Proposed Diepkloof Agricultural Development, Joubertina, Kou-Kamma Local Municipality, Eastern Cape Draft Basic Assessment Report

PROPOSED DIEPKLOOF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, JOUBERTINA, KOU-KAMMA LOCAL MUNICIPALITY, EASTERN CAPE

DRAFT BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT

DEDEAT REFERENCE NUMBER: EC09/C/LN1/M/19-2020

Prepared by:

www. habitatlink.co.za

SEPTEMBER 2020

Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report Report Details

Basic Assessment Report, Diepkloof Agricultural Development, Kou-Kamma Local Report Title Municipality, Eastern Cape Report Status Draft Report

Report Date September 2020 This Basic Assessment Report forms the main information document provided during the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for the proposed Diepkloof Agricultural Development, within the Kou-Kamma Local Municipality, Eastern Cape. As per Appendix 1 of the 2014 EIA Regulations (as amended in 2017), “the objective of the basic assessment process is to, through a consultative process─ (a) determine the policy and legislative context within which the proposed activity is located and how the activity complies with and responds to the policy and legislative context; (b) identify the alternatives considered, including the activity, location, and technology alternatives; (c) describe the need and desirability of the proposed alternatives; (d) through the undertaking of an impact and risk assessment process, inclusive of cumulative impacts which focused on determining the geographical, physical, biological, social, economic, heritage, and cultural sensitivity of the sites and locations within sites and the risk of impact of the proposed activity and technology alternatives on these aspects to determine— Purpose of this (i) the nature, significance, consequence, extent, duration, and probability Report of the impacts occurring to; and (ii) the degree to which these impacts— (aa) can be reversed; (bb) may cause irreplaceable loss of resources; and (cc) can be avoided, managed or mitigated; and (e) through a ranking of the site sensitivities and possible impacts the activity and technology alternatives will impose on the sites and location identified through the life of the activity to— (i) identify and motivate a preferred site, activity and technology alternative; (ii) identify suitable measures to avoid, manage or mitigate identified impacts; and (iii) identify residual risks that need to be managed and monitored. The primary objective of this Basic Assessment Report is thus to present the project, outline its legislative requirements and identify impacts, as well as mitigation measures, that will be relevant to specific environmental attributes of the site and the proposed development. Report Writer Rino Diedericks Report Reviewers Roberto Almanza and Christelle du Plessis Prepared For Letabakop Farms (Pty) Ltd Habitat Link Consulting (Pty) Ltd Prepared By PO Box 63879, Greenacres, 6057 www.habitatlink.co.za

Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report Document Checklist

The requirements for the content of the Basic Assessment Report have been met in terms of Appendix 1 of the 2014 EIA Regulations (as amended in 2017). The table below indicates where the relevant information can be found within this report:

2014 EIA Regulation Relevant Section of this Information Requirement (Appendix 1) Report (1) A basic assessment report must contain the information that is necessary for the 3 competent authority to consider and come to a decision on the application, and must include— (i) the EAP who prepared the report; and Introduction, The Environmental Assessment (a) details of— (ii) the expertise of the EAP, including a curriculum Practitioner (EAP) (page vii vitae; and viii) and Appendix G.1. (i) the 21 digit Surveyor General code of each cadastral land parcel; (ii) where available, the physical address and farm (b) the location of the Section A (3), Activity name; activity, including— Position. (iii) where the required information in items (i) and (ii) is not available, the coordinates of the boundary of the property or properties; (c) a plan which (i) a linear activity, a description and coordinates of the locates the proposed corridor in which the proposed activity or activities activity or activities is to be undertaken; or Appendix A. applied for at an (ii) on land where the property has not been defined, appropriate scale, or, the coordinates within which the activity is to be if it is— undertaken; (d) a description of (i) all listed and specified activities triggered and being the scope of the applied for; and Section A (1), Activity proposed activity, (ii) a description of the activities to be undertaken Description. including— including associated structures and infrastructure; (i) an identification of all legislation, policies, plans, (e) a description of guidelines, spatial tools, municipal development the policy and planning frameworks, and instruments that are Section A (10), Applicable legislative context applicable to this activity and have been considered Legislation, Policies and/or within which the in the preparation of the report; and Guidelines. development is (ii) how the proposed activity complies with and proposed including— responds to the legislation and policy context, plans, guidelines, tools frameworks, and instruments; a motivation for the need and desirability for the proposed development including the need and Section A (9), Activity (f) desirability of the activity in the context of the preferred Motivation. location; a motivation for the preferred site, activity and Section A (2), Feasible and (g) technology alternative; Reasonable Alternatives. (h) a full description Section A (2), Feasible and (i) details of all the alternatives considered; of the process Reasonable Alternatives.

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Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report

2014 EIA Regulation Relevant Section of this Information Requirement (Appendix 1) Report (1) A basic assessment report must contain the information that is necessary for the 3 competent authority to consider and come to a decision on the application, and must include— followed to reach the (ii) details of the public participation process Section C, Public proposed preferred undertaken in terms of regulation 41 of the Participation and alternative within the Regulations, including copies of the supporting Appendix E. site, including— documents and inputs; (iii) a summary of the issues raised by interested and Section C (5), Comments affected parties, and an indication of the manner in and Response Report and which the issues were incorporated, or the reasons Appendix E. for not including them; (iv) the environmental attributes associated with the alternatives focusing on the geographical, physical, Section B, Site / Area / biological, social, economic, heritage and cultural Property Description. aspects; Section D (2), Impacts that May Result from the (v) the impacts and risks identified for each alternative, Planning and Design, including the nature, significance, consequence, Construction, Operational, extent, duration and probability of the impacts, Decommissioning and including the degree to which these impacts— Closure Phases as well as (aa) can be reversed; Proposed Management of (bb) may cause irreplaceable loss of resources; and Identified Impacts and (cc) can be avoided, managed or mitigated; Proposed Mitigation Measures. (vi) the methodology used in determining and ranking the nature, significance, consequences, extent, Appendix G.5, Impact duration and probability of potential environmental Assessment Methodology. impacts and risks associated with the alternatives; (vii) positive and negative impacts that the proposed Section D (2), Impacts that activity and alternatives will have on the May Result from the environment and on the community that may be Planning and Design, affected focusing on the geographical, physical, Construction, Operational, biological, social, economic, heritage and cultural Decommissioning and aspects; Closure Phases as well as Proposed Management of (viii) the possible mitigation measures that could be Identified Impacts and applied and level of residual risk; Proposed Mitigation Measures. Section D (3), Environmental (ix) the outcome of the site selection matrix; Impact Statement. (x) if no alternatives, including alternative locations for Section A (2), Feasible and the activity were investigated, the motivation for Reasonable Alternatives. not considering such; and Section A (2), Feasible and (xi) a concluding statement indicating the preferred Reasonable Alternatives alternatives, including preferred location of the and Section A (3), Activity activity; Position.

Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report

2014 EIA Regulation Relevant Section of this Information Requirement (Appendix 1) Report (1) A basic assessment report must contain the information that is necessary for the 3 competent authority to consider and come to a decision on the application, and must include— (i) a full description of (i) a description of all environmental issues and risks the process that were identified during the environmental undertaken to impact assessment process; and identify, assess and rank the impacts the (ii) an assessment of the significance of each issue and activity will impose risk and an indication of the extent to which the on the preferred issue and risk could be avoided or addressed by the location through the adoption of mitigation measures; life of the activity, Section D (2), Impacts that including— May Result from the (i) cumulative impacts; Planning and Design, (ii) the nature, significance and consequences of the Construction, Operational, impact and risk; Decommissioning and (j) an assessment of (iii) the extent and duration of the impact and risk; Closure Phases as well as each identified (iv) the probability of the impact and risk occurring; Proposed Management of potentially significant (v) the degree to which the impact and risk can be Identified Impacts and impact and risk, reversed; Proposed Mitigation including— (vi) the degree to which the impact and risk may cause Measures. irreplaceable loss of resources; and (vii) the degree to which the impact and risk can be avoided, managed or mitigated; where applicable, a summary of the findings and impact management measures identified in any specialist report (k) complying with Appendix 6 to these Regulations and an indication as to how these findings and recommendations have been included in the final report; (i) a summary of the key findings of the environmental Section D (3), Environmental impact assessment; Impact Statement. (ii) a map at an appropriate scale which superimposes Section E, (l) an environmental the proposed activity and its associated structures and Recommendations of the impact statement infrastructure on the environmental sensitivities of the Practitioner and which contains— preferred site indicating any areas that should be Appendix A, Environmental avoided, including buffers; and Sensitivity Map. (iii) a summary of the positive and negative impacts and Section D (3), Environmental risks of the proposed activity and identified alternatives; Impact Statement. based on the assessment, and where applicable, impact management measures from specialist reports, the (m) recording of the proposed impact management Section E, outcomes for the development for inclusion in the EMPr; Recommendations of the any aspects which were conditional to the findings of the Practitioner. (n) assessment either by the EAP or specialist which are to be included as conditions of authorisation; a description of any assumptions, uncertainties, and Introduction, Assumptions (o) gaps in knowledge which relate to the assessment and and Limitations (page vii). mitigation measures proposed;

Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report

Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report Introduction

Background and Project Overview

Habitat Link Consulting (Pty) Ltd has been appointed by the applicant, Letabakop Farms (Pty) Ltd, to apply for an Environmental Authorisation (EA) for the proposed agricultural development near the town of Joubertina, within the Eastern Cape. The development will include the clearance of approximately 19 hectares of vegetation and will include the establishment of new apple and pear orchards with associated infrastructure including water supply, electricity, new access roads and storm water drains. The proposed development requires the submission of a Basic Assessment Report (BAR) in terms of the 2014 National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) EIA Regulations (amended in 2017).

Assumptions and Limitations

According to Appendix 1, Section 3 (1), of the 2014 EIA Regulations (as amended in 2017), a Basic Assessment Report must include “(o) a description of any assumptions, uncertainties, and gaps in knowledge which relate to the assessment and mitigation measures proposed.”

This report is based on information that is currently available and, as a result, the following limitations and assumptions under which this report were compiled are implicit: • Descriptions of the natural and social environment are based on the fieldwork conducted and available literature at the time of compiling this report; • The report is based on a project description and site layouts provided by the proponent that are likely to undergo several refinements (based on environmental and technical inputs); and • It should be emphasised that information, as presented in this document, only has reference to the study area as indicated on the project maps. Therefore, this information cannot be applied to any other area without a detailed investigation being undertaken.

The Environmental Assessment Practitioner (EAP)

According to Appendix 1, Section 3 (1), of the 2014 EIA Regulations (as amended in 2017), a Basic Assessment Report must include “(a) details of— (i) the EAP who prepared the report; and (ii) the expertise of the EAP, including a curriculum vitae.”

Details of the EAP

Mrs Christelle du Plessis, Habitat Link Consulting (Pty) Ltd Physical Address: 117 Cape Road, Mount Croix, Port Elizabeth, 6001 Postal Address: PO Box 63879, Greenacres, 6057 Contact Person: Mr Rino Diedericks, 082 776 4936, [email protected]

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Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report

The Project Team

In addition to the EAP, Habitat Link Consulting will include a number of specialists in the study who will contribute to various aspects of the assessment (refer to the table below). Please refer to Appendix G.1 for the curriculum vitae (CV) of the EAP, as well as a copy of the EAP’s declaration. Please refer to Appendix G.2 for CVs of the specialists.

Basic Assessment Project Team. Experience Team Member Qualifications and Registrations (in years) Mrs Christelle du Plessis • MSc Zoology Habitat Link Consulting 10 • SACNASP (Pr. Sci. Nat.) (400105/17) (EAP and Report Review) Mr Roberto Almanza • MSc Geology Habitat Link Consulting 5 • SACNASP (Cand. Sci. Nat.) (Report Review) Mr Rino Diedericks Habitat Link Consulting • MSc Geography & Environmental Management 3 (Report Writing and Public Participation) Dr Brian Colloty • PhD Botany EnviroSci (Pty) Ltd • South African Wetland Society 25 (Vegetation and Aquatic Specialist) • SACNASP (Pr. Sci. Nat.) (400268/07)

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Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report Table of Contents Section A: Activity Information ...... 2 1. ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION ...... 2 2. FEASIBLE AND REASONABLE ALTERNATIVES ...... 9 3. ACTIVITY POSITION ...... 15 4. PHYSICAL SIZE OF THE ACTIVITY ...... 18 5. SITE ACCESS ...... 18 6. SITE OR ROUTE PLAN ...... 20 7. SITE PHOTOGRAPHS ...... 20 8. FACILITY ILLUSTRATION ...... 21 9. ACTIVITY MOTIVATION ...... 21 10. APPLICABLE LEGISLATION, POLICIES AND/OR GUIDELINES...... 24 11. WASTE, EFFLUENT, EMISSION AND NOISE MANAGEMENT ...... 25 12. WATER USE ...... 29 13. ENERGY EFFICIENCY ...... 31 Section B: Site/area/Property Description...... 32 1. GRADIENT OF THE SITE ...... 32 2. LOCATION IN LANDSCAPE ...... 34 3. GROUNDWATER, SOIL AND GEOLOGICAL STABILITY OF THE SITE ...... 34 4. GROUNDCOVER ...... 41 5. LAND USE CHARACTER OF SURROUNDING AREA ...... 46 6. CULTURAL/HISTORICAL FEATURES ...... 47 Section C: Public Participation ...... 49 1. ADVERTISEMENT ...... 49 2. CONTENT OF ADVERTISEMENTS AND NOTICES ...... 50 3. PLACEMENT OF ADVERTISEMENTS AND NOTICES ...... 53 4. DETERMINATION OF APPROPRIATE MEASURES ...... 53 5. COMMENTS AND RESPONSE REPORT ...... 55 6. AUTHORITY PARTICIPATION ...... 55 7. CONSULTATION WITH OTHER STAKEHOLDERS ...... 56 Section D: Impact Assessment ...... 58 ix

Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report

1. ISSUES RAISED BY INTERESTED AND AFFECTED PARTIES ...... 58 2. IMPACTS THAT MAY RESULT FROM THE PLANNING AND DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATIONAL, DECOMMISSIONING AND CLOSURE PHASES AS WELL AS PROPOSED MANAGEMENT OF IDENTIFIED IMPACTS AND PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 59 3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT...... 68 Section E: Recommendations of Practitioner ...... 71 Section F: Appendixes ...... 74 Appendix A – SITE PLAN ...... 75 Appendix B – PHOTOGRAPHS ...... 77 Appendix C – FACILITY ILLUSTRATION ...... 81 Appendix D – SPECIALIST REPORTS ...... 82 Appendix E – COMMENTS AND RESPONSES REPORT ...... 83 Appendix F – ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME (EMPR) ...... 110 Appendix G – OTHER INFORMATION ...... 111

Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report List of Tables

Table A.1: NEMA Listed Activities Triggered by the Proposed Development...... 8 Table A.2: Assessment of layout alternatives...... 11 Table A.3: Assessment of preliminarily identified technology alternatives...... 12 Table A.4: Details of the affected farm portion (as defined by the Chief Surveyor-General)...... 16 Table B.1: Present Ecological State of the watercourses within the study area...... 40 Table B.2: Faunal species observed within the site...... 44 Table D.1: Construction phase impacts associated with the proposed development together with the relevant mitigation measures and resultant impact significance...... 60 Table D.2: Operational phase impacts associated with the proposed development together with the relevant mitigation measures and resultant impact significance...... 64 Table D.3: Summary of the impacts and their significance before and after mitigation...... 68 Table D.4: Summary of the number of impacts before and after mitigation for alternative 1...... 70 Table D.5: Summary of the number of impacts before and after mitigation for alternative 2...... 70 Table D.6: Comparison of impacts for the preferred and other alternatives following mitigation. .... Error! Bookmark not defined. Table App G.1: Nature and type of impact...... 113 Table App G.2: Impact rating criteria...... 113 Table App G.3: Impact significance table...... 115

List of Figures

Figure A.1: Locality of the proposed development ...... 3 Figure A.2: Proposed irrigation infrastructure (spray irrigation)...... 5 Figure A.3: Proposed layout of the Letabakop Farms agricultural development ...... 7 Figure A.4: Locality map of the proposed Diepkloof agricultural development...... 15 Figure A.5: Locality map of the proposed agricultural development...... 16 Figure A.6: Access routes to the proposed development...... 19 Figure A.7: Agricultural growth and employment potential of various crops and commodities (Source: National Development Plan, 2013)...... 22 Figure B.1: Topographical map of the study area...... 33 Figure B.2: Soil map of the study area...... 35 Figure B.3: Land capability map of the study area classifying the agricultural sensitivity of the land...... 36 Figure B.4: Project locality indicating the various quaternary catchments, mainstem rivers and known wetlands or wetland clusters (Source DWS, NWI and NGI) ...... 39 Figure B.5: Delineated extent of riverine wetland and drainage line with dam...... 39 Figure B.6: Critical Biodiversity Areas as per the ECBCP and Garden Route Initiative Ecological Support Areas ...... 40 Figure B.7: SANBI vegetation map of the study area...... 43

Diepkloof Agricultural Development – Basic Assessment Report

Figure B.8: Protected areas and Terrestrial Critical Biodiversity Areas ...... 45 Figure C.1: Positions where site notices were placed...... 50 Figure C.2: Preview of the notification letter sent via email ...... 51 Figure C.3: Preview of the BID ...... 52 Figure C.4: Newspaper advertisement ...... 56 Figure E.1: Environmental sensitivity map of the project area detailing areas that must be considered ‘no-go’, must be avoided, conserved and where development is permitted...... 72

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BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT (For official use only)

File Reference Number:

NEAS Number:

Date Received:

Basic assessment report in terms of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, 2014 as amended, promulgated in terms of the National Environmental Management Act, 1998(Act No. 107 of 1998), as amended.

