DOCSLIB.ORG

This Is an Annotated Bibliography with Abstracts of 110 Entries Including

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
This Is an Annotated Bibliography with Abstracts of 110 Entries Including DOCUMENT RESUME ED 026 920 72 FL 001 170 By- Azzouz, Azzedine; And Others Selected Bibliography of Educational Materials: Algei-ia, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Volume 1 Number 4 1967. Agence Tunisienne de Public Relations, Tunis (Tunisia).; National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. Spons Agency-Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, D.C. Report No- TT -67-59-301-4 Pub Date 67 Note- 48p. EDRS Price MF-$0.25 HC-$2.50 Descriptors-Adult Education, *AnnotatedBibliographies,Arabic, *CulturalDifferences,*Education, *Educational Problems, EducationalTheories, Elementary Schools,English, *Foreign Countries, Foreign Relations,French,HigherEducation,InstructionalMaterials,InternationalEducation,Italian,School Administration, Secondary Schools, Statistical Data, Teacher Education Thisisan annotated bibliography with abstracts of 110 entries including materials in English, French, and Arabic on educational organization, philosophy and theory, school administration, higher education, adult education, special problems, and structure of North Africa's educational organization. Vocational, religious, fine arts, and special education receive briefer attentio.n along with educational statistics, teaching aids, international cooperation, and a. Tunisian presidential address. For a related document see FL 001 056. (AF) U.S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. TEt 2113110GRAPIIT:O1EDUCtiTIONAL. ALGERIA flBYA MORO cco ISIA No. ifii 44 , - , , 1 , r t a )1 , ' ' 1,;' , ,1 I t- -: : r.:1' i , rrrti:na , - '',' I I, '. 4 : : 1'., . -,, ,,.' ': - Office ofEducation .. -,trompiled for the and Welfare' 4 ,I.,S; DeDartmeat ofHealth, EducatLon , ae I 1 The:National Sciei/cet'oundation_ , . V a 4 4.4 414* I Washingtont D.C. tq- -the 74genVeTunioienne de Nat , , gue-'de Ea , .--s; 0.,-. ,, , WI Art ,-, - . t r -, , rr _ ,, 0- . , . : -711': . ,-- I ,I I -, , =`,-',,,-.: .-, -.,{ , . , - . , 0 ,.. r. I ,r -.1 1 r -.t.--, "' --,' ''',"" .`,.i i' c-, If -`.L...,_Z ..-..-'- '-.,-__ '*-- . .. -:- ' ,. r .4r r':',:,fr.' - TT67.59.301/L1 Prepared:for THE OFFICE OF EDUCATION 'U.$. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION AND WELFARE and THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION, T/ASHINGTON, D..C. by the aGENCE TUNISIENNE DE PUBLIC REIATIONS Prepared by 2,zzedine 1.,zzouz with the assistance of Patricia Ann Clallagher, Alexandra Clement Gamier Alan Ely and Fatma Houidi a. --"~"'"!,4,10111.1.- PREFACE The Maghreb countries share, insomewhat different degrees, important problems that deeplymark their educational systems: illiteracy and multilingualism.. Illiteracy is being reduced byspectacular scholarization efforts made since independence whichemphasize results in the immediate future, thusmeeting the requirements of modern society. Multilingualism necessitatesfrequent and disrupting reorganizations ofcurricula as the relationships between Arabic and Frenchin Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria, and English, Italian and Arabic in Libyaare constantly changing. In addition, education in general is ina period of transition in the Maghreb countries, and thesystems which are evolving are still ill-defined. The principal difficultywe encountered in compiling this bibliography was that, apart fromgovernmental publications, material is not easily obtained.Much recent material has not yet been classified,and many texts are published outside the country. This is particularly true for Libya. We do hope, however, that these issues willbe useful not only to educators andstudents, but also to those who have a general interestin North Africa. PHILOSOPHY AND THEORY OF EDUdATION T 1. Abdelaziz, Ben Hassen. "Culture Al Fikr No 9 Tunis. June 1963. Culture is a vague word which is very difficult.to define.We may say that ''cuiture" represents an intellectural maturity. However, there is a confusion between Education and Culture: Education helps people to attain intellectualmaturity-to first acquire a certain amount of knowledge..The maturing of knowledge gained through education represents culture. It is the aim of every teacher to notohly instill knowledge in the pupils, but to give them an idea of culture as well. T 2. Ahmed, Abdesslem. "Itijahu