DOCSLIB.ORG

The Ragusa Road: Mobility and Encounter in the Ottoman Balkans (1430-1700)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Ragusa Road: Mobility and Encounter in the Ottoman Balkans (1430-1700) The Ragusa Road: Mobility and Encounter in the Ottoman Balkans (1430-1700) The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Howell, Jesse C. 2017. The Ragusa Road: Mobility and Encounter in the Ottoman Balkans (1430-1700). Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41141529 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA ! ! ! ! ! "#$!%&'()&!%*&+,!! -*./0/12!&3+!435*(31$6!/3!1#$!711*8&3!9&0:&3)!;<=>?@<A??B! ! ! ! ! C!+/))$61&1/*3!D6$)$31$+!.2! E$))$!F&)5&+$!G*H$00! ! ! ! 1*! ! "#$!F*88/11$$!*I!-/++0$!4&)1$63!J1(+/$)! ! ! ! ! /3!D&61/&0!I(0I/008$31!*I!1#$!6$K(/6$8$31)! I*6!1#$!+$'6$$!*I! L*51*6!*I!M#/0*)*D#2! /3!1#$!)(.N$51!*I! G/)1*62!&3+!-/++0$!4&)1$63!J1(+/$)! ! ! G&6O&6+!P3/O$6)/12! F&8.6/+'$Q!-&))&5#()$11)! ! ! -&2!R?<A! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! © 2017 Jesse Cascade Howell All rights reserved. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! #$%"&'()!*('+,!-./01!20+0$0(! ! ! ! #345'()!6.&&.!-0&70$.!8'9.11! ! ! :5.!;0<3&0!;'0$)! ='>"1"4?!0@$!A@7'3@4.(!"@!45.!B44'/0@!C01D0@&!EFGHIJFKIIL! ! ! !"#$%&'$( ( ! ! This dissertation is a study of human mobility in the western provinces of the Ottoman empire in the early modern era. By the end of the fifteenth century, the Ottomans had absorbed nearly the entire Balkan Peninsula. Dubrovnik (also known as Ragusa), a small mercantile republic on the Adriatic Sea, found itself surrounded by Ottoman territory. Dubrovnik managed to maintain its autonomy and preserve its coastal territories by accepting the position of tribute- paying vassal to the Ottoman state. In this context, the Ragusa Road, which stretched across Ottoman Rumelia (the Balkan Peninsula) to Istanbul, developed into a major axis of trade, diplomacy, and exchange. Unlike other pathways in the region, such as the Via Egnatia to the south, the Ragusa Road did not play a prominent role in earlier Roman transportation networks. Furthermore, the route was longer and more mountainous than alternatives. Yet, by the early sixteenth century, the Ragusa Road had become established as the most important East-West highway across the Balkan Peninsula, a corridor of communications linking the Ottoman capital to western Europe. I explore the forces that conditioned and propelled overland travel on the Ragusa Road. Ottoman and Ragusan actors used complementary policies and practices to reduce obstacles and encourage overland travel. The results were mutually beneficial, and led to the route's increasing prominence in long-distance patterns of movement. Merchants, diplomats, pilgrims and spies ! """! increasingly elected to travel in Ragusan caravans, avoiding the vicissitudes of the maritime route. The cultural ramifications of the Ragusa Road's development are thus significant, as caravan travel brought together members of multiple religious, ethnic and linguistic communities, all of whom traveled together across a topographically challenging and culturally complex region. The records of these travelers reveal the unique cultural space of the road – and that of Ottoman Rumelia – in the early modern Mediterranean. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! "%! )&"*+(,-(.,/$+/$#( ( ! ( 0%,/$(1&$$+%( ! ! ! ! ! #>&4(074! ! ! ! ! ! ! """! ! ! :0>1.!'+!-'@4.@4&! ! ! ! ! ! %! ! ! #7D@'91.$<./.@4&! ! ! ! ! ! %""! ! ( 2/$%,34'$5,/( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (F( ( ( ( ( ! ! -5('@'1'<?! ! ! ! ! ! ! !M! ! ! 8"&4'("'<(0N5?! ! ! ! ! ! !K! ! ! O4(3743(.! ! ! ! ! ! ! PF! ! ! #>>(.%"04"'@&!!! ! ! ! ! ! PG! ! ! :(0@&1"4.