Kindly note that:

1. This basic assessment report is a standard report that may be required by a competent authority in terms of the EIA Regulations, 2014 as amended and is meant to streamline applications. Please make sure that it is the report used by the particular competent authority for the activity that is being applied for. 2. The report must be typed within the spaces provided in the form. The size of the spaces provided is not necessarily indicative of the amount of information to be provided. The report is in the form of a table that can extend itself as each space is filled with typing. 3. Where applicable tick the boxes that are applicable or black out the boxes that are not applicable in the report. 4. An incomplete report may be returned to the applicant for revision. 5. The use of “not applicable” in the report must be done with circumspection because if it is used in respect of material information that is required by the competent authority for assessing the application, it may result in the rejection of the application as provided for in the regulations. 6. This report must be handed in at offices of the relevant competent authority as determined by each authority. 7. No faxed or e-mailed reports will be accepted. 8. The report must be compiled by an independent environmental assessment practitioner (EAP). 9. Unless protected by law, all information in the report will become public information on receipt by the competent authority. Any interested and affected party should be provided with the information contained in this report on request, during any stage of the application process. 10. A competent authority may require that for specified types of activities in defined situations only parts of this report need to be completed.

“Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 1

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SECTION A: ACTIVITY INFORMATION

Has a specialist been consulted to assist with the completion of this section? YES X If YES, please complete form XX for each specialist thus appointed:

Any specialist reports must be contained in Appendix D.

Please refer to Appendix D for the Specialist Reports.

1. ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION

Describe the activity, which is being applied for, in detail Introduction

The applicant, Letabakop Farms (Pty) Ltd, proposes to clear 19 hectares of potentially indigenous vegetation in order to establish apple and pear orchards and associated infrastructure. The proposed agricultural development is situated on the Remainder of the Farm Diepkloof No. 351, located within the Kou-Kamma Local Municipality, Sarah Baartman District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The property is situated approximately 4.7 km south of the town of Joubertina (Figure A.1). The study area, as well as the surrounding land, is mostly undeveloped, however, surrounding land uses do include several existing apple and pear orchards, game and livestock farms, along with overhead powerlines and municipal water pipeline servitudes. The purpose of the development is to clear a total footprint of 19 ha within the 1 426-ha property for the establishment of the orchards, the routing of water pipelines for irrigation purposes and the construction of internal access roads.

The majority of the study area was cleared in the 1990s and the land was previously used for the planting of potatoes. The property is also zoned as agriculture and the applicant intents to utilise the property for agricultural purposes. The study area was not used for any intensive agriculture activities within the past 10 years and natural vegetation has started to regrow.

Some parts of the site consist of transformed agricultural land and are predominantly invaded by alien vegetation, while other parts of the study area are undeveloped and consist of natural vegetation (Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos). Some small pockets of the proposed development site are mapped as an Ecological Support Area in terms of the Garden Route Biodiversity Plan. The Wabooms River, a perennial river, is located along the north-western part of the study area and the proposed development will need to ensure that the use of fertiliser and pesticides is correctly managed in order to avoid pollution of the watercourse.

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Figure A.1: Locality of the proposed development.

Project Overview

The proposed development will consist of the following main components: - Site clearance; - Establishment of apple and pear orchards; - Construction of water reticulation system for irrigation purposes; - Construction of new internal access roads; - Electricity supply from the existing ESKOM transformers; and - Internal stormwater, electricity and water supply infrastructure (to be upgraded).

The exact area to be cleared will be subject to the outcome of the specialist studies undertaken as part of the EIA process and the total development footprint will be restricted to 19 ha. The clearance of vegetation and the establishment of the new apple and pear orchards will be undertaken over a period of a few weeks. The apple and pear orchards will be laid out in various ‘blocks’ and will be separated by service tracks that will also be utilised as routes for the irrigation pipelines. The main internal access road will remain unpaved and new access tracks leading to the orchards will be gravel surfaces designed to be suited to tractors and other farm vehicles.

Existing Infrastructure and Facilities

The apple and pear orchard area will be serviced via existing facilities available at the proponent’s warehouse, located approximately 0.5 km northeast of the proposed development. All farming “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 3

www.dedea.gov.za equipment including tractors, trailers, plastic crates, wooden pallets and chemicals will be stored at this warehouse and no additional building infrastructure will be required on the property. The fruit will be packed at the applicant’s existing packaging warehouse located approximately 20 km northwest from the proposed development, near the town of Louterwater. No additional building infrastructure will be required for this proposed agricultural development.

Entrances and Access Road

The harvested fruit will be transported directly from the orchard, via the current road network, to the existing facility, where it will be packaged or juiced for sale to local and international markets. Existing farm roads will be utilised during the construction and operation of the proposed development in order to access the site. Additional gravel farm roads, no wider than 4 m, will be developed in between the orchard blocks within the proposed footprint, and are required for the continuous preparation and harvesting of the fruits. No additional bush clearing will be required for access roads.

Stormwater Infrastructure

Due to the limited construction activity that is required for the implementation of the proposed development, no stormwater structures will be necessary to facilitate the construction phase. All internal gravel roads and service tracks will be designed and constructed to accommodate stormwater runoff (e.g. via the utilisation of natural berms). During the operational phase, the management of excess runoff during storm events will be controlled by the implementation of contour ploughing and erosion berms throughout the proposed development area. Runoff will be diverted into the adjacent land via natural berms. Due to the nature of the proposed development (the development of apple and pear orchards), the overall stormwater runoff experienced as a result of the development is likely to be similar to the natural stormwater control currently occurring on site. The service tracks between the orchards will be equipped with low barriers to deflect run-off into the adjacent vegetation.

Water Supply and Irrigation

Water will be sourced from the existing storage dams located on the farm, which have been present on the farm for well over 25 years. These dams are currently used to irrigate the existing apple and pear orchards located directly north-east of the proposed new development area. A new underground polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipeline, approximately 240 m in length and up to 160 mm in diameter, will be implemented to transfer water from the existing abstraction point (storage dam) to the existing irrigation dam. A permanent 30-kilowatt (kW) pump system, with the ability to pump up to 70 m3 per hour, will be used to pump water from the abstraction point to the irrigation dam. The irrigation dam has a total footprint of approximately 1 638 m2 and a total capacity of 2 900 m3. The irrigation dam is situated at a relatively higher altitude to the proposed orchards and will therefore allow for irrigation of the orchards via gravity-fed irrigation pipelines that will be constructed along the boundaries of the orchards. Water delivery to the orchards will be achieved with the aid of “J-Clip” micro spray irrigation, which is aboveground PVC or HDPE 50 mm and 110 mm pipes “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 4

www.dedea.gov.za attached with nozzles to allow for spray irrigation of the soil. The “J-Clip” irrigation infrastructure makes it possible to suspend the entire range of micro sprinklers.

Figure A.2: Proposed irrigation infrastructure (“J-Clip” spray irrigation).

Energy Sources

During construction, diesel-powered generators will be used to operate electrical machinery that is required for the installation of the irrigation pipelines. Fuel will be required for the bulldozer and excavator during the construction period and for the tractors during the operational phase. The water abstraction infrastructure (e.g. pump) will be connected to the existing Eskom electricity supply. Electricity will be sourced from the national grid via the existing electricity infrastructure available on the site. The irrigation infrastructure will be gravity-fed. The estimated electricity usage for the operational phase of the development will thus be directly related to the electricity requirements of the water abstraction pump, which uses a maximum of 30 kW per hour.

Solid Waste, Wastewater and Sewage

Solid waste derived from the construction phase of the proposed development will include minor discarded construction material (e.g. pipeline cut-offs, packaging and excess lining material etc.), general domestic waste, excess soil/spoil (from levelling) and a large volume of cleared bush vegetation (fynbos and alien plants). This soil/spoil waste will be reused, wherever possible (e.g. as fill material or “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 5

www.dedea.gov.za topsoil depending on the quality). The vegetation waste will be chipped and mulched by the farmer in order for this to be used as compost material. All additional waste will be removed and disposed of in the correct manner at a licenced landfill site. There is unlikely to be any liquid waste (e.g. wastewater or effluent) derived from the construction phase. Should any soil become contaminated by a hydrocarbon spill, this will be separated as hazardous waste and removed to an adequate disposal facility. Construction phase activities may also generate hazardous waste such as empty chemical containers, oil rags and possible cement bags. These will be disposed by the Contractor at the nearest permitted landfill site.

During the operational phase, the majority of the waste derived from the development will be in the form of organic waste. All fruit waste will be handled at the existing packaging warehouse where it will be disposed of as per the existing protocols of the business. Additional organic waste will be added to the compost utilised in the soil. Pesticides and/or fertilizers will be used during the operational phase and will be stored in a locked compartment inside the existing warehouse. The plastic containers used for the pesticides and fertilizers will be collected by a local recycling company. No additional wastewater or sewage will be derived from the proposed development during the operational phase and therefore there will be no new sewerage and/or effluent treatment systems required for the proposed development. The farm workers will make use of the existing ablution facility located at the warehouse.

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Figure A.3: Proposed layout of the Letabakop Farms agricultural development. “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 7

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NEMA Listed Activities Triggered by the Proposed Development

In terms of the 2014 NEMA Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulations, as amended in 2017, the following activities are subject to an assessment:

Table A.1: NEMA Listed Activities Triggered by the Proposed Development. Activity Description Triggering activity No. LISTING NOTICE 1 – GN R. 983 (GN R. 327) The infilling or depositing of any material of more The proposed development may result than 10 cubic metres into, or the dredging, in the infilling, depositing, removal and Activity 19 excavation, removal or moving of soil, sand, shells, excavation of soil of more than 10 m³ shell grit, pebbles or rock of more than 10 cubic from a watercourse. metres from a watercourse. The proposed development may result in the clearance of up to 19 ha of vegetation. Although the majority of The clearance of an area of 1 hectares or more, but Activity 27 the development footprint is previously less than 20 hectares of indigenous vegetation. transformed, there may be a number of indigenous vegetation species located within the remaining areas.

Based on the listed activities identified in Listing Notice 1 of the NEMA EIA Regulations, the proposed project will be subject to a Basic Assessment process.

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2. FEASIBLE AND REASONABLE ALTERNATIVES

“alternatives”, in relation to a proposed activity, means different means of meeting the general purpose and requirements of the activity, which may include alternatives to— (a) the property on which or location where it is proposed to undertake the activity; (b) the type of activity to be undertaken; (c) the design or layout of the activity; (d) the technology to be used in the activity; (e) the operational aspects of the activity; and (f) the option of not implementing the activity.

Describe alternatives that are considered in this application. Alternatives should include a consideration of all possible means by which the purpose and need of the proposed activity could be accomplished in the specific instance taking account of the interest of the applicant in the activity. The no-go alternative must in all cases be included in the assessment phase as the baseline against which the impacts of the other alternatives are assessed. The determination of whether site or activity (including different processes etc.) or both is appropriate needs to be informed by the specific circumstances of the activity and its environment. After receipt of this report the competent authority may also request the applicant to assess additional alternatives that could possibly accomplish the purpose and need of the proposed activity if it is clear that realistic alternatives have not been considered to a reasonable extent.

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Locality/Site Alternatives

The location for the activity has been chosen primarily because the property is owned by the applicant. Locality alternatives were thus limited to the fact that applicant does not wish to purchase new land. Within the applicant’s property, there is only one potential development site that was considered for the development of apple and pear orchards, as the remainder of the property is too steep and not accessible. This location is also in close proximity to existing agricultural infrastructure and the existing farm road linkages and access roads.

The location has no fatal flaws and will allow the applicant to expand the existing agricultural area instead of relocating to other premises. For these reasons, location alternatives have not been considered in the Basic Assessment and the preferred alternative is the only location alternative assessed.

Activity Alternatives

In order to achieve the purpose of developing crops on the applicant’s property, the activity of clearing indigenous vegetation, the construction of farm roads and water reticulation system for irrigation purposes and the removal and depositing of soil within a watercourse, will be required. Activity alternatives may include the cultivation of different crop types. The applicant prefers the apple and pear activity alternative over the other crop alternatives, as the applicant has existing apple and pear orchards on his farm and the applicant has his own packaging facilities specifically designed for apple and pear fruits. The climate in the Langkloof area is most suitable for apple and pear farming and the Langkloof area is the second largest fruit production area in South Africa, specialising in apples and pears. The applicant has extensive experience in farming with apples and pears and has therefore opted for the apple and pear activity. There are no other reasonable or feasible activity alternatives associated with this project.

Design or Layout Alternatives

The applicant, together with the EAP and the appointed specialists, have considered various specific layout alternatives in order to ensure that the most practical and feasible design is chosen for the proposed development. Due to the topography of the site, the majority of the property is considered to be too steep for apple and pear orchards. There is only one specific area on the property which is suitable for the development of new apple and pear orchards. The following layout alternatives have been considered: • Layout Alternative 1 (Preferred): Development including all possible areas suitable for cultivation; and • Layout Alternative 2: Development avoiding ecological sensitive areas as identified in the Ecological assessment.

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Table A.2: Assessment of layout alternatives. Layout Potential Potential Layout Illustration Alternative Advantages Disadvantages

Layout • May cause Alternative • Utilises all impacts to 1 potential areas the (Preferred suitable for watercourse Alternative) apple and pear • Loss of orchards sensitive (includes all • Avoids steep terrestrial areas slopes areas suitable for

cultivation)

• Clearance on the steeper slopes in the Layout • Avoids south-west Alternative sensitive could result 2 terrestrial in soil areas erosion (avoids • Reduced • Less ecological potential cultivation sensitive impact on the areas and areas) watercourse therefore reduced economic benefit

The associated infrastructure will be placed in such a manner that is has the least impact on any natural vegetation and makes use of the topography and gradient of the site in order to rely on the gravity- assisted irrigation services. Both layouts proposed above allow for the installation of the irrigation infrastructure within an existing footprint (i.e. the existing farm access track) and allow for the use of the existing storage dam located at the highest point of the site. Other layout alternatives relevant to

www.dedea.gov.za the pipeline infrastructure have thus not be investigated in further detail. The final designs and finishes will be determined prior to construction and as per the approved Environmental Management Programme (EMPr).

Technology Alternatives

Apple and pear farming technology has developed significantly over the past decade and is expected to continue developing during the lifetime of this proposed project. The technology utilised in apple and pear farming is primarily associated with the irrigation requirements of the orchards. The proposed development will require 600 m3 of water per day for irrigation purposes, which translates to approximately 220 000 m3 of water per annum. In order to utilise water appropriately, two technology alternatives have been proposed for irrigation (Table 5.2): • Technology Alternative 1: “J-Clip” Spray irrigation • Technology Alternative 2: Drip irrigation

Table A.3: Assessment of preliminarily identified technology alternatives. Technology Potential Layout Illustration Potential Advantages Alternative Disadvantages

Technology • Suspend the entire • Requires precise Alternative 1 range of Micro alignment of Sprinklers irrigation pipelines (“J-Clip” • Minimum evaporation with the trees Spray • Less repairs and

Irrigation) maintenance required

• Pipelines are placed Technology om the ground and Alternative 2 can be damaged • Less evaporation • Requires more (Drip maintenance, Irrigation) repair and replacement

Drip irrigation occurs by allowing water through small holes that are punctured along the length of the irrigation pipeline. The irrigation infrastructure is placed on the ground which may result to damaged to the pipeline. The ‘J-Clip” Spray irrigation consists of the spraying of water through small nozzles that “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 12

www.dedea.gov.za are connected to the irrigation pipeline. The “J-Clips” makes it possible to suspend the entire range of micro sprinklers, which result to less damage at the same irrigation results. For apple and pear orchards, “J-Clip” spray irrigation is preferred, as less repairs and maintenance are required and the trees receive sufficient moisture and absorption.

