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Home , Archaeological theory, History of archaeology, Near Eastern archaeology

Classical and Near Eastern (Bryn Mawr) 1

also take courses at the University of Pennsylvania in CLASSICAL AND NEAR consultation with the major advisor. EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY The writing requirement for the major consists of two one-semester Writing Attentive courses offered (BRYN MAWR) within the department.

Department Website: Each student’s course of study to meet major https://www.brynmawr.edu/archaeology requirements will be determined in consultation with the undergraduate major advisor in the spring The Department of Classical and Near Eastern semester of the sophomore year, at which time a Archaeology trains undergraduates and graduate written plan will be designed. Students considering students in the archaeology of the Mediterranean majoring in the department are encouraged and Middle Eastern worlds. The program is to take the introductory courses (ARCH B101 interdisciplinary and encourages students to take or ARCH B104 and ARCH B102) early in their advantage of related offerings in Departments of undergraduate career and should also seek advice , Classics, , , History of from departmental faculty. Students who are Art, and the Program in the Growth and Structure of interested in interdisciplinary concentrations or in Cities. study abroad during the junior year are strongly advised to seek assistance in planning their major In collaboration with the Departments of Geology, early in their sophomore year. Biology and Anthropology, a concentration in is offered together with coursework Requirements for Honors and laboratory training in Geographic Information Systems. The Ella Riegel Memorial Collection of over Honors are granted on the basis of academic 6,000 artifacts is used in instruction. Students are performance as demonstrated by a cumulative encouraged to study material for research and to average of 3.5 or better in the major. volunteer with the College Collections staff, who manage the collection. Minor Requirements The minor requires six courses. Core requirements Curriculum are two 100-level courses distributed between the The curriculum of the department focuses on the ancient and and ancient Greece and of the Mediterranean regions and the Near Rome, in addition to four other courses selected in East in antiquity. Courses treat aspects of society consultation with the major advisor. and material of these civilizations as well as issues of theory, method, and interpretation. Concentration Requirements Concentration in Geoarcheology Major Requirements The geoarchaeology concentration allows students The major requires a minimum of 10 courses. majoring in Anthropology, Archaeology, or Geology Core requirements are two 100-level courses to explore the connections among these fields with distributed between the and respect to how our ancestors interacted Egypt (either ARCH B101 or ARCH B104) and with past environments, and how traces of ancient Greece and Rome (ARCH B102), and two human behavior are preserved in the physical semesters of the senior conference (ARCH B398 and environment. In Geology, the geoarchaeology ARCH B399). At least two upper-level courses should concentration consists of 13 courses: GEOL B101, be distributed between Classical and Near Eastern GEOL B202, GEOL B203, GEOL B204, GEOL B205, subjects. Additional requirements are determined GEOL B208, GEOL B270, and GEOL B399; two in consultation with the major advisor. Additional semesters of chemistry; two semesters of math, coursework in allied subjects may be presented statistics, or computational methods; either for major credit but must be approved in writing ARCH B101 or ANTH B101; and one 200- or 300- by the major advisor; such courses are offered in level elective from among current offerings the Departments of Anthropology, Geology, Greek, in Anthropology or Classical and Near Eastern Latin and Classical Studies, Growth and Structure Archaeology. Paperwork for the concentration should of Cities, and . In consultation with the be filed at the same time as the major work plan. major advisor, one course taken in study abroad For course planning advice, consult with Don Barber may be accepted for credit in the major after review (Geology), Casey Barrier (Anthropology) or Peter of the syllabus, work submitted for a grade, and a Magee (Archaeology). transcript. Credit will not be given for a course that is ordinarily offered by the department. Students can 2 Classical and (Bryn Mawr)

