GEORGIAN TOURISM in FIGURES STRUCTURE & INDUSTRY DATA Summary
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WORLD AVIATION Yearbook 2013 EUROPE
WORLD AVIATION Yearbook 2013 EUROPE 1 PROFILES W ESTERN EUROPE TOP 10 AIRLINES SOURCE: CAPA - CENTRE FOR AVIATION AND INNOVATA | WEEK startinG 31-MAR-2013 R ANKING CARRIER NAME SEATS Lufthansa 1 Lufthansa 1,739,886 Ryanair 2 Ryanair 1,604,799 Air France 3 Air France 1,329,819 easyJet Britis 4 easyJet 1,200,528 Airways 5 British Airways 1,025,222 SAS 6 SAS 703,817 airberlin KLM Royal 7 airberlin 609,008 Dutch Airlines 8 KLM Royal Dutch Airlines 571,584 Iberia 9 Iberia 534,125 Other Western 10 Norwegian Air Shuttle 494,828 W ESTERN EUROPE TOP 10 AIRPORTS SOURCE: CAPA - CENTRE FOR AVIATION AND INNOVATA | WEEK startinG 31-MAR-2013 Europe R ANKING CARRIER NAME SEATS 1 London Heathrow Airport 1,774,606 2 Paris Charles De Gaulle Airport 1,421,231 Outlook 3 Frankfurt Airport 1,394,143 4 Amsterdam Airport Schiphol 1,052,624 5 Madrid Barajas Airport 1,016,791 HE EUROPEAN AIRLINE MARKET 6 Munich Airport 1,007,000 HAS A NUMBER OF DIVIDING LINES. 7 Rome Fiumicino Airport 812,178 There is little growth on routes within the 8 Barcelona El Prat Airport 768,004 continent, but steady growth on long-haul. MostT of the growth within Europe goes to low-cost 9 Paris Orly Field 683,097 carriers, while the major legacy groups restructure 10 London Gatwick Airport 622,909 their short/medium-haul activities. The big Western countries see little or negative traffic growth, while the East enjoys a growth spurt ... ... On the other hand, the big Western airline groups continue to lead consolidation, while many in the East struggle to survive. -
Industry Overview GEO.Pdf
საქართველოს ტურიზმის ინდუსტრიის მიმოხილვა 2012 საქართველოს ტურიზმის ეროვნული ადმინისტრაცია თბილისი, სანაპიროს ქ. 44; ტელ: +995 32 243699; ელ. ფოსტა: [email protected] 1 1. მოკლე მიმოხილვა ტურიზმი ერთ-ერთი ყველაზე სწრაფად მზარდ წლამდე 0.12%-დან 0.29%-მდე გაიზარდა. ბოლო სამი ინდუსტრიას წარმოადგენს მსოფლიო მასშტაბით. 2011 წლის სტატისტიკა აჩვენებს, რომ საერთაშორისო წელს, ტურიზმის წილმა მსოფლიო მთლიან შიდა მოგზაურების უდიდესი ნაწილი ივლისსა და აგვისტოში პროდუქტში 9% შეადგინა, რაც 6 ტრილიონ დოლარს სტუმრობს საქართველოს. თურქეთი, აზერბაიჯანი და აღემატება. აღნიშნულ სექტორში 255 მილიონზე მეტი სომხეთი მოგზაურთა რაოდენობის მხრივ პირველ ადამიანი მუშაობს, რაც მსოფლიო მასშტაბით დასაქმების სამეულს წარმოადგენს. ამ ქვეყნებზე საქართველოში 8.7%-ს შეადგენს. მოსალოდნელია, რომ ტურიზმის საერთაშორისო მოგზაურების დაახლოებით 76% ინდუსტრიის ზრდა გაგრძელდება საშუალოდ 4%-იანი მოდის. წლიური მატების ტემპით და უახლოეს წლებში სასტუმროების ბაზარზე ამჟამად აჭარის ზღვისპირა მთლიანი შიდა პროდუქტის 10%-ს, ანუ დაახლოებით 10 რეგიონი და თბილისი დომინირებს. სულ საქართველოს ტრილიონ დოლარს გაუტოლდება. საერთაშორისო ტერიტორიაზე 1051 განთავსების საშუალებაა 34 751 მოგზაურების რაოდენობა 2011 წელს 4.6%-ით გაიზარდა საწოლი ადგილით. საწოლების რაოდენობის მხრივ და 980 მილიონი შეადგინა. ამ უკანასკნელი პირველ ადგილზე აჭარის რეგიონია. მათი რაოდენობის მაჩველებლის 2012 წლის მოსალოდნელი ზრდის ტემპი 63% სასტუმროებზე მოდის. შემდეგ არის სასტუმრო 3-დან 4%-მდე მერყეობს და UNWTO-ს ვარაუდით ის 1 სახლები (16%) და საოჯახო სასტუმროები (16%). ბოლო მილიარდს გაუტოლდება. გარდა ამისა, UNWTO პერიოდში მოგზაურების რაოდენობის -
U.S. Department of Transportation Federal
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ORDER TRANSPORTATION JO 7340.2E FEDERAL AVIATION Effective Date: ADMINISTRATION July 24, 2014 Air Traffic Organization Policy Subject: Contractions Includes Change 1 dated 11/13/14 https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/CNT/3-3.HTM A 3- Company Country Telephony Ltr AAA AVICON AVIATION CONSULTANTS & AGENTS PAKISTAN AAB ABELAG AVIATION BELGIUM ABG AAC ARMY AIR CORPS UNITED KINGDOM ARMYAIR AAD MANN AIR LTD (T/A AMBASSADOR) UNITED KINGDOM AMBASSADOR AAE EXPRESS AIR, INC. (PHOENIX, AZ) UNITED STATES ARIZONA AAF AIGLE AZUR FRANCE AIGLE AZUR AAG ATLANTIC FLIGHT TRAINING LTD. UNITED KINGDOM ATLANTIC AAH AEKO KULA, INC D/B/A ALOHA AIR CARGO (HONOLULU, UNITED STATES