Operational Alternatives

The operational alternatives for this project relate to the type of agricultural activity that will take place within the proposed site. Due to the type of surrounding agricultural activity, the proponent’s particular area of expertise and the current economic demand, the only agricultural activity that will be undertaken is the cultivation of apple and pear orchards. The establishment of irrigated apple and pear orchards does not lend itself to specific operational alternatives however, the overall operation of the development will aim to promote conservation agriculture, minimum tillage, reduced water consumption, reduced use of herbicides and continuous improvement of harvesting methods. These aspects would not only be beneficial to the environment, but would also result in reduced expenses for the farmer.

Preferred Alternative

The preferred alternative for the proposed development would consist of the development footprint of 19 ha for the establishment of apple and pear orchard along with the supporting infrastructures. The following layout and technology specifications are preferred by the applicant:

• Preferred Layout: Development including all possible areas suitable for cultivation; • Preferred Technology: Spray irrigation

The reason for the assignment of the abovementioned alternatives as being the preferred options are attributed to the outcome of the advantages and disadvantages outlined in the tables above. The preferred layout alternative may have more significant biodiversity impacts, but would also have a larger economic contribution though the cultivation of more hectares of apple and pear orchards. The significance of the negative and positive impacts associated with the various alternatives is detailed in Section D of this report.

No-Go Alternative

The ‘No-go’ alternative assumes that the status quo will remain unchanged and the proposed development site will remain as natural vegetation with no further disturbance. This alternative refers to the option of not implementing the proposed activity (i.e. in this case, not proceeding with the development of apple and pear orchards). While this alternative will mitigate the construction-related impacts associated with the proposed development, the employment opportunities, as well as the economic benefits and contribution to the

www.dedea.gov.za agricultural sector, would be lost under the ‘No-go’ alternative. While other portions of the applicant’s property will continue to be operated as apple and pear agricultural, the culmination of these facilities would not be realised and a potentially large contribution to food security would be lost.

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Paragraphs 3 – 13 below should be completed for each alternative.

Where relevant, each alternative has been described below however, the majority of the information provided below is applicable to all potential alternatives described above.

3. ACTIVITY POSITION

Indicate the position of the activity using the latitude and longitude of the centre point of the site for each alternative site. The co-ordinates should be in degrees and decimal minutes. The minutes should have at least three decimals to ensure adequate accuracy. The projection that must be used in all cases is the WGS84 spheroid in a national or local projection.

List alternative sites if applicable. The proposed agricultural development is located on the Remainder of the Farm Diepkloof No. 351, within the Kou-Kamma Local Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The property is situated approximately 4.7 km south of the town of Joubertina.

Figure A.4: Locality map of the proposed Diepkloof agricultural development.

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Figure A.5: Locality map of the proposed agricultural development.

Table A.4: Details of the affected farm portion (as defined by the Chief Surveyor-General). Property Name and Number 21-Digit Surveyor General Code Ward Municipality Remainder of the Farm Diepkloof C11800000000035100000 2 Kou-Kamma Municipality No. 351

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Alternative: Latitude (S): Longitude (E): Alternative S11 (preferred or only site alternative) 33o 51’57.81” 23o 50’15.69” Alternative S2 (if any) Alternative S3 (if any)

In the case of linear activities:

Not applicable. There are no linear structures that would trigger a listed activity in terms of NEMA.

Alternative: Latitude (S): Longitude (E):

Alternative S1 (preferred or only route alternative) • Starting point of the activity • Middle point of the activity • End point of the activity

Alternative S2 (if any) • Starting point of the activity • Middle point of the activity • End point of the activity

Alternative S3 (if any) • Starting point of the activity • Middle point of the activity • End point of the activity

For route alternatives that are longer than 500m, please provide an addendum with co-ordinates taken every 250 meters along the route for each alternative alignment.

Not applicable. There are no linear structures that would trigger a listed activity in terms of NEMA.

1 “Alternative S..” refer to site alternatives. “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 17

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4. PHYSICAL SIZE OF THE ACTIVITY

Indicate the physical size of the preferred activity/technology as well as alternative activities/technologies (footprints):

Alternative: Size of the activity: Alternative A1 (preferred activity alternative) 19 ha Alternative A2 (if any) Alternative A3 (if any)

or, for linear activities:

Not applicable. There are no linear structures that would trigger a listed activity in terms of NEMA.

Alternative: Length of the activity: Alternative A1 (preferred activity alternative) Alternative A2 (if any) Alternative A3 (if any)

Indicate the size of the alternative sites or servitudes (within which the above footprints will occur):

Alternative: Size of the site/servitude: Alternative A1 (preferred activity alternative) Alternative A2 (if any) Alternative A3 (if any)

5. SITE ACCESS

Does ready access to the site exist? YES X If NO, what is the distance over which a new access road will be built

Describe the type of access road planned:

No new access road is planned for this development. The site is accessible via the R62 regional road and then via several internal un-tarred access roads and farm roads. There are several existing vehicle tracks, which are currently utilised within the property, which can be used to access the majority of the project area. The applicant also proposes to construct some internal roads within the development site,

www.dedea.gov.za in order to gain access to the apple and pear orchards. These internal roads will be utilised during the construction and operation of the proposed development.

Figure A.6: Access routes to the proposed development.

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Include the position of the access road on the site plan and required map, as well as an indication of the road in relation to the site.

Please refer to Appendix A for the detailed site plan

6. SITE OR ROUTE PLAN

A detailed site or route plan(s) must be prepared for each alternative site or alternative activity. It must be attached as Appendix A to this document.

The site or route plans must indicate the following: 6.1 the scale of the plan which must be at least a scale of 1:500; 6.2 the property boundaries and numbers of all the properties within 50 metres of the site; 6.3 the current land use as well as the land use zoning of each of the properties adjoining the site or sites; 6.4 the exact position of each element of the application as well as any other structures on the site; 6.5 the position of services, including electricity supply cables (indicate above or underground), water supply pipelines, boreholes, street lights, sewage pipelines, storm water infrastructure and telecommunication infrastructure; 6.6 all trees and shrubs taller than 1.8 metres; 6.7 walls and fencing including details of the height and construction material; 6.8 servitudes indicating the purpose of the servitude; 6.9 sensitive environmental elements within 100 metres of the site or sites including (but not limited thereto): ▪ rivers; ▪ the 1:100 year flood line (where available or where it is required by DWA); ▪ ridges; ▪ cultural and historical features; ▪ areas with indigenous vegetation (even if it is degraded or invested with alien species); 6.10 for gentle slopes the 1 metre contour intervals must be indicated on the plan and whenever the slope of the site exceeds 1:10, the 500mm contours must be indicated on the plan; and 6.11 the positions from where photographs of the site were taken.

Please refer to Appendix A for the detailed site plan and associated maps.

7. SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

Colour photographs from the centre of the site must be taken in at least the eight major compass directions with a description of each photograph. Photographs must be attached under Appendix B to this form. It must be supplemented with additional photographs of relevant features on the site, if applicable.

Please refer to Appendix B for the site photographs.

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8. FACILITY ILLUSTRATION

A detailed illustration of the activity must be provided at a scale of 1:200 as Appendix C for activities that include structures. The illustrations must be to scale and must represent a realistic image of the planned activity. The illustration must give a representative view of the activity.

Please refer to Appendix C for the detailed facility illustrations.

9. ACTIVITY MOTIVATION

9(a) Socio-economic value of the activity What is the expected capital value of the activity on completion? R 5 million What is the expected yearly income that will be generated by or as a result of the activity? Up to R 250 000.00 (After 5 years) Will the activity contribute to service infrastructure? NO X Is the activity a public amenity? NO X How many new employment opportunities will be created in the development phase of the 10 activity? What is the expected value of the employment opportunities during the development R 1 million per phase? annum at current wage rate What percentage of this will accrue to previously disadvantaged individuals? 100 % How many permanent new employment opportunities will be created during the operational 25 phase of the activity? What is the expected current value of the employment opportunities during the first 10 R 10 million to years? R 15 million What percentage of this will accrue to previously disadvantaged individuals? 100 %

9(b) Need and desirability of the activity

Motivate and explain the need and desirability of the activity (including demand for the activity):

The main purpose of the proposed development is to clear approximately 19 ha of the 1 426-ha property for the establishment of apple and pear orchards, the routing of water pipelines and the construction of internal access roads. The 2030 National Development Plan (NDP, 2013) categorises the apple and pear industry as a “high-growth potential, labour intensive” commodity in terms of South Africa’s agricultural growth and employment potential (Figure A.7). It is estimated that at least one worker is required per hectare of apple and pear orchards and this does not include employment

www.dedea.gov.za associated with packaging plants, transportation, warehousing, port handling, research and development and processing of the fruits.

Figure A.7: Agricultural growth and employment potential of various crops and commodities (Source: National Development Plan, 2013).

The NDP’s main goal is to boost economic growth, increase employment opportunities and reduce overall poverty in South Africa. It details the goals of achieving an inclusive and integrated rural economy in which people living in the rural areas may have more opportunities to take part in the economic activities. In addition to this, the NDP (2013) lists a number of ‘critical actions’ that need to be taken to achieve the 2030 milestones, and one of these is to “boost private investment in labour- intensive areas, competitiveness and exports.” In terms of the rural development, the NDP (2013) lists ‘food security’ as one of the key points for achieving an integrated and inclusive rural economy. The proposed development aligns itself with the NDP (2013) as it will be contributing to national exports,

www.dedea.gov.za apple and pear production (food security), labour-intensive job creation, rural development and market competitiveness.

The Eastern Cape Vision 2030 Provincial Development Plan (PDP, 2014) outlines several strategic objectives to improve social development and increase economic growth, particularly through employment creation. One of the actions identified in the PDP is to “increase employment through irrigated horticulture”. Agriculture is identified as one of the sectors with high potential for development in the Eastern Cape and therefore the proposed development align itself with the Provincial Development Plan.

The Kou-Kamma Integrated Development Plan IDP (2017) lists high unemployment rates under both the threats and weaknesses for the municipality. The proposed development will contribute to employment creation as several new job opportunities will be created during the operational phase of the activity. The workers will obtain skills associated with the requirements of the farm and temporary jobs will also be created during the construction phase of the project.

The 2013 Spatial Development Framework (SDF) for the Sarah Baartman District Municipality (previously the Cacadu District Municipality) does not indicate the current or desired spatial form of the property, however, the current zoning of the farm is agriculture and the proposed development intends to keep to the current property zoning.

The projected annual revenue to be derived from the development is estimated to reach up to R 250 000.00. Local communities will benefit from the new employment opportunities which will become available during the construction and, more importantly, the operational phases of the project. The proposed development will provide opportunities for unskilled workers to develop new skills and have an additional contribution towards the economy. The proposed development thus aligns itself with national, provincial, district and local development plans as well as the local spatial development framework. It will contribute to agricultural employment, food security and local/national revenue.

Indicate any benefits that the activity will have for society in general: As per the NDP (2013), the proposed development will contribute to the aim of achieving the “socio- economic objectives of poverty alleviation and generation of employment”, hence contributing positively to the economy. In addition, the proposed development will contribute to production of fruits which will also result to an increase in food security.

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Indicate any benefits that the activity will have for the local communities where the activity will be located: The proposed development is expected to result in approximately 10 temporary employment opportunities during the construction phase as well as up to 10 permanent positions during the operational phase. The workers will likely be sourced from the local community.

10. APPLICABLE LEGISLATION, POLICIES AND/OR GUIDELINES

List all legislation, policies and/or guidelines of any sphere of government that are applicable to the application as contemplated in the EIA regulations, if applicable:

Title of legislation, policy or guideline: Administering authority: Date: National Environmental Management Act (Act No. 1998 107 of 1998) National Environmental Management Act (Act No. 107 of 1998), Environmental Impact Assessment 2017 Regulations National Environmental Management: Waste Act 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008) Department of Environmental Affairs National Environmental Management: Biodiversity (DEA) and the Eastern Cape 2004 Act (Act No. 10 of 2004) Department of Economic National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Development, Environmental Affairs Act, 2004 (Act No. 10 of 2004) Alien and Invasive 2014 and Tourism Species regulations National Environmental Management: Protected 2003 Areas Act (Act No. 57 of 2003) National Environmental Management: Air Quality 2004 Act (Act No. 39 of 2004) Environmental Conservation Act (Act No. 73 of 1989 1989 South African Heritage Resources National Heritage Resources Act (Act No. 25 of Agency (SAHRA) and the Eastern Cape 1999 1999) Provincial Heritage Resource Authority (ECPHRA) Hazardous Substances Act (Act No. 15 of 1973) Department of Health (DoH) 1973 Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act No. 85 of Department of Labour (DoL) 1993 1993) National Road Traffic Act (Act No. 93 of 1996) Department of Transport (DoT) 1996

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National Forests Act (Act No. 84 of 1998) 1998 National Veld and Forest Fires Act (Act No. 101 of 1998 1998) Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act (Act No. 1983 43 of 1983) Department of Agriculture, Forestry Fertilizers, Farm Feeds, Seeds and Remedies Act and Fisheries (DAFF) (Act No. 36 of 1947). 1947

Agricultural Pests Act (Act No. 36 of 1983) 1983 Eastern Cape Department of Nature Conservation Ordinance (19 of 1974) Economic Development, 1974 Environmental Affairs and Tourism Municipal By-Laws Kou-Kamma Local Municipality Various The South African Vegetation Map (Mucina and South African National Biodiversity 2006 Rutherford) Institute (SANBI) The Eastern Cape Biodiversity Conservation Plan South African National Biodiversity 2007 (ECBCP) Institute (SANBI) Nelson Mandela Bay Conservation Assessment South African National Biodiversity 2009 and Plan Institute (SANBI) The National Freshwater Ecosystem Priority Areas South African National Biodiversity 2011 / (NFEPA) project Institute (SANBI) 2014

11. WASTE, EFFLUENT, EMISSION AND NOISE MANAGEMENT

11(a) Solid waste management

Will the activity produce solid construction waste during the construction/initiation phase? YES X If yes, what estimated quantity will be produced per month? 2 tonnes

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How will the construction solid waste be disposed of (describe)? Solid waste derived from the construction phase of the proposed development will include minor discarded construction material (e.g. pipeline cut-offs, packaging and excess lining material etc.), excess soil/spoil (from levelling) and a large volume of cleared bush vegetation (fynbos and alien vegetation). This soil/spoil waste will be reused, wherever possible (e.g. as fill material or topsoil depending on the quality). The vegetation waste will be chipped and mulched by the farmer in order for this to be used as compost material on the newly established apple and pear orchards. All additional waste will be removed and disposed of in the correct manner at a licenced landfill site. There is unlikely to be any liquid waste (e.g. wastewater or effluent) derived from the construction phase however, should any soil become contaminated by a hydrocarbon spill, this will be separated and removed to an adequate disposal facility.

Where will the construction solid waste be disposed of (describe)? The construction phase general solid waste that cannot be reused or recycled will be disposed by the appointed Contractor at a general landfill site.

Will the activity produce solid waste during its operational phase? YES X If yes, what estimated quantity will be produced per month? 150 m3

How will the solid waste be disposed of (describe)? During the operational phase, the majority of the waste derived from the development will be in the form of organic waste. All fruits not suitable for the international or national markets will be handled at the existing packaging warehouse where it will be disposed of as per the existing protocols of the business. Any fruit waste that won’t go to the warehouse will be used as organic waste and will be added to the compost utilised in the soil. No additional wastewater or sewerage will be derived from the proposed development during the operational phase, as the works will make use of the existing ablution facilities located in the warehouse. Therefore, there will be no new sewerage and/or effluent treatment systems required for the proposed development.

Where will the solid waste be disposed if it does not feed into a municipal waste stream (describe)? Not Applicable. All solid waste generated from the operational phase will reused or recycled or will feed into the municipal waste stream, which will be disposed at the Joubertina landfill site. .

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If the solid waste (construction or operational phases) will not be disposed of in a registered landfill site or be taken up in a municipal waste stream, then the applicant should consult with the competent authority to determine whether it is necessary to change to an application for scoping and EIA.

Can any part of the solid waste be classified as hazardous in terms of the relevant legislation? NO X

If yes, inform the competent authority and request a change to an application for scoping and EIA.

Not applicable. Very limited hazardous waste, such as empty chemical containers, oil rags and possible cement bags will be disposed of by the Contractor at the nearest permitted landfill site.

Is the activity that is being applied for a solid waste handling or treatment facility? NO X

If yes, then the applicant should consult with the competent authority to determine whether it is necessary to change to an application for scoping and EIA.

Not applicable. The activity is not a solid waste handling or treatment facility.