at-taalim" (The Purpose of Learning). Al Fikr No. 5. Tunis. February 1958. Pgs. 6-8. Teaching is the most important element of the whole educational system ar it forms a man able to live with others. This article discusses the traditional approach and the modern one. The former holds that instruction must be based on the keeping oftradition-and every p4Pil must be taught according tohis social back- ground. The latter believes in the democratization of education, in other words, generalization of education from the elementary phase. The author proposes that the government train qualified teachers, encourage vocational training, and reform the traditional education system in the immediate future. T 3. Ahmed al Fani. "Ab-taalim wa mokta dhaiate AlIsticila1" (Education and Independence Needs) Al Fikr No, 5. February 1958. Pages 9-13. Independence is not enough, it must bestrengthened to fight illiteracy and poverty, two elements ofnational life which are closely tied. It is also necessary to educate women and to give them an equal rolewith men, thereby impro7ing their social level. In addition, the -government should createeconomic 1 industry, commerce research centers,thus to develop agriculture. Thegoverniont must alto and especially to have, a morehighly multiply technicalschools in order qualified staff inthose fields. is AnArt) Ahmed al fani"at tadrisisfan" (Teaching T 4. No. 7. TunisApril 1957. Al Fikr: a monthlyreView. Pgs77-6-15. is an artbecause According to theauthor, teaching to "mad" characters. As an the role ofthe teacher is at the tam teacher educatesand cultivates artist, the dislikes He knowswhat motivateshis pupils, time. to reformhis methods andkeep laziness,constantly tries with reality. in touch pupils with asense of His duty isto imbue his as well asrespect for patriotism andlove of country, its institutions. a-rajuli alhore Ahmed al fani"Haula takwin T 5. Free Man).Al Fikr No., (Concerning theFormation of a Tunit. December1965. Pgs. 38-42. being longsfor freedom,in order to Every human Education is to exists. The role of feel that he in orderto correct his understandchildren's tendencies bring out thebest in hischaracter. defects, and to Children feelfree Freedom is ahuman feeling. train thechild to rely play. Educators must when they logic toconvince himin order on himself,and must use his thoughtprocesses. to develop by theteacher misses The childwho is indulged valuabletraining inself-reliance. "Istiklálouna wamashaki Lou at T 6. Ahmed elfani. ofEducation). taalim (OurIndependenceand Problems Al Fikr No.8. MaY 1965. is a surveyof the aimsof the This article period,notably in government inthepost-independence the field ofeducation. necessity ofarabiZing The authorunderlines the education, aswell as ofreducing and nationalizing number ofschools. illiteraey bymultiplying the v responsible The authorshold that eachindividual is collective decisions for the upcominggeneration, so the which are takenmust bewell-considered and wise. (The Principles of T 7. Ahmed Soua"maba di u at-tarbia" October 1955. Tunis.Pgs. 65-69. Education). Al Fi)r No. 1. According to theauthor, the governmentmust pay essential to moreattention toArabic, because it is the link betweenTunisia's past and nationalism and is Tunisia to other present. It is alsothe tie which binds Arab countries. has two aspects; The author stressesthat the language "written the formal orliterary one which maybe called Arabic" and the intermediatelanguage which isspoken and far from theliterary one. Students are generallynot strong inArabic because Arabic syntax is verydifficult. "A ha mi masha kiliat-taalim" T 8. Al Bachir Goucha. Problems). Al Fikr No.2 (The Most ImportantEducational Tunis. November1965. Pgs. 12-20. that the mostimportant educational The author states movement, a issue is to create aTunisian educational movement which will"arabize" and"Tunisify" the .educational system. national arts andsciences mustbe To do so, and rely on created, educatorsmust trainpupils to think themselves, and preventthem from imitatingforeigners. for physics, The governmentmust createresearch centers and architecture,train her own chemistry, astrology national theater. staff and instigate anational music and d'enseigne- Elements Bibliographiquessur lesproblbmes 90 (A Selected ment etd'education en Afriquedu Nord. Bibliography of NorthAfrican EducationalMaterials). I.B.L.A. No.67. 1956. Pgs.285-307. compiled after asocial This bibliography was in order studies seminarheld in Algiersin July 1953, to prepare forfuture conferences. 