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Copyright © 2015 Matthew David Haste All Rights Reserved. the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary Has Permission to Reprodu Copyright © 2015 Matthew David Haste All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. MARRIAGE IN THE LIFE AND THEOLOGY OF JOHN GILL, SAMUEL STENNETT, AND ANDREW FULLER A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Matthew David Haste May 2015 APPROVAL SHEET MARRIAGE IN THE LIFE AND THEOLOGY OF JOHN GILL, SAMUEL STENNETT, AND ANDREW FULLER Matthew David Haste Read and Approved by: ___________________________________________ Michael A. G. Haykin (Chair) ___________________________________________ Donald S. Whitney ___________________________________________ Nathan A. Finn Date_______________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE .......................................................................................................................... vi Chapter Page 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................1 Thesis ...................................................................................................................8 Status of the Question ..........................................................................................9 Methodology .....................................................................................................15 2. AUTHORITY AND AFFECTION: FAMILY MATTERS IN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND ............................................................17 Demographic Trends .........................................................................................23 Legal Issues .......................................................................................................25 Divorce and Separation .....................................................................................32 Gender Issues ....................................................................................................35 Sexuality ............................................................................................................39 Love and Companionship ..................................................................................42 Parent-Child Relations ......................................................................................45 Marriage and Clergy ..........................................................................................47 Marriage and Dissent .........................................................................................48 Conclusion .........................................................................................................50 3. THE PURITAN-REFORMED TRADITION ON MARRIAGE ........................53 Reformation Recoveries ....................................................................................53 The Puritans .......................................................................................................57 Celibacy ................................................................................................... 59 iii Chapter Page The Ends of Marriage .............................................................................. 61 Affection and Intimacy ............................................................................ 64 Moderation .............................................................................................. 66 Spirituality ............................................................................................... 69 Hierarchy at Home .................................................................................. 71 The Early Baptists .............................................................................................75 Thomas Grantham ................................................................................... 76 Benjamin Keach ...................................................................................... 81 Second London Confession ..................................................................... 83 David Crosley .......................................................................................... 86 Conclusion .........................................................................................................88 4. MARRIAGE IN THE LIFE AND THEOLOGY OF JOHN GILL ....................90 The Life of John Gill .........................................................................................91 The Nature of Marriage .....................................................................................98 Union of Male and Female ...................................................................... 99 One Man and One Woman .................................................................... 101 Lawful Wedlock .................................................................................... 104 Agreeable to the Original Creation ....................................................... 108 Christ and the Church ............................................................................ 113 The Relationship of Husband and Wife ..........................................................116 The Duties of Husbands ........................................................................ 116 The Duties of Wives .............................................................................. 119 Conclusion .......................................................................................................122 5. MARRIAGE IN THE LIFE AND THEOLOGY OF SAMUEL STENNETT ................................................................................123 iv Chapter Page The Life of Samuel Stennett ............................................................................124 Discourses on Domestic Duties .......................................................................133 The Importance of Family Religion ...................................................... 135 The Meaning of Marriage ...................................................................... 138 The Duties of Husbands and Wives ...................................................... 143 The Duties of Parents and Children ...................................................... 147 The Family as a Preview of Heaven ...................................................... 148 Conclusion .......................................................................................................150 6. MARRIAGE IN THE LIFE AND THEOLOGY OF ANDREW FULLER ....................................................................................152 The Life of Andrew Fuller ..............................................................................153 Marriage to Sarah Gardiner ................................................................... 157 Marriage to Anne Coles ........................................................................ 162 A Devoted Father .................................................................................. 164 Marriage in the Theology of Andrew Fuller ...................................................170 God’s Plan for Marriage ........................................................................ 172 God’s Purposes for Marriage ................................................................ 178 Conclusion .......................................................................................................185 7. CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................186 Toward a Theology of Marriage .....................................................................186 Theology in Practice ........................................................................................188 Speaking to Eighteenth-century England ........................................................189 Continuing the Puritan Tradition .....................................................................191 Concluding Reflections ...................................................................................193 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................197 v PREFACE It is an honor to have had the opportunity to work on this project. I am grateful for those who supported me along the way, especially my wife, without whom I would have never begun the journey. The Lord has strengthened our family faithfully through these years, and I have no doubt that we will look back on this time with sweet reflection. It has been a privilege to work with Dr. Haykin, Dr. Whitney, and the rest of the fine faculty at Southern Seminary. They are men of great knowledge, but more significantly, genuine piety. I am thankful for their encouragement and example. I pray that this dissertation contributes to the budding field of Biblical Spirituality and challenges any reader who comes across it to be a better spouse and parent. It certainly has accomplished that end in its author. Matthew D. Haste Louisville, Kentucky May 2015 vi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION My reasons for marrying are, first, that I think it a right thing for every clergyman in easy circumstances (like myself) to set the example of matrimony in his parish. Secondly, that I am convinced it will add very greatly to my happiness; and thirdly—which perhaps I ought to have mentioned earlier, that it is the particular advice and recommendation
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