Independent Research positions on field projects in North America and overseas. The department is undertaking several Majors who wish to undertake independent research, field projects in which undergraduates may be especially for researching and writing a lengthy invited to participate. paper, must arrange with a professor who is willing to advise them, and consult with the major advisor. Professor Peter Magee conducts a for-credit field Such research normally would be conducted by school at Muweilah, al-Hamriya and Tell Abraq in the seniors as a unit of supervised work (403), which . Undergraduate and graduate must be approved by the advising professor before students participate in this project, which usually registration. Students planning to do such research takes place during the winter break. He sends an should consult with professors in the department in announcement about how to apply for a position the spring semester of their junior year or no later in the fall of each year. Students who participate than the beginning of the fall semester of the senior for credit sign up for a 403 independent study with year. Professor Magee. Annual Field Trip Professor Astrid Lindenlauf is also beginning a new excavation project at the ancient Greek trading post Since 2015/16 the department has organized an of Naukratis in Egypt, and the opportunities for work annual field trip for registered majors in good there will expand as the project gets under way. standing in their Junior Year. This voluntary trip involves a city (e.g., or Rome) which features Additional Major Experiences: Fieldwork in our teaching program, or a city which contains relevant (e.g., London, Paris, Berlin). and Internships The airfare and lodging expenses are covered by The department strongly encourages students to the Department. Details for the upcoming trip will gain fieldwork experience over the summer and be made available at the beginning of the Fall assists them in getting positions on field projects Semester. Owing to the ongoing health crisis the in North America and overseas. The department is Spring trip 2021 may have to be cancelled. undertaking several field projects in Egypt, , and the United Arab Emirates. Further field projects Languages in Greece or the Near East are foreseen for the Majors who contemplate graduate study in Classical future. There will be opportunities for advanced fields should incorporate Greek and Latin into their undergraduates to participate in these projects. programs. Those who plan graduate work in Near Museum internships, either during the summer Eastern or Egyptian may take appropriate ancient or during the term, also constitute valid major languages at the University of Pennsylvania, such experiences beyond the classroom. The department as Middle Egyptian, Akkadian and Sumerian. Any is awarded annually one fully paid summer student considering graduate study in Classical and internship by the Nicholas P. Goulandris Foundation Near Eastern archaeology should study French and for students to work for six weeks in the Museum of German. Cycladic Art in Athens, Greece. An announcement Study Abroad inviting applications is normally sent by the department Chair in the spring. A semester of study abroad is encouraged if the program is approved by the department. Students Opportunities to work with the College’s archaeology are encouraged to consult with faculty, since some collections are available throughout the academic programs the department may approve may not year and during the summer. Students wishing to yet be listed at the Office of International Programs. work with the collections should consult Marianne Students who seek major credit for courses taken Weldon, Collections Manager for Art and Artifacts. abroad must consult with the major advisor before enrolling in a program. Major credit is given on a Funding for Summer Learning case-by-case basis after review of the syllabus, Opportunities work submitted for a grade, and a transcript. Credit will not be given for more than one course and The department has two funds that support students not for courses that are ordinarily offered by the for summer internships, summer fieldwork projects, department. and archaeological summer projects of their own design. One, the Elisabeth Packard Fund Fieldwork for internships in Art History and Archaeology is shared with the Department of the History of Art, The department strongly encourages students to while the other is the Anna Lerah Keys Memorial gain fieldwork experience and assists them in getting Prize. Any