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Ethnomedicinal Aspects of Angiospermic Epiphytes and Parasites of Kerala, India
Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge Vol. 11(2), April 2012, pp. 250-258 Ethnomedicinal aspects of angiospermic epiphytes and parasites of Kerala, India AE Shanavaskhan,1,2 M Sivadasan,3* Ahmed H Alfarhan,3 & Jacob Thomas3 1Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode P O, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India 2Present address: Natural Resources and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 3Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia *E-mail: [email protected] Received 15.07.2009; revised 10.03.2010 Studies on ethnomedicinal aspects of epiphytes and parasites of Kerala have been conducted and it revealed that as the tribes of Kerala have a lot of terrestrial medicinal plants available around their premises, they seldom resorted to the epiphytic and parasitic medicinal plants occurring on tall trees for their use as drugs for the treatment of ailments. Hence, their knowledge on epiphytes and parasites was found to be very limited, especially among the young generation of the tribes. The present study reported the use of 28 species (16 epiphytes and 12 parasites), which represent about 13.4% of the total epiphytes and parasites present in Kerala, and they are of valuable properties and uses and are used for curing or corrective measures for several diseases. Majority of the properties and uses recorded are first reports pertaining to these special groups of plants. A thorough investigation on the phytochemistry and therapeutic values of the bioactive compounds contained in these epiphytes and parasites would result in the discovery of new and valuable drugs of high potentials and of interest to the Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical industries. -
Hohenheimer Gärten Samenverzeichnis
HOHENHEIMER GÄRTEN STUTTGART-HOHENHEIM SAMENVERZEICHNIS ANNO 2015 COLLECTORUM HOHENHEIMER GÄRTEN STUTTGART-HOHENHEIM SAMENVERZEICHNIS ANNO 2015 COLLECTORUM Hohenheimer Gärten (772) Universität Hohenheim Filderhauptstrasse 169-171 D-70599 Stuttgart Tel: +49-(0)711-459 23537 Fax: +49-(0)711-459 23355 E-Mail: [email protected] URL: https://gaerten.uni-hohenheim.de/ Leitung: Dr. Helmut Dalitz Technischer Leiter: Rainer Bäßler Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter: Dr. Robert Gliniars Gärtnermeister: Karin Bühler, Wilfried Ernst, Günter Koch, Michael Schurer Inhaltsverzeichnis / List of Contents Geographische Lage, Klimadaten/ Geographical location, climate data 1 Nomenklatur/ Nomenclature 2 Samenverzeichnis/ Seed catalogue 3 Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt/ Convention on Biological Diversity 26 Bestellformular/ Order Form 28 Samenverzeichnis 2015, Desiderata 2016 – Hohenheimer Gärten 1 Geographische Lage und Klima / Location and climate Hohenheim gehört zu Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg und liegt im milden mittleren Neckarraum. Hohenheim is a part of Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg and is located in the fairly mild region of the Neckar river in Southwestern Germany. Geographische Lage/ Location: 48°43‘ N 09°13‘ E Meereshöhe/ Altitude: 407 m Mittlere Jahrestemperatur/ mean annual temperature: 8,8 °C Kältester Monat/ Coldest Month: Jan. -0,3 °C Wärmster Monat/ Warmest Month:: Juli 17,8 °C Differenz zwischen absolutem Jahresmaximum und -minimum/ Difference between absolute annual maximum and -minimum temperature: 48 °C Abs. Max. Temperatur/ Abs. Max. Temperature: 37,1°C Juli 2015 Abs. Min. Temperatur/ Abs. Min. Temperature: -26,6°C Dez. 1879 Zahl der Sommertage/ Number of Summer days (Max. > 25°C): 34 Zahl der Heissen Tage/ Number of Hot days (Max. > 30 °C): 5 Zahl der Frosttage/ Number of Frosty days (Min. -
Antimicrobial Screening of Medicinal Plants Against Human Pathogens- a Comparative Account of Two Different Methods of Extraction
