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Atlas of Lacrimal Surgery

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Atlas of Lacrimal Surgery 2È+È7EBER È2È+EERL È3È$È3CHAEFER È2È#È$ELLAÈ2OCCAÈ%DS !TLASÈOFÈ,ACRIMALÈ3URGERY 2È+È7EBERÈÈÈÈ2È+EERLÈÈÈÈ3È$È3CHAEFERÈÈÈÈ2È#È$ELLAÈ2OCCAÈ %DS Atlas of Lacrimal Surgery 7ITHÈÈ&IGURESÈANDÈÈ4ABLES Rainer K. Weber, MD Steven D. Schaefer, MD, FACS Professor and Head Professor and Chair Division of Paranasal Sinus and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology Traumatology New York Eye and Ear Infirmary Department of Otorhinolaryngology New York Medical College Hospital Karlsruhe 310 East 14th St. Moltkestraße 90 New York, NY10003, USA D-76133 Karlsruhe, Germany [email protected] [email protected] Roberto C. Della Rocca, MD, FACS Rainer E. Keerl, MD Professor and Chief Assistant professor and Chief Division of Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Department of Otorhinolaryngology New York Eye and Ear Infirmary St.-Elisabeth-Hospital New York Medical College St.-Elisabeth-Straße 23 Chairman D-94315 Straubing, Germany Department of Ophthalmology [email protected] St Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital Center New York, NY 310 East 14th St. New York, NY10003, USA [email protected] Library of Congress Control Number: 2003937345 ISBN-10 3-540-26255-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-26255-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproductiononmicro- filmor inanyotherway, andstorage indata banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permissions for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science + Business Media springer.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Editor: Gabriele Schröder, Heidelberg, Germany Desk Editor: Martina Himberger, Heidelberg, Germany Cover design: Frido Steinen-Broo, eStudio Calamar, Spain Reproduction and Typesetting: am-productions GmbH, Wiesloch, Germany Production: LE-TEX Jelonek, Schmidt & Vöckler GbR, Leipzig, Germany Printed on acid-free paper 27/3100 – YL – 5 4 3 2 1 0 Preface To dry people’s eyes – that’s one of the great challeng- patients’ eyes. The accompanying DVD contains es in lacrimal surgery. Different localizations of the video clips of different operations highlighting key stenosis, lesions after tumor surgery or trauma, and portions of these procedures. epiphora in children or adults are different conditions I would like to express my gratitude to Springer, that need various operative procedures to treat a especially to Ms. Marion Philipp and Ms. Martina patient individually and successfully. Himberger, and would also like to thank Alan Bell- The close relationship between the eyes and nose inger for reading and improving the manuscript. demands an interdisciplinary approach to lacrimal Additionally, I owe many thanks to my editorial col- surgery. Therefore, ophthalmologists, otorhinolaryngo- leagues, who did a great job working together on this logists as well as plastic surgeons are invited to con- book and to the authors who prepared excellent arti- tribute in solving a patient’s problem. cles. This book is intended to serve as a practically ori- Finally, I wish all readers much pleasure while ented reference. In the first part, it contains chapters working through the chapters and hope that it helps on pertinent surgical anatomy, physiology and patho- them reach the goal of satisfied patients with dry physiology as well as basic clinical and radiological eyes. evaluation. In the second part, well-known authori- ties from all over the world present their experience in all operative procedures currently available to dry Rainer K. Weber Contents 1 Anatomy and Physiology 8 Complications of Endoscopic DCR . 87 of the Nasolacrimal Ducts. 1 M. Bernal-Sprekelsen, I. Alobid F. Paulsen and J. Mullol Miret 2 Pathophysiological Aspects 9 Nasolacrimal System Injuries . 91 of PANDO, Dacryolithiasis, Dry Eye, D.A. Della Rocca, S. Ahmad, and Punctum Plugs . 15 P. Preechawi, S.D. Schaefer F. Paulsen and R.C. Della Rocca 3 Diagnostics . .29 10 Microsurgery of the Lacrimal System: P. Komínek, R.C. Della Rocca Microendoscopic Techniques. and S. Rosenbaum Minimally Invasive Diagnostics and Therapy in Lacrimal Surgery . 105 4 Nasolacrimal Probing and Intubation . 53 K.-H. Emmerich, R. Ungerechts L. Pierroth, D.A. Della Rocca and H.-W. Meyer-Rüsenberg and R.C. Della Rocca 11 Conjunctivorhinostomy . 119 5 Dacryocystorhinostomy W. J. Heppt Surgical Technique . 61 M. Bernal-Sprekelsen, I. Alobid, 12 Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy M. Tomás-Barberán, R.C. Della Rocca with the Insertion of a Jones Tube . 