declared major may apply for these Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology (Bryn Mawr) 3 funds. An announcement calling for applications This course examines the archaeology of the two is normally sent to majors in the spring, and the most fundamental changes that have occurred in awards are made public at the annual college awards human society in the last 12,000 years, agriculture ceremony in April. To help cover expenses related and urbanism, and we explore these in Egypt and to archaeological learning opportunities, which can the Near East as far as India. We also explore those be expensive, the department encourages majors to societies that did not experience these changes. consider applying for funding offered by Bryn Mawr (Typically offered: Occasionally) College and external funding sources. ARCH B110 THE WORLD THROUGH CLASSICAL Faculty at Bryn Mawr EYES (1.0 Credit) Catherine Baker Alice Donohue Mellon Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Humanities Division: Humanities A of the ways in which the ancient Greeks Maggie Beeler and Romans perceived and constructed their Visiting Assistant Professor physical and social world. The evidence of ancient texts and monuments will form the basis for Jennie Bradbury exploring such subjects as cosmology, geography, Assistant Professor of Classical and Near Eastern travel and commerce, ancient ethnography and Archaeology anthropology, the idea of natural and artificial Alice Donohue wonders, and the self-definition of the classical Rhys Carpenter Professor of Classical and Near cultures in the context of the oikoumene, the Eastern Archaeology “inhabited world.” (Typically offered: Occasionally) Astrid Lindenlauf Associate Professor and Chair of Classical and Near ARCH B135 FOCUS: ARCHAEOLOGICAL Eastern Archaeology FIELDWORK AND METHODS (0.5 Credit) Astrid Lindenlauf Evrydiki Tasopoulou Division: Humanities Visiting Assistant Professor in Classical and Near Domain(s): A: Meaning, Interpretation (Texts) Eastern Archaeology The fundamentals of the practice of archaeology through readings and case studies and participatory Courses demonstrations. Case studies will be drawn from the archives of the Nemea Valley Archaeological Project ARCH B101 INTRODUCTION TO EGYPTIAN AND and material in the College's collections. Each week NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY (1.0 Credit) there will be a 1-hour laboratory that will introduce Division: Humanities students to a variety of fieldwork methods and forms Domain(s): A: Meaning, Interpretation (Texts) of analysis. This is a half semester Focus course. A historical survey of the archaeology and art of the (Offered: Fall 2021; typically offered: ancient Near East and Egypt. Occasionally) (Offered: Spring 2022; typically offered: Every other Fall) ARCH B203 ANCIENT GREEK CITIES AND SANCTUARIES (1.0 Credit) ARCH B102 INTRODUCTION TO CLASSICAL Evrydiki Tasopoulou ARCHAEOLOGY (1.0 Credit) Division: Humanities Astrid Lindenlauf A study of the development of the Greek city-states Division: Humanities and sanctuaries. Archaeological evidence is surveyed Domain(s): A: Meaning, Interpretation (Texts) in its historic context. The political formation of the A historical survey of the archaeology and art of city-state and the role of religion is presented, and Greece, Etruria, and Rome. the political, economic, and religious institutions of (Offered: Fall 2021; typically offered: Every the city-states are explored in their urban settings. Spring) The city-state is considered as a particular political economy of the Mediterranean and in comparison ARCH B104 ARCHAEOLOGY OF AGRICULTURAL to the utility of the concept of city-state in other AND URBAN (1.0 Credit) cultures. Jennie Bradbury, Staff (Typically offered: Occasionally) Division: Humanities Domain(s): A: Meaning, Interpretation (Texts) 4 Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology (Bryn Mawr)

