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Ein Compendium Sumerisch-Akkadischer Beschwörungen Sumerisch-Akkadischer Compendium Ein Schramm Wolfgang

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Ein Compendium Sumerisch-Akkadischer Beschwörungen Sumerisch-Akkadischer Compendium Ein Schramm Wolfgang agisches Denken und Handeln gehört zu den augenfälligsten Charakteristika 2 Göttinger Beiträge zum Alten Orient der altorientalischen Kultur: Bedrohungen des Menschen, insbesondere durch MKrankheiten, werden durch das Auftreten und Agieren von Dämonen verursacht. Band 2 Diese können aber mit Hilfe des Gottes Enki (Ea) und seines Sohnes Asalluhi (Mar- duk) abgewehrt werden. Die hier rekonstruierte Sammlung von 21 sumerischen und sumerisch-akkadischen Beschwörungen bildet einen Querschnitt durch die Ritualpraktiken zur Reinigung und Heilung von Kranken, die diesem Götterkreis Wolfgang Schramm zuzuordnen ist. Die Textherstellung basiert im wesentlichen auf Manuskripten aus der Bibliothek Assurbanipals in Ninive (7. Jahrhundert v. Chr.), die Beschwörungen gehen jedoch zum Teil auf frühere Niederschriften aus dem 2. Jahrtausend v. Chr. Ein Compendium sumerisch- zurück. Die Ausgabe enthält in beträchtlichem Umfang erstmals publiziertes Ma- terial und leistet so einen Beitrag zur Rekonstruktion der religiösen Literatur des Alten Orients. akkadischer Beschwörungen Wolfgang Schramm Ein Compendium sumerisch-akkadischer Beschwörungen sumerisch-akkadischer Compendium Ein Schramm Wolfgang ISBN-13: 978-3-940344-17-5 ISSN 1866-2595 Universitätsverlag Göttingen Universitätsverlag Göttingen Wolfgang Schramm Ein Compendium sumerisch-akkadischer Beschwörungen This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License 2.0 “by-nc-nd”, allowing you to download, distribute and print the document in a few copies for private or educational use, given that the document stays unchanged and the creator is mentioned. Commercial use is not covered by the licence. erschienen als Band 2 in der Reihe „Göttinger Beiträge zum Alten Orient“ im Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2008 Früher unter dem Titel „Göttinger Arbeitshefte zur Altorientalischen Literatur“ Wolfgang Schramm Ein Compendium sumerisch-akkadischer Beschwörungen Göttinger Beiträge zum Alten Orient Band 2 Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2008 Bibliographische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliographie; detaillierte bibliographische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.ddb.de> abrufbar Anschrift der Herausgeberin Prof. Dr. Brigitte Groneberg Seminar für Altorientalistik Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Weender Landstr. 2 D-37073 Göttingen Anschrift des Autors Wolfgang Schramm e-mail: [email protected] Dieses Buch ist auch als freie Onlineversion über die Homepage des Verlags sowie über den OPAC der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (http://www.sub.uni-goettingen.de) erreichbar und darf gelesen, heruntergeladen sowie als Privatkopie ausgedruckt werden. Es gelten die Lizenzbestimmungen der Onlineversion. Es ist nicht gestattet, Kopien oder gedruckte Fassungen der freien Onlineversion zu veräußern. Satz und Layout: Wolfgang Schramm Umschlaggestaltung: Margo Bargheer, Maren Büttner Titelabbildung: Fischmann, Reliefdarstellung einer Ritualszene. Neuassyrisch, Nimrud. Aus: A. H. Layard, Discoveries in the Ruins of Niniveh and Babylon. London 1853, S.350. © 2008 Universitätsverlag Göttingen http://univerlag.uni-goettingen.de ISBN: 978-3-940344-17-5 ISSN: 1866-2595 Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort 1 1 Einleitung 3 1.1 Der Textbestand . 3 1.2 Zur Datierung des Compendiums . 15 1.3 Der Inhalt des Compendiums . 16 1.4 Bezuge¨ zu anderen Serien . 22 2 Standard-Text und Ubersetzung¨ 25 2.1 Beschworung¨ 1 . 26 2.2 Beschworung¨ 2 . 30 2.3 Beschworung¨ 3 . 34 2.4 Beschworung¨ 4 . 40 2.5 Beschworung¨ 5 . 44 2.6 Beschworung¨ 6 . 46 2.7 Beschworung¨ 7 . 50 2.8 Beschworung¨ 8 . 54 2.9 Beschworung¨ 9 . 58 2.10 Beschworung¨ 10 . 62 2.11 Beschworung¨ 11 . 66 2.12 Beschworung¨ 12 . 68 2.13 Beschworung¨ 13 . 70 2.14 Beschworung¨ 14 . 72 2.15 Beschworung¨ 15 . 74 2.16 Beschworung¨ 16 . 76 2.17 Beschworung¨ 17 . 78 2.18 Beschworung¨ 18 . 80 2.19 Beschworung¨ 19 . 82 2.20 Beschworung¨ 20 . 83 2.21 Beschworung¨ 21 . 