11(b) Liquid effluent

Will the activity produce effluent, other than normal sewage, that will be disposed of in a municipal NO X sewage system? If yes, what estimated quantity will be produced per month? Will the activity produce any effluent that will be treated and/or disposed of on site? NO X If yes, the applicant should consult with the competent authority to determine whether it is necessary to change to an application for scoping and EIA.

Effluent on the property is currently disposed through several flushing toilets that treat the effluent in a 10 000-litre septic tank system complete with a proper designed subsoil (French drain system). The ablutions are being done an existing facility and is located off-site. The proposed development will not result to the generation of additional effluent and the current treatment system will remain as it is. This treatment system will be sufficient for all of the workers during the construction and operational phase of the proposed development.

Will the activity produce effluent that will be treated and/or disposed of at another facility? NO X

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If yes, provide the particulars of the facility: Facility name: Contact person: Postal address: Postal code: Telephone: Cell: E-mail: Fax:

Describe the measures that will be taken to ensure the optimal reuse or recycling of waste water, if any: No reuse or recycling of waste water is proposed, however, the proponent will only utilise water that is absolutely necessary for irrigation of fruit frees and is within his permitted water irrigation volumes.

11(c) Emissions into the atmosphere

Will the activity release emissions into the atmosphere? YES X If yes, is it controlled by any legislation of any sphere of government? NO X

If yes, the applicant should consult with the competent authority to determine whether it is necessary to change to an application for scoping and EIA.

If no, describe the emissions in terms of type and concentration: It is highly likely that dust will be generated during the construction phase, particularly during strong winds. In addition, vehicle exhaust emissions from construction vehicles may occur. However, both of these construction-related emissions will be short-term and can be adequately controlled using simple management measures.

During the operational phase, it is possible that dust will be generated from vehicles travelling to and from the site during harvesting, especially during periods of strong winds. Other air emissions, including odours, may result from incorrect or excessive use of herbicide or pesticide, should this be required at some stage during the farming process.

11(d) Generation of noise

Will the activity generate noise? YES X If yes, is it controlled by any legislation of any sphere of government? NO X

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If yes, the applicant should consult with the competent authority to determine whether it is necessary to change to an application for scoping and EIA.

Not applicable.

If no, describe the noise in terms of type and level:

The construction phase of the proposed development will result in elevated noise levels related to the use of machinery, vehicles and contractors on site. Since the surrounding area is predominantly agricultural and natural land, there are very few sensitive receptors. Provided that construction activities occur within normal working hours, disturbance by elevated noise levels is likely to be minimal.

During the operational phase, noise will be generated by vehicles and staff conducting harvesting activities on site. Due to the remoteness of the site, this unlikely to have any significant impact on sensitive receptors.

12. WATER USE

Please indicate the source(s) of water that will be used for the activity by ticking the appropriate box(es) Municipal water board groundwater river, stream, dam or other the activity will not use lake water X

The proposed development will require minimal water during the construction phase. This water will be used primarily for the suppression of dust following the clearance of vegetation. During the operational phase, the apple and pear orchards will be irrigated with approximately 450 m3 of water per day (a maximum of 165 000 m3 per annum), dependant on the amount of rain received in the area.

All water required for the proposed development will be sourced from the existing storage dams located on the farm, which have been present on the farm for well over 25 years. These dams are currently used to irrigate the existing apple and pear orchards located directly north-east of the proposed new development area. A new underground polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipeline, approximately 240 m in length and up to 160 mm in diameter, will be implemented to transfer water from the existing abstraction point (storage dam) to the existing irrigation dam. A permanent 30-kilowatt (kW) pump system, with the ability to pump up to 70 m³ per hour, will be used to pump water from the abstraction point to the irrigation dam. The irrigation dam has a total footprint of approximately 1 638 m² and a total capacity of 2 900 m³. The irrigation dam is “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 29

www.dedea.gov.za situated at a relatively higher altitude to the proposed orchards and will therefore allow for irrigation of the orchards via gravity-fed irrigation pipelines that will be constructed along the boundaries of the orchards. Water delivery to the orchards will be achieved with the aid of “J-Clip” micro spray irrigation, which is aboveground PVC or HDPE 50 mm and 110 mm pipes attached with nozzles to allow for micro spray irrigation of the soil. The “J-Clip” irrigation infrastructure makes it possible to suspend the entire range of micro sprinklers.

If water is to be extracted from groundwater, river, stream, dam, lake or any other natural feature, please indicate the volume that will be extracted per month: 13 500m³ Does the activity require a water use permit from the Department of Water Affairs? Water Use License to be determined by the DWS.

If yes, please submit the necessary application to the Department of Water Affairs and attach proof thereof to this application if it has been submitted.

The water uses listed below have been identified as potential triggers for a water use authorisation (WUA) for the proposed development: - Section 21 (b): Storage of waster - Section 21 (c): impeding or diverting the flow of water in a watercourse - Section 21 (i): altering the bed, banks, course or characteristics of a watercourse

According to the National Water Act (36 of 1998) Section 21c and 21i General Authorisation (August 2016), a risk assessment must be undertaken for developments within the regulated area of watercourses. The proposed development is situated within 500 m of a wetland and within 100 m of a stream and will therefore either require a Water Use Licence or a General Authorisation, depending on the possible impact on the watercourses post mitigation.

The appointed Aquatic specialist has undertaken the required risk assessment matrix to determine the possible impact on the water resources and has indicated that the impact of the proposed development is of low significance after mitigation (See Ecological Assessment in Appendix D).

The need for a WUA will be discussed with the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) and will likely result in the requirement of a Water Use Licence or General Authorisation. Further detail on this will be provided in the Final Basic Assessment Report.

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13. ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Describe the design measures, if any, that have been taken to ensure that the activity is energy efficient: Where possible, recycling of waste and re-use of materials will be undertaken. Any lighting that will be required will be energy efficient (e.g. solar and/or motion activated). Harvesting of fruit will be done manually, therefore requiring less agricultural equipment and vehicles.

Describe how alternative energy sources have been taken into account or been built into the design of the activity, if any: Additional power will be supplied by means of small-scale Photo Voltaic panels connected to motion activated lights.

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SECTION B: SITE/AREA/PROPERTY DESCRIPTION

Important notes:

1. For linear activities (pipelines, etc) as well as activities that cover very large sites, it may be necessary to complete this section for each part of the site that has a significantly different environment. In such cases please complete copies of Section C and indicate the area, which is covered by each copy No. on the Site Plan.

Section C Copy No. (e.g. A): A (only copy)

2. Paragraphs 1 - 6 below must be completed for each alternative.

There is only one (1) reasonable and feasible locality/site alternative identified in Section A(2) above.

3. Has a specialist been consulted to assist with the completion of this section? YES X

If YES, please complete form XX for each specialist thus appointed:

All specialist reports must be contained in Appendix D.

Please refer to Appendix D for the Specialist Reports.

1. GRADIENT OF THE SITE

Indicate the general gradient of the site.

Alternative S1: 1:50 – 1:20 Flat 1:20 – 1:15 1:15 – 1:10 1:10 – 1:7,5 1:7,5 – 1:5 Steeper than 1:5 X

Alternative S2 (if any):

Alternative S3 (if any):

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Topography

The topography of the study area is a combination of lower lying valley areas and valley sides containing rocky outcrops with a steep gradient on the south-eastern part of the proposed site. The proposed site slopes from a mountain side in the south-east towards the Wabooms River in the north-west. In general, the topography of study area is on a concave slope between 580m and 630m metres above sea-level (Figure B.1).

Figure B.1: Topographical map of the study area.

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2. LOCATION IN LANDSCAPE

Indicate the landform(s) that best describes the site:

2.1 Ridgeline 2.2 Plateau 2.3 Side slope of hill/mountain X 2.4 Closed valley 2.5 Open valley X 2.6 Plain 2.7 Undulating plain / low hills X 2.8 Dune 2.9 Seafront

3. GROUNDWATER, SOIL AND GEOLOGICAL STABILITY OF THE SITE

Is the site(s) located on any of the following (tick the appropriate boxes)? Alternative S2 (if Alternative S3 (if Alternative S1: any): any): Shallow water table (less than 1.5m YES X deep) Dolomite, sinkhole or doline areas NO X Seasonally wet soils (often close to YES X water bodies) Unstable rocky slopes or steep NO X slopes with loose soil Dispersive soils (soils that dissolve NO X in water) Soils with high clay content (clay NO X fraction more than 40%) Any other unstable soil or NO X geological feature An area sensitive to erosion NO X

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Geology and Soils

The site is underlain with acidic lithosols derived from the Ordovician sandstones of the Table Mountain Group. Areas closer to the watercourses of the region also show distinctive plinthic catenas (i.e. soil colour variation in areas where soils are at times saturated with water) (Mucina & Rutherford, 2007).

The Soil and Terrain (SOTER) database, as published by the International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC, 2008), defines the project area soils as ‘lithic leptosols’ (LPq) and ‘Haplic Solonetz’ (SNh) (Figure B.2). Leptosols are soils with a very shallow profile depth (indicating little influence of soil- forming processes), and they often contain large amounts of gravel. Leptosols are approximately equally distributed among high mountain areas, deserts, and boreal or polar regions, where soil formation is limited by severe climatic conditions. Solonetz soils are defined by an accumulation of sodium salts and readily displaceable sodium ions bound to soil particles in a layer below the surface horizon (uppermost layer). This subsurface layer also contains a significant amount of accumulated clay. Solonetz soils occur in dry climatic zones and on parent materials either naturally enriched in sodium- bearing minerals or influenced by saline waters.

Figure B.2: Soil map of the study area. “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 35

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Agricultural Potential

The Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) has adapted the international land capability system into a database for all-natural areas within South Africa. The proposed project area falls within an area classified as ‘wilderness’ land (Figure B.3). One small part of the surrounding land area is also classified as ‘grazing’ land, which indicates that the area has a low sensitivity with regards to its agricultural potential. The DAFF database for agricultural potential is thus not representative, as the surrounding land areas are currently used for commercial apple and pear agricultural developments.

Figure B.3: Land capability map of the study area classifying the agricultural sensitivity of the land.

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Surface Water Features

The study area is situated within the L82D Nabooms / Kouga rivers catchment, within the Southern Eastern Coastal Belt Ecoregion (Figure B.4). The study area, due to the importance of these catchments, is also considered a Strategic Water Supply Area for surface water within the Mzimvubu / Tsitsikamma Water Management Area.

The proposed orchards will surround the Wabooms River, which dissects the north-western section of the property. No natural riparian vegetation remains along the banks of the river, as this zone is colonised by various species of alien trees. No natural wetlands or wetland clusters were shown in National Wetland Inventory (NWI) with the exception of some artificial dams. The artificial dam present on the property has a natural riverine wetland system and is dominated by Palmiet (Prionium serratum). The only additional aquatic features were the 1:50 000 watercourse located within the site, but was delineated at 1:2 000 scale (Figure B.5). This watercourse system functions only as a drainage line, with no aquatic features, habitats or species present.

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Figure B.4: Project locality indicating the various quaternary catchments, mainstem rivers and known wetlands or wetland clusters (Source DWS, NWI and NGI).

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Figure B.5: Delineated extent of riverine wetland, drainage line and artificial dam.

The project area also spans into an Aquatic Critical Biodiversity Area Type 1 (CBA 1) as shown in the Eastern Cape Biodiversity Conservation Plan (Desmet & Berliner, 2007) (Figure B.6). This is due to the region containing important riverine elements, coupled to the region being linked to the important catchments associated with the Kouga Mountains. This was further substantiated by the Garden Route Initiative projects, that highlighted the importance of the Ecological Support Role of these riverine systems as corridors, but did not take into consideration the lack of habitat continuity due to alien tree invasion.

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Figure B.6: Critical Biodiversity Areas as per the ECBCP and Garden Route Initiative Ecological Support Areas

The Present Ecological State (PES) for the main watercourses and wetlands in the study area were rated as follows:

Table B.1: Present Ecological State of the watercourses within the study area. Subquaternary Ecological Present Ecological State Ecological Importance Catchment Number Sensitivity 9013 C Moderate/Medium High

These scores were adjusted by observations made in the field, due to the current impacts such as the alien vegetation and potential agricultural return flow. The PES for the site was thus rated as D = Largely Modified, i.e. less than 40 % of the natural riparian vegetation remains based on the Riparian

Vegetation Responses Assessment Index (VEGRAI) model.

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If you are unsure about any of the above or if you are concerned that any of the above aspects may be an issue of concern in the application, an appropriate specialist should be appointed to assist in the completion of this section. (Information in respect of the above will often be available as part of the project information or at the planning sections of local authorities. Where it exists, the 1:50 000 scale Regional Geotechnical Maps prepared by the Council for Geo Science may also be consulted).

4. GROUNDCOVER

Indicate the types of groundcover present on the site:

4.1 Natural veld – good condition E X 4.2 Natural veld – scattered aliens E X 4.3 Natural veld with heavy alien infestation E X 4.4 Veld dominated by alien species E 4.5 Gardens 4.6 Sport field 4.7 Cultivated land 4.8 Paved surface 4.9 Building or other structure 4.10 Bare soil

The location of all identified rare or endangered species or other elements should be accurately indicated on the site plan(s).

Natural veld with Natural veld - good Natural veld with heavy alien Veld dominated by conditionE scattered aliensE Gardens infestationE alien speciesE X X X Building or other Bare soil Sport field Cultivated land Paved surface structure

If any of the boxes marked with an “E “is ticked, please consult an appropriate specialist to assist in the completion of this section if the environmental assessment practitioner doesn’t have the necessary expertise.

Please refer to Appendix D.1 for the Biodiversity Specialist report.

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Vegetation

According to the Mucina and Rutherford national vegetation classification (SANBI, 2018), the site is located within Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos.

Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos

The Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos vegetation type is not listed as a Threatened Ecosystem as per the National Environmental Management Biodiversity Act. The Ecological Specialist Report lists the typical species associated with Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos. Overall, the species assemblage was not sparse, with 42 of the 90 potential Genera being observed (46%), during the site visits. A higher number of forbs (bulbs) and grasses could occur but were not observed due to the prevailing dry conditions at the time of the survey, combined to the high level of disturbance and alien invasive tree cover. This was also reflected in the low number of Protected Plant species (PNCO & NFA), with only 19% of the listed species observed (See Appendix D.1: Table 1). High numbers were anticipated within the more intact areas of fynbos, but this could be ascribed to the secondary habitat that has colonized most of the lower slopes towards the river.

The proposed site is also situated 1 300 m from an area that contains the Endangered Eastern Coastal Shale Band Vegetation type. However, it was confirmed that the development site won’t impact any portions of this listed vegetation type, and little Eastern Coastal Shale Band Vegetation actually remains.

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Figure B.7: SANBI vegetation map of the study area.

Fauna

A detailed review of past literature as well as spatial species databases / atlases was also conducted to produce a species checklist prior to the field work being conducted by the specialist. The animal species observed were limited to invertebrates, small mammals (buck), birds and reptiles (Table B.2). Faunal diversity observed, due to the state of the site, was thus low when compared to the anticipated species known to occur in the region. Several duiker spoor tracks were observed along the roads and tracks within the study area and, based on the size of the spoor, it would possibly be Common Duiker (Sylvicapra grimmia), while Vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) were observed in various groups particularly along the remaining alien vegetation of the river banks. The number of invertebrate and reptile species observed was low, as it was anticipated to be higher, but this was possibly limited due to the cool conditions associated with this early winter period, when the survey was conducted.

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No species of special concern (IUCN Red Data species) were observed, but all are listed under the PNCO as protected as these are indigenous to South Africa. Further, no Important Bird Area with international importance is located within 15 km of the site.

Table B.2: Faunal species observed within the site. Taxon Common Name Conservation status and habitat Site observation Invertebrates Locusta pardalina Brown locust Least Concern Belenois aurota Brown veined Least Concern (SABCA 2013) Flying or feeding white within site Junonia hierta cebrene Yellow pansy Least Concern (SABCA 2013) Taxon Common Name Conservation status and habitat Site observation Birds Corvus albus Crow, Pied RDB, 2015 Least Concern Flyover Streptopelia senegalensis Dove, Laughing RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Bubulcus ibis Egret, Cattle RDB, 2015 Least Concern Flyover Bostrychia hagedash Ibis, Hadeda RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Passer melanurus Sparrow, Cape RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Anas capensis Cape Teal RDB, 2015 Least Concern Flyover Nectarinia [Cinnyris] Grey (Mouse- RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site veroxii coloured) Sunbird Pycnonotus capensis Cape Bulbul RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Alopochen aegyptiacus Egyptian Goose RDB, 2015 Least Concern Flyover Motacilla capensis Cape Wagtail RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Ardea cinerea Grey Heron RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Turtur chalcospilos Emerald-spotted RDB, 2015 Least Concern Calling within site Wood Dove Lamprotornis nitens Cape Starling RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Nectarinia famosa Malachite Sunbird RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Promerops cafer Cape sugar bird RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Chalcomitra amethystine Amethyst sunbird RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Upupa africana African Hoopoe RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Telophorus zeylonus Bokmakierie RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Dicrurus adsimilis Fork-tailed Drongo RDB, 2015 Least Concern Feeding within site Reptiles Dispholidus typus Boomslang Least Concern (ARRSA, 2014) In dense tree cover Philothamnus occidentalis Western Natal Least Concern (ARRSA, 2014) In dense tree cover Green Snake Psammophis crucifer Cross-marked Grass Least Concern (ARRSA, 2014) Secondary fynbos Snake “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 44

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Please refer to Appendix D.1 (Biodiversity Specialist report) for a detailed species list including the mammals observed on site.