ARCH B204 ANIMALS IN THE ANCIENT GREEK legacy in antiquity and through modern times. It WORLD (1.0 Credit) uses historical, archaeological and art-historical Evrydiki Tasopoulou evidence to reconstruct a comprehensive picture of This course focuses on perceptions of animals Alexander’s cultural background and examines the in ancient Greece from the Geometric to the real and imaginary features of his life and afterlife Classical periods. It examines representations as they developed in the Hellenistic and Roman of animals in painting, sculpture, and the minor worlds, Late Antiquity, the , , arts, the treatment of animals as attested in the and succeeding periods in both and Asia. , and how these types of Special attention is also placed on the appeal that evidence relate to the featuring of animals in Alexander’s life and achievements have generated contemporary poetry, tragedy, comedy, and medical and continue to retain in modern popular visual and philosophical writings. By analyzing this rich culture as evidenced from documentary films and body of evidence, the course develops a context in motion pictures. which participants gain insight into the ways ancient (Typically offered: Occasionally) Greeks perceived, represented, and treated animals. Juxtaposing the importance of animals in modern ARCH B224 WOMEN IN THE ANCIENT NEAR society, as attested, for example, by their roles as EAST (1.0 Credit) pets, agents of healing, diplomatic gifts, and even Evrydiki Tasopoulou as subjects of specialized studies such as animal law Division: Humanities and animal geographies, the course also serves to A survey of the social position of women in the expand awareness of attitudes towards animals in ancient Near East, from sedentary villages to our own society as well as that of ancient Greece. empires of the first millennium B.C.E. Topics (Offered: Fall 2021; typically offered: include critiques of traditional concepts of gender in Occasionally) archaeology and theories of matriarchy. Case studies illustrate the historicity of gender concepts: women’s ARCH B208 ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN work in early village societies; the meanings of HISTORY (1.0 Credit) female figurines; the representation of Jennie Bradbury gender in the Gilgamesh epic; the institution of the This course will explore some of the key historical “Tawananna” (queen) in the Hittite empire; the figures, events and inventions that shaped Ancient indirect power of women such as Semiramis in the Near Eastern societies and traditions. We will Neo-Assyrian palaces. Reliefs, statues, texts and consider the impact that the modern disciplines of more indirect archaeological evidence are the basis ancient near eastern archaeology and history have for discussion. had on our understanding of this region. We will also (Typically offered: Occasionally) discuss how the ancient history and more recent colonial past of this region has impacted upon and ARCH B226 ARCHAEOLOGY OF (1.0 shaped our modern interpretations of this region. Credit) (Typically offered: Occasionally) Evrydiki Tasopoulou Division: Humanities ARCH B215 CLASSICAL ART (1.0 Credit) One of the cradles of civilization, Anatolia witnessed Alice Donohue the rise and fall of many cultures and states Division: Humanities throughout its ancient history. This course A survey of the visual arts of ancient Greece approaches the ancient material remains of pre- and Rome from the through Late classical Anatolia from the perspective of Near Imperial times (circa 3000 B.C.E. to 300 C.E.). Major Eastern archaeology, examining the art, artifacts, categories of artistic production are examined in , cities, and settlements of this land historical and social context, including interactions from the Neolithic through the Lydian periods. Some with neighboring areas and cultures; methodological emphasis will be on the Late Bronze Age and the and interpretive issues are highlighted. Iron Age, especially phases of Hittite and Assyrian (Typically offered: Occasionally) imperialism, Late Hittite states, Phrygia, and the Urartu. ARCH B222 ALEXANDER THE GREAT (1.0 (Typically offered: Occasionally) Credit) Evrydiki Tasopoulou ARCH B227 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF (1.0 Division: Humanities Credit) This course examines the life, personality, career, Staff and military achievements of Alexander the Great, Home to a wealth of archaeological sites and as well as the extraordinary reception of his cultures, Syria is perhaps now more widely known Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology (Bryn Mawr) 5 for its almost decade long conflict that has seen the and the western world from the Renaissance to displacement of millions of people and the damage modern times. The first part of the course explores to and destruction of hundreds of archaeological extant literary evidence regarding the upbringing, sites. The loss of cultural heritage is just one, education, and rule of Cleopatra within the contexts very small, part of the human tragedies that have of Egyptian and Ptolemaic cultures, her relationships unfolded in Syria. Knowledge of the deep and with Julius Caesar and Marc Antony, her conflict with recent past of this