Attila the Hun and the Christian Apocalypse
The End is Upon Us: Attila the Hun and the Christian Apocalypse By Nathan Landrum A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Liberty University 2020 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Chapter One: Traditional Roman Paganism and Christianity 11 Chapter Two: The Christianization of the Roman Empire 33 Chapter Three: Late Antique Christian Apocalyptism 54 Chapter Four: The Arrival of the Huns 73 Chapter Five: The Campaigns of Attila the Hun 96 Conclusion 125 Bibliography 128 Introduction: Following a successful, albeit rather brief, campaign into northern Italy in A.D. 452, Attila the Hun returned to his court somewhere in the vast Great Hungarian Plain (the actual location remains unknown). Throughout the course of making preparations for a renewed campaign against the Eastern and Western Roman Empire, Attila decided to take another wife in early 453, adding to his many marriages. Once the wedding festivities were over, both Attila and his new bride, Ildico, retired to their bridal chamber. However, when Attila did not appear the following morning, Hunnic guards stormed the room to discover Ildico weeping over her husband’s lifeless body. Perhaps celebrating too hard, Attila appeared to have hemorrhaged through his nose during the night as no wounds were discovered on his body. Despite Ildico’s suspicion of murder, Attila’s death was generally accepted by the Hunnic populace as an accident and great periods of mourning immediately ensued. According to the sixth century Gothic historian Jordanes, “Thus did drunkenness put a disgraceful end to a king renowned in war.”1 Therefore, Attila the Hun, the man who terrorized the Roman world and came to symbolize the very essence of barbarism, died an inglorious death.
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