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The Saxon Cathedral at Canterbury and the Saxon
1 29 078 PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER THE SAXON CATHEDRAL AT" CANTERBURY AND THE SAXON SAINTS BURIED THEREIN Published by the University of Manchester at THE UNIVERSITY PRESS (H. M. MCKECHNIE, M.A., Secretary) 23 LIME GROTE, OXFORD ROAD, MANCHESTER THE AT CANTEViVTHESAXg^L CATHEDRAL SAXON SAINTS BURIED THEffilN BY CHARLES COTTON, O.B.E., F.R.C.P.E. Hon. Librarian, Christ Church Cathedral, Canterbury MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY PRESS 1929 MADE IN ENGLAND Att rights reserved QUAM DILECTA TABERNACULA How lovely and how loved, how full of grace, The Lord the God of Hosts, His dwelling place! How elect your Architecture! How serene your walls remain: Never moved by, Rather proved by Wind, and storm, and surge, and rain! ADAM ST. VICTOR, of the Twelfth Century. Dr. J. M. Neale's translation in JMediaval Hymns and Sequences. PREFACE account of the Saxon Cathedral at Canterbury, and of the Saxon Saints buried therein, was written primarily for new THISmembers of Archaeological Societies, as well as for general readers who might desire to learn something of its history and organiza- tion in those far-away days. The matter has been drawn from the writings of men long since passed away. Their dust lies commingled with that of their successors who lived down to the time when this ancient Religious House fell upon revolutionary days, who witnessed its dissolution as a Priory of Benedictine Monks after nine centuries devoted to the service of God, and its re-establishment as a College of secular canons. This important change, taking place in the sixteenth century, was, with certain differences, a return to the organization which existed during the Saxon period. -
Release Notes, V2.1
Release Notes, v2.1 Release Notes, v2.1 Credits Enhanced Edition Leads: Alex Tomovic, Keith Soleski, Scott Brooks, Phillip Daigle, Jonathan Hill, Alan Miranda, Jeff Payne Release Notes Lead: Dee Pennyway Writing: Dee Pennyway, Publishing and Marketing Coordinator: Amber Scott Disclaimer: As with any major change to a piece of software, the application of the update described here may result in unexpected changes to existing saves, especially on modded copies of the game. As part of the update process, any mods you have applied will be cleared. If you don’t wish to lose your mods, back up your installation before applying this update. © 2016 Beamdog. © 2016 Hasbro, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Baldur's Gate, Dungeons & Dragons, D&D, Forgotten Realms, Wizards of the Coast and their logos are trademarks of Wizards of the Coast LLC in the U.S.A. and other countries, and are used with permission. Hasbro and its logo are trademarks of Hasbro, Inc. and are used with permission. ©1998 BioWare Corp. All Rights Reserved. Bioware, the BioWare Infinity Engine and the BioWare logo are trademarks of Bioware Corp. Black Isle Studios and the Black Isle Studios logo are trademarks of Interplay Entertainment Corp. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Contents How to Use This Document 4 What's Next? 4 Engine Fixes 4 Bug Fixes - BG:EE 5 Bug Fixes - BGII:EE 6 Bug Fixes - BG:SoD 6 How to Use This Document The v2.1 update contains more than a hundred bug fixes. This document is designed to give you a comprehensive list of the fixes included in this update. -
Nordic Roots in Tolkien's Writings Mr
Nordic Roots in Tolkien's Writings Mr. Rayan Akbari & Dr. Sayyed Rahim Moosavinia Associate Professor of English Literature Faculty of Letters and Humanities Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahwaz, Khuzestan, Iran Introduction The social cataloguing website, Goodreads, in accord with Amazon, ranks The Lord of the Rings as the third best-selling book of all time, and The Hobbit as the fourth. This statistic is also confirmed by Facebook's 2014 data analysis of over 130,000 accounts for finding the top 100 most popular books. Sophie Hinger believes that this success stems from Tolkien's different attitude towards his writing. She suggests that Tolkien has pictured "Middle-earth as a mythological version of Europe, rather than creating a new and separate world as many fantasy authors after him did" (3). Her view is perhaps shared by many of the scholars who are searching for the outside influences of Tolkien's works. So far, as different sources as Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, Viking, Old Norse, Finnish, Arthurian, and biblical have been suggested by scholars like Thomas, Atherton, Hinger, Birkett, Tarkka, and Carpenter. Yet, the Nordic side of the argument seems to be better recognized. Many articles and books have established their aim to find these Nordic references; still, none seems to consider Scandinavia as a concrete place. Therefore, articles on different aspects of the culture like the mythology, literature, and specific people, like Vikings, and Finnish are popular in Tolkien studies. The present paper, however, does not discriminate between the different aspects of the concept; therefore, words like Norse, Nordic, Icelandic, Northern, and Scandinavian have all been used by the researchers to refer to the same thing, meaning the culture and literature of the Northern Germanic people. -
