(GSR) – Helping the World Communicate – CISCO SYSTEMS
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Uva-F-1143 Mccaw Cellular Communications: the At&T
UVA-F-1143 Version 2.2 MCCAW CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS: THE AT&T/MCCAW MERGER NEGOTIATION In September 1992, Craig O. McCaw, the founder and CEO of McCaw Cellular Communications, mused about the recent discussions he had engaged in with Robert Allen, chair and CEO of AT&T. Allen had approached McCaw regarding a possible partnership. Such a deal would enable AT&T to enter the wireless industry and at the same time provide McCaw Cellular Communications, Inc., with sorely needed capital to exploit its cellular operating licenses. McCaw had sacrificed much of its financial flexibility in its hostile takeover of LIN Broadcasting in 1990 and now was saddled with over $5 billion in debt, which had depleted cash reserves and reduced net income. A potential offer from AT&T, the global telecommunications powerhouse, intrigued Craig McCaw as he reflected on the difficult road he and his family had traveled in growing the family-run cable operation into the nation’s leading cellular service provider. McCaw considered the possible reasons why AT&T was pursuing McCaw Cellular. One reason might have been that AT&T sold cellular phones but offered no cellular service, while McCaw offered cellular service, but sold no equipment. Or perhaps it was future access to personal communications system (PCS), the next generation in wireless technology. Or maybe it was McCaw Cellular’s existing seamless wireless national network for voice and data transmissions, a network behind which AT&T could throw its brand name, databanks, marketing clout, and technical expertise. A deal between those two firms would offer to McCaw AT&T’s undisputed expertise in the industry and its global marketing and sales force power to expand its overseas presence. -
Mccaw/AT&T History
McCaw/AT&T History Key Dates: 1984: The first cellular systems are built in Chicago and Washington, D.C. 1987: Craig McCaw sells his cable television assets to focus on wireless business. 1989: McCaw Cellular Communications acquires LIN Broadcasting. 1992: AT&T Corp. acquires 33 percent of McCaw Cellular Communications. 1994: AT&T Corp. and McCaw Cellular Communications merge. 1998: AT&T Wireless Group introduces Digital One Rate. 2001: AT&T Wireless Services, Inc. is spun off as a separate company. Company History: AT&T Wireless, Inc. is the third largest provider of wireless and data services for consumers and businesses in the United States. Through licenses with the Federal Communications Commission, AT&T Wireless has the potential to serve 99 percent of the U.S. population based on the territory covered by its licenses. The company serves more than 20 million subscribers. Through AT&T Wireless's WorldConnect service, subscribers can expect service in more than 100 countries in the Americas, Australia, Asia, and Europe. Origins Although AT&T Wireless's corporate roots sprouted from McCaw Cellular Communications, wireless technology was first developed under the aegis of AT&T Corp. It was a case of a company pioneering a technology and later being forced to buy its way into a business it had first developed. In 1947, AT&T Bell Laboratories engineers invented cellular phone service specifically for law enforcement. Police departments were having trouble staying in contact with their patrol cars. At the time, police departments and patrol cars communicated with each other through radio frequencies, but during periods of high use, the system collapsed. -
GDW-11 Westermo Teleindustri AB Teleindustri • Westermo 2007 ©
AT Commands Interface Guide 6615-2220 GDW-11 Westermo Teleindustri AB Teleindustri • Westermo 2007 © GDW-11 GSM/GPRS Modem GDW-11 485 GSM/GPRS Modem with RS-485 www.westermo.com Introduction This document describes the AT-commands that can be used to configure and control the GDW-1x modem. AT Commands Network message Network Responses The GDW-1x different operating modes are controlled by AT-commands. Modem operation modes: 1 Operating Online Mode Mode 2 3 5 4 Online Command Mode Example of commands/events that can trigger a change of the modems operation modes 1 – ATD command 2 – Hangup from the remote end 3 – Escape sequence +++ 4 – ATO command 5 – ATH command For more information about Westermo, please visit out website www.westermo.com 2 Introduction 6615-2220 Abbreviations and definitions Abbreviations ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange AT ATtention; this two-character abbreviation is always used to start a command line to be sent from TE to Modem BCD Binary Coded Decimal ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute IMEI International Mobile station Equipment Identity IRA International Reference Alphabet (ITU-T T.50 [13]) ISO International Standards Organisation ITU-T International Telecommunication Union – Telecommunications Standardization Sector ME Mobile Equipment, e.g. a GSM phone (equal to MS; Mobile Station) MOC / MTC A call from a GSM mobile station to the PSTN is called a “Mobile Originated Call” (MOC) or “outgoing call”, and a call from a fixed network to a GSM mobile station is called a “Mobile Terminated Call” (MTC) or “incoming call”. MoU Memorandum of Understanding (GSM operator joint) MS The words “Mobile Station” (MS) or “Mobile Equipment” (ME) are used for mobile terminals supporting GSM services. -
