DOCSLIB.ORG

Significance of the Chaetotaxy in Larval Identification of Pyrausta

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Significance of the Chaetotaxy in Larval Identification of Pyrausta Rec. zool. Surv. India: Vol. 117(4)/ 383-390, 2017 ISSN (Online) : (Applied for) DOI: 10.26515/rzsi/v117/i4/2017/121292 ISSN (Print) : 0375-1511 Significance of the chaetotaxy in larval identification of Pyrausta bambucivora Moore (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) D. S. Deep1*, P. C. Pathania2 and H. S. Rose3 1Department of Life Sciences, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh – 147301, Punjab, India, [email protected] 2Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore – 700053, Kolkata, India 3Department of Zoology and Environmantal Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala – 147002, Punjab, India Abstract The identification and diagnosis of insect pest can bestPyrausta be strengthen bambucivora through an examination of the arrangement of various setae and punctures of different body segments. In the current study, the cephalic region and other body segments (thoracic, abdominal) of the last instar caterpillar of Moore (Crambidae) have been examined thoroughlyKeywords and: contingent the occurrence of 17 tactile setae, 4 proprioceptors and 10 pores on each half of the head. Chaetotaxy, Crambidae, Lepidoptera, Pyraustinae Introduction Material and Methods Pyrausta bambucivora Moore is commonly known as Immature stages of Pyrausta bambucivora Moore has been bamboo leaf roller. Larvae of this species rigorously attack collected from Punjab and reared in the laboratory up to bamboo tree and left it deskeletonized after feeding on pupal stage on fresh host plant leaves. To study chaetotaxy them. The identification and control of this pest species in legitimate manner, the complete distention of the larval is much more important at imago stage than that at adult body was done by boiling the mature larvae in the test by studying their biology and chaetotaxy. The purpose tube. For proper maceration isolated heads and body were to carry out chaetotaxic studies of aforesaid species is to kept in KOH (10%) for 7-9 hrs followed by washing in 1% identify the different setae and puncture on the larval head glacial acetic acid followed by mounting in 70% alcohol and other body segments by studying their arrangements, and glycerine in 9:1 ratio. For setal study, isolated heads distribution pattern and size, which further help to of caterpillar shifted to petridish containing glycerine classify the species. Globally, the minority of workers whereas permanent slides of thorax and abdomen were such as Mathur (1954 and 1959), Singh (1956), Mathur made by fixing them in DPX on glass slide and then and Singh (1963), Azam and Ali (1965), Franzmann observed under stereoscopic zoom microscope. and Garrett (1978), Yoshiyasu (1980), Goel and Kumar (1981), Stehr (1987), Lin (1993), Amutha and David Results (1998), Rose and Singh (2010) and Pinheiro et. al., (2011) Head: Cranium moderately sclerotized, golden brown have given significant contribution in intensification of in colour and somewhat shiny; median epicranial suture the chaetotaxic study. So due to paucity of chaetotaxic less than half the length of adfrontal suture; front clypeus information and nomenclature, in the present paper, we longer than broad; ecdysial line wavy joining in middle endow with detailed descriptions of the chaetotaxic study to medium epicranial suture; mouth parts strongly of Pyrausta bambucivora Moore along with diagram’s. * Author for correspondence Article Received on: 10.11.2017 Accepted on: 19.12.2017 Significance of the chaetotaxy in larval identification of Pyrausta bambucivora Moore (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) sclerotized; stemmatal area somewhat differentiated from MDa lies close and posterior to MD2 (Plate-1, Figure 1 rest of cranium, having six stemmata, fifth stemmata & 2). present near the base of antenna and sixth behind fifth stemmata; stemmata 1, 2 and 6 large and almost equal in Thoracic Chaetotaxy: Spine like tactile setae. size; stemmata 3 present away from stemmata 2; each half T1 (Plate-1, fig.3): Prothoracic shield dark brown strongly of head