Biodiversity and Protected Areas

Critical Biodiversity Areas (CBAs) are terrestrial and aquatic features in the landscape that are critical for conserving biodiversity and maintaining ecosystem functioning. According to the ECBCP (2003), the entire study area is located within a terrestrial CBA 2. The proposed development is also situated approximately 4 km north of the Formosa Provincial Nature Reserve, which is located on the opposite side of the mountain range to the south.

Figure B.8: Protected areas and Terrestrial Critical Biodiversity Areas.

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5. LAND USE CHARACTER OF SURROUNDING AREA

Indicate land uses and/or prominent features that currently occur within a 500m radius of the site and give description of how this influences the application or may be impacted upon by the application:

5.1 Natural area X 5.2 Low density residential 5.3 Medium density residential 5.4 High density residential 5.5 Informal residential 5.6 Retail commercial & warehousing 5.7 Light industrial 5.8 Medium industrial AN 5.9 Heavy industrial AN 5.10 Power station 5.11 Office/consulting room 5.12 Military or police base/station/compound 5.13 Spoil heap or slimes damA 5.14 Quarry, sand or borrow pit 5.15 Dam or reservoir X 5.16 Hospital/medical centre 5.17 School 5.18 Tertiary education facility 5.19 Church 5.20 Old age home 5.21 Sewage treatment plantA 5.22 Train station or shunting yard N 5.23 Railway line N 5.24 Major road (4 lanes or more) N 5.25 Airport N 5.26 Harbour 5.27 Sport facilities 5.28 Golf course 5.29 Polo fields 5.30 Filling station H 5.31 Landfill or waste treatment site 5.32 Plantation X 5.33 Agriculture X 5.34 River, stream or wetland X 5.35 Nature conservation area “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 46

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5.36 Mountain, koppie or ridge 5.37 Museum 5.38 Historical building 5.39 Protected Area 5.40 Graveyard 5.41 Archaeological site 5.42 Other land uses (describe)

If any of the boxes marked with an “N “are ticked, how will this impact / be impacted upon by the proposed activity.

Not applicable.

If any of the boxes marked with an "An" are ticked, how will this impact / be impacted upon by the proposed activity.

If YES, specify and explain: If YES, specify:

Not applicable.

If any of the boxes marked with an "H" are ticked, how will this impact / be impacted upon by the proposed activity.

If YES, specify and explain: If YES, specify:

Not applicable.

6. CULTURAL/HISTORICAL FEATURES

Are there any signs of culturally or historically significant elements, as defined in section 2 NO X of the National Heritage Resources Act, 1999, (Act No. 25 of 1999), including Archaeological or palaeontological sites, on or close (within 20m) to the site?

If YES, explain: Not applicable, no culturally or historically significant elements were identified.

If uncertain, conduct a specialist investigation by a recognised specialist in the field to establish whether there is such a feature(s) present on or close to the site.

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Briefly explain No signs of culturally or historically significant elements were identified during the the findings of site assessment. The entire site was previously cultivated and therefore any culturally the specialist: or historically significant elements would have already been disturbed during the initial cultivation of the land more than 25 years ago.

Will any building or structure older than 60 years be affected in any way? NO X Is it necessary to apply for a permit in terms of the National Heritage Resources Act, 1999 NO X (Act 25 of 1999)?

If yes, please submit or, make sure that the applicant or a specialist submits the necessary application to SAHRA or the relevant provincial heritage agency and attach proof thereof to this application if such application has been made.

Not applicable. No heritage application necessary.

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SECTION C: PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

1. ADVERTISEMENT

The person conducting a public participation process must take into account any guidelines applicable to public participation as contemplated in section 24J of the Act and must give notice to all potential interested and affected parties of the application which is subjected to public participation by— (a) fixing a notice board (of a size at least 60cm by 42cm; and must display the required information in lettering and in a format as may be determined by the competent authority) at a place conspicuous to the public at the boundary or on the fence of— (i) the site where the activity to which the application relates is or is to be undertaken; and (ii) any alternative site mentioned in the application; (b) giving written notice to— (i) the owner or person in control of that land if the applicant is not the owner or person in control of the land; (ii) the occupiers of the site where the activity is or is to be undertaken or to any alternative site where the activity is to be undertaken; (iii) owners and occupiers of land adjacent to the site where the activity is or is to be undertaken or to any alternative site where the activity is to be undertaken; (iv) the municipal councillor of the ward in which the site or alternative site is situated and any organisation of ratepayers that represent the community in the area; (v) the municipality which has jurisdiction in the area; (vi) any organ of state having jurisdiction in respect of any aspect of the activity; and (vii) any other party as required by the competent authority; (c) placing an advertisement in— (i) one local newspaper; or (ii) any official Gazette that is published specifically for the purpose of providing public notice of applications or other submissions made in terms of these Regulations; (d) placing an advertisement in at least one provincial newspaper or national newspaper, if the activity has or may have an impact that extends beyond the boundaries of the metropolitan or local municipality in which it is or will be undertaken: Provided that this paragraph need not be complied with if an advertisement has been placed in an official Gazette referred to in subregulation 54(c)(ii); and (e) using reasonable alternative methods, as agreed to by the competent authority, in those instances where a person is desiring of but unable to participate in the process due to— (i) illiteracy; (ii) disability; or (iii) any other disadvantage.

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2. CONTENT OF ADVERTISEMENTS AND NOTICES

A notice board, advertisement or notices must: (a) indicate the details of the application which is subjected to public participation; and (b) state— (i) that the application has been submitted to the competent authority in terms of these Regulations, as the case may be; (ii) whether basic assessment or scoping procedures are being applied to the application, in the case of an application for environmental authorisation; (iii) the nature and location of the activity to which the application relates; (iv) where further information on the application or activity can be obtained; and (iv) the manner in which and the person to whom representations in respect of the application may be made.

Site Notices

A site notice was placed at the main entrance to the proposed site (as per the requirements of Section 41 of the 2014 NEMA EIA Regulations) on the 15th of June 2020 (Figure C.1).

Figure C.1: Position where site notice was placed. “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 50

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Notification of the Basic Assessment Process

Notification of the Basic Assessment process commenced on the 28th of July 2020 when the letters of notification were sent, via email to all I&APs (Figure C.2). All I&APs were notified and requested to confirm if they would be able to access reports electronically. A newspaper advertisement will be placed in The Kouga Express to notify further potential I&APs of the availability of the Draft Basic Assessment Report.

Figure C.2: Preview of the notification letter sent via email “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 51

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Distribution of Background Information Documents (BIDs)

The purpose of the Background Information Document (BID) is to ensure that the relevant information, including the process being followed, was made available to a wide range of stakeholders. The BID formed part of the notification that was sent to all I&APs. The BID included information regarding the project details, the public participation process and the contact details for commenting on the development (Figure C.3).

Figure C.3: Preview of the BID. “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 52

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3. PLACEMENT OF ADVERTISEMENTS AND NOTICES

Where the proposed activity may have impacts that extend beyond the municipal area where it is located, a notice must be placed in at least one provincial newspaper or national newspaper, indicating that an application will be submitted to the competent authority in terms of these regulations, the nature and location of the activity, where further information on the proposed activity can be obtained and the manner in which representations in respect of the application can be made, unless a notice has been placed in any Gazette that is published specifically for the purpose of providing notice to the public of applications made in terms of the EIA regulations. Advertisements and notices must make provision for all alternatives.

A newspaper advertisement will be placed in The Kouga Express, a provincial publication that is distributed throughout the Kou-Kamma Local Municipality (Figure C.4). The advertisement will be used to notify the general public of the proposed project and the availability of the Draft BAR for public review. Proof of placement of the newspaper advertisement will be included in the Final BAR.

4. DETERMINATION OF APPROPRIATE MEASURES

The practitioner must ensure that the public participation is adequate and must determine whether a public meeting or any other additional measure is appropriate or not based on the particular nature of each case. Special attention should be given to the involvement of local community structures such as Ward Committees, ratepayers associations and traditional authorities where appropriate. Please note that public concerns that emerge at a later stage that should have been addressed may cause the competent authority to withdraw any authorisation it may have issued if it becomes apparent that the public participation process was inadequate.

Public Participation Plan The public participation process to be undertaken for the abovementioned development aligns with the requirements of the 2014 NEMA EIA Regulations (as amended) as well as the Directions Regarding Measures to Address, Prevent and Combat the Spread of COVID-19 Relating to National Environmental Management Permits and Licences (GN R 650, dated 5 June 2020). The Public Participation Plan was submitted to the DEDEAT on 17 July 2020 and conditionally accepted on 22 July 2020. Please refer to Appendix E for the approved Public Participation Plan.

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Completed Public Participation

In order to ensure that all Interested and/or Affected Parties (I&APs) are aware of the proposed project and afforded sufficient opportunity to raise comments and or concerns, the Basic Assessment process was announced using the following methods: • Site notices; • Electronic distribution of written notifications (via email); • Notification of the proposed development via SMS/WhatsApp; • Newspaper advertisement; and • Electronic distribution of Background Information Documents (BIDs) (via email);

Not only did the abovementioned methods allow for the notification of the proposed development, but they also made provision for I&APs to request, review and comment on all draft reports. The contact details of the EAP (including email address, telephone number and postal address) was provided on all notification documentation, allowing the I&APs to contact the EAP and request project information and/or reports, via numerous communication methods. All comments and concerns provided by the I&APs will be included and addressed in the final reports.

Public Participation on the Draft BAR

Access to Draft Reports

During the pre-assessment notifications of the project, the I&APs were requested to confirm that they would be able to access the draft reports electronically. In order to ensure that all stakeholders and I&APs received the notification and would have access to download the documents, a ‘read receipt’ was requested via the email notification. In the cases where I&APs did not respond with a ‘read receipt’ and no response or comment was received, these I&APs were contacted telephonically (either via phone call, SMS or WhatsApp) to ensure that they received the notification and were able to receive documents electronically. All I&APs were able to confirm that they could receive electronic versions of the reports except for the following stakeholders who requested CD copies to be delivered to their offices: - Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS)

Draft Reports for Public Review

The Draft BAR will be made available for a thirty (30) day review period. All stakeholders and I&APs have been notified of the availability of the draft reports draft reports via the newspaper

www.dedea.gov.za advertisement, SMS, WhatsApp and via email notifications, following confirmation that they are able to access the reports electronically. The Draft BAR (this report) will be made available for the prescribed period and can be viewed/downloaded from the Habitat Link Consulting website (www.habitatlink.co.za/current-projects). Please refer to additional details regarding the PPP process as per the approved Public Participation Plan included in Appendix E.

5. COMMENTS AND RESPONSE REPORT

The practitioner must record all comments and respond to each comment of the public before the application is submitted. The comments and responses must be captured in a comments and response report as prescribed in the EIA regulations and be attached to this application. The comments and response report must be attached under Appendix E.

Please refer to Appendix E for the detailed correspondences send to all I&APs. No comments were received from any I&APs up to date and any issues or concerns received on the Draft Basic Assessment Reports will be included and addressed in the Issues & Response Trail (IRT) in the Final BAR.

6. AUTHORITY PARTICIPATION

Authorities are key interested and affected parties in each application and no decision on any application will be made before the relevant local authority is provided with the opportunity to give input. The planning and the environmental sections of the local authority must be informed of the application at least 30 (thirty) calendar days before the submission of the application.

List of authorities informed: A full I&AP list can be viewed in Appendix E of this report together with proof of notification of Organs of State.

List of authorities from whom comments have been received: No comments have been received to date and all comments received on the Draft Basic Assessment Reports will be addressed in the Final Basic Assessment Report.

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Figure C.4: Newspaper advertisement to be placed in The Kouga Express. Note that the commenting dates provided in the above advert are likely to have changed depending on the publication date.

7. CONSULTATION WITH OTHER STAKEHOLDERS

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Note that, for linear activities, or where deviation from the public participation requirements may be appropriate, the person conducting the public participation process may deviate from the requirements of that subregulation to the extent and in the manner as may be agreed to by the competent authority.

Any stakeholder that has a direct interest in the site or property, such as servitude holders and service providers, should be informed of the application at least 30 (thirty) calendar days before the submission of the application and be provided with the opportunity to comment.

During the inception phase of the EIA process, I&APs and other key stakeholders were identified for the proposed development. This included identification of surrounding landowners, land occupants, farmers associations, ward councillor and relevant governmental officials. The engagement with I&APs and other stakeholders will continue throughout the Basic Assessment process. All I&AP information (including contact details) is maintained by the EAP and recorded in a comprehensive I&AP database. This database will be updated on an on-going basis throughout the project and will act as a record of the communication and involvement process.

Has any comment been received from stakeholders? YES X If “YES”, briefly describe the feedback below (also attach copies of any correspondence to and from the stakeholders to this application):

Comments received during the pre-application phase: • The DAFF provided initial comments on the requirement for an application for virgin soils and the use of windbreakers in terms of the CARA Act.

Detailed proof of placement of PPP material, as well as the full I&AP list and correspondence received from all I&APs is provided in Appendix E.

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SECTION D: IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The assessment of impacts must adhere to the minimum requirements in the EIA Regulations, 2014 as amended, and should take applicable official guidelines into account. The issues raised by interested and affected parties should also be addressed in the assessment of impacts.

1. ISSUES RAISED BY INTERESTED AND AFFECTED PARTIES

List the main issues raised by interested and affected parties. The following issues were raised by I&APs to date: 1. A cultivation permit is required before virgin soils may be disturbed; 2. The use of windbreaker trees needs to comply with the CARA Act.

Response from the practitioner to the issues raised by the interested and affected parties (A full response must be given in the Comments and Response Report that must be attached to this report): The EAP’s response to the abovementioned issues raised to date are as follows: 1. The applicant will obtain the required cultivation permit in terms of CARA, before disturbance of the virgin soil of a natural veld will take place. 2. The applicant does not propose to plant any trees as windbreakers for this development.

Please refer to Appendix E for the detailed correspondences from the EAP to all I&APs. Any issues or concerns received during the Basic Assessment process will be added to the Issues & Response Trail (IRT) summary for inclusion in the Final BAR.

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2. IMPACTS THAT MAY RESULT FROM THE PLANNING AND DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATIONAL, DECOMMISSIONING AND CLOSURE PHASES AS WELL AS PROPOSED MANAGEMENT OF IDENTIFIED IMPACTS AND PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES

List the potential direct, indirect and cumulative property/activity/design/technology/operational alternative related impacts (as appropriate) that are likely to occur as a result of the planning and design phase, construction phase, operational phase, decommissioning and closure phase, including impacts relating to the choice of site/activity/technology alternatives as well as the mitigation measures that may eliminate or reduce the potential impacts listed.

The identified impacts associated with the proposed development, as well as the proposed mitigation measures, are provided below. The impact assessment methodology is provided in Appendix G.5 of this report.

Planning and Design Phase Impacts

Activities associated with the design and pre-construction phase pertains mostly to planning and design around the proposed development, and is done at a desktop level. In some cases, site visits need to take place but the impact of these visits is negligible, if any, e.g. photographs, GPS point’s etc.

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Construction Phase Impacts

These impacts pertain to the clearing of approximately 19 ha of indigenous vegetation with a bulldozer, the chipping and mulching of the cleared vegetation for use as organic compost, the levelling and shaping of the cultivation area, the establishment of apple and pear orchards, the installation of the irrigation networks and the upgrading of existing access roads.

Table D.1: Construction phase impacts associated with the proposed development together with the relevant mitigation measures and resultant impact significance.

