to the German Army. Launch Rocket Systems (ER GMLRS) and re- Saab Proposes New Saab Sensor lated equipment for an estimated cost of $91.2 Centre in Canada million. Saab announces that it has of- is to develop a Space Surveil- The Government of fered to establish a new facility lance Radar (SSR) in Canada, in Finland has request- in Canada as part of its offer for co-operation with other compa- ed to buy twenty-five Canada’s Future Fighter Capa- nies within the Canadian space M30A2 Extended bility Project (FFCP). industry. It is envisaged that this Range Guided Multiple The M270 MLRS conducts a rocket This would be known as the surface radar will target the glob- Launch Rocket Systems launch. Photo: US Army Saab Sensor Centre and would al market for greater awareness and ten (10) M31A2 be located in Vancouver, British of objects in the Earth’s orbit. Extended Range Guided Multi- is deployable MLRS M270 fam- Columbia, with a focus on sen- Saab, in co-operation with ple Launch Rocket Systems. ily of launchers and the High sor technologies such as radar. the Swedish government, has Extended-Range (ER) Guided Mobility Artillery Rocket System The Saab Sensor Centre would offered 88 Gripen E fighter air- MLRS is new developmental vari- (HIMARS) launchers. The rounds provide career opportunities craft, for Canada’s FFCP. The es- ation of the Guided MLRS family, incorporate a larger motor and for Canadian engineering talent tablishment of the Saab Sensor ER GMLRS offers an extended have enhanced maneuverability in the Vancouver area, as well Centre is part of the associat- range out to 150 kilometers in all due to tail-driven control. offering research and develop- ed Canada-wide Industrial and weather conditions. ER GMLRS Finland intends to use these ment avenues for academia. Technological Benefits program shares significant commonality defense articles and services to One of the proposed projects from Saab. with legacy Guided MLRS, and modernize its armed forces.

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mate tests can be done as the test Arctest signed an agreement equipment now becomes mobile. for the delivery of mobile cli- This new concept suited SAAB mate cabinets in containers BTC very well as it performs tests with the Swedish Armed Forces and trials in several different plac- Materiel Administration. A first es in the country and abroad. container is planned to be de- The interest in this product livered during the summer of has attracted a great deal of at- 2021 and in the option there tention in both Scandinavia and are 2 more containers for later in other countries. delivery.

This trolley has two test rooms with a temperature specification -54 to + 71°C and a control and engine room. The trailer is prepared for road registration in Sweden. Great focus has also been on making the trailer as compact as possible and adapted for storage inside a container for storage and longer transports as it will often be moved between different test sites. Photo: Arctest Temperature chambers mounted on a trailer

Arctest delivered the first trail- This type of climate test chamber This container has two Ex-rated test rooms with temperature er for climate tests to the SAAB that is mounted on a trailer rev- specifications -54°C to + 80°C as well as a control and machine room. Bofors Test Center in Karlskoga. olutionizes the way in which cli- Photo: Arctest

Next gen solution to snipers Pakistan test-fires surface to surface Belgium-based FN Herstal can fit onto any squad or snip- ballistic missile unveils the FN Elity, the new- er team weapon of any caliber The Pakistan military has test- conventional warheads. ly-developed version of its high and spotting scopes. fired the Shaheen-III medi- Shaheen-III is jointly devel- performance weapon mounted The FN Elity is a compact, um-range surface-to-surface oped by the Pakistan national ballistic calculator for snipers, all-in-one system to increase ballistic missile with a strike engineering and scientific com- precision shooters and spotters. first round hit probability at range of up to 2,750km. mission, and the space and up- The FN Elity Weapon long range in all weather and The missile is said to be ca- per atmosphere research com- Mounted Ballistic Calculator light conditions. pable of carrying nuclear and mission.