The Seventh Sunday of Easter (C) 2Nd June
THE SEVENTH SUNDAY OF EASTER (C) 2ND JUNE 2019 ‘Father, may they be one in us as you are in me and I am in you, so that the world may believe it was you who sent me’ (John 17, 21). S THE POLITICAL CRISIS DEEPENS in this country, our focus must be upon Our Saviour, Christ A the Lord. Our prayers are powerful, and we must respond to the anxiety and confusion by entrusting ourselves and our society to God’s merciful love. At the same time, we must uphold and respect the rule of law. Even if governments totter and fall, even if the media jubilantly fill our hearts with despondency, we have the Holy Spirit to impart to the fearful and confused. The divisions are clear enough, but the issues are so incomprehensible that the experts, especially the politicians, know not what they are. Furthermore, the crisis in other countries also gives ground for alarm. The search for security leads inevitably to extremes of right and left. We are now faced with an opportunity and a moment of grace. We are not powerless or hopeless or gloomy for the spirit of God fills all the earth, ‘and we have the mind of Christ.’ Dom Michael Clothier The results of the recent MEP elections show a country that is deeply divided within itself. Even the break-up of the United Kingdom seems once again to be a possibility. The divisions within the two traditional major parties resemble the cracquelure in an Old Master painting in need of urgent restoration. -
Norse Monstrosities in the Monstrous World of J.R.R. Tolkien
Norse Monstrosities in the Monstrous World of J.R.R. Tolkien Robin Veenman BA Thesis Tilburg University 18/06/2019 Supervisor: David Janssens Second reader: Sander Bax Abstract The work of J.R.R. Tolkien appears to resemble various aspects from Norse mythology and the Norse sagas. While many have researched these resemblances, few have done so specifically on the dark side of Tolkien’s work. Since Tolkien himself was fascinated with the dark side of literature and was of the opinion that monsters served an essential role within a story, I argue that both the monsters and Tolkien’s attraction to Norse mythology and sagas are essential phenomena within his work. Table of Contents Abstract Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 4 Chapter one: Tolkien’s Fascination with Norse mythology 7 1.1 Introduction 7 1.2 Humphrey Carpenter: Tolkien’s Biographer 8 1.3 Concrete Examples From Jakobsson and Shippey 9 1.4 St. Clair: an Overview 10 1.5 Kuseela’s Theory on Gandalf 11 1.6 Chapter Overview 12 Chapter two: The monsters Compared: Midgard vs Middle-earth 14 2.1 Introduction 14 2.2 Dragons 15 2.3 Dwarves 19 2.4 Orcs 23 2.5 Wargs 28 2.6 Wights 30 2.7 Trolls 34 2.8 Chapter Conclusion 38 Chapter three: The Meaning of Monsters 41 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 The Dark Side of Literature 42 3.3 A Horrifically Human Fascination 43 3.4 Demonstrare: the Applicability of Monsters 49 3.5 Chapter Conclusion 53 Chapter four: The 20th Century and the Northern Warrior-Ethos in Middle-earth 55 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 An Author of His Century 57 4.3 Norse Warrior-Ethos 60 4.4 Chapter Conclusion 63 Discussion 65 Conclusion 68 Bibliography 71 2 Acknowledgements First and foremost I have to thank the person who is evidently at the start of most thesis acknowledgements -for I could not have done this without him-: my supervisor. -
The Prose Edda
THE PROSE EDDA SNORRI STURLUSON (1179–1241) was born in western Iceland, the son of an upstart Icelandic chieftain. In the early thirteenth century, Snorri rose to become Iceland’s richest and, for a time, its most powerful leader. Twice he was elected law-speaker at the Althing, Iceland’s national assembly, and twice he went abroad to visit Norwegian royalty. An ambitious and sometimes ruthless leader, Snorri was also a man of learning, with deep interests in the myth, poetry and history of the Viking Age. He has long been assumed to be the author of some of medieval Iceland’s greatest works, including the Prose Edda and Heimskringla, the latter a saga history of the kings of Norway. JESSE BYOCK is Professor of Old Norse and Medieval Scandinavian Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, and Professor at UCLA’s Cotsen Institute of Archaeology. A specialist in North Atlantic and Viking Studies, he directs the Mosfell Archaeological Project in Iceland. Prof. Byock received his Ph.D. from Harvard University after studying in Iceland, Sweden and France. His books and translations include Viking Age Iceland, Medieval Iceland: Society, Sagas, and Power, Feud in the Icelandic Saga, The Saga of King Hrolf Kraki and The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer. SNORRI STURLUSON The Prose Edda Norse Mythology Translated with an Introduction and Notes by JESSE L. BYOCK PENGUIN BOOKS PENGUIN CLASSICS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England Penguin Group (USA) Inc., -
