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Historical Range of Variability and Current Landscape Condition Analysis: South Central Highlands Section, Southwestern Colorado & Northwestern New Mexico
Historical Range of Variability and Current Landscape Condition Analysis: South Central Highlands Section, Southwestern Colorado & Northwestern New Mexico William H. Romme, M. Lisa Floyd, David Hanna with contributions by Elisabeth J. Bartlett, Michele Crist, Dan Green, Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, J. Page Lindsey, Kevin McGarigal, & Jeffery S.Redders Produced by the Colorado Forest Restoration Institute at Colorado State University, and Region 2 of the U.S. Forest Service May 12, 2009 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY … p 5 AUTHORS’ AFFILIATIONS … p 16 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS … p 16 CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION A. Objectives and Organization of This Report … p 17 B. Overview of Physical Geography and Vegetation … p 19 C. Climate Variability in Space and Time … p 21 1. Geographic Patterns in Climate 2. Long-Term Variability in Climate D. Reference Conditions: Concept and Application … p 25 1. Historical Range of Variability (HRV) Concept 2. The Reference Period for this Analysis 3. Human Residents and Influences during the Reference Period E. Overview of Integrated Ecosystem Management … p 30 F. Literature Cited … p 34 CHAPTER II. PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS A. Vegetation Structure and Composition … p 39 B. Reference Conditions … p 40 1. Reference Period Fire Regimes 2. Other agents of disturbance 3. Pre-1870 stand structures C. Legacies of Euro-American Settlement and Current Conditions … p 67 1. Logging (“High-Grading”) in the Late 1800s and Early 1900s 2. Excessive Livestock Grazing in the Late 1800s and Early 1900s 3. Fire Exclusion Since the Late 1800s 4. Interactions: Logging, Grazing, Fire, Climate, and the Forests of Today D. Summary … p 83 E. Literature Cited … p 84 CHAPTER III. -
Our Treasured San Juan Skyway Turns 25
Our Treasured San Juan Skyway Turns 25 ~~~ Ideas & Opportunities for the Future December 2014 Table of Contents Topic Page(s) Background 3 History, Successes and Past Collaboration 4-6 Public Engagement 6-8 Needs, Issues, Ideas for Action, and Opportunities 8-15 -Scenery and Visual Resources Management 8 -Preservation of Cultural and Historic Resources 9 -Infrastructure Improvements and Safety 10 -Opportunities for Joint Marketing and Promotion 12 -Way-Showing, Signage and Interpretation 14 -Other Comments and Ideas 15 Where to go from here? 16-18 Attachments A Sample Meeting Agenda B Meeting Notes from Mancos, Ridgway and Durango Meetings C Goals and “Take Aways” from the 2/26/13 Meeting in Ridgway for the San Juan Skyway Hosted by the Colorado Scenic and Historic Byways Program D Executive Summary of “A Framework for Way-Showing” – San Juan Skyway, June 2013 Accompanying this report is a progress report towards completion of projects identified in the San Juan Skyway Corridor Management Plan, completed in the mid-1990s. 1 | Page This report is being released by the San Juan Public Lands (USFS) and Montezuma Land Conservancy. These two organizations are currently serving as interim contacts for Skyway planning. The author is Marsha Porter-Norton, a regional consultant, who was hired to engage the communities along the Skyway at its 25th anniversary. This report follows and accompanies several plans that were done in the 1990s and 2000s related to the San Juan Skyway. Thanks go out to the Colorado Scenic and Historic Byways Program and to all the stakeholders and participants who gave input and time. -
Beck 1-1000 Numbered Checklist 1962-1975