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30 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Belgian Air Force accepts communications system Rohde & Schwarz passes site ac- The scope of delivery includes ceptance test for voice communi- one fully redundant system with cations system with high security over 43 controller working po- requirements for Belgium Minis- sitions. The architecture has try of Defense command center. redundant secure and trusted After several weeks of intensive configurations for both classified testing with the Belgian Armed and unclassified domains and Forces, Rohde & Schwarz recent- each domain is equipped with ly passed a site acceptance test for the necessary number of radios a voice communications system and telephone interfaces. The with red/black separation, deliv- two domains are strictly sep- ered to the Belgian Ministry of arated and connected to each Defense (MoD). The system has controller working position with a single human-machine inter- a trusted audio switch, ensuring face and is used in a Belgium Air the security level for each do- Component air surveillance and main all the way to the controller defense command center. headset. NASASMS test firing. Photo: Kongsberg Norway upgrades the NASAMS Iran tests long-range ballistic missiles Kongsberg Defence & Aero- system operates in accordance Iran has tested long-range bal- The long-range missiles have space AS (KONGSBERG) has with future NATO standards, listic missiles during a military a range of around 1,800km and been awarded a contract of further improving the already exercise in Januray. are capable of hitting moving approx. MNOK 266 by Norwe- secure identification of friendly State television reported that targets in the ocean, according gian Materiel Defence Agency aircraft. Iran’s Revolutionary Guards fired to Iran’s state television. for upgrade of the National Ad- NASAMS is the world’s most long-range ballistic missiles into The missile targets were lo- vanced Surface-to-Air Missile widely used air defence system the Indian Ocean, following the cated in the Gulf of Oman and System (NASAMS). in its segment, jointly developed testing of surface-to-surface bal- the northern Indian Ocean. Iran The upgrade of the NASAMS and manufactured in a long-time listic missiles and locally manu- has one of the biggest missile Sentinel radar’s Identification close partnership between Ray- factured drones. programmes in the Middle East. Friend or Foe (IFF) ensures the theon and KONGSBERG.

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MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 31

BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

A National Centre for Cyber Security is in the making The Swedish Government has Facts about the National Cen- made the decision to establish a tre for Cyber Security national centre for cyber securi- On the 10th of December ty. The goal is to make Sweden 2020, the Government made a safer and more robust place in the decision to establish a na- the cyber area. tional centre for cyber security. Cyber-attacks by state-spon- The centre will be established sored actors against Swedish in- by four cooperating authorities: terests are occurring all the time, the Swedish Armed Forces, the and are becoming more and more Swedish Armed Forces Radio advanced. The current world sit- Institute (FRA), the Security The first Visby-class corvette was launched on June 8, 2000 and today uation and the ever broader and Police, and the Swedish Civil five corvettes are in operational service. Photo: Kjell Enmark/FMV increasingly complex threat per- Contingencies Agency (MSB). ception is why the government The centre will collaborate Next generation Visby Corvettes is now deciding to establish a closely with the Swedish Post Saab and the Swedish De- they will be well equipped for national centre for cyber security. and Telecom Agency (PTS), the fence Materiel Administra- future assignments. The expe- The intention with the nation- Police Authority, and the Swed- tion, (FMV), have signed two rience and knowledge that the al centre for cyber security is to ish Defence Materiel Admin- agreements concerning the Visby class has gathered over join together and enhance Swe- istration (FMV), which will be next generation of surface the years will feed into the de- den’s ability to prevent, detect given the opportunity to par- ships and corvettes. A Product velopment of Visby Generation and manage antagonistic cyber ticipate in the centre’s activities. Definition Phase for the Mid- 2,” said Lars Tossman, Head of threats against Sweden. Further- A key part of the assignment Life Upgrades (MLU) of five Business Area Kockums. more, the centre will provide re- will be to promote collaboration Visby-class corvettes, as well The Visby Generation 2 is fined and coordinated advice on with private and public players. as a Product Definition Phase a development of Visby-class how various activities in the pri- Collaboration within the cen- for the next generation; Visby version 5 and will be equipped vate and public sector can protect tre will be developed step by Generation 2 corvettes. The with a modern anti-ship missile themselves against cyber-attacks. step between 2021-2023. collected value of the contracts system, torpedo system and air is 190 MSEK. defence missile system. The contracts include re- The product definition Piloted firings for artillery shell 155 KATANA quirements’ analysis and are phase regarding Mid-Life Up- The KATANA smart artil- Thus, the shell could be fired respectively the start of the grades, aims to make the five lery ammunition successfully along a trajectory that increased modification work of the five ships in the class operationally demonstrated its flight control the firing range compared to corvettes and the acquisition of relevant beyond 2040. In ad- capability during a test cam- a purely ballistic trajectory. the Visby Generation 2. dition to modifying the ships’ paign in Sweden in December Nexter Munitions confirms the “The contract is a major step existing systems, an air defence last year. mastery of this shell trajecto- forward for Sweden’s surface missile system will be added These test firings, carried out ry control system, in the ex- combat capability, with the up- as a new capability. The RBS15 from a 155mm CAESAR gun on treme physical conditions of grade of current corvettes and anti-ship missile system will be carriage, confirmed the maneu- 155mm artillery fire. The next the creation of the next genera- upgraded to the latest version as verability of the ammunition. test campaign, scheduled for tion vessels. The Visby corvettes well as will the torpedo system All the CAS (Canard Actuation 2021, will give rise to the first have been pioneers for 20 years, with the new Saab Lightweight Systems) were deployed in ac- coordinate-guided and coordi- and after Mid-Life Upgrades Torpedo. cordance with the simulations. nate-controlled firings.