(04"'@!O?&4./! ! ! ! ! PG! ! ( .6&7$+%(8/+9(:,;+%5(<&=4#+5(( ( ( ( ( PM( ( ! ! -0(0%0@!:(0%.1!'@!45.!;0<3&0!;'0$! ! ! ! HH! ! ! -3((.@7?!=0D.&!='>"1"4?! ! ! ! ! GF! ! ! :(">34.!! ! ! ! ! ! ! GG! ! ! Q09! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! MH! ! ! R"+4&!0@$!;.104"'@&5"N&! ! ! ! ! SP! ! ! T@+'(/04"'@! ! ! ! ! ! ! SU! ! ! :.75@'1'<?!0@$!AVN.(4"&.! ! ! ! ! KK! ! ( .6&7$+%()>,9(:&$%,/&=+(&/3(?,"5*5$@( ( ( ( WH( ( ( ( ( XY3@DZN([! ! ! ! ! ! ! UG! ! ! ='&40(!! ! ! ! ! ! ! UU! ! ! B44'/0@!B++"7"01&\!!"#$%\!0@$!T@+(0&4(3743(.! ! ! FIM! ! ! R(0@$!]"Y".(&! ! ! ! ! ! ! FIW! ! ! ;3$'! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! FFS! ! ! ^0_@"`.!! ! ! ! ! ! ! FPP! & & '()*"+&,-./"&0121.1)&& & & & & FPW! ! ! :5.!O5.N5.($!*0&50a&!C("$<.!! ! ! ! FHP! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! %! ( .6&7$+%()6%++9(0*,%+/$5/+#(,/($6+(<&=4#&(<,&3( ( ( FGM( ( ( ( C.@.$.44'!b."\!c1'(.@4"@.!ON?! ! ! ! FMF! ! ! ! -./!O3140@! ! ! ! ! ! ! FMS! ! ! R'JC.49..@&! ! ! ! ! ! ! FMW! ! ! 60@3&!Q0&70("&! ! ! ! ! ! ! FSP! ! ! ! C.(@0($'!0@$!C'@&"<@'(.! ! ! ! ! FSG! ! ( .6&7$+%(0,4%9(A+/+$5&/#(8;+%*&/3( ( ( ( ( FKK( ! ! ! C.@.$.44'!;0/>.(4"! ! ! ! ! ! FWH! ! ! *0'1'!-'@40("@"! ! ! ! ! ! FUI! ! ! Q'(.@Y'!C.(@0($'! ! ! ! ! ! PIH! ! ! ! .,/'*4#5,/( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( PFW( ( ( ( ( ( B5"*5,=%&76@( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( PPF( ! ( ( ( ! ! ! ! ! ( ( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! %"! ! Acknowledgements This project was made possible through the generosity, patience, and talent of so many people. Thanks to all those who helped from the very beginning: Mary-Kay Gamel, at UC Santa Cruz, for the critical initial support; and Joshua and Jago, in Berlin, for helping me make sense of what was possible. At UC Berkeley, where I began my education as an historian, I will always be grateful to Leslie Peirce, Beshara Doumani, Ayla Algar, and Osama Khalil. At Harvard, thank you to everyone at CMES, the Department of History and the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture. Susan Kahn was especially helpful in helping me get my bearings, and keeping things in perspective. To my graduate school yolda!lar from History 3910, Calvin St. Beacon St. and The Druid: getting to know your brilliant selves has been a highlight of the past decade. I hope we can all share a vat of borscht again sometime soon. Extra special thanks to the Türker-Cerda's for always being my home-away-from-home. Çok te!ekkürler to Sena Balkaya and Carol Ann Litster: I couldn't have asked for better partners for our student programs in Turkey. Thank you to Michael Rocke, Kathryn Bosi, and Joseph Connors at Villa I Tatti; to Scott Redford at RCAC; and to my kind hosts at the Centro Vittore Branca in Venice. Hvala to the most charming people in Croatia: Oda and Ivo in Dubrovnik, and Jo"ko Belamari# in Split. Thank you to the archivists and librarians of the Ba!bakanlık Ottoman Archives in Istanbul, the Croatian State Archives of Dubrovnik and Zara, the Archivio di Stato in Venice, the Biblioteca Nazionale in Florence and the Marciana in Venice. Thank you to the librarians of Widener, McHenry, KHI, Bibliotheca Hertziana, and Greene Library. Special thanks to András Riedlmayer. Warmest thanks to Lovro Kun$evi#, and Vesna Miovi# for sharing their expertise in Dubrovnik. To my Turkish and Ottoman teachers: Hakan Karateke, Helga Anetsofer, Selim Kuru, Yorgos Dedes, Himmet Taskomur (thank you for the editing and comments!), Abdullah U%ur, Ali Yaycio%lu, and my Italian maestra Chiara Frenquelluci: none of this would have been possible without you. Rowan Dorin and Michael McCormick, thank you for the generous advice at the earliest stage of this dissertation - when the scope was even larger than the present form. Thank you to Alison Frank Johnson, Maya Jasanoff, and Gülru Necipo%lu for your invaluable advice and support. Special thanks to Anthony Molho for contributing to project from afar. I could not imagine a more inspiring doctoral advisor and mentor than Cemal Kafadar. May this be the first of many journeys to come. ! %""! Thank you, David and Cheryl, for being a constant support, and for Eliana for being the perfect sister. I couldn't have done this without you! My family has sustained me in so many ways. Thank you to the inimitable Wanda who encouraged me to use made-up words with confidence and to always talk to strangers. Thanks to the amazing Howell, Bliss, Dent and Kinew families, especially my mother-in-law Kathi. To my brilliant and beautiful wife, Shawon, thank you for sticking with me through the bus stations of Mostar and Novi Pazar, and for your sharp eyes in reading over these chapters. Ti amo sempre. Thank you for finding Anja Napoli, the world's greatest dissertation dog. This dissertation is dedicated to Dr. Virginia Bliss – my mom Gina – who showed me everything I needed to know about the road. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! %"""! !"#$%&'(#)%"* ! ! "#$%#$&!'$()!*+,,#!-./00#)!1!21(3!$4!5#1$!6+/17#8! ! ! ! 9:#!6#%;143!,+$431(40!13!3:#!(43#%0#*3(+4!+2!<+04(1!14;!"#%=#7+6(41)!>+43#4#7%+)!14;! ?#%5(1!;+!4+3)!13!2(%03!7.14*#)!1@@#1%!3+!5#[email protected]*#!3+!0##A!4+;#0!+2!*+44#*3(+4!(4!(43#%413(+41.! 4#3B+%A0!+2!#&*:147#C!?+$3:#103#%4!D$%+@#!(4!7#4#%1.!;+#0!4+3!2(7$%#!:(7:./!(4!3:#!03$;/!+2! *+44#*3(6(3/C!E0!3:#!#1%./!,+;#%4!0*:+.1%0:(@!+2!3:#!>#;(3#%%14#14!:10!3$%4#;!2%+,!3:#! 413(+41.!3+!3:#!7.+51.)!3:#!F33+,14!*1@(31.0!3+!3:#!#103!GH03145$.)!D;(%4#)!<$%01I!14;!3:#!H31.(14! *#43#%0!+2!3%1;#!14;!*$.3$%#!3+!3:#!B#03!:16#!@#%:1@0!4#6#%!5##4!*.+0#%C!J#3!3:#!.14;,100! 5#3B##4!3:#0#!*+0,+@+.([email protected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oachim du Bellay, Les Regrets, sonnet XXXI, 1558.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Transnational Rebellion: The Syrian Revolt of 1925-1927 Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99q9f2k0 Author Bailony, Reem Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Transnational Rebellion: The Syrian Revolt of 1925-1927 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Reem Bailony 2015 © Copyright by Reem Bailony 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Transnational Rebellion: The Syrian Revolt of 1925-1927 by Reem Bailony Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor James L. Gelvin, Chair This dissertation explores the transnational dimensions of the Syrian Revolt of 1925-1927. By including the activities of Syrian migrants in Egypt, Europe and the Americas, this study moves away from state-centric histories of the anti-French rebellion. Though they lived far away from the battlefields of Syria and Lebanon, migrants championed, contested, debated, and imagined the rebellion from all corners of the mahjar (or diaspora). Skeptics and supporters organized petition campaigns, solicited financial aid for rebels and civilians alike, and partook in various meetings and conferences abroad. Syrians abroad also clandestinely coordinated with rebel leaders for the transfer of weapons and funds, as well as offered strategic advice based on the political climates in Paris and Geneva. Moreover, key émigré figures played a significant role in defining the revolt, determining its goals, and formulating its program. By situating the revolt in the broader internationalism of the 1920s, this study brings to life the hitherto neglected role migrants played in bridging the local and global, the national and international.
