Index of Modern Authors

Cambridge University Press 0521853788 - Fallen Angels and the History of Judaism and Christianity: The Reception of Enochic Literature Annette Yoshiko Reed Index More information

IndexofModernAuthors

Adler, W. A. 1 , 2, 4, 8, 21, 93, 219, 222, 223, 224, Cohen, S. J. D. 124, 129, 132 228, 229, 230, 235, 241 Collins, J. J. 3, 25–27, 29, 43, 44, 61 –63, 66, 77, Alexander, P. S. 1 , 22, 53, 59, 100, 132, 137, 138, 78, 89, 100, 101 , 103, 108 141 , 201 , 207, 211, 213, 219, 222, 223, 236, Conzelmann, H. 170 243, 244, 245, 246, 255 Cook, S. 61 , 62 Alter, R. 10 Cowley,R.W.17 Argall, R. 43, 69, 70, 71 Cross, F. M. 63, 68, 132

Babcock, W. S. 221 Davidson, M. 1 , 100, 116 Bamberger, B. J. 9, 262 Davies, P. 61 , 62, 67, 71 Barnard, L. 170, 173 Davila, J. 247, 248, 254 Barr, J. 105, 106, 153 Delcor, M. 9 Bauckham, R. J. 9, 39, 82, 105, 120, 149, 176, Deutsch, N. 246 183, 184 Dexinger, F. 9, 78, 116, 117 Baumgarten, A. I. 62, 69, 85 Dillman, A. 9, 105, 148 Baumgarten, J. M. 278 Dimant, D. 1 , 4, 9, 17, 25, 26, 28, 38, 42, 45, 75, Becker, A. H. 13, 22, 123, 127 79, 89, 98 Beckwith, R. 53, 56, 105, 130, 131 , 133, 134, 135 Dix, G. H. 18 Beit-Arie,´ M. 21, 234 Droge, A. 161, 165, 173 Bickerman, E. J. 65 Black, M. 4, 17, 20, 32, 33, 34, 48, 72, 77, 78, 97, Elbaum, J. 22 105, 106, 148, 182, 230, 248 Elman, Y. 10, 11 Blundell, S. 38 Erder, Y. 1 Boccaccini, G. 69, 73, 76 Bottrich,¨ C. 236 Ferguson, E. 40, 163 Boyarin, D. 13, 53, 124, 125, 129, 140, 142, 143 Field, F. 117 Brakke, D. 132, 149, 193, 199, 200, 201 Fishbane, M. 65 Brock, S. 4, 222, 225, 229 Flemming, J. 3, 232 Brown, P. R. L. 177, 192 Flint, P. W. 99, 134 Bryan, D. J. 76 Flusser, D. 108 Burkert, W. 40, 163 Fowden, G. 93 Burns, J. P. 221 Fraade,S.D.124, 236, 261 Frankfurter, D. 127, 128, 200, 228, 229, 230, 231, Carroll, R. P. 61 247 Charles, R. H. 3, 8, 9, 25, 26, 34, 88, 105, 148, 182, 244, 245 Gager, J. G. 62, 123, 192 Chester, A. 7, 19, 72, 230 Gamble, H. Y. 10, 11, 193

297

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521853788 - Fallen Angels and the History of Judaism and Christianity: The Reception of Enochic Literature Annette Yoshiko Reed Index More information

298 INDEX OF MODERN AUTHORS

Garc´ıa Mart´ınez, F. 17, 26, 73, 74, 78, 79, 95 Knibb, M. A. 4, 7, 8, 17, 19, 20, 21, 62, 72, 153, Gaster, M. 252, 258 230 Gaston, L. 123 Koester, H. 123, 125 Gershenzon, R. 139 Kraft, R. A. 1 , 57 Ginzberg, L. 138, 140, 143, 236, 253, 258, 261, Kruisheer, D. 222 263 Kugel, J. 10, 52, 53, 54 Goldstein, J. 87 Kurfess, A. 108 Goodenough, E. R. 137, 160, 161 Kuyt, A. 243 Goodman, M. 142 Kvanvig, H. 41 , 53 Gordon, R. 40, 253 Grabbe, L. 97, 98, 116 Lachs, S. T. 139 Graf, F. 39, 40 de Lange, N. 258 Graham, W. 21 Larson, E. 7, 72, 82, 105, 106, 230 Greenﬁeld, J. 4, 18, 19, 54, 67, 245, 247, 259 Lawlor, H. L. 4, 105, 113, 148, 149, 157, 198, 199, Grelot, P. 53, 68, 88 219, 222, 224, 227 Gruenwald, I. 5, 43, 55, 134, 241, 242, 243, 245 Leiman, S. Z. 130, 131 , 133, 143, 146, 208 Lieu, J. 124, 192 Hahneman, G. M. 193 Lovejoy, A. O. 38 Halperin, D. 69, 90, 91 , 92, 93, 141 , 241, 243, 250 McDonald, L. M. 131 , 135, 155, 193, 197 Hanson, P. 25, 26, 28, 52, 61 , 63, 98, 163, 165, Metzger,B.M.132, 193 181 Milik, J. T. 3, 4, 7, 17, 18, 19, 53, 59, 72, 78, Harkness, D. E. 2 88, 96, 97, 100, 107, 230, 254, 258, 259, Hartman, L. 41 , 52 260 Hayes, C. 125 Molenberg, C. 30, 37, 42, 98 Hayward, R. 214 Montgomery, J. A. 253, 254, 255 Heller, B. 258, 262, 263, 267 Moore, G. F. 123, 143 Hendel, R. 5 Morray-Jones, C. R. A. 246, 247 Hengel, M. 39, 59, 65 Muller,¨ H. 41 Hezser, C. 146, 147 Himmelfarb, M. 1 , 42, 45, 48, 49, 51 , 52, 57, 62, Netzer, A. 255 64, 65, 79, 82, 103, 104, 113, 121 , 138, 139, Neugebaur, O. 68 234, 236, 238, 239, 241, 243, 245, 246, 258, Neusner, J. 140, 208 268, 271 Newsom, C. A. 25, 40, 44, 50 Hollander, H. W. 20 Neyrey,J.H.104, 105, 106 Houtman, A. 22 Nickelsburg, G. 3, 4, 7, 8, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 42, 59, 62, 63, 64, 65, 68, Idel, M. 269, 270 72, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 86, 87, 98, 100, 101 , Ilan, T. 139 112, 196, 227, 241 Nidich, S. 69 Jacobs, A. S. 194, 200 Jaffee, M. 10, 11, 12, 55, 65, 124, 146 Odeberg, H. 244, 245, 246, 252, 255 Janowitz, N. 125, 140, 147 Olyan, S. M. 65 Jansen, H. L. 25, 53 de Jonge, M. 20, 127 Pagels, E. 52, 125, 169, 176 Jung, L. 262 Pearson, B. 4, 227, 230, 231 Peerbolte, L. 86 Kalmin, R. 140, 147 Ploger,¨ O. 61 Kamesar, A. 194, 205 Pomykala, K. 52 Kaufman, S. A. 213 Kilmer, A. D. 5 Rajak, T. 162, 173 Kimelman, R. 124, 140, 192 Reed, A. Y. 13, 19, 28, 42, 44, 49, 63, 123, 162, Kister, M. 237 166, 177, 236, 239, 251, 256, 257

INDEX OF MODERN AUTHORS 299

Reeves,J.C.1 , 96, 97, 148, 201 , 221 , 235, 239, Stone, M. 4, 18, 19, 41 , 43, 52, 54, 58, 59, 62, 66, 247, 248, 258, 259, 265 67, 68, 69, 70, 79, 101 , 131 , 134, 140, 143, Reid, S. B. 64 144, 241, 247, 259, 268 Reimer, A. M. 100 Strack, H. L. 263 Robbins, E. 236, 262, 264 Stroumsa, G. 3, 117, 149, 201 , 215, 219, 222, 223, Rowland, C. 41 , 241 224, 259 Rubenstein, J. 260 Stuckenbruck, L. 19, 84, 96, 97, 214, 258, 259, Ruether, R. R. 123 265 Rutgers, L. V. 192 Sundberg, A. C. 130, 131 , 135 Suter, D. 30, 37, 39, 45, 63, 65, 98, 113, 248 Sacchi, P. 3, 73, 78 Saldarini, A. J. 65, 124, 139, 140, 241 Talmon, S. 10, 11, 55, 146 Salvesen, A. 194, 217 Ta-Shma, I. M. 258, 268, 271 Scaliger, J. J. 2 Teugels, L. M. 260 Schafer,¨ P. 11, 16, 22, 59, 129, 132, 141 , 145, 208, Tigchelaar, E. J. C. 25, 26, 29, 39, 65, 95 209, 235, 236, 241, 243, 245, 246, 249, 254, Tov, E. 21 258, 269 Schams, C. 65 Ullendorf, E. 8 Schaper, J. 135, 193, 205 Ulrich, E. 55, 132, 133, 135 Schiffman, L. 142, 143, 252, 253 Urbach,E.E.52 Schmidt, N. 2 Scholem, G. 4, 5, 233, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, Vaillant, A. 103 243, 244, 245, 247, 248, 250, 269 van der Kooij, A. 70 Schwartz, M. D. 60, 124, 131 , 207, 242, 243, 252, VanBeek, L. 129 253, 254 VanderKam, J. C. 1 , 4, 8, 41 , 52, 53, 55, 56, 59, Sed, N. 141 62, 66, 68, 74, 77, 78, 82, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90, Segal, A. F. 247 92, 95, 100, 103, 105, 130, 131 , 133, 134, 148, Shaked, S. 252 149, 152, 158, 174, 175, 196, 197, 219 Shinan, A. 214 Siker, J. S. 167 Wagner, W. 9, 149, 201 Simon, M. 123, 166, 176 Wasserstrom, S. 239, 248, 254, 255 Skarsaune, O. 162, 164, 165, 167, 171 , 173 Werman, C. 79 Slomovic, E. 139 Wevers,J.W.117 Smith, J. Z. 67, 70, 132 Wey, H. 9, 175 Soggin, J. A. 5 Wickham, L. R. 9, 82, 117, 218, 219, 222, 223 Stadelmann, H. 65 Wilken,R.L.192 Stemberger, G. 194, 263 Stendahl, K. 123 Yassif, E. 258, 271 Stern, D. H. 144, 207 Sternberg, M. 10 Zevit, Z. 133

