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JP 3-31, Joint Land Operations, 03 October 2019

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JP 3-31, Joint Land Operations, 03 October 2019 Joint Publication 3-31 OF TH NT E E A W E' L L D R I S E F E N M H D T M T Y R • A P E A C D I U • R N E I T M E A D F S O TAT E S Joint Land Operations 03 October 2019 PREFACE 1. Scope This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance to plan, execute, and assess joint land operations. 2. Purpose This publication is the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) official advice on joint land operations and provides consideration for military interaction with governmental and nongovernmental agencies, multinational forces, and other interorganizational partners. It does not restrict the authority of the joint force commander (JFC) from organizing forces and executing the mission in a manner deemed most appropriate to ensure unity of effort. 3. Application a. Joint doctrine established in this publication applies to the Joint Staff, commanders of combatant commands, subordinate unified commands, joint task forces, subordinate components of these commands, the Services, the National Guard Bureau, and combat support agencies. b. This doctrine constitutes official advice concerning the enclosed subject matter; however, the judgment of the commander is paramount in all situations. c. If conflicts arise between the contents of this publication and the contents of Service publications, this publication will take precedence unless the CJCS, normally in coordination with the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, provides more current and specific guidance. Commanders of forces operating as part of a multinational (alliance or coalition) military command should follow multinational doctrine and procedures ratified by the United States. For doctrine and procedures not ratified by the United States, commanders should evaluate and follow the multinational command’s doctrine and procedures where applicable and consistent with US law, regulations, and doctrine. For the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: DANIEL J. O’DONOHUE Lieutenant General, USMC Director, Joint Force Development i Preface Intentionally Blank ii JP 3-31 SUMMARY OF CHANGES REVISION OF JOINT PUBLICATION 3-31 DATED 24 FEBRUARY 2014 • Changes the title to Joint Land Operations. • Splits Chapter II into two chapters, Chapter II, “Forming the Joint Force Land Component Command,” and Chapter III, “Command and Control of the Joint Force Land Component Command.” • Expands the discussion of a theater joint force land component commander and the differences with a joint operational area joint force land component commander. • Clarifies a joint force land component commander’s authority and responsibilities in a theater or a joint operation area. • Updates the discussion of large-scale combat operations as per Joint Publication (JP) 3-0, Joint Operations, to include discussion of a field army as a basis for multi-corps capable headquarters. • Expands the discussion on the range and types of military operations. • Updates the joint function discussion to include information as a joint function. • Expands the discussion on setting the theater from JP 4-0, Joint Logistics. • Updates definitions and terminology. • Updates figures, quotes, and vignettes. • Adds Appendix D, “Example Theater-Joint Force Land Component Commander Establishing Directive.” iii Summary of Changes Intentionally Blank iv JP 3-31 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... ix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background ................................................................................................................. I-1 Joint Land Operations ................................................................................................. I-3 Organizing the Joint Land Force ................................................................................. I-4 Forming Considerations ............................................................................................ I-10 CHAPTER II FORMING THE JOINT FORCE LAND COMPONENT COMMAND Designated Authorities...............................................................................................II-1 Roles and Responsibilities .........................................................................................II-1 Designating a Land Area of Operations .....................................................................II-6 Organizing..................................................................................................................II-8 Forming the Staff and Command Element ..............................................................II-10 Liaison Requirements ..............................................................................................II-15 CHAPTER III COMMAND AND CONTROL OF THE JOINT FORCE LAND COMPONENT COMMAND Functional Component Command Authority ........................................................... III-1 Joint Security Coordinator Responsibilities ............................................................. III-1 Command and Support Relationships ...................................................................... III-1 Functional Command Relationships ........................................................................ III-5 Notional Cross-Functional Staff Organizations ....................................................... III-6 Interorganizational Cooperation ............................................................................ III-10 Multinational Operations ....................................................................................... III-12 Communications Support Systems ........................................................................ III-13 CHAPTER IV PLANNING AND ASSESSMENT Section A. Planning Strategic Planning Considerations ........................................................................... IV-1 Range of Military Operations .................................................................................. IV-1 Support to Joint Planning ......................................................................................... IV-3 Operational Planning Considerations .................................................................... IV-10 Joint Land Operations Plan .................................................................................... IV-11 Operational Environment ....................................................................................... IV-11 Conventional and Special Operations Force Integration ....................................... IV-13 v Table of Contents Section B. Assessment General ................................................................................................................... IV-13 Levels of Operations and Assessment Considerations .......................................... IV-14 CHAPTER V EXECUTION Section A. Types of Operations General ...................................................................................................................... V-1 Range and Types of Military Operations .................................................................. V-2 Offensive Operations ................................................................................................ V-4 Defensive Operations ................................................................................................ V-6 Stability ..................................................................................................................... V-7 Defense Support of Civil Authorities ..................................................................... V-11 Section B. Joint Functions General .................................................................................................................... V-13 Command and Control ............................................................................................ V-14 Intelligence .............................................................................................................. V-17 Fires ........................................................................................................................ V-18 Movement and Maneuver ....................................................................................... V-24 Protection ................................................................................................................ V-25 Sustainment ............................................................................................................. V-30 Information ............................................................................................................. V-33 Cyberspace Operations ........................................................................................... V-36 Communication Synchronization............................................................................ V-36 Section C. Transitions General .................................................................................................................... V-37 Transition Considerations ....................................................................................... V-37 APPENDIX A Notional Joint Force Land Component Command Staff Organization ..... A-1 B Theater Joint Force Land Component Commander Planning Considerations .............................................................................B-1 C Joint Land Operation Plan and Order Development Example ...................C-1 D Example Theater-Joint Force Land Component Commander Establishing Directive ..............................................................................
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