Layout • Ideally, all areas rated as high sensitivity should be 1. Loss of terrestrial vegetation or habitats that could Resource Alternative excluded from the development proposal, however, contain various species of special concern, and then Local Permanent High Irreversible cannot be Definite Moderate HIGH ̶ MODERATE ̶ 1 as this is not possible due to various development and replaced with apple and pear orchards and associated replaced (Preferred) economic constraints, the following is proposed: infrastructure – Direct Negative Impact o Complete avoidance of near intact fynbos habitat, The clearing of terrestrial habitat with a high to very o Loss of the secondary habitat must be offset with high sensitivity rating will result in the loss of several protection of the area rated as very high / high species of special concern. Due to the nature of the sensitivity, remain free from alien plants and be project, this impact will persist in the long term into the monitored for any erosion; and operational phase and would impact on the remaining • A detailed walkdown must be conducted to fynbos that was rated as VERY HIGH/HIGH sensitivity. determine the final list of species that will require Layout Alternative 1, in particular, would impact on the DEDEAT & DEFF permits and a search and rescue highly sensitive fynbos areas, while vegetation affected Layout Resource (S&R) plan should be initiated. Any plants that by Layout Alternative 2, has a much lower sensitivity Alternative Local Permanent Moderate Irreversible cannot be Definite High MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ require relocation could be planted within areas that rating (avoiding highly sensitive areas). 2 replaced won’t be developed.

2. Habitat fragmentation (aquatic and terrestrial) – Direct and Cumulative Negative Impact Layout Resource Alternative Partly may be Based on the information collected during the Site Permanent High Definite Moderate MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ 1 Reversible partly • As per the mitigation measures included in Impact 1 assessment (i.e. information contained within the (Preferred) destroyed above; and ECBCP due to the study area located within Critical • In adhering to the above, habitat fragmentation Biodiversity Areas, the natural vegetation type and the within (and more importantly the connection with) proposed development activities), habitat intact habitats still surrounding the site must be fragmentation (reduction in ecosystem corridors for Resource promoted, assuming that the areas around the site the terrestrial environment) could occur, but is unlikely Layout Partly may be will remain undeveloped in the near future. within the aquatic environment. Due to the nature of Alternative Site Permanent Moderate Definite Moderate Reversible partly MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ 2 the project this will persist in the long term into the destroyed operational phase.

• A walk down by a suitably qualified person should be 3. Impacts on Fauna – Direct Negative Impact conducted as vegetation clearance is initiated in Some disturbance and loss of fauna may occur as a Resource All Highly order to remove any fauna that may be disturbed result of vegetation clearance. Due to the nature of the Site Short-term Moderate Reversible cannot be High LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE Alternatives Probable during the construction process; project this will be a short-term impact during the replaced • Construction activities should not exceed the construction phase within the footprint of the site. proposed boundaries and must avoid the secondary “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 60

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SIGNIFICANCE Spatial Severity Reversibility Irreplaceable Probability Mitigation SIGNIFICANCE IMPACT Alternative Duration (D) (before Mitigation Extent (E) (S) (R) Loss (I) (P) Potential (after mitigation) mitigation) impact of increasing the areas that would require clearing and rehabilitation; and • Excavations and trenches must be adequately barricaded to prevent any wildlife injuries or mortalities. Trenches must be backfilled and closed as soon as possible. 4. Sedimentation and soil erosional impacts – Direct and • Undertake clearance and planting of apple and pear Cumulative Negative Impact Layout Resource Alternative Partly may be trees in a phased manner; With the removal of vegetation during construction, Local Short-term Moderate Probable Moderate LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE 1 Reversible partly • Ensure that clearance of vegetation avoids, as far as bare exposed soils will be created and topsoil may be (Preferred) destroyed possible, all steeply sloped areas; lost. This may result in erosion and sedimentation, • Appropriate erosion control measures must be following rainfall and subsequent sheet-wash. implemented to ensure that no erosion is taking Together with the existing apple and pear orchards in place. At the first sign of erosion the necessary the area, this may cumulatively contribute to reduced remedial action must be taken; water quality due to sedimentation and turbidity • Implement sediment traps (e.g. placement of straw increases in the nearby watercourses. In addition, the Resource Layout bales) in areas of potentially high runoff prior to the soils will be traversed by a number of vehicles during Partly may be Alternative Local Short-term High Probable Moderate MODERATE ̶ commencement of clearing; LOW ̶ the construction phase which is likely to result in soil Reversible partly 2 • Care must be taken to ensure that runoff is well compaction. This may result in degradation of the soil destroyed dispersed so as to limit erosion; and over time. Due to Layout Alternative 2 being located on a steeper slope, the sedimentation and soil erosion will • All temporarily impacted areas must be rehabilitated have a more significant impact than Layout with indigenous vegetation as soon as construction Alternative 1. in the particular area or phase of work is complete • Chemicals used for construction must be stored safely on site and surrounded by bunds. Chemical storage containers must be regularly inspected so that any leaks are detected early; • Littering and contamination of water sources during construction must be prevented by effective on-site 5. Pollution of surface and groundwater resources – management; Direct Negative Impact Resource All Medium- Partly may be • No stockpiling should take place within a water Spills and leaks from any plant during the construction Local Very High Possible Moderate LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ Alternatives term Reversible partly course or wetland; phase of the development could potentially impact the destroyed • All stockpiles must be protected from erosion, stored water quality via chemical pollution. on flat areas where run-off will be minimised, and be surrounded by bunds; and • Once construction has been completed the disturbed areas must be grubbed and levelled, i.e. no raised areas should occur that would divert or impound any surface water flows. • Construction material must be reused or recycled 6. Solid Waste Pollution – Direct Negative Impact where possible (e.g. mulching of cleared vegetation); The construction phase of the activity will produce • Other waste to be removed to a licenced landfill site; construction waste in the form of discarded • General good house-keeping must be implemented. construction material (e.g. pipeline cut-offs, packaging Resource All Completely Highly No litter to remain on site; material etc.), excess soil/spoil (from levelling) and a Site Short-term Low will not be High LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ Alternatives Reversible Probable • Spills must be avoided during transportation of large volume of cleared bush vegetation (fynbos and lost material; and alien vegetation). The incorrect management of these • wastes may result in pollution of the surrounding Sufficient and appropriate weather- and scavenger- natural areas. proof bins must be made available on site during construction and removed/emptied on a daily basis. “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 61

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SIGNIFICANCE Spatial Severity Reversibility Irreplaceable Probability Mitigation SIGNIFICANCE IMPACT Alternative Duration (D) (before Mitigation Extent (E) (S) (R) Loss (I) (P) Potential (after mitigation) mitigation) 7. Dust Creation – Direct Negative Impact The construction activities will increase the potential • Ensure that exposed areas are dampened following for dust especially from the clearing of vegetation. vegetation clearance; During the construction phase of the activity, materials Resource • Construction work to be halted during periods of All Completely Highly will be moved to and from the project site and this Site Short-term Moderate will not be High strong wind; and Alternatives Reversible Probable LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ could result in dust pollution not only from the lost • Maintain vegetation as a windbreak in the area facing materials, but also from the construction vehicles the prevailing wind direction until the completion of which will be operating on site. The effects of dust will construction. be exacerbated during high wind conditions. 8. Noise Nuisance – Direct Negative Impact It can be expected that there will be an increase in noise • Construction vehicles to be in sound working order levels during the site preparation and construction Resource and fitted with mufflers if necessary; phase of the development. The increase in noise will be All Completely Highly Site Short-term Low will not be High LOW ̶ • Limit construction to daylight hours; and NEGLIGIBLE ̶ associated with the operation of construction Alternatives Reversible Probable lost • Restrict unnecessary noise (e.g. portable radios, equipment, labourers and vehicles, especially the vehicle radios, whistles etc.). bulldozer used to clear vegetation and conduct maintenance on the internal roads. • All drivers to have the necessary driving permits to operate the plant/vehicles; • All traffic laws must be obeyed at all times Avoid transportation of construction material during peak 9. Construction Traffic and Road Impacts – Direct hours; Negative Impact • Any abnormal loads must be approved with the traffic During construction, there will be an increase in the authorities and must comply with any conditions number of vehicles using the nearby farm roads, Resource All Completely imposed by the authorities; including heavy construction vehicles. This may result Local Short-term Low will not be Possible High LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ Alternatives Reversible • Avoid transportation of construction material during in damage to the roads. The construction vehicles could lost peak hours; also impede other farmers at certain sections of the • The Contractor must employ flag staff in order to roads to the site if not adequately managed and prevent on-site accidents; controlled. • Speed must be limited to 30 km/h on site; • Overloading of vehicles must not occur; and • Any damage to existing access roads as a result of the construction activities must be immediately repaired. 10. Impact on the Visual Aesthetics of the Area – Direct • Good house-keeping to be implemented on site; Negative Impact • Construction materials to be stored neatly and waste During construction, the proposed project site will be to be collected on a regular basis; transformed as a result of construction vehicles and Resource • Erosion, waste vegetation and dust to be mitigated All Partly workers moving throughout the area. The clearance of Site Short-term Low will not be Definite Moderate Alternatives Reversible LOW ̶ as per the abovementioned mitigation measures; NEGLIGIBLE ̶ a large area of natural vegetation will visually change lost and the aesthetics of the site however, due to the • All disturbed areas surrounding the proposed remoteness of the site, there are no identified sensitive development must be rehabilitated and all alien receptors that will be impacted. vegetation and weeds removed from these areas.

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SIGNIFICANCE Spatial Severity Reversibility Irreplaceable Probability Mitigation SIGNIFICANCE IMPACT Alternative Duration (D) (before Mitigation Extent (E) (S) (R) Loss (I) (P) Potential (after mitigation) mitigation) • All relevant Health and Safety legislation as required 11. Impacts on Health, Safety and Fire Risk – Direct in South Africa should be strictly adhered to, Negative Impact including but not limited to the Occupational Health The use of construction machinery during the and Safety Act, 1993 (No. 85 of 1993); construction phase poses a potential risk to the health Resource • Smoking should be confined to a designated smoking All Partly may be and safety of people working at the construction site. Site Short-term High Possible High area; Alternatives Reversible partly LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ The movement of construction vehicles also increases destroyed • Ensure availability of fire extinguishers; and the risk of accidents along farm roads. The risk of • All employees must be aware of emergency/ accidents, fires and potential injuries must be mitigated contingency plans to ensure an understanding of the effectively. hazards and procedures required during an emergency situation. 12. Impact on Archaeological Remains – Direct Negative Impact No archaeological sites (e.g. graves) were observed on site. Although archaeological sites/materials may be • Should such material be exposed then work must covered by soil and vegetation, it would appear unlikely cease in the immediate area of the finds and it must that remains will be exposed due to the historic Resource be reported to the Albany Museum (046 622 2312) cultivation that took place on the site. Although it is All may be or to the Eastern Cape Provincial Heritage Resources Site Permanent Low Irreversible Possible Moderate LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ unlikely that archaeological remains will be found in Alternatives partly Authority (043 642 2811), so that a systematic and situ, there is always a possibility that human remains destroyed professional investigation can be undertaken; and and/or other archaeological and historical material • Sufficient time should be allowed to remove/collect may be uncovered during the development. Should this such material. be the case, there is a possibility that archaeological remains could be damaged or lost during the construction of the proposed development. • The Contractor and ECO responsible for these developments should be alerted to the possibility of fossil remains being found either on the surface or 13. Impact on Paleontological Resources – Direct Negative exposed by fresh excavations during construction; Impact and Although highly unlikely, it is possible that the Resource All may be • Should fossil remains be discovered during discovery or exposure of substantial fossil remains may Site Permanent Moderate Irreversible Unlikely Moderate LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ Alternatives partly construction, these should be safeguarded occur during the construction phase. Should this be the destroyed (preferably in situ) and the ECO should alert the case, it is also possible that these fossils will be Eastern Cape Provincial Heritage Resources Authority damaged or lost during the construction phase. (ECPHRA. Contact details: Mr Sello Mokhanya, 74 Alexander Road, King Williams Town 5600; Email: [email protected]). 14. Employment Creation and Local Business Development – Direct and Indirect Positive Impact The construction phase of the proposed development • Employ local people wherever possible; and will create temporary jobs for locals within the area. All Completely Not Highly Local Short-term Moderate High LOW + • Purchase materials from local businesses wherever MODERATE + Where possible, materials will be sourced from local Alternatives Reversible Applicable Probable possible. businesses and this will result in a boost of the local economy of the immediate vicinity and surrounding areas.

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Operational Phase Impacts

These impacts pertain to the operation of apple and pear orchards, which will include the annual harvesting of up to 800 tonnes of fruit, the transportation of the fruit to the exiting packaging warehouse and the ongoing irrigation of the trees (Table D.2).

Table D.2: Operational phase impacts associated with the proposed development together with the relevant mitigation measures and resultant impact significance. SIGNIFICANCE Spatial Severity Reversibility Irreplaceable Probability Mitigation SIGNIFICANCE IMPACT Alternative Duration (D) (before Mitigation Extent (E) (S) (R) Loss (I) (P) Potential (after mitigation) mitigation) • Clearing of vegetation should be kept to a minimum, keeping the width and length of the disturbed area to a minimum and, where possible, in already disturbed areas or servitudes; 15. Spread of Alien Vegetation into the Terrestrial • Alien plant regrowth should also be monitored, and Environment – Direct Negative Impact any such species should be removed at regular Several invasive species were recorded during the Resource intervals throughout the operational phase; All Completely may be Highly MODERATE survey and these could colonise areas of disturbance. Site Long-term Moderate High • Only local topsoil maybe used and If any are LOW ̶ Alternatives Reversible partly Probable ̶ This has already started within the previously disturbed destroyed imported, these should be certified alien plant free; areas and could be exacerbated during the operation of and the apple and pear orchards. • Any area slow to recover must be revegetated through active means of seeding and watering as required. Where soils are slow to revegetate, these areas should be grubbed and planted with species suited to the region. 16. Impact on surface water runoff patterns – Direct and Cumulative Negative Impact Layout Resource • No run-off should be allowed to leave the site The dense vegetation will be replaced with irrigated Alternative Completely may be directly and any flows should be contained; Local Long-term Moderate Probable Moderate LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ areas, additional roads and access tracks that have the 1 Reversible partly • Development footprints should be minimised, where ability to increase run-off in downstream areas, due to (Preferred) destroyed possible, to reduce hardened surfaces which reduce vegetation cover. By intercepting and slowing contribute to stormwater generation; and precipitation hitting the ground, vegetation • Should further erosion be observed, additional substantially reduces the volume and rate of runoff. Resource stormwater management and erosion measures Layout This then prevents soil erosion. Due to the location of Partly may be MODERATE must be put in place in the steep sections to Alternative Local Long-term High Definite Moderate Reversible partly LOW ̶ steep slopes, Layout Alternative 2 would have 2 ̶ minimise the risk of increased stormwater runoff significantly greater impacts on surface water runoff destroyed and associated erosion/siltation. patterns than Layout Alternative 1. Layout Resource • Ensure farm vehicles are serviced regularly as per Alternative Partly may be Highly maintenance requirements; Local Long-term Very High Moderate HIGH ̶ MODERATE ̶ 1 Reversible partly Probable • Any spills and leaks to be cleaned immediately and 17. Risks on the aquatic environment due to water quality (Preferred) destroyed disposed of as hazardous waste; impacts – Direct and Cumulative Negative Impact • It is important that no contaminated surface water This impact is mostly related to the proposed runoff is allowed to be directed into any water agricultural activities that would generate return flows, courses; especially if areas are over irrigated, which could then Resource • Implementation of runoff trenches to trap surface- Layout contain elevated nutrient loads. These will be greater Partly may be MODERATE runoff that may contain herbicide or fertilizer; Alternative Local Long-term High Probable Moderate LOW ̶ for Layout Alternative 1 due to the close proximity to Reversible partly • Avoid the use of excess fertiliser and utilise organic 2 ̶ the Wabooms River. destroyed fertiliser (mulching) wherever possible; and • Ensure the proper use of fertiliser and herbicide. • Ensure the correct irrigation rates, to ensure that soils are not over-saturated and cause run-off.

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• Monitor water consumption to ensure water utilised

18. Utilisation of Water Resources – Direct and Cumulative Technology Resource is within water allocation rights for property; Negative Impact Alternative Completely may be MODERATE Local Long-term Moderate Definite Moderate • Irrigation of apples and pears must be done LOW ̶ The proposed development will rely on water from the 1 Reversible partly ̶ conservatively and on an as-and-when required existing rainwater dams, located on the proponent’s (Preferred) destroyed basis; farm, to meet the demands of the irrigation for the • Application rates of water to be in line with crop fruits. Irrigation, via micro-spray irrigation or drip- requirements, and excessive use of water to be irrigation, needs to ensure that the apple and pear avoided; orchards receive all the water made available and not Resource Technology • Ensure that all irrigation infrastructure is monitored result in a lot of water being lost to evaporation and, Completely may be MODERATE Alternative Regional Long-term Moderate Definite Moderate and maintained regularly to avoid leaks; and LOW ̶ potentially, a lot more water being lost during Reversible partly ̶ 2 • Irrigate crops at suitable times in order to avoid irrigation. destroyed excess evaporation.