Index of Primary Sources

hebrew bible 6:5, 31 , 53, 92 6:7, 261 Genesis, 6, 52, 53, 54, 56, 89 6:11, 28 1–9, 53 6:11–12, 31 1–11, 51 6:12, 32 2–3, 6, 49, 51 , 52, 86, 89, 115, 166, 169, 6:13–21, 42 178 Exodus 2–5, 53 15:26, 142 4, 76 Leviticus 4:22–24, 38 16, 97, 263, 267 4:26, 213 Numbers 5, 89 13:33, 215 5–6, 89 Deuteronomy 5:19, 1 18:9–14, 40 5:21, 1 18:10–12, 41 5:21–14, 209 25:9, 113 5:21–24, 24, 54, 80, 123, 138, 190 29, 235 5:21–25, 90, 234 31, 235 5:22, 1 32:17 (LXX), 165 5:24, 1 , 24, 139 32:8 (LXX), 118 6, 79, 91 Joshua 6–8, 78 2, 235 6–9, 28, 90, 211 9, 235 6:1–4, 5, 14, 15, 24, 27, 29, 53, 54, 56, 69, 71, 2 Samuel 82, 86, 90, 102, 106, 107, 109, 110, 115, 116, 19:9, 101 117, 118, 120, 122, 123, 125, 136, 137, 138, 2 Kings 139, 148, 149, 151 , 155, 156, 159, 190, 191 , 193, 2:11, 139 198, 202, 205, 206, 207, 209, 211, 212, 213, 22:8–20, 57 216, 220, 221 , 222, 223, 224, 225, 234, 236, Isaiah 267 2:20, 38 6:1–4 (LXX), 107 14, 116 6:2, 57, 208, 211, 214, 217 31:7, 38 6:2 (LXX), 107, 117, 118, 218 44:25–26, 41 6:3–6, 27 46:4, 250 6:4, 214 46:9–11, 41 6:4 (LXX), 107, 117 47:12–13, 41 6:5–7, 90 60:22, 142, 145

300

INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES 301

Jeremiah “Apocalypse of Weeks.” See Epistle of Enoch 10:4, 38 Astronomical Book (1 Enoch 71–82), 3, 17, Ezekiel 18, 41 , 42, 43, 44, 59, 60, 62, 65, 66, 67, 7:19, 38 68, 69, 72, 80, 86, 87, 88, 103, 113, 198, 28, 116 227, 245 28:3–4, 182 4QEnastra, 3 Hosea 1 Enoch 70–77, 248 8:4, 38 1 Enoch 76:5, 77 Zechariah 1 Enoch 76:12, 196 3:1–2, 94 1 Enoch 81:1–82:4, 19 Psalms 1 Enoch 81:5, 196 8:2, 250 1 Enoch 82:1, 196 95:5 (LXX), 161, 165, 168 2 Baruch, 61 , 101 , 116, 169 106:37 (LXX), 165 53, 110 135, 235 54–76, 110 Proverbs 56:5–16, 111 30:1–4, 43 Book of Dreams (1 Enoch 83–90), 17, 59, 60, 61 , Job 64, 65, 72, 74, 80, 81 , 82, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89, 1:6 (LXX), 118 95, 98, 100, 101 , 102, 103, 113, 119, 156, 227, 1:6–2:7, 94 245 2:1 (LXX), 118 1 Enoch 83–84, 78, 91 11:28, 43 1 Enoch 83–90, 59 11:38–40, 43 1 Enoch 83:1, 196 11:5–6, 43 1 Enoch 83:10, 196 28, 40 1 Enoch 84:4, 78 38:7 (LXX), 118 1 Enoch 85–90, 74 Qohelet, 43, 58, 63, 134, 136, 145 1 Enoch 85:1 –2, 196 3:21, 43 1 Enoch 85:5, 76 Daniel, 57, 61 , 62, 63, 71, 101 , 105, 119, 130, 136, 1 Enoch 86–89, 74 140, 207 1 Enoch 86:1–2, 36 1:20, 41 1 Enoch 86:1–3, 75 2–6, 41 1 Enoch 86:1 –89:1, 74 2:16–19, 42 1 Enoch 86:2, 76, 92 2:26–30, 42 1 Enoch 86:4, 212 2:47, 42 1 Enoch 86:6, 77 4:9, 41 , 42 1 Enoch 88–89, 18 5:11, 41 1 Enoch 88:1–3, 75 7–12, 61 1 Enoch 89, 18 Nehemiah 1 Enoch 89:42, 77 9, 104 1 Enoch 89:42–49 (in Codex Vaticanus 1 Chronicles Gr. 1809), 21, 153 21:1. 94 1 Enoch 89:75, 76 1 Enoch 90:2–4, 77 1 Enoch 90:6–7, 72 pre-rabbinic jewish literature 1 Enoch 90:21–24, 74 Book of Giants, 18, 19, 95, 96, 100, 177, 227, 235, 1 QNoah, 100 240, 248, 258, 259, 265 1 QS (Rule of the Community) VIII, 4–10, 73 1 QEnGiantsa ar frag.14, 97 4Q227 (Pseudo–Jubilees) frag.2, 82, 99 2QEnGiants ar, 96 4Q510 (Songs of the Sagea)I,5, 164 4QEnGiantsa, 19 4QAgesCreat (Ages of Creation) frag. 1 4QEnGiantsa ar frag.1, 2, 97 7–10, 97 4QEnGiantsa ar frag.7 I, 6, 97 “Animal Apocalypse.” See Book of Dreams 4QEnGiantsa ar frag.7A–8, 96

302 INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES

Book of Giants (cont.) 1 Enoch 6:19 (in Syncellus), 230 4QEnGiantsa ar frag.8, 5, 97 1 Enoch 7, 30, 31 , 32, 35, 91 4QEnGiantsb II, 21–III, 11, 96 1 Enoch 7–8, 32 4QEnGiantsb II, 4–10, 96 1 Enoch 7:1, 30, 32, 34, 37, 75, 90, 104, 109, 6QpapEnGiants ar II, 96 114, 164, 175, 177 Book of the Watchers, 1 , 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 1 Enoch 7:2, 30 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 53, 56, 57, 59, 60, 1 Enoch 7:2–5, 31 , 90 61 , 62, 63, 66, 67, 68, 69, 74, 80, 81 , 82, 84, 1 Enoch 7:2–6, 28 85, 86, 87, 88, 93, 95, 98, 100, 101 , 102, 103, 1 Enoch 7:3, 75 113, 119, 120, 121 , 122, 123, 126, 128, 129, 133, 1 Enoch 7:3–5, 30, 31 , 91 , 92 135, 138, 140, 142, 145, 148, 149, 152, 154, 1 Enoch 7:6, 30 157, 160, 170, 186, 188, 191 , 193, 194, 197, 1 Enoch 7:8, 104 206, 210, 212, 218, 220, 226, 227, 228, 229, 1 Enoch 7:24, 92 236, 246, 273, 274, 275, 276 1 Enoch 8, 28, 30, 31 , 32, 33, 35, 36, 40, 51 , 75, 4QEna, 19, 96 114, 176, 177, 179, 195, 229, 236 4QEna IV, 1–2, 32 1 Enoch 8:1, 31 , 32, 38, 72, 178 4QEna IV, 5, 42 1 Enoch 8:1–2, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 90, 4QEnb, 17, 100 112, 114, 164, 176, 183, 257, 263, 266 4QEnb III, 2, 32 1 Enoch 8:1 –2, 28, 38 4QEnb III, 5, 42 1 Enoch 8:1–2 (in Syncellus), 257 4QEnc, 19, 100 1 Enoch 8:1–3, 28, 75, 90 4QEnd, 100 1 Enoch 8:2–3, 114, 175 4QEne, 100 1 Enoch 8:2, 32, 40, 178, 268 1 Enoch 1–5, 24, 45 1 Enoch 8:3, 31 , 32, 34, 37, 41 , 42, 49, 92, 109, 1 Enoch 1:1 –32:6 (in Codex Panopolitanus), 164, 177, 183, 257 7 1 Enoch 8:4–9:3, 7 1 Enoch 1:3–9, 196 1 Enoch 8:4–9:11, 28 1 Enoch 1:9, 4, 105 1 Enoch 8:4, 28, 30, 31 1 Enoch 2–5, 41 , 163 1 Enoch 9, 28 1 Enoch 2:1, 41 , 163 1 Enoch 9–10, 50, 75 1 Enoch 2:2, 41 1 Enoch 9:10, 30, 33 1 Enoch 2:3–5:1, 41 1 Enoch 9:1–10:15 (in Syncellus), 230 1 Enoch 3:1–4:1, 163 1 Enoch 9:6–10, 28, 30, 32, 36 1 Enoch 5:1, 41 , 163 1 Enoch 9:6–7, 33, 34 1 Enoch 5:4–9, 41 1 Enoch 9:6, 28, 33, 75, 90, 183 1 Enoch 6, 90, 104, 114, 116, 225, 254 1 Enoch 9:7, 33, 34, 164 1 Enoch 6–7, 27, 28, 34, 36 1 Enoch 9:8, 33, 34, 164 1 Enoch 6–8, 35 1 Enoch 9:9, 30, 33, 90 1 Enoch 6–9, 74 1 Enoch 10, 75, 98, 150, 156 1 Enoch 6–11, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 34, 35, 1 Enoch 10–11, 72, 74 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41 , 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 1 Enoch 10:1 –3, 28 48, 49, 50, 53, 63, 71, 75, 78, 90, 91 , 98, 113, 1 Enoch 10:4–5, 91 253, 256, 257, 268 1 Enoch 10:7, 183 1 Enoch 6–16, 4, 5, 27, 39, 45, 50, 51 , 71, 74, 1 Enoch 10:7–8, 75 86, 88, 89, 90, 96, 102, 103, 106, 116, 161, 1 Enoch 10:7–8, 28 177, 178, 183, 187, 215, 218 1 Enoch 10:9–10, 91 1 Enoch 6:1–2, 52 1 Enoch 10:9–16, 173 1 Enoch 6:1 –8, 28 1 Enoch 10:11–11:2, 28 1 Enoch 6:1 –10:15 (in Syncellus), 7 1 Enoch 10:12–13, 109, 116 1 Enoch 6:2, 118 1 Enoch 10:13–14, 149 1 Enoch 6:3–6, 31 1 Enoch 11–12, 115 1 Enoch 6:3–7, 34 1 Enoch 12, 242 1 Enoch 6:6. 48, 90 1 Enoch 12–13, 150, 158

INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES 303

1 Enoch 12–16, 24, 25, 26, 39, 44, 45, 46, 48, 1 Enoch 17–18, 50 49, 50, 63, 64, 65, 75, 92, 96, 104, 113, 172, 1 Enoch 17–19, 25, 45, 47, 49 182, 257 1 Enoch 17–36, 41 , 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 88, 103 1 Enoch 12:1, 36 1 Enoch 17:2, 48 1 Enoch 12:1–2, 47, 52 1 Enoch 17:3, 49 1 Enoch 12:1–6, 48 1 Enoch 18:15, 50 1 Enoch 12:3–13:3, 48 1 Enoch 19, 103 1 Enoch 12:3–4, 58 1 Enoch 19:1, 38, 77, 93, 114, 164 1 Enoch 12:3–6, 44, 47 1 Enoch 19:1–2, 49, 50, 51 , 90 1 Enoch 12:4, 45, 92 1 Enoch 19:3, 148, 197 1 Enoch 12:4–6, 173 1 Enoch 20–36, 18, 25, 45, 49, 51 1 Enoch 12:4–13:3, 44 1 Enoch 23–36, 88 1 Enoch 13, 64 1 Enoch 24–25, 51 1 Enoch 13:1, 45, 75 1 Enoch 26:9–27:7 (in Syncellus), 7 1 Enoch 13:1–2, 44, 46, 47, 183 1 Enoch 32:6, 49, 51 , 166 1 Enoch 13:2, 47, 48, 164 Damascus Document, 95, 104 1 Enoch 13:3–14:25, 46, 48 CDAI,7–9, 73 1 Enoch 13:3–4, 47, 48 CD A II, 14–17, 99 1 Enoch 13:4, 70 CDAIV,12–18, 99 1 Enoch 13:7–14:7, 47 CDAV,17–19, 99 1 Enoch 13:8, 48 CDAXVI,3, 100 1 Enoch 14, 5, 64, 242 4Q266 2 II, 13–17, 99 1 Enoch 14:1, 88 4Q266 2 II, 17–19, 99 1 Enoch 14:3, 48 2 Enoch, 3, 4, 103, 110, 113, 119, 188, 198, 227, 1 Enoch 14:6–7, 70 246, 247, 277 1 Enoch 14:8–24, 47, 48 7:3, 103 1 Enoch 15, 65, 73, 90 7:5, 103 1 Enoch 15–16, 45, 48, 94, 163 18:1–2, 103 1 Enoch 15:1, 58 18:2–5, 104 1 Enoch 15:1–12, 47 18:8–9, 104 1 Enoch 15:2, 48 19:17–19, 104 1 Enoch 15:2–12, 92 22–23, 246 1 Enoch 15:2–16:4, 44 30:16, 52 1 Enoch 15:3, 45, 70 Epistle of Enoch (1 Enoch 91–105/6/7), 7, 17, 1 Enoch 15:3–4, 65, 163 18, 61 , 64, 65, 74, 81 , 82, 84, 87, 88, 89, 95, 1 Enoch 15:4–7, 45 100, 101 , 102, 103, 113, 152, 156, 227, 230, 1 Enoch 15:6, 45 245, 276 1 Enoch 15:8, 46, 77 4QEnc (I–II), 79 1 Enoch 15:8–12, 173 1 Enoch 91–105, 17 1 Enoch 15:8–16:1 , 90, 93 1 Enoch 91:1 –2, 196 1 Enoch 15:8–16:2 (in Syncellus), 7, 230 1 Enoch 91:11–17, 74, 77 1 Enoch 15:9, 46 1 Enoch 91:15, 78 1 Enoch 15:9–12, 45 1 Enoch 92–105, 19, 59, 72 1 Enoch 15:10, 46 1 Enoch 93:10, 64 1 Enoch 15:11–12, 46 1 Enoch 93:1–10, 74, 77 1 Enoch 16, 48 1 Enoch 93:2, 64 1 Enoch 16:1, 46, 94 1 Enoch 93:3–4, 77 1 Enoch 16:2, 48 1 Enoch 93:9–10, 72 1 Enoch 16:2–3, 46, 47, 183 1 Enoch 94:8, 64 1 Enoch 16:3, 45, 75, 184 1 Enoch 96:5, 64 1 Enoch 16:3–4, 48 1 Enoch 98:4, 78, 95 1 Enoch 16:6–10, 70 1 Enoch 106, 79 1 Enoch 17, 25 1 Enoch 106–7, 79, 91 , 96

304 INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES

4 Ezra, 61 , 144, 146 5:13, 91 3:7, 52 5:13–18, 91 3:14–22, 101 5:15–16, 91 3:21–22, 52, 101 5:17–18, 91 , 98 3:25–26, 101 5:20–32, 90 4:30, 52, 101 7:20–21, 38 7:118, 52, 101 7:20–23, 91 14, 196 7:20–39, 87, 89, 92 14:26, 135 7:21, 91 , 92 14:45–47, 143 7:22–23, 92 14:46, 135 8:2–3, 92 63–66, 52 8:2–4, 89 Genesis Apocryphon 8:3, 92 II–V, 79 8:5, 93 II, 1 , 91 , 96 10, 89, 164 II, 16, 79 10:1 –17, 87 Flavius Josephus 10:5, 93 Against Apion 1.37–43, 134 10:7–9, 94 Jewish Antiquities 1.69–70, 93 10:10–11, 94 Jewish Antiquities 1.72–74, 222 10:12, 94 Jewish Antiquities 1.73, 107 10:13–14, 94 Jewish Antiquities 1.85, 82 10:1–6, 93 Jewish Antiquities 9.28, 82 11:4–5, 93, 94 Jewish Antiquities 17–20, 86 21:10, 87 Jewish War 2.165, 142 1 Maccabees 2:51–61, 104 Jewish War 2.254–65, 86 2 Maccabees 2:13–15, 130 Jubilees, 82, 85, 87, 118, 120, 122, 133, 134, 169, Philo of Alexandria 186, 258, 268, 276 De Abrahamo 17–19, 82 1:1–7, 145 De mutatione nominum 33–34, 82 2:23, 134 De posteritate Caini 43–43, 82 3, 89 De praemiis et poenis 10–27, 82 4, 88, 100, 233 Quaestiones et solutiones in Genesin 82–86, 4–5, 89 82 4:15–26, 87 Pseudo–Eupolemus 4:15, 90, 214 apud Eusebius Praeparatio evangelica 4:17–18, 87, 88 9.17.8–9, 107 4:17–19, 82 Pseudo–Philo, Liber antiquitatum biblicarum, 4:17–22, 81 260 4:18–19, 87, 88 1.15–17, 82 4:21, 100 Sibylline Oracles 1.90–103, 108 4:21–22, 88, 94, 158 Similitudes of Enoch (1 Enoch 37–71), 4, 17, 4:22, 90 113, 120, 227, 246, 247, 276 4:23–25, 87 1 Enoch 54:6, 115 4:27–28, 92 1 Enoch 55–58, 77 4:30, 52 1 Enoch 61:10–12, 248 4:33, 92 1 Enoch 64:2, 114 5, 90 1 Enoch 65:11, 114 5–7, 90 1 Enoch 65:6, 176 5:1 , 91 1 Enoch 65:6–7, 114 5:1 –10, 87 1 Enoch 66–69, 77 5:2, 90, 91 1 Enoch 67:4, 114 5:6, 91 1 Enoch 69, 115 5:7–10, 91 1 Enoch 70–71, 246, 256

INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES 305

Wisdom of Solomon 15:21–22, 52 4:10–15, 82 19–21, 165 13:10, 38 2 Corinthians 11:13–15, 176 Wisdom of Ben Sira, 43, 57, 59, 60, 70, 71, 81 , 1 Timothy 4:1, 176 84, 143, 239 2 Timothy 3:16, 196 3:20–21, 141 Epistle to the Hebrews 11, 82, 104, 158 3:21–22, 43 2 Peter 15:14, 52 2:4, 106, 173 15:17, 52 2:9–10, 106 16:7, 70 3:18–20, 110 16:7–9, 104, 210 Epistle of Jude 20:20, 43 5–8, 104 25:24, 52 6, 104, 163 33:14–15, 101 7, 104, 210 34:1 –8, 43 14–15, 20, 105 39:1–3, 70 Revelation 41:4, 43 2:10, 116 44:16, 69, 82, 158 9:1, 116 44–50, 104 9:2, 165 49:14, 69, 82, 158 12:9, 116 20:2, 116 new testament 20:2–3, 116 Gospel of Matthew late antique and medieval 4:24, 187 literature 5:17, 153 7:12, 153 Aggadat Bereshit, 235, 260, 262, 264, 265, 266, 8:16, 187 267 8:28–33, 187 Apocalypse of Abraham 9:32–34, 187 14:4, 98 12:22–28, 187 14:5, 98 17:15–20, 187 Athanasius Gospel of Mark Epistulae festales 39, 200, 220, 229 1:32–39, 187 Historia Arianorum 78.1, 200 5:6–16, 187 Athenagoras, Legatio pro Christianis 7:26–30, 187 24, 152 16:9, 187 24–26, 152, 175 Gospel of Luke Augustine 4:33–41, 187 De civitate Dei 14, 52 8:2, 187 De civitate Dei 15, 15, 188, 202, 203, 218, 220 8:27–36, 187 De civitate Dei 18.37–38, 202, 203 9:38–43, 187 Enarrationes in Psalmos 196, 124 10:18, 116 Bar Hebraeus 3, 225, 229 11:14–20, 187 Bereshit Rabbati, 208, 259, 260, 262, 265, 266, 24:47, 153 267 Gospel of John 9:7, 101 1:45, 153 26:4, 101 10:18, 184 Johannes Cassianus, Collatio 7.20, 202 Acts of the Apostles 28:23, 153 Cedrenus. 1.19.2–20.2, 229 Romans 5:12, 52, 101 Chronicle of Yerah. meel, 235, 260 1 Corinthians 25, 258, 259 11:10, 178 72.1, 260 15:21–22, 101 87–100, 260

306 INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES

1 Clement 26:5–7, 209 9–10, 158 26:7, 211, 215, 216 Clement of Alexandria 27:4, 211 Eclogae propheticae 2.1, 148, 152 34:8, 38 Eclogae propheticae 53.4, 148, 175, 182 50:7, 211 Paedagogus 3.2, 178 65:21, 208 Stromata 1.7.81, 183, 184 91:3, 143 Stromata 1.12, 184 Hermian, Irrisio 1, 183 Stromata 1.16.80, 183 Ignatius, To the Magnesians 10.3, 124 Stromata 3.7.59, 178 Irenaeus Stromata 5.1.10, 48, 148, 182, 184 Adversus haereses 1.6.3, 176 Stromata 6.8.66, 183 Adversus haereses 1.10.1, 149, 150, 152 Stromata 6.17.159, 183 Adversus haereses 1.15.6, 98, 175, 177 Commodian, Instructiones 3, 175, 176, 178 Adversus haereses 1.27.3, 158 Cyprian Adversus haerese 3.2.2, 177 De habitu virginum 13–14, 180 Adversus haereses 3.11.9, 200 Quod idola dii non sint 6, 175 Adversus haereses 3.12.12, 176 Cyril of Alexandria, Contra Julianum 9, Adversus haereses 4.16.2, 148, 158 199 Adversus haereses 4.36.4, 104, 150 Didascalia Apostolorum 26, 124 Adversus haereses 5.5.1, 158 3 Enoch (Sefer Hekhalot), 4, 235, 238, 243, 244, Adversus haereses 5.26.2, 176 245, 246, 248 Adversus haereses 13.4, 176 1, 249 Adversus haereses 16.1, 176 1–2, 244 Adversus haereses 21.1, 176 3–15, 249, 256 Adversus haereses 25.3, 176 3–16, 236, 239 Adversus haereses 27.4, 176 4, 239, 249, 250, 251, 252, 254, 256, 261, 263 Epideixis tou apostolikou kerygmatos 5, 239, 249, 256, 261, 263, 267, 268, 270 18, 175, 176, 177 6, 251, 257 Jerome 7, 257 Commentariorum in Habacuc 2.3, 217 23–43, 244 De viris illustribus 4, 204 43–44, 249 De viris illustribus 54, 217 64–79, 255 Justin Martyr Ephraim 1 Apologia 5, 166, 170 Commentary on Genesis 6:3, 211 1 Apologia 15, 166 Hymns on Paradise 1.11, 225 1 Apologia 21, 172 Epistle of Barnabas 1 Apologia 25, 172 4, 148 1 Apologia 32.4–6, 167 4:3, 152, 229 1 Apologia 35.6, 167 16:6, 20 1 Apologia 38.7–8, 167 Esther Rabbah 7:9, 211 1 Apologia 40.6, 167 Eusebius, Historia ecclesiastica 1 Apologia 41, 165 3.25.1–7, 204 1 Apologia 44, 173 4.26.13–14, 134, 145 1 Apologia 45, 173 6.17, 217 1 Apologia 46, 172 6.25, 145, 204 1 Apologia 47–49, 167 7.32.19, 148, 198 1 Apologia 52, 173 Genesis Rabbah 1 Apologia 53.2–3, 167 1:1, 145 1 Apologia 54, 166 17:2, 52 1 Apologia 54–55, 172 19:7, 209 1 Apologia 56, 166 25:1, 138, 139, 234 1 Apologia 58, 166 26:5, 137, 208, 209, 210, 211 1 Apologia 62, 166

INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES 307

1 Apologia 63, 169 Dialogus cum Tryphone 131, 169, 170, 173 1 Apologia 67.3–4, 153 Dialogus cum Tryphone 132, 168 1 Apologia 69–70, 172 Dialogus cum Tryphone 133, 165, 167, 168 2 Apologia 1.2, 162, 165 Dialogus cum Tryphone 135, 168 2 Apologia 1.7, 165 Dialogus cum Tryphone 137, 173 2 Apologia 4, 162 Dialogus cum Tryphone 141, 174 2 Apologia 5, 162, 164, 166 Lactanius, Divinarum institutionum VII, 174, 2 Apologia 6, 170, 171 , 172, 174 175 2 Apologia 8, 170, 171 , 173 Leviticus Rabbah 2 Apologia 9, 172 23:9, 211 2 Apologia 10, 170, 171 28:1, 134 2 Apologia 12, 172 29:11, 139, 234 2 Apologia 13, 171 John Malalas, Chronographia, 225 2 Apologia 14, 172 Michael Syrus, Chronicle 2 Apologia 15, 172 1.1, 225 Dialogus cum Tryphone 11, 167 1.3, 225, 229 Dialogus cum Tryphone 16.4, 167 1.4, 225 Dialogus cum Tryphone 17, 167, 168, 169 Midrash Aggadah Genesis 5:25, 236 Dialogus cum Tryphone 18, 167, 168 Midrash ha–Gadol Dialogus cum Tryphone 19, 158, 165, 167, 168 Genesis 5:24, 139 Dialogus cum Tryphone 20, 167 Genesis 6:4, 212 Dialogus cum Tryphone 23, 158, 160, 167 Midrash Petirat Moshe Rabbenu, 261, 263 Dialogus cum Tryphone 25.5, 167 Midrash Vayyosch, 267 Dialogus cum Tryphone 26, 167, 169 Minucius Felix, Octavius 26–27, 175 Dialogus cum Tryphone 27, 165, 168 Mishnah Dialogus cum Tryphone 28, 173 Berakhot 1:5, 142 Dialogus cum Tryphone 30, 168, 170, 173 Berakhot 5:2, 142 Dialogus cum Tryphone 32.3, 167 Berakhot 9:5, 142 Dialogus cum Tryphone 43, 158, 160, 167 H. agigah 2:1, 140, 141 , 142, 207 Dialogus cum Tryphone 44, 167 Baba Metzia 4, 209 Dialogus cum Tryphone 45, 158, 160, 168 Sanhedrin 10:1, 134, 140, 142, 144, 145, 150, Dialogus cum Tryphone 46, 167, 168 207 Dialogus cum Tryphone 49, 170, 173 Sanhedrin 11, 209 Dialogus cum Tryphone 55, 165, 168 Eduyot 5:3, 134 Dialogus cum Tryphone 73, 165, 168 Yadayim 3:5, 134, 145 Dialogus cum Tryphone 76, 168 Yadayim 4:6, 146 Dialogus cum Tryphone 78, 170, 173 Numbers Rabbah Dialogus cum Tryphone 79, 137, 165, 216 5:3, 211 Dialogus cum Tryphone 83, 165, 168, 170 9:24, 211 Dialogus cum Tryphone 85.3, 173 20:2, 211 Dialogus cum Tryphone 91, 168, 170 Origen Dialogus cum Tryphone 92, 158, 160, 167 Commentary on John 6.25, 148, 197 Dialogus cum Tryphone 93.4, 167 Commentary on Matthew 79, 194 Dialogus cum Tryphone 95, 168 Contra Celsum 5.52–55, 148 Dialogus cum Tryphone 96, 169 Contra Celsus 5.52, 198 Dialogus cum Tryphone 100, 168 Contra Celsus 5.54, 198, 199 Dialogus cum Tryphone 102, 174 Contra Celsus 5.55, 220 Dialogus cum Tryphone 103.2, 167 Epistula ad Africanum 13, 204, 205 Dialogus cum Tryphone 104.1, 167 Homilies on Jeremiah 12.13, 194 Dialogus cum Tryphone 108, 167, 169 Homilies on Leviticus 5.8, 124 Dialogus cum Tryphone 119, 165, 168 Homilies on Numbers 28, 15, 20, 148 Dialogus cum Tryphone 121, 170 On First Principles 1.3.3, 20, 148, 197 Dialogus cum Tryphone 125, 170, 173 On First Principles 4.4.8, 20, 148, 152, 197