NGN): Country Case Studies
Developments of Next Generation Networks (NGN): country case studies © ITU 2009 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by Dr. Vaiva Lazauskaite, RME/BDT. © ITU 2009 International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Geneva All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Denominations and classifications employed in this publication do not imply any opinion on the part of the International Telecommunication Union concerning the legal or other status of any territory or any endorsement or acceptance of any boundary. Where the designation ―country‖ appears in this publication, it covers countries and territories. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of ITU or of its membership. Please consider the environment before printing this report. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 5 2. What are NGNs? How do we understand NGNs? .............................................................. 6 3. Overview of VoIP, IPTV and FTTH markets ....................................................................... 10 4. NGN in Europe ...................................................................................................................... 13 4.1. Austria ...................................................................................................................... -
Clearwire Frequently Asked Questions
Clearwire Frequently Asked Questions What is Clearwire (www.clearwire.com) • Clearwire is a provider of simple, portable, fast and reliable wireless Internet access and services. • Clearwire utilizes a next-generation, non-line-of-sight wireless broadband network technology. • Founded by telecom pioneer Craig McCaw in October 2003, Clearwire is a publicly held company (Nasdaq: CLWR) and is headquartered in Kirkland, Washington. What is Clearwire service? Clearwire provides a simple, “off-the-shelf” wireless high-speed Internet solution. Establishing Clearwire service involves a plug-and-play installation — no need for a technician to configure additional hardware. Customers can establish an Internet connection in minutes. Customers use Clearwire to connect to the Internet using licensed spectrum, thus eliminating the confines of traditional cable or phone wiring. The tower equipment transmits radio signals from a base site to a small, wireless modem the size of a paperback book, or a pc card which easily connects a user’s computer to the Internet. The portable Clearwire service can be moved from place-to-place inside Clearwire’s coverage area, which allows customers to use the service throughout their home, office or favorite coffee house. Clearwire launched its VoIP (voice over internet protocol) service on April 10, 2006. The company currently offers Clearwire Internet Phone Service in 37 markets across the United States. Is Clearwire similar to a Wi-Fi hot spot? Clearwire’s technology goes beyond what the typical Wi-Fi hot spot provides. Clearwire either owns or leases the spectrum over which it broadcasts its signal, providing a high-quality connection not subject to interference, and a secure portal not available when using the Internet in a hot spot. -
Press Releases, SEC Filings, Recent News, Financial Results, and Other Announcements
Press Contacts: Jamie Moody Ciena Corporation +1 214 995 8035 [email protected] Mohamed Kamal Telecom Egypt Director for Media & Investor Relations +202 3131 5219 [email protected] Investor Contact: Gregg Lampf Ciena Corporation +1 410 694 5700 [email protected] FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Telecom Egypt Picks Ciena for Resilient Optical Mesh Network Diverse network paths provide high-availability, high-bandwidth connectivity across Egypt HANOVER, Md., USA and Cairo, Egypt – Oct. 17, 2016 – Telecom Egypt (te) (Ticker: ETEL.CA; TEEG.LN) is deploying Ciena’s® (NYSE:CIEN) GeoMesh solution and packet-optical platforms for reliable, low-latency connectivity to meet surging demands for high-bandwidth services on its national terrestrial network and submarine links between the Mediterranean and Asia. With a more agile and scalable network, Telecom Egypt’s wholesale carrier, service provider, internet content provider and consortium customers will be able to provide diverse data transit routes for international data center interconnect (DCI), disaster recovery, cloud-based services, and other high-capacity services for enterprise and consumer end-customers. Key Facts: With more than 160 years of operational history, Telecom Egypt is the largest provider of fixed line services in the Middle East and Africa. Telecom Egypt offers a complete range of international telecommunications services, including voice, data, dark fiber, colocation and tailored data solutions. Its unique geographic location spans about 1,000 km on the Red Sea and 1,000 km on the Mediterranean Sea, and connects more than seventeen cable systems through seven diversified routes and five landing stations across Egypt. A key benefit of the Ciena-enabled mesh restoration of interconnected terrestrial and submarine networks is that Telecom Egypt can extend its offerings with a suite of extremely robust, diverse, high-availability networking services that can survive unexpected hardware and fiber route failures. -
