Chapter 2 18 Chapter 2 ■ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ

Chapter Two MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ Name: ______In the box write the letter of the choice that is the definition of the term or best answers the question. There is only one correct answer for each question.

1. The process by which food is burned to release energy:...... 7. Genes are composed of:...... A. Nuclear energy A. Chromosomes B. Anabolism B. Ribosomes C. Phagocytosis C. Hemoglobin D. Catabolism D. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) E. Protein synthesis E. Mitochondria 2. Part of the cell where formation of 8. Muscular wall separating the proteins occurs:...... abdominal and thoracic cavities:...... A. Genes A. Mediastinum B. Chromosomes B. Diaphragm C. Endoplasmic reticulum C. Pleura D. Cartilage D. Pericardium E. Cell membrane E. Peritoneum 3. Sum of the chemical processes 9. The space in the chest between the in a cell:...... lungs is the:...... A. Anabolism A. Peritoneum B. Metabolism B. Esophagus C. Protein synthesis C. Pleural cavity D. Catabolism D. Mediastinum E. A and C E. Retroperitoneal space 4. Picture of nuclear structures arranged 10. Adipose means pertaining to:...... in numerical order:...... A. Cartilage A. Biopsy B. Bone B. X-ray C. Fat C. Electroencephalogram D. Skin D. Sonogram E. Nervous tissue E. Karyotype 11. Throat:...... 5. Part of a cell where catabolism A. Trachea primarily occurs:...... B. Coccyx A. Cell membrane C. Larynx B. Nucleus D. Esophagus C. Mitochondria E. Pharynx D. Genes 12. Sarcoma:...... E. Endoplasmic reticulum A. Part of the backbone 6. Allows materials to pass into and B. Flesh tumor; benign out of the cell:...... C. Malignant tumor of flesh tissue A. Cytoplasm D. Mass of blood B. Cell membrane E. Skin tumor of epithelial cells C. Chromosomes D. Mitochondria E. Nucleus

13. Craniotomy:...... 20. The tailbone is the:...... A. Incision of the skull A. Sacrum B. Pertaining to the skull B. Cervix C. Pertaining to the brain C. Ilium D. Incision of the chest D. Coccyx E. Pertaining to the head E. Cranium 14. A histologist studies:...... 21. Supine means:...... A. Drugs A. Lying on the back B. X-rays B. Conducting toward a structure C. Tissues C. In front of the body D. The backbone D. Lying on the belly E. The spinal cord E. Pertaining to the side 15. An epithelial cell is a(an):...... 22. The upper lateral regions of the A. Skin cell abdomen, beneath the ribs, are the:...... B. Nerve cell A. Hypogastric regions C. Fat cell B. Inguinal regions D. Organ C. Lumbar regions E. Muscle cell D. Umbilical regions E. Hypochondriac regions 16. The pleural cavity is the:...... A. Space within the abdomen 23. The RUQ contains the:...... B. Space within the backbones A. Liver C. Space surrounding the hip B. Appendix D. Space between the membranes around C. Lung the lungs D. Spleen E. Space within the skull E. Heart 17. Viscera:...... 24. Pertaining to a plane that divides the A. Cells in the blood body into right and left portions:...... B. Internal organs A. Coronal C. Parts of cells B. Transverse D. Cavities of the body C. Frontal E. Tissues composed of cartilage D. Sagittal E. Distal 18. The pituitary gland is in which body cavity?...... 25. A disk is:...... A. Cranial A. Part of the hip bone B. Spinal B. A piece of cartilage between backbones C. Pelvic C. A piece of bony tissue connecting the D. Abdominal joints in the back E. Thoracic D. An abnormal structure in the back E. A pad of fatty tissue between backbones 19. Voice box:...... A. Bronchial tube B. Pharynx C. Esophagus D. Larynx E. Tongue

