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Index Volume 12 1990 nas of the HistoryofComputing Index Volume 12 1990 Editor-in-Chief Saul Rosen Self-Study Questions J. A. N. Lee Computing Center Jean E. Sammet Institute for Information Technology Purdue University Programming Language Consultant 133 McBryde Hall West Lafayette, IN 47907 P.O. Box 30038 Virginia Tech 317 494-1787 Bethesda, MD 20824 Blacksburg, VA 24061-0119 301 907-0233 730231-7539 Robert F. Rosin Enhanced Service Providers, Inc. Advisory Board 39 Avenue of the Common Paul Armer Assistant Editors-in-Chiefs Shrewsbury, NJ 07702 William Aspray 20I 389-5200 Michael R. Williams Gwen Bell 2500 University Drive, NW Walter M. Carlson Department of Computer Science Nancy Stern 1. Bernard Cohen University of Calgary Hofstra University Rosamond W. Dana Calgary, Alberta TIN IN4, Canada Administrative Computer Systems Aaron Finerman 403 220-6781 Hempstead, NY 11550 Calvin C. Gotlieb 516 560-5028 Carl Hammer William H. Whitney Thomas W. Madron Daniel D. McCracken BookJASD&D, McGraw-Hill, Inc. Princeton Road Robert W. Rector Department Editors John Todd Highstown, NJ 08540 Anecdotes Henry S. Tropp James E. Tomayko W. M. Turski Article Editors Software Engineering Institute Maurice V. Wilkes Carnegie-Mellon University Heinz Zemanek Arthur W. Burks Pittsburgh, PA 15213 3445 Vintage Valley Road 412268-6806 Liaison Representatives Ann Arbor, MI 48105 313 662-9630 American Society for Information Science Biographies Manfred Kochen Eric A. Weiss Martin Campbell-Kelly Association for Educational Data Systems P.O. Box 15943 pepartment of Computer Science William C. Bozeman Honolulu, HI 96815 University of Warwick Data Processing Manageme/1/ Association 808 922-4207 Coventry CV4 7AL, England Richard F. Gehrt 020373963 IEEE Computer Society Comments, Queries, and Debme Sidney Fernbach Werner Buchholz Society for Computer Simulation Bernard A. Galler A. Ben Clymer Computing Center 24 Edge Hill Road University of Michigan Wappingers Falls, NY 12590 535 West William 914 297-2052 AFlPS Publications Committee Ann Arbor, MI 48103-4943 Thomas W. Madron, Chairman 313 936-0802 Happenings vacant AFlPS History of Computing Committee Cuthbert C. Hurd Walter M. Carlson, Chairman 332 Westridge Drive Museums and Archives Portola Valley. CA 94025 David K. Allison AFIPS Headquarters 415854-1900 Curator, Division of Computers, Information, 1899 Preston White Drive Society Reston, VA 22091 Arthur L. orberg ational Museum of American History 703 620-8900 Charles Babbage Institute Smithsonian Institution 103 Walter Library Washington, DC 20560 American Federation of University of Minnesota 202 357-2038 Information Processing Societies Minneapolis, MN 55455 AFIPS is a federation of nonprofit national 612624-5050 Reviews societies and associations involved in the Paul Ceruzzi development of computing technology and its Brian Randell Dept. of Space Science and Exploration application. AFlPS is dedicated to scientific, Computing Center ational Air and Space Museum educational, and literary purposes and acts on The University Smithsonian Institution behalf of its constituent societies in carrying out Newcastle upon Tyne NEI 7RU, England Washington, DC 205670 programs designed to advance information 0912329233 202 357-2828 processing as a responsible profession. Contents Volume 12 1990 Volume 12 Number 1 1990 History of Computing in France-Machines About this Issue 1 Specifications of Twelve Early Computers Made in France • Pierre-E. Mounier-Kuhn 3 From Gamma 2 to Gamma E.T.: The Birth of Electronic Computing at Bull· Bruno Leclerc 5 The SEA CAB 500 Computer • Dimitri Starynkevitch 23 American Scientists and Calculating Machines-From Novelty to Commonplace' Peggy Aldrich Kidwell 31 The Cellar Principle of State Transition and Storage Allocation • F. L. Bauer 41 Happenings • J. A. N. Lee 51 1990 Paris Conference' Pierre-E Mounier-Kuhn A Report on the International History of Computing Conference, Manchester University, 19-20 July 1989 • Geoffrey Tweedale Virginia Tech Library Receives John T. Parsons Papers • Glen McMullen The Information Age • Jon Palfreman Self-Study Questions' Jean E. Sammet 55 Anecdotes • James E. Tomayko 55 Early Computer User Groups • Bruce H. Bruemmer Computer User Groups [1960] • Herbert S. Bright Biographies • Eric A. Weiss 61 Andri Petrovich Ershov • David Gries 62 Comments, Queries, and Debate Whiggism in the History of Science and the Study of the Life and Work of Charles Babbage • R. Anthony Hyman Whirlwind and Microprogramming' Maurice V. Wilkes More on Wilkes, Whirlwind and Microprogramming Pioneer Biographies • George T. Jacobi The Atanasoff Story-A Response' Alice R. Burks and Arthur W. Berks Notes on Babbage, Aiken, and Bowditch • I. Bernard Cohen Joseph Fourier's Anticipation of Linear Programming • I. O. Grattan-Guinness What