308 INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES

Panodorus, 224, 225, 229 Rosh ha–Shanah 5a, 146 Pesiqta de Rab Kahana 23:10, 139 Rosh ha–Shanah 11b–12a, 262, 264 Pesiqta Rabbati 34.2, 261 Rosh ha–Shanah 15a, 146 Pirqe de Rabbi Eliezer Megillah 7a, 134 6–8, 264 H. agigah 11b, 141 8, 236, 264 H. agigah 13a, 134 22, 208, 211, 212, 213, 222, 255, 260, H. agigah 15a, 246, 251 262 Qiddushin 30b, 101 Priscillian, Liberdeﬁde44–45, 200 Baba Batra 14b, 130, 145 Pseudo–Clementine Homilies Sanhedrin 20a, 52 8, 248 Sanhedrin 38a–b, 210 8.7–8, 261, 264 Sanhedrin 38b, 250, 251, 252 8.12–13, 75 Sanhedrin 56a–57a, 38 8.12–18, 128 Sanhedrin 108a, 210 Pseudo–Clementine Recognitions Abodah Zarah 3b, 251 1.29, 128 Menahot 65a, 146 4.26–27, 128 H. ullin 91 b, 208 Qohelet Rabbah Niddah 61 a, 215, 216, 235, 263 7:11, 143 Talmud Yerushalmi (Palestinian Talmud) 7:15, 138 Berakhot 11b, 143 Rashi H. agigah 77a, 141 on b. Niddah 61 a, 261 Nazir 54b, 143 on Numbers 13:3, 261 Sanhedrin 72, 52 Ruﬁnus, Expositio symboli apostolorum Targum Neophyti 36–38, 199 Genesis 6:2, 213 Seder Hadar Zeqenim, 262 Genesis 6:4, 213 Sifre Deuteronomy, 210 Targum Onqelos Genesis 5:24, 139, 234 43, 210, 211 Targum Pseudo–Jonathan 310, 211 Genesis 5:24, 236 311, 209 Genesis 6:1, 211 Sifre Numbers 86, 209 Genesis 6:3, 213 George Syncellus, Ecloga Chronographica, Genesis 6:4, 213 42 Tertullian 11.19, 2, 257 Adversus Iudaeos 4, 158 11.19–13.19, 7, 229 Apologeticus 22, 152 14.1–14, 185, 229 Apologeticus 35.12, 175 19.24–20.4, 217, 219 De cultu feminarum 1.1, 179 24.6–9, 229 De cultu feminarum 1.2, 179, 181 , 195 24.7–8, 230 De cultu feminarum 1.2–3, 196 24.10–27.7, 7, 229 De cultu feminarum 1.3, 15, 138, 148, 179, 27.11, 230 195, 196 40.31 –41.9, 93 De cultu feminarum 2.10, 148, 180, 53–56, 93 196 Talmud Bavli (Babylonian Talmud) De cultu feminarum 3.1–3, 20 Berakhot 48a, 143 De idololatria 15.6, 148, 152, 202 Berakhot 61 a, 101 De idololatria 4.2, 148 Shabbat 13b, 134 De idololatria 4.2–3, 20, 152 Shabbat 30b, 134 De idololatria 4.3, 148 Shabbat 31 a, 10 De idololatria 4:2–3, 175 Shabbat 100a, 134 De idololatria 9.1, 175 Eruvin 54b, 10 De virginibus velandis 7, 178 Yoma 67b, 216, 235, 252, 254, 263 De virginibus velandis 8, 178 Sukkah 52b, 101 Testament of Abraham [B] 11:3–10, 82

INDEX OF PRIMARY SOURCES 309

Testaments of the 12 Patriarchs Zohar Testament of Benjamin 9:1, 82, 112 I 37b, 233 Testament of Benjamin 10:6, 82 I 72b, 233 Testament of Dan 5:6, 82, 112 II 248b, 233 Testament of Judah 18:1, 112 II 253b, 233 Testament of Levi 10:5, 20, 82, 112 II 55a, 233 Testament of Levi 14:1, 20, 82, 112 Testament of Naphtali 2–3, 112 other sources Testament of Naphtali 3:5, 163 Testament of Naphtali 4:1, 82, 112 al-Tabari, History 1.173, 233 Testament of Reuben 5, 104, 210 Cologne Mani Codex 58:6–60:7, 247 Testament of Reuben 5:4–6, 112 Diodorus Siculus 5.64.4–5, 40 Testament of Reuben 5:5–7, 75 Hesiod, Opera et dies Testament of Reuben 5:6, 212 109–74, 108 Testament of Simeon 5:4, 20, 82, 112 109–201, 38 Testament of Zebulun 3, 112, 113 Iamblichus, De mysteriis 8.5, 93 Tosefta Naveh and Shaked, ed., AMB Berakhot 1:12, 142 A 1:1, 252 Berakhot 3:9, 142 A 1:1 –3, 252 Berakhot 7:21, 142 A 7:3, 252 Sotah 3:2, 211 A 7a:2–5, 252 Sanhedrin 12:9–10, 142 Naveh and Shaked, ed., MSF 207 H. ullin 10:6, 142 A 19:23, 252 Miqvaot 7:1, 208 Pliny, Naturalis historia 7.61, 40 Yadayim 2:14, 134 Prometheus Bound 484–500, 40 Yadayim 2:19, 146 Quran, 262 Yalqut Reubeni 25b–25c, 263 2.102 (Al-Baqarah), 255 Yalqut Shimoni, 235, 258 Raymundi Martini, Pugio Fidei, 258

Subject Index

1 Enoch. See also Mas.h. afa Henok Nabiy in anti-Christian polemics. 198–99 Aramaic fragments of. 3–4, 7, 17–18, 61 , 100, oral traditions about. 11, 29, 119, 151 , 177, 113, 233 188, 212, 238 as collection. 3, 8, 17–19, 57, 61 post-Talmudic Jewish approaches to. history of scholarship on. 2–5, 26, 28–29, 212–13, 238–40, 249, 251, 255, 258–59, 261, 34, 57 266, 274 prehistory of. 18–20, 230 angelic sin. 28, 45, 47, 75, 236, 264 as epistemological transgression. 31 –33, 46, Abba Saul. 145 48–49, 65 Abel. 76 as intermarriage. 76, 92–93, 95 Abraham. 54, 108, 158, 202 as sexual transgression. 6, 28, 31 , 34–35, 37, Adam. 76, 262 45, 50, 64, 86, 90–92, 96, 102, 114, 119, 122, and Christ. 166, 188 178, 262 in Jewish mysticism. 269–70 as transgression of proper roles. 24, 45, 116, Adam and Eve. 49, 76, 90, 101 , 166 163, 164 disobedience of. 51 angelology in geneology of error. 52, 81 , 85, 89, 101 , 110, and magic. 235, 252–53 111, 115–16, 166–67, 179, 188, 220 Jewish. 115, 138, 209–10, 235, 248, 251 adjuration angels. See also fallen angels of angels. 243, 253–54, 268 accusing. 251, 252, 257, 263 of celestial bodies. 267 and stars. 264, 268 Ah. iram. 96 free will of. 111, 168, 174 alchemy. 184, 229 gatekeeping. 251 Alexander of Macedon. 59 heavenly. 25, 28, 33, 36, 45, 50, 75, 250–51 , amulets. 207, 252 256, 261 Anakim. 215, 262–63 interpreting. 110, 243 angelic descent rivalry with humans. 213, 236, 250–52, 257, and anti-Christian polemics. 220 261–64 and anti-pagan polemics. 160, 164–65, 169, veneration of. 138, 251 172, 174–75, 186, 190 Annianus. 224–25, 229 and origins of evil. 25, 37, 49, 51 , 86, 101 , 114, Antiochus IV. 60, 73, 85 120, 160, 163–64 apocalyptic literature. 26, 149 chronology of. 35–37, 75, 112, 257, 261 and Astronomical Book. 62 euhemeristic interpretation of. 225, 229 and book of Daniel. 61 –63, 140 for positive aims. 89, 90, 120, 261 and Book of the Watchers. 3, 63, 112 historiographical appeal to. 108 and Hekhalot literature. 5, 238, 241–43, 245, human culpability for. 111 246, 269