International Journal of Drug Development & Research | January-March 2012 | Vol. 4 | Issue 1 | ISSN 0975-9344 | Available online http://www.ijddr.in Covered in Official Product of Elsevier, The Netherlands SJR Impact Value 0.03,& H index 2 ©2010 IJDDR Antimicrobial screening of Medicinal plants against human Pathogens- A Comparative account of two different methods of Extraction Ranjita R. Kurdekar, G. R. Hegde*, Gurumurthi Hegde and S. S. Hebbar P. G. Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad-580003, India. Covered in Index Copernicus with IC Value 4.68 for Abstract different methods of Extraction ”, Int. J. Drug Dev. & The present study is an attempt to find out Res., Jan-March 2012, 4(1): 82-89 whether medicinal plants maintain same kind of Copyright © 2010 IJDDR, G. R. Hegde et al . effectiveness or otherwise when extracted by different methods. Five medicinal plants were This is an open access paper distributed under the selected to screen their antimicrobial efficacy copyright agreement with Serials Publication, which FULL Length Research Paper against four bacterial strains viz Staphylococcus permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris and two fungal work is properly cited. strains Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger . Article History:------------------------ Extraction was carried out by soxhlet and cold Date of Submission: 17-09-2011 percolation method. There was much variation in Date of Acceptance: 18-11-2011 the results. Compared to aqueous extract lipophilic Conflict of Interest: NIL extracts showed good result with both the Source of Support : NONE methods. *Corresponding author, Mailing address: Introduction G. -
Is Remusatia (Araceae) Monophyletic? Evidence from Three Plastid Regions
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 71-83; doi:10.3390/ijms13010071 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms Article Is Remusatia (Araceae) Monophyletic? Evidence from Three Plastid Regions Rong Li 1,2, Tingshuang Yi 1,2 and Heng Li 1,* 1 Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: [email protected] (R.L.); [email protected] (T.Y.) 2 Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel./Fax: +86-871-5223533. Received: 18 November 2011; in revised form: 14 December 2011 / Accepted: 15 December 2011 / Published: 22 December 2011 Abstract: The genus Remusatia (Araceae) includes four species distributed in the tropical and subtropical Old World. The phylogeny of Remusatia was constructed using parsimony and Bayesian analyses of sequence data from three plastid regions (the rbcL gene, the trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, and the rps16 intron). Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated plastid data suggested that the monophyly of Remusatia was not supported because R. hookeriana did not form a clade with the other three species R. vivipara, R. yunnanensis, and R. pumila. Nevertheless, the topology of the analysis constraining Remusatia to monophyly was congruent with the topology of the unconstrained analysis. The results confirmed the inclusion of the previously separate genus Gonatanthus within Remusatia and disagreed with the current infrageneric classification of the genus. -
Evaluation of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities of Remusatia Vivipara (Roxb.) Schott., an Edible Genus of Araceae
Available online a t www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2013, 5 (5):120-128 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4 Evaluation of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of Remusatia vivipara (Roxb.) Schott., an edible genus of Araceae D. Asha, M. S. Nalini * and M. D. Shylaja † Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore, Karnataka, India †Department of Biochemistry & Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka, India _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The present investigation deals with the evaluation of phytochemicals, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and total carbohydrates in plant parts of Remusatia vivipara, an edible member of araceae collected from the natural forests of Western Ghats, southern India. Kupchan partition method was used for the extraction of the plant materials in hexane, chloroform and methanol. Phytochemicals were tested for the presence or absence of tannins, saponins¸ flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, anthraquinones, phlobatannins, glycosides, reducing sugars and alkaloids in solvent fractions. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) method employing Gallic acid as standard. Total carbohydrates were determined by phenol sulphuric acid method. Radical scavenging was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay . Phytochemical screening of plant parts revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, reducing sugars and alkaloids in polar solvents viz., water and methanol. Hexane extract showed the presence of reducing sugars and chloroform revealed the presence of flavonoids and reducing sugars. High phenolic contents were detected in leaf and root (42-44 µg/mL GAE), while in tuber the phenolic content was 12 µg/mLGAE. -
