Rose Mackenberg: Crusader Against Spiritualist Fraud Loren Pankratz Moon, Planets and Disasters Richard L
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THE MAGAZINE FOR SCIENCE AND REASON SKEPTICAL Vol. 19, No. 4 July/August 1995 U.S. $4.95 Can. S5.95 HOW TO SELL A PSEUDOSCIENCE ANTHONY PRATKANIS RUMORS, SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECIES, AND NATIONAL OBSESSIONS JOHN ALLEN PAULOS ROSE MACKENBERG: CRUSADER AGAINST SPIRITUALIST FRAUD LOREN PANKRATZ MOON, PLANETS AND DISASTERS RICHARD L. BRANHAM, JR. ARTIFICIAL LANGUAGES MARTIN GARDNER SPECIAL REPORT RECOLLECTIONS OF PROJECT MOGUL TRYPTOPHAN DISASTER PROBABILITY SLIDE FLOWER REMEDIES Stephen Barrett Clifford A. Pickover Lynn McCutcheon PUBLISHED BY THE COMMITTEE FOR THE SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION OF CLAIMS OF THE PARANORMAL THE COMMITTEE FOR THE SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION OF CLAIMS OF THE PARANORMAL AN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION Paul Kurtz, Chairman; professor emeritus of philosophy. State University of New York at Buffalo Barry Karr, Executive Director and Public Relations Director Lee Nisbet, Special Projects Director FELLOWS James E. Alcock," psychologist, York Univ., Murray Gell-Mann, professor of physics, Santa Joe Nickell," author, technical writing instructor, Toronto Fe Institute Univ. of Kentucky Jerry Andrus, magician and inventor, Albany, Thomas Gilovich, psychologist, Cornell Univ. Lee Nisbet," philosopher, Medaille College Oregon Henry Gordon, magician, columnist, Toronto James E. Oberg, science writer Robert A Baker, psychologist, Univ. of Stephen Jay Gould, Museum of Comparative Loren Pankratz, psychologist, Oregon Health Kentucky Zoology, Harvard Univ. Sciences Univ. Stephen Barrett, M.D., psychiatrist, author, con C. E. M. Hansel, psychologist, Univ. of Wales John Paulos, mathematician, Temple Univ. sumer advocate, Allentown, Pa. Al Hibbs, scientist, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Mark Plummer, lawyer, Australia Barry Beyerstein," biopsychologist, Simon Fraser Univ., Vancouver, B.C., Canada Douglas Hofstadter, professor of human under W. V. Quine philosopher. Harvard Univ. standing and cognitive science. Indiana Univ. Irving Biederman, psychologist, Univ. of Milton Rosenberg, psychologist, Univ. of Chicago Gerald Holton, Mallinckrodt Professor of Southern California Carl Sagan, astronomer, Cornell Univ. Physics and Professor of History of Science, Susan Blackmore," psychologist, Univ. of the Harvard Univ. Wallace Sampson, M.D.. clinical professor of West of England, Bristol medicine, Stanford Univ. Ray Hyman," psychologist. Univ. of Oregon Henri Broch, physicist, Univ. of Nice, France Leon Jaroff, sciences editor, Time Evry Schatzman, President, French Physics Jan Harold Brunvand, folklorist, professor of Association English, Univ. of Utah Sergei Kapitza, editor. Russian edition. Scientific American Eugenie Scott, physical anthropologist, executive Vern Bullough, Distinguished Professor, State director. National Center for Science Univ. of New York Philip J. Klass," aerospace writer, engineer Education Marvin Kohl, professor of philosophy, SUNY at Mario Bunge, philosopher, McGill University Glenn T. Seaborg, University Professor of Fredonia John R Cole, anthropologist, Inst, for the Study Chemistry. Univ. of California, Berkeley Edwin C. Krupp, astronomer, director, Griffith of Human Issues Thomas A. Sebeok, anthropologist, linguist. Observatory F, H. C. Crick, biophysicist, Salk Inst, for Indiana Univ. Paul Kurtz," chairman. CSICOP Biological Studies, La Jolla, Calif. Robert Sheaffer, science writer Lawrence Kusche, science writer Richard Dawkins, zoologist, Oxford Univ. Dick Smith, film producer, publisher. Terrey Elizabeth Loft us, professor of psychology, Univ. Hills. N.S.W., Australia L. Sprague de Camp, author, engineer of Washington Cornells de Jager, professor of astrophysics, Robert Steiner, magician, author. El Cerrito Calif. Paul MacCready, scientist/engineer. Univ. of Utrecht, the Netherlands AcroVironment, Inc., Monrovia, Calif. Jill Cornell Tarter, SETI Institute Carol Tavris, psychologist and author. Los Bernard Dixon, science writer, London, U.K. David Marks, psychologist, Middlesex Polytech, Angeles. Calif Paul Edwards, philosopher, Editor. Encyclopedia England of Philosophy Stephen Toulmin, professor of philosophy, Marvin Minsky, professor of Media Arts and University of Southern California Antony Flew, philosopher, Reading Univ., U.K. Sciences, M.I.T Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer, Foothill College, Steven Weinberg, professor of physics and David Morrison, space scientist. NASA Ames astronomy, University of Texas at Austin. Los Altos Hills, Calif. Research Center Marvin Zelen, statistician, Harvard Univ. Kendrick Frazier," science writer. Editor, Richard A. Muller, professor of physics, Univ. of SKEPTICAL INQUIRER Calif., Berkeley Lin Zixin, former editor, Science and Technology Daily (China) Yves Galifret, Exec. Secretary. 