    [Show full text]
  • Aachen, 590,672
    INDEX THIS Index contains no reference to the Introductory Tables which pre· sent a summary of the Finance and Commerce of the United Kingdom, British India, the British Colonies, the various countries of Europe, the United States of America, and Japan. AAC AFR ACHEN, 590,672 Adrar, 815, 1041 A Aalborg, 491 Adrianople (town), 1097 Aalesund, 1062 - (Vilayet), 1096 Aargau, 1078, 1080 Adua, 337 Aarhus, 491 Adulis Bay, 569 Abaco (Bahamas), 244 lEtolia, 705 Abbas Hilmi, Khedive, 1122 Afghanistan, area, 339 Abdul-Hamid n., 1091 - army, 340 Abdur Rahman Khan, 339 - books of reference, 342 Abeokuta (W. Africa), 219 - currency, 342 Abercorn (Cent. Africa), 215 - exports, 342 Aberdeen, 22; University, 34 - government, 340 Aberystwith College, 34 - horticulture, 341 Abo (Finland), 933, 985 - imports, 342 Abomey, 572 - justice, 340 Abruzzi, 732 -land cultivation, 341 Abyssinia, 337 - manufactures, 341 Abyssinian Church, 337, 1127 - mining, 341 Ahuna (Coptic), 337 - origin of the Afghans, 339 Acajutla (Salvador), 998 - population, 340 Acanceh (Mexico), 799 - reigning sovereign, 339 Acarnania, 705 - revenue, 340 Accra, 218 - trade, 341 Achaia, 705 - trade routes, 341 .Achikulak, 933 Africa, Central, Protectorate, 193 Acklin's Island, 244 East (British), 194 Aconcagua, 4.46 -- (German), 623 Acre (Bolivia), 430, 431, 437 -- - Italian, 768 Adamawa, 211 -- Portuguese, 909 Adana (town), 1097 -- South-West (German), 622 - (Vilayet), 1096 - (Turkish), 1095, 1097 Adelaide, 297 ; University, 298 - West (British), 218 Aden, 108, 129 -- (French), 569 Adis Ababa, 337, 769 -- German, 621, 622 Admiralty Island (W. Pacific), 625 -- colonies in, British, 180 Adolf, Grand Duke of Luxemburg, 796 -- colonies in, French, 556 1222 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1900 AFR AMI Africa, Colonies in, German, 620 Algeria, army, 530, 558 -- Italian, 768 - books of reference, 560 -- Portuguese, 907 - commerce, 559 -- Spanish, 1041 - crime, 557 Agana (Ladrones), 1200 - defence, 558 Agra, 135 - exports, 559, 560 Agone (W.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2020 1 ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL Image: Magic Millions Barrier Draw 2020 Annual Report 2020 Annual Report Racing and Wagering Western Australia
    Annual Report 2020 Racing and Wagering Western Australia 1 ANNUAL REPORT Image: Magic Millions Barrier Draw 2020 Annual Report 2020 Racing and Wagering Western Australia Statement of Compliance For the year ended 31 July 2020 The Hon. Paul Papalia CSC, MLA; Minister for Tourism; Racing and Gaming; Small Business; Defence Issues; Citizenship and Multicultural Interests. In accordance with Section 61 of the Financial Management Act 2006, we hereby submit for your information and presentation to Parliament, the Annual Report of Racing and Wagering Western Australia for the financial year ended 31 July 2020. The annual report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Financial Management Act 2006 and the Racing and Wagering Western Australia Act 2003. 4 5 Annual Report 2020 Racing and Wagering Western Australia Chapter 1: Overview Contents Chapter 1: Overview About Us 1 2020 Key Performance Highlights 3 Chair and CEO Report 6 Operational Structure 11 Racing and Wagering Western Australia Board 13 Board Committees 14 Chapter 2: Report on Operations Wagering 18 Racing 22 Welfare 32 Racing Integrity 41 Corporate Social Responsibility 47 People and Culture 50 Chapter 3: Disclosures and Legal Compliance Opinion of the Auditor General 53 Certification of Financial Statements 57 Financial Statements Statement of Comprehensive Income 58 Statement of Financial Position 59 Statement of Changes in Equity 60 Statement of Cash Flows 61 Notes to and Forming Part of the Financial Statements 62 Certification of Key Performance Indicators 108 Performance Management Framework 109 Key Performance Indicators 110 Other Financial Disclosures 114 Governance Disclosures 117 Other Legal Requirements 119 Government Policy Requirements 120 Image: WA Fashions on the Field Campaign Image: Gloucester Park 6 7 Annual Report 2020 Racing and Wagering Western Australia About Us Racing and Wagering Western Australia (RWWA) was established on 1 August 2003.
