Transit-Oriented Development by TOKYU
Tokyu Corporation Masafumi Ota Tokyu’s Urban Development Techniques
Before land readjustment After land readjustment
Land value increase Urban development Railway construction User increase
Commercial facilitySports facility Culture center CATV
Integrated development of urban development and railway construction
2 Revenue proportion of the transport business
Tokyo Metro
JR East
Tobu
Odakyu
Seibu
Keio
Tokyu
0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0% 100.0% London: poly-centric structure based on the “Garden City” concept
Green Belt Conurbation
Residential Satellite town Suburbs
Business Railway Line Centre Self- containment Decentralisation Difference of background of the Green Belt London/UK 30.0%
25.0%
20.0% Green Belt
15.0%
10.0%
5.0%
0.0% 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1939 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 -5.0%
South East UK
Green Belt Tokyo/Japan 30.0% 25.0%
20.0%
15.0%
10.0%
5.0%
0.0% 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 -5.0% 関東地方 日本全国 Population growth of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area （millions）
（年）(yr) 東京圏TMA : Tokyo,: 東京都＋神奈川県＋埼玉県＋千葉県 Kanagawa, Saitama, Chiba ＴＭＡ
Ｊａｐａｎ
7 Growth of Tokyo : The “Garden City” Development
Residential Suburbs Pressure of Business outward expansion Centre by population increase Growth of Tokyo : The “Garden City” Development
Residential New Residential Suburbs Suburbs Sub-centre Business New Railway Line Centre Growth of Tokyo : The “Garden City” Development SHIBUYA Territory of a Private Railway Company “Ensen Area” Residential New Residential Suburbs Suburbs Sub-centre Business New Railway Line Centre
Railway-oriented Structure Structure of a private railway company’s territory “Ensen”
Residential Suburbs SHIBUYA Private Railway Line Sub- Centre
Commerce or Amusement Agglimeration
Local Centres : support daily life Structure of a private railway company’s territory “Ensen”
Residential Suburbs Transport Demand at a Radial Direction i.e. Commuting or Weekend shopping SHIBUYA Private Railway Line Sub- Centre
Business Expansion by In-migration into the Territory and Creation of a Railway-oriented Life Style Tokyo: mono-centric structure Territory of a Private Railway Company “Ensen Area” Residential New Residential Suburbs Suburbs Sub-centre Business New Railway Line Centre
Railway-oriented Structure Areas along Tokyu Lines
Areas along Tokyu lines Tokyu line ● Shinjuku ● Minato-mirai line 20km 10km Tokyo (defined as 17 cities and wards where Tokyu lines run) Subway line of operation of direct connection ● Subway line with planned operation of Shimo-Takaido Shibuya ・ Area: 490K㎡ direct connection ● JR Yamanote line Sangenjaya Shinkansen line ● (approx. 1/3 of London) ● Naka-Meguro Other JR line, private railway line Meguro ● (approx. eightfold of Manhattan) ● Gotanda ・ Population: 5.06 million (as of March 31, 2011) Futako-Tamagawa● JiyugaokaOokayama ● ● ● Mizonokuchi ● Oimachi (approx. 2/3 of London) ● Denen-Chofu● Tatanodadai Tama Plaza Tamagawa● ・ Population density: 10.324 persons/K㎡ Musashi-Kosugi 30km ● ● ・ Number of households: 2.49 million Kodomo-no-Kuni ● ●KamataHaneda (as of March 31, 2011) Hiyoshi● Aobadai Airport ● ・ Taxable income per person: ● Kawasaki 1.5 times as much as national average Nagatsuda ※ ● Kikuna ・ Consumer spending: 8.0591 trillion JPY ● Minami-Machida ● Chuo Rinkan Service coverage area of it’s communications Inc. ・ 40km Yokohama● Number of households: 1.271 million (as of March 31, 2012)
● Motomachi-Chukagai Tokyu Tama Denen-toshi ・ Area: 50k㎡ ・ Population: 600,000 people
Japan Tokyo Metropolitan Area 14 Major Development Projects (real estate rental business)
Cerulean Grandberry mall Shibuya Shibuya Mark City* Tokyu Bancho Tama Plaza Terrace Tower* Hikarie* Bldg.* Futako Chuo-Rinkan Aobadai Mizonokuchi Tamagawa Sangenjaya Nagatacho Tokyo Minami- Machida Tama Plaza Shibuya
Jiyugaoka
Meguro
Futako Tamagawa Aobadai Tokyu Square Carrot Tower* Tokyu Capitol Rise (Phase 1)* Tower Hiyoshi Yokohama
Kamata Minato-Mirai Haneda Airport
Motomachi- Queen’s Square Chukagai JR Tokyu Meguro Bldg.* Yokohama* Tokyo Hiyoshi Station 15 Bldg. ■ * shows real estate Tokyu owns partially or jointly with other entities. Den-en-chofu in 1932 Den-en-chofu station in 1923 Land readjustment Projects
Urban development based on land readjustment projects (58 land readjustment associations have been formed.)