region, however, is integral for Octavian, and her death by suicide in 30 BCE. The understanding its present, and its future. This course second part examines constructions of Cleopatra will explore human settlement and interaction in Roman literature, her iconography in surviving within Syria over the longue durée. Using a selection art, and her contributions to and influence on both of key sites, inhabited for thousands of years, Ptolemaic and Roman art. A detailed account is also we will explore several major themes including, provided of the afterlife of Cleopatra in the literature, the archaeology of inequality, the role of urban visual arts, scholarship, and film of both Europe and life and the importance of ritual and religion. The the United States, extending from the papal courts course will also consider the complex relationships of Renaissance Italy and Shakespearean drama, to that have always existed between Syria and its ’s art collection at Monticello and neighboring countries. Finally, we will turn to the role Joseph Mankiewicz’s 1963 epic film, Cleopatra. of archaeology, its future and potential within a post- (Offered: Fall 2021; typically offered: conflict Syria. Occasionally) (Offered: Fall 2021; typically offered: Occasionally) ARCH B263 ROMAN ARCHAEOLOGY: LIFE IN THE CITY (1.0 Credit) ARCH B244 GREAT EMPIRES OF THE ANCIENT Evrydiki Tasopoulou NEAR EAST (1.0 Credit) Division: Humanities Staff Domain(s): A: Meaning, Interpretation (Texts) Division: Humanities This course explores the art and architecture of A survey of the history, , political from the Republic through the Empire. and religious ideologies of, and interactions among, By focusing on specific topics, such as residences, the five great empires of the ancient Near East of markets, religious life, death and entertainment, the second and first millennia B.C.E.: New Kingdom and by surveying a rich variety of available evidence Egypt, the Hittite Empire in Anatolia, the Assyrian that spans from architectural remains, inscriptions and Babylonian Empires in , and the and monuments to paintings, architectural sculpture Persian Empire in . and mosaics, the course highlights the importance (Offered: Fall 2021; typically offered: of art historical and archaeological inquiry for our Occasionally) understanding of urban life and experience in one of the greatest cities of the ancient world. ARCH B252 (1.0 Credit) (Typically offered: Occasionally) Evrydiki Tasopoulou Division: Humanities ARCH B303 CLASSICAL BODIES (1.0 Credit) Introduces students to a nearly intact archaeological Alice Donohue site whose destruction by the eruption of Mt. Division: Humanities Vesuvius in 79 C.E. was recorded by contemporaries. Domain(s): A: Meaning, Interpretation (Texts) The discovery of Pompeii in the mid-1700s had an An examination of the conceptions of the human enormous impact on 18th- and 19th-century views body evidenced in Greek and Roman art and of the Roman past as well as styles and preferences literature, with emphasis on issues that have of the modern era. Informs students in classical persisted in the Western tradition. Topics include the antiquity, urban life, city structure, residential fashioning of concepts of male and female standards architecture, home decoration and furnishing, of beauty and their implications; conventions of wall painting, minor arts and craft and mercantile visual representation; the nude; clothing and its activities within a Roman city. symbolism; the athletic ideal; physiognomy; medical (Offered: Spring 2022; typically offered: theory and practice; the visible expression of Occasionally) character and emotions; and the formulation of the “classical ideal” in antiquity and later times. ARCH B254 CLEOPATRA (1.0 Credit) (Typically offered: Every other Spring) Evrydiki Tasopoulou This course examines the life and rule of Cleopatra ARCH B305 TOPICS IN ANCIENT ATHENS (1.0 VII, the last queen of Ptolemaic Egypt, and the Credit) reception of her legacy in the Early Astrid Lindenlauf 6 Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology (Bryn Mawr)

