The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity Blackwell Companions to Religion The Blackwell Companions to Religion series presents a collection of the most recent scholarship and knowledge about world religions. Each volume draws together newly-commissioned essays by distinguished authors in the fi eld, and is presented in a style which is accessible to undergradu- ate students, as well as scholars and the interested general reader. These volumes approach the subject in a creative and forward-thinking style, providing a forum in which leading scholars in the fi eld can make their views and research available to a wider audience. Published The Blackwell Companion to Judaism Edited by Jacob Neusner and Alan J. Avery-Peck The Blackwell Companion to Sociology of Religion Edited by Richard K. Fenn The Blackwell Companion to the Hebrew Bible Edited by Leo G. Perdue The Blackwell Companion to Postmodern Theology Edited by Graham Ward The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism Edited by Gavin Flood The Blackwell Companion to Political Theology Edited by Peter Scott and William T. Cavanaugh The Blackwell Companion to Protestantism Edited by Alister E. McGrath and Darren C. Marks The Blackwell Companion to Modern Theology Edited by Gareth Jones The Blackwell Companion to Christian Ethics Edited by Stanley Hauerwas and Samuel Wells The Blackwell Companion to Religious Ethics Edited by William Schweiker The Blackwell Companion to Christian Spirituality Edited by Arthur Holder The Blackwell Companion to the Study of Religion Edited by Robert A. Segal The Blackwell Companion to the Qur’a¯n Edited by Andrew Rippin The Blackwell Companion to Contemporary Islamic Thought Edited by Ibrahim M. Abu-Rabi The Blackwell Companion to the Bible and Culture Edited by John F. A. Sawyer The Blackwell Companion to Catholicism Edited by James J. Buckley, Frederick Christian Bauerschmidt, and Trent Pomplun The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity Edited by Ken Parry Forthcoming The Blackwell Companion to the New Testament Edited by David Aune The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity Edited by Ken Parry © 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd except for editorial material and organization © 2007 by Ken Parry blackwell publishing 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of Ken Parry to be identifi ed as the Author of the Editorial Material in this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd 1 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Blackwell companion to Eastern Christianity / edited by Ken Parry. p. cm.–(Blackwell companions to religion) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-631-23423-4 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Eastern churches. I. Parry, Kenneth, 1945– BX106.23.B53 2007 281′.5–dc22 2006038841 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Set in 10 on 12.5 pt Photina by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Singapore by COS Printers Pte Ltd The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices. Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable environmental accreditation standards. For further information on Blackwell Publishing, visit our website: www.blackwellpublishing.com In Memoriam My mother Joan Parry (1920–2005) an inspiration to all who knew her and David Melling (1943–2004) philosopher, liturgist, and generous friend Contents List of Illustrations ix Notes on Contributors xi Preface xv 1 Arab Christianity 1 David Thomas 2 Armenian Christianity 23 Vrej Nerses Nersessian 3 Bulgarian Christianity 47 Ivan Zhelev Dimitrov 4 Byzantine Christianity 73 Hannah Hunt 5 Coptic Christianity 94 Janet A. Timbie 6 Ethiopian Christianity 117 David Appleyard 7 Georgian Christianity 137 Stephen H. Rapp, Jr. 8 Greek Christianity after 1453 156 Vrasidas Karalis 9 Romanian Christianity 186 Mircea Pacurariu 10 Russian Christianity 207 Basil Lourié viii CONTENTS 11 Serbian Christianity 231 Radmila Radic´ 12 Syriac Christianity 249 Heleen Murre-van den Berg 13 Eastern Christianity in the United States 269 Thomas FitzGerald 14 Eastern Christianity in China 280 Jeremias Norman 15 Eastern Catholic Christianity 291 Peter Galadza 16 Eastern Christian Liturgical Traditions: Eastern Orthodox 319 Graham Woolfenden 17 Eastern Christian Liturgical Traditions: Oriental Orthodox 339 Bryan D. Spinks 18 Eastern Christian Iconographic and Architectural Traditions: Eastern Orthodox 368 Alexander Grishin 19 Eastern Christian Iconographic and Architectural Traditions: Oriental Orthodox 388 Lucy-Anne Hunt 20 Eastern Christian Hagiographical Traditions: Eastern Orthodox 420 Dimitri Brady 21 Eastern Christian Hagiographical Traditions: Oriental Orthodox: Syriac Hagiography 439 Eva Synek 22 Eastern Christian Hagiographical Traditions: Oriental Orthodox: Coptic Hagiography 450 Youhanna Nessim Youssef 23 Eastern Christian Hagiographical Traditions: Oriental Orthodox: Armenian Hagiography 458 Vrej Nerses Nersessian 24 Sociology and Eastern Orthodoxy 462 Peter McMylor and Maria Vorozhishcheva Index 480 Illustrations Plates illustrating chapters 18 and 19 are collected between pages 384 and 385 18.1 Church of St Symeon the Stylite, Qal’at Sim’an, Syria, c.476–90. Exterior view from the north-east. 18.2 Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, 532–7. Exterior view from the south. 