Tomei Kawasaki IC
To Shibuya Kodomo-no-Kuni Kajigaya Miyamaedaira Machida Tama Plaza Miyazakidai Saginuma Mizonokuchi
Onda Azamino Odakyu Enoshima line OdakyuEnoshima
Eda
Chuou Aobadai Ichigao
Nagatsuda Fujigaoka -
Rinkan Tana Tsukushino
Area: approx. 50 million ㎡ Population: approx. 600,000 people Tsukimino Yokohama Aoba IC Minami- Suzukakedai Kajigaya to Chuo-Rinkan: approx. 19.3km Machida
Yokohama Machida IC
５８ development corporations 3,213 ha 18 Land readjustment Project
【Before readjustment】
Mr. B Mr. A Mr. A
Mr. C Mr. F Reduction of site Mr. E Land replotting area Mr. D Mr. A 【After readjustment】
Mr. B Mr. A Mr. C Public land （land for road, park, school）
Mr. F Land for school Mr. E Mr. DReserve Reserve Park （land to be sold for development work expense)
19 Land Readjustment Project (aerial photos)
【 Before readjustment 】 【 After readjustment】
20 Tama Plaza Station Area before Land readjustment (around 1965)
21 Tama Garden City Tama Plaza in 1972 Tama Garden City Community bus transport in 1987 Shibuya – Urban Sightseeing Base
24 Strength of Shibuya: Terminal Hub ■Japan's #2 terminal hub, where eight train lines link (~3 mil. daily passengers) ■Huge city in the southwestern part of Tokyo backed by prime residential areas served by Tokyu’s train lines and others
Excellent access from Haneda Airport and Narita Airport as 25 well as from main parts of Tokyo History of Shibuya • １８８５ Shibuya station of the Japan National Railway • １９０７ Tamagawa railway • １９２６ Toyoko line railway ■：railway • １９３３ Inokashira line railway ■： • １９３４ Tokyu Toyoko department store commerce • １９３８ Ginza Line railway ■：others • １９６４ NHK broadcast centre • １９７３ PARCO shopping building • １９７７ Shin-Tamagawa (De-En-Toshi) line railway • １９７８ Tokyu-Hands shopping building • １９７９ Tokyu-109 shopping building • １９８０s shopping buildings like Prime, Loft, One-Oh-Nine • １９９０s shopping buildings like Tower Records, Q-Front • ２０００ Shibuya Mark City : hotel, office and commerce • ２００１ Cerulean Tower : hotel and office • ２０１２ Shibuya Hikarie : office, commerce, theatre, etc. Shibuya in 1960 : a sub-centre terminal The New Year Count-down
28 29 Shibuya – Fashion Trendsetting City
30 Shibuya – before the development in 2012
Shibuya Hikarie
31 Future Course of Shibuya Station Area and Its South Area
Shibuya 109 Denentoshi line / Hanzomon line Shibuya Hikarie Shibuya Station Area Shibuya Mark City
Shibuya Station South Area
32 Shibuya Newly Reborn with Further Development
Shibuya Stream
Shibuya Hikarie
Sakuragaokaguchi Area* Shibuya Scramble Square
Dohgen-zaka Area
*City Planning proposal has been submitted for 33 提供：渋谷駅前エリアマネジメント協議会 Sakuragaoka Area 34 Tokyu’s Future Vision of Futako Tamagawa
Phase I office Creation of city in harmony with Total floor area: natural environment rich in approx. 30,000㎡ water, greenery and light ＋ Phase II office Total floor area approx. 87,000㎡ (to be completed in FY2015)
※Perspective image of Futako Tamagawa Park (temporary name) is produced by the redevelopment association Catalyst BA based on an image produced by Setagaya ward. Open innovation space where New work and living style in environment where people engaged in Creative city Futako Tamagawa workplace and living creative work gather are in close proximity
※ Produced by Futako Tamagawa Park (temporary name) in its basic plan formulated by Setagaya Ward Futako Tamagawa is where you can find work and living style of next generation different from central Tokyo. Surrounded by open landscape, the living environment where living, work and leisure space are in close proximity although not far from central Tokyo promotes human communication and generation of creative ideas. It is uniquely attractive for creative industry that provides new values to the society through intellectual creation. Futako Tamagawa in 10 years from now will be a creative city that 35 triggers future growth of Japan and the world. The Christmas light-up event at Jiyugaoka Growth rate of the railway passengers and population 200
180 Number of railway passengers
160 of Tokyu Lines
140 Population of TMG and Kanagawa Pref. 120
100
80 37 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 To sum up
• The TOD structure of Tokyo was progressed by an initiative of private railways. • The business was underpinned by the trend of rapid economic growth and population in- migration. • Large scale property developments around railway terminals play key role to sustain the model.