310

SUBJECT INDEX 311

and Wisdom literature. 42–43, 63 Azza(h)/Uzza(h). 235, 236, 249, 252, 253, 257, history of scholarship on. 3, 61 –62, 70, 275 263–64, 267–68 Rabbinic attitudes towards. 140–42, 207 as heavenly angels. 250, 251, 253 social settings of. 58, 61 , 62, 67, 70, 240–41 , as teachers. 256–57, 267 275 punishment of. 265 apocalypticism. 62, 140, 240, 275 apocrypha. 134, 199–200, 271 Bar Kokhba Revolt. 85, 124, 137, 140, 161, 167, apology, apologetics 190, 191 Christian. 161–62, 171 –74, 185 Baraq’el. 97 Jewish. 107, 185 Bardaisan. 149, 222 Aquila. 205, 213, 216–18, 226 Baruch. 54, 110 Asael, Azael. 236, 239, 252–54, 259, 266, 267–68 Belial. 98, 99 and human sin. 37, 47, 76, 81 , 263 Bogomils. 98, 277 and Prometheus. 39 Book of the Watchers and similarly named angels/demons. 97, and etiology of evil. 51 , 53, 164, 166, 186 98, 177, 235, 236, 250, 252–53, 256, 257, 263, and Greco-Roman culture. 38, 39, 60, 109 265, 267 and Hekhalot literature. 15, 68, 238, 242, as accusing angel. 261 245, 246 as culture-hero. 34–35, 38, 40 and the Epistle of Jude. 4, 15, 104–5, 119, 193, as ﬁrst angel to descend. 35, 36, 75, 76, 257 196, 200–2, 204 as heavenly angel. 250–53, 261 authority of. 56, 57, 84, 94, 98, 105, 126, 136, as leader of fallen angels. 28 189, 193, 218, 227, 276 as one of the Nephilim. 214–16 authors/redactors of. 14, 44, 55, 56, 58, 59, as teacher. 6, 28, 30, 31 , 33, 37, 40, 45, 112, 64–69, 273, 276 164, 178–79, 236, 256–57, 266–68 circulation and transmission of. 119, 148, paired with Semihˇ . azah/Semhˇ . azai. 28, 185, 188 213–15, 235, 236, 240, 263, 267, 268 Jewish back-borrowing of. 13, 16, 191 , 257, punishment of. 265 258, 268, 270, 274 rebuke of. 44, 48 polysemy of. 16, 27, 29, 34, 35, 37, 45, 46, 51 , Asb’el. 114 52, 63, 183 Asia Minor. 108, 119, 156, 188, 199 priestly interests of. 64, 65 Asterah. 261, 264 quotations and allusions to. 86, 113, 119, astronomy, astrology. 67, 68, 109, 223, 264 129, 133, 148, 179, 194, 197 as angelic teaching. 109, 175, 177, 181 , 187, readers of. 14, 82, 276 220, 224, 268 redaction of. 11, 16, 17, 21, 24–27, 29, 34, 35, as invention of Sethians. 32, 224 42, 49, 50 Athanasius. 197, 199–204, 220, 228, 229, 273, scribal interests of. 44 275 textual identity of. 17, 20, 21 Athenagoras. 119, 152, 188, 204, 229 atonement. 97–98, 252 Cain, Cainites. 38, 76, 221 , 225, 265, 267 Augustine. 52, 188–89, 198, 202–3, 205, 217, Cainan. 89, 92, 93 218, 220–21, 227, 273 Cairo Genizah. 249, 252 authorship calendar, calendrical issues. 66, 68, 101 , 133, in Christianity. 22 141 , 224, 264 in Judaism. 54, 55, 234 Canaan. 215 premodern. 10, 23 Canaanites. 71 Awim. 215 canon, canonization. 129, 132 Azael. See Asael history of scholarship on. 130–32 Azazel. 97, 98, 115, 252, 255, 264 in Christianity. 15, 120, 132, 189, 199, 200 and Asael/Azael. 97, 98, 116, 177, 235, 252, in Judaism. 18, 129–31 , 133, 140, 143, 145 263, 265, 267, 271 prehistory of. 55–56, 131 , 133–34, 155, 199 and Satan. 177, 178 relationship between Jewish and Christian. Azaz¯ ´l. 255 15, 155, 193, 202, 204, 205

312 SUBJECT INDEX

canonical consciousness. 16, 134, 135, 145, 155, Cainites as. 38 197, 200 fallen angels as. 34, 35, 38, 40, 108–9 Cedrenus. 225, 272 Greco-Roman traditions about. 39, 109, 184 Celsus. 148, 198, 199, 220 Sethians as. 224–25 Chester Beatty-Michigan Papyrus XII. 7, 19, Cyprian. 149, 178, 180, 181 , 188 72, 230 Cyril of Alexandria. 199, 217–18, 223 Christ. 162, 166, 173 and demons. 172–74, 187 daimones, 40, 163, 165, 186 and Enoch. 150 Dee, John. 2 and fallen angels. 110, 150, 156, 172–74 demonology and Seth. 224 and magic. 115, 166, 177, 235, 252 as Logos. 162, 170–74 Christian. 15, 161, 163, 166, 172, 173, 175, 179, Incarnation of. 170, 173 181 , 186, 187 pre-Christian witnesses to. 152–55, 159 Jewish. 115, 164 Christian Kabbalah. 2, 231 demons. 77, 89, 95, 173, 215 Christianity and fallen angels. 49, 50, 100, 152, 163, 174, and Greco-Roman culture. 147, 160–62, 165, 175 166, 168, 170, 171 , 174, 185, 186, 190, 221 and heretics. 176, 177, 187 attitudes towards Jews in. 124, 156, 159, 161, and idolatry. 49–51 , 93, 94, 114, 168 162, 166–69, 191 , 192, 194 and pagan gods. 50, 165, 166, 168, 171 , 186 continuities with Judaism. 155, 156, 157, 190, and women. 179 226 as enemies of Christ. 162, 169–70, 172–74, Jewish scriptures in. 15, 126, 135, 147, 152, 155, 179–80, 186 186 as spirits of Giants. 46, 93, 94 origins from Judaism. 122, 123, 126, 127 Christian association with Jews. 168–69 Christology. 110, 150 pagan enslavement to. 162, 165, 166, 168–70, chronography. 223, 257, 272 172, 186 Enochic texts and traditions in. 2, 8, 108, Diadochi. 59, 63 120, 219, 224, 229, 274, 276 Diaspora Judaism. 82, 85, 106, 107, 109, 119, circumcision. 158, 167 122, 135, 228 civilization Diodorus Siculus. 40 as decline. 15, 38, 40, 51 , 76, 92, 179 divination. 40, 89, 109 origins of. 37, 38, 72, 109 as angelic teaching. 32, 37, 49, 93, 120, 177, Clement of Alexandria. 119, 149, 181 –84, 188, 181 204, 229 biblical views of. 41 Codex Panopolitanus. 3, 7, 19, 21, 154, 182, 227, Mesopotamian. 41 230 dyes. 31 , 32, 36, 112, 178, 236, 263, 267, 268 Commodian. 149, 176, 188 Constantine. 191 Edict of Milan. 15 cosmetics, cosmetology. 40 Egypt. 59, 228 and promiscuity. 32, 35, 38, 113, 176, 178–80 Enochic texts and traditions in. 119, 152, as angelic teaching. 37, 38, 112, 164, 176, 180, 156, 188, 201 , 227–31 , 273, 276 181 , 236, 267–68 Elchaasites. 128, 227, 248, 265 cosmology Eleazar ben Asher Ha-Levi. 258–59 and ethics. 24, 67 Elijah. 234 in Enochic literature. 41 , 42, 44, 49, 62, 67, Emim. 215 68, 71, 75, 103, 115, 172 Enoch. 1 , 152, 254 Rabbinic attitudes towards. 140–41 and revealed knowledge. 24, 41 , 42, 48, 49, covenant. 64, 68 60, 61 , 65, 72, 74, 78, 88, 103, 139, 172, 236 Creation. 163, 172 angeliﬁcation of. 251 as protological precedent for Eschaton. 115 as author. 57, 80, 87, 88, 94, 103, 105, 112, in Wisdom literature. 43–44, 71 128, 148, 153, 193, 202, 236 culture-heroes as eschatological witness. 110

SUBJECT INDEX 313

as intercessor for fallen angels. 64, 103, 104 Greek translations of. 7, 105–6, 117, 119, 157, as Metatron. 236, 244–47, 249, 256, 265, 269 189 as pre-Christian Christian. 123, 148, 157, Latin translation of. 7, 21, 153, 157, 189 158, 190 loss to the West. 2, 227, 231, 273 as priest. 64, 65 omission from biblical canons. 120, 198, as prophet. 25, 46, 72, 88, 105, 128, 148, 152, 226 153, 156, 157, 159, 202, 245, 247 preservation of extracts from. 8, 21, 120, 153, as rebuking fallen angels. 25, 44, 45, 48, 90, 154, 157, 224–25, 229, 230, 239, 257, 268, 158 273–74 as righteous apart from the Law. 158, 190 Rabbinic rejection of. 139, 140, 142, 190, 209, as scribe. 48, 54, 58, 65, 80, 87, 88, 230, 245 234, 237, 238, 273 death of. 138–39, 273 Enochic Pentateuch. 18, 19 elevation of. 44, 46–49, 58, 64, 104, 158, 245, Enochic Testament. 19 248–50, 269 Enosh. 213, 222–23, 225, 236, 251, 256–57, 261, escape from death. 69, 156, 158, 190, 219, 236 263 in medieval Judaism. 233, 236, 247, 270 Ephorus of Cyme. 40 in Rabbinic Judaism. 138, 234, 273 Ephraim. 201 , 226 otherworldly journeys of. 3, 5, 25, 46, 48, 51 , Epiphanius. 224 88, 103 epistemology. 14, 60, 62, 71, 75, 81 , 183 Enochic Judaism. 69, 73 eschatology. 62, 71, 72, 74, 80, 243, 269 Enochic literary tradition. 55, 66, 112, 246 and protology. 72 and 3 Enoch, 238, 239, 243–46, 249, 251, 256, and sexual ethics. 180 257 Christian. 150, 173 and Jubilees. 87, 88, 90, 94 in apocalyptic literature. 62, 240 eschatology in. 60, 62, 72, 74, 79 Rabbinic. 140, 142, 208 place of 2 Enoch in. 103, 104 Essenes. 85, 135, 142 place of Astronomical Book in. 65, 67 Ethiopia place of Book of Dreams in. 60, 61 –65, 71, Aksumite Kingdom. 8 72, 79–82, 84 Enochic texts and traditions in. 3, 4, 8, 17, place of Book of the Giants in. 96 120, 135, 227, 230–32, 273, 276–77 place of Book of the Watchers in. 73, 113, 118 Eve. See also Adam and Eve place of Epistle of Enoch in. 60, 61 , 63, 64, 65, seduction of. 114, 115, 179 71, 72, 79–82, 84 evil place of Similitudes in. 113 and human responsibility. 37, 76–78, 174 scientiﬁc interests in. 67, 68, 81 , 103 pre-Rabbinic Jewish approaches to. 14, 76, social settings of. 63, 68–70, 72–73, 80, 95, 100, 101 240 problem of. 3, 35, 37, 81 , 85, 94, 116, 165–66, Enochic literature 186 and Mesopotamian traditions. 67–69 supernatural etiology of. 25, 28, 49–51 , 53, and the Torah. 18, 40, 64, 89, 112, 139 73, 163–64, 169 at Qumran. 61 , 129 evil inclination. 6, 101 , 261 authority of. 9, 15, 52, 80, 88, 100, 120, 138, Ezra. 54 147, 152–56, 195–98, 203–4, 218, 227 Christian preservation of. 2, 4, 13, 15, 84, fallen angels. 50, 119, 164–65, 172, 176, 186 123, 148, 157, 160, 185, 190, 273 and pagan gods. 161, 165–66, 170, 175, 186 Christian rejection of. 193, 195, 200–1 , 204, and Sodomites. 210, 212 218, 226 and stars. 236, 256 circulation and transmission of. 9, 84, 127, as Diadochi. 63 128, 152, 199, 227, 233 as enemies of Christ. 165, 169, 172–74 collection of. 7, 17–19, 20, 60, 63, 119 as Nephilim, 214–16 Ethiopian translation of. 8, 20, 230 as paradigms of punished wicked. 47, 50, exclusion from biblical canons. 8, 13, 129, 70, 78, 80, 90, 98, 104, 106, 119, 149, 178 135–36, 195, 202–3, 273 as priests. 39, 63–65