ALOHA HI) AAI AIR AURORA, INC. (SUGAR GROVE, IL) UNITED STATES BOREALIS AAJ ALFA AIRLINES CO., LTD SUDAN ALFA SUDAN AAK ALASKA ISLAND AIR, INC. (ANCHORAGE, AK) UNITED STATES ALASKA ISLAND AAL AMERICAN AIRLINES INC. UNITED STATES AMERICAN AAM AIM AIR REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA AIM AIR AAN AMSTERDAM AIRLINES B.V. NETHERLANDS AMSTEL AAO ADMINISTRACION AERONAUTICA INTERNACIONAL, S.A. MEXICO AEROINTER DE C.V. AAP ARABASCO AIR SERVICES SAUDI ARABIA ARABASCO AAQ ASIA ATLANTIC AIRLINES CO., LTD THAILAND ASIA ATLANTIC AAR ASIANA AIRLINES REPUBLIC OF KOREA ASIANA AAS ASKARI AVIATION (PVT) LTD PAKISTAN AL-AAS AAT AIR CENTRAL ASIA KYRGYZSTAN AAU AEROPA S.R.L. ITALY AAV ASTRO AIR INTERNATIONAL, INC. PHILIPPINES ASTRO-PHIL AAW AFRICAN AIRLINES CORPORATION LIBYA AFRIQIYAH AAX ADVANCE AVIATION CO., LTD THAILAND ADVANCE AVIATION AAY ALLEGIANT AIR, INC. (FRESNO, CA) UNITED STATES ALLEGIANT AAZ AEOLUS AIR LIMITED GAMBIA AEOLUS ABA AERO-BETA GMBH & CO., STUTTGART GERMANY AEROBETA ABB AFRICAN BUSINESS AND TRANSPORTATIONS DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF AFRICAN BUSINESS THE CONGO ABC ABC WORLD AIRWAYS GUIDE ABD AIR ATLANTA ICELANDIC ICELAND ATLANTA ABE ABAN AIR IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC ABAN OF) ABF SCANWINGS OY, FINLAND FINLAND SKYWINGS ABG ABAKAN-AVIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION ABAKAN-AVIA ABH HOKURIKU-KOUKUU CO., LTD JAPAN ABI ALBA-AIR AVIACION, S.L. -
Putin's Syrian Gambit: Sharper Elbows, Bigger Footprint, Stickier Wicket
STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 25 Putin’s Syrian Gambit: Sharper Elbows, Bigger Footprint, Stickier Wicket by John W. Parker Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, and Center for Technology and National Security Policy. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the unified combatant commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier, August, 2012 (Russian Ministry of Defense) Putin's Syrian Gambit Putin's Syrian Gambit: Sharper Elbows, Bigger Footprint, Stickier Wicket By John W. Parker Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 25 Series Editor: Denise Natali National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. July 2017 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government. Cleared for public release; distribution unlimited. Portions of this work may be quoted or reprinted without permission, provided that a standard source credit line is included. -
Causes of War Prospects for Peace
Georgian Orthodox Church Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung CAUSES OF WAR PROS P E C TS FOR PEA C E Tbilisi, 2009 1 On December 2-3, 2008 the Holy Synod of the Georgian Orthodox Church and the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung held a scientific conference on the theme: Causes of War - Prospects for Peace. The main purpose of the conference was to show the essence of the existing conflicts in Georgia and to prepare objective scientific and information basis. This book is a collection of conference reports and discussion materials that on the request of the editorial board has been presented in article format. Publishers: Metropolitan Ananya Japaridze Katia Christina Plate Bidzina Lebanidze Nato Asatiani Editorial board: Archimandrite Adam (Akhaladze), Tamaz Beradze, Rozeta Gujejiani, Roland Topchishvili, Mariam Lordkipanidze, Lela Margiani, Tariel Putkaradze, Bezhan Khorava Reviewers: Zurab Tvalchrelidze Revaz Sherozia Giorgi Cheishvili Otar Janelidze Editorial board wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Irina Bibileishvili, Merab Gvazava, Nia Gogokhia, Ekaterine Dadiani, Zviad Kvilitaia, Giorgi Cheishvili, Kakhaber Tsulaia. ISBN 2345632456 Printed by CGS ltd 2 Preface by His Holiness and Beatitude Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia ILIA II; Opening Words to the Conference 5 Preface by Katja Christina Plate, Head of the Regional Office for Political Dialogue in the South Caucasus of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung; Opening Words to the Conference 8 Abkhazia: Historical-Political and Ethnic Processes Tamaz Beradze, Konstantine Topuria, Bezhan Khorava - A -