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32 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 Advertorial by HENSOLDT EYES ON THE BATTLEFIELD – HENSOLDT: SENSOR SOLUTIONS FOR THE LEOPARD 2 MBT The LEOPARD 2A7+, considered by State of the Art Thermal Imaging many experts to be the world’s leading PERI RTWL and Laser Range Finding integra- Main Battle Tank (MBT), is a force to ted into the Gunner Sight reckon with on the battlefi eld. It not The LEOPARD 2A7+ gunner is only carries powerful effectors on an operating the main effector of the agile platform but also a well-optimized MBT and is employing HENSOLDT’s and combat-proven optronic sensor precise and Eyesafe Laser range fi nder selection. HENSOLDT, proven partner (Mittelteil GL) as well as the ATTICA GL of the LEOPARD OEM KMW, has a as thermal imager. These modules can long-standing history of successfully easily be implemented in the EMES integrating its high-performance where they are at the sole disposal of sensors into the MBT. The four-man crew of the LEOPARD the gunner. is highly dependent on sensors to operate the tank in order to achieve mission success as those devices are their eyes onto the fi eld outside. ATTICA GL These environments are most deman- ding: Combat scenes present multiple challenges, ever-changing at high speed and visual conditions that are harsh with dust, haze, fog and rain to name only a few. HENSOLDT supplies state-of-the-art technology to KMW and the LEOPARD 2A7+ platform that ensures maximum MITTELTEIL GL situational awareness for commander, gunner and driver. PERI RTWL – a High-resolution Periscope with combat Proven Hunter-Killer Capability Gyro-stabilized periscopes such as the PERI RTWL provide a clear direct view in almost any condition by employing state-of-the-art thermal imaging technology. HENSOLDT’s ATTICA P in combination with direct optical systems operate at the edge SPECTUS – HENSOLDT’s HENSOLDT’S offerings for of what physics allows. The ATTICA P multispectral Driver Vision System the LEOPARD 2A7+ are delivers image information of out- standing quality in the long-wave Manoeuvring an MBT through a combat proven range. Besides a thermal and charge- combat zone at high speed requires HENSOLDT´s state-of-the-art tech- coupled device (CCD) camera, this a highly trained driver at the steering nologies for MBTs are in operation periscope offers an eye-safe laser console. HENSOLDT’s multispectral worldwide, currently in use by seve- range fi nder for an enhanced hunter- driver vision system SPECTUS combi- ral armies and LEOBEN members killer capability. This capability is facili- nes an uncooled thermal imager with a around the world: Germany, Denmark tated by the possibility to slave the gun low light level camera. The two videos and Canada as well as Hungary and towards the periscope. For full mission can be fused and adjusted between Qatar to name but a few. Of course the success, the image can be displayed 0 and 100 per cent, in order to achieve demanding military standards are directly into the commander‘s ocular optimal driver’s vision even under fulfi lled, proving that they are designed or visualized on the commander‘s severe conditions. and engineered to withstand the display. challenges of military operations around the globe. Our optronic sensor solutions are optimized with regards to SPECTUS their SWaP (Size, Weight and Power) specifi cations to perfectly fi t into the LEOPARD 2 family. Nova Systems Norway: [email protected] NGAD