Telecommunications End-User Satisfaction Impact on Enterprises Success of Internet Service in Egypt
JoMOR 2019, VOL 1, NO 25 1 of 34 Article Telecommunications End-User Satisfaction Impact on Enterprises Success of Internet Service in Egypt Ahmed M Hussein1*, Ihab A Elmetwally2, and Suraya Mamood 3 1 Affiliation 2; [email protected] 2 Affiliation 3; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 1st January 2019; Accepted: 10th January 2019; Published: 28th February 2019 Abstract: This research aims to investigate the relationships among End-User Satisfaction “EUS” and the success of Asymmetric digital subscriber lines as an Internet service of enterprises being distributed through internet service providers “ISPs” in Egypt. It is necessary to recognize the EUS dynamism impact on telecommunication enterprises that related to success. For achieving the objectives of this study, an online questionnaire was carried out on well-known Egyptian five enterprises' employee including the owners or/ managers’ responders” WOAM”, on the other hand, of ADSL end-users at the regional field. The research result gleaned through quantitative questioner that was tested by using statistical descriptive analyses. The implication study assumed major challenges, which likely to be influenced by the ADSL enterprises success in Egypt, which is end- user satisfaction on success factor. Concerning the ADSL Internet service nature as a high-tech ad- hoc industry that might be obsolete soon in favour of new innovation. Virtually, the selected independent variable may significantly explain the interdependence with the dependent variable. Recommendations, to operators of Telecommunication enterprises and suggestions for interested researchers, are forwarded. Keywords: Telecommunication enterprises; Internet service providers (ISPs); Internet service (ADSL); End-User Satisfaction (EUS); Success About the Authors Public Interest Statement Ahmed M Hussein is a postgraduate student of End-user satisfaction and introducing a Faculty of Economics and Management Science high quality of ADSL Internet service are so at Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin. -
Broadband Technologies: a Primer on Access and Solutions
Broadband Technologies: A Primer on Access and Solutions ccess to high-speed internet, or broadband, • Increasing broadband adoption may enhance encourages equitable distance-learning, remote- internet service providers’ ability to expand access. work, quality-of-life and entrepreneurial Working together, communities and local internet opportunities.A Te COVID-19 pandemic not only service providers can leverage existing programs to reinforced but also elevated the importance of household accomplish broadband connectivity goals. access to high-speed internet. Tis primer provides background information about current issues related to broadband access — both Glossary availability and adoption. It defnes often-used broadband terminology, discusses the pros and cons broadband High-speed internet, currently 25 Mbps of diferent broadband technologies and illustrates download and 3 Mbps upload or 25/3. broadband availability and adoption levels across broadband adoption Share of households with an Missouri and the U.S. It concludes by outlining next internet service subscription, measured with data steps communities can take to enhance broadband from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community availability and adoption in their regions. Survey. In this primer, broadband adoption datapoints only encompass households with paid subscriptions to fxed wireline technologies. Other sources may also Key takeaways include wireless and nonfxed technologies and use of • From 2015-19, 37% of Missourians did not have broadband for free at work, school or in public. wired broadband in their homes (Figure 4). broadband availability Share of households with • At home, the need for high-speed internet access access to broadband infrastructure, measured with increases as multiple people in a household data from the Federal Communications Commission. -
Telecom Egypt
Research Department Egypt – Telecoms Telecom Egypt Company Report 31 March 2009 The Cash Dispenser Buy We resume coverage on TE with a "Buy” recommendation. The stock Target Price (EGP) 20.94 trades at a 25.8% discount to peers on 2009e adjusted EV/EBITDA and Market Price (EGP)* 14.73 its stake in VFE is traded at a 41.4% discount to our fair value. Upside 42.2% Main growth drivers are TE’s stake in Vodafone Egypt (VFE) and the wholesale segment. TE offers decent FCF and dividend yields of 9.8% and 9.3% for 2009e. We Listed On EGX, LSE forecast dividend yield to reach 11.8% by 2012f. GDRs to Local Shares 1:5 Bloomberg Code ETEL EY Besides operating in a defensive sector, TE is enjoying a monopoly of Egypt’s fixed line RIC ETEL.CA market, has indirect exposure to the lucrative mobile market through its 44.95% equity stake in VFE and owns a hefty 59% market share of Egypt’s broadband market. TE also Enterprise Value (EGPm) 25,556 has direct exposure to the mobile market by being the incumbent, as mobile traffic goes Net Debt (EGPm) 411 through its infrastructure thereby increasing the contribution of the wholesale segment Market Cap. (EGPm) 25,145 (TE’s main revenue driver) to total revenues, and offsetting the decline in retail Market Cap. (USDm) 4,466 revenues due to the fixed to mobile substitution trend. Additionally, TE’s tariff rebalancing, introduced in 2H08, has partially offset the drop in retail revenues. Number of Shares (m) 1,707.1 Recently, the Ministry of Telecommunications has decided to postpone the offering of a Foreign Ownership Limit - second fixed line license for two years, a positive development for TE. -