• Ensure all harvesting equipment is safe for use and maintained/serviced on a regular basis; 19. Health, Safety and Fire Impacts – Direct Negative • Application of fertilizers and herbicides to be Impact undertaken by adequately trained personnel Potential injury of employees working with harvesting utilising the necessary PPE; tools and machinery, as well as the effects of herbicides Resource • Chemicals to be stored in a locked storage area to and pesticides, could result in several negative health All Partly may be MODERATE prevent unauthorised access; Site Long-term High Possible High LOW ̶ impacts on staff at the site. In addition, any dry Alternatives Reversible partly ̶ • All containers to be properly labelled; vegetation or old trees resulting from the project could destroyed • Remove dry/dead trees immediately to avoid fire proliferate a fire, which is a higher risk as a result of hazards; increased workers on site, especially during the • Smoking to be prohibited on site; harvesting season. • No open flames permitted on the site; and. • Operations to be conducted as per the Occupational Health and Safety Act. • Speeds may not exceed 40 km/h on site or on the farm roads leading to the site in order to reduce dust; • Areas of bare soil must be re-vegetated to in order to limit dust; 20. Air Quality Impacts – Direct Negative Impact • The application of herbicides and pesticides must be Air emissions include dust that will be generated from done in a controlled manner and must be limited to vehicles travelling to and from the site during the minimum required for the apple and pear Resource harvesting, especially during periods of strong winds. All Completely orchards; Local Long-term Moderate will not be Probable High Alternatives Reversible LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ Other air emissions, including odours, may result from lost • Ensure that herbicide and pesticide spray equipment incorrect or excessive use of herbicide or pesticide, is correctly calibrated to spray only over the apple should this be required at some stage during the and pear area and not the surrounding lands; farming process. • Application of herbicide and pesticide to be undertaken by adequately trained personnel utilising the necessary PPE; and • Choose low-emission management methods and avoid emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations.

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SIGNIFICANCE Spatial Severity Reversibility Irreplaceable Probability Mitigation SIGNIFICANCE IMPACT Alternative Duration (D) (before Mitigation Extent (E) (S) (R) Loss (I) (P) Potential (after mitigation) mitigation) • All farm equipment, including tractors and other vehicles, to be properly serviced in order to meet the 21. Noise Disturbance – Direct Negative Impact necessary noise level requirements; During the operational phase, noise will be generated Resource • Restriction of noise-producing equipment to daylight All Completely Highly by vehicles and staff conducting harvesting activities on Site Long-term Low will not be High hours where possible; Alternatives Reversible Probable LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ site. Due to the remoteness of the site, this unlikely to lost • Restriction of any unnecessary noise e.g. portable have any significant impact on sensitive receptors. radios, vehicle radios, whistles etc.; and • General adherence to the municipal by-laws regarding noise in rural areas. • General good house-keeping should be practiced on site; 22. Solid Waste Pollution– Direct Negative Impact • Litter must be controlled by ensuring that adequate During the operational phase, the proposed bins are made available. These must be made development will produce solid waste in the form of scavenger proof and must be emptied on a regular agricultural waste (e.g. plastic containers, plastic bags), basis; hazardous waste (e.g. batteries, oily rags, contaminated • General and hazardous waste must be separated and Resource soil from leaks, fuel/oil containers) and organic waste in All Completely MODERATE disposed of at respective suitably licenced waste Local Long-term Moderate will not be Definite High Alternatives Reversible LOW ̶ the form of fruit waste. The incorrect management of lost ̶ disposal sites; this waste will have a negative impact on the • While transporting the waste, care should be taken environment as it can cause unnecessary pollution and as to not spill waste between the property and the also have a detrimental effect on the aesthetics of the disposal site; and proposed site as well as on surface- and ground-water • Recycling and reusing of plastic and cardboard must quality. be undertaken wherever possible to reduce the amount of waste being disposed of at the municipal transfer station. 23. Employment Creation and Local Business • As far as possible, local labour should be used during Development – Direct and Indirect Positive Impact harvesting and during other farming activities; The operational phase of the proposed development • Ensure that the maximum employment is generated will create a few permanent jobs and numerous All Completely MODERATE during the harvesting season by using hand labour for seasonal jobs for locals within the area. Where possible, Local Long-term Moderate N/A Definite High HIGH + Alternatives Reversible picking, and encourage seasonal workers to return materials (e.g. harvesting equipment) will be sourced + each year; and from local businesses and this will result in a boost of • Purchase materials from local businesses wherever the local economy of the immediate vicinity and possible. surrounding areas. 24. Improvement to Food Security – Direct and Cumulative Positive Impact The proposed development aims to provide food to Layout Alternative Completely MODERATE MODERATE local and international markets in the form of apples National Long-term Low N/A Definite High 1 Reversible + + and pears. This, together with the numerous other fruit (Preferred) • Ensure that the production of fruit is maintained to developments in the Langkloof area and throughout the the highest possible quality; and region, has a cumulative impact on reducing food • Avoid any food waste (e.g. fruit that cannot be sold insecurity by contributing to the agricultural sector. The to international markets should be distributed to the different layouts proposed for the development will local communities). Layout result in different tonnages of fruit being produced on Completely MODERATE Alternative National Long-term Very low N/A Definite High Reversible LOW + an annual basis. The Layout Alternative 1 is the 2 + applicants preferred layout, as it includes all the areas suitable for apple and pear orchards.

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25. Contribution to the Local and National GDP – Direct Layout and Cumulative Positive Impact Alternative Completely MODERATE • Maximise yield per hectare to maximise economic MODERATE National Long-term Low N/A Definite High The proposed development aims to produce apples and 1 Reversible + benefit; + pears for the national and international markets. This, (Preferred) • Production of high-quality fruits, suitable for the together with the numerous other soft fruit farms in international markets; the, can have a positive cumulative impact on economic • Ensure correct maintenance of fruit tonnage logs and growth. The export of the fruits will also have a positive Layout sales; and Completely MODERATE impact on the National GDP. The different layouts Alternative National Long-term Very low N/A Definite High • Ensure that prices are market-related and Reversible LOW + proposed for the development will result in different 2 competitive in order to obtain the best profit. + tonnages of fruit being produced on an annual basis.

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Decommissioning Phase Impacts

Once operational, it is unlikely that the proposed agricultural development and associated infrastructure will be decommissioned in the near future. Should decommissioning of the orchards take place, the impacts relevant to decommissioning would be similar to those listed for the construction phase above.

3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Taking the assessment of potential impacts into account, please provide an environmental impact statement that summarises the impact that the proposed activity and its alternatives may have on the environment after the management and mitigation of impacts have been taken into account, with specific reference to types of impact, duration of impacts, likelihood of potential impacts actually occurring and the significance of impacts.

Table D.3: Summary of the impacts and their significance before and after mitigation. SIGNIFICANCE SIGNIFICANCE IMPACT Alternative (before (after mitigation) mitigation) CONSTRUCTION PHASE Layout 1. Loss of terrestrial vegetation or habitats that Alternative 1 HIGH ̶ MODERATE ̶ could contain various species of special concern, (Preferred) and then replaced with apple and pear orchards Layout and associated infrastructure MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ Alternative 2 Layout Alternative 1 MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ 2. Habitat fragmentation (aquatic and terrestrial) (Preferred) Layout MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ Alternative 2 3. Impacts on Fauna All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE Layout Alternative 1 LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 4. Sedimentation and soil erosional impacts (Preferred) Layout MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ Alternative 2 5. Pollution of surface and groundwater resources All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 6. Solid Waste Pollution All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 7. Dust Creation All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 8. Noise Nuisance All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 9. Construction Traffic and Road Impacts All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 10. Impact on the Visual Aesthetics of the Area All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 11. Impacts on Health, Safety and Fire Risk All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 12. Impact on Archaeological Remains All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 13. Impact on Paleontological Resources All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 14. Employment Creation and Local Business All Alternatives LOW + MODERATE + Development OPERATIONAL PHASE

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15. Spread of Alien Vegetation into the Terrestrial All Alternatives MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ Environment Layout Alternative 1 LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 16. Impact on surface water runoff patterns (Preferred) Layout MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ Alternative 2 Layout Alternative 1 HIGH ̶ MODERATE ̶ 17. Risks on the aquatic environment due to water (Preferred) quality impacts Layout MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ Alternative 2 Technology Alternative 1 MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ 18. Utilisation of Water Resources (Preferred) Technology MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ Alternative 2 19. Health, Safety and Fire Impacts All Alternatives MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ 20. Air Quality Impacts All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 21. Noise Disturbance All Alternatives LOW ̶ NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 22. Solid Waste Pollution All Alternatives MODERATE ̶ LOW ̶ 23. Employment Creation and Local Business All Alternatives MODERATE + HIGH + Development Layout Alternative 1 MODERATE + MODERATE + 24. Improvement to Food Security (Preferred) Layout LOW + MODERATE + Alternative 2 Layout Alternative 1 MODERATE + MODERATE + 25. Contribution to the Local and National GDP (Preferred) Layout LOW + MODERATE + Alternative 2

1.Alternative 1 (preferred alternative) A summary of the impacts as well as the significance of the impacts before and after mitigation has been tabulated above (Table D.3). For the preferred alternative, twenty-five (25) impacts have been identified. This consists of 14 construction phase impacts and 11 operational phase impacts. Without mitigation, there will be 2 negative impact of high significance, 5 negative impacts of moderate significance, 14 negative impacts of low significance. There will also be 4 positive impacts (1 low and 3 moderate). With the implementation of mitigation measures, there will be 2 negative impact of moderate significance, 5 negative impacts of low significance and 14 negligible impacts. There will also be 4 positive impacts (3 moderate and 1 high) following implementation of mitigation. Although there are a greater number of negative impacts, the significance of the positive impacts outweighs the significance of the negative impacts, the majority of which are considered to be negligible or low if correct mitigation measures are implemented (Table D.4).

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Table D.4: Summary of the number of impacts before and after mitigation for alternative 1. IMPACT Before Mitigation After Mitigation SIGNIFICANCE CONSTRUCTION OPERATION TOTAL CONSTRUCTION OPERATION TOTAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS ( ̶ ) NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 0 0 11 3 LOW ̶ 11 3 1 4 MODERATE ̶ 1 4 1 1 HIGH ̶ 1 1 0 0 VERY HIGH ̶ 0 0 0 0 0 0 POSITIVE IMPACTS (+) NEGLIGIBLE + 0 0 0 0 LOW + 1 0 0 0 MODERATE + 0 3 1 2 HIGH + 0 0 0 1 VERY HIGH + 0 0 0 0 0 0

Alternative 2 For alternative 2, there will be 9 negative impacts of moderate significance and 12 negative impacts of low significance. There will also be 4 positive impacts (3 low and 1 moderate). With the implementation of mitigation measures, there will be 9 negative impact of low significance and 12 negligible impacts. There will also be 4 positive impacts (3 moderate and 1 high) following implementation of mitigation. Although there are a greater number of negative impacts, the significance of the positive impacts outweighs the significance of the negative impacts, the majority of which are considered to be negligible or low if correct mitigation measures are implemented (Table D.5).

Table D.5: Summary of the number of impacts before and after mitigation for alternative 2. IMPACT Before Mitigation After Mitigation SIGNIFICANCE CONSTRUCTION OPERATION TOTAL CONSTRUCTION OPERATION TOTAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS ( ̶ ) NEGLIGIBLE ̶ 0 0 10 2 LOW ̶ 10 2 3 6 MODERATE ̶ 3 6 0 0 HIGH ̶ 0 0 0 0 VERY HIGH ̶ 0 0 0 0 0 0 POSITIVE IMPACTS (+) NEGLIGIBLE + 0 0 0 0 LOW + 1 2 0 0 MODERATE + 0 1 1 2 HIGH + 0 0 0 1 VERY HIGH + 0 0 0 0 0 0

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SECTION E: RECOMMENDATIONS OF PRACTITIONER

Is the information contained in this report and the documentation attached hereto sufficient to YES make a decision in respect of the activity applied for (in the view of the environmental assessment X practitioner)? Is an EMPr attached? YES X

The EMPr must be attached as Appendix F. Please refer to Appendix F for the Environmental Management Programme (EMPr).

If “NO”, indicate the aspects that should be assessed further as part of a Scoping and EIA process before a decision can be made (list the aspects that require further assessment): Not Applicable. All aspects associated with the proposed development are sufficiently assessed in this Basic Assessment Report.

If “YES”, please list any recommended conditions, including mitigation measures that should be considered for inclusion in any authorisation that may be granted by the competent authority in respect of the application: EAP’s Recommendations

Based on the outcome of the impact study, it is recommended that the following alternatives are implemented for the proposed development: • The preferred layout as outlined in Section A.2 is recommended subject to the following: o Implementing all mitigation measures as set out in this Basic Assessment Report; and o Implementing the 45 m buffer area from the Wabooms River, as recommended by the Ecological Assessment (Figure E.1). • The preferred technology, Technology Alternative 1 (micro spray irrigation), is recommended as it is likely to result in reduced maintenance cost while still keeping water evaporation to a minimum.

All mitigation measures, which have been outlined in this report as well as in the EMPr and specialist reports, must be fully adhered to.

In addition, the following recommendations have been made:

Pre-Construction • The Contractor is encouraged to use an already disturbed area (or area demarcated for this development) for construction material laydown purposes and must ensure that all materials required during construction are available prior to the commencement of vegetation clearance; • Environmental sensitivities outlined in this report must be considered prior to the finalisation of the layout for the apple and pear orchards and associated infrastructure; and • A qualified and experienced botanist must be appointed to undertake a comprehensive search and rescue of the areas of high sensitivity that will be affected by this project. Only once the botanist is satisfied that the search and rescue has been undertaken successfully, may the proponent commence with the construction phase.

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Figure E.1: Environmental sensitivity map of the project area detailing areas that must be considered ‘No-Go’ and where development is permitted.

Construction Phase • High sensitivity (No-go) areas must be barricaded with orange snow netting and these areas of high sensitivity are to be avoided throughout the construction phase; • Ongoing rehabilitation must be implemented in the areas which will be affected during the construction phase; • The proponent must appoint a full-time Environmental Site Officer (ESO) to oversee the construction phase, to ensure that the construction activities remain within the designated area and that no unauthorised activities occur; and • The appointment of an external qualified Environmental Control Officer (ECO) must take place to conduct monthly site inspections and reports for the duration of the construction phase, as well as a start-up and close-out audit at the conclusion of rehabilitation.

Operational Phase • Ongoing eradication of alien invasive species within the study area must be undertaken by the project proponent; • The proponent must inspect the irrigation infrastructure on a regular basis to ensure that no leaks or unnecessary water losses are occurring; and • Should the proponent wish to discontinue the cultivation of apples and pears, a specialist must be consulted to advise on the correct and appropriate rehabilitation of the site.

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EAP’s Opinion

It is the opinion of the EAP that no fatal flaws are associated with the proposed development and that all impacts can be adequately mitigated to reduce the risk or significance of the impacts to an acceptable level. Although it remains possible that an area of sensitive vegetation will be cleared during the construction phase of the development, the correct implementation of the No-Go areas and amendment of the layout to avoid the high-sensitivity areas as proposed by the Ecological specialist will significantly mitigate this loss. It is therefore of upmost importance that the proponent demarcates the No-Go areas, as proposed, prior to the commencement of clearance of large areas of vegetation.

Due to the type of agricultural project proposed, the significance of the benefits associated with the proposed development outweighs the significance of the negative aspects, most of which will be low or negligible following the correct implementation of mitigation measures. It is the opinion of the EAP that the Basic Assessment process contains sufficient information to allow the DEDEAT to make an informed decision.

Period of Environmental Authorisation:

The Environmental Authorisation (EA) for the construction of the proposed development is required for a period of two (2) years. This will allow sufficient time for the applicant to undertake the procurement process to appoint a Contractor, to furnish the appointed Contractor with the details of the EA and the conditions included in the EMPr, to complete the construction of the proposed agricultural development.

The operational phase of the proposed development is expected to continue into the long-term future. The EA for the operational phase should thus be authorised without an expiry date provided the proponent adheres to the recommendations included in this report as well as the conditions of the EMPr.

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SECTION F: APPENDIXES

The following appendixes must be attached as appropriate:

Appendix A: Site plan(s)

Appendix B: Photographs

Appendix C: Facility illustration(s)

Appendix D: Specialist reports - D.1: Biodiversity Assessment

Appendix E: Comments and responses report

Appendix F: Environmental Management Programme (EMPr)

Appendix G: Other information - G.1: CV and Undertaking under Oath by the EAP - G.2: CVs of the Specialist

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APPENDIX A – SITE PLAN Alternative 1:

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Alternative 2:

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APPENDIX B – PHOTOGRAPHS

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Existing farm dams for water provision.