The South Caucasus
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2009 An Uncertain Place In Uncertain Times: The South Caucasus Nathan Burns University of Central Florida Part of the Political Science Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Burns, Nathan, "An Uncertain Place In Uncertain Times: The South Caucasus" (2009). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 4110. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/4110 AN UNCERTAIN PLACE IN UNCERTAIN TIMES: THE SOUTH CAUCASUS by NATHAN L. BURNS B.A. University of Central Florida, 2007 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Political Science in the College of Science at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer 2009 © 2009 Nathan L. Burns ii ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to address how geopolitical factors influence the foreign policies of states in the South Caucasus. Due to the recent Russia-Georgia War, this region is central to contemporary foreign policy, fueling discussions of a New Cold War between the US and Russia. With the explicit goal to provide policy relevant research on this critical region, the South Caucasus states (Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia) are examined in three separate case studies. -
IATA Airline Designators Air Kilroe Limited T/A Eastern Airways T3 * As Avies U3 Air Koryo JS 120 Aserca Airlines, C.A
Air Italy S.p.A. I9 067 Armenia Airways Aircompany CJSC 6A Air Japan Company Ltd. NQ Arubaanse Luchtvaart Maatschappij N.V Air KBZ Ltd. K7 dba Aruba Airlines AG IATA Airline Designators Air Kilroe Limited t/a Eastern Airways T3 * As Avies U3 Air Koryo JS 120 Aserca Airlines, C.A. - Encode Air Macau Company Limited NX 675 Aserca Airlines R7 Air Madagascar MD 258 Asian Air Company Limited DM Air Malawi Limited QM 167 Asian Wings Airways Limited YJ User / Airline Designator / Numeric Air Malta p.l.c. KM 643 Asiana Airlines Inc. OZ 988 1263343 Alberta Ltd. t/a Enerjet EG * Air Manas Astar Air Cargo ER 423 40-Mile Air, Ltd. Q5 * dba Air Manas ltd. Air Company ZM 887 Astra Airlines A2 * 540 Ghana Ltd. 5G Air Mandalay Ltd. 6T Astral Aviation Ltd. 8V * 485 8165343 Canada Inc. dba Air Canada rouge RV AIR MAURITIUS LTD MK 239 Atlantic Airways, Faroe Islands, P/F RC 767 9 Air Co Ltd AQ 902 Air Mediterranee ML 853 Atlantis European Airways TD 9G Rail Limited 9G * Air Moldova 9U 572 Atlas Air, Inc. 5Y 369 Abacus International Pte. Ltd. 1B Air Namibia SW 186 Atlasjet Airlines Inc. KK 610 ABC Aerolineas S.A. de C.V. 4O * 837 Air New Zealand Limited NZ 086 Auric Air Services Limited UI * ABSA - Aerolinhas Brasileiras S.A. M3 549 Air Niamey A7 Aurigny Air Services Limited GR 924 ABX Air, Inc. GB 832 Air Niugini Pty Limited Austrian Airlines AG dba Austrian OS 257 AccesRail and Partner Railways 9B * dba Air Niugini PX 656 Auto Res S.L.U. -
7340.2F W Chgs 1-3 Eff 9-15-16
RECORD OF CHANGES DIRECTIVE NO. JO 7340.2F CHANGE SUPPLEMENTS CHANGE SUPPLEMENTS TO OPTIONAL TO OPTIONAL BASIC BASIC FAA Form 1320−5 (6−80) USE PREVIOUS EDITION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION JO 7340.2F CHANGE FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION CHG 3 Air Traffic Organization Policy Effective Date: September 15, 2016 SUBJ: Contractions 1. Purpose of This Change. This change transmits revised pages to Federal Aviation Administration Order JO 7340.2F, Contractions. 2. Audience. This change applies to all Air Traffic Organization (ATO) personnel and anyone using ATO directives. 3. Where Can I Find This Change? This change is available on the FAA Web site at http://faa.gov/air_traffic/publications and https://employees.faa.gov/tools_resources/orders_notices/. 4. Distribution. This change is distributed to selected offices in Washington headquarters, regional offices, service area offices, the William J. Hughes Technical Center, and the Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center; to all field offices and field facilities; to all airway facilities field offices; to all international aviation field offices, airport district offices, and flight standards district offices; and to interested aviation public. 