September 30, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27331 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE COMMUNISTS ARE CRACK­ province's peasantry that Herrera had been churches, human rights groups, business ING HEADS NOW THAT U.S. doing of late, with great success. and agriculture associations and labor CONGRESSIONAL LIBERALS Nicaragua's Interior Ministry soon issued unions that, until now, not only have kept a HAVE DESERTED THE FREE­ a statement saying Herrera had been killed modicum of reformist pressure on the San­ "apparently by thieves." A second official dinistas but also allowed the regime the pre­ DOM FIGHTERS IN NICARA­ explanation a few days later said he had tense of political pluralism. GUA been killed by one of his own employees fol­ "It has been the internal opposition that lowing a wage dispute. Upon further investi­ has prevented the Cubanization of Nicara­ HON. DONALD E. "BUZ" LUKENS gation, the government called the murder a gua and kept the political process from OF OHIO crime of passion, saying that he was done in being permanently closed," says Adan by an employee who was romantically in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Fletes of the Nicaraguan Social Christian voved with Herrera's wife. Party. Adds Virgilio Godoy Reyes, president Friday, September 30, 1988 That explanation, however, was contra­ of the Independent Liberal Party and a Mr. DONALD E. "BUZ" LUKENS. Mr. dicted by the accused worker, who said in a former Sandinista labor minister, "The public statement that he had been hired by main policy of the Sandinistas now in inter­ Speaker, just as many of us predicted, without the Sandinistas to be an accomplice to the a viable opposition, the Sandinista Commu­ nal repression to retain power by any murder, which was carried out by two San­ means." nists have returned to their repressive ways. dinista military officers. His story was sec­ This new-and perhaps final-round of re­ During congressional consideration of aid to onded by opposition leaders, who said that pression, designed to gut what remains of the freedom fighters of Nicaragua, Comman­ spent cartridges found at the scene were of the nonmilitary opposition to the regime's dante Ortega tried to put the best face on his the same type used by the Sandinista mili­ one-party rule, follows a yearlong process of brutal dictatorship. His plan was to bide his tary. The worker denied involvement with tenuous democratization, as the government time, consolidate his power, and fool the U.S. Herrera's wife. So did she, coming forward sought to convey the impression that it was to say that Sandinista police had clipped abiding by the terms of the regional peace Congress into strangling his opposition for hairs from her head and her genital area to him. And our naive House leadership fell for it. plan crafted by Oscar Arias Sanchez, the plant as evidence of the alleged affair. president of Costa Rica. Now that he feels the threat to his regime is The worker subsequently was arrested for disappearing, he can return to using brute Under the plan, five governments in the murder and brought to a Matagalpa prison. region specifically agreed in August last force as a political tool. A few days later, Sandinista authorities an­ year to establish "freedom of press, televi­ I would like to insert for the RECORD an arti­ nounced that he had been killed in an sion, and radio . . . without prior censor­ cle from the October 10 issue of Insight mag­ escape attempt. And they closed the Herre­ ship"; to grant political groups "freedom of azine which attempts to catalog recent Sandi­ ra murder investigation. association, free speech and movement in nista repression. The Matagalpa incident was only one in a order to proselytize"; to decree an amnesty carefully calculated series of events carried Mr. Speaker, our actions and our inaction out recently by the Sandinista regime to guaranteeing "freedom in all its forms"; and has consequences far beyond the debate we frighten anyone inclined to oppose its in­ to terminate state-of-emergency laws while pursue from our comfortable seats here on creasingly unpopular rule. These include de­ reestablishing "the full exercise of all con­ the floor of the House. As this article shows, tention and imprisonment of suspected op­ stitutional guarantees." there are those who have paid for our inaction positionists under a "public order and secu­ These, of course, would be merely the first rity" law on the books since the days of dic­ steps on the road to Nicaraguan democracy. with torture, there are others who have paid In addition, opposition groups maintained for it with their lives. tator Anastasio Somoza Debayle; closing of independent news outlets; organized harass­ that true democratization only would come The article follows: with an end to the one-party state, with the [From the Insight magazine, Oct. 10, 1988] ment of the churches and labor unions by so-called turbas, Sandinista toughs who bru­ Sandinista National Liberation Front giving REPRESSION FLOWS AS IT GETS HoT UNDER tally intimidate those who try to exercise up its total control of such institutions as SANDINISTA COLLAR their civil rights; and accelerated expropria­ the military, the government bureaucracy

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 27332 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 The next month in Monimbo, a poor had the effect of severely crimping the op­ While hopes were high last fall in the barrio in the city of Masaya that was the position's ability to organize. months following the signing of the Arias site of the first major uprising against The government claimed the Nandaime peace plan, few Nicaraguans other than Somoza a decade ago, hundreds of peasants demonstration was the final phase of an beneficiaries of the ruling party appear now took to the streets to protest forced military effort, coordinated by the U.S. Embassy in to hold out much hope for material im­ recruiting. They chanted anti-Sandinista Managua, to "destroy the Nicaraguan revo­ provement in their lives or progress toward slogans, advocated the now widespread prac­ lution." The next day, Ambassador Richard political pluralism. On the contrary, many tice of draft dodging and pelted the state Melton and seven other U.S. diplomats were now routinely say that Sandinista rule police with rocks. expelled from Nicaragua for designing the amounts to a combination of Marxist-Lenin­ A new coalition that has united commu­ alleged "Melton plan," which both the civic ist ideology and traditional Nicaraguan nist and noncommunist labor unions for the opposition and the U.S. government has authoritarianism, which they term "scien­ first time in Nicaraguan history, represent­ said never existed. Rather, they contend tific Somocism" -the repression of the ing construction workers, mechanics and that the "plan" was invented by Sandinista roundly despised Somoza era, perfected and hotel and restaurant workers, among disinformers as an excuse to persecute oppo­ expanded. One Sandinista state prosecutor, others, struck against government-imposed nents. who defected in March, declared that the wage controls throughout the spring. Since The Sandinistas have provided no proof to country was undergoing a "Stalinist social striking is illegal, they were replaced by the back up their charge. But in Washington drama." government with other workers, aggravat­ Sept. 20, House Speaker James C. Wright The Sandinistas have long argued that ing the labor tensions further still. All the Jr. told reporters: "We have received clear Nicaragua can cope with dissent in a more while, La Prensa was publicizing these suc­ testimony from CIA people that they have humane way than the neighboring govern­ cessful protests, and they began to spread deliberately done things to provoke an over­ ments of El Salvador and Guatemala, which throughout the countryside. reaction on the part of the government in they have accused of systematically massa­ The Sandinistas' troubles with the public Nicaragua." As the House ethics panel met cring communist rivals. But the Sandinistas were demonstrated in July with the release to consider whether the Texas Democrat have been implicated with increasing fre­ of an opinion poll by the University of Cen­ violated House rules prohibiting disclosure quency in death squad activities directed at tral America's Managua campus that found of classified information, he backtracked, their opponents. only 28.3 percent of the respondents sup­ claiming his allegation was based solely on Alvin Guthrie Rivez. head of the inde­ porting the government. The mood in the published accounts. The CIA said it would pendent Confederation of United Trade capital could be seen in more practical neither confirm nor deny whether any such Unions, or CUS, an affiliate of the Brussels, terms on the streets, where, even in the grip covert action was undertaken. Belgium-based International Confederation of economic collapse, the government was The crackdown gave the lie to the Sandi­ of Free Trade Unions, attributes several having trouble finding youngsters willing to nista claim that the military threat posed recent assassinations of local labor leaders sell copies of Barricada, the official daily of by the Nicaraguan Resistance was the justi­ to the government. These include the death the Sandinista Front. fication for its policies of political repres­ June 24 of Mauricio Canales Prieto, the "Since the Sandinistas signed the Esqui­ sion. The Contra threat, of course, has been legal counsel of a CUS-affiliated union, who pulas accords, we had one big opposition all but eliminated, as U.S. aid has been cut was shot in the head in his home in Chinan­ rally every month," says Ramiro Gurdian. off since February and new military aid ap­ dega, and that of confederation leader acting president of the Nicaraguan Demo­ pears unlikely to be approved by Congress Carlos Garcia Velasquez, who also was shot cratic Coordination Board, an umbrella this year. As many as 10,000 rebels have fled in the head in his home, in Nindiri July 3. group for the opposition. "More and more from Nicaragua in the past five months to Witnesses attributed both slayings to Sandi­ people were coming out, and the Sandinistas camps in eastern Honduras. nista police officers. were watching." Alberto Saboria, president The regime and the resistance leadership In March two labor activists, who were of the independent Nicaraguan Bar Associa­ have entered a new round of negotiations, leading a peaceful group of 60 peasants to a tion, says, "There were anti-Sandinista but the Contras contend that with the mili­ rally against the government's agrarian meetings in every little village. Every day. tary pressure off, the Sandinistas will not reform policy of providing land only to sup­ we had reports from some small department make the concessions needed to bring de­ porters, were shot down publicly by govern­ about the crowds at a meeting. Poor people mocracy and peace to the country. "We ment troops near the village of El Tuma in were coming from all around. The Sandinis­ really are in a weakened position without Matagalpa, according to several protesters. tas believed they were facing the possibility any military aid," says Adolfo Calero Porto­ In addition to recording the assassina­ of a general insurrection." carrea, a leading member of the Contra di­ tions, the Permanent Commission on A year of frenetic opposition activity cul­ rectorate. "We don't have a bargaining Human Rights, an independent body that minated July 10 in a rally in Nandaime, a chip." denounced violations under the Somoza town 35 miles southeast of the capital. Since Thus it appears that the Sandinistas regime and now documents charges against the 1979 revolution, Nandaime has been genuinely fear the · civic opposition. In a the Sandinistas, said in a recent report that known as a Sandinista stronghold. Many speech July 17, Thomas Borge Martinez, the new political prisoners were being taken at Nicaraguans recall that in 1982 a small op­ hard-line minister of the interior, admitted an "alarming rate." A March cease-fire position rally was violently broken up by as much, saying that "the internal political accord reached between the junta and the local Sandinista mobs, shouting, "We'll kill war" was "more dangerous than the mili­ Contras in Sapoa provided for a phased re­ you if you ever come back," says Horacio tary war." lease of political prisoners; half were to be Ruiz, La Presnsa's managing editor. "The Though it is difficult to judge the opposi­ freed once the rebels moved into special Nandaime demonstration was therefore a tion claim that the country had reached an cease-fire zones and the rest upon the sign­ very brave act," with high symbolic impor­ "insurrectionary" state before the July ing of a definitive peace agreement. tance, he says. events. the crackdown made it clear that The commission estimates that the gov­ The opposition forces attracted more than the Sandinistas cannot afford even a small ernment is holding at least 8,000 such pris­ 10,000 people in Nandaime to hear their call measure of internal liberalization if they are oners of conscience, some in cells the size of for a "government of national salvation," a to maintain their control of Nicaraguan life. phone booths, depriving them of light, loosely defined coalition body that would Their opponents say the latest government water, sleep· and food and threatening them displace the junta until democratic elections moves ought not be viewed as merely an­ with death. It also reported the deaths of 33 could be held. The Sandinista police, many other stage in the waxing and waning of persons under arrest and said the total clad as civilians, soon set upon the crowd Sandinista repressiveness, but as a high-pro­ number of "disappearances" nationwide had with clubs and tear gas and dispersed it. file commitment to consolidating their dic­ reached 500. The commission is getting They then conducted a search from house tatorship, regardless of international or in­ more than 200 complaints a month, double to house hunting down opposition leaders ternal criticism of their policies. the number of a year ago. and taking them to jail. In a July speech, President Daniel Ortega Though the government forces should be Among the 39 top opposition leaders ar­ Saavedra said: "Our socialism defends a demobilizing in keeping with the Sapoa rested for "disturbing the peace" and jailed mixed economy and political pluralism, but accord, the Sandinistas have used the cease­ were Carlos Huembes, a trade union leader political pluralism within the constitutional fire period instead to comb rural areas and and president of the Nicaraguan Democratic and institutional framework, not to defy the identify people sympathetic to the resist­ Coordinating Board; Miriam Arguello, a government, not to defy people's power, but ance, "releasing a veritable hunt on young leader of the Conservative Party; and Agus­ to work with the government." He also de­ males," aimed at forcing political opponents tin Jarquin, head of the Nicaraguan Social clared that Sandinista opponents "should be and labor activists into the Sandinista army, Christian Party. The sentences were the thankful that we're not offering them the says Lino Hernandez, the commission's di­ harshest imposed on the civic opposition guillotine or the firing squad, which is what rector. The government also has stepped up since the Sandinistas came to power and they deserve." aerial bombing in rural areas and the forced September 30, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27333 relocation of peasants into militarized "co­ drive costs into the stratosphere. But the pre­ found respect for the process by which we operatives" and clamped down on legal emi­ miums are something beyond stratospheric. In process legislation here in Congress. But in gration, Hernandez says. fact, some have suggested that the name this case, somehow the process didn't work. Meanwhile, the junta has moved to insti­ "catastrophic" was suggested by the premium tutionalize its control of the population at Somehow, what started out as a good bill large. Participation in the Sandinista De­ structure. picked up so much freight along the way that fense Committees has slumped to the In 1989, a Medicare beneficiary could pay our constituents simply cannot afford our gen­ extent that most of the duties of neighbor­ as much as $1,173.20 a year in premiums. erosity. hood groups-controlling food ration cards, By 1993, that same beneficiary is likely to I do not fault my colleagues for their work delivering draft summonses, collecting intel­ be paying as much as $1,561.20 a year in pre­ on this bill, and I do not fault the President for ligence for the government-have been miums-a 33-percent premium increase in 4 signing it. But I do not believe that it is the shifted to the Interior Ministry for more ef­ years. best we can do-not by a long shot. Let's ficient execution. In the same vein, Ortega Those who have saved all their lives and announced that the Ministry of Justice give ourselves a little time to straighten this would be closed and its duties assumed by planned for their retirement years are going to out, and let's reach outside our own resources Interior, eliminating the last vestiges of ju­ be hardest hit. They'll be facing surtaxes of up for a little help. dicial independence. The courts now exist to $800 a year, next year, and as much as I would urge my colleagues to support the only to legalize the actions of the police. $1,050 in 1993. Archer-Chandler bill. In this environment, there is little pros­ It's not just that the premiums are burden­ pect that the internal opposition can some. Every dollar raised for this benefit is a become an effective anti-Sandinista force, dollar that can't be used for something else. even if the current round of peace talks CONTROLLING OUR SPENDING Eight of ten seniors are already protected HABIT with the resistance leads to relaxation of re­ from acute hospital care costs, but 9 out of 10 pression. The small window of liberty given the opposition under the Arias plan appar­ have no insurance against long-term care ex­ ently so threatened the regime that it penses. Where are we going to find money to HON. JOHN J. RHODES III turned to the only resources it could rely address long-term care after we spend $45 to OF ARIZONA on: its police power and military forces. Ma­ $60 billion on acute care coverage? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nagua is heavily militarized, with uni­ And long-term care isn't the only health formed, armed Sandinistas patrolling the care challenge facing Congress. There are an Friday, September 30, 1988 streets in East German transport vehicles. estimated 37 million uninsured Americans. We Soviet bloc military aid and supplies have Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to have to find a way to improv-e their access to share with my colleagues some insights from grown this year to an average of $100 mil­ health care. lion a month. a couple of my constituents, Dan and Rebec­ "The Sandinistas had to take a risk," says The gentleman from Texas [Mr. ARCHER] ca Garrett of Tempe, AZ. The Garretts have and I are introducing an extraordinary meas­ La Prensa's Ruiz. "If they did not crack written me regarding the Federal budget defi­ ure today. It sets up a commission-there's down, they would lose control of the situa­ cit and our role as Congressmen in address­ nothing extraordinary about that-but it sug­ tion. If they did, they faced the prospect of ing this problem. renewed Contra aid from the U.S. Congress. gests the need to revisit the measure we It is fitting that I share these thoughts today, They took a gamble, and it appears they passed a few short months ago. the last day of the fiscal year of the U.S. Gov­ have won, sealing the fate of the country." That's not easy, but our Nation's elderly de­ ernment. Tomorrow, the Government begins a serve no less. new fiscal year and for the first time since The bill would delay implementation of the MEDICARE CATASTROPHIC COV­ 1948, Congress may manage to pass, before Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988 ERAGE-LET'S TAKE A SECOND the new fiscal year, the required 13 regular for one year, and set up a bipartisan commis­ LOOK appropriations bills to continue the operation sion to review the new law and make recom­ of the Federal Government. mendations to Congress for its improvement. HON. ROD CHANDLER In addition, we may manage, if only barely, The Commission would be composed of 13 OF WASHINGTON to remain under the Gramm-Rudman bal­ members. Five would be appointed by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES anced budget deficit target for the fiscal year. President and would include representatives Of course, this depends on our collective self­ Friday, September 30, 1988 of the private insurance industry, health care control-not to spend more than the law Mr. CHANDLER. Mr. Speaker, as children provider groups and health economists. The allows. we used to play a game called telephone. Ev­ Speaker, in consultation with the minority I am hopeful, as are Dan and Rebecca Gar­ eryone sat in a circle and someone would leader, would appoint four members from the rett, that we, the elected representatives of whisper something into the ear of the kid sit­ House, and four members would be appointed the American people, will find the ability to ting next to him. The message would be re­ from the other body. unite, control our spending habit, and balance peated around the circle until it reached the The Commission would be charged with the budget. I commend the following letter to person who started the game. By the time the recommending: my colleagues as food for thought. message had gone full circle, it was distorted 1. An appropriate structure for Medicare DEAR CONGRESSMAN JOHN RHODES; I am beyond recognition. catastrophic coverage, including a role for pri­ one of the humble citizens of this great The game provided a moral lesson: it was vate insurance; country. I don't keep good track of what intended to teach children something about 2. A way to assure the availability of supple­ goes on in Washington, I guess I'm too busy gossip. There are times when it approximates mental coverage for Medicare beneficiaries with the problems and joys of my own life. the legislative process as well. What starts out who are not eligible for Medicaid and are However, there is something going on in as a good idea can become distorted peyond unable to purchase supplemental coverage; Washington that has got me worried. recognition. and You know, a pretty big chunk of my pay­ check goes to taxes and it seems like it just At the beginning of this Congress, the 3. A way to provide a financing mechanism isn't enough. You congressmen keep bor­ Reagan administration transmitted to Con­ for Medicare and catastrophic coverage that rowing more and more money each year. I gress a proposal to address the catastrophic treats all Medicare beneficiaries the same. know the republicans want to spend money medical costs that can threaten the security of The Commission would submit its findings their way and the democrats want to spend the Nation's elderly. It was relatively limited in to Congress within 6 months of enactment of it another way. In order to make both scope. It would have provided coverage for up our bill, allowing sufficient time for Congress happy (if that could even happen) you end to 1 year of hospital care and capped annual to act on the recommendations if it so choos­ up spending much more than we give you out-of-pocket expenses for Medicare-covered es. each year. In 1987 we gave the federal government services at $2,000. The cost? About $5 a Mr. Speaker, I have tremendous respect for $842,400,000,000 and this is not counting all month. the hard work that went into the development the taxes we paid to the states, counties, The measure that reached the President's of the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act. I and cities. I don't think we can afford to desk provided more generous benefits to be participated in the markup at the subcommit­ give you much more and I don't want to co­ sure, including a drug benefit that is going to tee and full committee level. And I have pro- sign for any more of your borrowing. So, I 27334 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 guess what I'm trying to say is, YOU HAVE In 1968, in response to concerns about the years for an exit visa to leave the Soviet GOT TO CUT BACK. animal's future, Margaret Owings of Big Sur, Union. The reason for their repeated denials There are 535 of you Congressmen who CA, and Dr. James Mattison, Jr., of Salinas, has been heard so many times before..,­ decide how much to spend and what to CA. founded the Friends of the Sea Otter. The access to "classified information." In this spend it on. You can fight all you want over where to spend the money-that is your job organization now has more than 4, 700 mem­ case, Aliza's previous work as an electronics as a republican or democrat, but _you have bers in 50 States and 14 countries, and is engineer had exposed her to "secrets." got to all agree, up front, on the size of the dedicated to increasing public awareness of The Gorenshtein's who currently live in Len­ pie you're slicing-that is your job as an risks to the sea otter's well-being and to en­ ingrad, are hoping to be reunited with Boris' American. couraging the implementation of measures to brother and mother, both of whom have al­ I know that I am just a little guy, one of ensure its protection. ready emigrated to Israel. This week I sent a about 244,000,000 people in this country, The organization's achievements in the 20 letter to General Secretary Gorbachev, signed but you are one of just 535 people who decide the destiny of all of us. I am not near years of its existence have been numerous. It by over 80 of my colleagues, asking him to as worried about what the Russians are played a key role in securing the listing of the put his money where his mouth is when it doing to us, as I am about what you guys species as a threatened species on the Fed­ comes to glasnost and peristroika for the are doing to us. eral endangered species list; worked with the Soviet people, and to grant the Gorenshtein I think it is fair to say that we will all be State, State agencies, and commercial fisher­ family the right to leave the Soviet Union. happier in the long run if you 535 people men and others to develop regulations on the can get united on this one issue and lick this setting of certain fishing nets which had problem. Oh, we will still complain, but we CELEBRATING THE BICENTEN­ always complain. You need to do what is caused otter mortalities; and worked to pro­ best for us in spite of some of our com­ mote the establishment of the San Nicolas re­ NIAL OF GEORGETOWN UNI­ plaints. serve colony. VERSITY This letter isn't a threat. In fact, I feel But the work of the Friends of the Sea Otter more like we are at your mercy. Please, is not limited to those issues which affect only HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE LET'S BALANCE THE BUDGET. the sea otter. The organization has been An American who cares, active on a wide variety of marine and coastal OF MASSACHUSETTS DAN GARRETT, issues. It has worked to protect the coast IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REBECCA GARRETT. from the threats of offshore oil drilling, from Friday, September 30, 1988 the dumping of toxic and contaminated waste HONORING THE SEA OTTER water from the San Joaquin Valley, and other Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, this weekend issues of critical importance to both humans Georgetown University celebrates its bicenten­ HON. LEON E. PANETTA and sea otters. I might add that these are nial. Throughout 200 years, Georgetown has OF CALIFORNIA issues which are of concern to the vast major­ grown and diversified, enriching the experi­ ence of its students and preparing them for a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ity of my constitutents and many others along new and changing world. Throughout those Friday, September 30, 1988 the California coast. We celebrate this double anniversary first two centuries, this university on the Potomac Mr. PANETIA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to and foremost, for what it is-the recognition of has also remained committed to the three draw my colleagues attention to an important the survival of an important species and of the very fundamental principles that have become upcoming event. In a few weeks, many in Cali­ hard work of a group of extraordinary people the themes of this bicentennial-education, fornia and across the Nation will be celebrat­ dedicated to the animal's well-being. faith, and freedom. ing a noteworthy double anniversary. This But I believe that we should celebrate this Anyone who has visited Georgetown during year is the 50th anniversary of the rediscovery double anniversary for the important message the last year knows what I mean when I talk of the southern sea otter, a small and rare which it sends to all of us. The near extinction about the growth of the university. The marine mammal previously thought to be ex­ of the sea otter and its recent increases in campus is spotted with new buildings. The tinct. It is also the 20th anniversary of the population show us that man can make a dif­ construction of a brand new multimillion dollar founding of a major organization dedicated to ference-be it positive or negative-in the student center, the addition of three new dor­ the preservation of this rare species, Friends natural environment around him. Man was mitories, and the completion of the solar-pow­ of the Sea Otter. I hope that Members of the given a rare second chance to assist in the ered International Cultural Center are part of House will join me in commemorating both recovery of the sea otter, and the work of the the university's preparation for the future. In these important anniversaries. Friends of the Sea Otter demonstrates that every sense the school is reaching forward. The southern California sea otter once flour­ we should seize upon these opportunities. · The tremendous growth of Georgetown's ished along the central California coast. Its Thus, as we celebrate this anniversary, I campus complements a broadening of curricu­ numbers decreased, however, probably as a hope that we will also consider the many lum, sport, and student life at the university result of fur trading in the 18th and 19th cen­ threats to our coasts and waterways, even to that have combined to make Georgetown one turies, and it was considered to be extinct. On life on the planet, and ask ourselves what kind of the Nation's finest educational institutions. March 19, 1938, however, a small group of of impact we are making, remembering always Its reputation for academic excellence is otters was spotted rafting in kelp beds, along that the potential for positive change exists. In widely recognized. Scholars in the field of po­ a newly built bridge in Big Sur. Since the re­ this respect, the survival of the sea otter and litical science, law, philosophy, medicine, Eng­ discovery, millions of visitors to the California the good work of Friends of the Sea Otter lish, theology, and history have come to coast have enjoyed watching the sea otter's stand as shining examples for all of us. Georgetown to join a distinguished faculty and playful antics. I urge my colleagues to join me in saluting to teach a bright, motivated student body-a The species has struggled, however. It is the 50th anniversary of the rediscovery of the student body that has relied on its George­ listed as a Federal threatened species, and California sea otter and the 20th anniversary town experience to become leaders in our the State of California has designated it as a of the Friends of the Sea Otter. towns, in our country, and around the globe. fully protected mammal, and provided addi­ But perhaps the most unique aspect of a tional statutory measures to ensure its surviv­ Georgetown education is the moral and spirit­ al. Despite these efforts, however, the sea THE GORENSHTEIN FAMILY ual reflection it inspires in its students. Both otter has not regained its former numbers or the Catholic and lay community at George­ range, and concerns for its long term well­ HON. BOB McEWEN town University are uniquely aware of the po­ being remain. Indeed, just last year, the U.S. OF OHIO tential for spiritual growth, both individually Fish and Wildlife Service undertook a sea IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and in the community. In the classrooms, in otter translocation program to move a colony counseling, and in the dormitories, there exists of sea otters to San Nicolas Island, where the Friday, September 30, 1988 a tremendous respect for the ability and po­ otter had once flourished, to protect the spe­ Mr. McEWEN. Mr. Speaker, Boris Goren­ tential for individuals as part of a greater cies from the threat of catastrophic events, shtein, his wife Aliza, and their two children, whole. Faith is an important part of the such as oil spills. lnna and Yuli, have been waiting roughly 10 Georgetown experience. September 30, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27335 However, throughout the Nation the univer­ puts taxpayer dollars more blatantly at risk, would also increase the FSLIC recapitalization sity's name is often identified not with aca­ and may simply create large institutions by $5 to $15.8 billion and remove the annual demic excellence or spiritual growth, but with whose ultimate solvency and stability is far limit on bond issuance, paving the way for in­ the team coached by John Thompson-the from assured. creased reliance on bond authority. Finally, it Hoyas. The basketball program at George­ Under CEBA, the Congress recapitalized will reassert a congressional preference for town has brought tremendous pride and en­ the FSLIC with $10.8 billion and provided for the use of FICO bonds rather than FSLIC thusiasm to the university. With the basketball the issuance of long-term FICO bonds, the notes. At a minimum, we can introduce some program, we've seen the track and field, la­ proceeds of which were to be used for the accountability into this process in the short crosse, and volleyball programs grow as well. rapid closure of hopelessly insolvent institu­ term. But more importantly, we've seen an enthusi­ tions. We should have admitted then, and I would welcome the support of my col­ must admit now, that the recapitalization level asm for sport that has taken over the campus, leagues. was woefully inadequate; and the annual limi­ keeping the recreational Hoyas healthy. The text of the bill follows: Mr. Speaker, over the last 20 years George­ tation put on bond issuance made the system town has achieved an unparalleled balance more unworkable still. H.R.- between the challenge of preparing students Absent sufficient funds to close the hope­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of for an increasingly international and dynamic lessly insolvent institutions, the Board has de­ Representatives of the United States of world and ensuring that they approach that vised its own high-risk strategy. It is issuing America in Congress assembled; world with sound values and spiritual strength. ever rising levels of FSLIC notes in connec­ SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. That kind of balance must be made by wise tion with a flurry of mergers of weakened insti­ This Act may be cited as the "Federal Sav­ and creative men with vision. I would be tutions. Given the insolvency of the insurance ings and Loan Insurance Corporation Re­ remiss if I didn't take this opportunity to men­ funds, investors and accountants are dubious capitalization Amendments of 1988". about the ultimate value of these notes, and tion two of those men at Georgetown, the uni­ SEC. 2. FICO OBLIGATIONS. versity's president Father Timothy Healy, with good reason as long as there is no limit in sight. And with each note issued, the poten­ (a) INCREASE IN LIMITATION ON OUTSTAND­ Father T. Byron Collins and my good, good ING OBLIGATIONS OF FICO.-Section tial taxpayer burden rises. friend, Father William George. 2l of the Federal Home Loan Bank In 1815, the Congress granted the universi­ Nor is the ultimate need to back up the Act (12 U.S.C. 144l and (c) of section 404; Board about the cost efficiencies of current ernment stands behind consumer deposits, it and "(iii) receivership assets; or case "resolution" procedures and have been stands behind any obligations incurred in their "(B) $20,000,000,000.". assured that the cash projections of the Board name, is to make an enormous leap of faith. indicate it can easily meet projected burdens. That is a decision only the Congress can SEC. 4. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS. In reality, talk about case "resolutions" is dan­ make. To date, Congress has not given the It is the sense of the Congress that, in gerously premature. And the Board's wildly Board a license to issue, in effect, unlimited providing assistance through the Federal optimistic cash-flow projections seem to rise Treasury debt and I do not want Congress to Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation to conveniently to meet its exponentially increas­ be backed into that position. resolve cases involving failed or failing thrift institutions, the Federal Home Loan ing costs. It is time for Congress to reassert control Bank Board should rely primarily on raising Without congressional authorization, the over this process. GAO has repeatedly re­ funds through the Financial Corporation as Board has taken us from a strategy approved quested that the Board put an explicit cap on a mechanism for providing such assistance under last year's Competitive Equality Banking the level of notes it will issue to ensure public rather than relying on other forms of assist­ Act that is budget neutral, relies on industry confidence. If the Board won't-and it contin­ ance which the Federal Savings and Loan self-help, and is directed at· the quick closing ues to refuse to do so-the Congress must. Insurance Corporation is authorized to pro­ of clearly insolvent institutions, to one which The legislation I am introducing would put vide, such as issuing promissory notes or will impact severely on the Federal budget, an absolute cap on the notes at $20 billion. It providing guarantees.

19-059 0-89-16 (Pt. 19) 27336 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 THE DEATH OF J.C. HEARD-DE­ to know the sweet ferocity that is jazz at its when they heard he was here. He had lost TROIT'S AND THE NATION'S finest. personal contact with those people, and it LEGENDARY JAZZ DRUMMER Gillespie, just off the plane from New helped him gain back his credibility within York, was subdued as he remembered. himself when he saw them seeking him "I met him in 1938, over in the Valley," he out." HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. said, referring to Detroit's long-gone black The Detroit News' Michigan Magazine OF MICHIGAN entertainment district, Paradise Valley. named Heard a Michiganian of the Year in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "He was the most prolific of drummers. 1987. He annually played Montreux Detroit He set such high standards." and once served as its ambassador of gbod­ Friday, September 30, 1988 Born in Dayton, Ohio, Oct. 8, 1917, Heard will, touring Europe. Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, it is with great broke into the business in Detroit on the He is listed in Who's Who of Jazz and the sadness that I inform my colleagues of the vaudeville stage, where he picked up his in­ Jazz Encyclopedia. passing of the 71-year-old legendary jazz defatigable showbiz persons. He was a tap Heard created his own scene here, gather­ drummer, J.C. Heard. During his lifetime, he dancer and singer in amateur shows at age ing around him musicians who were attract­ 11. His mother dressed him in short trousers ed to his personal magnetism, his jazz spirit. performed with most of the jazz giants of and a bow tie and gave him a megaphone to Sundiata Keits, a percussionist, called him America including Coleman Hawkins, Benny sing through. He added the dancing. "a major influence on my training.'' That is Carter, Cab Calloway, Duke Ellington, Count At age 15, he dropped out of school to a sobriquet that many younger musicians Basie, Woody Herman, Louis Armstrong, devote all his time to performing, learning readily pin on this man, who had come to be Teddy Wilson, Charlie Parker, Oscar Peterson, from Cuba Austin, the McKinney Cotton known as Detroit's grandmaster of jazz. Billie Holiday, Dinah Washington, Lena Horne, Pickers' legendary drummer, and from visit­ "I am forever indebted to him because he and Ella Fitzgerald. ing stars Big Sid Catlett and Chick Webb. always looked out for the younger musi­ By 1936 he had his own group at Detroit's cians," Keits said. J.C. Heard was a prodigious and versatile Cozy Corner. Heard's big band had been formed six artist, a band leader, singer and tapdancer After a number of offers from musicians years ago as a one-night-only setup to cele­ who appeared on stages around the world. He visiting the Corner, he joined Teddy Wil­ brate Ellington's birthday, but gradually performed on more than 1,200 recordings with son's band. That led to stints with Coleman grew into a terrific vehicle for modern jazz, his own and other bands. Few artists were Hawkins, Benny Carter, Cab Calloway, as Heard found renewed delight in leading more supportive in urging passage of House Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Woody his own orchestra. The band was catching Concurrent Resolution 57 expressing the Herman, Louis Armstrong, Charlie Parker, on outside of Detroit, playing around the Oscar Peterson and records with Billie Holi­ state last year as part of the sesquicenten­ sense of Congress that jazz is a national day, Dinah Washington and Ella Fitzgerald. nial celebration, visiting Montreal last American treasure. He and his brother, Dave When he had his own band in the 1940s in summer and aiming for the Chicago Jazz Heard, were utterly devoted in their commit­ a New York club called Cafe Society, he Festival and Europe next year. ment to the preservation and support of this gave a chance to a beautiful young singer "He made all kinds of sacrifices for the great art form. who to this day, publicly claims it was her music," Gillespie said. "Having a big band J.C. Heard truly exemplified the spirit of this first big break in show business. Her name: depending on you-whew, that is a lot of Lena Horne. stress.'' magnificent music that he loved and lived for, He cut one of the first bebop records with The word spoken most often at Wednes- . and his contributions to it will be the most Charlie Parker and Gillespie. day's rehearsal was this one: inspiration. lasting evidence of enormous talent. From "He created the guideline for drummers Heard, his obvious joy for life, his untiring jazz at the Philharmonic appearance in the who have come after him," Gippespie said. lust for great jazz superbly performed, his forties to his final appearance this month, he "He was a member of the drum triumvirate, crazy jokes, ribald ribbing, constant showbiz will never be forgotten. along with Kenny Clarke, who invented patter from the stand-it was all pure inspi­ bebop drumming, and Max Roach. His loss ration to those around him. The following articles on J.C. Heard's life is like losing Charlie Parker, or Kenny. He "When I get discouraged with how hard and accomplishments were printed in the De­ made thousands of records. Thousands." this business is," Fleming said, "I used to troit News and the Detroit Free Press. They In the late '40s, Heard, Krupa and Rich talk to him about it. He would always put it speak to the extraordinary life and times of were among the all-stars of American jazz in perspective. He always renewed my vitali­ this artist and I would like to share them with who performed in the renowned Jazz at the ty. He always inspired me." my colleagues in the RECORD: Philharmonic concert series. Although Added Earl Van Riper, an old friend and Krupa, Rich and Heard usually played sepa­ Heard's pianist since 1979: "He was quite HE WAS THE MOST PROLIFIC OF DRUMMERS­ rately, there were hot moments when important to the people that were seriously THE JAZZ COMMUNITY MOURNS THE DEATH Krupa and Rich dueled on the skins, and involved in the Detroit jazz scene. He had OF FRIEND AND "GRANDMASTER" J.C. HEARD they got hotter when Heard joined the such an effect on them with his personality (By Jim Dulzo) battle. The three seemed to have a tight and enthusiasm.'' It was the most somber of rehearsals, grip on drumming awards. "Nobody ever said anything bad about made ever more painful by irony: It should Heard visited Japan with a package of jazz J.C.," Fleming said, shaking his head. have been the most joyful of reunions. superstars, met his wife-to-be, Hiroko, and "People loved him. He was a lovable guy. There they were-Dizzy Gillespie and some stayed on for four more years before coming Hopefully, some of the young guys learned of Detroit's finest musicians, terribly quiet, back to the States in 1957. from him.'' eyes rimmed with tears, walking around the "Sometimes people ask, 'Who's J.C. Surviving Heard are his wife, Hiroko, son stage of the Detroit Institute of Arts audito­ Heard?'" Heard once recalled, "People say, Eric, two grandchildren, one brother and rium in a trance. 