18.3 Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, 532–7. Interior view facing apse. 18.4 Deesis, mosaic, c.1261. Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, south gallery. 18.5 Emperor Justinian, chancel mosaic, San Vitale, Ravenna, c.546–7. Detail of larger panel of Emperor Justinian with Bishop Maximian, clergy, courtiers and soldiers. 18.6 Christ Pantocrator, encaustic icon, sixth century. Monastery of St Catherine, Mount Sinai. 18.7 Apsidal cross, mosaic. Hagia Eirene, Constantinople, c.753. 18.8 Theotokos and Child, apsidal mosaic, 967. Hagia Sophia, Constantinople. 18.9 Monastery of Daphni, katholikon, near Athens, Greece, c.1100. Exterior view from north-east. 18.10 Pantocrator, dome mosaic. Daphni katholikon, c.1100. 18.11 Monastery of Hosios Loukas, Greece, late tenth and early eleventh centuries. Exterior view from the east. 18.12 Nativity of Christ, fresco. Karanlik Kilise, Göreme Valley, Cappadocia, c.1060s. 18.13 Threnos (Lamentation), fresco. Nerezi, Macedonia, 1164. 18.14 Crucifi xion, fresco. Katholikon of the Monastery of the Virgin, Studenica, Serbia, 1209. 18.15 Anastasis, aspidal fresco. Parekklesion, Chora Monastery, Constantinople, c.1315–21. x LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 19.1 Qalb Lozeh Church. View from the south-east. 19.2 Qal’at Sim’an. Reconstruction of the pilgrimage shrine of St Symeon the Stylite. 19.3 Entry into Jerusalem. From a thirteenth-century Syriac lectionary. 19.4 Aght’amar. Church of the Holy Cross, west façade. 19.5 Khatchk’ar of Aputayli. Stone cross, 1225. 19.6 Last Judgement. From a Gospel book illustrated by T’oros Roslin, 1262. 19.7 Nativity. Wall-painting, sanctuary, southern semi-dome, Church of the Virgin, Dayr al-Suryan, Wadi Natrun, Egypt. 19.8 Panel of choir doors. Church of the Virgin, Dayr al-Suryan, Wadi Natrun, Egypt. 19.9 Entry into Jerusalem. Carved wooden panel from the Church of al-Mu’allaqa, Old Cairo. 19.10 Cathedral, Qasr Ibrim. Plan. 19.11 Bishop Marianos protected by the Virgin and Child. Wall-painting from Faras Cathedral. 19.12 Section of stone frieze from the fi rst Cathedral at Faras. 19.13 Christ healing the blind. From a seventeenth-century Gospel book. 19.14 St Antony and the Virgin and Child. From Life of St ’ stE .ifanos and Life of St Abakerazun, manuscript dated to after 1480. 19.15 Processional Cross. Ethiopian, fi fteenth century. Map Huntington’s civilizational map of Europe, p. 477 Notes on Contributors David Appleyard is Professor of the Languages of the Horn of Africa at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. His research interests focus on the Semitic and Cushitic languages of Ethiopia and Eritrea. He has published extensively and among his recent articles is ‘Defi nite markers in modern Ethiopian Semitic lan- guages’, in G. Khan (ed.) Semitic Studies in Honour of Edward Ullendorff (2005). Dimitri Brady teaches in the Department of Adult Education for the City of Manchester. He has contributed a number of articles to K. Parry et al. (eds) The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity (1999), and he researches and publishes on the hagiographical traditions of the Eastern Orthodox Churches. Ivan Zhelev Dimitrov is Professor of Theology at the University of Sofi a in Bulgaria. Since 1976 he has been a representative of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church at pan- Orthodox conferences and preparatory commissions. He specializes in New Testament Studies and has published articles in German as well as Bulgarian; among the more recent is ‘Moderne Bibelübersetzungen in den Laendern des “Neuen Europa” ’, in K. Nikolakopoulos et al. (eds) Orthodoxe Theologie zwischen Ost und West: Festschrift für Prof. Theodor Nikolaou (2002). Thomas FitzGerald is Professor of Church History and Historical Theology at Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology in Brookline, Massachusetts, and a proto- presbyter of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. He is the author of The Orthodox Church (1995) and The Ecumenical Movement: An Introductory History (2004). Peter Galadza holds the Kule Family Chair in Liturgy at the Sheptytsky Institute of Eastern Christian Studies, Saint Paul University, Ottawa. He is the author of The Theol- ogy and Liturgical Work of Andrei Sheptytsky (1865–1944) (2004), and editor-in-chief of The Divine Liturgy: An Anthology for Worship (2004).