1'Union H. Narasimhaiah, physicist, president, Bangalore Rationalistc Science Forum. India "Member. CSICOP Executive Council Martin Gardner," author, critic Dorothy Nelkin, sociologist New York Univ. (Affiliations given for identification only.) The SKEPTICAL INQUIRER (ISSN 0194-6730) is published bimonthly by the resent the views and work of individual authors. Their publication does not neces Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, 3965 sarily constitute an endorsement by CSICOP or its members unless so stated. Rensch Rd., Amherst, NY 14228-2743. Printed in U.S. A. Second-class Copyright ©1995 by the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of postage paid at Amherst. New York, and additional mailing offices. Claims of the Paranormal. All rights reserved. The SKEPTICAL INQUIRER is Subscription prices: one year (six issues). $29.50; two years. $49.00; three available on 16mm microfilm, 35mm microfilm, and 105mm microfiche years, $69.00; single issue, $4.95. from University Microfilms International and is indexed in the Reader's Guide Inquiries from the media and the public about the work of the to Periodical literature. Committee should be made to Paul Kurtz, Chairman. CSICOP. Box 703, Subscriptions, change of address, and advertising should be addressed to: Amherst. NY 14226-0703- Tel.: (716) 636-1425. FAX: 716-636-1733. SKEPTICAL INQUIRER. Box 703. Amherst, NY 14226-0703. Old address as Manuscripts, letters, books for review, and editorial inquiries should be well as new are necessary for change of subscriber's address, with six weeks addressed to Kendrick Frazier. Editor, SKEPTICAL INQUIRER. 944 Deer Drive advance notice. SKEPTICAL INQUIRER subscribers may not speak on behalf of NE. Albuquerque NM 87122-1306. FAX 505-828-2080. For Guide for CSICOP or the SKEPTICAL INQUIRER. Authors, fax request to the Editor or see May-June 1995 issue, page 63. Postmaster: Send changes of address to SKEPTICAL INQUIRER. Box 703, Arrides, reports, reviews, and letters published in the SKEPTICAL INQUIRER rep Amherst, NY 14226-0703. SPECIAL REPORT 15 The Roswell Incident and Project Mogul SKEPTICAL INQUIRER DAVE THOMAS July/August 1995 A Project Mogul scientist provides important new evidence of links. Vol. 19 No. 4 ARTICLES 19 How to Sell a Pseudoscience ANTHONY PRATKANIS Want your own pseudoscience? Here are nine effective persuasion tactics for selling all sorts of flimflam. 26 Rumors, Self-Fulfllllng Prophecies, and National Obsessions JOHN ALLEN PAULOS When facts are missing from news reports, individuals and societies fill in the gaps with their own fantasies. 28 Rose Mackenberg: Crusader Against Spiritualistic Fraud LOREN PANKRATZ A remarkable woman joined forces this Houdini in exposing psychic frauds. After his death she carried on the campaign for another 20 years. 30 Did the Moon Sink the Titanic? RICHARD L. BRANHAM, JR. Do certain planetary alignments induce maritime disasters? Does the moon play a nefarious role? It seems not. 33 Bach Flower Remedies: Time to Stop Smelling the Flowers? LYNN McCUTCHEON Are the flower remedies for psychological ailments real, or are they nothing more than pretty placebos? 36 Slides in Hell CLIFFORD A. PICKOVER An instructive yet diabolical exercise in probability—for students, teachers, and skeptics of all ages. Try it at your own risk. BOOK REVIEWS Camera Clues by Joe Nickell ROBERT BAKER 40 CAMERA The Myth of Repressed Memory by Elizabeth Loftus and Katherine Ketcham MARK W. DURM 41 Making Monsters by Richard Ofshe and Ethan Watters KEN KURSON 42 The Hippopotamus by Stephen Fry LISA SHEPHERD 43 Hidden Memories by Robert A. Baker TERENCE HINES 44 NEW BOOKS 47 ARTICLES OF NOTE 48 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR /k « a NOTES OF A FRINGE-WATCHER Klingon and Other Artificial Languages MARTIN GARDNER v wans HEALTH WATCH Notes on the Tryptophan Disaster STEPHEN BARRETT \ PSYCHIC VIBRATIONS Recovered Memories Cross the Oceans ROBERT SHEAFFER MEDIA WATCH A Psychologist Studies the TV Talk Shows C. EUGENE EMERY, JR FOLLOW-UP •Si Is the Skeptical Position Plausible? Beloff Replies to His Critics JOHN BELOFF 50 FORUM Artificial Lanlanguage s 3 Lighting Candles, Cursing Darkness RALPH ESTLING 52 CSICOP NEWS ON THE COVER Nickell Joins CSICOP Staff/ SI Editor Receives Humanist Award Illustration by Brad Marshall European Skeptics Meet in Germany 54 if^Effl&k Letters to the Editor tone* Kendrick Frazier [DIIOI1A1 »OA10 James E. Alcock Barry Beyerstein Susan J. Blackmore Martin Gardner Antiscience in Acidemia: Ray Hyman "Knocking Science Philip J. Klass Paul Kurtz for Fun and Profit" Joe Nickell Lee Nisbet The criticisms of "Antiscience in Academia" Bela Scheiber by Paul R. Gross, Norman Levin, and CONSULTING EDITORS Noretta Koertge in the Match/April 1995 SI Robert A. Baker are perceptive, but far too kind. They should John R. Cole Kenneth L.