    [Show full text]
  • Ayaş'in Xix.Yüzyil Ortalarinda Sosyal Ve Ekonomik Yapisi
    AYAŞ’IN XIX.YÜZYIL ORTALARINDA SOSYAL VE EKONOMİK YAPISI ÜZERİNE TESPİTLER VE SONUÇLAR Şennur ŞENEL-Ali Fuat KARAMAN Özet Bu çalışmada Ankara iline bağlı Ayaş kazasının 19. yüzyıl ortalarındaki sosyal ve ekonomik yapısı, döneme ait temettuat defterleri kullanılarak ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Çalışmanın metodunu oluşturan ana unsur, Türk Tarih Kurumu çatısı altında 1995–2000 yılları arasında yapılan Tüsoktar projesi kapsamında yer alan çalışmada oluşturulmuş veri tabanı sistemidir. Bu sistem kullanılarak Ayaş’a ait temettuat defterlerindeki veriler, söz konusu veri tabanına girilmiş ve daha sonra sorgulanmıştır. Sonuçta elde edilen rakamlar, gerek temettuat verileriyle ilgilenen araştırmacılar, gerekse genel itibariyle Osmanlı sosyal ve ekonomi tarihi ile ilgilenen akademisyenlerin bilgilerine sunulmaktadır. Bu çerçevede başlıklar altında incelediğimiz konular şu şekildedir: Kazanın 19.yüzyıl ikinci yarısındaki idari yapısı ve yerleşim düzeni, aynı dönemde kazanın nüfusuna ait tespitler, çalışma hayatı ve buna bağlı olarak gelir dağılımı ile taşınır ve taşınmaz mülklerin nüfusa göre dağılımları, kazada yapılan hayvancılık. Nihai olarak da bütün bu gelir kalemlerine bağlı olarak kazanın Osmanlı vergi düzenindeki yeri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Anahtar kelimleler: Ayaş (Ankara), Osmanlı sosyal ve ekonomik hayatı(19. yüzyıl) , temettuat defterleri. Findings and Conclutions on the Socio-Economic Structure of the Town of Ayaş (Ayasch) in the Midst of 19th Century Absract This study puts before you the socio-economic structure of the town of Ayaş, appertaining to Ankara city, in the midst of 19th century following a perusal over the inventories about the collected taxes on the earnings of people in that time. The main element that formulates the method of this study is the database system that was created in the framework of Tüsoktar Project that was carried out by the Turkish Historical Society (TTK) in the years between 1995 and 2000.
    [Show full text]
  • Ordinary Jerusalem 1840–1940
    Ordinary Jerusalem 1840–1940 Angelos Dalachanis and Vincent Lemire - 978-90-04-37574-1 Downloaded from Brill.com03/21/2019 10:36:34AM via free access Open Jerusalem Edited by Vincent Lemire (Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée University) and Angelos Dalachanis (French School at Athens) VOLUME 1 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/opje Angelos Dalachanis and Vincent Lemire - 978-90-04-37574-1 Downloaded from Brill.com03/21/2019 10:36:34AM via free access Ordinary Jerusalem 1840–1940 Opening New Archives, Revisiting a Global City Edited by Angelos Dalachanis and Vincent Lemire LEIDEN | BOSTON Angelos Dalachanis and Vincent Lemire - 978-90-04-37574-1 Downloaded from Brill.com03/21/2019 10:36:34AM via free access This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the prevailing CC-BY-NC-ND License at the time of publication, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. The Open Jerusalem project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) (starting grant No 337895) Note for the cover image: Photograph of two women making Palestinian point lace seated outdoors on a balcony, with the Old City of Jerusalem in the background. American Colony School of Handicrafts, Jerusalem, Palestine, ca. 1930. G. Eric and Edith Matson Photograph Collection, Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/mamcol.054/ Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Dalachanis, Angelos, editor.