Opportunities and Challenges of Convergence for the ICT Sector 14 Options for Policy Responses 20 Nothing Endures but Change 30 Notes 31
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Rajendra Singh andSiddharthaRaja STRATEGIC AND REGULATORY STRATEGIC ANDREGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS CONSIDERATIONS STRATEGIC AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS Rajendra Singh and Siddhartha Raja © 2010 Th e International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / Th e World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 13 12 11 10 Th is volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / Th e World Bank. Th e fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Executive Directors of Th e World Bank or the governments they represent. Th e World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Th e boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of Th e World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions Th e material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. Th e International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / Th e World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www .copyright.com. -
60Th-Anniversary-Boo
HORATIO ALGER ASSOCIATION of DISTINGUISHED AMERICANS, INC. A SIXTY-YEAR HISTORY Ad Astra Per Aspera – To the Stars Through Difficulties 1947 – 2007 Craig R. Barrett James A. Patterson Louise Herrington Ornelas James R. Moffett Leslie T. Welsh* Thomas J. Brokaw Delford M. Smith Darrell Royal John C. Portman, Jr. Benjy F. Brooks* Jenny Craig Linda G. Alvarado Henry B. Tippie John V. Roach Robert C. Byrd Sid Craig Wesley E. Cantrell Herbert F. Boeckmann, II Kenny Rogers Gerald R. Ford, Jr. Craig Hall John H. Dasburg Jerry E. Dempsey Art Buchwald Paul Harvey Clarence Otis, Jr. Archie W. Dunham Joe L. Dudley, Sr. S. Truett Cathy Thomas W. Landry* Richard M. Rosenberg Bill Greehey Ruth Fertel* Robert H. Dedman* Ruth B. Love David M. Rubenstein Chuck Hagel Quincy Jones Julius W. Erving J. Paul Lyet* Howard Schultz James V. Kimsey Dee J. Kelly Daniel K. Inouye John H. McConnell Roger T. Staubach Marvin A. Pomerantz John Pappajohn Jean Nidetch Fred W. O’Green* Christ Thomas Sullivan Franklin D. Raines Don Shula Carl R. Pohlad Willie Stargell* Kenneth Eugene Behring Stephen C. Schott Monroe E. Trout D.B. Reinhart* Henry Viscardi, Jr.* Doris K. Christopher Philip Anschutz Dennis R. Washington Robert H. Schuller William P. Clements, Jr. Peter M. Dawkins Carol Bartz Joe L. Allbritton Romeo J. Ventres John B. Connally, Esq.* J. R. “Rick” Hendrick, III Arthur A. Ciocca Walter Anderson Carol Burnett Nicholas D’Agostino* Richard O. Jacobson Thomas C. Cundy Dwayne O. Andreas Trammell Crow Helen M. Gray* Harold F. “Gerry” Lenfest William J. Dor Dorothy L. Brown Robert J. -
H1 2017 Egypt Telecom Market Overview 4
H1 2017 EGYPT TELECOM MARKET OVERVIEW 4 PERFORMANCE UNDER REVIEW –H1 2017 6 FULLY INTEGRATED OPERATIONS & OTHER INVESTMENTS 12 APPENDICES 14 Content 3 Disclaimer This document has been prepared by Telecom Egypt (the “Company”) solely for the use at the analyst/investor presentation, held in connection with the Company. The information contained in this document has not been independently verified and no representation or warranty, express or implied, is made as to, and no reliance should be placed on, the fairness, accuracy, completeness or correctness of the information or opinions contained herein. The information set out herein is subject to updating, completion, revision, verification and amendment and such information may change materially. The Company is under no obligation to update or keep current the information contained in this material or in the presentation to which it relates and any opinions expressed in them is subject to change without notice. None of the Company or any of their respective affiliates, advisors or representatives shall have any liability whatsoever (in negligence or otherwise) for any loss whatsoever arising from any use of this document or its contents, or otherwise arising in connection with this document. This document does not constitute an offer or invitation to sell or issue, or any solicitation of any offer to purchase or subscribe for, any shares of the Company and neither it nor any part of it shall form the basis of, or be relied upon in connection with, any contract or commitment whatsoever. This presentation has been made to you solely for your information and background and is subject to amendment.