Art impression by Boeing illustrating a possible next-generation fighter concept, or F-X. Ill.: Boeing

AMERICA’S NEXT GENERATION AIRBORNE WEAPON SYSTEMS

At the end of his video presentation to the Air Force Association’s virtual Air, Space & Cyber Conference on September 15 2020, Will Roper stole the show by revealing the service had flown a Next Generation Air Dominance demonstrator aircraft. Dr Will Roper was at that time the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics.

Text: Mark Ayton in its entirety had broken a lot of records, producing “real things in the real world”. but he said little else. Roper stressed the essence of the announce- ccording to Roper, test flights had Roper’s revelation was approved to ment: “It isn’t that we just built an e-plane demonstrated the aircraft to be reassure stakeholders inside and outside and have flown it a lot of times in a virtual A“amazing” and that the programme the Air Force that digital engineering is world, which we’ve done. But if you think

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2021 35 NGAD

that we don’t care about physical-world Given this open source information, it’s be made much faster by the use of digital results, we do. In fact, NGAD has come so likely that the demonstrator is being led by design, development, engineering and test- far that the full-scale flight demonstrator the APO (Aerospace Projects Office) as a ing. His forward-thinking Digital Century has already flown in the physical world... programme similar to DARPA´s Have Blue Series concept, involving agile software It’s a full-scale flight demonstrator. Records programme. The Have Blue programme led development, fully open architecture and have been broken, but I’ve been impressed to the development of the F-117A stealth digital engineering, is conceived to provide at how well the digital technology transitions aircraft, operational from October 1983. new iterations of weapon systems equipped to the real world.” with the latest mission system software ready Roper emphasised the paradigm of Thirty versus Seventy for fielding every five to ten years. designing, manufacturing and flight testing Roper is pushing a new acquisition model According to Roper, the NGAD pro- a new aircraft has shifted, such that real based on digital engineering designed to gramme is one of three major Air Force aircraft will verify and help refine highly make weapon systems fielded by the Air acquisition programmes reliant on digital detailed digitally engineered aircraft. Force more adaptive and in sync with rap- design, development, engineering and testing Given the NGAD programme is conceived idly-changing technology. to enable the rapid upgrade of capabilities as being a family of systems comprising General Brown described digital engi- and to cut costs. The Ground Based Strategic networked air vehicles equipped with neering as a trend, as the Air Force’s future, Deterrent, a land-based intercontinental modular sensors, further references within and its potential for ending its current ballistic missile system, and the T-7A Red this article will use weapon system rather procurement model. Hawk trainer are the other two. But according than aircraft. Roper and Brown want to stop the Air to Roper’s document “Take the Red Pill: The The NGAD weapon system is required Force from having to spend so much money New Digital Acquisition Reality” released on to place the US Air Force in a better state on keeping so many 25-year old plus aircraft September 15, the NGAD programme stands of capability to enable it to remain ahead in the fight. Their vision is to buy new, more alone as the one “positioned to transform its of potential peer adversaries, described adaptable aircraft capable of defeating new lifecycle through a fully digital acquisition.” by former Air Force chief, General David and emerging threats. The document was re-titled to “There Is No Goldfein as the great powers meaning China Roper wants an Air Force wide model Spoon: The New Digital Acquisition Reality” and Russia. It would be fascinating to know that operates with a sustainment expendi- on