    [Show full text]
  • Historia Scribere 13 (2021)
    historia scribere 13 (2021) The Beginnings of an Empire. The Transformation of the Ottoman State into an Empire, demonstrated at the example of Grand Vizier Mahmud Pasha’s life and accomplishments Vera Flatz Kerngebiet: Neuzeit eingereicht bei: Yasir Yilmaz, MA PhD und Univ.-Prof. Dr. Stefan Ehrenpreis eingereicht im: WiSe 2019/20 Rubrik: Seminar-Arbeit Abstract The Beginnings of an Empire. The Transformation of the Ottoman State into an Empire, demonstrated at the example of Grand Vizier Mahmud Pasha’s life and accomplishments The following seminar paper deals with Grand Vizier Mahmud Pasha’s life and the processes that turned an Ottoman principality into the Ottoman Empire. Starting with Sultan Mehmed’s II appointment in 1444, important practic- es such as the nomination of a grand vizier changed significantly. Moreover, Mehmed II built a new palace which reflected the new imperial self-percep- tion, a new code of law was installed, and the empire was centralised. All these developments become especially visible in the life of Grand Vizier Mahmud Pasha Angelovic. The paper examines secondary literature as well as contem- porary sources of Kritobolous and Ibn Khaldun. Sources on Mahmud Pasha’s life are rare and need to be analysed with caution as his posthumous legend influenced the production of literature about his life. 1. Introduction Mahmud Pasha Angelovic, born at the beginning of the 15th century in a town in Ser- bia, became one of the most influential grand viziers of the Ottoman Empire. How did that happen? In 1453, Mehmed II conquered Constantinople and made it the capital of one of the biggest empires of the early modern period.
    [Show full text]
  • Phd 15.04.27 Versie 3
    Promotor Prof. dr. Jan Dumolyn Vakgroep Geschiedenis Decaan Prof. dr. Marc Boone Rector Prof. dr. Anne De Paepe Nederlandse vertaling: Een Spiegel voor de Sultan. Staatsideologie in de Vroeg Osmaanse Kronieken, 1300-1453 Kaftinformatie: Miniature of Sultan Orhan Gazi in conversation with the scholar Molla Alâeddin. In: the Şakayıku’n-Nu’mâniyye, by Taşköprülüzâde. Source: Topkapı Palace Museum, H1263, folio 12b. Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte Hilmi Kaçar A Mirror for the Sultan State Ideology in the Early Ottoman Chronicles, 1300- 1453 Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Geschiedenis 2015 Acknowledgements This PhD thesis is a dream come true for me. Ottoman history is not only the field of my research. It became a passion. I am indebted to Prof. Dr. Jan Dumolyn, my supervisor, who has given me the opportunity to take on this extremely interesting journey. And not only that. He has also given me moral support and methodological guidance throughout the whole process. The frequent meetings to discuss the thesis were at times somewhat like a wrestling match, but they have always been inspiring and stimulating. I also want to thank Prof. Dr. Suraiya Faroqhi and Prof. Dr. Jo Vansteenbergen, for their expert suggestions. My colleagues of the History Department have also been supportive by letting me share my ideas in development during research meetings at the department, lunches and visits to the pub. I would also like to sincerely thank the scholars who shared their ideas and expertise with me: Dimitris Kastritsis, Feridun Emecen, David Wrisley, Güneş Işıksel, Deborah Boucayannis, Kadir Dede, Kristof d’Hulster, Xavier Baecke and many others.