Free checklist, download at http://www.beck.ormurray.com/ Beck Number QTY W=Winick B "SPACE" Ship/Location Hull Number Location Cachet/ Event Cancel Date MT, Comment BL=Beck Log, If just a "LOW" number, it means that both Hand agree. "CREW" 1-Prototype No record of USS Richard E Byrd DDG-23 Seattle, WA Launching FEB 6/?130PM/1962 MT No Beck number. count 1-Prototype No record of USS Buchanan DDG-14 Commission FEB/7/1962/A.M. HB No Beck number. count 1-Prototype No record of USS James Madison SSBN-627 Newport News, Keel Laying MAR 5/930 AM/1962 MT No Beck number count VA Prototype No record of USS John C Calhoun SSBN-630 Newport News, Keel Laying MT No Beck number count VA JUN 4/230PM/1962 Prototype No record of USS Tattnall DDG-19 Westwego, LA Launching FEB 13/9 AM/1962 HT count 1-"S" No record of USS Enterprise CVAN-65 Independence JUL/4/8 AM/1962 HB count Day 1 43 USS Thomas Jefferson SSBN-618 Newport News, Launching FEB/24/12:30PM/1962 MT VA 2 52 USS England DLG-22 San Pedro, CA Launching MAR 6/9AM/1962 MT 3 72 USS Sam Houston SSBN-609 Newport News, Commission MAR 6/2PM/1962 MT VA 3 USS Sam Houston SSBN-609 Newport News, Commission MR 06 2 PM/1962 HT eBay VA 4 108 USS Thomas A Edison SSBN-610 Groton, CT Commission MAR 10/5:30PM/1962 MT 5 84 USS Pollack SSN-603 Camden, NJ Launching MAR17/11-AM/1962 MT 6 230 USS Dace SSN-607 Pascagoula, Launching AUG 18/1962/12M MT MS 6 Cachet Variety. -
The Following Biographies Are Part of the Original Natoma Bay Logbook Project Created in the 1970S and 1980S by John J
The following biographies are part of the original Natoma Bay Logbook Project created in the 1970s and 1980s by John J. Sassano, historian and Bob Wall, editor. The current document attempts to recreate, in electronic form, that original LOGBOOK of the Natoma Bay Association. The entire Natoma Bay Online Logbook Project can be found at: http://natomabaycve62.org/logbook/LBindex.html Lucinda DeWitt (daughter of John W. DeWitt, Jr.) June 2009 Minneapolis, MN 55407 Please send any comments/corrections/updates to: DeWitt DeConstruction 2021 East 34th Street Minneapolis, MN 55407 [email protected] BIOGRAPHY CAPTAIN HAROLD LETCHER MEADOW UNITED STATES NAVY Captain Harold Letcher Meadow was born in Danielsville, Georgia, on February 16, 1901 He prepared for the Naval Academy at the Columbian Preparatory School in Washington, D.C. He entered from Georgia in 1917 and graduated with the class of 1921. The first five years after his graduation he had duty on the U.S.S. OKLAHOMA, U.S.S. STEWART, and the U.S.S. MEREDITH and in the Asiatic Station on the U.S.S. BORIE and the U.S.S. NEW MEXICO. He was attached to Flagship Division Four, Atlantic Fleet. Bio #1. Page #1. He completed flight training at Pensacola, Florida, in February 1926, and served on the cruiser, U.S.S. CONCORD, until October 1927, when he was assigned to recruiting duty in Richmond, Virginia. He returned to Pensacola in August, 1929 and was designated Naval Aviator in March 1930 . He had duty in Scouting Squadron Five attached first to the U.S.S. -
Additional Historic Information the Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish
USS Hornet Sea, Air & Space Museum Additional Historic Information The Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish AMERICA STRIKES BACK The Doolittle Raid of April 18, 1942 was the first U.S. air raid to strike the Japanese home islands during WWII. The mission is notable in that it was the only operation in which U.S. Army Air Forces bombers were launched from an aircraft carrier into combat. The raid demonstrated how vulnerable the Japanese home islands were to air attack just four months after their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. While the damage inflicted was slight, the raid significantly boosted American morale while setting in motion a chain of Japanese military events that were disastrous for their long-term war effort. Planning & Preparation Immediately after the Pearl Harbor attack, President Roosevelt tasked senior U.S. military commanders with finding a suitable response to assuage the public outrage. Unfortunately, it turned out to be a difficult assignment. The Army Air Forces had no bases in Asia close enough to allow their bombers to attack Japan. At the same time, the Navy had no airplanes with the range and munitions capacity to do meaningful damage without risking the few ships left in the Pacific Fleet. In early January of 1942, Captain Francis Low1, a submariner on CNO Admiral Ernest King’s staff, visited Norfolk, VA to review the Navy’s newest aircraft carrier, USS Hornet CV-8. During this visit, he realized that Army medium-range bombers might be successfully launched from an aircraft carrier. -