Colocasia Lihengiae (Araceae: Colocasieae), a New Species from Yunnan, China
LongBot. Bull. and Acad.Liu — Sin. A new (2001) species 42: 313-317 of Colocasia from China 313 Colocasia lihengiae (Araceae: Colocasieae), a new species from Yunnan, China Chun-Lin Long1,* and Ke-Ming Liu2 1Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Heilongtan, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China 2Department of Botany, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China (Received May 9, 2000; Accepted October 2, 2000) Abstract. A new species of Colocasia Schott, C. lihengiae C. L. Long et K. M. Liu, sp. nov., is described and illustrated. The species is restricted to the rainforest of Xishuangbanna in southern Yunnan, China. Diagnostic mor- phological characters that distinguish the new species from the related species, C. fallax Schott, are discussed. Chro- mosome numbers (2n=28) were observed in plants of C. lihengiae cultivated at the Kunming Botanical Garden. Keywords: Araceae; China; Colocasia lihengiae; New species; Taxonomy; Xishuangbanna; Yunnan. Introduction Materials and Methods Yunnan, a province in southwest China with an area of Three living plants were brought to Kunming. Before 394,000 km2, is notable for its rich plant diversity. Over planting them in the greenhouse of the Kunming Botani- 15,000 vascular plants have been recorded from Yunnan. cal Garden at the Kunming Institute of Botany, most of Since the 1830s more than 2,100 new species of vascular the leaves were removed to reduce stress. The largest plants have been described from Yunnan and collected by plant was grown in open ground; the other two were botanists such as J. Anderson, J. M. Delavay, Prince Henri grown in pots. -
Pest Management of the New Zealand Flower Thrips on Stonefruit in Canterbury in Relation to Previous Research and Knowledge Gained from the Research in This Study
Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. PEST MANAGEMENT OF THE NEW ZEALAND FLOWER THRIPS THRIPS OBSCURATUS (CRAWFORD) (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE) ON STONEFRUIT IN CANTERBURY, NEW ZEALAND. A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY D. A. J. TEULON LINCOLN COLLEGE 1988 DEDICATED TO JOHN FRANCIS BRUGES 1957-1987 Abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D. PEST MANAGEMENT OF THE NEW ZEALAND FLOWER THRIPS THRIPS OBSCURATUS (CRAWFORD) (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE) ON STONEFRUIT IN CANTERBURY, NEW ZEALAND. by D.AJ. TEULON The New Zealand flower thrips (Thrips obscuratus (Crawford» is an important pest of stonefruit during flowering and at harvest in New Zealand. The biology and control of this species fonned the basis for this study. A simple method for laboratory rearing is described that facilitated studies on the bionomics of T. obscuratus. Aspects of reproduction, fecundity, requirements for oviposition and development, development rates, temperature thresholds, thennal constants, and lifespan are detailed. T. obscuratus has been reported from at least 223 eqdemic and introduced plant species. -
Plastome Structure and Phylogenetic Relationships of Styracaceae (Ericales)
Plastome Structure and Phylogenetic Relationships of Styracaceae (Ericales) Xiu-lian Cai Hainan University Jacob B. Landis Cornell University Hong-Xin Wang Hainan University Jian-Hua Wang Hainan University Zhi-Xin Zhu Hainan University Huafeng Wang ( [email protected] ) Hainan University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0218-1728 Review Keywords: Styracaceae, Plastome, Genome structure, Phylogeny, positive selection Posted Date: January 29th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-55283/v2 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/25 Abstract Background: The Styracaceae are a woody, dicotyledonous family containing 12 genera and an estimated 160 species. Recent studies have shown that Styrax and Sinojackia are monophyletic, Alniphyllum and Bruinsmia