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ARRECIFES DE LOS TUXTLAS Veracruz 5 De Junio De 2018

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ARRECIFES DE LOS TUXTLAS Veracruz 5 De Junio De 2018 ESTUDIO PREVIO JUSTIFICATIVO PARA EL ESTABLECIMIENTO DEL ÁREA NATURAL PROTEGIDA ÁREA DE PROTECCIÓN DE FLORA Y FAUNA ARRECIFES DE LOS TUXTLAS Veracruz 5 de junio de 2018 Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Arrecifes de Los Tuxtlas Cítese: D I R E C T O R I O Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, 2018. Estudio Previo Ing. Rafael Pacchiano Alamán Justificativo para la declaratoria del Secretario de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Arrecifes de Los Tuxtlas. Comisión Lic. Alejandro Del Mazo Maza Nacional de Áreas Naturales Comisionado Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas Protegidas, Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales. Biol. César Sánchez Ibarra México. 180 páginas incluyendo Director General de Conservación para el Desarrollo anexos. Biol. José Carlos Pizaña Soto Foto de portada: Archivo CONANP Director de la Región Planicie Costera y Golfo de México Mvz. Enrique Haro Bélchez Director de la Reserva de la Biosfera “Los Tuxtlas” INTEGRÓ __________________________ Biol. Lilián I. Torija Lazcano Directora de Representatividad y Creación de Nuevas Áreas Naturales Protegidas SUPERVISÓ _________________________ Biol. César Sánchez Ibarra Director General de Conservación para el Desarrollo Con fundamento en los artículos 19 fracción III, 43 último párrafo y 75 del Reglamento Interior de la SEMARNAT, publicado en Diario Oficial de la Federación el 26 de noviembre de 2012. ___________________________________________________________________________ Estudio Previo Justificativo para la declaratoria de nueva área natural protegida 2 Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Arrecifes de Los Tuxtlas CONTENIDO INTRODUCCIÓN ......................................................................................................................... 7 I. INFORMACIÓN GENERAL ....................................................................................................... 10 a) Nombre del área propuesta ...................................................................................................... 10 b) Entidad federativa y municipios en donde se localiza el área .................................................. 10 c) Superficie ................................................................................................................................... 10 d) Vías de acceso............................................................................................................................ 13 e) Mapa que contenga la descripción limítrofe. ............................................................................ 14 f) Nombre de las organizaciones, instituciones, organismos gubernamentales o asociaciones civiles participantes en la elaboración del estudio ........................................................................ 17 II. EVALUACIÓN AMBIENTAL .................................................................................................... 18 a) Descripción de los ecosistemas, especies o fenómenos que se pretende proteger ................. 18 b) Razones que justifican el régimen de protección ..................................................................... 51 c) Estado de conservación de los ecosistemas, especies o fenómenos naturales ........................ 58 d) Relevancia, a nivel regional y nacional, de los ecosistemas representados en el área propuesta ....................................................................................................................................... 59 d.1) Contribución del área ante los efectos del cambio climático ............................................ 60 e) Antecedentes de protección del área ....................................................................................... 61 f) Ubicación respecto a las regiones prioritarias para la conservación de la biodiversidad determinadas por la Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO). .................................................................................................................................... 64 III. DIAGNÓSTICO ..................................................................................................................... 73 a) Características Históricas y Culturales ....................................................................................... 73 b) Aspectos socioeconómicos relevantes desde el punto de vista ambiental. ............................. 75 c) Usos y aprovechamientos, actuales y potenciales de los recursos naturales. .......................... 80 d) Situación jurídica de la tenencia de la tierra ............................................................................. 94 e) Proyectos de investigación que se hayan realizado o que se pretendan realizar ..................... 96 f) Problemática específica que deba tomarse en cuenta .............................................................. 99 g) Centros de población existentes al momento de elaborar el estudio .................................... 103 IV. PROPUESTA DE MANEJO DEL ÁREA ................................................................................... 107 a) Zonificación y su subzonificación............................................................................................. 107 b) Tipo o categoría de manejo ..................................................................................................... 111 c) Administración ......................................................................................................................... 111 d) Operación ................................................................................................................................ 112 e) Financiamiento ........................................................................................................................ 112 V. BIBLIOGRAFÍA .................................................................................................................... 114 VI. ANEXOS ............................................................................................................................ 123 ___________________________________________________________________________ Estudio Previo Justificativo para la declaratoria de nueva área natural protegida 3 Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Arrecifes de Los Tuxtlas INDICE DE TABLAS Tabla 1. Superficies del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Arrecifes de Los Tuxtlas. ..... 10 Tabla 2. Coordenadas geográficas de las estructuras arrecifales y pedregales volcánicos sumergidos dentro del ANP propuesta. ................................................. 19 Tabla 3. Objetos de conservación Laguna del Ostión, Isla El Terrón y manglares en el ANP propuesta ....................................................................................................... 19 Tabla 4. Riqueza de especies de Algas en la propuesta de Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Arrecifes de Los Tuxtlas. .......................................................................... 31 Tabla 5. Riqueza de fauna por grupo funcional en la propuesta de APFF Arrecifes de Los Tuxtlas. ............................................................................................................ 36 Tabla 6. Fauna identificada en la Laguna del Ostión; Municipio de Pajapan, Veracruz. ....... 36 Tabla 7. Especies registradas en la propuesta de ANP consideradas bajo alguna categoría de protección de acuerdo con la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059- SEMARNAT-2010, Protección ambiental-Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo (DOF, 2010). ............................... 56 Tabla 8. Campamentos tortugueros registrados ................................................................... 59 Tabla 9. Localidades y población indígena en la zona costera del APFF Arrecifes de Los Tuxtlas. .................................................................................................................. 73 Tabla 10. Municipios, localidades y población total con influencia en la propuesta de ANP. .. 75 Tabla 11. Servicios de agua, drenaje y electricidad en las localidades con influencia en la propuesta de ANP. ................................................................................................. 77 Tabla 12. Servicios médicos de los pobladores ...................................................................... 78 Tabla 13. Infraestructura educativa ........................................................................................ 78 Tabla 14. Principales actividades económicas por localidad .................................................. 81 Tabla 15. Oferta de servicios turísticos ................................................................................... 82 Tabla 16. Actividades turísticas que se realizan en las localidades con influencia. ................ 83 Tabla 17. Artes de pesca en el Área de Interés y las zonas de pesca .................................... 85 Tabla 18. Pescado con mayor demanda en la región. ............................................................ 87 Tabla 19. Cooperativas registradas en CONAPESCA-Catemaco con zona de distribución de Punta Puntillas hasta Jicacal. ............................................................................ 88 Tabla 20. Cooperativas registradas en CONAPESCA-Coatzacoalcos.................................... 89 Tabla 21. Especies de mayor captura registradas en CONAPESCA-Coatzacoalcos .............
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