Dans Manon Lescaut De L'abbé Prévost

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Dans Manon Lescaut De L'abbé Prévost La rhétorique de la “ tendre amitié ” dans Manon Lescaut de l’abbé Prévost Mellie Mattana-Basset To cite this version: Mellie Mattana-Basset. La rhétorique de la “ tendre amitié ” dans Manon Lescaut de l’abbé Prévost. Littératures. 2021. dumas-03251442 HAL Id: dumas-03251442 https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-03251442 Submitted on 7 Jun 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. La rhétorique de la « tendre amitié » dans Manon Lescaut de l’abbé Prévost Mellie MATTANA-BASSET Sous la direction de Cécile Lignereux, Maître de conférences en Langue et littérature françaises d’Ancien Régime Laboratoire : LITT&ARTS Centre de recherche RARE - Rhétorique de l’Antiquité à la Révolution UFR LLASIC - Département Lettres Modernes Domaine « Arts, Lettres, Langues » Mention « Arts, Lettres, Civilisation » Mémoire de recherche Master 2 - 27 crédits Parcours : « Littérature : Critique et Création » Année universitaire 2020-2021 La rhétorique de la « tendre amitié » dans Manon Lescaut de l’abbé Prévost Mellie MATTANA-BASSET Sous la direction de Cécile Lignereux Maître de conférences en Langue et littérature françaises d’Ancien Régime Laboratoire : LITT&ARTS Centre de recherche RARE - Rhétorique de l’Antiquité à la Révolution UFR LLASIC - Département Lettres Modernes Domaine « Arts, Lettres, Langues » Mention « Arts, Lettres, Civilisation » Mémoire de recherche Master 2 - 27 crédits Parcours : « Littérature : Critique et Création » Année universitaire 2020-2021 Remerciements Je tiens d’abord à remercier très chaleureusement ma directrice de mémoire, Cécile Lignereux. À l’image de Tiberge, vous avez été une conseillère dévouée. Votre esprit avisé m’a guidée de manière exemplaire dans toutes les étapes de mon travail. Vos remarques et vos suggestions m’ont initiée au « regard rhétorique », essentiel à la bonne compréhension d’un texte. Si j’ai apprécié mes premiers pas dans le monde de la recherche, c’est en grande partie grâce à votre rigueur et à votre bienveillance. Je vous dois beaucoup et j’espère avoir fait preuve d’une meilleure écoute que Des Grieux. Ma reconnaissance va également à Stéphane Macé. Merci pour les articles et ouvrages conseillés, pour votre lecture et vos cours d’agrégation qui m’ont donné le goût pour la stylistique. Doivent naturellement figurer en bonne place celles qui, par leur soutien indéfectible, m’ont épaulée. Ma maman et ma sœur, pour leurs innombrables encouragements et leur réconfort dans les moments difficiles. Je n’aurais jamais pu rédiger ce mémoire si je n’avais pas bénéficié de votre amour. Je me tourne enfin vers Élie Génin, avec qui j’ai eu de nombreux échanges instructifs. Merci pour ta relecture attentive et tes reformulations qui ont contribué à rendre mon expression plus limpide. Déclaration anti-plagiat Document à scanner après signature et à intégrer au mémoire électronique __________________________________________________ DÉCLARATION 1. Ce travail est le fruit d’un travail personnel et constitue un document original. 2. Je sais que prétendre être l’auteur d’un travail écrit par une autre personne est une pratique sévèrement sanctionnée par la loi. 3. Personne d’autre que moi n’a le droit de faire valoir ce travail, en totalité ou en partie, comme le sien. 4. Les propos repris mot à mot à d’autres auteurs figurent entre guillemets (citations). 5. Les écrits sur lesquels je m’appuie dans ce mémoire sont systématiquement référencés selon un système de renvoi bibliographique clair et précis. NOM : Mattana-Basset PRENOM : Mellie DATE : 3 mai 2021 SIGNATURE : Je suis gêné devant ce livre ; il a trop de lecteurs, et des pires ; je préfère ne l’aimer point. — En le lisant vous versiez bien des larmes ! — Précisément, je lui en veux un peu de cela. S’il touchait d’abord mon esprit, je lui permettrais plus volontiers de toucher aussi bien mon cœur. André Gide, Nouvelle Revue Française, n° 52, avril 1913, p. 538. 5 Sommaire Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 8 1. État de l’art ................................................................................................................. 10 1.1 Les travaux d’histoire littéraire ...................................................................................................... 10 1.1.1 Sources et modèles ..................................................................................................................... 10 1.1.2 L’histoire éditoriale .................................................................................................................... 14 1.1.3 La réception ................................................................................................................................ 17 1.2 Les approches thématiques .............................................................................................................. 21 1.2.1 La passion amoureuse ................................................................................................................ 21 1.2.2 L’argent, le jeu et la tricherie ..................................................................................................... 24 1.2.3 La déchéance morale .................................................................................................................. 29 1.3 Les analyses narratologiques ........................................................................................................... 34 1.3.1 L’enchâssement narratif ............................................................................................................. 34 1.3.2 Un récit à la première personne .................................................................................................. 36 1.3.3 L’inscription du dialogue dans la narration ................................................................................ 39 1.4 Les études stylistiques ...................................................................................................................... 42 1.4.1 Une syntaxe qui sert l’analyse psychologique ........................................................................... 42 1.4.2 Des figures évoquant la violence des passions ........................................................................... 44 1.4.3 Une stratégie énonciative ambiguë ............................................................................................ 48 2. Pour une approche rhétorique des discours rapportés .......................................... 51 2.1 La rhétorique appliquée .................................................................................................................. 52 2.1.1 Rhétorique et roman aux siècles classiques ............................................................................... 52 2.1.2 Un roman qui provoque une réflexion sur les pouvoirs et les limites de la rhétorique .............. 54 2.2 Formes et enjeux des discours cités ................................................................................................ 56 2.2.1 L’importance des discours rapportés dans l’économie narrative ............................................... 56 2.2.2 Pour une description rhétorique des discours ............................................................................. 61 2.3 Quatre discours amicaux qui incitent à la vertu ........................................................................... 62 2.3.1 Genre et sous-genres du délibératif ............................................................................................ 63 2.3.2 Les discours d’un ami ................................................................................................................ 68 Chapitre 1. Préambule ....................................................................................................... 71 1.1 Les pratiques amicales au XVIIIe siècle ............................................................................................. 73 1.2 La parrêsia : une éthique de la vérité ................................................................................................. 75 1.3 Sur la voie de la prudence ................................................................................................................... 77 1.4 L’idéal moral et social de la tempérance ............................................................................................ 79 Chapitre 2. Le discours de dissuasion .............................................................................. 82 2.1 Situation pragmatique et but persuasif ............................................................................................... 84 2.2 L’ethos ................................................................................................................................................ 85 2.3 Le logos .............................................................................................................................................. 86 2.4 Le pathos ...........................................................................................................................................
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