September 18. what Goldfein, the new Chief of Staff of ture of just 30 percent, and proposes to do During one of his roundtable discus- the Air Force, General Charles Brown and so by retiring entire fleets of the previous sions at the virtual Air, Space & Cyber Roper actually know about the capabilities digitally developed aircraft after just 15 Conference, General Brown stated the of new generation fighters like the Chengdu years of service. Retirees would be replaced NGAD programme has to be assessed on J-20 and Sukhoi’s Su-57. with shiny new systems laced with the very the basis of how the new weapon system latest leading edge sensors, network links will fit with the Air Force’s current tactical Questions Posed and weapons. mix of aircraft. Furthermore, Brown said Roper said “the service had already flown Sounds promising, but before the Air that Air Force decision makers will benefit a technology demonstrator” but his ter- Force can embark on developing, procuring from knowing the cost of the demonstrator minology raises the question which ser- and fielding the NGAD weapon system it to make an initial determination of the Air vice? Air Force or the DARPA (Defense has to convince the Congress on a series Force’s future order of battle including NGAD. Advanced Research Projects Agency)? of major aspects; does it need another ad- Making such major decisions is based Addressing the House Armed Services vanced airborne weapon system when the on a complex matrix, described by Roper Committee in 2015, Frank Kendall, then full rate production of the F-35A remains as a choice with a lot of details. Air Force undersecretary of defense for acquisition, in abeyance; how many will the Air Force decision makers will need to balance their technology and logistics said the NGAD require; what will the NGAD weapon system current fighter fleet’s capabilities with their programme would develop and fly two cost and what legacy systems will the Air future fleet’s requirements. How such a prototypes to demonstrate advanced tech- Force sacrifice to fund it? decision will impact on the 2022 five-year nologies for future aircraft. This begs the During his virtual Air, Space & Cyber budget plan remains to be seen. question, have the two prototypes been in Conference presentation, Roper confirmed Despite the details presented above, none existence for some time and for how long? the NGAD’s acquisition strategy is complete of the usual aspects of a new weapon system According to Aviation Week’s Steve and awaits approval by senior DoD leaders. programme are known for the NGAD; its Trimble, former Chief of Staff of the Air General Brown cited the NGAD system’s appearance, which design house is involved Force, General David Goldfein touched on maturity versus emerging threats; what - Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works, Boeing’s the Air Force NGAD strategy during a press threat environment will the system have Phantom Works or Northrop Grumman’s conference in September 2019. Goldfein to face; and will the NGAD system provide Advanced Innovations - and where the test said: “We have five key technologies that the capability required during its service life flights took place (most likely Groom Lake we’re investing in that we don’t intend to as some of the factors under consideration or Tonopah, Nevada). have all come together on a single plat- for deciding how to move forward with the Roper’s belief and indeed determination form. They will all mature and accelerate NGAD programme. with digital design, development, engineer- at different paces. As they become ready, Brown also said that the use of NGAD ing and testing, and an all new model for you will see us adapting them on existing prototype systems by Air Force operational weapon system procurement has yet to be platforms, sensors and weapons and also test pilots will be key for gaining feedback proven but may well yield some fascinating looking at new platforms, sensors and used to inform the decision makers about and exciting airborne weapon systems in weapons.” fielding. Roper maintains this process will the years ahead.