U.S. Navy D.Estroyers Lost Or Damaged During World War II
u.s. Navy D.estroyers Lost or Damaged During World War II Introduction Tin Can Sailors The destroyers of the United States Navy played key roles Tin Can Sailors is the national association of destroyer throughout World War II, starting with pre-Pearl Harbor convoy veterans. Founded in 1976, we now have over 21 ,000 members. escort and patrol duty and continuing through the post-surren Our members receive a quarterly 40-page newsletter. der occupation of Japan. Time and time again destroyers proved Widely regarded as the finest of its type, the newsletter contains their worth as they carried out difficult and often dangerous as a mix of on naval history, individual ship histories, shipmate signments. As a result of going "in harm's way," many destroyers memories, reunion notices, and much more. were lost or damaged. Although the majority were of these ships Members of Tin Can Sailors may also attend the many were lost or damaged due to enemy action, some were involved events we sponsor each year. These include a national reunion in other situations - often equally deadly - such as storms, and more than a dozen one-day Bull Sessions covering many collisions, groundings, or friendly fire. regions of the country. Our Field Day program provides opportu Through this publication we honor those ships, the men nities to spend weekends living and working aboard a destroyer who were killed or wounded aboard them, and those men who that has become a museum/memorial ship. survived uninjured but who were also in places of great danger. The Tin Can Sailors' Grant Program provides financial Much was demanded of them and they came through. -
Revista General De Marina Marzo 2012
REVISTA GENERAL DE MARINA FUNDADA EN 1877 MARZO 2012 REVISTA CARTA DEL DIRECTOR 235 gENERAL DE TEMAS GENERALES MARINA PARTE DE ACCIÓN SOBRE LA INCURSIÓN DOOLITTLE DESDE EL USS HORNET 237 Javier Yuste González, licenciado en Derecho OPERACIÓN ATRINA: LA ARMADA SOVIÉTICA A LA OFENSIVA Luis V. Pérez Gil, doctor en Derecho 249 LA gRAN VICTORIA NAVAL ESPAñOLA DE 1582 FRENTE A LA ISLA DE SAN MIgUEL EN LAS AzORES 253 FUNDADA EN 1877 Ernesto Iglesias Almeida, cronista oficial de la ciudad de Tui AñO 2012 MÁS ALLÁ DE LA gUERRA IRREgULAR 265 MARzO Guillem Colom Piella, doctor en Seguridad Interna- cional TOMO 262 LA ARMADA Y LA ORDEN DE SAN FERNANDO: LOS MARINOS LAUREADOS 275 Alfonso de Ceballos-Escalera y Gila, marqués de La Floresta. Universidade técnica de Lisboa TEMAS PROFESIONALES EL FUTURO DE LAS COMUNICACIONES POR SATÉLITE EN LA ARMADA 287 Capitán de navío Manuel Abalo Cores ¿SEgUIMOS FORMANDO LÍDERES? 295 Capitán de fragata Enrique Núñez de Prado Aparicio ALgUNAS CONSIDERACIONES SOBRE EL MAN- TENIMIENTO EN LA ARMADA 305 Alférez de navío (ing.) Miguel Blanco Galdo DISQUISICIONES SOBRE EL CONTRATO MENOR 313 Teniente coronel de Intendencia Manuel A. Pérez García INFORMACIONES DIVERSAS LA «REVISTA» HACE CIEN AñOS... EFEMÉRIDES VIEJA FOTO MARINOgRAMA HISTORIA DE LOS NUDOS Y EL ARTE DE ANUDAR LEXICOgRAFÍA MISCELÁNEA CINE CON LA MAR DE FONDO LA MAR EN LA FILATELIA PAñOL DE PINTURAS Nuestra portada: Última sin- NOTICIARIO - CULTURA NAVAL gladura del Marqués de GACETILLA - LIBROS Y REVISTAS la Ensenada. gracias por los servicios pres- tados. (Foto: -
TAR Sjaparticle19/4