3 It was prepared by the Center of SocialInformation of the A.M.I.N.A. of Algiers withthe assistance of the library of the "Institut desBeIles Lettres Arabes" of Tunis. It deals with education in NorthAfrica, especially in Tunisia. The aim of the authors is to help thosewho are interested in education, to make readers awareof important educational problems, and tomake them apprebiate the efforts of educators,and of North African governments. The major subjects included in thisbibliography are: child psychology,pedagogy, psychological and pedagogical problems, special problems, moderneducational methods, theater, cinema and adulteducation. T10.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Monthly Forecast
    May 2021 Monthly Forecast 1 Overview Overview 2 In Hindsight: Is There a Single Right Formula for In May, China will have the presidency of the Secu- Da’esh/ISIL (UNITAD) is also anticipated. the Arria Format? rity Council. The Council will continue to meet Other Middle East issues include meetings on: 4 Status Update since our virtually, although members may consider holding • Syria, the monthly briefings on political and April Forecast a small number of in-person meetings later in the humanitarian issues and the use of chemical 5 Peacekeeping month depending on COVID-19 conditions. weapons; China has chosen to initiate three signature • Lebanon, on the implementation of resolution 7 Yemen events in May. Early in the month, it will hold 1559 (2004), which called for the disarma- 8 Bosnia and a high-level briefing on Upholding“ multilateral- ment of all militias and the extension of gov- Herzegovina ism and the United Nations-centred internation- ernment control over all Lebanese territory; 9 Syria al system”. Wang Yi, China’s state councillor and • Yemen, the monthly meeting on recent 11 Libya minister for foreign affairs, is expected to chair developments; and 12 Upholding the meeting. Volkan Bozkir, the president of the • The Middle East (including the Palestinian Multilateralism and General Assembly, is expected to brief. Question), also the monthly meeting. the UN-Centred A high-level open debate on “Addressing the During the month, the Council is planning to International System root causes of conflict while promoting post- vote on a draft resolution to renew the South Sudan 13 Iraq pandemic recovery in Africa” is planned.
    [Show full text]
  • Peoples Under Threat 2017 Briefing
    Peoples under Threat 2017 Killings in the no-access zone www.peoplesunderthreat.org Peoples under Threat 2017: fact-based assessment’, as well as ‘claims that insecure Killings in the no-access zone conditions make it impossible to give ... access’. In Vulnerable peoples are living at deadly risk in a many cases, access delayed – while security operations growing number of no-go zones around the world. are ongoing, for example – is access denied. The 2017 release of Peoples under Threat highlights What is happening in the no-access zone? Where how lack of access from the outside world allows official monitors and investigators cannot enter, local killing to be perpetrated unchecked in disputed NGOs and civilian activists have nonetheless raised territories, militarized enclaves and, in some cases, the alarm and published evidence of gross violations: whole countries. arbitrary detention, torture and, in the case of those This is the 12th year that the Peoples under Threat country situations at the very top of the index, mass index has identified those country situations around killing. In one situation after another, violations the world where communities face the greatest risk of are targeted at communities on ethnic, religious or genocide, mass killing or systematic violent repression. sectarian grounds. Based on current indicators from authoritative sources The most pressing problems of access are described (see ‘How is Peoples under Threat calculated?’), the in the commentary below on individual states. But in index provides early warning of potential future mass addition to those we highlight here, it should be noted atrocities. that the challenge of international access also applies In June 2017 the United Nations (UN) High to a number of territories where the overall threat Commissioner for Human Rights reiterated his levels may be lower, but where particular populations alarm at the refusal of several states to grant access remain highly vulnerable.
