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Transport of Dangerous Goods
ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS Model Regulations Volume I Sixteenth revised edition UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2009 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Copyright © United Nations, 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may, for sales purposes, be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the United Nations. UNITED NATIONS Sales No. E.09.VIII.2 ISBN 978-92-1-139136-7 (complete set of two volumes) ISSN 1014-5753 Volumes I and II not to be sold separately FOREWORD The Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods are addressed to governments and to the international organizations concerned with safety in the transport of dangerous goods. The first version, prepared by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, was published in 1956 (ST/ECA/43-E/CN.2/170). In response to developments in technology and the changing needs of users, they have been regularly amended and updated at succeeding sessions of the Committee of Experts pursuant to Resolution 645 G (XXIII) of 26 April 1957 of the Economic and Social Council and subsequent resolutions. -
The Utilization of Artillery and Mortars As Infantry Support Weapons in the Chaco War
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 6-1965 The Utilization of Artillery and Mortars as Infantry Support Weapons in the Chaco War Charles John Goodall Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Military, War, and Peace Commons Recommended Citation Goodall, Charles John, "The Utilization of Artillery and Mortars as Infantry Support Weapons in the Chaco War" (1965). Master's Theses. 3907. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3907 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE UTILIZATION OF ARTILLERY AND MORTARS AS INFANTRY SUPPORT WEAPONS IN THE CHACO WAR by Charles John Goodall A thesis presented to the Faculty of the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan June, 1965 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express his appreciation for the co-operation of the following agencies and research facilities in gathering materials and providing technical advice in the production of this thesis: The University of Texas Library, Austin, Texas. The University of North Carolina Library, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The University of Florida Library, Gainesville, Florida. Duke University Library, Durham, North Carolina. The University of California Library, Los Angeles, California The United States Army War College, Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas. The United States Army Ordnance School, Ft. -
LANGLEY, LEX and SARA by Scot Macdonald ‘It Is the Navy's Mission to Protect Our Coasts, Our Seaborne Commerce, and Far-Flung Possessions
ANCHORED IN SAN DIEGO harbor January 1933, U.S. Navy’s first the recent past. At right is USS Constitution. “Old Ironsides” was aircraft carrier, USS Langley, provides a startlinq contrast against then on her last major voyage, a tour of important U.S. seaports. Evolution of Aircraft Carriers LANGLEY, LEX AND SARA By Scot MacDonald ‘It is the Navy's mission to protect our coasts, our seaborne commerce, and far-flung possessions. Once war is forced upon us we must take the offensive to win it. The Navy is the first line of offense, and Naval Aviation as an advance guard of this line must deliver the brunt of the attack. Naval Aviation cannot take the offensive from shore; it must go to sea on the back of the fleet. I do not believe aircraft on shore can ward off a bombing attack launched, perhaps, from carriers by night from an unknown point for an unknown objective. On the other hand, a fleet with adequate aviation of its own can drive the carriers back out of effective range. Both for offense and defense the fleet and Naval Aviation are one and inseparable.’ —R.Adm. William A. Moffett, USN, October 1925, in the U.S. Naval Institute Proccedings NE DAY," said Capt. Thomas T. Jason. Although some conservative Returning to America, he immedi- O Craven, who had relieved Capt. seniors frowned on the plan, in time ately studied the problems of strength- Noble E. Irwin as Director of Naval and with the Secretary of the ening the Navy’s complement of pilots Aviation in May 1919, "one day, when Navy’s approval, we persuaded Con- and support personnel, obtaining "ap- someone suggested that shoveling coal gressional committees of the wisdom paratus suitable for their use,” and was becoming unpopular, we proceeded of converting one ship, the Jupiter, developing tactics. -
Adapting to Innovation: the Us Navy, High-Steam Destroyers, and the Second World War