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R i n g s t r ö m / F ö r s v a r s m a k t e n B-1B LANCERS B-1B LANCERS TRAINING IN NORWAY

B-1B Lancer exercising in Norway. Foto: Torbjørn Kosvold/FMS

t the end of February, four American effect that no foreign nations are allowed to GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS B-1B Lancers landed at Air Station have bases on Norwegian soil in peacetime. Crew: 4 Ørland in Norway to train with It is also held that Russia may regard the Length: 45 m A Wingspan: 42 m Norwegian forces. hostile aircraft as a provocation, which may This is the first time that this type of Amer- contribute to increased levels of tension in Empty weight: 87,090 kgs ican aircraft has landed on Norwegian soil. the Norwegian adjacent areas. Max take-off weight: 216,364 kgs The strategic B-1B Lancer bombers will for a Maximum speed: 1,335 km/h (721 kn, 830 mph, Mach 1.25) period of time train with Norwegian forces. B-1B Lancer Range: 9400 kms, 7600 kms From some parts of the Norwegian political B-1B Lancer is a supersonic strategic with a weapons load of 16,800 kgs community, criticism has been levied against heavy bomber. The B-1B formally entered Service ceiling: 60,000 ft (18,000 m) the American bombers being stationed in service in 1986, and has supported U.S. Armament: Norway for a period. This is claimed to be forces in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq. 6 external hardpoints for of ordnance a violation of Norwegian base policy. Said The US Air Force had 62 B-1Bs in service with a capacity of 23,000 kg 3 internal bomb bays for 34,000 kgs base policy is a self-imposed restriction to the as of 2016. of ordnance

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The first U.S. portion of the T-7A Red Hawk advanced trainer has officially entered the Boeing jet’s production line.

The Boeing/Saab T-7 Red Hawk is an Amer- ican/Swedish advanced jet trainer produced by Boeing in partnership with Saab. It was selected on 27 September 2018 by the Unit- ed States Air Force (USAF) as the winner of the T-X program to replace the Northrop T-38 Talon. The photo displays one of the two evaluation prototypes. Photo: Boeing

The Advanced Pilot Training System also incorporates ground-based live and virtual simulators to give students and instructors a “real as it gets” experience. In September 2018, the U.S. Air Force awarded Boeing a $9.2 billion contract to supply 351 advanced trainer aircraft and 46 he training jet, designated the eT-7A “The future of air dominance lies in the associated ground-based training simulators. Red Hawk by the U.S. Air Force be- ability to move quickly, take smart risks and Saab is teamed with Boeing on the trainer Tcause of its digital heritage, was fully partner in new ways to get the job done,” and provides the aft fuselage of the jet. designed using 3D model-based definition said Shelley Lavender, Boeing senior vice “The build process leverages full-size de- and data management systems developed president of Strike, Surveillance and Mobil- terminant assembly, which allows technicians at Boeing during the last two decades. The ity. “By creating aircraft and systems along to build the aircraft with minimal tooling and T-7A Red Hawk employed the digital engi- a digital thread, we can accelerate build drilling during the assembly process” said neering and design of the Boeing T-X aircraft times and increase quality and affordability Chuck Dabundo, Boeing vice president of that went from firm concept to first flight in for our customers in a way that has never T-7 Programs. “The digital process accounts just 36 months. been done before.” for a 75% increase in first-time quality.”

A DIGITAL DESIGN FACTS AND FIGURES Boeing’s T-7A Red Hawk was built with Length: 14.15 m digital engineering processes, agile Width: 10 m software development and an open architecture mission system to enable Height: 4 m more rapid, affordable future aircraft Weight: 3250 kg development. Compared to traditional Powerplant: 1 × General Electric F404-GE-103 afterburning turbofan, 11,000 lbf (49 kN) aircraft development programs, T-7A thrust dry, 17,000 lbf (76 kN) with afterburner experienced: Max Speed: 808 mph (1,300 kph; 702 kts) A 75% increase improvement in first- Service Ceiling: 50,000 feet (15,240 m; 9.47 miles) time engineering quality Max Range: 1,143 miles (1,840 km; 994 nm) An 80% reduction in assembly hours Rate-of-Climb: 33,500 ft/min (10,211 m/min) A 50% reduction in software develop- Crew: 2 ment and verification time

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