    [Show full text]
  • INSTITUTIN Park Forest Public Schools District 163, Ill
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 048 041 SO 000 591 TITLE Seventh Grade Social Studies Units and Student Readings. INSTITUTIN Park Forest Public Schools District 163, Ill. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (DREW), Washington, D.C. PUB DAT7 1 Oct 70 NOTE 90p. EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC -$3.29 DESCRIPTORS *African Culture, 4hfrican History, Area Studies, Colonialism, Concept Teaching, Developing Nations, Grade 7, Inductive Methods, Instructional Materials, *Interdisciplinary Approach, Multimedia Instruction, ReaCing Materials, Secondary Grades, Sequential Programs, *Social Studies Units, *Teaching Guides IDENTIFIERS *Africa ABSTRACT Two main ideas form the focus of this interdisciplinary unit:(1) Sub-Sahara Africa is a diverse geographic region with a little known but rich historical tradition; and(2) Sub-Sahara Africa has thrown off colonial rule and is developing modern societies that play an important role in the Tiorld today. The teaching guide and reading materials which comprise this document are both divided between these two ideas. Each section of the teaching guide includes subgeneralizations, suggestions of diverse instructional materials, and detailed guides for learning experiences. (Geography, ancient and modern history, politics, and culture are among the many facets of Africa covered in this unit.) See SO 000 584 for a listing of related documents. (JLB) CenterTitle for IIIEtl.lic - ESEA Studies DUCEDTHISU.S. DOCUMZNTEDUCATIONOFFICE ETACTLVDEPARTMErT OF AS HAS tDUCATIONr. RECEIVEDWELFARE OF BEEN HEALTH, REPRO- FROM ParkS:..hool Forest, District Illinois #163 CATIONREPRESENTIONSINATINGTHE PERSON STATED POSITION IT. POINTS OFFICIALOR DO ORGANIZATION OR NOT OF POLICY. OFFICE VIEW NECESSARp OR Or OPIN-ORIG- EDU- SEVENTH GRADE SOCIA,, STUDIES UNIT regionMain Idea with One: a littleSub-Sahara knownSub-Sahara butAfrica rich Africa is historical a diverse tradition.geographic roleruleMain in..ndIdea t;le isTwo worlddevelopingSub-Sahara today.