    [Show full text]
  • Turkomans Between Two Empires
    TURKOMANS BETWEEN TWO EMPIRES: THE ORIGINS OF THE QIZILBASH IDENTITY IN ANATOLIA (1447-1514) A Ph.D. Dissertation by RIZA YILDIRIM Department of History Bilkent University Ankara February 2008 To Sufis of Lāhijan TURKOMANS BETWEEN TWO EMPIRES: THE ORIGINS OF THE QIZILBASH IDENTITY IN ANATOLIA (1447-1514) The Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University by RIZA YILDIRIM In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BILKENT UNIVERSITY ANKARA February 2008 I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Assist. Prof. Oktay Özel Supervisor I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Prof. Dr. Halil Đnalcık Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Yaşar Ocak Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Assist. Prof. Evgeni Radushev Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History.
    [Show full text]
  • Kırklareli İlinde 2016 Yılında Evsel Isınmada Kullanılan Katı Yakıtların Cinsi, Yakıtların Özellikleri Ve Bu Yakıtların Temin Edildiği Yerler
    T.C KIRKLARELİ VALİLİĞİ ÇEVRE VE ŞEHİRCİLİK İL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ KIRKLARELİ İLİ 2016 YILI ÇEVRE DURUM RAPORU HAZIRLAYAN : T.C. KIRKLARELİ VALİLİĞİ ÇEVRE VE ŞEHİRCİLİK İL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ ÇED, İZİN VE DENETİM ŞUBE MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ KIRKLARELİ-2017 ÖNSÖZ Çevre kirliliği, her anımızı etkileyen sağlıklı bir yaşam konusudur. Bu nedenle çevrenin korunmasına yönelik yapılacak her faaliyet, atılacak her adım insanlık için çok önemlidir. Çevre kirliliğinin ve çevresel tahribatın önlenmesi yönünde, İl Müdürlüğümüz tarafından, çevre mevzuatı kapsamındaki denetim/kontrol faaliyetlerine titizlikle devam edilmekte, özellikle, hava, su, toprak ve gürültü kirliliğinin önlenmesi, kırsal ve kentsel alanda arazinin ve doğal kaynakların en uygun şekilde kullanılması ve korunması için çalışmalar sürmektedir. Bu çalışmalar kapsamında, hava kalitesini korumak ve kirliliği önlemek amacıyla ilimizdeki kömür satıcıları ve satılan kömürlerin kontrol/ denetimleri yapılmakta, yetkisiz kömür satışına izin verilmemektedir. İlgili yönetmelik kapsamındaki sanayi tesislerince, periyodik olarak sunulan baca gazı çıkış değerlerinin mevzuata uygunluğu değerlendirilmektedir. Yer seçimi çalışması tamamlanan ve Şubat 2007’de hizmete giren Hava Kalitesi Ölçüm İstasyonu ile yapılacak sürekli ölçümlerle, havadaki SO2 (kükürtdioksit) ve partikül madde (toz) miktarı ölçülerek ve gerekli tedbirlerin zaman kaybetmeden alınması sağlanmaktadır. Ergene Nehri kirliliğinin izleme ve kontrol çalışmaları kapsamında; her yıl nehrin ilimize giriş ve çıkış noktalarından su numuneleri alınarak, sonuçları izlenmektedir.