Recommended publications
  • The Age of Globalization (1945-2001)
    THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION (1945-2001) Volume 8 of “AN ESSAY IN UNIVERSAL HISTORY” From an Orthodox Christian Point of View Vladimir Moss © Copyright Vladimir Moss, 2018: All Rights Reserved 1 The communists have been hurled at the Church like a crazy dog. Their Soviet emblem - the hammer and sickle - corresponds to their mission. With the hammer they beat people over the head, and with the sickle they mow down the churches. But then the Masons will remove the communists and take control of Russia… St. Theodore (Rafanovsky) of Belorussia (+1975). Capitalism has lifted the poor out of poverty. In 1918, 1.9 billion people lived in extreme poverty according to the World Bank’s statistics, or 52 per cent of the world’s population. This has fallen to 767 million people, or 10.7 per cent of the population in 2013. This dramatic improvement coincides with China and India moving to market economies. Hence it is the capitalists who love the poor, not the socialists who condemn them to poverty. Jacob Rees-Mogg, M.P. In order to have a democracy in society there must be a dictatorship in power. Anatoly Chubais. The best way to shake people out of their inertia is to put them in debt. Then you give them the power to realize their dreams overnight, while ensuring that they’ll spend years paying for their dreams. This is the principle upon which the stability of the Western world rests. A Serb. Twenty years ago, we said farewell to the Red Empire with damnations and tears.
    [Show full text]
  • Empirical Theology, the Only Dynamic Reality Vitalizing the Synergy Between Academic Theology and the Church Mission in the Contemporary Society
    ICOANA CREDINȚEI No. 9, Year 5/2019 EMPIRICAL THEOLOGY, THE ONLY DYNAMIC REALITY VITALIZING THE SYNERGY BETWEEN ACADEMIC THEOLOGY AND THE CHURCH MISSION IN THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY Assoc. Prof. Ph.D. Ion Marian CROITORU, Faculty of Orthodox Theology and Education Sciences, “Valahia” University, Târgovişte, ROMANIA, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Spiritual experiences of the Church Saints and the Church teachings are stored in various testimonies (texts, monuments, artistic expressions etc.) about the Church presence and walk in the world. Theology, as a science, under the form of curriculum disciplines, searches for answers, draws conclusions, rehabilitates in a critical manner, studies and interprets all these testimonies or draws arguments from them in the endless dialogue between the Church and the world. The framework of this approach, aimed at studying the Church testimonies, also includes the education offered in the Faculties of Theology. This education transmits to students, on the one hand, knowledge obtained as a fruit of scientific theological research, and, on the other hand, gives them orientation in the Church life, namely in the life according to Jesus Christ’s teaching, as it has been lived and experienced by the Saints. Theology, in all its manifestations, represents a Church function, and its space is the Church body, consequently it is related to the Church mission in the world. For this reason, the function of the Church, as place of worship and of healing for man, and the function of School, be it Faculty of Theology or Theological Seminary, are related, being one. Both the Faculty of Theology and the education it provides belong to the vocational domain, which supposes not just external training, namely the appropriation of knowledge, but especially inner training, spiritual transformation and ascension, because the graduates’ role, regardless of whether they become clerics or religion teachers etc., is to be a catalyst in the society and to promote a fundamental thing: man’s salvation.