    [Show full text]
  • South and Central Somalia
    BRIEF REPORT JULY 2020 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) South and Central Somalia Security situation, forced recruitment, and conditions for returnees newtodenmark.dk © 2020 The Danish Immigration Service The Danish Immigration Service Farimagsvej 51 4700 Næstved Denmark Telefone: +45 35 36 66 00 newtodenmark.dk July 2020 All rights reserved to the Danish Immigration Service. The publication can be downloaded for free at newtodenmark.dk The Danish Immigration Service’s publications can be quoted with clear source reference. SOUTH AND CENTRAL SOMALIA SECURITY SITUATION, FORCED RECRUITMENT, AND CONDITIONS FOR RETURNEES Contents Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................ 2 1. Executive summary ......................................................................................................................... 3 2. Introduction, Methodology and Disclaimer ...................................................................................... 4 3. Political developments .................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Federalism versus centralism .................................................................................................................. 5 3.2 National Elections .................................................................................................................................... 6 4. Actors in the conflict – capacity and
    [Show full text]
  • To Read Text in PDF Format Click Here
    تقارير 0 نوفمبر 2017 July 23, 2020 Egyptian Move Towards Libya Bet. Political Crisis & Military Build-up Mahmoud Gamal Introduction A previous study published by the Egyptian Institute for Studies (EIS) titled, Egyptian Role in Libya: Determinants and Tracks, concluded that the likeliness of a direct and declared intervention in Libya by the Egyptian army started to increase more than ever before; confirming that such potential intervention is linked to the failure to find a political track for resolving the Libyan crisis and the outbreak of battles waged by the GNA against the militias affiliated to Khalifa Haftar to control Sirte and Al Jafra, the line at which the internationally recognized GNA forces stopped after liberating several areas in western Libya that had been controlled by Haftar’s militias during the past months. Following up the ongoing developments in the Libyan file, there have been no serious political activity, whether international or regional, to avoid the state of conflict in the Libyan interior. Also, there have been no political initiatives, whether international or regional, to bring the conflicting parties to the negotiating table, except for the Egyptian initiative proposed by Abdel Fattah al-Sisi in May 2020, which was immediately rejected by the Government of National Accord (GNA). The GNA forces are still stationed at the Sirte-Al Jafra line, where they stopped after liberation of several areas in the Libyan West during the past months. However, the Al Watiya base, which is now under the control of the legitimate GNA, was bombed early July by unidentified warplanes, where no party claimed responsibility for the airstrikes that targeted equipment inside the base, including air defense systems.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Economy of Migrant Detention in Libya: Understanding the Players and the Business Models Arezo Malakooti DISCLAIMER
    APRIL 2019 The Political Economy of Migrant Detention in Libya: Understanding the players and the business models Arezo Malakooti DISCLAIMER This publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared, researched and written by Arezo Malakooti. Fieldwork was conducted by Arezo Malakooti, Naji Abou-Khalil, Jerome Veyret, Chiara Fall and Jessica Gerkin. Support was provided by the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime’s local network in Libya. The report also draws on the in-house expertise of Global Initiative Director and Deputy Director, Mark Shaw and Tuesday Reitano, and Senior Fellow Mark Micallef. The report was peer reviewed by experts from the Clingendael Institute: Fransje Molenaar, Floor el Kamouni-Janssen and Mariska van Beijnum. We are also indebted to the various migrants and key informants who graciously shared their stories and experiences with us. The research for this report was supported by funding under the North of Africa window of the EU Emer- gency Trust Fund for Africa. However, the contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the Global Initiative and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union (EU). The photograph on the front cover was taken by the author in a migrant ghetto in Agadez, Niger. Please do not hesitate to contact the author: [email protected] ABOUT THE PROJECT ‘Monitoring the Political Economy of Human Smuggling in Libya and the Greater Sahara’ is a project funded under the North Africa window of the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Destiny Worse Than Artificial Borders in Africa: Somali Elite Politics1