Early Mercian Text Production: Authors, Dialects, and Reputations
Early Mercian Text Production: Authors, Dialects, and Reputations Abstract There are suggestions that King Alfred’s legendary literary renaissance may have been a reaction to the efforts of the neighbouring kingdom of Mercia. According to Asser, Alfred assembled a group of literary scholars from this rival Mercian tradition at his court. But it is not clear what early literary activities these scholars could have been involved in to justify their pre-Alfredian reputation. This article tries to outline the historical and literary evidence for early Mercian text production, and the importance of this ‘other’ early literary corpus. What is our current knowledge of Mercian text production and the political and literary relationship of Mercia with Canterbury? What was the relationship of Alfred’s educational movement with its Mercian forerunner? Why is modern scholarship better informed about Alfred’s movement than any Mercian rival culture? If our current knowledge of this area is insufficient for the writing of a literary history of Mercia, a provisional list of texts and bibliography, published electronically for convenient updating, may prove useful in the meantime. Alfredian evidence for Mercian literary culture That King Alfred claims to have initiated an educational Renaissance is well known. Alfredian writings acknowledge a marked decline in learning and scholarship, at least in terms of Latin text composition and manuscript production, and at least in Wessex (Lapidge 1996, 436-439). But the same texts also suggest the existence of -
Churches with Viking Stone Sculpture 53
Durham E-Theses Early ecclesiastical organization:: the evidence from North-east Yorkshire Kroebel, Christiane How to cite: Kroebel, Christiane (2003) Early ecclesiastical organization:: the evidence from North-east Yorkshire, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3183/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk Albstnllct Christiane Kroebel Early Ecclesiastical Organisation: the Evidence from North-east Yorkshire MA Thesis, University of Durham, Department of History, 2003 The aim of this thesis is to discover how parishes evolved in North-east Yorkshire. It seeks the origin ofthe parish system in the 7th century with the establishment of monasteria in accordance with the theory, the 'minster' hypothesis, that these were the minsters of the Middle Ages and the ancient parish churches of today. The territory of the monasterium, its parochia, was that of the secular royal vill, because kings granted these lands with the intention that monasteries provided pastoral care to the royal vill. -
The Low Countries. Jaargang 11
The Low Countries. Jaargang 11 bron The Low Countries. Jaargang 11. Stichting Ons Erfdeel, Rekkem 2003 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_low001200301_01/colofon.php © 2011 dbnl i.s.m. 10 Always the Same H2O Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands hovers above the water, with a little help from her subjects, during the floods in Gelderland, 1926. Photo courtesy of Spaarnestad Fotoarchief. Luigem (West Flanders), 28 September 1918. Photo by Antony / © SOFAM Belgium 2003. The Low Countries. Jaargang 11 11 Foreword ριστον μν δωρ - Water is best. (Pindar) Water. There's too much of it, or too little. It's too salty, or too sweet. It wells up from the ground, carves itself a way through the land, and then it's called a river or a stream. It descends from the heavens in a variety of forms - as dew or hail, to mention just the extremes. And then, of course, there is the all-encompassing water which we call the sea, and which reminds us of the beginning of all things. The English once labelled the Netherlands across the North Sea ‘this indigested vomit of the sea’. But the Dutch went to work on that vomit, systematically and stubbornly: ‘... their tireless hands manufactured this land, / drained it and trained it and planed it and planned’ (James Brockway). As God's subcontractors they gradually became experts in living apart together. Look carefully at the first photo. The water has struck again. We're talking 1926. Gelderland. The small, stocky woman visiting the stricken province is Queen Wilhelmina. Without turning a hair she allows herself to be carried over the waters. -