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Existing orchards

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APPENDIX C – FACILITY ILLUSTRATION

Not Applicable to this application.

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APPENDIX D – SPECIALIST REPORTS

D.1: Ecological Assessment

D.2. DWS Risk Assessment Matrix

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APPENDIX E – COMMENTS AND RESPONSES REPORT

Pre-Assessment Public Participation

Site Notice

A site notice was placed at the main entrance to the project property (as per the requirements of Section 41 of the 2014 NEMA EIA Regulations) on 15 June 2020.

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Latitude Longitude Site notice positions 33°51'54.70"S 23°50'19.98"E Date placed 15 June 2020

Site notice placed at the main entrance to the property along the main access road

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Letters of Notification and Background Information Document (BID)

Letters of notification along with the BID were sent to all I&APs and potential stakeholders on the 28th of July 2020.

Email send to all I&APs

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Letter of Notification

Background Information Document

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I&AP Database

All I&AP information (including contact details) is maintained by the EAP and recorded in a comprehensive I&AP database.

Contact Stakeholder Contact Person Postal Address Email Address Date Notified Number AFFECTED LANDOWNERS/OCCUPANTS Remainder of the Farm PO Box 100 28 July 2020 Diepkloof No. 351: Mr Dewald 082 940 9732 Louterwater [email protected] (Read Letabakop Farms Agricultural Labuschagne 6435 receipt) Development SURROUNDING LANDOWNERS/OCCUPANTS 31 August 2020 Portion 5 of the Farm 351 Mr. Andre Kritziner 076 306 0114 Not Available [email protected] (WhatsApp receipt) Not Available 28 July 2020 Mr. Dewald 082 940 9732 Portion 16 of the Farm 351 [email protected] (Read Labuschagne receipt) Not Available 2 September Owner of Portion 9 of the 2020 Mr Paul Roux 084 505 3373 [email protected] Farm 351 (Telephonic Confirmation) Owner of Portion 14 of the Not Available 1 September [email protected] Farm 351 Mr Bremer Pauw 042 273 1912 2020 (Read [email protected] receipt) Owner of Portion 2 of the Not Available 31 August Farm 351 Mr Marius van der 2020 082 492 6004 [email protected] Westhuizen (WhatsApp receipt) Owner of Portion 3 of the Mr. Dewald 082 940 9732 28 July 2020 Not Available [email protected] Farm 349 Labuschagne (Read receipt

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Contact Stakeholder Contact Person Postal Address Email Address Date Notified Number ORGANS OF STATE Provincial and National Departments Eastern Cape Department of Andries Struwig [email protected] 28 August Private Bag X5001, Economic Development, 2020 Jeff Govender 041 508 5808 Greenacres, Port [email protected] Environmental Affairs and (Competent Elizabeth, 6057 Tourism (DEDEAT) Riyadh Casoojee [email protected] Authority Eastern Cape Provincial Cnr Amalinda Dr 28 August Heritage Resources Sello Mokhanya 043 745 0888 and Scholl St, East [email protected] 2020 (Email Authority (ECPHRA) London, 5252 send). Natasha Higgitt [email protected] 28 August South African Heritage 021 462 4502 111 Harrington St, 2020 Resources Agency (SAHRA) Nokukhanya 082 507 0378 Cape Town, 8001 (Read [email protected] Khumalo receipt)

Marisa Bloem [email protected] 13 August Private Bag X7485 2020 041 501 0717 King Williams Town Mpumela (Envelope 5600 [email protected] Eastern Cape Department of Ntombiyamayirha delivered) Water and Sanitation (DWS) 13 August 2 Hargreaves Ave, Thabo Nokoyo/ 041 407 4050 [email protected] 2020 King Williams Town, Babes Layini 073 823 8305 [email protected] (WhatsApp Eastern Cape Department of 5601 receipt) Agriculture, Forestry and 28 August Fisheries (DAFF) Private Bag X4, 2020 Gcinile Dumse 043 704 6810 Tecoma, East [email protected] (Read London, 5214 receipt) Peter Lotter 041 403 6029 [email protected]

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Contact Stakeholder Contact Person Postal Address Email Address Date Notified Number 041 403 6029 28 August Eastern Cape Department of PO Box 11100, 2020 Roads and Public Works Randall Moore [email protected] Algoa Park, 6005 (Read (DRPW) receipt) 28 August 17-25 Oxford St, Eastern Cape Parks and 041 364 2570 2020 Brian Reeves East London CBD, [email protected] Tourism Agency (ECPTA) 071 605 5234 (Read 5201 receipt) John Geeringh: P.O. Box 1091 28 August (Senior Johannesburg 2020 ESKOM Environmental 011 800 2465 [email protected] 2001 (Read Advisor Eskom GC - receipt) Land Development) Municipal Departments Ted Pillay 4 August (Municipal 041 508 7111 [email protected] Sarah Baartman District PO Box 318, Port 2020 Manager) [email protected] Municipality Elizabeth, 6000 (WhatsApp Natasha Peterson [email protected] 082 313 7487 receipt) (Communications) 28 August Pumelelo Maxwell 2020 Kate (Municipal 042 288 7210 [email protected] (Read Manager) P.O. Box X011 Kou-Kamma Local receipt) Kareedouw Municipality 31 August 6400 Cllr Jullian Jansen 2020 071 262 3650 [email protected] (Ward 2) (WhatsApp receipt) Other 28 August Agri Eastern Cape Sharlene Matthews 041 363 1890 [email protected] 2020 “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 94

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Contact Stakeholder Contact Person Postal Address Email Address Date Notified Number 17 Mangold St, (Read Natasja Barkhuizen Newton Park, Port [email protected] receipt) Elizabeth, 6055 Not Available Not Available 28 August 2020 SANRAL Chumisa Njingana [email protected] (Read receipt) 26 Marine Gardens, 041 586 0632 Glengarry Crescent, Eckart Schumann [email protected] 28 August Wildlife and Environment 083 299 2092 Humewood, Port 2020 Society of South Africa Elizabeth (Read (WESSA) 2(b) Lawrence receipt) Morgan Griffiths 041 585 9606 Street, Central, Port [email protected] Elizabeth, 6001

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I&AP Correspondence

I&AP Comment – 26 August 2020

EAP Response – 2 September 2020:

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Attachment – DAFF Comments

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Draft Basic Assessment Report Public Participation

Confirmation of Access to Draft Reports

I&APs Unable to Receive Reports Electronically

All I&APs were able to confirm that they could receive electronic versions of the reports except for the following stakeholders who requested CD copies to be delivered to their offices: - Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS)

Proof of delivery of the CD copy will be included in the final report.

Email Read Receipts

In order to ensure that all stakeholders and I&APs received the notification and are able to confirm that they can access draft report electronically, a ‘read receipt’ was requested via the following email notification:

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The following read receipts and other confirmations were received from various stakeholders:

Landowner and Project Specific Stakeholders:

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From: Eckart Schumann Sent: Monday, 03 August 2020 15:03 To: [email protected] Subject: RE: EIA Public Participation on Various Projects

Hi Rino

Email received. I have forwarded details to the WESSA Bay committee – it is not something that I am directly interested in, but we do have a wide range of interests on the committee.

Sincerely Eckart

From: Leslie Blandy Sent: Friday, 31 July 2020 15:33 To: Roberto Almanza Subject: Re: EIA Public Participation on Various Projects

Thank you I have received your email and will certainly access the electronic reports pertaining to EIA's .

Leslie Blandy Secretary Birdlife Eastern Cape.

From: Peter Lotter Sent: Friday, 31 July 2020 12:28 To: 'Roberto Almanza' Subject: RE: EIA Public Participation on Various Projects

Afternoon

I have accessed your website successfully so that would be the preferred means of correspondence.

Peter Lotter

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Acknowledgement of receipt from the Department of Water and Sanitation

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WhatsApp Notifications

In the case where a read receipt was not received from an I&AP, those I&APs were notified via WhatsApp. The two blue ticks on WhatsApp ensure that the message has been read by the receiver:

Landowners and Project Specific Stakeholders:

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Phone Calls

In the case where a read receipt was not received from an I&AP via Email or WhatsApp, these I&APs were contacted telephonically:

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A newspaper advertisement will be placed in The Kouga Express, a local and provincial publication that is distributed throughout the Kou-Kamma Local Municipality. The advertisement will be used to notify the general public of the proposed project and the availability of the Draft BAR for public review. Proof of placement of the newspaper advertisement will be included in the Final BAR.

Notification of Availability of Draft Reports

All I&APs were notified of the availability of the Draft Basic Assessment Report via email, SMS and WhatsApp. Proof of the notifications will be included in the final report.

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Issues and Responses Trail (IRT)

I&AP DETAILS COMMENT EAP RESPONSE Comments Received Following Notification of Intent to Apply for Environmental Authorisation Gcinile Dumse The provisions of Regulation 2 of CARA Noted. The applicant will obtain the Land Use & Soil related cultivation of virgin or new land are required cultivation permit in terms Management applicable to the proposed expansion of the of CARA, before disturbance of the Agriculture, Forestry & agricultural activities on the property. The virgin soil of a natural veld will take Fisheries land owner or applicant will need to obtain place. [email protected] permission or authorisation in terms of Regulation 2 of CARA Act, before the virgin soil of a natural veld may be disturbed mechanically.

The soil classification, land capability report The soil classification, land capability and the soil form mapping must be provided report and the soil form mapping will by the applicant. The application for virgin form part of the application to obtain soil in terms of Regulation 2 of CARA Act 43 a cultivation permit. This application of 186 will need to be completed and signed along with all the supporting by the applicant. documentation will be submitted to DAFF. The establishment of windbreakers This is not applicable as the applicant protecting the trees from wind destruction does not propose to plant any trees as also require a permission in terms of windbreakers for this development. Regulation 15 B (2) (a) of the CARA Act, only However, this will be included in the Category 2 declared invader plants will be EMPr, to ensure that the required permitted for planting as wind breakers permit will be obtained if the however the use of indigenous species for applicant indents to plant wind breakers will not require a permit from windbreakers int the future. the CARA Act. The applicant will need to apply for a demarcation permit to use Category 2 declared invader plants.

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APPENDIX F – ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME (EMPR)

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APPENDIX G – OTHER INFORMATION

G.1: Details of the EAP

According to Appendix 1, Section 2 (1), of the 2014 EIA Regulations (as amended in 2017), a Basic Assessment Report must include “(r) an undertaking under oath or affirmation by the EAP in relation to— (i) the correctness of the information provided in the report; (ii) the inclusion of comments and inputs from stakeholders and I&APs; (iii) the inclusion of inputs and recommendations from the specialist reports where relevant; and (iv) any information provided by the EAP to interested and affected parties and any responses by the EAP to comments or inputs made by interested or affected parties.”

Please refer to Appendix G.2: EAP & Specialist CVs .

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G.2: EAP CV

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G.5: Impact Assessment Methodology

Prior to the ranking or rating of impacts, the impacts must first be categorised into positive or negative impacts and as well as direct, indirect or cumulative impacts (Table App G.1).

Table App G.1: Nature and type of impact. CRITERIA CATEGORIES EXPLANATION Negative Negative impact on affected biophysical or human environment. Overall nature Positive Benefit to the affected biophysical or human environment. Direct Are caused by the action and occur at the same time and place. Are caused by the action and are later in time or farther removed in distance, but are still reasonably foreseeable. May include Indirect or growth inducing effects and other effects related to induced Secondary changes in the pattern of land use, population density or growth rate, and related effects on air and water and other natural Type systems, including ecosystems. The impact on the environment, which results from the incremental impact of the action when added to other past, Cumulative present and reasonably foreseeable future actions. Cumulative impacts can result from individually minor but collectively significant actions taking place over a period of time.

The impact assessment methodology then looks at the significance of the impacts based on several rating criteria including spatial extent, duration, severity, reversibility, probability and mitigation potential (Table App G.2).

Table App G.2: Impact rating criteria. CRITERIA CATEGORIES EXPLANATION Immediate area of activity incorporating a 50m zone which Site (1) extends from the edge of the affected area. Spatial Extent Local (2) Area up to and/or within 10km of the ‘Site’ as defined above. (E) Regional (3) Entire community, drainage basin, landscape etc. National (4) South Africa. Impact would last for the duration of activities such as land Very Short-term (1) clearing, land preparation, fertilising, weeding, pruning and thinning. Quickly reversible. (0–1 years). The lifetime of the impact will be of a short duration (2-5 Short-term (2) Duration of Impact years). (D) Impact would last for the duration of project activity, such as Medium-term (3) harvesting. Reversible over time (>5 - <15 years). Impact would continue beyond harvesting/ extraction of the Long-term (4) trees (> 15 years). Permanent (5) Impact would continue beyond decommissioning.

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CRITERIA CATEGORIES EXPLANATION Based on separately described categories examining whether the impact is destructive or benign, whether it destroys the impacted environment, alters its functioning or slightly alters Negative the environment itself. • 0: small and will have no meaningful effect on the environment; Impact Severity • 2: minor and will not result in an impact on processes; (S) • 4: low and will cause a slight impact on processes; • 6: moderate and will result in processes continuing but in a modified way; Positive • 8: high (processes are altered to the extent that they temporarily cease); • 10: very high and results in complete destruction of patterns and permanent cessation of processes. The impact can be completely reversed with the Completely Reversible implementation of correct mitigation and rehabilitation (0) measures. The impact can be partly reversed providing mitigation Reversibility (R) Partly Reversible (0.5) measures are implemented and rehabilitation measures are undertaken The impact cannot be reversed, regardless of the mitigation or Irreversible (1) rehabilitation measures. Resource will not be lost The resource will not be lost or destroyed provided mitigation (0) and rehabilitation measures are implemented. Partial loss or destruction of the resource will occur even Irreplaceable Loss Resource may be partly though all management and mitigation measures are (I) destroyed (0.5) implemented. Resource cannot be The resource cannot be replaced no matter which replaced (1) management or mitigation measures are implemented. Unlikely (1) <40% probability. Very improbable (probably will not happen). 40% probability. Improbable (some possibility, but low Possible (2) Probability of likelihood). Occurrence Probable (3) >70% probability. Probable (distinct possibility). (P) Highly Probable (4) >80 %. Highly probable (most likely). >90% probability. Definite (impact will occur regardless of any Definite (5) prevention measures). Mitigation Relatively easy and cheap to manage. Specialist expertise or Potential equipment is generally not required. The nature of the impact is understood and may be mitigated through the (the ability to implementation of a management plan or through ‘good High manage or mitigate housekeeping’. Regular monitoring needs to be undertaken to an impact given the ensure that any negative consequences remain within necessary acceptable limits. The significance of the impact after resources and mitigation is likely to be low or negligible. feasibility of Management of this impact requires a higher level of expertise Moderate application) and resources to maintain impacts within acceptable levels. “Innovation for Sustainable Development” t Floor Room 274 • Beacon Hill • Hockley Close • Kind William’s Town • 5600 | Private Bag X0054 • 5605 • Republic of South Africa TeL; 043 605 7099• Fax: 043 605 7300 | Email: • Web: www.dedeat.gov.za VERSION 1 dated 8 December 2014 114

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CRITERIA CATEGORIES EXPLANATION Such mitigation can be tied up in the design of the Project. The significance of the impacts after mitigation is likely to be low to moderate. May not be possible to mitigate the impact entirely, with a residual impact(s) resulting. Will not be possible to mitigate this impact entirely regardless of the expertise and resources applied. The potential to Low manage the impact may be beyond the scope of the Project. Management of this impact is not likely to result in a measurable change in the level of significance.

The impact significance rating is calculated using the following basic formula:

Impact Significance = (D + E + R + S + I) x P

Based on the total, an impact significance rating is then assigned to each impact for both pre- and post- mitigation significance (Table App G.3). The EAP, as well as the specialists utilising this impact assessment methodology, may choose to amend the overall significance based on certain other factors that are not accounted for the methodology.

Table App G.3: Impact significance table. Risk/impact may result in very minor alternations of the environment Negligible and can easily be avoided by implementing appropriate mitigation (0-22) measures and will not have an influence on decision-making Risk/impact may result in very minor alternations of the environment Low and can easily be avoided by implementing appropriate mitigation (>22 ≤ 45) measures and will not have an influence on decision-making Risk/impact will result in moderate alternation of the environment and Impact Moderate can be reduced or avoided by implementing appropriate mitigation Significance (>45 ≤ 68.5) measures and will only have an influence on decision-making if not properly mitigated Risk/impact will result in high alternation of the environment even High with the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures and will (>68.5 ≤ 90) have an influence on decision-making Risk/impact will result in major alternation of the environment even Very High) with the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures and will (>90 - 105) have an influence on decision-making