TAR SJAParticle19/5 The San Juan Avalanche Project - FOR THE AVALANCHE REVIEW 19/5 By Don Bachman [email protected] 406.587.3830 (Authors note: This article is edited and expanded from one first published January, 2001 in the Silverton Mountain Journal (issue 21/volume 1), and includes a separate examination of the Alternative Methods Project. I am indebted for review and suggestions by Richard Armstrong and Ed LaChapelle.) Prolog: In early May of 1971, I was detailed by the University of Colorado, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), to Silverton, Colorado in the western San Juan Mountains. I arrived with a State purchase order and instructions to locate a house of suitable size to establish an office and living quarters for a newly funded avalanche research project. Most information in small towns can be found in a bar or the Post Office. I wisely visited the Post Office first and asked the clerk about the rental market. As luck would have it, she and her husband had a substantial Main Street house on the market and would love to rent the State of Colorado for as long as we could use it. A task I expected would take a week, took ten minutes. That night I stopped at the Grand Imperial Hotel to listen in on a busy mountain community of 850 people supported by the employment of two large metal mines, the Sunnyside and Idarado. I wasn't long on the bar stool before two fellows got up from a table and sandwiched me, right and left with the admonition from the big one on the right of "…we don't allow no @#$%^&*~ hippies in here". -
Scenic Colorado – One Week
Denver Round-Trip Scenic Colorado – one week Driving Distance: 1100 driving miles Driving Time: 25 Hours Approx Recommended Trip: 7 Days Day 1: Leaving Denver, head towards Estes Park, the entrance to Rocky Mountain National Park. Drive along Trail Ridge Road/Beaver Meadow Road, a designated All-American Road and one of the few paved roads in North America that leads to a high, alpine glacier basin. This scenic byway the National Park from Estes Park to Grand Lake. Continue on towards Central City, where your host tonight will be the local KOA campground. As you cross the Continental Divide at 11,307-ft Berthoud Pass, there are great views into lower elevations. Take the evening to explore the historic Central City where Colorado’s first gold rush kicked off in 1859. Day 2: Today you’ll drive towards Grand Junction. This drive offers the full spectrum of the grandeur of Colorado’s Rocky Mountains. As you pass through the Glenwood Canyon be sure to stop at the Hanging Lake Falls and the Hot Springs Pool. Tonight you’ll be staying at the Grand Junction /Clifton KOA. Day 3: Drive to Cortez today. Don’t take the direct way, but rather the Grand Mesa Scenic and Historic Byway following Highway 65, one of only 14 officially designated National Scenic Byways. You’ll be going through Grand Mesa National Forest with its semiarid environment and little vegetation. The road climbs through pine forests allowing a great view from 11,000 feet above sea level. Later this route will take you along the edge of the Uncompahgre Plateau and the San Juan National Forest, always following San Juan Skyway, the second All-American Road on this tour. -
The Coleopteran Fauna of Sultan Creek-Molas Lake Area with Special Emphasis on Carabidae and How the Geological Bedrock Influenc
THE COLEOPTERAN FAUNA OF SULTAN CREEK-MOLAS LAKE AREA WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON CARABIDAE AND HOW THE GEOLOGICAL BEDROCK INFLUENCES BIODIVERSITY AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN THE SAN JUAN MOUNTAINS, SAN JUAN COUNTY, COLORADO Melanie L. Bergolc A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY August 2009 Committee: Daniel Pavuk, Advisor Kurt Panter Graduate Faculty Representative Jeff Holland Rex Lowe Moira van Staaden © 2009 Melanie L. Bergolc All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Daniel Pavuk, Advisor Few studies have been performed on coleopteran (beetle) biodiversity in mountain ecosystems and relating them to multiple environmental factors. None of the studies have examined geologic influences on beetle communities. Little coleopteran research has been performed in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. The main