Chapter Two EXERCISE QUIZ Name: ______

A. Use medical terms to complete the following sentences:

1. Control center of the cell, containing chromosomes ______

2. The process of building up proteins in a cell is called______

3. The total of the chemical processes in a cell is known as ______

4. A scientist who studies tissues is called a(an) ______

5. Regions of DNA within a chromosome ______

B. Match the part of the body listed with its description below:

adipose tissue pharynx ureter cartilage pleura urethra larynx trachea

6. throat ______

7. collection of fat cells ______

8. windpipe ______

9. tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder ______

10. voice box ______

11. membrane surrounding the lungs ______

12. flexible connective tissue at joints ______

13. tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body ______

C. Name the five cavities of the body:

14. cavity surrounded by the skull ______

15. cavity in the chest surrounded by ribs ______

16. cavity surrounded by the hip bone ______

17. cavity surrounded by the backbones ______

18. cavity below the chest containing digestive organs ______

D. Name the five divisions of the back:

19. region of the neck ______22. region of the sacrum ______

20. region of the chest______23. region of the tailbone______

21. region of the waist______

E. Give opposites of the following terms:

24. deep______26. supine ______

25. proximal______27. dorsal ______

F. Select from the following to complete the sentences below:

distal lateral sagittal transverse inferior (caudal) proximal superior vertebra

28. The left lung lies ______to the heart.

29. The ______end of the humerus is at the shoulder.

30. The liver lies ______to the intestines.

31. A backbone is called a (an)______.

32. The ______end of the thigh bone (femur) joins with the kneecap.

33. The ______plane divides the body into upper and lower portions.

34. The ______plane divides the body into right and left portions.

35. The diaphragm lies ______to the organs in the thoracic cavity.

G. Give meanings for the following terms:

36. craniotomy ______39. umbilical______

37. epigastric ______40. posterior______

38. chondroma ______41. intervertebral ______

H. Complete each term from its meaning:

42. Space between the lungs: media ______

43. Endocrine gland at the base of the brain: ______ary gland

44. Sausage-shaped cellular structures in which catabolism takes place: mito ______

45. Pertaining to skin (surface) cells: epi ______

46. Tumor of flesh tissue (malignant): ______oma

47. Pertaining to internal organs: ______al

48. Picture of the chromosomes in the cell nucleus: ______type

I. Give meanings for the following abbreviations:

49. RUQ ______50. L5-S1______

Chapter Two DICTATION AND COMPREHENSION QUIZ Name: ______

A. Dictation of Terms

1. ______11. ______

2. ______12. ______

3. ______13. ______

4. ______14. ______

5. ______15. ______

6. ______16. ______

7. ______17. ______

8. ______18. ______

9. ______19. ______

10. ______20. ______

B. Comprehension of Terms: Match number of the above term with its meaning below.

______Incision of the skull ______Pertaining to the groin ______Malignant tumor of connective tissue ______Picture (photograph) of nuclear structures ______Pertaining to internal organs ______Study of tissues ______Secretory organ in the neck ______Flexible connective tissue at joints ______Divides the body horizontally ______Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body ______Cytoplasmic structures where catabolism takes place ______Throat ______Divides the body vertically into right and left parts ______Secretory organ at the base of the brain ______Voice box ______Pertaining to the navel ______Pertaining to the windpipe ______Pertaining to fat tissue ______Line external body surface and internal surface of organs ______Rod-shaped nuclear structures

Chapter Two SPELLING QUIZ Name: ______

A. Circle the term that is spelled correctly and write its meaning in the space provided (optional).

1. abdomin abdomen______

2. cartiledge cartilage ______

3. chromosome chromosone ______

4. diaphram diaphragm ______

5. saggital sagittal ______

6. larynx larnyx ______

7. cervecal cervical______

8. chrondroma chondroma______

9. nucleus neucleus______

10. traychea trachea ______

B. Circle the term that is spelled correctly. The meaning of the term is given.

11. internal organs...... viscera vicsera vissera

12. malignant tumor of flesh (connective tissue)...... sacroma sarcoma sarkoma

13. pertaining to the chest...... thoracic thorasic thoroacic

14. lying on the back...... surpine supin supine

15. pertaining to the abdomen...... abdominel abdominal abdomineal

16. picture (photograph) of the chromosomes in the nucleus...... karyotype karryotype kariotype

17. double-folded membrane surrounding the lungs...... pleura ploora plura

18. space between the lungs...... mediastinim mediastinam mediastinum

19. pertaining to skin (surface) cells...... epitheleal epithelial epithelal

20. endocrine gland at the base of the brain...... pitiutary pituitary pituitery

Chapter Two PRONUNCIATION QUIZ Name: ______

A. Underline the accented syllable in the following terms (for example: anemia, diagnosis, endocrine):

1. cephalic 4. thoracotomy 7. catabolism 10. viscera 2. posterior 5. hypochondriac 8. chondrosarcoma 3. proximal 6. cranial 9. pharynx

