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Spellman Is the Innovator of the High Voltage Industry International Journal of High-Energy Physics CERN COURIER Silicon makes tracks for CMS CERN COMPUTING NEWS Z BOSON LHC cryogenic line Combating congestion LEP and SLD publish passes first tests p5 on the Internet pl7 combined results p23 Thinking Inside the Box With Every Spelh Bertan brand High Voltage Supply you get something extra inside: The "Know How" of the High Voltage People. For more than 50 years, Spellman is the innovator of the High Voltage industry. With our recent acquisition of the respected Bertan High Voltage brand, we offer the world's most comprehensive line of generators, rack instruments, modules and Monoblock X-Ray Sources". • Application Know How: Voltage: 250V to 36» Whether your field is X-Ray Analysis, Semiconductor Processing, Security Detection, Medical Imaging, Electron Microscopy, or Mass Spectrometry, Power: 1W to 120k we make a high voltage supply to meet your needs. Ripple: depending on Application • Engineering Know How: <.001%p-p We have the largest engineering team in the business and one of the Package: Rack, Module, PCB, most innovative design libraries in our industry. Benchtop, NIM, Custom • Manufacturing Know How: Interface: Analog, RS232, USB, Ethernet, IEEE We maintain world-class ISO9001 production facilities in the US, Europe and in Mexico. The High Voltage People of Spellman: responsive, professional and situated globally to support you. Put their know how to work for you today. For more on the inside story of Spellman's innovative high voltage solutions, call us or MONOBLOCK® is a registered trademark of Spellman High Voltage Electronics Corp. visit our website www.spellmanhv.com 475 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 tel: +1-631-630-3000 fax: +1-631-435-1620 Spellman e-mail: [email protected] I High Voltage Electronics Corporation www.spellmanhv.com USA EUROPE JAPAN MEXICO CHINA CONTENTS Covering current developments in high- energy physics and related fields worldwide CERN Courier is distributed to member-state governments, institutes and laboratories affiliated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly, except for January and August. The views expressed are not necessarily those of the CERN management. CERN Editor Christine Sutton CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +41 (0) 22 785 0247 Web: cerncourier.com COURIER Advisory board James Gillies, Rolf Landua and Maximilian Metzger VOLUME 45 NUMBER 9 NOVEMBER 2005 Laboratory correspondents: Argonne National Laboratory (US): D Ayres Brookhaven National Laboratory (US): PYamin Cornell University (US): D G Cassel DESY Laboratory (Germany): Ilka Flegel, Petra Folkerts Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US): Judy Jackson Forschungszentrum Julien (Germany): Markus Buescher GSI Darmstadt (Germany): G Siegert INFN (Italy): Barbara Gallavotti IHEP, Beijing (China): Tongzhou Xu Jefferson Laboratory (US): Steven Corneliussen JINR Dubna (Russia): B Starchenko KEK National Laboratory (Japan): Youhei Morita Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (US): Spencer Klein Los Alamos National Laboratory (US): C Hoffmann LHC project tunnels ahead p5 Saturn's moon soaks it up p!3 Wormser takes over at LAL p43 NIKHEF Laboratory (Netherlands): Paul de Jong Novosibirsk Institute (Russia): S Eidelman Orsay Laboratory (France): Anne-Marie Lutz Newwews 5 PPARC (UK): Peter Barratt LHC project passes several milestones. Silicon trackers take shape for CMS PSI Laboratory (Switzerland): P-R Kettle Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK): Jacky Hutchinson and ATLAS. Rewards for optics in theory and practice. Barish presents Saclay Laboratory (France): Elisabeth Locci plans for the ILC. KEDR adds precision to meson mass measurements. IHEP, Serpukhov (Russia): Yu Ryabov Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (US): Neil Calder TRIUMF Laboratory (Canada): Marcello Pavan Physicswatch 11 Produced for CERN by Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd, Dirac House, Temple Back, Astrowatch 13 Bristol BS16BE, UK Tel: +44 (0)117 929 7481; E-mail: [email protected]; Web: iop.org CERN Courier Archive 15 Publishing director Richard Roe Publisher Jo Nicholas Computing News and Features 17 Art director Andrew Giaquinto Production Seth Burgess, Jonathan Cailes, Ruth Leopold Synergia provides new 3D tool. Tim Berners-Lee receives Quadriga award. Technical illustrator Alison Tovey W3C specification guidelines assist authors. FZJ's new supercomputer Display advertisement manager Jonathan Baron Deputy advertisement manager Ed Jost offers extra power. Internet growth requires new transmission protocol. Display sales North