objectives of this study were to catalog the coleopteran fauna of a subalpine meadow in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado and investigate the role geology had in the community structure of the Carabidae (ground beetles). The study site, a 160,000 m2 plot, was located near Sultan Creek and Molas Lake in San Juan County, Colorado. Five sites were in each bedrock formation: Molas, Elbert, and Ouray-Leadville. Insects were collected via pitfall trapping in 2006 and 2007, and identified by comparison with museum specimens, museum and insect identification websites, and by taxonomic experts. Biological and physical factors were recorded for each site: detritus cover and weight, plant cover and height, plant species richness, aspect, elevation, slope, soil temperature, pH, moisture, and compressive strength, and sediment size distribution. -
Naval Accidents 1945-1988, Neptune Papers No. 3
-- Neptune Papers -- Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945 - 1988 by William M. Arkin and Joshua Handler Greenpeace/Institute for Policy Studies Washington, D.C. June 1989 Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945-1988 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Nuclear Weapons Accidents......................................................................................................... 3 Nuclear Reactor Accidents ........................................................................................................... 7 Submarine Accidents .................................................................................................................... 9 Dangers of Routine Naval Operations....................................................................................... 12 Chronology of Naval Accidents: 1945 - 1988........................................................................... 16 Appendix A: Sources and Acknowledgements........................................................................ 73 Appendix B: U.S. Ship Type Abbreviations ............................................................................ 76 Table 1: Number of Ships by Type Involved in Accidents, 1945 - 1988................................ 78 Table 2: Naval Accidents by Type -
October 2004
October November December 2004 "Rest well, yet sleep lightly and hear the call, if again sounded, to provide firepower for freedom…” THE JERSEYMAN The Battle of Leyte Gulf... Sixty years ago, naval forces of the United States and Australia dealt a deadly and final blow to the Japanese Navy at Leyte Gulf. Over a four day period ranging from 23 - 26 October 1944, and in four separate engagements, the Japanese Navy lost 26 ships and the US Navy lost 6. With this issue of The Jerseyman, we present another look back at the Battle of Leyte Gulf, record some new stories, and present a few 60 year old, but “new” photos sent in by the men that were there. Our sincere thanks to all WW2 veterans, and Battle of Leyte Gulf veterans for their contributions to this issue. History also records that the Battle of Leyte Gulf was the one time in the Pacific war that Admiral William F. “Bull” Halsey, flying his flag aboard battleship USS NEW JERSEY, had a chance to take on the giant Japanese battleships IJN Musashi, and IJN Yamato. But in a controversial decision that is studied and discussed to this day, Admiral Halsey took the bait of a Japanese carrier decoy fleet, split his forces, and headed USS NEW JERSEY and the Third Fleet North. Admiral Halsey lost his chance. The greatest sea-battle victory in history fell instead to the older ships of the United States Seventh Fleet. We can only speculate on what it would have meant if Halsey’s Third Fleet had been there with the old Seventh Fleet battleships of WEST VIRGINIA, CALIFORNIA, TENNESSEE, MARYLAND, PENNSYLVANIA, and- MISSISSIPPI, and had added the firepower from fast battleships NEW JERSEY, IOWA, MASSACHUSETTS, SOUTH DAKOTA, WASHINGTON and ALABAMA… The flag shown is on display in the museum area of the ship.