B. Match the term in Column I with its meaning in Column II: Column I Column II

1. karyotype ______A. A backbone

2. epithelium ______B. The voice box

3. cartilage ______C. Skin cells

4. anabolism ______D. Vertical plane dividing the body into a right and a left portion

5. diaphragm ______E. The throat

6. vertebra ______F. Classification of chromosomes

7. sagittal ______G. Lying on one’s back

8. supine ______H. Muscle dividing the thoracic and abdominal cavities

9. mitochondria ______I. Connective tissue at the joints

10. larynx ______J. Lying on one’s belly

K. Structures in a cell where food is burned to produce energy

L. Building-up process in a cell; proteins are synthesized for use in the body

C. Complete the following terms from their definitions:

1. ______gland Endocrine gland at the base of the brain

2. ______ology Study of tissues

3. ______al Pertaining to the navel

4. ______eal Pertaining to the tailbone

5. ______gland Endocrine gland in front of the trachea

6. media ______Central cavity in the chest

7. ______vertebral Pertaining to between the backbones

8. ______tomy Incision of the skull

9. ______somes Bodies in the nucleus of a cell; contain DNA

10. peri______Membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity

Chapter Two DIAGRAM QUIZ 1 Name: ______Label the diagram below using the terms listed below: BODY CAVITIES Abdominal Cranial Pelvic Spinal Pituitary 1 gland Thoracic DORSAL C A

2 VITIES

Diaphragm VITIES

5 VENTRAL CA

Chapter Two DIAGRAM QUIZ 2 Name: ______Label the diagram using the terms listed.

Cervical Coccygeal Lumbar Sacral Thoracic

C1 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 T1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 8 9 10 11 12

L1 Disk (disc) 2 3 3

Chapter Two DIAGRAM QUIZ 3 Name: ______Label the diagram using the terms listed. Anterior (ventral) Lateral Proximal Distal Medial Superficial Deep Posterior (dorsal) Superior Inferior Prone Supine 8

5 10 9

12 7

Chapter Two Review Sheet Quiz Name: ______

A. Give meanings for the following combining forms:

1. crani/o ______6. viscer/o ______

2. cervic/o ______7. sarc/o ______

3. sacr/o ______8. chondr/o ______

4. trache/o ______9. thorac/o ______

5. inguin/o ______10. hist/o ______

B. Give meanings for the following word parts:

1. inter- ______6. epi- ______

2. hypo- ______7. -ectomy ______

3. ana- ______8. kary/o ______

4. -ose ______9. -tomy ______

5. -eal ______

C. Name the 5 divisions of the spinal column:

1. C1-C7 ______4. S1-S5 ______

2. T1-T12 ______5. Tailbone region ______

3. L1-L5 ______

D. Name the plane of the body described below:

1. Horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts: ______

2. Vertical plane dividing the body into right and left parts:______

3. Vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior parts:______

E. Give the positional or directional term:

1. on the surface of the body ______

2. lying on the back ______

3. below another structure ______

4. pertaining to the side ______

5. pertaining to the middle ______

6. lying on the belly ______

7. above another structure ______

8. near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure ______

9. away from the surface of the body ______

10. far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure ______

F. Give the name of the structure or space described below:

1. double-folded membrane surrounding abdominal viscera ______

2. a backbone ______

3. membrane surrounding the lungs ______

4. pad of cartilage between each backbone ______

5. space between the lungs containing the heart, trachea, aorta ______

Chapter Two MEDICAL SCRAMBLE Name:______Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the letters in the squares to complete the bonus term.

1. Clue: Endocrine gland in the neck

______R Y D I H O T

2. Clue: Control center of a cell

______L U S N E C U

3. Clue: Internal organs

______A C S R V E I

4. Clue: Windpipe

______A H C R A T E

5. Clue: Tube connecting the kidneys and urinary bladder

______T R U E R E

6. Clue: The double-layered membrane surrounding the lung

______A U P E L R

BONUS TERM: Clue: The gland at the base of the brain that secretes growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and hormones that affect the ovaries and testes.