    [Show full text]
  • Christians and Jews in Muslim Societies
    Arabic and its Alternatives Christians and Jews in Muslim Societies Editorial Board Phillip Ackerman-Lieberman (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA) Bernard Heyberger (EHESS, Paris, France) VOLUME 5 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/cjms Arabic and its Alternatives Religious Minorities and Their Languages in the Emerging Nation States of the Middle East (1920–1950) Edited by Heleen Murre-van den Berg Karène Sanchez Summerer Tijmen C. Baarda LEIDEN | BOSTON Cover illustration: Assyrian School of Mosul, 1920s–1930s; courtesy Dr. Robin Beth Shamuel, Iraq. This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Murre-van den Berg, H. L. (Hendrika Lena), 1964– illustrator. | Sanchez-Summerer, Karene, editor. | Baarda, Tijmen C., editor. Title: Arabic and its alternatives : religious minorities and their languages in the emerging nation states of the Middle East (1920–1950) / edited by Heleen Murre-van den Berg, Karène Sanchez, Tijmen C. Baarda. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2020. | Series: Christians and Jews in Muslim societies, 2212–5523 ; vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference List
    HEMI ECO Belgrade 11030 Development & Production center Blagoja Parovića str. 4 Phone 00381 11 3555724 Fax 00381 11 3555724 Mobile 00381 63 318125 00381 62 355511 www.hemieco.co.rs _______________________________________________________________________________________ REFERENCE LIST LIST OF SIGNIFICANT OBJECTS WHO HAS UNDERGONE REPAIRS – HYDRO INSULATION – RESTORATION – RECONSTRUCTION CONSOLIDATION – CONSERVATION USING MESNS AND TECHNOLOGY HEMI ECO CHURCHES • MONASTERIES • MEMORIALS Aleksandar Nevski Church - Belgrade · Holy Assumption of our Lord Church - Boleč, Belgrade · Gračanica Monastery - Gračanica, Priština · Sisojevac Monastery - Sisevac, Ćuprija · Visoki Dečani Monastery - Peć · Pavlovac Monastery - Kosmaj · St. Petka’s Monastery - Izvor · Hilandar Monastery - Mount Athos, Greece · Ostrog Monastery, cell Piperska - Bjelopavlići, Danilovgrad · Duga Monastery - Bioča · St. Marco’s Church - Belgrade · St. Nicholas’ Church - Žlijebi · Church of the Holy Trinity - Gornji Milanovac · St. Archangel’s Church - Klinci, Luštica · Velike Gospojine Church - Savine · Church of St. Basil of Ostrog - Kumbor · St. Nicholas’ Church - Lučići · Church of the Holy Trinity - Kuti · St. John’s Church - Kameno · St. George’s Church - Marovići, Luštica · Church of St. Basil of Ostrog - Svrčuge · St. Ilija’s Church - Lastva · St. George’s Church - Mirač · St. Toma’s Church - Trebjesin · St. Šćepan’s Church - Kameno · St. Nicholas’ Church - Luštica · Captain Miša’s Mansion - Belgrade · St. George’s Church - Lazarevići · Church of Holy Shroud of the Theotokos
    [Show full text]
  • To Pray Again As a Catholic: the Renewal of Catholicism in Western Ukraine
    To Pray Again as a Catholic: The Renewal of Catholicism in Western Ukraine Stella Hryniuk History and Ukrainian Studies University of Manitoba October 1991 Working Paper 92-5 © 1997 by the Center for Austrian Studies. Permission to reproduce must generally be obtained from the Center for Austrian Studies. Copying is permitted in accordance with the fair use guidelines of the US Copyright Act of 1976. The the Center for Austrian Studies permits the following additional educational uses without permission or payment of fees: academic libraries may place copies of the Center's Working Papers on reserve (in multiple photocopied or electronically retrievable form) for students enrolled in specific courses: teachers may reproduce or have reproduced multiple copies (in photocopied or electronic form) for students in their courses. Those wishing to reproduce Center for Austrian Studies Working Papers for any other purpose (general distribution, advertising or promotion, creating new collective works, resale, etc.) must obtain permission from the Center. The origins of the Ukrainian Catholic Church lie in the time when much of present-day Ukraine formed part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was then, in 1596, that for a variety of reasons, many of the Orthodox bishops of the region decided to accept communion with Rome.(1) After almost four hundred years the resulting Union of Brest remains a contentious subject.(2) The new "Uniate" Church formally recognized the Pope as Head of the Church, but maintained its traditional Byzantine or eastern rite, calendar, its right to ordain married men as priests, and its right to elect its own bishops.