Division: Humanities level courses in either classical or near eastern Domain(s): A: Meaning, Interpretation (Texts) archaeology. This is a topics course. Course content varies. (Typically offered: Occasionally) (Typically offered: Occasionally) ARCH B330 AND ARCH B306 MONUMENTAL PAINTING (1.0 METHOD (1.0 Credit) Credit) Astrid Lindenlauf Evrydiki Tasopoulou Division: Humanities Division: Humanities A from the Renaissance to the The Mediterranean tradition of large-scale painting present with attention to the formation of theory and begins in prehistoric times and continues through method. Late Antiquity and beyond. Important examples (Offered: Spring 2022; typically offered: survive on the walls of houses, tombs and other Occasionally) structures at sites in the Bronze Age Aegean, in Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic Anatolia, ARCH B333 NOMADS AND ARCHAEOLOGY (1.0 Macedonia, Magna Graecia, and Etruria, Rome and Credit) the famous sites of Pompeii and Hercul- aneum Jennie Bradbury preserved by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. Division: Humanities Technical, artistic, cultural and interpretive issues This course will explore the historical importance of will be considered. mobile groups in regions such as the Ancient Near East and some of the archaeological traces they may ARCH B312 BRONZE AGE leave behind. Using ethnographic, anthropological INTERNATIONALISM (1.0 Credit) and archaeological literature we will discuss the Maggie Beeler different ways in which mobile populations have Division: Humanities been conceptualized, portrayed and treated by This course explores the rise and fall of the first non-mobile societies and the relationship between international age in the eastern mediterranean. these different groups. The course will also consider We will focus on the cultural and diplomatic how new technologies and archaeological methods connections between Egypt, Syria, Anatolia and the might enable us to fill in some of the gaps in our Aegean during the Bronze Age, c. 2000-1200BCE.. understanding and how we might be able to place Prerequisites: ARCH B101 or B104 or B216 or B226 mobile populations at the center, rather than at the or B230 or B240 or B244. periphery, of our archaeological narratives. (Offered: Fall 2021; typically offered: (Typically offered: Every Spring) Occasionally) ARCH B355 THE ACHAEMENID EMPIRE (1.0 ARCH B317 CULTURAL HERITAGE AND Credit) ENDANGERED ARCHAEOLOGY (1.0 Credit) Evrydiki Tasopoulou Jennie Bradbury Division: Humanities This course will examine how and why archaeological This course explores the art, history, and sites are ‘endangered’. Primarily focusing on the archaeology of the Achaemenid Empire. Between Near East and (the MENA region), we 550 and 330 B.C., the Achaemenid kings of Iran will examine the different types of archaeological controlled the largest and greatest empire the and heritage sites found across this broad region, world has seen up until that time. By studying and some of the threats and disturbances affecting the art, architecture, politics, religion, burial them. We will consider how different interest groups customs, administration, economy, and warfare and stakeholders view, value and present historical of Achaemenid Persia, the course offers a unique and archaeological sites to the general public, as insight into the wealth, splendor, and diversity of well as the success of modern initiatives and projects one of the most powerful empires of the ancient to safeguard the heritage of the MENA region. Near East. Because the Achaemenid Empire exerted Our research will consider the ethics of cultural great influence on the ancient Mediterranean world, preservation, as well as the issues and problems the contacts and conflict between ancient Greece encountered by heritage specialists working in areas and Persia will be also examined, from an ancient of modern conflict. Whilst not all damage can be Greek perspective, in order to understand how this prevented, the course will consider how different perspective contributed to the misapprehension of threats and disturbances might be mitigated. the Achaemenid Empire in modern Western thought. Prerequisite: Upper level 300-level course. Students (Typically offered: Occasionally) should have completed at least two 100 level/200 Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology (Bryn Mawr) 7

ARCH B398 SENIOR SEMINAR (1.0 Credit) Catherine Baker Division: Humanities A weekly seminar on topics to be determined with assigned readings and oral and written reports. (Offered: Fall 2021; typically offered: Every Fall)

ARCH B399 SENIOR SEMINAR (1.0 Credit) Staff Division: Humanities A weekly seminar on common topics with assigned readings and oral and written reports. (Offered: Spring 2022; typically offered: Every Spring)

ARCH B403 SUPERVISED WORK (1.0 Credit) Astrid Lindenlauf, Evrydiki Tasopoulou Division: Humanities Supervised Work (Offered: Fall 2021, Spring 2022; typically offered: Every Semester)

ARCH B425 PRAXIS III: INDEPENDENT STUDY (1.0 Credit) Jennie Bradbury