    Destiny Worse than Artificial Borders in Africa: Somali Elite Politics1 Abdi Ismail Samatar I. Introduction Much political and scholarly energy has been spent in understanding the nature and impacts of political boundaries on African development and public life. The standard argument by many anticolonial groups is that the Berlin Conference that instigated the European scramble for Africa in the 19th century paid no attention to the geography of Afri- can livelihood experiences.2 Drawing boundaries engulfing territories claimed by various Europeans was arbitrary, and the legacy of their existence has caused much grief in the continent.3 It is a fact that colo- nial boundaries in Africa were artificial, but it is also the case that all political boundaries nearly everywhere are not natural. Most of these studies underscore how artificial colonial borders seg- mented communities that shared economic, ecological and cultural resources. In some cases, these boundaries have been the “cause” of inter-state conflicts between post-colonial countries, i.e., Ethiopia and Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia; Kenya and Somalia; Algeria and Morocco; Libya and Chad. But other equally artificial borders in the continent have not incited similar conflagrations despite fragmenting cultural, religious and ethnic groups, such as the Massai of Kenya and Tanzania, and the many communities that straddle along the borders of South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Namibia, etc. An unexplored question that demands urgent attention is why conflicts develop over some borders and not over others in different parts of the continent.4 As important as this question is, this paper examines a related but 19 Bildhaan Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Zambia Country Mining Guide
    MINING Zambia Country mining guide kpmg.com/mining KPMG INTERNATIONAL Strategy Series © 2013 KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”). KPMG International provides no client services and is a Swiss entity with which the independent member firms of the KPMG network are affiliated. © 2013 KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”). KPMG International provides no client services and is a Swiss entity with which the independent member firms of the KPMG network are affiliated. Contents Executive summary 2 New geographic expansion risk framework 3 Country snapshot 4 World Bank ranking: Ease of doing business 5 Type of government 5 Economy and fiscal policy 6 Fraser Institute rankings 6 Regulatory environment 7 Sustainability and environment 9 Taxation 11 Power supply 13 Infrastructure development 14 Labor relations and employment situation 16 Inbound and outbound investment 17 Key commodities — Production and reserves 18 Mining prospects in Zambia 24 Major mining companies in Zambia 27 Foreign companies with operations in Zambia 28 Further insight from KPMG 29 Mining asset life cycle 31 KPMG’s mining strategy service offerings 31 KPMG’s Global Mining practice 32 KPMG’s footprint in Africa 33 © 2013 KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”). KPMG International provides no client services and is a Swiss entity with which the independent member firms of the KPMG network are affiliated. © 2013 KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”). KPMG International provides no client services and is a Swiss entity with which the independent member firms of the KPMG network are affiliated. 2 | Zambia mining guide Executive summary For 2 decades, Zambia’s mining sector has experienced significant foreign interest and investment driven mainly by the privatization of state-owned Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines (“ZCCM”), a low taxation environment and low political interference.
    [Show full text]
  • Variability of Maximum and Mean Average Temperature Across Libya (1945-2009) --Manuscript Draft
    Theoretical and Applied Climatology Variability of maximum and mean average temperature across Libya (1945-2009) --Manuscript Draft-- Manuscript Number: TAAC-D-12-00429R1 Full Title: Variability of maximum and mean average temperature across Libya (1945-2009) Article Type: Original Paper Corresponding Author: Ismail Ageena, MSc University of Liverpool Liverpool, Merseyside UNITED KINGDOM Corresponding Author Secondary Information: Corresponding Author's Institution: University of Liverpool Corresponding Author's Secondary Institution: First Author: Ismail Ageena, MSc First Author Secondary Information: Order of Authors: Ismail Ageena, MSc Neil Macdonald, PhD Andrew P Morse, PhD Order of Authors Secondary Information: Abstract: Spatial and temporal variability in daily maximum, mean average daily temperature, monthly maximum and mean average monthly temperature for nine coastal stations during the period 1956-2009 (54 years) and annual maximum and mean average temperature for coastal and inland stations for the period 1945-2009 (65 years) across Libya are analysed. During the period 1945-2009 significant increases in maximum temperature (0.017 °C/year) and mean average temperature (0.021 °C/year) are identified at most stations. Significantly warming in annual maximum temperature (0.038 °C/year) and mean average annual temperatures (0.049 °C/year) are observed at almost all study stations during the last 32 years (1978-2009). The results show that Libya has witnessed a significant warming since the middle of the twentieth century, which will have a considerable impact on societies and the ecology of the North Africa region, if increases continue at current rates. Response to Reviewers: A seperate document is provided with clear responses to each of the reviewers comments.