cluster into a clade with an approximately 20-kb inversion in the Large Single-Copy (LSC) region. Halesia and Pterostyrax are not supported as monophyletic, while Melliodendron and Changiostyrax always form sister clades . Perkinsiodendron and Changiostyrax were newly established genera of Styracaceae. However, the phylogenetic relationship of Styracaceae at the genera level needs further research. Results: We collected 28 complete plastomes of Styracaceae, including 12 sequences newly reported here and 16 publicly available complete plastome sequences, comprising 11 of the 12 genera of Styracaceae. All species possessed the typical quadripartite structure of angiosperm plastomes, and the sequence difference is small, except for the large 20-kb (14 genes) inversion region found in Alniphyllum and Bruinsmia. Seven coding sequences (rps4, rpl23, accD, rpoC1, psaA, rpoA and ndhH) were identied to possess positively selected sites. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on seven data sets (i.e., LSC, SSC, IR, Coding, Non-coding, combination of LSC+SSC and concatenation of LSC+SSC+one IR) produced similar topologies. -
Vascular Plants of Santa Cruz County, California
ANNOTATED CHECKLIST of the VASCULAR PLANTS of SANTA CRUZ COUNTY, CALIFORNIA SECOND EDITION Dylan Neubauer Artwork by Tim Hyland & Maps by Ben Pease CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY, SANTA CRUZ COUNTY CHAPTER Copyright © 2013 by Dylan Neubauer All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without written permission from the author. Design & Production by Dylan Neubauer Artwork by Tim Hyland Maps by Ben Pease, Pease Press Cartography (peasepress.com) Cover photos (Eschscholzia californica & Big Willow Gulch, Swanton) by Dylan Neubauer California Native Plant Society Santa Cruz County Chapter P.O. Box 1622 Santa Cruz, CA 95061 To order, please go to www.cruzcps.org For other correspondence, write to Dylan Neubauer [email protected] ISBN: 978-0-615-85493-9 Printed on recycled paper by Community Printers, Santa Cruz, CA For Tim Forsell, who appreciates the tiny ones ... Nobody sees a flower, really— it is so small— we haven’t time, and to see takes time, like to have a friend takes time. —GEORGIA O’KEEFFE CONTENTS ~ u Acknowledgments / 1 u Santa Cruz County Map / 2–3 u Introduction / 4 u Checklist Conventions / 8 u Floristic Regions Map / 12 u Checklist Format, Checklist Symbols, & Region Codes / 13 u Checklist Lycophytes / 14 Ferns / 14 Gymnosperms / 15 Nymphaeales / 16 Magnoliids / 16 Ceratophyllales / 16 Eudicots / 16 Monocots / 61 u Appendices 1. Listed Taxa / 76 2. Endemic Taxa / 78 3. Taxa Extirpated in County / 79 4. Taxa Not Currently Recognized / 80 5. Undescribed Taxa / 82 6. Most Invasive Non-native Taxa / 83 7. Rejected Taxa / 84 8. Notes / 86 u References / 152 u Index to Families & Genera / 154 u Floristic Regions Map with USGS Quad Overlay / 166 “True science teaches, above all, to doubt and be ignorant.” —MIGUEL DE UNAMUNO 1 ~ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ~ ANY THANKS TO THE GENEROUS DONORS without whom this publication would not M have been possible—and to the numerous individuals, organizations, insti- tutions, and agencies that so willingly gave of their time and expertise. -
Cytotoxic Activity and Apoptosis Induction of Hypericum Scabruml
Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2015 October; 17(10): e19453. DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.19453 Research Article Published online 2015 October 24. Hypericum scabrum Cytotoxic Activity and Apoptosis Induction of L. 1 2,* 3 Maryam Hamzeloo-Moghadam ; Amir Khalaj ; Maryam Malekmohammadi 1Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 2Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 3Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IR Iran *Corresponding Author : Amir Khalaj, Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 1516745811, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9129410432, Fax +98-2188776027, E-mail: [email protected] Received: ; Revised: ; Accepted: April 14, 2014 July 2, 2014 July 21, 2014 Background: One of the acquired biological hallmarks of tumor multistep development is the resistance of cancer cells to apoptosis; Hypericum therefore, induction of apoptosis is an important therapeutic approach. species are spread throughout the world and have been investigated for their biological properties. Objectives: Hypericum scabrum Our previous studies had demonstrated cytotoxicity of L. methanol extract against some tumor cell lines, Hypericum suggesting the species for further studies. The objectives of the present study were to determine the most cytotoxic fraction of scabrum L. and to assess the apoptosis induction ability of the most effective fraction as well as its methanol extract. The laboratory evidence has been presented to support the potency of Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) medicinal plants as a source of different biological activity surveys and drug discoveries. -
