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Oct. 14, 1958 J. M. CARTER ET AL 2,856,263 PROCESS for the RECOVERY and PURIFICATION of URANIUM DEPOSITS Original Filed April 21, 1944 ‘7 Sheets-Sheet 1

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Oct. 14, 1958 J. M. CARTER ET AL 2,856,263 PROCESS for the RECOVERY and PURIFICATION of URANIUM DEPOSITS Original Filed April 21, 1944 ‘7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 14, 1958 J. M. CARTER ET AL 2,856,263 PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY AND PURIFICATION OF URANIUM DEPOSITS Original Filed April 21, 1944 ‘7 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TORS James M Car/‘er Mar?n D. ?ame/7 BY ATTORNEY Oct. 14, 1958 J. M. CARTER ET AL 2,856,263 PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY AND PURIFICATION OF URANIUM DEPOSITS Original Filed April 21, 1944 7 Sheets-Sheet 55 QQOUMM,vRMmG w.9386mmE IN VEN TORS James M. Car fer By Marfin 0 Home/7 W4 W ATTORNEY Oct. 14,1958 J. M. CARTER ET AL 2,856,263 PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY AND PURIFICATION _ OF URANIUM DEPOSITS Origlnal Filed April 21, 1944 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 SCRUBBYING. AND WASHING PARTS OF CALUTRON ' WITH HOT WATER Lf- WASH WATER :FCONDENSATE ' \WATERANDMAKE UP snevmc SOL/D IMPUR/ TIES — WASH WA TER -—p>- CONDENSING To DISCARD I OXIDIZING ORSALVAGE SOLUTION U02” Cu?! Few’! Cr!!! Ni“ FILTERING‘ - '3 PREC/P/TATE 0* |——‘———/ F/LTRA TE _ U024!- TO DISCARD __ EVAPORATING gel”,++ OR SALVAGE PRECIPITATING Z/VH OH AND F'LTER'NG gFlLTRA TE TO FURTHER T REATMENT Fig. 4 I INVENTORS ‘James M Cor fer, BY Mar/7'0 D. Kama/7 ' @ M A TTORNEY Oct. 14,1958 J. M. CARTER ET AL . 2,356,263 PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY AND PURIFICATION 0F URANIUM DEPOSITS Original Filed April 21, 1944 7 Sheets-Sheet s DISSOLVING URANIUM METAL DEPOSITED ON COPPER COLLECTOR IN COLD HNo3 (8N) CONDENSATE I AND MAKE UP SOLUTION HNO3 U02" ' Cu ** 7—>— CONDENSING ' HN03 . EVAPORATI NG CONCENTRA TED \ soburj'o/v _ F/LTRA TE C35 cu {NHJLF H PRECIPITATING ‘ -[—-~’—NH4OH A ND F ILTERING ' f/RECIP/ TA TES *Cu/‘OHZH4 :0 01 ORTO SALVAGEDISCARD *Trace T__>_ DISSOLVING HN 0 3 ' - SOLUTION U02 +4 *cuvf *Tme F/LTRA TE PRECIPITATING _l—_'_NH OH AND FILTERING 4 { PREClP/TATE NH U 0 TO DISCARD ( ‘)2 2 ’ OR SALVAGE , r---‘“—? TO FURTHER TREATMENT 5 I N V EN TORS' James M Car/‘er ' Mar/"in D. Kama/7 A TTORNEY Oct. 14, 1958 .1. M. CARTER ET AL 2,856,263 PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY AND PURIFICATION OF URANIUM DEPOSITS Original Filed April 21, 1944 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 STARTING MATERIAL FROM PRIOR PREC/P/MTES TREATMENT (NH )2U 07 CrFe (0Oil/25 )3 -r-—>— 'oIssoLvINc . 0| so VINc HNO3 ‘HNOa s L SOLUTION SOLUT/ON U02 ++ U02 ++ Fe+++ Pe+++ C,.+++ cr+++ . ADJUSTING ADJUSTING [NH4OH P H (2) 2NH4OH P H (2) SOLUTION ' SOLUTION U02** U0g*+ Fe*** Fe*** c,-+++ Cr+++ PRECIPITATING PRECIPITATING THWH AND FILTERING {TI/H40"; AND FILTERING (Ni/#2 C03 (/I/mlcoa PREC/P/TATES Fe (OH) Fe 0H3 Cr(OH)§ cam/)3 TO DISCARD *(NH4)2U2 0, OR SALVAGE ' I *7?“ ' TO oIscARo OR SALVAGE F/L TRA TE F/LTRA TE (NH4)4UO2(C03)3 I v (/I/H,),u02(co3)3 AcIDIFYINc ‘ TWO?‘ AND HEATING ''_F_''''’_c02 6“ SOLUTION (1020/03): F/LTRATE PRECIPITATTNG TWO” AND FILTERING émsc/p/ursNH U 0 ‘)2 2 ’ TO DISCARD ,To FURTHER oR sALvAcE TREATMENT~ Fig. 6 INVENTORS James M C‘arfer BY Marf/n Q Kama/7 % . ATTORNEY Oct. 14, 1958 . J. M. CARTER- ET AL 2,856,263 PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY AND PURIFICATION OF URANIUM DEPOSITS Original Filed April 21', 1944 ’ '7 Sheets-Sheet 7 MATERIALSTARTING /NH4)2Uz0r FRoM PRIOR TREATMENT ' VAPORS CALCINING ‘ NH, T ' H10 ' ' U03 GASES ‘égséfzs 7——->— REDUCING ¢°z REACTING co CH4 Y " C0 2c014 CO2 —uoz ——uc/5 GASES 7—>- REACTING ggc'z CALCINING GAS (SC/4 (x)2 ‘5'2 Clz ' 0014- -uc/4 RES/DUE (/0; 006/; SUBLIMING m VACUUM jsuauMA'rE TO SALVAGE 1U (.74 . END PRODUCT Fzlq. 7 INVENTORS James M Coffer BY Mar-?n D. Kama/7 A TTORNEY 2,856,263 hired States Patent [0 " CO Patented Oct. 14, 1958 1 2 ing uranium both in metallic and compound forms in con 2,856,263 junction with the calutron method of enriching the ura nium with U235, whereby minimum handling of the ura PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY AND PURIFICA nium and maximum ef?ciency of the process are obtained. TION OF URANIUM DEPOSITS . 5 The invention, both as to its organization and method James M. Carter, Los Angeles, and Martin D. Kamen, ' of operation, together with further objects and advan Berkeley, Calif., assignors to the United States of tages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the America as represented by the United States Atomic following speci?cation taken in connection with the ac ' Energy Commission companying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective Original application April 21, 1944, Serial No. 532,159. 