    [Show full text]
  • Tribe, Islam and State in Libya: Analytical Study of the Roots of the Libyan Tribal Society and Interaction up to the Qaramanli Rule (1711-1835)
    WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/westminsterresearch Tribe, Islam and state in Libya: analytical study of the roots of the Libyan tribal society and interaction up to the Qaramanli rule (1711-1835). Faraj Najem School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Languages This is an electronic version of a PhD thesis awarded by the University of Westminster. © The Author, 2004. This is a scanned reproduction of the paper copy held by the University of Westminster library. The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the authors and/or copyright owners. Users are permitted to download and/or print one copy for non-commercial private study or research. Further distribution and any use of material from within this archive for profit-making enterprises or for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. Whilst further distribution of specific materials from within this archive is forbidden, you may freely distribute the URL of WestminsterResearch: (http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/). In case of abuse or copyright appearing without permission e-mail [email protected] 'N15:PHD 25o2Zgrl3Ö Tribe, Islam and State in Libya; analytical study of the roots of the Libyan tribal society and interaction up to the Qaramänli rule (1711-1835) by Faraj cAbd al-°Aziz Najem A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Westminster for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2004 London In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. We created you from a single (pair) of a female and male, and made you into nations and tribes, that ye may know each other (not that ye may despise each other).
    [Show full text]
  • African Constitutionalism and Barotseland
    Center for Open Access in Science ▪ https://www.centerprode.com/ojls.html Open Journal for Legal Studies, 2019, 2(2), 41-52. ISSN (Online) 2620-0619 ▪ https://doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojls.0202.02041m _________________________________________________________________________ African Constitutionalism and Barotseland Antonios Maniatis University of Patras, GREECE Department of Administrative Science and Technology Received 29 October 2019 ▪ Revised 10 December 2019 ▪ Accepted 15 December 2019 Abstract Current constitutions of African States, such as Zambia, are a mix of traditional features, exemplified by chieftainship and customary law, and mainly of European-type ones, so they are marked by glocalization. Besides, it is no coincidence that the British protectorate of Barotseland within the protectorate of Northern Rhodesia was incorporated in the Republic of Zambia, with some privileges being granted on the basis of the 1964 Barotseland Agreement, but with no clause in the 1964 Zambian Constitution. Kaunda’s ruling party of Zambia was initially prepared to allow the process of Barotseland’s submission to Zambian rule to transpire gradually and gently, which reminds slightly of the British intervention in the Cretan autonomous State, from 1903 to 1906. The Consul General Howard against the High Commissioner of Crete managed to ‘’…let him down gently’’. In 1969 the Barotseland Agreement was terminated abruptly whilst a revival of this controversial question has recently taken place. Keywords: African constitutionalism, Barotseland, Crete (“…To let him down gently”), glocalization, Western Province, Zambia. 1. Introduction: Constitutionalism and Barotseland Africa has experienced a protracted and important period of colonial control on behalf of many European countries. The British empire played the leading role in the framework of this penetration, particularly in the Sub-Saharan part of the continent whilst France was the Protagonist mainly in countries of the Mediterranean region and of the Western part of the continent.
    [Show full text]
  • Northumbria Research Link
    Northumbria Research Link Citation: Saleh, Suliman (2017) The role of public relations and public diplomacy in building Libyan relationships with Italy in the Gaddafi and post-Gaddafi era. Doctoral thesis, Northumbria University. This version was downloaded from Northumbria Research Link: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/36290/ Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University’s research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html The Role of Public Relations and Public Diplomacy in Building Libyan Relationships with Italy in the Gaddafi and Post-Gaddafi Era. Suliman Saleh PhD 2017 0 The Role of Public Relations and Public Diplomacy in Building Libyan Relationships with Italy in the Gaddafi and Post-Gaddafi Era. Suliman Saleh A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Northumbria at Newcastle for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Research Undertaken in the Faculty of Arts, Design & Social Sciences November 2017 1 ABSTRACT Relationships between Libya and Italy, both during and post Colonel Gaddafi’s rule, have witnessed many developments and changes, with the Italian colonialism of Libya from 1911 to 1942/1943 playing an important role in shaping those relationships.
    [Show full text]