314 SUBJECT INDEX

fallen angels. (cont.) Hahyah. 96, 97 as stars. 36, 50–51 , 75, 266 Harut and Marut. 255, 262, 277 as tempted to earth by women. 35, 36, 111, Haside Ashkenaz. 258 178 heavenly ascent. 49, 244, 248, 261, 268 imprisonment of. 50, 91 , 102–4, 109, 110 and Hekhalot literature. 68, 242, 243 punishment of. 28, 45, 102, 104, 110, 119, 122, in apocalyptic literature. 62, 243 150, 156, 173, 262 of Enoch. 3, 5, 24, 68, 121 , 236, 242, 251 First Jewish Revolt. 124 Hekhalot literature. 5, 15, 22, 68, 138, 235, 238, Flood. 5, 77–79, 93, 94 240–43, 246–47, 248–49, 254, 268–69 as protological precedent to Eschaton. 72, and 3 Enoch. 243, 245, 246, 250 101 , 110, 150 and Jewish magic. 254 causes of. 35, 92, 113, 236, 262, 264 heretics, heresiology Generation of. 31 , 209, 211, 213, 250–51 , 257, and canonization. 200, 201 , 203 261–63 Christian. 157, 162, 174, 176, 247 Jewish. 139, 140, 143, 147, 207 Garden of Eden. 51 , 76, 87 Muslim. 247 Genesis Hermeticism. 228–29 and Book of the Watchers. 5, 6, 14, 24, 27, 38, Hermon, Mt. 48, 104, 225, 254 51 –54, 56, 70, 71, 82, 85, 86, 89, 102, 116–18, Hermoni. 32, 40, 109 126, 138, 156, 190, 206, 212, 218, 220, 225 Hesiod. 108 and etiologies of sin and evil. 52, 53, 110, 115 Hexapla. 204–5, 214, 217 and Jubilees, 89, 90 Heyya and Aheyya. 262 Christian exegesis of. 125, 138, 156, 178, 190, historiography 193, 206, 217, 223 biblical and Jewish. 8, 53, 54, 223, 272 Enoch in. 1 , 56, 89 Christian. 167, 172, 186, 272 history of interpretation of. 6, 14, 49, 53, 71, Hellenistic. 8, 107, 156, 223 76, 85, 107, 115, 116, 190, 212 of antediluvian age. 14, 54, 78, 89, 92, 164, oral interpretive tradition of. 54, 118, 151 , 220, 224, 263, 273 206, 212 H. obabish. 96 Rabbinic exegesis of. 123, 125, 136, 139, 156, 207, 211, 222, 234 Idaean Dactyls. 40 geography. 62, 67, 68 idolatry. 38, 168, 173, 186, 209 Giants. 96, 97, 108, 185, 219, 235 and Generation of Enosh. 236, 257, 261 and demons. 46, 77, 93, 94, 163, 165 as linked to fallen angels and demons. 49, and pagan gods. 164, 165 50, 51 , 93, 94, 114, 164, 166, 168, 170, 181 , as hybrid. 46, 76, 91 187, 256 as paradigms of punished wicked. 70, 71, Idris. 255, 277 80, 96 impurity as symbols of foreign nations. 75, 77 geneological. 76, 91 , 92 euhemeristic interpretations of. 107, 215 sexual. 30, 31 , 34, 35, 64, 107 Greco-Roman traditions about. 107 incantation bowls. 235, 252–55 punishment of. 173 intermarriage. 76, 91 –93, 95, 221 violence of. 28, 30, 31 , 33, 45, 77 Irenaeus. 104, 149, 150, 152, 158, 176–78, 188 visions of. 96, 262 Islam. 16, 239, 240, 254, 255, 262, 270, 274, 277 Gibborim. 5, 107, 214–15, 235, 266 Israel. 1 , 77, 137, 145, 149, 199 Gilgamesh. 96 ancient. 54, 68, 69 gnostics, Gnosticism. 12, 149, 201 , 228, 275, and the angels. 91 , 169, 210 276 and the nations. 60, 63, 76, 77, 80, 168 Greco-Roman culture competing claims to status as. 124, 126, 142, Christian polemics against. 160–62, 165, 145, 157, 161, 194 168–70, 172, 181 , 226 Land of. 13, 18, 66, 82, 85, 122–24, 128, 139, Jewish polemics against. 39, 107 141 , 143, 152, 156, 194, 204, 207, 252 Greco-Roman mythology. 107, 165, 186 Italy. 199, 228, 258

SUBJECT INDEX 315

Japeth. 93 Levi. 54, 208 Jared. 1 , 89, 90, 114, 154, 197, 214, literary production. 10–12, 16, 21–23 224 Christian. 147 Jerome. 193, 201 –3, 220, 226, 271 medieval Jewish. 260, 271 Jerusalem. 39, 58, 60–69, 70, 85–86, 167, 169, Rabbinic Jewish. 22, 144–46, 260 195 Second Temple Jewish. 54, 55, 144, 145 Jesus. 86, 122, 167 Jesus Movement. 85, 86, 129, 135 Ma’aseh Bereshit. 141 , 207 and Christianity. 124, 127, 153 Ma’aseh Merkavah. 141 and Enochic texts and traditions. 13, 14, 73, Maccabean Revolt. 59–61 , 72, 73, 76, 85 86, 110, 126, 129, 148, 152, 275 magic and Judaism. 122–24, 128, 190 as angelic teaching. 32, 37, 40, 92, 109, 114, Jewish-Christian relations. 15, 16, 125, 155–56, 164, 175, 177, 181 , 187, 220, 236, 256, 257, 190–91 , 204, 269–71 267, 268 and biblical exegesis and translation. 191 , as transcredal discourse. 254 193–94, 203–5, 217, 222, 226 Greco-Egyptian. 228, 252 continued complexity of. 16, 127, 192, Greco-Roman etiologies of. 40 194 Jewish. 207, 235, 252, 254 history of scholarship on. 13, 122–23, 191 Mah. away. 96 new approaches to. 14, 192, 277 Mandaeans. 254, 255, 270 Jewish-Christians, Jewish-Christianity. Mani, Manichees. 16, 18, 96–98, 128, 201 , 215, 127–28, 139, 143, 147, 149, 161, 216, 248, 220, 221 , 226, 227, 239, 240, 247, 248, 254, 254–55, 264, 276–77 255, 265, 270, 274, 276, 277 John Chrysostom. 192 Marcion, Marcionites. 155, 161, 201 Josephus. 107, 117, 134, 142–43, 156, 222–25, martyrdom. 162, 173 239, 260, 270–71 Mastema. 89, 93–95, 98, 178 Judas Maccabeus. 130 Mas.h. afa Henok Nabiy. 3, 8, 17, 231, 276 Julian. 199, 220 modern Western discovery of. 3, 231 Julius Africanus. 118, 148, 185, 217, 219, 221 , Melito of Sardis. 7, 19, 145 222, 224 Melitus, Melitians. 200, 201 Justin Martyr. 6, 15, 137, 149, 160–75, 179, 180, Merkavah mysticism, 5, 15, 35, 238, 240, 183, 185, 186, 188, 194, 204, 206, 216 242–45, 247, 269 Mesopotamia. 41 , 59, 68, 69, 226, 227, 247, 255, Kabbalah. 269, 270 264–66, 270 Kasadya. 115 messianism. 140, 269 Kasb’el. 115 metalworking knowledge and female vanity. 32, 35, 37, 38, 164, 176, and sex. 30–32 178, 267 and violence. 30, 31 and idolatry. 38, 256–57 corrupting power of. 6, 30, 32, 40, 115 and violence. 32, 38, 164 heavenly. 184 as angelic teaching. 31 , 32, 37, 38, 40, 114 human and divine. 38, 46 as invention of Cainites. 38 limits of human. 6, 43 Greco-Roman etiologies of. 40 revealed. 2, 24, 31 –33, 42, 43, 49, 56, 60, 65, Metatron. 236, 245–47, 249, 253, 255–56, 262, 71, 72, 74, 78, 80, 88, 89, 103, 105, 135, 139, 265, 269 144, 182, 184 Methusaleh. 1 , 79, 195, 196 secret. 6, 32, 33, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 56, 61 , 113, Michael. 109, 115 114, 115, 176, 182–84, 197, 228 Michael Syrus. 153, 225, 229 Kokabiel. 224 Midrash. 10, 207, 236, 237, 249, 251, 259, Korah. 71 260 Midrash of Semhˇ . azai and Azael. 16, 240, 248, Lactantius. 149 258–60, 266, 268, 270, 271 Lamech. 79, 96 Minicius Felix. 175