Chapter Two CROSSWORD PUZZLE Name: ______Fill in the crossword puzzle below using the clues listed underneath it.

1 23

4 5

7 8 9 10

11 12

13 14

Across Clues Down Clues 4. Voice box. 1. Upper right and left regions beneath the ribs. 5. Collection of fat cells. 2. Backbones. 6. Control center of a cell. 3. Lower right and left regions near the groin. 9. Structures in cytoplasm where food is burned to 7. Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities. release energy. 8. Regions of DNA within each chromosome. 13. A double-layered membrane surrounding each lung. 10. All the material that is outside the nucleus yet within 15. Throat. the cell membrane. 16. Loin (waist) region. 11. Body cavity of the stomach, small and large intestines, 18. Area between the lungs. spleen, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. 19. Vertical plane dividing body into right and left sides. 12. Bones and joints; musculo_____system. 14. Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. 17. Internal organs.

Chapter Two ANSWERS TO THE QUIZZES

Multiple Choice Quiz 1. D 4. E 7. D 10. C 13. A 16. D 19. D 22. E 25. B 2. C 5. C 8. B 11. E 14. C 17. B 20. D 23. A 3. B 6. B 9. D 12. C 15. A 18. A 21. A 24. D

Exercise Quiz G B 36. incision of the skull 5 Incision of the skull A 37. pertaining to above the stomach 8 Pertaining to the groin 1. nucleus 38. tumor of cartilage (benign) 3 Malignant tumor of connective 2. anabolism 39. pertaining to the navel (flesh) tissue 3. metabolism 40. pertaining to the back 9 Picture of nuclear structures 4. histologist 41. pertaining to between vertebrae 20 Pertaining to internal organs 5. genes 7 Study of tissues H B 15 Secretory organ in the neck 42. mediastinum 2 Flexible connective tissue at joints 6. pharynx 43. pituitary 17 Divides the body horizontally 7. adipose tissue 44. mitochondria 19 Tube from the urinary bladder 8. trachea 45. epithelial to the outside of the body 9. ureter 46. sarcoma 11 Cytoplasmic structures where 10. larynx 47. visceral catabolism takes place 11. pleura 48. karyotype 12 Throat 12. cartilage I 14 Divides the body vertically into 13. urethra right and left parts 49. right upper quadrant (of the C 13 Secretory organ at the base of abdomen) the brain 14. cranial 50. between the 5th lumbar and the 10 Voice box 15. thoracic 1st sacral vertebrae 18 Pertaining to the navel 16. pelvic 16 Pertaining to the windpipe 17. spinal 1 Pertaining to fat tissue 18. abdominal Dictation and Comprehension Quiz 6 Line external body surface and D internal surface of organs 19. cervical A 4 Rod-shaped nuclear structures 20. thoracic 1. adipose 21. lumbar 2. cartilage Spelling Quiz 22. sacral 3. chondrosarcoma 23. coccygeal 4. chromosomes A 5. craniotomy E 1. abdomen—area under the 6. epithelial cells chest containing the stomach, 24. superficial 7. histology intestines, liver, gallbladder 25. distal 8. inguinal 2. cartilage—flexible connective 26. prone 9. karyotype tissue between joints 27. ventral (anterior) 10. larynx 3. chromosome—contains genetic F 11. mitochondria material in nucleus of a cell 12. pharynx 4. diaphragm—muscular wall 28. lateral 13. pituitary gland separating the chest and abdomen 29. proximal 14. sagittal plane 5. sagittal—vertical plane dividing 30. superior 15. thyroid gland the body into right and left 31. vertebra 16. tracheal portions 32. distal 17. transverse plane 6. larynx—voice box 33. transverse 18. umbilical 7. cervical—pertaining to the neck 34. sagittal 19. urethra 8. chondroma—tumor of cartilage 35. inferior (caudal) 20. visceral (benign)