    [Show full text]
  • UNPUBLISHED TEXTS from the ARAB ORTHODOX TRADITION (3): the PATERIKON of the PALESTINIAN LAVRA of MAR CHARITON Alexander Treiger1
    CHRONOS Revue d’Histoire de l’Université de Balamand Numéro 38, 2018, ISSN 1608 7526 UNPUBLISHED TEXTS FROM THE ARAB ORTHODOX TRADITION (3): THE PATERIKON OF THE PALESTINIAN LAVRA OF MAR CHARITON ALEXANDER TREIGER1 Abstract The third instalment in the “Unpublished Texts from the Arab Orthodox Tradition” series makes accessible a neglected document from the Orthodox Christian tradition in Arabic: the Paterikon of the Palestinian lavra of Mar Chariton. It includes an edition and an English translation of this text, which contains precious information about seven little-known ascetic fathers of this celebrated Palestinian monastery. Special attention is given to the ninth-century saint Eustratius of Mar Chariton, whose memory the Orthodox Church kept on 17 October. The Appendix includes an edition and an English translation of the Copto-Arabic version of the Vita of the same St. Eustratius. Résumé Le troisième article de la série « Textes inédits de la tradition arabe orthodoxe » rend accessible un document négligé de la tradition chrétienne orthodoxe en arabe: le Paterikon de la laure palestinienne de Mar Chariton. Il comprend une édition et une traduction anglaise de ce texte, qui contient des informations précieuses sur sept pères ascétiques peu connus de ce célèbre monastère palestinien. Une attention particulière est accordée au saint Eustrate de Mar Chariton, qui a été commémoré par l’Église orthodoxe le 17 octobre. L’appendice comprend une édition et une traduction anglaise de la version copto-arabe de la Vie du même Saint-Eustrate. 1 Dalhousie University. Chronos nº 38 - 2018 8 ALEXANDER TREIGER The purpose of the present article—the third instalment in the “Unpublished Texts from the Arab Orthodox Tradition” series—is to make accessible a neglected document from the Orthodox Christian tradition in Arabic: the Paterikon of the Palestinian “Old Lavra” (παλαιὰ λαύρα / al-sīq al-ʿatīq) of Mar Chariton (ca.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin 2019 09 29
    THE CATHOLIC PARISH OF THE DORMITION OF THE MOST HOLY MOTHER OF GOD ПАРАФІЯ УСПІННЯ ПРЕСВ. БОГОРОДИЦІ A PARISH OF THE UKRAINIAN CATHOLIC EPARCHY OF EDMONTON Sunday, September 29 Address: Sixteenth Sunday a-er Pentecost (Tone 7); Our Venerable Father Cyriacus the Anchorite 15608 -104 Avenue, Edmonton, AB T5P 4G5 Our will be held on Services: Perogy Supper Sunday Divine Liturgy Saturday, November 2. (Ukr & Eng) at 10 am Tickets are $17 each (for adults). & Melkite (Arabic) D.L. Tell your friends and family to join us. at 2 pm Also, if you are able, please sign up to help. The volunteer sheets are found in the Narthex (Church Entrance). Akathist or Molebyn Most Wednesdays at 6 pm (see calendar) At the request of Bishop David, please offer prayers for the repose of the soul of Archbishop Richardʼs father, Mr. Donald James Smith who passed into eternal life Saturday, September 28. More information regarding the Parish Website: funeral and commemorative Masses will follow as it becomes available. hp://dormiRon.eeparchy.com Twitter: Please pick up an Eparchial Fall @dormionparish Program Guide so that you know hps://twiOer.com/ dormionparish about all sorts of great programs our parishes are putting on. Eparchial Website: www.eeparchy.com Also, Please fill out the NEW parish survey on the last sheet of this bulletin, so that we Pastor: can put on great programs too. Fr. Bo Nahachewsky Fr. Bo’s cell phone: Last Notice: September’s Special Collection: 780-340-FR.BO (3726) . Each year the Eparchy of Edmonton makes a special collecDon Fr.