84 3 Rekonstruktion des Textes 87 Textzeugen . 87 3.1 Beschworung¨ 1 . 94 3.2 Beschworung¨ 2 . 100 3.3 Beschworung¨ 3 . 103 3.4 Beschworung¨ 4 . 113 3.5 Beschworung¨ 5 . 120 3.6 Beschworung¨ 6 . 122 3.7 Beschworung¨ 7 . 128 3.8 Beschworung¨ 8 . 131 3.9 Beschworung¨ 9 . 141 3.10 Beschworung¨ 10 . 147 3.11 Beschworung¨ 11 . 153 3.12 Beschworung¨ 12 . 157 3.13 Beschworung¨ 13 . 161 3.14 Beschworung¨ 14 . 166 3.15 Beschworung¨ 15 . 168 3.16 Beschworung¨ 16 . 170 3.17 Beschworung¨ 17 . 173 3.18 Beschworung¨ 18 . 174 3.19 Beschworung¨ 19 . 177 3.20 Beschworung¨ 20 . 179 3.21 Beschworung¨ 21 . 181 4 Kommentar 187 4.1 Beschworung¨ 1 . 187 4.2 Beschworung¨ 2 . 195 4.3 Beschworung¨ 3 . 199 4.4 Beschworung¨ 4 . 204 4.5 Beschworung¨ 5 . 208 4.6 Beschworung¨ 6 . 213 4.7 Beschworung¨ 7 . 219 4.8 Beschworung¨ 8 . 223 4.9 Beschworung¨ 9 . 227 4.10 Beschworung¨ 10 . 232 4.11 Beschworung¨ 11 . 236 4.12 Beschworung¨ 12 . 239 4.13 Beschworung¨ 13 . 242 4.14 Beschworung¨ 14 . 245 4.15 Beschworung¨ 15 . 247 4.16 Beschworung¨ 16 . 248 4.17 Beschworung¨ 17 . 249 4.18 Beschworung¨ 18 . 250 4.19 Beschworung¨ 19 . 252 4.20 Beschworung¨ 20 . 253 4.21 Beschworung¨ 21 . 254 5 Die Vorlaufer¨ 255 5.1 Vorlaufer¨ zu Beschworung¨ 13 . 255 5.2 Vorlaufer¨ zu Beschworung¨ 14 . 262 Abkurzungen¨ 265 Bibliographie 269 Indices 281 Index der Museums- oder Fundnummern . 282 Index der publizierten Texte . 283 Konkordanz . 284 Wortindex . 285 Index der Kopien . 301 Tafeln 303 Vorwort Die sumerisch-akkadischen Beschworungen¨ gehoren¨ noch immer zu den von der Forschung eher vernachlassigten¨ Bereichen der babylonischen und assyrischen Literatur. Nur wenige der großeren¨ Beschworungsserien¨ liegen in einer modernen Bearbeitung vor,1 wahrend¨ andere nur teilweise oder in vollig¨ veralteten Bearbeitungen zuganglich¨ sind.2 Dies gilt vor allem auch fur¨ die mit 16 Tafeln umfangreichste Sammlung zweisprachiger Beschworungen,¨ die Serie Udug- hul.3 ˘ Angesichts dieser Lage ist es meine Absicht, eine moglichst¨ zuverlassige¨ Rekonstrukti- on und Edition einiger sumerisch-akkadischer Beschworungsserien¨ zu erarbeiten und dadurch einen Beitrag zur Erschließung der mesopotamischen Literatur zu leisten. Nach meiner Edition der Serie Sag-ba˜ 4 folgt in diesem Band nun das Compendium“, eine Sammlung teils sume- ” rischer, teils zweisprachiger Beschworungen.¨ In einem weiteren Band werde ich die Serien Alan n´ıg-sa˜ g-˜ ´ıl-la, A-s´ ag-gig` und Sag-gig˜ bearbeiten, die untereinander verschiedene Beruh-¨ rungspunkte aufweisen und sich somit als einigermaßen plausibel abgrenzbare Textgruppe zur Bearbeitung anbieten. Dem in lesbarer Form transkribierten Standard-Text wurde eine getrennte Ubersetzung¨ der sumerischen und der akkadischen Version beigegeben. Dies erschien notig,¨ da die beiden Ver- sionen oft deutlich divergieren. Eine quasi einheitliche, oder nur die wichtigeren Varianten ver- zeichnende Ubersetzung¨ wurde¨ diesen Sachverhalt verschleiern. Fur¨ die Rekonstruktion des Textes habe ich wie schon in meiner Edition der Serie Sag-ba˜ das zeilensynoptische Verfahren gewahlt.¨ Dieses laßt¨ die Unterschiede zwischen Textzeugenn verschiedener Epochen und verschiedener Herkunftsorte auf einen Blick erkennen. Diese In- formationen gewinnen an Gewicht, sobald in großerem¨ Umfang zeitlich und raumlich¨ diffe- renziertes Textmaterial zu verarbeiten ist, wie es bei den hier bearbeiteten Beschworungen¨ der Fall ist. Ich habe versucht, diesem Umstand auch durch die Wahl der Textsigel Rechnung zu tragen.5 Letztlich wird nur dieses Verfahren der Tatsache gerecht, daß die meisten literarischen Werke, insbesondere religiose¨ oder magische Texte, nicht zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt von einem bestimmten Autor verfaßt“ und danach nur noch abgeschrieben wurden. Vielmehr sind ” die Veranderungen,¨ die diese Texte im Laufe ihrer Geschichte erfuhren, selbst Teil des Ab- fassungsprozesses, ein Vorgang, der auch durch eine Kanonisierung nie ganz zum Stillstand kommt. Hand in Hand damit gehen Veranderungen¨ in der Funktion eines gegebenen Textes, die 1Walker und Dick, The Induction of the Cult Image in Ancient Mesopotamia. The Mesopotamian M¯ıs Pˆı Ritual. State Archives of Assyria Literary Texts Volume 1. Helsinki, 2001. Teilweise uberholt,¨ jedoch nicht ersetzt ist Reiner, Erica, Surpu.ˇ A Collection of.
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