    [Show full text]
  • Talaat Pasha's Report on the Armenian Genocide.Fm
    Gomidas Institute Studies Series TALAAT PASHA’S REPORT ON THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE by Ara Sarafian Gomidas Institute London This work originally appeared as Talaat Pasha’s Report on the Armenian Genocide, 1917. It has been revised with some changes, including a new title. Published by Taderon Press by arrangement with the Gomidas Institute. © 2011 Ara Sarafian. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-1-903656-66-2 Gomidas Institute 42 Blythe Rd. London W14 0HA United Kingdom Email: [email protected] CONTENTS Introduction by Ara Sarafian 5 Map 18 TALAAT PASHA’S 1917 REPORT Opening Summary Page: Data and Calculations 20 WESTERN PROVINCES (MAP) 22 Constantinople 23 Edirne vilayet 24 Chatalja mutasarriflik 25 Izmit mutasarriflik 26 Hudavendigar (Bursa) vilayet 27 Karesi mutasarriflik 28 Kala-i Sultaniye (Chanakkale) mutasarriflik 29 Eskishehir vilayet 30 Aydin vilayet 31 Kutahya mutasarriflik 32 Afyon Karahisar mutasarriflik 33 Konia vilayet 34 Menteshe mutasarriflik 35 Teke (Antalya) mutasarriflik 36 CENTRAL PROVINCES (MAP) 37 Ankara (Angora) vilayet 38 Bolu mutasarriflik 39 Kastamonu vilayet 40 Janik (Samsun) mutasarriflik 41 Nigde mutasarriflik 42 Kayseri mutasarriflik 43 Adana vilayet 44 Ichil mutasarriflik 45 EASTERN PROVINCES (MAP) 46 Sivas vilayet 47 Erzerum vilayet 48 Bitlis vilayet 49 4 Talaat Pasha’s Report on the Armenian Genocide Van vilayet 50 Trebizond vilayet 51 Mamuretulaziz (Elazig) vilayet 52 SOUTH EASTERN PROVINCES AND RESETTLEMENT ZONE (MAP) 53 Marash mutasarriflik 54 Aleppo (Halep) vilayet 55 Urfa mutasarriflik 56 Diyarbekir vilayet
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Empire Earth TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I: Installation...............................................................................................5 Installing Empire Earth ..........................................................................................................5 Tips to Improve Game Performance ......................................................................................6 Prehistoric (500,000 – 50,000 BC) ............................................................................8 Chapter II: What is Empire Earth? ......................................................................10 The Emergence of Empires ..................................................................................................10 Your Role in Empire Earth...............................................................................................11 Features of Empire Earth......................................................................................................12 Stone Age (50,000 – 5,000 BC)................................................................................14 Chapter III: Starting Empire Earth ......................................................................16 Launching the Game ............................................................................................................16 Main Menu ...........................................................................................................................16 Learning to Play ...................................................................................................................17
    [Show full text]
  • Turkish Studies International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish Or Turkic Volume 12/13, P
    Turkish Studies International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume 12/13, p. 71-94 DOI Number: http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.11755 ISSN: 1308-2140, ANKARA-TURKEY This article was checked by iThenticate. UNUTULMAYA YÜZ TUTMUŞ BİR TİCARET HANI: YENİ HAN Gülberk BİLECİK* ÖZET Makalenin konusunu oluşturan Yeni Han, Haliç kıyısı ve yamaçlarında hanlar bölgesi olarak isimlendirilen alanda, Tahtakale’de bulunmaktadır. Tahtakale ve çevresi, liman içi bir semt ve en önemli ticaret iskelelerinin hemen arkasında uzanan bir bölge olarak hem Bizans hem de Osmanlı dönemi boyunca ticaret alanı olma özelliğini devam ettirmiştir. Hasırcılar Caddesi üzerinde bulunan yapı, Tahmis Çıkmazı ve Fındıkçılar Sokağı ile çevrelenmiştir. Yaklaşık 1366.5 m2’lik bir alanı kaplamaktadır. Hasırcılar Hanı, Emin Hanı ve Tahmis Hanı gibi değişik isimlerle de anılmaktadır. Çalışmada ilk olarak Yeni Han’ın da içinde bulunduğu Tarihi Yarımada’daki ticaret bölgesi hakkında, fetih öncesi ve fetih sonrası olmak üzere kısa bir bilgi verilecektir. Fetihten sonra İstanbul’da görülen ticaret yapıları kısaca tanıtıldıktan sonra çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan Yeni Han’ın konumu, yeri ve günümüzdeki durumu incelenecektir. Yeni Han’ın inşa tarihi, yaptıranı ve mimarı hakkında kesin bir bilgi yoktur. Makalede binanın tarihlendirilmesine çalışılmıştır. Bunun için bölgede bulunan ve çeşitli yüzyıllara tarihlenen hanlar incelenmiştir. Birçok hanın duvar işçilikleri, plan ve cephe kuruluşları, avlu sayıları ve mimari ögeleri araştırılmıştır. Toplanan veriler ışığında sonuç olarak yapının 18. yüzyıla tarihlendirilmesi uygun görülmüştür. Bu makale ile bugüne kadar hakkında herhangi bir araştırma bulunmayan İstanbul’un önemli bir ticaret hanı, detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiş ve bilim dünyasına tanıtılmaya çalışılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: İstanbul, Tarihi Yarımada, Ticaret, Han * Yrd.
    [Show full text]