127 and S.D. Schaefer P. Komínek 6 Dacryocystorhinostomy in Children . 69 13 Interventional Radiology . 143 Manuel Bernal-Sprekelsen, K. Wilhelm Isam Alobid, Ferran Ballesteros, Manuel Tomás-Barberán, Subject Index . 155 David A. Della Rocca and R.C. Della Rocca 7 Laser-Assisted Dacryocystorhinostomy . 73 S. Mirza and N. Jones List of Contributors 3È!HMAD + (È%MMERICH Department of Ophthalmology Department of Ophthalmology Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Hospital Darmstadt New York Eye and Ear Infirmary/ Heidelberger Landstraße 379 St. Luke’s – Roosevelt Hospital Center 64297 Darmstadt, Germany New York, NY 10003, USA E-mail: [email protected] )È!LOBID 7È*È(EPPT Department of ENT Hospital Clinic, Barcelona Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Barcelona Head and Neck Surgery 08036 Barcelona, Spain Hospital Karlsruhe E-mail: [email protected] Moltkestraße 90 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany &È"ALLESTEROS E-mail: [email protected] Department of ENT Hospital Clinic, Barcelona University of Barcelona .È*ONES 08036 Barcelona, Spain Department of Otorhinolaryngology E-mail: [email protected] Head and Neck Surgery Queen’s Medical Centre -È"ERNAL 3PREKELSEN University Hospital Department of Otorhinolaryngology Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK Hospital Clinic, Barcelona E-mail: [email protected] University of Barcelona 08036 Barcelona, Spain 2È+EERL E-mail: [email protected] Department of Otorhinolaryngology St. Elisabeth Hospital Straubing $È!È$ELLAÈ2OCCA St.-Elisabeth-Straße 23 Department of Ophthalmology 94315 Straubing, Germany Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery E-mail: [email protected] New York Eye and Ear Infirmary/ St. Luke’s – Roosevelt Hospital Center 0È+OMÓNEK New York, NY 10003, USA Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology Faculty Hospital 2È#È$ELLAÈ2OCCA Tr.17. Iistopadu Str. 1790 Department of Ophthalmology 70852 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery E-mail: [email protected] New York Eye and Ear Infirmary/ St. Luke’s – Roosevelt Hospital Center New York, NY 10003, USA E-mail: [email protected] X List of Contributors ( 7È-EYER 2àSENBERG 3È2OSENBAUM Department of Ophthalmology Department of Ophthalmology St.-Josefs-Hospital Hagen New York Eye and Ear Infirmary/ University of Hagen St. Luke’s – Roosevelt Hospital Center Dreieckstraße 17 New York, NY 10003, USA 58097 Hagen, Germany E-mail: [email protected] 3È$È3CHAEFER Department of Otolaryngology 3È-IRZA and Communicative Sciences Department of Otorhinolaryngology New York Eye and Ear Infirmary/ Head and Neck Surgery New York Medical College Queen’s Medical Centre 310 East 14th Street University Hospital New York, NY 10003, USA Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK E-mail: [email protected] *È-ULLOLÈ-IRET -È4OMÉS "ARBERÉN Department of ENT Hospital Clinic, Barcelona University Hospital Son Dureta University of Barcelona 07014 Palma de Mallorca, Spain 08036 Barcelona, Spain E-mail: [email protected] &È0AULSEN 2È5NGERECHTS Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Department of Ophthalmology Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg Hospital Darmstadt Große Steinstraße 52 Heidelberger Landstraße 379 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany 64297 Darmstadt, Germany E-mail: [email protected] 2È+È7EBER ,È0IERROTH Division of Paranasal Sinus Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery and Skull Base Surgery, Traumatology Ophthalmic Hospital Dardenne Department of Otorhinolaryngology Bonn, Germany Hospital Karlsruhe Moltkestraße 90 0È0REECHAWI 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany Department of Ophthalmology [email protected] Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery New York Eye and Ear Infirmary/ +È7ILHELM St. Luke’s – Roosevelt Hospital Center Department of Radiology New York, NY 10003, USA University Hospital Bonn Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25 53127 Bonn, Germany E-mail: [email protected] ChapterAnatomy and 1 Physiology of the Nasolacrimal Ducts Chapter 1 1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Nasolacrimal Ducts 1 Friedrich Paulsen Core Messages! Q The lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct are surrounded by a cavernous body. While Q The tear film is produced by the lacrimal regulating the blood flow, the specialized gland and the different structures of the
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