ABSTRACT Title of Document: ADAPTING TO INNOVATION: THE US NAVY, HIGH-STEAM DESTROYERS, AND THE SECOND WORLD WAR. Tyler A. Pitrof, Master of Arts, 2013 Directed By: Associate Professor Jon T. Sumida, Department of History The US Navy’s move to high-pressure and -temperature steam propulsion, otherwise known as “high steam,” has been viewed in the postwar period as a critical advance that made long-range operations possible during World War II. This position, which is almost entirely reliant on the autobiography of Rear Admiral Harold G. Bowen, has neglected to consider the complex and problematic nature of the supply chain required to produce high-steam turbines. Archival research has revealed that the US Navy’s insensitivity to these changes after 1938 caused severe bottlenecks in wartime destroyer production. Also overlooked was the aggressive administrative action on the part of the Navy’s Bureau of Ships and its turbine subcontractors required to mitigate this crisis. Together, these events formed an important example of the need to adapt administratively to match the advance of technology. ADAPTING TO INNOVATION: THE US NAVY, HIGH-STEAM DESTROYERS, AND THE SECOND WORLD WAR. By Tyler A. Pitrof Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Military History 2013 Advisory Committee: Professor Jon T. Sumida, Chair Professor Arthur Eckstein Professor Robert Friedel © Copyright by Tyler A. Pitrof 2013 Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... ii List of Tables ............................................................................................................... iii List of Figures .............................................................................................................. iv Introduction .................................................................................................................. -
Scenes from Aboard the Frigate HMCS Dunver, 1943-1945
Canadian Military History Volume 10 Issue 2 Article 6 2001 Through the Camera’s Lens: Scenes from Aboard the Frigate HMCS Dunver, 1943-1945 Cliff Quince Serge Durflinger University of Ottawa, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/cmh Part of the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Quince, Cliff and Durflinger, Serge "Through the Camera’s Lens: Scenes from Aboard the Frigate HMCS Dunver, 1943-1945." Canadian Military History 10, 2 (2001) This Canadian War Museum is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Canadian Military History by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Quince and Durflinger: Scenes from Aboard the HMCS <em>Dunver</em> Cliff Quince and Serge Durflinger he Battle of the Atlantic was the the ship's unofficial photographer until Tlongest and most important February 1945 at which time the navy maritime campaign of the Second World granted him a formal photographer's War. Germany's large and powerful pass. This pass did not make him an submarine fleet menaced the merchant official RCN photographer, since he vessels carrying the essential supplies maintained all his shipboard duties; it upon which depended the survival of merely enabled him to take photos as Great Britain and, ultimately, the he saw fit. liberation of Western Europe. The campaign was also one of the most vicious and Born in Montreal in 1925, Cliff came by his unforgiving of the war, where little quarter was knack for photography honestly. -
Field-Based Analytical Methods for Explosive Compounds
Field-Based Analytical Methods for Explosive Compounds Dr. Thomas F. Jenkins Marianne E. Walsh USA Engineer Research and Development Center– Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 72 Lyme Road, Hanover NH 03755 603-646-4385 (FAX-4785) [email protected] [email protected] 1 1 Outline of Presentation • Important properties of nitroaromatic (TNT) and nitramine (RDX) explosives • Accepted laboratory methods for explosives chemicals • Detection criteria for explosives-related chemicals • Why should you consider using on-site methods? • Sampling considerations for explosives in soil and water • Verified methods for on-site determination of explosives in soil and water • Advantages / disadvantages of various on-site methods 2 Overview of topics to be covered in the presentation. 2 Nitroaromatic Nitramine (TNT) (RDX) NO 2 CH3 N O N 2 NO2 N N O N 2 NO 2 NO 2 H C-O-NO 2 2 Nitrate Ester HC-O-NO (NG) 2 H 2 C-O-NO2 3 3 ***Safety*** • Chunks of high explosives often found at contaminated sites • Concentrations of TNT or RDX in soil greater than 12% are reactive (can propagate a detonation)* • Neither chunks nor soil with concentrations of TNT and RDX greater than 10% can be shipped off site using normal shipping procedures *Kristoff et al. 1987 4 The most important property of all is the ability of these compounds to detonate if they are subjected to the right type of stimulus (spark, shock). This is one of the major reasons why on-site analysis is so important for explosives. Kristoff, F.T., T.W. -
The Weeping Monument: a Pre and Post Depositional Site
THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA by Valerie Rissel April, 2012 Director of Thesis: Dr. Brad Rodgers Major Department: Program in Maritime History and Archaeology Since its loss on December 7, 1941, the USS Arizona has been slowly leaking over 9 liters of oil per day. This issue has brought about conversations regarding the stability of the wreck, and the possibility of defueling the 500,000 to 600,000 gallons that are likely residing within the wreck. Because of the importance of the wreck site, a decision either way is one which should be carefully researched before any significant changes occur. This research would have to include not only the ship and its deterioration, but also the oil’s effects on the environment. This thesis combines the historical and current data regarding the USS Arizona with case studies of similar situations so a clearer picture of the future of the ship can be obtained. THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA Photo courtesy of Battleship Arizona by Paul Stillwell A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Program in Maritime Studies Department of History East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Masters in Maritime History and Archaeology by Valerie Rissel April, 2012 © Valerie Rissel, 2012 THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA by Valerie Rissel APPROVED BY: DIRECTOR OF THESIS______________________________________________________________________ Bradley Rodgers, Ph.D. COMMITTEE MEMBER________________________________________________________ Michael Palmer, Ph.D. -
River-Class Frigates Background
River-class frigates background The River-class frigate was designed by William Reed of Smith's Dock Company of South Bank-on-Tees. Originally called a "twin-screw corvette", its purpose was to improve on the convoy escort classes in service with the Royal Navy at the time, including the Flower-class corvette. The first orders were placed by the Royal Navy in 1940 and the vessels were named for rivers in the United Kingdom, giving name to the class. In Canada they were named for towns and cities though they kept the same designation. The name "frigate" was suggested by Vice-Admiral Percy Nelles of the Royal Canadian Navy and was adopted later that year. Improvements over the corvette design included improved accommodation which was markedly better. The twin engines gave only three more knots of speed but extended the range of the ship to nearly double that of a corvette at 7,200 nautical miles (13,300 km) at 12 knots. Among other lessons applied to the design was an armament package better designed to combat U-boats including a twin 4-inch mount forward and 12-pounder aft. 15 Canadian frigates were initially fitted with a single 4-inch gun forward but with the exception of the HMCS Valleyfield , they were all eventually upgraded to the double mount. For underwater targets, the River-class frigate was equipped with a Hedgehog anti-submarine mortar and depth charge rails aft and four side-mounted throwers. River-class frigates were the first Royal Canadian Navy warships to carry the 147B Sword horizontal fan echo sonar transmitter in addition to the irregular ASDIC. -
United States Rocket Research and Development During World War II
United States Rocket Research and Development During World War II Unidentified U.S. Navy LSM(R) (Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)) launching barrage rockets during a drill late in the Second World War. Image courtesy of the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. and jet-assisted takeoff (JATO) units for piston-pow- Over the course of the Second World War, rockets ered attack fighters and bombers. Wartime American evolved from scientific and technical curiosities into rocket research evolved along a number of similar and practical weapons with specific battlefield applications. overlapping research trajectories. Both the U.S. Navy The Allied and Axis powers both pursued rocket re- and Army (which included the Army Air Forces) devel- search and development programs during the war. Brit- oped rockets for ground bombardment purposes. The ish and American rocket scientists and engineers (and services also fielded aerial rockets for use by attack their Japanese adversaries) mainly focused their efforts aircraft. The Navy worked on rocket-powered bombs on tactical applications using solid-propellant rockets, for antisubmarine warfare, while the Army developed while the Germans pursued a variety of strategic and the handheld bazooka antitank rocket system. Lastly, tactical development programs primarily centered on both the Army and Navy conducted research into JATO liquid-propellant rockets. German Army researchers units for use with bombers and seaplanes. Throughout led by Wernher von Braun spent much of the war de- the war, however, limited coordination between the veloping the A-4 (more popularly known as the V-2), armed services and federal wartime planning bodies a sophisticated long-range, liquid-fueled rocket that hampered American rocket development efforts and led was employed to bombard London and Rotterdam late to duplicated research and competition amongst pro- in the war. -
Additional Historic Information the Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish
USS Hornet Sea, Air & Space Museum Additional Historic Information The Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish AMERICA STRIKES BACK The Doolittle Raid of April 18, 1942 was the first U.S. air raid to strike the Japanese home islands during WWII. The mission is notable in that it was the only operation in which U.S. Army Air Forces bombers were launched from an aircraft carrier into combat. The raid demonstrated how vulnerable the Japanese home islands were to air attack just four months after their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. While the damage inflicted was slight, the raid significantly boosted American morale while setting in motion a chain of Japanese military events that were disastrous for their long-term war effort. Planning & Preparation Immediately after the Pearl Harbor attack, President Roosevelt tasked senior U.S. military commanders with finding a suitable response to assuage the public outrage. Unfortunately, it turned out to be a difficult assignment. The Army Air Forces had no bases in Asia close enough to allow their bombers to attack Japan. At the same time, the Navy had no airplanes with the range and munitions capacity to do meaningful damage without risking the few ships left in the Pacific Fleet. In early January of 1942, Captain Francis Low1, a submariner on CNO Admiral Ernest King’s staff, visited Norfolk, VA to review the Navy’s newest aircraft carrier, USS Hornet CV-8. During this visit, he realized that Army medium-range bombers might be successfully launched from an aircraft carrier. -
A Companion for Aspirant Air Warriors a Handbook for Personal Professional Study
A Companion for Aspirant Air Warriors A Handbook for Personal Professional Study DAVID R. METS, PHD Air University Press Air Force Research Institute Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama May 2010 Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center Cataloging Data Mets, David R. A companion for aspirant air warriors : a handbook for personal professional study / David R. Mets. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-58566-206-7 1. Air power—History. 2. Aeronautics, Military—History. 3. Aeronautics, Military—Biography. 4. Military art and science—History. I. Title. 358.4—dc22 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the Air Force Research Institute, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release: distribution unlimited. Air University Press 155 N. Twining Street Maxwell AFB, AL 36112-6026 http://aupress.au.af.mil ii Dedicated to Maj Lilburn Stow, USAF, and his C-130 crew, who lost their lives over the A Shau Valley, Vietnam, 26 April 1968, while supporting their Army countrymen on the ground Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii DEDICATION . iii FOREWORD . vii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xi INTRODUCTION . 1 1 THE INFANCY OF AIRPOWER. 3 2 NAVAL AVIATION . 7 3 AIRPOWER IN WORLD WAR I . 11 4 LAYING THE INTELLECTUAL FOUNDATIONS, 1919–1931 . 15 5 AN AGE OF INNOVATION, 1931–1941 . 19 6 NAVAL AVIATION BETWEEN THE WARS . 23 7 WORLD WAR II: THE RISE OF THE LUFTWAFFE . 29 8 WORLD WAR II: EUROPE—THE STRATEGIC BOMBING DIMENSION . -
TWGFEX Suggested Guide for Explosive Analysis Training
Suggested Guide for Explosive Analysis Training This is a suggested guideline for the training of an examiner in the field of explosive analysis by an appropriately qualified explosives examiner/analyst. If an appropriate instructor is unavailable, the corresponding sections of the training should be sought externally. This training guide may be modified to fit an agency’s training requirements and goals. All training must be conducted following proper safety procedures as prescribed by the appropriate agency/organization guidelines, as well as all applicable laws/regulations. When practical and available, coordination with local bomb squads is highly recommended. All training must include proper documentation upon completion of each section/module. The trainee may not have to complete all sections. The needs and available instrumentation of the agency will dictate the individual training program selected from the following guidelines. However, the trainee needs to be aware of other analytical methods that are utilized elsewhere. Methods of instruction may include instructions by trainer, self study and/or online guides and/or external instruction. Method of evaluation may include oral, written and/or practical exercise(s). Suggested readings may be found for each section in the accompanying bibliography. I. Introduction Introduction to Explosives Objectives: Upon completion of this unit the student will be able to: 1. Describe the historical development of explosives. (i.e. black powder, TNT, smokeless powder, nitroglycerin, pyrotechnics, etc.) 2. Describe the different types of explosives and how they can be classified. Examples of the different classification systems should include: low vs. high, deflagrating vs. detonating, DOT shipping classifications, chemical classifications, etc.