America John Lamb Recruitment and classified sales Kathryn Zerboni, Moo AN Features and Adam Hylands Advertisement production Katie Graham Experiments finally unveil a precise portrait of the Z 23 Product manager Claire Webber Martin Grunewald summarizes combined results from LEP and SLD. Advertising Jonathan Baron, Ed Jost, John Lamb, Kathryn Zerboni, Moo AN or Adam Hylands Fifty years of antiprotons 27 Tel: +44 (0)117 930 1265 (for UK/Europe display advertising), +1215 627 0880 (for North American display advertising), or Lynn Yarris looks back to the discovery of the antiproton in 1955. +44 (0)117 930 1196 (for recruitment advertising); E-mail: [email protected]; Fax: +44 (0)117 930 1178 New exhibition unites people and ideas 30 General distribution Jacques Dallemagne, CERN, 1211 Geneva Jean Audouze talks about the 1st European Research and 23, Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected] Innovation Exhibition. In certain countries, to request copies or to make address changes, contact: China Keqing Ma, Library, Institute of High Energy Physics, Uppsala 2005: leptons, photons and a lot more 33 PO Box 918, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China. E-mail: [email protected] Francis Halzen reports from the recent Lepton-Photon conference. Germany Veronika Werschner, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] Close nucléon encounters 37 Italy Loredana Rum or Anna Pennacchietti, INFN, Casella Postale 56, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy. E-mail: [email protected] Mark Strikman presents new results from Jefferson Lab on short-range UK Barrie Bunning, Library and Information Services Group, R61 nucléon correlations. Library, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon 0X11OQX, UK. E-mail: [email protected] US/Canada Published by Cern Courier, 6N246 Willow Drive, Wisdom generation in the Alps: a student's tale 39 St Charles, IL 60175, US. Periodical postage paid in St Charles, IL, Sezen Sekmen on this year's European School for High Energy Physics. US. Fax: 630 377 1569. E-mail: [email protected] POSTMASTER: send address changes to: Creative Mailing Services, PO Box 1147, St Charles, IL 60174, US People 43 Published by European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Tel: +41 (0) 22 767 6111 Recruitment 50 Telefax: +41 (0) 22 767 65 55 Bookshelf 56 Printed by Warners (Midlands) pic, Bourne, Lincolnshire, UK © 2005 CERN ISSN 0304-288X Viewpoint 58 Cover: The final screw is adjusted on a module of Layer 4 of one half of the silicon tracker for the CMS experiment, which has been assembled in Pisa using modules constructed by many CMS collaborators in labs throughout Europe and the US (p6). (Courtesy INFN Pisa.) CERN Courier November 2005 3 ADVERTISING FEATURE SAES Getters' Ultra-High Vacuum Pumps Support the Upgrade of the Beijing Electron Positron Collider Over 200 SAES® CapaciTorr® non-evap- orable getter pumps will be used to pre­ serve ultra-high vacuum conditions in the new double-circumference storage ring of the Beijing Electron Positron Col­ lider currently under upgrade from the Institute of High Energy Physics of Bei­ jing, China. Pioneering the development of the getter technology, the SAES Getters Group is the world leader in a variety of scientific and industrial applications where stringent vacuum conditions or ultra-high pure gases are required. For 60 years its getter solutions have been supporting innovation in the informa­ tion display and lamp industries, in tech­ nologies spanning from large vacuum power tubes to miniaturized silicon- based micromechanical devices, as well as in vacuum thermal insulation. SAES Getters is also a key-player in the manu­ facturing and marketing of advanced SAES' CapaciTorr NEG pumps help preserve ultra-high vacuum conditions in high energy machines solutions for ultra-high vacuum applica­ tions, including particle accelerators. will enable electrons and positrons to extended number of venting-reactiva- Dozens of machines around the world, move in their own rings and to collide tion cycles. encompassing electron and positron with each other at defined interaction A great emphasis has been made by storage rings, synchrotrons, ion collid­ points. the BEPC II management staff on the ers and nuclear radiation facilities, SAES' CapaciTorr NEG pumps will overall quality of this technological already employ SAES' NEG technology support the ultra-high vacuum system of upgrade, which is regarded as one of the for primary pumping of their vacuum the storage ring by maintaining the vac­ most important scientific projects that chambers and systems. uum level in the 3xlO-10 torr region, China has undertaken in recent years. 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