'Why everyone who loves jazz knows him.' one sister. J.C. Heard, legendary drummer, band­ They say, 'How come you're not on TV? Visitation will be 5-9 tonight and 1-9 p.m. leader and bon vivant, was dead at 71. How come you're not in Hollywood?' I say, Friday in the Hopcroft-Swanson Funeral Heard died of a heart attack Tuesday in 'I've seen them stars driving up in their Home, 31445 John R. Madison Heights. Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, ending a Rolls-Royces to pick up their unemploy­ Services will be at 1 p.m. Saturday in the fu­ career that sometimes ran parallel with ment checks.' " neral home, with burial in White Chapel those of the late Gene Krupa and Buddy In New York he cut still more albums, Memorial Park, Troy. Rich. shifting effortlessly from the swing era to Last year Heard was operated on success­ the new thing, bebop. fully for colon cancer and had not had a re­ But he moved back to Detroit in 1966 for JAZZ WORLD MOURNS DEATH OF DETROIT'S currence. He had no previous history of good-a tough decision for someone with J. C. HEARD heart trouble, said his daughter-in-law, such an insatiable taste for nonstop action. Cindy Heard. "What felt good for me," said Jim Flem­ eral years ago, "And I never forgot that day, He can't be replaced. It is a deep loss to the The school building was old and drafty. I kept the drums, I really got hung up with arts in Michigan." The 91 students were orphans and boys the drums." In addition to his wife and son, Heard is from poor homes. The principal and sole Thus began a career that lasted almost 50 survived by his brother David; sister, Shir­ teacher, Nathan Hedges, was hated as a years. Despite some serious abdominal sur­ ley, and two grandchildren, Erica, five tyrant whose stern disciplinary techniques gery in 1987, Heard was back at work with months, and Samantha, five years old, both included flogging. his band two weeks after leaving the hospi­ of Royal Oak. Samantha was the subject of And yet it was the start of something big tal. He continued to maintain a full sched­ a song, "Samantha, It's You," on Heard's and, to generations that followed, some­ ule of performing and recording till the end. album, "Some of This, Some of That," on thing wonderful. His current 13-piece band was organized in the Hiroko label, released about a year ago. That something big became known and re­ 1982. He was in process of cutting it down to "Heard came from the old school of big nowned as Newark High School-later as nine because he felt a smaller band would Barringer High, the first high school in New be easier to book. band drummers and they don't make them Jersey, the third in the nation and through One of heard's early influences was Chick any better," said trumpeter Walter Szy­ the long years the beloved academic breed­ Webb, whom he first met in 1937. "I had manski, music director and arranger since ing ground of scholars, statesmen, doctors, never heard anybody play drums like that 1982 with the Heard band, after this star athletes and many other distinguished in my life," he told jazz historian Stanley month's Montreux-Detroit appearance. alumni. Dance. "Chick could not only swing the "He's the engine, the locomotive of the This is the 150th anniversary year of the band, but his attack in solos was spectacu­ train. He isn't a guy who just read some founding of Barringer High School, an insti­ lar. I'd sit up at the bandstand, right by books. He's been there, he's done it, he's the tution that got its wobbly start on Bank Chick, listening to him on those accents all one who gets every one of us up for it. He's Street and was later to occupy a knoll called night long." like a little kid.'' "Goat Hill" overlooking a swamp that was Heard performed with the big bands of And he was until the very end. transformed into Branch Brook Park, the 27338 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 crown jewel in the nation's first county "Another day," he related, "I was at a aside for free education. The Bank Street park system. party in a Manhattan apartment when sev­ high school opened two years later with the Students and faculty at Barringer are in eral guests I didn't even know started sing­ despised Mr. Hedges at the helm and a cur­ the midst of preparations for a year of pro­ ing the Barringer alma mater, 'Over Many a riculum left largely to his whim. grams and special events that include publi­ City.' In 1845, John Whitehead, a new member cation of an anniversary edition of the "It's hard to convey the tremendous pride of the school committee, toured Newark's senior yearbook, "Athenaeum," and a mas­ and loyalty students of Barringer feel for schools and was appalled by the overcrowd­ sive autumn reunion of alumni. the school. I'm a product of the 1940s. Back ing, understaffing, and walls "green with Owing to the strong tradition of alumni then your school stood next to God, home mould." loyalty at Barringer, the reunion may prove and country.'' Replying to Whitehead's report, the city a record breaker. The school is reaching Restaino said Barringer always had a su­ council president said education must stand back to its 1925 yearbook for graduates' perior faculty, with many graduates return­ aside while the city sought "an additional names and has hired a computerized firm of ing from college to teach. The school cur­ supply of water and more policemen.'' reunion specialists to track them down and rently has 30 teachers who were graduates. Whitehead rejoined that the council presi­ send out invitations. "They were steeped in Latin, Greek, astron­ dent must decide whether a generation "If you figure an average of 200 graduates omy and math in the tradition of the great "should grow up uneducated and unfitted a year for 63 years, it comes out to more academy schools," he said. "One Latin for citizenship or whether the city should than 12,000 names," said Vincent Guarino, teacher had written the textbook he used. wait a while for more water and police pro­ chairman of the school's newly organized "It was like being part of a huge, illustri­ tection." Alumni Association committee. "We may ous family, something like the 'Long Gray The remark goaded 11 city aldermen to have to hire the Brendan Byrne Arena!" Line' at West Point, only ours was the 'Long board a horse-drawn car for a tour of the The 55-year old Guarino, class of 1948 and Blue Line.' You were imbued with that sort schools. Shocked by the tour, the council a Barringer physical education teacher, has­ of spirit. that night unanimously granted the de­ tened to add there would be a "cutoff point" "And the academic standards were high. mands for more and better schools. somewhere if the list of acceptances be­ Barringer graduates would be accepted by A Board of Education was created in 1850 comes unwieldy. The "somewhere" has yet colleges without going through admission to institute a public school system, and two to be decided. tests. The school had what we call a 'posi­ years later property was acquired at the "It'll be first-come, first-served," he said. tive climate.' It's an important ingredient in corner of Washington and Linden Streets "So far we have names and addresses of the educational experience and it persisted for a new Newark High School. 1,300 graduates, plus all the football play­ even during the troublesome 1960s and The new brick building opened its doors ers, including those who became pros, like 1970s.'' on Jan. 7, 1853. It was three stories high and Andre Tippett of the Patriots and Pete Joanne Girkant of Caldwell, who retired had an enrollment of 498 boys and girls. For Shaw of the Giants." last July after 40 years as a Barringer Eng­ 20 years, the first floor was occupied by the Stephen Awerman of Reunions Unlimited lish teacher, observed that, "The school has city's volunteer fire forces. in Florham Park said his four-year old firm changed, but of course the entire American "The boys and girls were separated into does about 100 reunions a year, mostly high society has changed, but I think something two distinct departments, the girls on the school events, and that the biggest so far of the old spirit is still there, particularly was a multi-year reunion for a Brooklyn among the faculty.'' second floor and the boys on the third," said school that drew 650 alumni. Reflecting on her many years as a teach­ Di Gerlando. "They were not allowed to "For Barringer, we'll focus first on five er, and adviser to "The Acropolis," the mingle, either inside the school or outside. major geographic areas," said Awerman. oldest high school newspaper in the coun­ The rules were very strict." "We'll concentrate at first on the last 40 try, Girkant said: The schedule and curriculum of the years, then go back before that. Graduates "I simply loved being a teacher. If I had school was unique, if compared to today's of 50 and 60 years ago will be few and far my life to live over again-my career to live secondary education. To be admitted, a stu­ between, but we'll look. We're prepared to over. I would be a teacher." dent had to be proficient in elementary go to Timbuktu." Sal Di Gerlando, an art teacher at Bar­ school studies, have a record of high attend­ Some old grads should prove easy to ringer, has researched the school's long his­ ance and good conduct, be vaccinated, and locate-U.S. Supreme Court Justice William tory for the special anniversary edition of pass an entrance exam. Brennan, for example, and Rep. Peter the yearbook, which students are helping The course of study included chemistry, Rodino did not receive a diploma. He foster enrichment activities for our school." The journal noted the passing of Lincoln left school in the last month of his senior In 1838, when Newark High School came through the city in the fall of 1861, the year year. He was a popular student who played into being on the first floor of an old Bank the Civil War began, observing that "it was the piano at assemblies and staged musical Street building, the city had only 16,000 in­ an historic and memorable occasion for all shows. Some believe Kern's early Broadway habitants. It was the era of the horse and who witnessed the procession." successes included songs that were recasts buggy, unpaved streets, and candlelit dwell­ During the war, 200 Newark High boys of numbers from his senior class production. ings. served in the Union Army. Into battle at "Barringer has a history of incredible Four public grammar schools had been in places like Antietam and Gettysburg the alumni loyalty," said Pat Restaino, a gradu­ existence for 18 years, one in each of the New Jersey regiment of volunteers, which ate of the school who returned to teach and city's four wards, and each with male and mustered on the grounds of Branch Brook become principal during some of its most tu­ female departments. Classes met in damp Park, carried a silk flag with gold tassels multuous years-the 1970s. "You can travel and dingy basements of churches and other and lace and the 34 stars of the states. anywhere in the United States and you'll buildings. An African school for blacks met The girls of Newark High had raised $80 run into Barringer graduates and reminders in the basement of the African Church. to pay for the flag, which was sewn by a of the school." As early as 1828, a special school commit­ French seamstress. Restaino, now principal of the city's Sci­ tee had recommended establishment of a Pat Restaino, former Barringer principal, ence High School, said that one Thanksgiv­ high school to serve the 160 grammar said students of the school played a role in ing Day he woke up in a small south Texas school students who "have begun to write all the nation's wars from the Civil War to town to find the local paper had run the and cypher, and are sufficiently advanced to Vietnam. scores of the Barringer-East Orange football send to a high school." "For many years there was a plaque in the games-the longest school football rivalry in The city's new charter in 1836 provided main corridor in me~ry of a young man the country. for public schooling, and $3,500 was set killed in the Spanish-American War," he September 30, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27339 said. "It was put up by his buddies who re­ The former employers of Wayland E. In this case, Lieutenant Mazure was sub­ turned every Memorial Day to place a Stearns described him as "firm and exact­ jected to court martial proceedings when she wreath over the plaque. It continued until ing" when he left the Rome, N.Y., school dated and later married a marine lance corpo­ the last veteran had died. It was very touch­ system to become principal of Newark High ing to see the old soldiers returning to their in 1900. ral. Not only were they not in the same chain school." "Instead," said Di Gerlando, "Pop' of command, but they were not serving in the In 1875, Dr. William N. Barringer of Troy, Stearns proved to be gentle, understanding same branch of service. Yet only after promi­ N.Y., was hired as superintendent of and progressive. He became a very popular nent coverage on the ABC News show, Night­ schools. principal who instituted many new courses." line, and the intervention of a U.S. Congress­ "He took up his job with great enthusi­ The decades that followed proved relative­ man were the charges dropped. asm," said Di Gerlando. "The effort, cour­ ly placid at the school until 1964 when the It is difficult to imagine how a Naval officer's age and faith he imparted to the Newark new Barringer opened its doors to an addi­ dating and later marrying a marine lance cor­ school system exerted great influence on tional 1,000 students from drastically in­ the youth of the city." creased district lines. poral could affect good order and discipline­ Enrollment at Newark High led to over­ "A school that had a black student popu­ especially in light of the fact that this is a crowding by 1886, and Dr. Barringer per­ lation of about 10 percent suddenly was con­ common practice throughout the services. suaded the school board to enlarge the fronted with a large number of black enroll­ Women are a vital part of our military per­ building. Nineteen rooms were added, and ees," said Di Gerlando. "The existing white sonnel today and have been for some time. an annex was built for the girls. student body and the black students were But our fraternization policies were developed Continued increases in enrollment result­ suddenly thrust together in an unfamiliar during a time when women and men who ed in overcrowding again by 1895. Newark building that sprawled over five acres. served their country were much more segre­ High had 700 students jammed into facili­ " It was a far cry from a small, familiar old ties meant for 500. Dr. Barringer's dream building. Barringer had always been a local, gated then they are today. for a new high school was fulfilled when community school. The faculty and mem­ We now have no consistent or uniform frat­ plans were approved for a new building con­ bers of the committee for the new Barringer ernization policy governing relationships be­ taining 38 rooms and an auditorium. were under the delusion that this new struc­ tween different branches of the Armed The site selected for the new school, a ture would simply replace the old school Forces. remote section of the city where goats plant. Nobody was prepared for what took In some branches of the service, this new grazed near a quarry, drew protests that the place." reality is addressed, in others it appears not to city would never enlarge to those extremes, Racial confrontation increased at Bar­ be. Whatever the policy, however, unless it is and particularly not in that direction. ringer after the rioting in the city during Construction was begun in 1897 and com­ the summer of 1967 and the climate was consistent, a workable and fair fraternization pleted in 1899. The class of 1898 was the last tense during the 1970s as debate raged over policy will be impossible. to graduate from the Washington and the war in Vietnam and the role young That is why we are introducing this resolu­ Linden Streets building. Costing $300,000, Americans were playing in it. tion, which expresses the sense of Congress the new school was regarded as one of the "Educators all over were unprepared for that current fraternization policies of the finest architectural achievements in the the changes occurring in their schools," re­ Armed Forces of the United States do not city. called Di Gerlando. Some staff members left adequately address the complex issues pre­ On a nearby tract, at the time, stone Newark. Others were able to adjust and use sented by the increased pressence of women markers were laid out to outline the ground the new experiences to build on their com­ plan for the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart, mitment to an equal education to all youth, in the military. and work was begun to transform the no matter the color or creed. Many of these It calls for a report to Congress by the Sec­ swamp into what became Branch Brook teachers are still on the faculty of Bar­ retary of Defense that addresses the issue of Park with its famous groves of Japanese ringer." fraternization in the military services. The cherry trees. Di Gerlando said articles by students call­ report should make recommendations to the Di Gerlando noted that the "Colored ing for unity that appeared in the Acropolis President and Congress on changes in frater­ School" of pre-Civil War days continued on newspapers in the late 1970s reflected a nization policy that may be required in a to 1900, even though segregation was weakening of discrimination in the nation. modern military. banned in 1872, and black teachers received The antagonism that existed between the the lowest salaries in the entire system. races subsided as the black population at Nearly everyone agrees that a sound, work­ "In the early 1870s, a talented black girl Barringer expanded. Hispanic students able fraternization policy is necessary to main­ named Irene Pastaquam attempted to enter today represent 60 percent of the student tain good order, discipline, and high unit Newark High and was opposed," said Di body. morale. But the current fraternization policies Gerlando. "A black teacher at the Colored of the Armed Forces have not been uniformly School fought for her and she was admitted. and consistently developed, and do not ade­ By 1908, about 1,000 black children were at­ THE BYRON-CHANDLER quately address the realities inherent in a tending formerly white schools." FRATERNIZATION BILL modern, fully sexually integrated, military One of the dangers of trolley travel during this period were the many railroad grade force. levels that had to be crossed. On December HON. ROD CHANDLER 3, 1904, a trolley packed with 120 passen­ REGARDING FLOOR VOTES ON gers-most of them Barringer students-was OF WASHINGTON heading north on Clifton Avenue from its IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 26 AND Orange Street stop just before 9 a.m. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, The air was crisp and filled with student Friday, September 30, 1988 1988 song. As the trolley neared the Lackawanna Mr. CHANDLER. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, tracks, a speeding Bernardsville Special joined the distinguished chairwoman of the HON. JOHN J. RHODES III whistled its approach from the west. The Armed Services Military Personnel Subcom­ crossing gate went down and the motorman OF ARIZONA mittee, Mrs. BYRON, in introducing a bill that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES applied his brakes, but the trolley slid onto addresses some serious problems with the the tracks and was shattered by the locomo­ Friday, SP-ptember 30, 1988 tive. fraternization policies of our armed services. "Nine Barringer students were killed, and Along with the gentlelady from Illinois, Ms. Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, this week I was 30 were injured," said Di Gerlando. "Nearly MARTIN, and the gentleman from Missouri, Mr. absent from the floor during rollcall votes Nos. every room in the school was affected, with SKELTON, we hope to persuade the Defense 346 and 364 through 369. Had I been present, a child dead or in the hospital." Department to review the various and often I would have voted as follows: The following year, a memorial stained conflicting policies of the four military services Rollcall No. 346: "No." glass window depicting the education of an toward fraternization between officers and en­ Rollcall No. 364: "No." American Indian boy was installed above listed persons. Rollcall No. 365: "No." the entrance to Barringer. It was dedicated to the victims of the tragedy. In the present Last spring I became involved in resolving Rollcall No. 366: "No." day Barringer, it is installed on the north the case of Navy Medical Corps Lt. Kathleen Rollcall No. 367: "Yes." wall of the auditorium exterior. A tablet Mazure, who became implicated in a widely Rollcall No. 368: "Yes." lists the names of the victims. publicized fraternization case. Rollcall No. 369: "Yes." 27340 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 Thank you for this opportunity to record my behalf of the Birmingham Six. The Commis­ tion at the relevant time gave evidence to votes on these issues. sion sits as the appellate body which adjudi­ the effect that they had seen either actual cates alleged violations of the European Con­ brutality inflicted on Defendants prior to or vention on Human Rights of which the United during their interrogations, or the results of A TRIBUTE TO CAPT. ESTA J. such brutality having been inflicted. Two ALLEN Kingdom is a signatory. It is our intention to lend our support to this petition at the appro­ serving prison officers gave evidence that upon the mens' first reception into prison priate time. from police custody, they had seen evidence HON. BOB McEWEN At this point in the RECORD, I wish to insert OF OHIO of injuries upon their bodies that must have Gareth Pierce's letter to the committee, and a been inflicted in the preceding two to three IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES summary of the Amnesty report. I urge my col­ days. Friday, September 30, 1988 leagues to read this material carefully. Given that the forum constituted to con­ sider evidence and determine guilt or inno­ Mr. McEWEN. Mr. Speaker, Rev. Billy B.M. BIRNBERG & Co., Graham was quoted once as saying "Courage London, England, September 29, 1988. cence is the jury, the Defendants complain is contagious. When a brave man takes a Re The Birmingham Pub Bombing Appeal. that the failure in their case of any jury to stand, the spines of others are often stiff­ have considered at least half of the evidence Ad Hoc Congressional Committee tor Irish now available leads to a denial of their right ened." With this statement in mind I wish to Affairs, House of Representatives, Wash­ to a fair trial. No forum could properly bring to my colleague's attention the courage ington, DC, U.S.A. DEAR SIRs: We are most greateful to you make an assessment on evidence without of Capt. Esta J. Allen of the Southern Ohio having heard the entirety, but moreover it Correctional Facility Fire Department. for the courteous hearing that you gave to this case and to other linked issues on Sep­ is a denial of the right to trial by jury, for On September 12 of this year Captain Allen tember 22nd. We are sending to you (sepa­ appellate Judges to substitute themselves came upon the burning auto of Betty J. Carver rately) a summary of our submissions for that forum. who had just been involved in an auto acci­ during that hearing and also the full text 2. The second complaint stems from the dent which left her unconscious. With com­ and appendices of the petition which we are approach adopted by the Judges, namely plete disregard for his own safety, Captain today submitting to the European Commis­ that the Defendants were guilty; that the Allen pulled Ms. Carver from the burning sion of Human Rights which sits in Stras­ verdict of the jury should stand unless wreck and performed mouth-to-mouth resusci­ bourg in France. That Commission sits as proven to the contrary beyond reasonable tation after discovering she had stopped the appellate body which adjudicates upon doubt; and consequently in considering the alleged violations of the European Conven­ evidence put forward on appeal and heard breathing. She was later life flighted to Grant tion on Human Rights. The Convention has Hospital in Columbus where her condition has been ratified by the United Kingdom as well by them, Judges were applying a burden of steadily improved. as 19 other European States, and represents proof different to the one adopted in crimi­ Mr. Speaker, I would just like to add that for Defendants in England, the only poten­ nal trials. They were requiring the Defend­ Captain Allen has been an employee of the tial of any philosophical consideration of a ants to prove their innocence beyond rea­ sonable doubt, rather than applying the l)epartment of Rehabilitation and Corrections violation of a human right. As you will be aware, there is no constitution in England, burden of proof demanded in criminal trials, for over 25 years. For the past 10 he has and consequently no equivalent of the namely that such a burden rests upon the served as the institution inspector I security United States Supreme Court, to which one prosecution and not the defence. The Am­ and safety officer, in addition to his duties as can complain of the breach of a right. nesty International report upon the appeal Fire Chief. It is my honor to take this opportu­ In the Birmingham case, in which 6 per­ hearing emphasises this point among nity to relate to you his heroic act. sons were convicted in 1975 of multiple others. counts of murder, having exhausted their 3. The third area of complaint relates to domestic remedies, those 6 Defendants will the fact that when evidence is heard by an not petition the European Commission of AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL EX­ Human Rights for redress. appeal court sitting as the Court of first in­ PRESSES CONCERN OVER BIR­ They will allege that there are violations stance, there is no appeal from that hear­ of two articles of the Convention. ing, whereas in relation to a trial, where MINGHAM SIX CONVICTION there have been errors during the trial, the AND APPEAL Article 6 guarantees that each person, in the determination .of any criminal charge Court of Appeal exists as a forum to correct against him, is entitiled to a "fair and public such errors. Consequently this violates the HON. HAMILTON FISH, JR. hearing". Article 13 guarantees that every­ provision in the European Convention, that OF NEW YORK one whose rights and freedoms as set out in there should be an effective remedy before IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the · Convention are violated "shall have an a national authority. There is no such effective remedy before a national author­ remedy available to the Birmingham De­ Friday, September 30, 1988 ity". fendants in appealing the decision of the Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, as the cochairman The complaint that the 6 Defendants Court of Appeal when it has taken upon of the bipartisan Ad Hoc Congressional Com­ make is threefold and is to the effect that itself to substitute itself for a trail jury. mittee for Irish Affairs with over 11 0 members, they have been denied the right to a fair The 6 Defendants who are submitting trial and that there is no remedy available their petition are Hugh Callaghan, Patrick I wish to make my colleagues aware of a in internal national law to that denial. recent report by Amnesty International. The Hill, Gerard Hunter, Richard Mcilkenny, 1. The English system of justice dictates report discusses the case, conviction, and William Power and John Walker. They have that matters of fact in criminal cases are to now served 14 years in prison for this of­ appeal of the so-called Birmingham Six, indi­ be determined by a jury; that each Defend­ viduals convicted in 1975 on murder charges fence. There is little likelihood of their re­ ant in a criminal trial should have the evi­ lease during this century. The consideration in connection with the bombings of pubs in dence against him and the evidence on his by the European Commission of petitions is Birmingham, England. behalf, considered by a jury of his peers drawn at random and representative of the agonisingly slow. We are therefore most The Amnesty report was presented to us at grateful that you have considered that you a September 22 meeting of the committee by corporate good sense of the community from which he comes. In the case of the Bir­ might add your voice to the desirability of Ms. Gareth Pierce, one of the attorneys who mingham Defendants, half the evidence this petition receiving careful consideration. represented the six in their appeal. The Am­ against them was so considered; it was It is seldom that "due process" rights of De­ nesty report is critical not only of the original heard by a jury in 1975. The other half of fendants in this country come under any trial and conviction, but is especially critical of the evidence was not heard until 1987 and international scrutiny and we have no doubt the appeal which resulted in a January 28, was considered not by a jury but by three that our system of justice would be the 1988, upholding of the convictions. Amnesty appellate Judges who refused to order a re­ richer were such scrutiny to be applied more specifically recommended that the case "not trial of the whole of the case. The fresh evi­ often. be closed." dence produced at the appeal was substan­ We can only thank you again for your in­ tial; at the trial the men had alleged brutal­ terest and will take the liberty of forward­ In addition, Attorney Pierce advised the ity on the part of the police that led four of members of the committee in attendance that ing to you the more substantial petition in them to put their names to confessions; in due course. a petition will be filed with the European Com­ 1987 on appeal four police officers who had Yours faithfully, mission on Human Rights in Strasbourg on . been present and on duty at the Police Sta- GARETH PEIRCE. September 30, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27341 APPEAL HEARING OF SIX MEN CONVICTED OF that we are now able to identify so many more THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF BOMBINGS IN BIRMINGHAM hazards, since monitoring and testing technol­ THE MUNICH AGREEMENT OF SUMMARY ogies have allowed us to detect the presence 1938 This paper describes the case of six pris­ of pollutan'ts in the environment at increasing­ oners convicted of murder and sentenced to ly smaller concentrations. Today, we routinely life imprisonment in 1975 in connection HON. ROD CHANDLER measure concentrations of substances in the with pub bombings in Birmingham. OF WASHINGTON John Walker, William Power, Patrick Hill, parts per trillion range. What does this mean? Richard Mcllkenny, Gerry Hunter and Well, one part per trillion is equal to a 6-inch IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hugh Callaghan have consistently claimed leap on a journey to the Sun. Or, one part per Friday, September 30, 1988 to be innocent of the charges, and they have trillion is the equivalent of one pinch of salt on consistently alleged that their signed con­ Mr. CHANDLER. Mr. Speaker, today is the fessions were extracted through improper 10,000 tons of potato chips. 50th anniversary of the Munich Agreement, methods of interrogation by the police. We must begin to put such risks posed by signed on September 30, 1938, by France, They said that these methods included the presence of trace amounts of hazardous Germany, and Great Britain. It was supposed physical ill-treatment and verbal threats of substances into better perspective. During the to bring "peace in our time," but instead violence while they were held incommunica­ early days at the EPA, the primary mission brought war, death, starvation, and homeless­ do. was to clean the visible pollution from the air ness to millions around the globe. In recent years, new evidence has emerged concerning both the reliability of the foren­ and water. In many instances, we are still op­ Some blame Germany's dictator, Adolf sic tests carried out on the men in 1974 and erating in that mode. But, some of our envi­ Hitler, for the betrayal of the agreement. the men's claim that their confessions had ronmental legislation requires that the Federal Surely, had there been no Hitler, war probably been obtained through coercion. In view of Government take action on substances simply would not have broken out in Europe in 1939. this new evidence the Home Secretary de­ because they are present in the environment, But at every step, it is vital that we remember cided in 1987 to refer the case to the Court giving little or no attention to identifying ex­ Hitler never gave a hint that he would honor of Appeals. the agreement. In fact, he consistently raised This paper describes the original trial of posed populations or determining the risks the men in 1975 and the appeal hearing in posed by these substances. his demands with every allied acquiescence. 1987 at which the men argued that the new We have to focus our efforts to achieve the The Munich Agreement allowed Germany to evidence rendered the original convictions most risk reduction while keeping within the fi­ invade sovereign Czechoslovakia's Sudaten­ "unsafe and unsatisfactory". The paper land where many ethnic Germans had lived nancial resources that society has allocated summarizes the testimonies of witnesses peacefully until Hitler's rise to power in 1933. for environmental and public health protection. who gave new evidence to the Court of Britain and France agreed not to oppose the Appeal, as well as the Court's judgment in Today I have introduced the Comprehensive invasion in return for Germany's promise not this case. Environmental Risk Management Act On 28 January 1988 the Court of Appeal to go to war against them in the future. This [CERMA] and I believe this legislation will pro­ was Munich's "peace in our time," as only upheld the convictions of the six prisoners. vide a needed first step in achieving these ob­ The Court did not consider that the new British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain be­ evidence cast sufficient doubt on the origi­ jectives. lieved. In London, Chamberlain called it a nal convictions to render the verdict of the CERMA is intended to promote wider appli­ treaty, in Berlin, Hitler called it a worthless jury "unsafe or unsatisfactory". In connec­ cation of risk assessment and risk manage­ piece of paper, but in Prague, there were riots tion with the evidence about how the con­ ment across the payments at the Environmen­ in the streets. The placards of the mobs fessions had been obtained, the Court dis­ tal Protection Agency. The first requirement in called it betrayal. In less than a year, German missed the testimony of all new witnesses as the bill is to complete risk assessment guide­ either dishonest or irrelevant. In Amnesty troops were occupying all of Czechoslovakia. International's opinion, the Court of Appeal lines for noncancer health effects. These risk In the end, it was Britain's next Prime Minis­ consistently refused in its judgment to give assessment guidelines provide a general ter, Winston Churchill, who remembered the prisoners the benefit of the doubt on framework for developing risk assessments, Chamberlain most accurately. Churchill said important points. Significantly, the Court and will ensure that the EPA will have a stable "his all-pervading hope was to go down in his­ did not specifically deal with the cumulative foundation on which to construct risk manage­ tory as the Great Peacemaker; and for this he effect of the testimony supporting the pris­ ment decisions. Although development of was prepared to strive continually in the teeth oners' allegations. of facts, and face great risks for himself and Amnesty International believes that grave these guidelines is a long process, the EPA doubts remain about official denials that must take the lead in assessing a wider range his country. Unhappily, he ran into tides the these six prisoners were ill-treated while in of health and environmental effects from ex­ force of which he could not measure, and met police custody, and, therefore about the posure to hazardous substances in the envi­ hurricanes from which he did not flinch, but "safeness" of their convictions based on con­ ronment. Cancer is not the only reason to reg­ with which he could not cope." fessions. Amnesty International believes ulate and may not be primary in many cases. So I don't condemn Chamberlain for want­ that the case should not be closed and that The bill also requires that the EPA submit to ing peace, and I certainly don't place the the allegations of ill-treatment must be sub­ weight of the Second World War entirely on ject to further review. Congress, on an annual basis, a report which projects the costs and net risk reduction that his shoulders, but if we in this country cannot would result from the implementation of each learn the lessons from our mistakes and those of our allies, not only are we doomed to THE COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRON­ of the Agency's abatement and control pro­ repeat them, we may be doomed to repeat MENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT grams. The purpose of the report is to put in­ them repeatedly. ACT formation on exposure, human response to With German troops in Czechoslovakia and such exposure, the risk reduction resulting Poland, Britain, and France already at war, HON. DON RITTER from regulatory action, and the cost of the OF PENNSYLVANIA Japan occupying Manchuria, and the Holo­ program in the hands of Congress in order to caust well underway, the Members of this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES facilitate the oversight and budgetary process. body nearly failed to extend the draft. On Friday, September 30, 1988 The Comprehensive Environmental Risk Man­ August 12, 1941, just 4 months before the Mr. RITTER. Mr. Speaker, society does not agement Act is meant to assist the Congress attack on Pearl Harbor in which half of our have a limitless supply of people and money and the EPA in developing priorities for ex­ Navy was destroyed, the House passed the to address every hazard that has been identi­ pending society's limited resources in the new draft law by a one-vote margin, achieved fied in our environment. It is imperative that most efficient manner to protect human health only through the extraordinary parliamentary we develop a consistent scientific way to iden­ and the environment. maneuvers of the Speaker and the full influ­ tify risk. We must promote a framework that Such information would also be valuable to ence of his office. will assist us in pursuing a rational plan to ad­ the scientific and public health community, to Fifty years later in the nations of Central dress the "worst risks first." environmental groups, to industry and trade America, another quest for peace is being The problem of too few resources chasing groups and, through the media, to the public driven by a new, Great Peacemaker. I worry, too many hazards is complicated by the fact itself. that we have forgotten the lessons of Munich, 27342 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 forgotten the folly of August 12, 1941. I worry "the resignation of this government opens up mander Hauck and his four crew members for that some of us may also be "prepared to the possibility not only of changing the gov­ having the courage to continue, the willing­ strive continually in the teeth of facts, and ernment but also of changing policy [to] a ness to try, and the determination to succeed. face great risks" for ourselves and our coun­ policy marked by a considerable opening up, It is the attitude and qualities found in these try. I worry that they are running into tides the by considerable political initiative * * * let's astronauts that make us all proud to be Amer­ force of which they cannot measure, and are hope that this opportunity will not be missed." icans. meeting hurricanes from which they are not As I noted to the professor, the very fact that flinching, but with which they cannot cope. he, as a member of his country's opposition, As the Sandinistas in Nicaragua build their is able to testify before the U.S. Congress and 100,000-person armed force with billions of then return to his country, speaks not only to TODAY'S SUCCESS PROVES dollars in Soviet aid; as they continue to crush his personal courage but also, hopefully, to AMERICA LEARNS FROM HER the internal opposition, aided by the leader­ the progress being made in his country. MISTAKES ship of this very body; as they renege on Prime Minister Rakowski takes office at a every promise they have ever made at a ne­ time in Poland's history when expectations for gotiating table while Congress hails their ef­ change run high and the political and econom­ HON. CHESTER G. ATKINS forts for peace; I pray we remember the les­ ic crises run deep. It will be no mean feat to OF MASSACHUSETTS hammer a consensus out of a society still sons of Munich well. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deeply divided by the legacy of martial law. Yet this is precisely what the Prime Minister Friday, September 30, 1988 CHANGE IN LEADERSHIP IN must do. Mr. Rakowski's predecessor was POLAND Mr. ATKINS. Mr. Speaker, 3 years ago it ap­ forced out of office in the wake of massive peared that America's Space Program was worker unrest. But this is no longer just a racing toward the stars, and limits to our ex­ HON. STENY H. HOYER workers issue. There is a whole new genera­ ploration of space seemed boundless. Early in OF MARYLAND tion that questions whether Poland holds any 1986, the dreams of millions of Americans IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES future for them. Forging a consensus with all were about to be realized. The Nation held its Friday, September 30, 1988 the people, such as Mr. Rakowski has called for, might avoid a repeat of such unrest and breath on the threshold of a new era. Christa Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I have been give hope to those who want to work for a McAuliffe was about to become the first regu­ watching events in Poland closely since I vis­ free Poland. lar person to journey into space. ited that country with a Helsinki Commission Christa McAuliffe was not a regular person, delegation this past April. Workers' strikes, in­ though. While the rest of the Nation focused dependent human rights meetings, and the on the glamour and the glory of the Challeng­ continuing growth of an unofficial press free COMMANDER FREDERICK er flight, Christa understood the risks she and from censorship-all attest to the continuing United Nations, congratulating them for dor, once threatened by the anarchy of the in Geneva that this was a unique encounter death squad and the specter of totalitarian between two people who had the power to the work they are doing to make the world a rule, now know the hope of self-government start World War III or to begin a new age of safer and better place. and the prospect of economic growth. peace among nations. And I also said peace As he points out in the speech, peace ap­ And another change, Mr. Secretary-Gen­ conferences, arms negotiations, proposals pears to be breaking out all over the world: eral. A change that if it endures may go for treaties could make sense only if they the United States and the Soviet Union have down as one of the signal accomplishments were part of a wider context-a context that recently signed the INF Agreement; the Sovi­ of our history-a change that is cause for sought to explore and resolve the deeper, ets appear to be pulling their troops out of Af­ shaking of the head in wonder-is also upon underlying differences between us. I said to ghanistan; the Vietnamese have agreed to pull us. A change going to the source of post-war Mr. Gorbachev then, as I have said to you tensions, and to the once seemingly impossi­ before: Nations do not mistrust each other their troops out of Cambodia; Iran and Iraq ble dream of ending the twin threats of our because they are armed, they are armed be­ have agreed on a cease-fire in the Gulf war; time-totalitarianism and thermonuclear cause they mistrust each other. Angola, Cuba, and South Africa are near an world war. In that place, by that peaceful lake in accord on foreign troop withdrawals from For the first time, the differences between neutral Switzerland, Mr. Gorbachev and I Angola; the Greek and Turkish communities East and West-fundamental differences did begin a new relationship based not just on Cyprus are holding direct talks; and a refer­ over important moral questions dealing with on engagement over the single issue of arms endum is being held in the Western Sahara. the worth of the individual and whether control, but on a broader agenda about our The world is more peaceful that it was at governments shall control people or people deeper differences; an agenda of human control governments-for the first time, rights, regional conflicts, and bilateral ex­ the beginning of this decade, and the United these differences have shown signs of changes between our peoples. Even on the Nations deserves a good measure of the re­ easing. Easing to the point where there are arms control issue itself, we agreed to go sponsibility for this state of affairs. The award not just troop withdrawals from places like beyond the past. To seek not just treaties of the Nobel Peace Prize to the peacekeeping Afghanistan but also talk in the East of that permit building weapons to higher forces of the United Nations is richly de­ reform and greater freedom of press, of as­ levels, but revolutionary agreements that served. sembly, and of religion. Yes, fundamental actually reduced, and even eliminated, a In his speech, the President also praised differences remain. But should talk of whole class of nuclear weapons. the United Nations for the work it has done in reform become more than that, should it What was begun that morning in Geneva become reality-there is the prospect of not has shown results. In the INF treaty. In my three areas of special concern: terrorism; re­ only a new era in Soviet-American relations recent visit to Moscow. In my opportunity search on AIDS; and the drug crisis. And he but a new age of world peace. For such to meet there with Soviet citizens and dissi­ sees a growing need for international coop­ reform can bring peace; history teaches and dents and speak of human rights. And to eration in other areas. One issue he rightly my country has always believed that where speak, too, in the Lenin Hills of Moscow to singles out is the proliferation of chemcial the rights of the individual and the people the young people of the Soviet Union about weapons. His call for a conference on the use are enshrined, war is a distant prospect; for the wonder and splendor of human freedom. of chemical weapons is one that should be it is not people who make war, governments The results of that morning in Geneva are heeded by all countries that consider them­ do that. seen in peace conferences now under way I stand at this podium then in a moment around the world on regional conflicts; and selves part of the civilized community of na­ of hope. Hope, not just for all peoples of the in the work of the U.N. here in New York as tions. United States or the Soviet Union but for well as in Geneva. Clearly the President is being not only gra­ all the peoples of the world. And hope, too, But Mr. Secretary-General, history teach­ cious but correct in pointing out that the for the dream of peace among nations, the es caution; indeed, that very building in United Nations is a far more effective organi­ dream that began the United Nations. Geneva, where important negotiations have zation today than it was just 8 years ago. And Precisely because of these changes, today, taken place-the Geneva Accords on Af­ its increasing effectiveness in in large part due the United Nations has the opportunity to ghanistan, the Iran-Iraq negotiations, for to the budget and program reforms urged on it live and breathe and work as never before. example-we see it today as stone-like testi­ Already, you, Mr. Secretary-General, mony to a failed dream of peace in another by the United States and other nations. through your persistence, patience, and un­ time. The Palais des Nations was the head­ The full text of the President's speech, re­ yielding will, have shown, in working toward quarters of the League of Nations-an insti­ printed below, also provides a good summary peace in Afghanistan and the Persian Gulf, tution that was to symbolize an end to all of the foreign policy goals and achievements how valuable the United Nations can be. We war. And yet that institution and its noble of the Reagan years. I believe the world is a salute you for those accomplishments. purpose ended with the Second World War, much safer place today because Ronald And in Geneva at this very hour, there are ended because the chance for peace was not Reagan provided firm, consistent, and perse­ numerous negotiations underway: multilat­ seized in the 1930's by the nations of the vering leadership to the free world's most eral negotiations at the Conference on Dis­ world, ended because humanity did not find armament as well as bilateral negotiations the courage to isolate the aggressors, to powerful nation. on a range of issues between the Soviets and reject schemes of government that serve the TEXT OF REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT TO THE ourselves. And these negotiations, some of state, not the people. 43D GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE UNITED NA­ them under U.N. auspices, involve a broad We are here today, Mr. Secretary-General, TIONS, NEW YORK, NY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1988 arms control agenda; strategic offensive determined that no such fate shall befall Mr. President, Mr. Secretary-General, dis- weapons; strategic defense and space; nucle­ the United Nations. We are determined that tinguished delegates. Half a world away-far ar testing; and chemical warfare-whose ur­ the U.N. should succeed and serve the cause from this place of peace-the firing, the kill­ gency we have witnessed anew in recent of peace for humankind. ing, the bloodshed in two merciless conflicts days. So, Mr. Secretary-General, we realize have for the first time in recent memory di­ And, Mr. Secretary-General, the negotia­ that, even in this time of hope, the chance minished. After adding terrible new names tors are busy-and over the last few years of failure is real. But this knowledge does to the rollcall of human horror-names they have been engaged in more than an not discourage us. It spurs us on. For the such as Halabja, Maidan Shahr, and Spin academic exercise. There is movement. The stakes are high: Do we falter and fail now Buldak-there is today hope of peace in the logjam is broken. Only recently, when the and bring down upon ourselves the just Persian Gulf and Afghanistan. United States and the Soviet Union signed anger of future generations? Or do we con­ So, too, in the highlands and coastal cities the INF agreement, an entire class of U.S. tinue the work of the founders of this insti­ of southern Africa-places of civil war, and Soviet nuclear missiles was eliminated tution and see to it that, at last, freedom is places of occupation by foreign troops-talk for the first time in history. Progress con- enshrined and humanity knows war no 27344 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 longer. And that this place, this floor shall today there is new awareness, a growing In most of these areas, then, we see be truly "the world's last battlefield." passion for human rights-the people of the progress and, again, we are glad of it. Only a We are determined it shall be so. So we world grow united; new groups, new coali­ few years ago, Mr. Secretary-General, all of turn now to the agenda of peace. Let us tions form; coalitions that monitor govern­ these and other conflicts were burning dan­ begin by addressing a concern that was ment, that work against discrimination, that gerously out of control. Indeed, the invasion much on my mind when I met with Mr. fight religious or political repression, unlaw­ of Afghanistan and the apparent failure of Gorbachev in the Kremlin as well as on the ful imprisonment, torture or execution. As will among democratic and peace-loving na­ minds of Soviet citizens I met in Moscow. It those I spoke to at Spaso House said to me tions to deter such events seemed to cause a is also an issue that I know is of immediate last June: such movements make a differ­ climate where aggression by nations large importance to the delegates of this Assem­ ence. and small was epidemic, a climate the world bly who, this fall, commemorate the 40th Turning now to regional conflicts, we feel had not seen since the 1930's. Only this anniversary of the Universal Declaration of again the uplift of hope. In the Gulf War time, larger war was avoided, avoided be­ Human Rights. between Iran and Iraq-one of the bloodiest cause the free and peaceful nations of the That declaration says plainly what those conflicts since World War II-we have a world recovered their strength of purpose who seek peace can forget only at the great­ cease-fire. The resolution and the firmness and will. And now the United Nations is pro­ est peril, that peace rests on one foundation: of the allied nations in keeping the Persian viding valuable assistance in helping this observing "the inalienable rights of all Gulf open to international shipping not epidemic to recede. members of the human family." In a centu­ only upheld the rule of law, it helped pre­ And because we are resolved to keep it so, ry where human rights have been denied by vent further spread of the conflict and laid I would be remiss in my duty if I did not totalitarian governments on a scale never the basis for peace. So, too, the Security now take note here of the one exception to before seen in history-with so many mil­ Council's decisive resolution in July a year progress in regional conflicts. I refer here to lions deliberately starved or eliminated as a ago has become the blueprint for a peaceful the continuing deterioration of human matter of state policy-a history, it has been Gulf. Let this war-a war in which there has rights in Nicaragua and the refusal of the said, of blood, stupidity, and barbed wire­ been no victor or vanquished, only victims­ tiny elite now ruling that nation to honor few can wonder why peace has proved so let this war end now. Let both Iran and Iraq promises of democracy made to their own elusive. cooperate with the Secretary-General and people and to the international community. Let us understand. If we would have the Security Council in implementing Reso­ This elite-in calling itself revolutionary­ peace, we must acknowledge the elementary lution 598. Let peace come. seeks no real revolution; the use of the term rights of our fellow human beings. In our Moving on to a second region-when I is subterfuge, deception for hiding the own land. And in other lands. If we would first addressed the U.N. General Assembly oldest, most corrupt vice of ali-man's age­ have peace, the trampling of the human in 1983, world attention was focused on the old will to power, his lust to control the lives spirit must cease. Human rights is not for brutal invasion and illegal occupation of Af­ and steal the freedom of others. some, some of the time. Human rights, as ghanistan. After nearly nine long years of That is why, as President, I will continue the universal declaration of this Assembly war, the courage and determination of the to urge the Congress and the American adopted in 1948 proclaims, is: "for all people Afghan people and the Afghan freedom public to stand behind those who resist this and all nations." And for all time. fighters have held sway-today, an end to attempt to impose a totalitarian regime on This regard for human rights as the foun­ the the o.ccupation is in sight. On April 14, the U.S.S.R. signed the Geneva Accords, the people of Nicaragua; that the United dation of peace is at the heart of the U.N. which were negotiated under U.N. auspices States will continue to stand with those who Those who starve in Ethiopia, those who die by Pakistan and the Kabul regime. We en­ are threatened by this regime's aggression among the Kurds, those who face racial in­ courage the Soviet Union to complete its against its neighbors in Central America. justice in South Africa, those who still troop withdrawal at the earliest possible Today, I also call on the Soviet Union to cannot write or speak freely in the Soviet date so that the Afghan people can freely show in Central America the same spirit of Union, those who cannot worship in the determine their future without further out­ constructive realism it has shown in other Ukraine, those who struggle for life and side interference. regional conflicts. To assist in bringing con­ freedom on boats in the South China Sea, In southern Africa, too, years of patient flict in Central America to a close by halting those who cannot publish or assemble in diplomacy and support for those in Angola the flow of billions of dollars worth of arms Managua-all of this is more than just an who seek self-determination are having and ammunition to the Sandinista regime, a agenda item on your calendar. It must be a their effect. We look forward to an accord regime whose goals of regional domination­ first concern; an issue above others. For between the governments of Angola, Cuba, while ultimately doomed-can continue to when human rights concerns are not para­ and South Africa that will bring about a cause great suffering to the people of that mount of the United Nations-when the complete withdrawal of all foreign troops­ area and risk to Soviet-American relations. Universal Declaration of Human Rights is primarily Cuban-from Angola. We look for­ Unless action is taken now. not honored in these halls and meeting ward as well to full implementation of U.N. Moving now to the arms reduction agenda, rooms-then the very credibility of this or­ Security Council Resolution 435 and our I have mentioned already the importance of ganization is at stake, the very purpose of longstanding goal of independence for Na­ the INF treaty and the momentum devel­ its existence in question. mibia. We continue to support a growing oped in the START negotiations. The draft That is why when human rights progress consensus among African leaders who also START treaty is a lengthly document, filled is made, the United Nations grows stronger believe there can be no end to conflict in with bracketed language designating sec­ and the United States is glad of it. Follow­ the region until there is national reconcilia­ tions of disagreement between the two sides. ing a two year effort led by the United tion within Angola. But through this summer in Geneva, those States, for example, the U.N. Human Rights Mr. Secretary-General, there are new brackets have diminished; there is every Commission took a major step toward hopes for Cambodia, a nation whose free­ reason to believe this process can continue. I ending the double standards and cynicism dom and independence we seek just as can tell this Assembly that it is highly that had characterized too much of its past. avidly as we sought the freedom and inde­ doubtful such a treaty can be accomplished For years, Cuba, a blatant violator of its citi­ pendence of Afghanistan. We urge the rapid in a few months, but I can tell you a year zens' human rights, has escaped U.N. cen­ removal of all Vietnamese troops and a set­ from now is a possibility, more than a possi­ sure or even scrutiny. This year, Cuba has tlement that will prevent the return of the bility. But we have no deadline. No agree­ responded to pressure generated by the Khmer Rouge to power, permitting instead ment is better than a bad agreement. The Human Rights Commission by accepting an the establishment of a genuinely represent­ United States remains hopeful and we ac­ investigation into its human rights abuses. ative government-a government that will, knowledge the spirit of cooperation shown Fidel Castro has already begun to free some at last, respect fully the rights of the people by the Soviet Union in these negotiations. political prisoners, improve prison condi­ of Cambodia and end the hideous suffering We also look for that spirit to be applied to tions, and tolerate the existence of a small, they have so bravely and needlessly borne. our concerns about compliance with existing independent national human rights group. In other critical areas, we applaud the agreements. More must be done; the United Nations Secretary-General's efforts to structure a So, too, our discussions on nuclear testing must be relentless and unyielding in seeking referendum on the Western Sahara. And in and defense and space have been useful. But change. In Cuba and elsewhere. And we the Mediterranean, direct talks between the let me here stress to the General Assembly must also see to it that the universal decla­ Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities that much of the momentum in nuclear ration itself should not be debased with epi­ hold much promise for a accord in that di­ arms control negotiations is due to techno­ sodes like the "Zionism is Racism" Resolu­ vided island nation. Finally, we look to a logical progress itself, especially in the po­ tion. Respect for human rights is the first peaceful solution to the Arab-Israeli con­ tential for space-based defensive systems. I and fundamental mission of this body, the flict. So, too, the unnatural division of believe that the United States determina­ most elementary obligation of its members. Europe remains a critical obstacle to Soviet­ tion to research and develop and, when Indeed, wherever one turns in the world American relations. ready, deploy such defensive systems-sys- September 30, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27345 terns targeted to destroy missiles, not tions are extremely important. The progress And here, Mr. Secretary-General, I hope people-accounts for a large share of the on reforms has allowed me to release funds you will permit me to note that I have ad­ progress made in recent years in Geneva. withheld under congressional restrictions. I