316 SUBJECT INDEX

minut, minim, 139–40, 142–43, 147, 207, 210, Penume. 115 275 persecution. 61 , 62, 67, 77, 161, 162, 165, Moses. 145, 172, 215, 234, 263, 268 168–74, 186, 187 and Greek philosophy. 172, 181 , 184, 202 Pharisees. 85, 132, 142 as author. 54, 87, 89, 200 pharmacology. 40 motif of illicit angelic instruction. 11, 25, as angelic teaching. 37, 40, 109 28–31 , 33, 34, 47, 81 , 92, 93, 113, 120–21, revelation to Noah of. 94 256–57 Philo of Alexandria. 102, 107, 117, 198, 217, Christian redeployment of. 15, 120, 160–61 , 220 172, 174–75, 185–86, 188, 220 philosophy chronographical use of. 219, 223, 224, 229 and Christianity. 162, 171 –73, 184, 186 epistemological ramiﬁcations of. 44, 46, 48, as angelic teaching. 176, 181 , 183, 184 65, 75, 181 , 182, 184 Pico della Mirandola. 2 etiological use of. 6, 37, 47, 174, 179, 180, 224 Plato. 172 heresiological use of. 176, 177 polytheism. 37, 165, 166, 172–74, 181 in medieval Judaism. 236, 261, 266–68 priests, priesthood. 39, 60, 64, 65, 85, 124, 128, inversion of. 89, 90, 113, 120, 181 , 183, 229 146 origin of. 39, 42 Prometheus. 39, 40, 184 polemical use of. 15, 161, 174, 188 prophets, prophecy. 25, 46, 60, 72, 105, 146, 186, suppression of. 6, 14, 73, 75, 81 , 86, 102, 120, 193, 202, 247, 275 122 biblical. 62, 63, 68 Christian views of. 152–54 Naamah. 264 Pseudepigrapha. 57, 134 Nephilim, 5, 107, 213–16, 263, 265–66 history of scholarship on. 9, 274 New Prophecy. 197 pseudepigraphy. 54, 55, 144, 145 New Testament. 123 apostolic. 147 and Enochic texts and traditions. 4, 104, Enochic. 54, 57, 80, 103 105, 106, 109, 151 , 229 Isaiac. 200 canonization of. 193, 200 Mosaic. 54, 87, 89, 200 demonology in. 176, 188 Pseudo-Clementine literature. 128, 264 Jews and Judaism in. 122 Ptolemy I Soter. 59 Nicea, Council of. 148 Noachite Commandments. 38 Qumran community. 66, 73 Noah. 78, 79, 89, 91 –94, 96, 158, 262 Enochic texts and traditions in. 13, 14, 66, North Africa. 149, 152, 188, 199, 228 85, 95, 98–101 , 118–20, 133, 275 Jubilees in. 95, 99, 133 Og. 215, 235 Ohyah. 96, 97 R. Abbahu. 139 orality and textuality. 9–12, 22, 23, 54, 55, 118, R. Akiva. 134, 142–45 145, 236–37, 269 R. Berekiah. 211 Origen. 20, 119, 138, 145, 148, 155, 188, 193–94, R. Ishmael. 244, 249, 252, 254 197–98, 201 , 204–5, 217, 219–20, 229, 271 R. Joseph. 211, 259, 261, 266 orthodoxy R. Moshe ha-Darshan. 258, 259, 263, 267, Christian construction of. 125, 150, 162 268 Rabbinic construction of. 125, 143, 147, 150 R. Simeon. 137, 138, 207, 208, 216, 219 ouranography. 62, 67, 243 R. Yose. 139 “outside books”. 134, 140, 142, 143, 208, 234, R. Zadok. 260, 262 239, 271, 275 Rabbinic Judaism. 129, 146, 147, 240, 248 and 3 Enoch. 246, 250, 251 Panodorus. 224, 229 and Enochic texts and traditions. 13, 15, 16, parabiblical literature. 9, 10, 16, 54, 55, 144, 145, 84, 123, 136, 140, 206–9, 213, 218, 237, 238, 201 , 228, 238, 270 273 Paul. 86, 122, 178, 188 and Hekhalot literature. 238

SUBJECT INDEX 317

and Second Temple Judaism. 156, 238, 240, Semihˇ . azah, Semhˇ . azai. 16, 28, 34, 97, 213–15, 269, 271 235, 236, 240, 251, 263, 265, 267, 268 emergence of. 124, 125, 129, 132, 159 as father of Giants. 235, 262 Enoch in. 139, 234, 273 as heavenly angel. 251, 261 Ramael. 110 as leader of Watchers. 27, 28 Rambam. 216 as one of the Nephilim. 214–16 Raphael. 51 as teacher. 30, 32, 33, 40, 261 Rashi. 216, 261, 263 repentance of. 262, 266, 267 redaction Septuagint. 105, 107, 116, 118, 157, 165, 217 as authorial activity. 10, 14, 22 Serenus. 220 in Rabbinic literature. 144 Serpent. 51 , 178 Refaim. 215 Seth, Sethians. 76, 221 –25, 266 Reuchlin, Johannes. 2 Shekhinah. 256, 257 Roman Empire Shem. 93, 94 christianization of. 189, 192, 194, 199, 207 Sihon. 215, 235 Enochic texts and traditions in. 8, 15, 149, sin 191 , 206, 226, 227, 273 doctrine of original. 52, 189 Jews and Christians in. 161, 192, 222 human culpability for. 37, 73–74, 78, 81 , 89, Rufinus. 228 95, 166 shared human and angelic culpability for. sacrifice. 50, 164, 168, 186 31 , 32, 35, 81 Sadducees. 85, 142 supernatural etiology of. 6, 35, 37, 47, 170, Samael. 252 186, 257 Sassanian Empire. 222, 226–28 women’s role in origins of. 35, 37, 179 Satan. 52, 98, 114, 116, 176, 177, 183, 252 Sinai, Mt. 89, 144, 145 and Azazel. 115, 178 Socrates. 170, 171 , 173 and fallen angels. 115–16, 149, 168, 177, Sodom, Sodomites. 11, 71, 104, 106–7, 210, 187–88, 220 211–12 Scaliger, Joseph. 2 sons of God. 57, 123, 206, 214 scribes, scribalism. 10 allegorical interpretations of. 107, 198, 220, and apocalyptic literature. 43, 58 222 and Wisdom literature. 43 as angels. 5, 15, 82, 102, 107, 116, 118, 137–38, post-70. 124, 128, 146 148, 156–57, 168, 213, 217–18, 251, 264, 266, Second Temple Jewish. 52, 55, 59, 60, 64, 65, 273 67–71, 73, 80, 84, 124, 144, 273 as Sethians. 221 –25, 266 Scripture euhemeristic interpretations of. 107, 116, Christian views of. 152–53, 189 137, 139, 156, 193, 202, 206–10, 212–13, concept of. 132, 133 216–18, 220, 226, 235–36, 273 Jewish views of. 53, 54, 56, 132, 143–46, 207, nature of intercourse with daughters of 239 men. 211, 212 sectarianism Spain. 199 Geslanic. 275 Symmachus. 117, 205, 216–18, 226 post-70. 129, 132, 147 Syncellus, George. 2, 3, 6, 8, 20, 21, 36, 56, 153, Second Temple Jewish. 64, 66, 73, 85, 86 184, 214, 225, 229–31 , 257, 258, 272 Seleucus I. 59 Syria. 128, 149, 152, 156, 199 Seleucus IV. 73 self-definition Targums. 136, 139, 213–16 and text selection. 129, 159 Tatian. 149, 175 Christian. 15, 122, 124, 129, 156, 157, 161, 162, Temple. 60 167, 174, 185, 187, 190 Christian views of. 168 Rabbinic. 124, 142–44, 147, 156, 190 destruction of Second. 125, 128, 135, 147, 191 Semhˇ . azai. See Semihˇ . azah heavenly. 48, 64, 121 Semiazos. 225 Second. 58, 60, 64, 65, 69, 70, 73, 85, 124

318 SUBJECT INDEX

Tertullian. 15, 20, 138, 149, 152–53, 155, 157–58, violence 175, 178–81 , 183, 188–89, 194–98, 202, antediluvian. 6, 30–35, 38, 77, 81 , 204–5, 217, 220, 231 164 testimonia. 21, 153, 154, 157, 276 demonic. 168, 170 textual transmission modern. 21, 231 Watchers. See fallen angels premodern. 11–12, 20, 22, 231, 274 Wisdom literature. 42, 43, 63, 68 theodicy. 63, 71, 91 , 100 and apocalyptic literature. 60, 67, 69, Theodotion. 205, 217 70 Throne of God women Enoch’s vision of. 5, 48, 64, 242, 244 as temptresses. 35, 36, 111, 178–79 in Hekhalot literature. 242, 244 vanity of. 35, 40, 112, 176, 178, 187 Titans. 107 writing Torah. 41 , 66, 131 , 210 as angelic teaching. 115 and Enochic literature. 18, 38, 40, 52, 64, 89, 112 Yavneh, so-called council of. 129 and Jewish magic. 142, 207 Yeqon. 114 authority of. 52, 55, 60, 130, 131 , 133, 144 Yerah. meel ben Solomon. 258 Oral. 10, 144, 145 Yom Kippur. 91 , 97, 98, 263 tours of heaven and earth. 3, 25, 41 , 46, 48, 103 Yosippon. 258, 260, 270 Tubal-Cain. 38, 264 Zamzumim. 215 Uriel. 50, 164 Zohar. 233 Uzael. 264, 265, 267 Zoroastrianism. 255