    [Show full text]
  • An Old Believer ―Holy Moscow‖ in Imperial Russia: Community and Identity in the History of the Rogozhskoe Cemetery Old Believers, 1771 - 1917
    An Old Believer ―Holy Moscow‖ in Imperial Russia: Community and Identity in the History of the Rogozhskoe Cemetery Old Believers, 1771 - 1917 Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Doctoral Degree of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Peter Thomas De Simone, B.A., M.A Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2012 Dissertation Committee: Nicholas Breyfogle, Advisor David Hoffmann Robin Judd Predrag Matejic Copyright by Peter T. De Simone 2012 Abstract In the mid-seventeenth century Nikon, Patriarch of Moscow, introduced a number of reforms to bring the Russian Orthodox Church into ritualistic and liturgical conformity with the Greek Orthodox Church. However, Nikon‘s reforms met staunch resistance from a number of clergy, led by figures such as the archpriest Avvakum and Bishop Pavel of Kolomna, as well as large portions of the general Russian population. Nikon‘s critics rejected the reforms on two key principles: that conformity with the Greek Church corrupted Russian Orthodoxy‘s spiritual purity and negated Russia‘s historical and Christian destiny as the Third Rome – the final capital of all Christendom before the End Times. Developed in the early sixteenth century, what became the Third Rome Doctrine proclaimed that Muscovite Russia inherited the political and spiritual legacy of the Roman Empire as passed from Constantinople. In the mind of Nikon‘s critics, the Doctrine proclaimed that Constantinople fell in 1453 due to God‘s displeasure with the Greeks. Therefore, to Nikon‘s critics introducing Greek rituals and liturgical reform was to invite the same heresies that led to the Greeks‘ downfall.
    [Show full text]
  • Is There Grace in the Soviet Church.Djvu
    Is the Grace of God Present in the Soviet Church? “Notes about the Catacomb Church in the USSR.” Professor I.M. Andreyev Translated from the Russian published originally in Jordanville, New York 1948 Contents Introduction ........................................................................ 7 Professor I.M. Andreyev In Memoriam .................................................................... 19 Is the Grace of God Present in the Soviet Church? 23 Notes on the Catacomb Church ........................................ 59 Notes 82 Introduction In the Orthodox Church many of the most profound theological works written by the great Church Fathers were written not for the mere sake of discoursing on the sublime truths, but to defend the faithful against the appearance of an error - an innovation, a human invention alien to the Divinely inspired Truth preserved by the indwelling of the Holy Spirit in the Church. Often the Fathers of the Church would have preferred to keep silent, continuing in prayer and living the truths of Divine Revelation, which car. at best be imperfectly reflected in human words. Th discourses they have left in defense of the Faith art very often more in the nature of fences surrounding the Truth - declaring what God is not, while God in His essence remains unfathomable to the human mind. Nevertheless, as a result (one might say, a by- product) of their polemical writings, we have received from the Church Fathers a rich heritage of inspired theological writings which help us to better understand what Orthodox Christianity really is. The present work falls into this category. Unfortunately, however, it will not be valued in this way but rather in terms of the reader’s sympathies for, or lack thereof, the present day church organization in Russia known as the Moscow Patriarchate.
    [Show full text]
  • Magdalena Sto J an O V a the Cemetery Church of Rožen
    MAGDALENA STO J AN O V A THE CEMETERY CHURCH OF ROŽEN MONASTERY Rožen Monastery is situated on a hill between Rožen and Melnik amidst magnificent mountain scenery. Isolated from busy centres and difficult of access—though rich in natural beauty—this position has proved exceptionally favourable for the monastery’s survival up to the present day. Its architecture indicates a relatively early construction date, around the twelfth or thirteenth century1, but the first written source for Rožen Monastery dates only from 15512. Having studied a great number of Greek documents, the architect Alkiviadis Prepis3 has established that the monastery was originally a de­ pendency with a church dedicated to St George, which was built in the thir­ teenth century by the Byzantine soldier George Contostephanus Calameas and his wife. According to surviving data from the period up until 1351, in 1309 they presented the dependency to the Georgian Iviron Monastery on Mount Athos, and continued to enrich