9. nucleus—control center of the cell 8. craniotomy B 10. trachea—windpipe 9. chromosomes 1. between 10. peritoneum B 2. below 3. up 11. viscera 4. pertaining to, full of 12. sarcoma Diagram Quiz 1 5. pertaining to 13. thoracic 1. Cranial 6. above 14. supine 2. Thoracic 7. removal, excision, resection 15. abdominal 3. Abdominal 8. picture, classification 16. karyotype 4. Pelvic 9. cut into, incision, section 17. pleura 5. Spinal 18. mediastinum C 19. epithelial 1. cervical 20. pituitary Diagram Quiz 2 2. thoracic 1. Anterior (ventral) 3. lumbar Pronunciation Quiz 2. Posterior (dorsal) 4. sacral 3. Deep 5. coccygeal A 4. Superficial D 1. cephalic 5. Proximal 2. posterior 6. Distal 1. transverse, axial 3. proximal 7. Inferior 2. sagittal, lateral 4. thoracotomy 8. Superior 3. frontal, coronal 5. hypochondriac 9. Medial E 10. Lateral 6. cranial 1. superficial 11. Supine 7. catabolism 2. supine 12. Prone 8. chondrosarcoma 3. inferior, caudalv 9. pharynx 4. lateral 10. viscera Diagram Quiz 3 5. medial B 6. prone 1. Cervical 7. superior, cephalic 1. F 2. Thoracic 8. proximal 2. C 3. Lumbar 9. deep 3. I 4. Sacral 10. distal 4. L 5. Coccygeal 5. H F 6. A 1. peritoneum 7. D Review Sheet Quiz 2. vertebra 8. G A 3. pleura 9. K 4. disk 1. skull 10. B 5. mediastinum 2. neck C 3. sacrum 1. pituitary 4. trachea, windpipe Medical Scramble 2. histology 5. groin 1. t h y r o i d 4. t r a c h e a 3. umbilical 6. internal organs 2. n u c l e u s 5. u r e t e r 4. coccygeal 7. flesh 3. v i s c e r a 6. p l e u r a 5. thyroid 8. cartilage BONUS TERM: p i t u i t a r y 6. mediastinum 9. chest 7. intervertebral 10. tissue

Crossword Puzzle

1 23 H V I 4 5 LARY NX ADIPOSE N

P R G

O T U 6 NUC LEUS E I

H B N 7 8 9 10 D G O MITO C HONDR I A

I E N Y A L 11 12 A N D A T E S 13 14 P LE UR A B O U K 15 H S I D P HAR YNX E

R A O L E L 16 A C LUM BA R T E 17 G V I S H T 18 M ED I ASTIN U M R A 19 S A SA GITTAL C L E R A

Chapter Two

Answers to Terminology Section (textbook pages 55–58)

Terminology Meaning abdominal Pertaining to the abdomen. adipose Pertaining to fat. anterior Pertaining to the front. cervical Pertaining to the neck. chondroma Tumor of cartilage. chondrosarcoma Flesh tumor (malignant) of cartilage (tissue). All sarcomas are malignant (cancerous) tumors. chromosomes “Color bodies”; contain genetic material and are located in the nucleus of cell. coccygeal Pertaining to the tailbone. craniotomy Incision of the skull. cytoplasm Contents (formation) of the cell (apart from the nucleus and cell membrane). distal Pertaining to far (from the beginning of a structure). dorsal Pertaining to the back. histology Study of tissues. iliac Pertaining to the ilium. inguinal Pertaining to the groin. karyotype Picture (classification) of the nucleus (and its chromosomes). lateral Pertaining to the side. lumbosacral Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions. medial Pertaining to the middle. nucleic Pertaining to the nucleus. pelvic Pertaining to the pelvis (bones in the region of the hip). posterior Pertaining to the back, behind. proximal Pertaining to near the beginning of a structure. sacral Pertaining to the sacrum (lower back). sarcoma Tumor (malignant) of flesh tissue . spinal Pertaining to the spine, backbone. epithelial cell Cell covering the surface of the skin and inner lining of body cavities and tubes. thoracic Pertaining to the chest. thoracotomy Incision of the chest. tracheal Pertaining to the windpipe. umbilical Pertaining to the navel. ventral Pertaining to the belly side of the body. vertebral Pertaining to vertebrae. visceral Pertaining to internal organs. anabolism Process of casting up (building up or synthesizing process in a cell). catabolism Process of casting down; breaking down material in the cell to release energy. epinephrine Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland; adrenaline. hypochondriac region Pertaining to under the rib cartilages (area of the abdomen). intervertebral Pertaining to between the vertebrae. intravenous Within a vein metabolism State of building up (anabolism) and breaking down (catabolism); processes in a cell.