Does BNF Stand For? • Mike Woodger Reviews • Paul Ceruzzi 72 Nijholt: Computers and Languages: Theory and Practice • Ralf Buelow Kawasaki: The Macintosh Way Fang: Tools of Communication: The Computer Story Otnes: Keuffel and Esser Slide Rules Answers to Self-Study Questions • Jean E. Sammet 73 Volume 12 Number 21990 History of Computing in France-Education About this Issue 77 Computer Science at the CNRS and in French Universities: A Gradual Institutional Recognition • Georges-Louis 79 Baron and Pierre-E. Mounier-Kuhn Computer Sciences at the University of Grenoble • Pierre E. Mounier-Kuhn 89 Informatics at the University of Grenoble • Jean Kuntzmann 91 Programming in Grenoble in the 1960s and those who Flew from the Nest • Jean Pierre Verjus 95 Annals of the History of Computing, Volume 12, Number 4, 1990 • 299 Contents On the Beginnings of Computer Development in Poland • -leon -tukaszewicz 103 Three Inventors-Scenes from Early German Computing History' Ralf Bulow 109 Happenings' J. A. N. Lee 127 Heinz Zemanek, Austria's Computer Pioneer, Turns 70 • J. A. N. Lee The Bicentenary of Charles Babbage • I. Grattan-Guinness IFIP Working Conference on the History of Computing in Europe • Gyozo Kovacs and Heinz Zemanek Computer Bowl" • Steve Wilcox Self-Study Questions' Jean E. Sammet 128 Anecdotes' James E. Tomayko 130 More on General Electric's Start in the Computer Business Dr. Robert Johnson Interview Biographies' Eric A. Weiss 137 Alan J. Pertis Bertram Vivian Bowden • Geoffrey Tweedale William P. Hanf • Heinz Zemanek Marcel Linsman Harriett B. Rigas Louis Robinson An Interview with Jan Rajchman Comments, Queries, and Debate· Werner Buchholz 147 Babbage's Friend' Donald Watts Davies Errors in the FORTRAN Issue • Mark Halpern Reviews • Paul Ceruzzi 147 Ceruzzi: Beyond the Limits: Flight Enters the Computer Age • Martin Campbell-Kelly Staudenmeier: Technology's Storytellers: Reweaving the Human Fabric Bijker, Hughes, and Pinch: The Social Construction of Technological Systems: New Directions in the Sociology and History of Technology Van Crevald: Technology and War: From 2000 Be to the Present Rifkin and Harrar: The Ultimate Entrepreneur: The Story of Ken Olsen and Digital Equipment Corporation Time-Life Books (ed): Understanding Computers Vol. 24: Illustrated Chronology and Index Lee: Winning with People: The First 40 Years of Tektronix • Charles Susskind Searle: The Bombsight War: Norden vs. Sperry Kruh: Tales of Yardley: Some Sidelights to his Career IEEE Scientific Supercomputer Subscommittee. The Computer Spectrum: A Perspective on the Evolution of Computing Forrester: High-Tech Society • K. W. Smillie The Computer • K. W. Smillie Molina: The Social Basis of the Microelectronics Revolution • K. W. Smillie Answers to Self-Study Questions • Jean E. Sammet 153 Volume 12 Number 31990 History of Computing in France-Professionalization About this Issue 157 CRIN: The History of a Laboratory' C. Pair 159 The French Society of Computer Scientists: AFCET • Colette Hoffsaes 167 Work for the Hairdressers: The Production of de Prony's Logarithmic and Trigonometric Tables 177 • I. Grattan-Guinness An Experimental Model of an Electronic Computer • Helmut 1. Schreyer 189 Happenings' J. A. N. Lee 199 Dr. Oliver B.A. Strimpel Named Executive Director of the Computer Museum· Gail Jennes Second Colloquium on the History of Information in France: Paris, 24-26 April 1990 • J. A. N. Lee De La Machine a Calculer de Pascal a I'Ordinateur, 350 Ans d'informatique, Musee National des Techniques, Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, Paris, France, 25 April-23 September 1990 • J. A. N. Lee Book Award Given A Correction • Joachim Fisher Self-Study Questions • Jean E. Sammet 204 300 • Annals of the History of Computing, Volume 12, Number 4, 1990 Contents Anecdotes • James E. Tomayko 205 For the Record: Pioneering Days in British Computing • A. S. Douglas Reviews· Paul Ceruzzi 210 Lilley and Trice: A History of Information Science 1945-1985 • Calvin N. Mooers Crandall and Flamm: Changing the Rules: ]echnological Change, International Competition, and Regulation in Communications • Emil Friberg Yates: Control Through Communication: The Rise of System in American Management • William Aspray Killen: IBM: The Making of the Common View • Herman Berg Answers to Self-Study Questions • Jean E. Sammet 214 Volume 12 Number 4 1990 About this issue' J. A. N. Lee 217 History of Computing in France-Users The Beginnings of Computing Activities at the Atomic Energy Authority, 1952-1972 • Albert Amouyal 219 Informatics in the Defense Industry • Henri Boucher 227 A Look into the Future of Information Processing • Heinz Zemanek 241 Another Look into the Future of Information Processing, 20 Years Later • Heinz Zemanek 253 Happenings' J. A. N. Lee 261 Smithsonian
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