it4. After this area was conquered by 1. On the basis of the construction and the plan, Assen Vassiliev dates the church to about the twelfth century : A Vassiliev, Ktitorski portreti, Sofia 1960, p. 88. George Trajchev opines that the monastery was built in 1217 (Maitastirite v Makedonija, Sofia 1933, pp. 192- 3). The opinion that the church dates from the fourteenth or fifteenth century is shared by Metropolitan Pimen of Nevrokop ('Roženskija manastir’, Tsarkoven vestnic, 17 (1962) 14) and Professor V. Pandurski ('Tsarcovni starini v Melnik, Ročenskija manastir i Sandanski’, Duhovna cultura, 4 (1964) 16-18). Nichola Mavrodinov suggests an earlier date in: 'Tsarcvi i manastiri v Melnik i Rožen, Godishnik na narodnija musej, vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Materials of the Riga 3Rd International Conference on Hellenic Studies
    Materials of the Riga 3rd International Conference on Hellenic Studies Latvijas Universitāte Humanitāro zinātņu fakultāte Klasiskās filoloģijas katedra Hellēnistikas centrs HELLĒŅU DIMENSIJA Rīgas 3. starptautiskās hellēnistikas konferences materiāli Sastādītāji: Brigita Aleksejeva Ojārs Lāms Ilze Rūmniece Latvijas Universitāte University of Latvia Faculty of Humanities Chair of Classical Philology Centre for Hellenic Studies HELLENIC DIMENSION Materials of the Riga 3rd International Conference on Hellenic Studies Editors: Brigita Aleksejeva Ojārs Lāms Ilze Rūmniece University of Latvia UDK 930(063) He 396 The book is financially supported by the Hellenic Republic Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the University of Latvia Grāmata izdota ar Grieķijas Republikas Kultūras un tūrisma ministrijas un Latvijas Universitātes atbalstu Support for Conference Proceedings by ERAF Project Support for the international cooperation projects and other international cooperation activities in research and technology at the University of Latvia No. 2010/0202/2DP/2.1.1.2.0/10/APIA/VIAA/013 IEGULDĪJUMS TAVĀ NĀKOTNĒ Editorial board: Gunnar de Boel (Belgium) Igor Surikov (Russia) Thanassis Agathos (Greece) Kateřina Loudová (The Czech Republic) Valda Čakare (Latvia) Ojārs Lāms (Latvia) Ilze Rūmniece (Latvia) Nijolė Juchnevičienė (Lithuania) Tudor Dinu (Romania) Language editing Normunds Titāns Translating Rasma Mozere Cover design: Agris Dzilna Layout: Andra Liepiņa © Brigita Aleksejeva, Ojārs Lāms, Ilze Rūmniece, editors, 2012 © University of Latvia, 2012 ISBN 978-9984-45-469-6 CONTENTS / SATURS Introduction 8 Ievads 10 I ANCIENT TIMES SENLAIKI 11 Vassilis Patronis ECONOMIC IDEAS OF ANCIENT GREEK PHILOSOPHERS: ASSESSING THEIR IMPACT ON THE FORMATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMIC THOUGHT 12 Sengrieķu filozofu idejas par ekonomiku: izvērtējot ietekmi uz pasaules ekonomiskās domas veidošanos Nijolė Juchnevičienė HISTORIOGRAPHIC SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE AND THE TRADITION OF GEOGRAPHY 22 Zinātniski historiogrāfiskais diskurss un ģeogrāfijas tradīcija Igor E.
    [Show full text]
  • Dositheos Notaras, the Patriarch of Jerusalem (1669-1707), Confronts the Challenges of Modernity
    IN SEARCH OF A CONFESSIONAL IDENTITY: DOSITHEOS NOTARAS, THE PATRIARCH OF JERUSALEM (1669-1707), CONFRONTS THE CHALLENGES OF MODERNITY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Christopher George Rene IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Adviser Theofanis G. Stavrou SEPTEMBER 2020 © Christopher G Rene, September 2020 i Acknowledgements Without the steadfast support of my teachers, family and friends this dissertation would not have been possible, and I am pleased to have the opportunity to express my deep debt of gratitude and thank them all. I would like to thank the members of my dissertation committee, who together guided me through to the completion of this dissertation. My adviser Professor Theofanis G. Stavrou provided a resourceful outlet by helping me navigate through administrative channels and stay on course academically. Moreover, he fostered an inviting space for parrhesia with vigorous dialogue and intellectual tenacity on the ideas of identity, modernity, and the role of Patriarch Dositheos. It was in fact Professor Stavrou who many years ago at a Slavic conference broached the idea of an Orthodox Commonwealth that inspired other academics and myself to pursue the topic. Professor Carla Phillips impressed upon me the significance of daily life among the people of Europe during the early modern period (1450-1800). As Professor Phillips’ teaching assistant for a number of years, I witnessed lectures that animated the historical narrative and inspired students to question their own unique sense of historical continuity and discontinuities. Thank you, Professor Phillips, for such a pedagogical example.
    [Show full text]