dressed this assemblage more than any of With such systems, for the first time, in expect the reform program will continue my predecessors and that this will be the case of accidental launch or the act of a and that further funds will be released in last occasion I will do so. So, I hope too I madman somewhere, major powers will not our new fiscal year. may be permitted now some closing reflec­ be faced with the single option of massive And let me say here we congratulate the tions. retaliation, but will instead have the chance United Nations on the work it has done in The world is currently witnessing another of a saner choice-to shield against an three areas of special concern. First, our celebration of international cooperation; at attack instead of avenging it. So, too, as de­ struggle against the scourge of terrorism the Olympics we see nations joining togeth­ fensive systems grow in effectiveness, they and state-sponsored terrorism must contin­ er in the competition of sports and we see reduce the threat and the value of greater ue. And we must also end the scourge of young people, who know precious little of and greater offensive arsenals. Only recent­ hostage taking. Second, the work of the the resentments of their elders, coming to­ ly, briefings I have received in the Oval World Health Organization in coordinating gether as one. Office indicate that progress toward such and advancing research on AIDS is vital. All One of our young athletes-from a home systems may be even more rapid and less international efforts in this area must be re­ of modest means-said that she drew the costly than we had at first thought. Today, doubled. The AIDS crisis is a grave one; we strength for her achievement from another the United States reaffirms its commitment must move as one to meet it. source of wealth-"we were rich as a to its Strategic Defense Initiative and our So, too, is the drug crisis. We are moving family," she said, about the love she was offer to share the benefits of strategic de­ now toward a new anti-drug trafficking con­ given and values she was taught. fenses with others. vention. This important treaty will be com­ Mr. Secretary-General, I dare to hope And yet, even as diplomatic and techno­ pleted in December. I am confident other that in the sentiment of that young athlete, logical progress holds out the hope of at last strong U.N. drug control programs will also we see a sign of the rediscovery of old and diminishing the awful cloud of nuclear tallow. The American people are profoundly tested values, values such as family-the terror we have lived under in the post-war­ concerned, deeply angered. We will not tol­ first and most important unit of society era, even at this moment another omino\!lS erate the drug traffickers. We mean to where all values and learning begin, an in­ terror is loose once again in the world. A make war on them-and we believe this is stitution to be cherished and protected. terror we thought the world had put one war the United Nations can endorse and Values, too, such as work, community, free­ behind, a terror that looms at us now from participate in. dom, and faith. For it is here we find the the long, buried past; from ghostly, scarring Yes, the United Nations is a better place deeper rationale for the cause of human trenches and the haunting, wan faces of than it was eight years ago-but so too is rights and world peace. millions dead in one of the most inhumane the world. But the real issue of reform in And our own experience on this continent, conflicts of all time. the United Nations is not limited just to the American experience, though brief, has Poison gas. Chemical warfare. Mr. Secre­ fiscal and administrative improvements but had one unmistakable encounter, an insist­ tary-General, distinguished delegates, the also to a higher sort of reform, an intellec­ ence on the preservation of one sacred terror of it. The horror of it. We condemn tual and philosophical reform, a reform of truth. It is a truth that our first President, it. The use of chemical weapons in the Iran­ old views about the relationship between our Founding Father, passed on in the first Iraq war-beyond its tragic human toll­ the individual and the state. farewell address made to the American jeopardizes the moral and legal strictures Few developments, for example, have people. It is a truth that I hope now you that have held these weapons in check since been more encouraging to the United States will permit me to mention in these remarks World War I. Let this tragedy spark reaffir­ than the Special Session this body held on of farewell. mation of the Geneva protocol outlawing Africa 2112 years ago. A session in which the A truth embodied in our Declaration of the use of chemical weapons. I call upon the United Nations joined as one in a call for Independence-that the case for inalienable signatories to that protocol, as well as other free market incentives and a lessening of rights, that the idea of human dignity, that concerned states, to convene a conference to state controls to spur· economic develop­ the notion of conscience above compulsion consider actions that we can take together ment. can be made only in the context of higher to reverse the serious erosion of this treaty. At one of the first international assem­ law, a higher order. Only in the context of And we urge all nations to cooperate in ne­ blies of my Presidency in Cancun, Mexico, I what one of the founders of this organiza­ gotiating a verifiable, truly global ban on said history demonstrates that time and tion, Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold, chemical weapons at the Conference on Dis­ again, in place after place, economic growth has called "devotion to something which is armament in Geneva. and human progress make their greatest greater and higher than we are ourselves." It is incumbent upon all civilized nations strides in countries that encourage econom­ This is the endless cycle, the final truth to to ban, once and for all-and on a verifiable ic freedom. That individual farmers, labor­ which humankind seems always to return. and global basis-the use of chemical and ers, owners, traders, and managers are the That religion and morality, that faith in gas warfare. heart and soul of development. Trust them. something higher, are prerequisites for free­ Finally, Mr. Secretary-General, we must Because where they are allowed to create dom. And that justice and peace within our­ redouble our efforts to stop further prolif­ and build, where they are given a personal selves is the first step toward justice and eration of nuclear weapons in the world. stake in deciding economic policies and ben­ peace in the world and for the ages. Likewise, proliferation in other high-tech­ efitting from their success, then societies Yes, this is a place of great debate and nology weapons such as ballistic missiles is become more dynamic, prosperous, progres­ grave discussion, and yet I cannot help but reaching global proportions, exacerbating sive, and free. We believe in freedom. We note here that one of our Founding Fathers, regional rivalries in ways that can have know it works. the most worldly of men and an internation ~ global implications. The number of poten­ And this, Mr. Secretary-General and dis­ alist, Benjamin Franklin, interrupted the tial suppliers is growing at an alarming rate tinguished delegates, is the immutable proceedings of our own Constitutional Con­ and more must be done to halt the spread of lesson of the postwar era: that freedom vention to make much the same point. these weapons. This was a matter of discus­ works. Even more, that freedom and peace And I cannot help but think this morning sion last week between Secretary Shultz and work together. Every year that passes, ev­ of our beginnings. Of where and when I Foreign Minister Shevardnadze. Talks be­ erywhere in the world, this lesson is taking first read those words, "and they shall beat tween American and Soviet experts begin on hold, from the People's Republic of China their swords into plowshares. . .." and this today. And we hope to see a multilater­ to Cameroon, from Bolivia to Botswana, "your young men shall see visions and your al effort, to avoid having areas of tension and, yes, in the citadel of Marxism-Leninism old men shall dream dreams.... " This like the Middle East become even more itself. No, my country did not invent this morning, my thoughts go to her who gave deadly battlegrounds than they already are. synergy of peace and freedom but, believe me many things in life but whose most im­ But in most of these areas, we see not only me, we impose no restrictions on the free portant gift was the knowledge of the hap­ progress but also the potential for an in­ export of our more than two centuries of piness and solace to be gained in prayer. It creasingly vital role for multilateral efforts experience with it. Free people blessed by is the greatest help I have had in my Presi­ and institutions like the United Nations. economic opportunity and protected by laws dency and I recall here Lincoln's words That is why now more than ever the United that respect the dignity of the individual when he said only the most foolish of men Nations must continue to increase its effec­ are not driven toward war or the domina­ would think he could confront the duties of tiveness through budget and program tion of others. Here, then, is the way to the office I now hold without turning to reform. The U.N. already is enacting sweep­ world peace. someone stronger, a power above all others. ing measures affecting personnel reduc­ And yet, we Americans champion freedom I think then of her and others like her in tions, budgeting by consensus, and the es­ not only because it is practical and benefi­ that small town in Illinois, gentle people tablishment of program priorities. These ac- cial but because it is also just, morally right. who possessed something that those who 27346 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 hold positions of power sometimes forget to pitals into two groups according to a single friend and a great American. On October 7, prize. No, none of them could ever have factor. The only precise divisions you could 1988, "Moe" will celebrate his 60th anniversa­ imagined the boy from the banks of the create would be numerical such as the ry at Winged Foot Golf Club in Mamaroneck, Rock River would come to this moment and number of beds or staff. However, if you base have this opportunity. But had they been N.Y. In recognition of his dedication to the told it would happen, I think they would it on a characteristic subject to interpretation men and women of Winged Foot, he will be have been a bit disappointed if I had not you will have a mess. That is what we have honored by the members of this internationally spoken here for what they knew so well: with the Medicare urban-rural classifications of recognized golf club. hospitals. that when we grow weary of the world and "Moe" first started at Winged Foot as a its troubles, when our faith in humanity fal­ While there are definite rural hospitals and ters, it is then we must seek comfort-and definite urban hospitals, the present Medicare caddie, at the age of 12. Having demonstrated refreshment of spirit, in a deeper source of rural-urban distinction leaves far too many a strong work ethic, he was rewarded with a wisdom, one greater than ourselves. hospitals in a nebulous and costly realm. promotion to the pro shop within 6 years. And so if future generations do say of us For example, Grand Strand General Hospi­ Since 1941, "Moe" has been serving the golf that, in our time, peace came closer, that we tal in Myrtle Beach, SC, receives a rural rate community at Winged Foot as the manager of did bring about new seasons of truth and the golf shop. justice, it will be cause for pride. But it shall because its residential population base is not be a cause of greater pride still, if it is also an urban area according to the metropolitan A family man, "Moe" was born in Hoboken said that we were wise enough to know the statistical area qualifications. Yet for most of N.J. His parents, originally from northern Italy, deliberations of greater leaders and great the year, Grand Strand General serves a tour­ raised four boys ("Moe," Rocco, Frank, and bodies are but overture; that the truly ma­ ist population which swells to almost 10 mil­ Dominic). His father, Steven, also spent time jestic music-the music of freedom, of jus­ lion. It has an emergency department which is tice and peace-is the music made in forget­ as an employee at Winged Foot. "Moe" mar­ comparable to many larger urban hOspitals. ried his wife Marie in 1943 and together they ting self and seeking in silence the will of Yet its emergency services and professionals Him who made us. raised three children (Jackie, Joann, and Joe, Thank you for your hospitality over the are considered of lower value according to Jr.). "Moe" is the proud grandfather of eight Medicare. years. I bid you now farewell. grandchildren. In the sixth district, 75 percent of our Medi­ care rural hospitals are 40 miles or less from A legend at Winged Foot, "Moe" has been a Medicare urban hospital. This proximity a friend to well-known entertainers, including MEDICARE PROGRAM often pits rural and urban hospitals against Bob Hope and Bing Crosby. In addition, he LEGISLATION each other instead of encouraging a produc­ has professionally served some of the world's tive competition. These hospitals dispute over best known professional golfers. During the HON. ROBIN TALLON patients, nurses, and other health care profes­ 1984 U.S. Open "Moe" expertly designed a OF SOUTH CAROLINA sionals. special epoxy to repair professional golfer IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In one county in my district, 34 percent of Greg Norman's clubs. the local nurses commute out of the county. Friday, September 30, 1988 Working 12-hour days, often starting before Many of these work in a neighboring county 6 a.m., "Moe" has given his life to a sport in that is considered Medicare urban. There Mr. TALLON. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ which he himself stopped participating over 35 ought to be a geographic incentive for these ducing a bill to eliminate the urban-rural differ­ years ago. ential in making payments and determining hospitals to establish a multihospital partner­ fees and rates under the Medicare Program. ship; however, that incentive is destroyed by A friend to all, I would like the Members of In 1983, the prospective payment system the inequity in reimbursement. the House of Representatives to join me in was established to combat skyrocketing We must give our rural hospitals every congratulating "Moe" Dellaporta for his 60 health care costs. The effects of PPS on the chance for survival. A hospital in a rural area years of commitment and dedication to excel­ cost and quality of health care have been means a great deal to a community that an lence at Winged Foot. I wish "Moe" continued mixed at best. urban hospital does not. Often, the hospital is health and success in his endeavors, and One clear fact is that rural care givers have the largest employer of the county. Residents many more years at Winged Foot. suffered financially since the inception of PPS. of rural areas like going to their local hospital The premise that there is a difference in where they were born to receive care. They health care costs between rural and urban expect their hospital to be a viable part of care givers based on historical charges may their municipal life. NON-LETHAL AID TO THE have been a logical reason for the formulation A strong hospital system in a rural area is CONTRAS of the reimbursement system. However, the the key to rural development. A business or urban-rural differential has evolved into an an industry will not locate in a rural area outdated and inequitable system that does not where there is a failing hospital or where there HON. JERRY F. COSTELLO reflect accurate medical trends. It is clear that is no hospital. A good hospital is a source of OF ILLINOIS economic prosperity and pride for a rural com­ we must implement an alternative method of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES reimbursement that is reflective of actual pro­ munity. cedural costs. The rural/urban differential must be elimi­ Friday, September 30, 1988 While many might argue that technology, nated to see that the Federal Government in Mr. COSTELLO. Mr. Speaker, today I voted no way inhibits a rural hospital from operating care, property costs of urban areas deem a in support of the bill _providing funding for at its optimal potential. I am proud to intro­ higher reimbursement rate, there can be no America's defenses for fiscal year 1989. This duce this bill because it expresses this goal. doubt that rural hospitals generally have a important bill will continue our commitment to higher proportion of Medicare patients. They a strong and ready defense in the coming count on Medicare business and they are es­ year. sential to the Medicare system. However, I thought it was unfortunate that The trends in health care such as shorter TRIBUTE TO JOSEPH "MOE" $27 million in nonlethal aid to the Nicaraguan hospital stays and the preference for special­ DELLAPORTA ized care have changed the roles and the Contras was included in the bill. problems of rural hospitals. Health care is HON. JOSEPH J. DioGUARDI I feel that this controversial issue is best growing increasingly expensive in rural areas considered outside of a huge, comprehensive OF NEW YORK bill like this one, and deserves greater debate and this growth is disproportionate when com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pared to urban areas. Nationwide the average than was allowed under the strict provisions of Medicare profit for urban hospitals fell to 7.6 Friday, September 30, 1988 the Defense Appropriations bill. percent while the same for rural hospitals fell Mr. DIOGUARDI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today Had nonlethal aid to the contras been a to 0.14 percent. to pay special tribute to Mr. Joseph "Moe" separate measure, I would have urged my col­ Try to imagine separating all American hos- Dellaporta, a lifelong resident of my district, a leagues to oppose it. September 30, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27347 TRIBUTE TO DOLLAR GENERAL Housing Investment Guarantees. And finally; The Compton Medal of Honor, 1964; National CORP. OF NASHVILLE Jamaica is eligible to receive up to $25 million Leadership Award from the National Sporting in ESF to support narcotics control activities in Goods Association, 1965; Michigan Gover­ HON. BOB CLEMENT that country. According to Chairman OBEY, nor's Award, 1968; National Sporting Goods there is also authority, subject to the discre­ Association Lifetime Career Award, 1976; Re­ OF TENNESSEE tion of the administration, to provide funds gents Citation of Honor from the University of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from the regular disaster assistance accounts Michigan, 1976; Maurice Thompson Medal of Friday, September 30, 1988 and from the special de-ob re-ob authority we Honor, 1977; and the Conservation Achieve­ Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Speaker, yesterday provide for Jamaica and Bangladesh for any ment Award from National Wildlife Federation, morning I had the distinct honor of going to additional relief and reconstruction needs that 1987. the White House to watch President Reagan may arise. Fred also published three books on bow present Dollar General Corp. of Nashville, TN, I would like to commend my colleague from hunting while managing the Bear Archery with the President's Award under the Private Wisconsin for the crucial role he has played to Plant which produced a record 360,000 bows Sector Initiative Program. provide sufficient funding to the relief and re­ in 1976. Dollar General was one of 30 corporations construction activities in Jamaica and to In his eulogy at the Memorial Service held and organizations that received recognition for assure that United States assistance is suffi­ for Fred, his close friend and employee for 48 their charitable and philanthropic activities and cient to meet the extraordinary needs that years, Frank Scott said, "To some, Fred will unselfish initiatives to assist our fellow citi­ country will be facing. I would like to take this be remembered as a self made man, an in­ zens. time to thank Congressman OBEY for his time, dustrialist who, starting with little more than a Dollar General sponsors a literacy program, effort, and assurances on this issue and look dream, strong desire and determination cre­ whereby it promotes in each of its 1,300 forward to working with him and other mem­ ated a company that provided employment for stores information about resources available bers of the Subcommittee on Foreign Oper­ hundreds, and recreation and enjoyment for to adults that will help them learn to read. ations, as well as with the chairman and mem­ millions. In the process of creating Bear Arch­ Over several years, more than 5,000 individ­ bers of the Committee on Foreign Affairs on ery he unselfishly shared his experience, uals have been directed to local GED and lit­ this effort to assist our good and close neigh­ knowledge and confidence that everyone eracy programs. bor. could benefit." I am pleased to extend my heartfelt con­ Mr. Scott closed with a quo1Ption from a gratulations to Cal Turner, Jr., president and A TRIBUTE TO FREDERIC B. man that Fred greatly admired and was great­ chief executive officer of Dollar General Corp., BEAR, 1902-1988 ly