5. Disposition of Transmittal. Retain this transmittal until superseded by a new basic order. 6. Page Control Chart. See the page control chart attachment. Distribution: ZAT-734, ZAT-464 Initiated By: AJV-0 Vice President, Mission Support Services 9/15/16 JO 7340.2F CHG 3 PAGE CONTROL CHART Change 3 REMOVE PAGES DATED INSERT PAGES DATED Subscription Information ................ 10/15/15 Subscription Information ............... 9/15/16 Table of Contents i and ii ............... 5/26/16 Table of Contents i and ii ............. -
The Caucasus: a Challenge for Europe
The Caucasus: A Challenge for Europe Svante E. Cornell S. Frederick Starr SILK ROAD PAPER June 2006 The Caucasus: A Challenge for Europe Svante E. Cornell S. Frederick Starr © Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program – A Joint Transatlantic Research and Policy Center Johns Hopkins University-SAIS, 1619 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. 20036 Uppsala University, Box 514, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden www.silkroadstudies.org “The Caucasus: A Challenge for Europe” is a Silk Road Paper produced by the Central Asia- Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program. The Silk Road Papers series is the Occasional Papers series of the Joint Center, published jointly on topical and timely subjects. It is edited by Svante E. Cornell, Research and Publications Director of the Joint Center. The Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies Program is a joint transatlantic independent and privately funded research and policy center. The Joint Center has offices in Washington and Uppsala, and is affiliated with the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies of Johns Hopkins University and the Department of Eurasian Studies of Uppsala University. The Joint Center is the first of its kind and is today firmly established as a leading focus of research and policy worldwide, serving a large and diverse community of analysts, scholars, policy-watchers, business leaders and journalists. The Joint Center aims to be at the forefront of research on issues of conflict, security and development in the region; and to function as a focal point for academic, policy, and public discussion of the region through its applied research, its publications, teaching, research cooperation, public lectures and seminars. -
The Caucasus: a Challenge for Europe
The Caucasus: A Challenge for Europe Svante E. Cornell S. Frederick Starr SILK ROAD PAPER June 2006 The Caucasus: A Challenge for Europe Svante E. Cornell S. Frederick Starr © Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program – A Joint Transatlantic Research and Policy Center Johns Hopkins University-SAIS, 1619 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. 20036 Uppsala University, Box 514, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden www.silkroadstudies.org “The Caucasus: A Challenge for Europe” is a Silk Road Paper produced by the Central Asia- Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program. The Silk Road Papers series is the Occasional Papers series of the Joint Center, published jointly on topical and timely subjects. It is edited by Svante E. Cornell, Research and Publications Director of the Joint Center. The Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies Program is a joint transatlantic independent and privately funded research and policy center. The Joint Center has offices in Washington and Uppsala, and is affiliated with the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies of Johns Hopkins University and the Department of Eurasian Studies of Uppsala University. The Joint Center is the first of its kind and is today firmly established as a leading focus of research and policy worldwide, serving a large and diverse community of analysts, scholars, policy-watchers, business leaders and journalists. The Joint Center aims to be at the forefront of research on issues of conflict, security and development in the region; and to function as a focal point for academic, policy, and public discussion of the region through its applied research, its publications, teaching, research cooperation, public lectures and seminars. -