Seven Complete Chloroplast Genomes from Symplocos: Genome Organization and Comparative Analysis
Article Seven Complete Chloroplast Genomes from Symplocos: Genome Organization and Comparative Analysis Sang-Chul Kim 1 , Jei-Wan Lee 1,* and Byoung-Ki Choi 2 1 Department of Forest Bioresources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Korea; [email protected] 2 Warm Temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, 22, Donnaeko-Ro, Seogwipo-Si 63582, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: In the present study, chloroplast genome sequences of four species of Symplocos (S. chinensis for. pilosa, S. prunifolia, S. coreana, and S. tanakana) from South Korea were obtained by Ion Torrent sequencing and compared with the sequences of three previously reported Symplocos chloroplast genomes from different species. The length of the Symplocos chloroplast genome ranged from 156,961 to 157,365 bp. Overall, 132 genes including 87 functional genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes were identified in all Symplocos chloroplast genomes. The gene order and contents were highly similar across the seven species. The coding regions were more conserved than the non- coding regions, and the large single-copy and small single-copy regions were less conserved than the inverted repeat regions. We identified five new hotspot regions (rbcL, ycf4, psaJ, rpl22, and ycf1) that can be used as barcodes or species-specific Symplocos molecular markers. These four novel chloroplast genomes provide basic information on the plastid genome of Symplocos and enable better taxonomic characterization of this genus. Citation: Kim, S.-C.; Lee, J.-W.; Choi, B.-K. Seven Complete Chloroplast Keywords: chloroplast; genome; next-generation sequencing; phylogenetics; simple sequence repeat Genomes from Symplocos: Genome Organization and Comparative Analysis. -
– Sortimentsoverzicht Ir
Pterostyrax – Sortimentsoverzicht Ir. J.J.C. Janssen Pterostyrax wordt Epaulettenboom of Vleugelstorax genoemd. De bloeiwijze van Pterostyrax doet enigszins denken aan een epaulet, de schouderversiering van een uniform. Vleugelstorax is niets anders dan een vertaling van de wetenschappelijke naam. Het is na Styrax en Halesia de bekendste vertegenwoordiger van de familie Styracaceae. De rijke bloei met witte geurende bloemen in lange hangende pluimen is erg opvallend. Het is de belangrijkste reden voor aanplant van deze attractieve, soms meerstammige bomen. Dit artikel probeert een bijdrage te leveren aan een grotere bekendheid en een beter gebruik van het kleine interessante geslacht Pterostyrax . Morfologie De vrucht bevat 1 of 2 vlezige zaden. Vooral de De habitus varieert van kleine tot middelgrote vorm van de snavel en de mate van beharing bomen tot meerstammige struikvormige bomen. van de vrucht en het blad zijn de belangrijkste Alle Pterostyrax zijn bladverliezend. De winter- verschil punten tussen de soorten. knoppen worden omhuld door 2 behaarde knop- schubben. Het blad staat verspreid, de blad rand Systematiek is gezaagd. Er zijn geen steunblaadjes. Aan korte Pterostyrax behoort, met onder andere de okstelstandige twijgen met 2-3 bladeren onstaat geslachten Halesia , Sinojackia, Rehderodendron de pluimvormige hangende bloeiwijze met talrijke en Melliodendron , tot de Styracaceae, Pterostyrax bloemen. De 5-tallige bloemen zijn 2-slachtig. hee+ een bovenstandig vruchtbeginsel, terwijl De kelkbuis is met het bovenstandige vrucht- de andere hier genoemde geslachten een onder- beginsel vergroeid. De kelktanden zijn klein en standig vruchtbeginsel hebben. In het verleden onopvallend en vormen lijnen naar de bloemsteel, werden, zoals door Bentham en Hooker in Genera waardoor de vrucht geribd of gevleugeld is.