influenced by, although they probably never and to Carol Harris, vice president of market­ met. That man was lshi, the last member of ing, on receipt of this award from President HON. BILL SCHUETTE the Yana Indian tribe in northern California. In the Yana or Yahe language, there were no Reagan. OF MICHIGAN words for goodbye. lshi would simply say, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "You go-1 stay." As Mr. Scott so eloquently DISASTER RELIEF FOR JAMAICA Friday, September 30, 1988 said, "So to you, our dear friend Fred, we say Mr. SCHUETTE. Mr. Speaker, it is with great to you-You go-we stay and by the grace of HON. MERVYN M. DYMALL Y pleasure that I pay tribute to Fred Bear, affec­ God we will meet again in a happy place OF CALIFORNIA tionately known as "Papa Bear" to many out­ where the environment will be pure and our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES doorsmen throughout our great Nation. I hope joys will be boundless and our game bag will Wednesday, September 28, 1988 that all Members here today will join me in overflow with happiness and love." recognizing the legacy Fred left to the future Mr. DYMALLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today generations of Americans, especially those before this distinguished body to discuss the who love the outdoors and the challenge of PERSONAL EXPLANATION very pressing issue of assistance to Jamaica hunting with a bow. to help that country recover from the devasta­ Fred Bear was born in Waynesboro, PA on HON. ROBERT GARCIA tion wrought by Hurricane Gilbert. I am March 5, 1902. Fred spent his childhood in OF NEW YORK pleased to say that my dear colleague, the the Cumberland Valley where he learned the Honorable DAVID OBEY, chairman of the Sub­ sport of hunting and fishing and developed a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES committee on Foreign Operations, has given lifelong love for the outdoors. At the age of 21 Friday, September 30, 1988 me his assurance that the conference report Fred move to Detroit, Ml where he became a on appropriations earmarks not less than $35 Mr. GARCIA. Mr. Speaker, due to a prior patternmaker for Packard Motor Car. In 1925 engagement I was unable to cast my vote for million for relief, rehabilitation, and reconstruc­ he moved to Chrysler and later ran an adver­ the conference report, H.R. 4784, the Agricul­ tion assistance for Jamaica. tising and silk-screening plant for the automo­ ture Appropriations Act of 1989 and the con­ The report specifies that this earmarked as­ tive trade. ference report, H.R. 4787, the Legislative sistance is to be in addition to development Fred was first introduced to bow hunting in Branch Appropriations Act of 1989. assistance funds otherwise made available to 1927 when he and a friend saw a film entitled My vote for H.R. 4784 would have been that country. Chairman OBEY has also in­ "Alaskan Adventures" which depicted the ad­ "yes". formed me that these specified funds should ventures of Arthur Young, a young man from My vote for H.R. 4787 would have been be used to restore power distribution and California who had learned many bow-hunting "yes". communication, to distribute food and other skills from an Indian named lshi. Soon after, needed supplies, to provid~ materials for tem­ Mr Young visited Detroit and spent hours in porary shelters, to contribute to the process of Fred's basement teaching him how to make IN MEMORY OF WOLFE KIRSON redevelopment, and for other emergency bows, arrows, and handmade Irish linen bow­ needs. It is also my understanding that more strings. than $23 million in relief, rehabilitation and In 1929 Fred first journeyed to St. Helen, Ml HON. MEL LEVINE food will be obligated for Jamaica by the end to hunt. In 1947 he moved his archery plant to OF CALIFORNIA of this week that would constitute fiscal year Grayling, Ml located a few miles west of St. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1988 funds. Helen, where it remained until 1957 when it For fiscal year 1989, in addition to the $35 was moved to Gainesville, FL. Friday, September 30, 1988 million Foreign Operations has earmarked, Ja­ Fred was innovative and soon began pat­ Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise maica is scheduled to receive $17.6 million in enting many types of hunting equipment. He today to pay tribute to an outstanding young regular development assistance, and $30 mil­ also began competing in competitions of skill man, and, with great sadness, to announce lion in Public Law 480, which is already signed with his beloved bow. his death. up. In addition, I am informed that $10 million Fred first won the Michigan State Target Wolfe Kirson was a good and inspirational in new Public Law 480 is in the works to pro­ Championship in 1934 and helped found the young man who cared deeply for others. He vide needed lumber for the reconstruction National Field Archery Association in 1939. sought to help those in need and was willing effort. Jamaica will also receive $15 million in Among the many awards he received were: to share his life for this cause. His most note- 27348 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 worthy community service was through the segment of our population yet many have lost the Small Business Innovation Research Santa Monica Boys Club. Indeed, he was their self-esteem because of what they re­ [SBIR] program-a program that, I believe, named Young Man of the Year, and went on ceive. This is wrong. has repaid many times over ·the Federal to receive national recognition from President The country should take time to become money put into it. In particular, I wish to bring Reagan. aware of what we owe our older Americans to the attention of my colleagues the accom­ Wolfe Kirson's charm and talents were rec­ and what we can learn from them if we would plishments of Dr. Carl E. Mueller during his ognized by his peers. While a student at only ask and listen. They deserve our respect tenure as the Director of the Navy's SBIR pro­ Santa Monica High School, and again at and more. Passage of this resolution will lead gram. The reason I do so at this time is be­ UCLA, he was repeatedly chosen as a leader us in that direction, and there is no cost in­ cause Dr. Mueller has recently moved on to by his classmates. These attributes were also volved in the Federal Government. I urge your another assignment for the Navy at the Naval recognized by the Boys Club Foundation of support of National Respect-For-The-Elderly Surface Warfare Center. Southern California who awarded Wolfe with a Dr. Mueller took responsibility for the Navy's Day. 4-year scholarship. As a student of economics SBIR program in September 1985. He served and South American studies he aspired to a as a creative and effective advocate for the career in the foreign service. There is no program with the Pentagon, small businesses THANKS, THIOKOL, WE'RE BACK doubt but that he would have served with dis­ and large businesses, universities and the tinction in whatever work he chose. IN SPACE Congress. During his tenure, the scope of the Tragically, Wolfe Kirson lost his life in a fall Navy SBIR program grew from $25 to $60 mil­ at Sequoia National Park. Though only 20 HON. JAMES V. HANSEN lion. years old, he had touched the lives of many. The success of the Navy SBIR program and OF UTAH He was loved for his enthusiasm toward life its strong support in the small business and and his sympathy for the world around him. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Defense community, as well as in the Con­ He was held in esteem by those who knew Friday, September 30, 1988 gress, can be attributed to Dr. Mueller's excel­ and loved him, both for his accomplishments lent management skills and diverse technical and for his great potential. The loss of Wolfe Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, our background. The SBIR program has become will weigh heavily in their hearts. space program passed a major milestone with a major contributor to the Navy's mission and But the very aspects of Wolfe Kirson's life the successful launch of the space shuttle our national defense technology base. which made his passing so regrettable are Discovery. I congratulate Dr. Mueller on his promotion also cause for joy. For we were blessed with The words of NASA's Hugh Harris, when he and wish him every success in this new as­ his presence. The family and many friends of reported to the world, "three, two, one, zero, signment. I do hope that he will also remain Wolfe Kirson have had their own lives en­ and liftoff. Americans return to space * * *" an active participant in the SBIR program. riched for having known him. Alas, we are re­ were the words all of America has been wait­ minded that it is no small thing to say of ing to hear for 2 years. someone that he was good, was loved and I believe there would not have been a shall be missed greatly. launch yesterday if it had not been for months NUEVA LEARNING CENTER RE­ of intense activity by Morton Thiokol as it re­ CEIVES NATIONAL RECOGNI­ evaluated and modified the shuttle's two solid­ TION SUPPORT NATIONAL RESPECT­ fuel booster rockets. They set ambitious goals FOR-THE-ELDERLY DAY for themselves, and they challenged them­ HON. TOM LANTOS selves to the limit. Let me say to every one of OF CALIFORNIA HON. IKE SKELTON my colleagues in the House of Representa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tives that I am very proud to say that Morton Friday, September 30, 1988 OF MISSOURI Thiokol is located in my congressional district. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, just a few days IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Our Nation is oriented toward growth, op­ ago at a ceremony held at the White House, Friday, September 30, 1988 portunity and forward movement. Certainly, the Nueva Learning Center of San Mateo Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to intro­ the space program experienced a major set­ County, CA, was one of the very small group duce the House joint resolution which re- back, but Thiokol did not let any fears or res­ of schools recognized and honored by Presi­ . quests and authorizes the President to de­ ervations blind them in their determination to dent Reagan and Secretary of Education, Wil­ clare September 15, 1989, National Respect­ get the space program back on track. Their liam Bennett. Nueva was the recipient of the For-The-Elderly Day. Mr. Speaker, through my never-ending commitment to proceed in re­ U.S. Department of Education "Elementary work on the Aging Committee and in my deal­ building the solid booster rockets allowed our School Recognition Program Award" for ings with my constituents, I have come to the country to make bold strides in restoring the progress toward excellence in education. Ac­ conclusion that we are simply overlooking one Nation in a leadership role in space. cepting the award on behalf of Nueva was Dr. of our most valuable resources. Recently it If NASA is going to stay ahead in technolo­ Anabel Jense, director of the Nueva Learning came to my attention that Japan has created gy; if it is to stay competitive in space, it Center. a national holiday based on respect for the el­ needs Morton Thiokol. If we can get to the To be given this prestigious award by the derly. I believe it would be a valuable exercise moon, we ought to be able to go anywhere. Department of Education is a high honor, to set aside a day to raise our awareness of But, wherever our space program leads Amer­ indeed. Only 230 public and 57 private the contribution the elderly have made and ica, there is one thing for certain, Morton Thio­ schools throughout the entire country were so educate ourselves about what benefits they kol will be there. honored. Schools were selected on the basis can still offer. of their philosophy and goals, organization, Older Americans possess the wisdom of the leadership, curriculum, quality of instruction, ages and there is a lot to educate ourselves CONGRESSMAN MAVROULES learning climate, character development and about, Mr. Speaker. For example, scientists SALUTES DR. CARL E. MUELLER community relations. The recognition of Nueva who study the aging process will tell you that, is well deserved and it is a credit to the ad­ contrary to the popular belief, intelligence in­ HON. NICHOLAS MAVROULES ministration, teachers, students, and alumni of creases with age; it does not decrease. Older OF MASSACHUSETTS the school. Americans are anxious to be useful. They pos­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Nueva Learning Center was established sess the wisdom of the ages, based on expe­ in 1967 by Karen F. Stone as a nonprofit pri­ riences and knowledge. Knowing this, we Friday, September 30, 1988 vate school for the gifted and talented. Its pro­ should routinely consult and not simply admire Mr. MAVROULES. Mr. Speaker, as we pre­ grams were developed through a nationwide them. pare to begin a new fiscal year, I think it is ap­ series of meetings with prominent educators, Older Americans are the fastest growing propriate that we reflect on the successes of psychologists, businesses, and Nobel Iaure- September 30, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27349 ates. The personal experiences and visions of this principle of income tax law is the principle increase exports abroad. The PFIC rules, on the future held by these leaders was tapped of deferral, whereby income of foreign subsidi­ the other hand, may encourage foreign sub­ to establish the school's basic instructional aries of U.S. corporations is not taxed current­ sidiaries of U.S. corporations to move out of system. The most respected research and ly in the United States. Instead, the income is countries to which we export raw materials. theories of child development and educational not taxed until it is repatriated-that is, distrib­ A classic example is the country of Ireland, practice were incorporated into the school's uted to U.S. shareholders as dividends. which imposes low tax rates on manufacturing philosophy. Generally, if more than 50 percent of the income. If subsidiaries of U.S. corporations Nueva's philosophy demands teaching stock of a foreign corporation is owned by there were to move to other nations in the Eu­ methods and materials that help a child U.S. shareholders that each own at least 10 ropean economic community, it would cause become an excited, self-directed, and inde­ percent of the voting power of the stock on devastating economic consequences. Already, pendent learner. The primary academic goal is any day during the taxable year of the foreign the unemployment rate in Ireland is the high­ that each child achieve at the highest possible corporation, the corporation is a controlled est in Western Europe; to the extent that we level in all subject areas based upon ability foreign corporation (CFC). In the case of a enjoy a trade surplus with that country, we and identified learning constraints. The school CFC, the principle of deferral does not always should encourage United States companies to program emphasizes problem-solving, critical apply. Any passive income of a CFC-com­ locate their operations there. We believe that thinking, and leadership skills. In addition to monly referred to as "subpart F" income-is this bill provides such encouragement. the strong emphasis on academic subjects, taxed currently to U.S. shareholders, whether Let me also add, Mr. Speaker, that our bill Nueva also emphasizes the "other three­ or not it is repatriated. is drafted in such a way as to provide this Rs"-rights, respect, and responsibility­ Prior to enactment of the Tax Reform Act, it benefit to companies located in any country which are an integral part of educating the was possible for foreign subsidiaries of U.S. which has a trade deficit with the United whole child to become a functioning and con­ corporations to manipulate their stock owner­ States. It came to our attention during drafting tributing adult in society. ship to avoid classification as a CFC. The of this legislation that the country of Panama In addition to Nueva's commitment to main­ result of this type of stock manipulation was has a trade deficit with the United States. taining a high-quality school serving gifted and to avoid current U.S. taxation of a corpora­ talented children, this outstanding school is We do not intend to apply this benefit to tion's subpart F income, and thus retain the companies located in Panama. That govern­ also a beneficial influence on the general edu­ benefits of deferral. cational community through the dissemination ment, run by a drug-dealing, tinhorn dictator, of the proven concepts and techniques that To prevent this abuse, Congress created should not be able to benefit from a liberaliza­ have been tested and established at Nueva. the concept of passive foreign investment tion of the U.S. tax laws as this bill proposes. For example, in the past 3 years, the staff of companies. A corporation is a PFIC if either: In April of this year, the Internal Revenue the Nueva Learning Center have reached over one more than 50 percent of the corporation's Service issued Notice ,88-47, which generally 2,000 teachers with innovative math pro­ assets are passive or two more than 7 5 per­ denied the foreign tax credit for taxes paid to cent of the corporation's income is passive. If grams. the Noreiga regime in Panama. It is our intent Mr. Speaker, I invite my colleagues to join a corporation is classified as a PFIC, its U.S. that the benefits of this bill will not apply to me in paying tribute to Nueva Learning Center shareholders generally do not get the benefits the country of Panama during the time that of deferral on any of its income. Thus, all and its outstanding director, Dr. Anabel IRS Notice 88-47 is outstanding-or any other income of a PFIC is generally taxed currently Jensen. notice, announcement, regulation or ruling in the United States. 1 which reaches the same result as that notice. Mr. Speaker, the 1986 act clearly ended the Mr. Speaker, our bill should serve as an in­ abuses which came to the committee's atten­ INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLA­ centive to taxpayers that are in Ireland to tion. Unfortunately, when the Committee on remain there, and to encourage taxpayers to TION TO MODIFY PASSIVE Ways and Means was considering the new FOREIGN INVESTMENT COMPA­ consider locating there. As members of the PFIC proposals, I don't think that the mem­ Committee on Ways and Means, we intend to NY PROVISIONS OF THE 1986 bers focused on the fact that the new rules ef­ push strongly for enactment of this legislation TAX REFORM ACT fectively ended deferral on manufacturing in the next Congress. income earned by corporations with large HON. BRIAN J. DONNELLY amounts of passive income or assets. Our bill eliminates this result in certain cases. OF MASSACHUSETTS Under our proposed legislation, a corpora­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion which meets the 50 percent passive asset JOSEPH BLASCHALK­ Friday, September 30, 1988 test will not be classified as a PFIC if: one it is OUTSTANDING CITIZEN Mr. DONNELLY. Speaker, I am pleased to a CFR and two it is located in a country which has a trade deficit with the United States. The join Congressman COYNE, as well as several result of this rule will be to continue to deny HON. DOUGLAS APPLEGATE of my colleagues from the Committee on OF OHIO Ways and Means, in introducing legislation deferral on subpart F income, but allow for­ eign subsidiaries of U.S. corporations to retain IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES today to modify the passive foreign invest­ the benefits of deferral on manufacturing ment company (PFIC) provisions of the 1986 Friday, September 30, 1988 income. Tax Reform Act. In addition to the bipartisan Mr. APPLEGATE. Mr. Speaker, it gives me group of Ways and Means Committee spon­ Mr. Speaker, we have chosen to take this much pride to bring to the attention of my col­ sors of this bill, Congressmen FOLEY and approach because it seems anomalous for leagues in the U.S. House of Representatives ATKINS have agreed to join us as well. Congress to create disincentives for compa­ a constituent of mine, Joseph L. Blaschalk, of nies to locate in countries which have trade Mingo Junction, OH. Because of his lifetime Mr. Speaker, the 1986 act acted to end a deficits with the United States. Congress, on major abuse of the laws governing U.S. tax­ involvement in community affairs, Joe presid­ the one hand, has taken strong steps to ed as grand marshal over the Mingo Junction ation of foreign source income by creating the reduce the U.S. trade deficit by attempting to concept of passive foreign investment compa­ Annual Community Days celebration. nies, or PFIC's. One result of the PFIC provi­ A native of the Jefferson County, OH area, sions has been adverse tax consequences to 1 If a PFIC is a "qualified electing fund" Fredrick Chien as her Washington representa­ to walk down the same path of integrity and well in turn. We have worked hard to preserve tive was greeted with enthusiasm and immedi­ public service as did Charles Jonas, our Re­ the more than 2,500 plant and animal species ate approval by Washington, given Minister public will always be secure. whose habitat is the bay. We are proud of our Ding's eminent experience and credentials. efforts and I know that I and many others are Ever since the founding of the Republic in dedicated to curbing the pollution of the bay 1911, the Republic of China has always sent COMMENDING PASTOR her top diplomats to represent her in the ERNESTINE C. REEMS so that it may be environmentally sound for