Выходит С Октября 1950 Года 3-4 2017
выходит с октября 1950 года 3-4 2017 СИЛА СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА «Рособоронэкспорт» – единственная в России А М государственная компания по экспорту всего А Л спектра продукции, услуг и технологий военного и К Российская Федерация, 107076, Е двойного назначения. На долю «Рособоронэкспорта» Р Москва, ул. Стромынка, 27 приходится более 85% зарубежных поставок российского вооружения и военной техники. Тел.: +7 (495) 534 61 83 География военно-технического сотрудничества – Факс: +7 (495) 534 61 53 более 70 стран. www.roe.ru 3-4-2017 (773) № 3-4 МАРТ-АПРЕЛЬ ГЕНЕРАЛЬНЫЙ ДИРЕКТОР Д.Ю. Безобразов ГЛАВНЫЙ РЕДАКТОР Л.П. Берне ЗАМЕСТИТЕЛЬ ГЛАВНОГО РЕДАКТОРА: С.Д. Комиссаров ЗАМЕСТИТЕЛЬ ГЕН. ДИРЕКТОРА Т.А. Воронина Александров В.Е. Кравченко И.Ф. ДИРЕКТОР ПО МАРКЕТИНГУ И РЕКЛАМЕ Генеральный директор Генеральный конструктор И.О. Дербикова ОАО «Международный аэропорт «Внуково» ГП «Ивченко-Прогресс» РЕДАКТОР Артюхов А.В. Кузнецов В.Д. А.Ю. Самсонов Генеральный директор АО «ОДК» Генеральный директор КИНО-ФОТОКОРРЕСПОНДЕНТЫ: ОАО «Авиапром» Бабкин В.И. С.И. Губин Марчуков Е.Ю. И.Н. Егоров Заместитель генерального директора ФГУП «ЦИАМ им. П.И. Баранова» Генеральный конструктор – СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫЕ КОРРЕСПОНДЕНТЫ: директор филиала «ОКБ им. А.Люльки» Ульрих Унгер (Германия), Берне Л.П. Карло Кёйт (Нидерланды), Главный редактор журнала Новожилов Г.В. Пауль Кивит (Нидерланды) «Крылья Родины» Главный советник генерального директора ВЕРСТКА И ДИЗАЙН Бобрышев А.П. ОАО «Ил», академик РАН Л.П. Соколова Вице-президент ПАО «ОАК» Попович К.Ф. НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АВИАЦИОННЫЙ ПОРТАЛ Богуслаев В.А. Вице-президент Президент АО «МОТОР СИЧ» АО «Корпорация «Иркут» www. .ru Бурматов С.В. Ситнов А.П. Адрес редакции: Советник генерального директора Президент, председатель совета 111524 г. -
Doc 8585/182
Doc 8585/182 Designators for Aircraft Operating Agencies, Aeronautical Authorities and Services Indicatifs des exploitants d’aéronefs et des administrations et services aéronautiques Designadores de empresas explotadoras de aeronaves, de entidades oficiales y de servicios aeronáuticos Условные обозначения летно-эксплуатационных агентств, авиационных полномочных органов и служб October 2017 Octobre 2017 Octubre de 2017 2017年10月 ﺃﻛﺗﻭﺑﺭ Октябрь 2017 года INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION Doc 8585/182 Designators for Aircraft Operating Agencies, Aeronautical Authorities and Services Indicatifs des exploitants d’aéronefs et des administrations et services aéronautiques Designadores de empresas explotadoras de aeronaves, de entidades oficiales y de servicios aeronáuticos Условные обозначения летно-эксплуатационных агентств, авиационных полномочных органов и служб October 2017 Octobre 2017 Octubre de 2017 2017年10月 ﺃﻛﺗﻭﺑﺭ Октябрь 2017 года INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of ICAO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Les appellations employées dans cette publication et la présentation des données qui y figurent n’impliquent de la part de l’OACI aucune prise de position quant au statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou zones, ou de leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de leurs frontières ou limites. Las denominaciones empleadas en esta publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los datos que contiene no implican, de parte de la OACI, juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de ninguno de los países, territorios, ciudades o áreas, o de sus autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus fronteras o límites.