10 view, partly broken away, of a calutron that is suitable and this application April 26, 1945, Serial No. ' for use in carrying out the process of the present inven 9 4 . tion; Figs. 2 and 3 taken together, when arranged end to end, illustrate the overall ?ow diagram of the present 9 Claims. (Cl. 23—14.5) process; Fig. 4 illustrates in greater detail a portion of the 15 ?ow diagram of the present process, indicating the re The present invention relates to processes of producing covery of the residue of UCL, from the parts of the calu an element enriched with a selected isotope, and more tron disposed in the source region thereof upon which it particularly uranium enriched with U235. This applica is deposited, and the initial steps of the subsequent puri tion is a division of our copending application, Serial ?cation of the uranium; Fig. 5 illustrates in greater No. 532,159, ?led April 21, 1944, now Patent. No. 20 detail another portion of the ?ow diagram of the present 2,758,006, issued August 7, 1956. process, indicating the recovery of metallic uranium from It is an object of the invention to provide a process of the collector of the calutron upon which it is deposited, increasing the proportion of a selected isotope in an ele; and the initial steps of the subsequent puri?cation of the ment containing a plurality of isotopes that can be carried uranium; Fig. 6 illustrates in greater detail a further por out on a large scale to produce quantities of the elements 25 tion of the flow diagram of the present process, indicating thus enriched for commercial use. the subsequent steps of the puri?cation of the recovered Another object of the invention is to provide a process uranium; and Fig. 7 illustrates in greater detail a still fur of producing .an element enriched with a selected isotope, ther portion of the ?ow diagram of the present process, which process utilizes a calutron for the purpose of ob indicating the ultimate conversion of the puri?ed uranium taining the enrichment. ' - 30 back to U014. ' Another object of the invention is to provide a process At the outset, it is noted that a “calutron” is a machine of producing an element enriched with a selected isotope,‘ of the character of that disclosed in the copending applica which process utilizes ?rst-stage and second-stage calut tion of Ernest 0. Lawrence, Serial No. 557,784, ?led 0c trons arranged in tandem for the purpose mentioned. tober 9, 1944, now Patent No. 2,709,222, and is employed A further object of the invention is to provide'a process 35 to separate the constituent isotopes of an element and of recovering the residue of a material whichhas been more particularly to increase the proportion of a selected subjectedto treatment in a calutron from the parts of the isotope in an element containing several isotopes in order calutron disposed in the source region thereof upon which to produce the element enriched with the selected isotope. the residue is deposited. For example, the machine is especially useful in producing A further object of the invention is to provide a‘ process‘ 40 uranium enriched with U235. Moreover, in such a ma of recovering an element enriched with a selected isotope chine it is not essential that the material initially intro from the collector of a calutron upon which the enriched duced be a naturally occurring polyisotope, such as nat element is deposited. urally occurring uranium. It is feasible to separate any A further object of the invention is to provide a process intermixed or intermingled materials capable of produc of treating the residue of a material whichhasbeen pre 45 ing ions distinguishable from each other by differences in viously treated in a calutron in order to render the ma: nuclear mass. Since this is true, it is not essential that terial suitable to be retreated in the calutron. > , the initial material mixtures be made up necessarily of A further object of the invention is to provide a proc the same chemical elements, as various different elements ess of treating material which has been enriched with a in intermixed form can readily be separated. selected isotope in a ?rst-stage calutron in order torenderi 50 Such a calutron essentially comprises means for vapor the material suitable to be'further enriched with the se izing a quantity of material containing an element which lected isotope in a second-stage calutron. - is to be enriched with a selected one of its several isotopes; A further object of the invention is to provide a process means for subjecting the vapor to ionization, whereby at of purifying material which has been treated in ?rst-stagev least a portion of the vapor is ionized causing ions of the and second-stage calutrons arranged in tandem in order ' 55 several isotopes of the element to be produced; electrical to render the material suitable for commercial use.
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