Gerald Dyson
CONTEXTS FOR PASTORAL CARE: ANGLO-SAXON PRIESTS AND PRIESTLY BOOKS, C. 900–1100 Gerald P. Dyson PhD University of York History March 2016 3 Abstract This thesis is an examination and analysis of the books needed by and available to Anglo-Saxon priests for the provision of pastoral care in the tenth and eleventh centuries. Anglo-Saxon priests are a group that has not previously been studied as such due to the scattered and difficult nature of the evidence. By synthesizing previous scholarly work on the secular clergy, pastoral care, and priests’ books, this thesis aims to demonstrate how priestly manuscripts can be used to inform our understanding of the practice of pastoral care in Anglo-Saxon England. In the first section of this thesis (Chapters 2–4), I will discuss the context of priestly ministry in England in the tenth and eleventh centuries before arguing that the availability of a certain set of pastoral texts prescribed for priests by early medieval bishops was vital to the provision of pastoral care. Additionally, I assert that Anglo- Saxon priests in general had access to the necessary books through means such as episcopal provision and aristocratic patronage and were sufficiently literate to use these texts. The second section (Chapters 5–7) is divided according to different types of priestly texts and through both documentary evidence and case studies of specific manuscripts, I contend that the analysis of individual priests’ books clarifies our view of pastoral provision and that these books are under-utilized resources in scholars’ attempts to better understand contemporary pastoral care. -
Newsletter of Saint Charles Borromeo Catholic Church ~ June 2018
no se pierda articulos en páginas 2, 4, 5 NewsletteHr of SaintuCharlmes Borroimelo Ciatholiac Chursch ~ June 2018 Infinity War Spoiler Alert: Jesus rolls the stone away and saves us from Death. I love superheroes. Based upon the abundance of superhero movies produced, I can assume three out of five people in the world do too. (If you are one of the two in your pew who does not, I appreciate your fortitude before the Hollywood blockbuster gauntlet.) But, I love superhero movies. The mindless preposterousness of the plot is part of the appeal; however, as I write this, it is three days before the release of the latest Marvel production and I cannot overlook that there is something profound at work in this one. The elements of its composition reveal the secular longing for divine salvation. The title: Infinity War The plot: “Thanos arrives on Earth to collect the Infinity Stones for a gauntlet that will allow him to bend reality to his will” (a quotation ripped from Wikipedia). The antagonist: Thanos. A name derived from Thanatos the Greek mythological personification of death The protagonists: Pretty much every superhero that Marvel has created “To what shall we compare the kingdom of God, or what parable In other words, Death arrives on Earth to collect our sense of the infinite, can we use for it? which will allow him to bend reality to his will. A Marvel is called upon to It is like a mustard seed that, stop Death and reclaim for us infinity, that sense of forever and ever. -
Dragon Magazine #126
Magazine Issue #126 Vol. XII, No. 5 SPECIAL ATTRACTIONS October 1987 15 The Dead of Night: Not even the grave can keep some people down. Publisher Mike Cook 16 Hearts of Darkness Tom Moldvay Vampires are everywhere you can Count on it. Editor 26 Dead on Target David Howery Roger E. Moore Youll need more than a silver dagger against the enemies of the living. Assistant editor Fiction editor 28 A Touch of Evil Vince Garcia Robin Jenkins Patrick L. Price 31-derful flavors of terror from beyond the grave. OTHER FEATURES Editorial assistants Eileen Lucas Barbara G. Young 8 Role-playing Reviews Ken Rolston Georgia Moore Fantasy campaign supplements: lands of the living and the dead. 37 The Game Wizards Steve Winter Art director The second-edition AD&D® game, from the editors viewpoint. Roger Raupp 40 The Ecology of the Shade Dan Salas Production Staff Life without death, death without life, forever. Marilyn Favaro Gloria Habriga 44 Well Bottled at Slabs John Gregory Betancourt Colleen OMalley Our second visit to a remarkably . spirited tavern. Subscriptions Advertising 50 Bazaar of the Bizarre Gregory W. Detwiler Pat Schulz Mary Parkinson A strange and wonderful assortment of Oriental Adventures treasures. 52 A Ghastly Grimoire Dean Shomshak Creative editors Walking statues, earthquakes, the Yellow Sign, and the CALL OF CTHULHU® game. Ed Greenwood Jeff Grubb 60 The Dragons Bestiary John M. Maxstadt Its mutant round-up time in the lands of the GAMMA WORLD® game. Contributing artists Daniel Horne George Barr 66 There Are Ways of Making You Talk. Kevin Marzahl Richard Bennett Peter Botsis The TOP SECRET® games contact system: Reach out and interrogate someone.