our children, grandchildren and the genera­ United States. Distinguished ROC ambassa­ tions to come. dors to Washington include such luminaries as HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS And so this day of appreciation will be cele­ Dr. Hu Shih, Dr. George Yeh, and Dr. Fredrick OF CALIFORNIA brated with great respect for an extraordinary Chien. While Hu and Yeh served during peri­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES environmental wonder. As an old man of the ods of normalized relations between the two Friday, September 30, 1988 bay once said, "If it's slick ca'm you want, this countries, Chien had the formidable job of here's the right place." representing his country without "official" rec­ Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, this year ognition by Washington. However, Chien's Pastor Ernestine C. Reems and the Center of hard work and success are evident in today's Hope Community Church are celebrating 20 DEBT FOR DEVELOPMENT IN strong working relationship between Taipei years of service to the people of Oakland and THE FOREIGN AID PROGRAM and Washington. the Bay Area. Minister Ding is uniquely qualified to suc­ Having the same concerns as the city's po­ ceed Chien. Born in 1925 and educated at the litical, community and corporate leadership, HON. DOUG WALGREN Universite de Paris, he has spent his whole Pastor Reems and the Center of Hope Com­ OF PENNSYLVANIA career in the foreign service, starting as a munity Church continue to contribute to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES specialist in European affairs (1958) and con­ city of Oakland through such ongoing pro­ tinuing in different posts abroad. He was grams as: the E.G. Reems Foundation-which Friday, September 30, 1988 ROC's Ambassador to the Republic of includes youth programs in education, recrea­ Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased Rwanda (1965), ROC's Ambassador to the tion, and cultural awareness; and the Hope that H.R. 4575, the Debt for Development Act Republic of Zaire (1967), and ROC's Ambas­ Academy-a nonprofit, private school provid­ of 1988, is well on its way to becoming law. sador to the Republic of Korea (1979-82). In ing quality education to more than 350 stu­ This bill would provide some greatly needed addition, he served as First Secretary, ROC dents in grades K through 8th; families in debt relief for the poorest of developing coun­ Mission to the United Nations European Office need of creative options for decent housing; tries while providing a base for future growth (1962); he also served as Advisor and Alter­ the Center of Hope Food and Clothing Bank; and development. It has been incorporated nate Representative of the ROC's Delegation and the Hope Senior Housing Project. into the 1988 foreign aid bill, which has been to the United Nations General Assembly I am pleased to join my friends in the Bay approved by the House and Senate. (1964, 1969-70). From 1975 through 1979 he Area in this timely celebration of Pastor H.R. 4575 would authorize the President to was Director-General of ROC's Government Reems' life and good work. With this RECORD accept repayments in local currencies of debt Information Office, while concurrently serving entry goes my very best with for the future owed to the U.S. Government by the least de­ as Director of the Department of Cultural Af­ success of Pastor Reems and the causes she veloped countries. Under the bill, the local fairs of the Central Committee of the Kuomin­ so selflessly supports. currencies would remain in the same country tang. to be used by the U.S. Government agencies Minister Ding is no stranger to many U.S. CHESAPEAKE APPRECIATION for local development programs. friends. In his capacity as ROC's Administra­ DAY The most distressing casualties of the in­ tive Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs (1979) and creasing debt of poor countries is the damage Political Vice Minister (1983), he was often the HON. ROY DYSON done to those struggling with the lowest host of many diplomatic functions as well as OF MARYLAND standard of living. Per capita income in the the able spokesman for ROC's foreign poli­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES least developed nations ranges from $120 in cies. In his role as Foreign Minister (1987-88) Ethiopia to $420 per year in Senegal. Debt re­ he helped shape ROC's present policy of con­ Friday, September 30, 1988 payment uses up valuable foreign exchange tinuing economic growth and democratization. Mr. DYSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to an­ needed to import fertilizer for basic agricultural As Taipei's Washington Representative, nounce Chesapeake Appreciation Day on production; and undercuts efforts to produce Ding will continue to articulate and explicate Monday, October 3, 1988. I ask my col­ basic food requirements. ROC's positions on matters vital to sustaining leagues to join me in celebrating what I hope The statistics for hunger, malnourishment, a vibrant and expanding relationship between is the eternal life of the Nation's largest, most and child mortality are up and the debt crisis the Republic of China and the United States, productive estuary. Those of us who represent can be traced as a major cause. Each day while at the same time he will help his Gov­ the people who live on the shores of the bay 40,000 children die in the developing world. ernment and his countrymen understand and those whose livelihood depends on its Between the ages of 5 months and 6 years United States views on sensitive poiitical and bountiful marine life know that the Chesa­ old 140 million children are malnourished. especially trade issues. We who represnt agri­ peake has served us well. From Spesutie The United States simply must do all we cultural distirct are particularly anxious to have Island on the northern tip of the bay to Cove can to put in operation effective aid programs positive dialog on critical issues; and, certainly Point on the southern Maryland shore and on to advance development in poorer countries. those of us who represent those at textile pro­ down, watermen have made their living, na­ This program, which keeps local currencies ducing districts are anxious that our views on tives of the eastern shore and tourists have employed at home is a small step in the right critical trade issues relating to these products sailed its waters for pleasure. direction. have his full understanding and attention. 27352 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 Representative Ding will have a challenging I am sure my colleagues join me in com­ remember that for all the glasnost, and peres­ job in Washington, and we look forward to mending him for his service and wishing him troika, the changes that took place today, working construtively with him to the mutual the best in his retirement. whatever the underlying differences of opin­ benefit of our respective countries. ion, took place under a unanimous vote. There was not a peep of opposition from any­ THE DIXON AMENDMENT body. The events of today signal a dynamic STUNNING CHANGES IN SOVIET change in the personnel structure of Soviet HON. BYRON L. DORGAN UNION politics. However, I do not think that the United States can judge from appearances as OF NORTH DAKOTA HON. JACK DAVIS to what it will all really mean. Gorbachev is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF ILLINOIS certainly the master of public relations. How­ Friday, September 30, 1988 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ever, the Soviet blend of advertising is still too Mr. DORGAN. Mr. Speaker, I voted yes on Friday, September 30, 1988 much like store 24, a big monopoly, for us to the Dixon amendment to overturn the D.C. see who the rising competitors might really Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I stand statute requiring recognition of groups based be. on sexual preference. The Dixon amendment before you today to recognize a very impor­ provides, in my judgment, broad protection of tant event which has just taken place in the religious freedom and appropriately overturns Soviet Union. The stunning changes that have the D.C. statute. The Dixon amendment, how­ taken place in the status of various members TURNER'S SYNDROME ever, failed. The House then approved by of the Soviet Central Committee constitutes a voice vote the Dannemeyer motion to accept serious realignment and appears to earmark a the Armstrong amendment. I voted yes on sharp move by Gorbachev to strengthen sup­ HON. ELTON GALLEGLY that voice vote in support of the Dannemeyer port for his policies. OF CALIFORNIA The sudden removal today of some of the motion. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It seems appropriate to me that Congress central committee's top leaders, substituted express itself on this question of whether it is by the promotion of others, leaves questions Friday, September 30, 1988 advisable to have a statute, like the D.C. stat­ as to why individuals were either moved in or Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ute, requiring a religious organization to recog­ out of the circle of power. The Kremlin's an­ bring to my colleagues; attention a rare birth nouncement yesterday that a special session nize groups that condone or promote moral defect affecting women. behavior that is not in keeping with the teach­ of the Supreme Soviet, the Soviet Union's leg­ Turner's Syndrome is a chromosomal ab­ ings of the religious institution. islature, will meet on Saturday, adds to the aura of suspense in Moscow. normality affecting about 1 in every 2,500 girls It appears that those who have been moved born each year. The most visible result of TRIBUTE TO F.W. Lithuania turers, initiated at my request, has already will be free!" The demonstrators dispersed Friday, September 30, 1988 been conducted to determine whether the peacefully at 9:15 p.m. Mr. WOLPE. Mr. Speaker, today I want to dyes covered by this legislation are made do­ As cochairmen of Lithuanian Catholic Reli­ pay tribute to an elementary school serving mestically so that my legislation could include gious Liberty Group, we call upon our col­ my district-the Sunset Lake Elementary only those dyes made overseas. Before the leagues in Congress, the administration and School of Vicksburg, MI. On October 1, 1988, House Ways and Means Committee begins all people who support freedom and self-de­ the Vicksburg Community will join in celebra­ consideration of these bills, the International termination for the Baltic nations of Estonia, tion to honor the school for having received Trade Commission and the Commerce De­ Latvia, and Lithuania to speak out forcefully the prestigious National Award of Excellence. partment will be conducting a formal industry against these repressive actions taken by the The Sunset Lake Elementary School is an survey as part of the review of these bills. I Soviets against the Lithuanian people. example of how dedication and hard work can am pleased that this survey will be conducted As President Reagan himself said in 1983 in transform limited resources into excellence. because it will provide a definitive list of which reference to the Baltic peoples Sunset Lake is a rural school that receives dyes are made in America and I will support We cannot remain silent in the face of the less than half the statewide average in fund­ modifications of these bills to reflect the re­ continued refusal of the government of the ing, yet its students are provided with a na­ sults of the survey. USSR to allow these people to be free. For tionally recognized curriculum. These four bills are important to protect this reason, the government of the United As a former teacher myself, I understand American jobs and to maintain American com­ States has never recognized the forced in­ that schools like Sunset Lake are not the petitiveness with foreign companies. Failure to corporation of the Baltic States into the result of just good teachers or bright students. pass these bill could mean that the jobs of Soviet Union and will not do so in the future. Exemplary schools like Sunset Lake are built Americans and I urge the Congress to ap­ through a collective effort-one that is the prove the measures. Now is the time for the U.S. Government to result of parents, teachers, administrators, and reaffirm its commitment to this policy by the community all working together. It is the speaking out forcefully and unequivocally people of Vicksburg that have produced a LITHUANIAN CATHOLIC RELI­ against the recent acts of violence in Lithua­ school worthy of national recognition. I am GIOUS LIBERTY GROUP PRO­ nia. honored to represent a constituency that dem­ TESTS SOVIET VIOLENCE onstrates such dedication to the education of its young. HON. JOHN MILLER THE NATIVITY OF THE THEOTO­ KOS ORTHODOX CHURCH OF WASHINGTON SUSPENDING TARIFFS ON CER­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TAIN COLORS OF VAT DYES Friday, September 30, 1988 HON. HELEN DELICH BENTLEY USED IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY Mr. MILLER of Washington. Mr. Speaker, OF MARYLAND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JOHN M. SPRATT, JR. Representative EDWARD FEIGHAN and I, as cochairmen of the Lithuanian Catholic Reli­ Friday, September 30, 1988 OF SOUTH CAROLINA gious Liberty Group in the House of Repre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sentatives, strongly protests and condemns Mrs. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, in the past I have had the great pleasure to salute the an­ Friday, September 30, 1988 the violent breaking up of a demonstration in Lithuania to mark the 49th anniversary of the niversaries of many churches. Last week I Mr. SPRATT. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ signing of the second secret protocol to the honored one which turns 250 years old this ducing four bills which would temporarily sus­ Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. In this protocol Nazi year. Now I have the opportunity to com­ pend tariffs imposed on certain colors of im­ Germany agreed to transfer Lithuania to the memorate the groundbreaking ceremony for ported vat dyes used in the textile industry. Soviet sphere of influence paving the way for the Nativity of the Theotokos Orthodox The purpose of this bill is to make American the Soviet annexation of Lithuania of 1940. Church. It's not an old church; nor is it as well finished dye and textile producers more com­ The demonstration was staged by the Lithua­ known as some other churches. Yet it is very petitive both in our own markets and abroad. nian Freedom League, an organization advo­ special for one very simple reason. At present, the cost of producing finished dye cating Lithuanian independence. Mr. Speaker, this church has a congregra­ and textiles is higher for American companies According to eye-witnesses, as reported by tion rich in spirit, so October 2 will truly be a than their foreign competitors because of the the Lithuanian Information Center, the rally wonderful day for all. In addition, His Grace tariffs our Government imposes on imported was attended by at least 25,000 participants, Bishop Antoun, Auxilliary Bishop of the Antio­ vat dyes. By contrast, foreign manufacturers with approximately an additional 200,000 chian Orthodox Christian Association of North pay less for vat dye, a savings they can pass people gathered in the surrounding area. Vy­ America, shall be the honored guest. the fact on to their purchasers. As a result, it is harder tautas Bogusis, a spokesman for the league, that such an important man is willing to attend for American producers of textiles and fin­ stated: a groundbreaking ceremony for such a small ished dye to compete with foreign manufactur­ They beat everyone, even children and old church truly demonstrates the importance of ers. In my own district in Rock Hill, SC, I have women. • • • People scattered in all direc­ this day. It is only right that I tell the story of a company with about 24 employees making tions, but then regrouped and came back this wonderful little church here. finished dyes. This company is struggling to shouting "facist occupiers out of Lithua­ The Nativity of the Theotokos was founded compete with foreign manufacturers who also nia!" in 1968. At first it only had 13 members; now make finished dyes because they buy vat The police, armed with helmets, shields, 50 families make up its congregation. This still dyes at cheaper prices. I am introducing my and truncheons, countered with more attacks. may seem like a small number, yet for a bill today to protect the jobs of this South According to demonstration speaker Fr. Ro­ church with no permanent house of worship Carolina company as well as all the other bertas Grigas, police forces withdrew at 8 p.m. this isn't too bad. For 20 years the congrega­ American businesses which make or use fin­ to Gediminas Hill, where, it was rumored, pro­ tion has met in a series of temporary loca­ ished dyes. testors would attempt to raise the national tri­ tions. This is a testament to the devotion of its Tariffs on vat dyes were adopted by Con­ color flag of Lithuania. The Sovet Lithuanian members. One common mission-not stained­ gress at a time when our Nation produced flag presently waves atop a castle on Gedi­ glass windows and a beautiful altar-has kept dyes of various colors. Since these tariffs minas Hill. these people united in worship. 27354 .._ EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1988 The church has also managed to engage in For it's electronics and computerization that Boeckmann, Walter Knott, and President a number of charitable activities. Last Christ­ have revolutionized the world in the past 25 Ronald Reagan in receiving the award. mas 300 pounds of food were collected for years, in areas ranging from consumer prod­ Mr. Speaker, the free enterprise system has the poor. Forty-five people were treated to a ucts to medicine to defense and space tech­ made America the great Nation it is, and it's full course holiday meal. It has also served its nology. people like Tony Hamilton who make the free community through such programs as the But those electronic components and com­ enterprise system the engine for economic Men's Fellowship Club, the Ladies' Society, puter products would be useless if they didn't progress that it is. I'm sure my colleagues join and the Youth Group. Under Rev. Father get from where they were manufactured to me in saluting him for earning this well-de­ George Romney's leadership over the past 8 where they are used. Thanks to people like served honor. years these activities have steadily increased. Anthony R. Hamilton, they do. In fact, this church has done more over the Tony Hamilton, since 1980 the chairman GREG BARTON-DOUBLE GOLD past 2 decades than many organizations have and chief executive officer of Avnet, Inc., is done in 10. often called the "Father of Distribution." He Mr. Speaker, It's been a long time coming, has won numerous awards and recognitions, HON. HOWARD WOLPE but now this Orthodox group finally is going to including the Electronic Business "Executive OF MICHIGAN get its own building. To Pastor Romney as of the Year-Distribution" award for the past IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES well as all the parishoners of the Nativity of 3 years and the NEDA "Lifetime Achievement Friday, September 30, 1988 the Theotokos Orthodox Church, I send my Award." Mr. WOLPE. Mr. Speaker, just moments ago most sincere congratulations and best wishes Tony struck out on his own in 1957 when I watched a young man from Homer, Ml, win for a job well done. he left his position as director of purchasing his second gold medal of the day in the Olym­ for Lear, Inc. to form a manufacturer's repre­ pic games. Greg Barton is a constituent of ANTHONY R. HAMILTON sentative company. Within a year, he became mine and although the hour is late and we're franchised to distribute the General Electric all feeling a little weary, it is nice to know that HON. ELTON GALLEGLY line of tantalum capacitors, thus beginning in the tiny town of Homer there is joy, celebra­ Hamilton Electro Sales. OF CALIFORNIA tion, and dancing in the streets. Greg Barton In 1961, the company went public, and a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is an exceptional young American. Four years year later, it merged with Avnet, Inc. and ago he won a bronze medal in the same Friday, September 30, 1988 became part of Avnet's Electronic Marketing kayak competition at the Los Angeles Olympic Mr. GALLEGL Y. Mr. Speaker, we all remem­ Group. In fiscal 1987, the group reported games. Today he becomes the first American ber the classic scene from the movie, "The sales of more than $1.8 billion, while Avnet, to ever go for the gold in kayak racing. He Graduate," in which Dustin Hoffman was Inc. reported sales in excess of $1.5 billion. epitomizes the spirit and dedication that our pulled aside and told that the secret to suc­ For his lifetime of achievement, Tony Hamil­ young athletes took with them to Seoul. We cess in the world was plastics. ton will be presented with the Free Enterprise are proud of Greg Barton. We are proud of all Well, with all due respect to those in the Award by the San Fernando Valley Business our outstanding competitors for the inspiration plastics industry, I'd argue that perhaps the and Professional Association on October 14, they have provided. most important field today is not plastics but 1988. He joins such luminaries as Andy and I congratulate Greg Barton. Tonight all electronics. Dolly Granatelli, Mary Kay Ash, H.F. "Bert" Americans share in his and Homer's pride.