represents 17 tactile setae, 4 proprioceptors and sclerotized, elongated and bent inwards; anterior margin 10 pores; all setae spine like arise from pinacula on the straighter and longer, posterior margin short and notched last larval instar. in the middle with edges rounded; each half with six setae Frontal group seta F1 and pore Fa; F1 situated much and two pores; XD group present near anterior margin closer to lateral margin of frons, directly postrad to C2, of shield; XD1 lies above and anterad to XD2; pore XDa whereas, pore Fa lies near median longitudinal line; present posterodorsad to XD1; XDb anterodorsad to XD2; present dorsad to F1. Clypeal group contains setae C1 XDa and XD1 situated close to each other. Dorsal group and C2, the latter present close to epicondyle, C1 slightly present near posterior margin of shield; D1 anterodorsad shorter than C2 and present towards median longitudinal to D2; D1 close to middorsal line; D2 longer than D1 in line. Setae AF1 and AF2 along with pore AFa constitutes length. Subdorsal group situated on posterolateral margin adfrontal group; AF2 slightly more than half the length of of shield; SD1 longer than SD2; SD1 anterolatrad to SD2. AF1, situated posterad to point where median epicranial Lateral group bisetose, with setae L1 and L2 sharing same suture joins the lateral adfrontal suture near median pinaculum; the latter prespiracle in position; L1 longer epicranial suture, AF1 posteromesad to A1, close to than L2; L2 directly laterad to SD1; L1 posteroventrad to lateral frontal suture; pore AFa lies near the mid line and L2. Subventral group lies above leg base, bisetose, beset also anterad to AF2. Setae A1, A2, A3 and pore Aa located on common oblong pinaculum; SV2 shorter and anterior on the anterodorsal area, represent anterior group; A1 in to SV1. Ventral group consisted of single tactile seta V1, level of stemmata 3, lies towards median longitudinal present below coxa near midventral line. Microscopic line; A2 present almost in straight line posterior to A1; setae bear two groups MXD and MV; MXD1 equally A3 posterolatrad to A2; A3>A1>A2 lengthwise; pore Aa distant from D1 and D2 and lies close to posterior lies close to A2 than A3 and posteromesad to A2. Setae margin of thoracic shield; MV group represented by setae P1 and P2 along with pore Pb denotes as posteriodorsal MV2 and MV3; MV3 lying precoxal in position; MV2 group; P1 greatly longer than P2; P2 posterolaterad of posterodorsad to MV3. P1; pore Pb closer and anterad to P2. Seta L1 represents lateral group; pore La absent; L1 posterolatrad to A3. T2 and T3 (Plate-1, fig. 4): Dorsal group composed of two Stemmatal area inundated with setae S1, S2, and S3 in setae D1 and D2 share same pinaculum; D1 posterodorsad addition to pore Sa and Sb; S1 present inside semicircle to D2; D2 longer than D1. Subdorsal group comprises of stemmata, near but ventrocaudad to second stemmata; setae SD1 and SD2 present on common pinaculum; SD1 S2 caudad to stemmata 1, S3 present posterad to sixth anterolaterad to SD2. Lateral group trisetose with setae stemmata ; S2>S1>S3 lengthwise; pore Sa lies dorsad to L1 and L2 present on common pinaculum and L3 on stemmata 6; pore Sb lies very close and behind stemmata separate irregular pinaculum; L1 anteroventrad to SD1; L2 3. Substemmatal area contains setae SS1, SS2 and SS3; SS1 anteroventrad to L1; L3 posterodorsad to L2. Subventral lies near and below stemmata 6, SS2 lies close and caudad group unisetose; seta SV1 lying on subtraingular to stemmata 6; SS3 dorsocaudad to SS1; SS1>SS3<SS2 pinaculum, present anteroventrad to L3. Seta V1 situated lengthwise; pore SSa absent. Seta MG1 and pore MGa posteroventrad to base of leg close to midventral line. constitutes genal group; MG1 present at lower and MD1 situated close to the anterior margin of segment and rear portion of the head; pore MGa lies dorsoanterad anterolaterad to D2; proprioceptors MSD1 and MSD2 to seta MG1. Microdorsal group furnished with setae lying anterad to seta SD1; MSD1 posterodorsad to MSD2; MD1, MD2, MD3 and pore MDa; MD1 dorsolaterad to microsetae MV1, MV2 and MV3 situated opposite leg; P2; MD2 lies in middle of MD1 and MD3 and present MV3 anteroventrad to MV2 and latter posteroventrad to posteromesad to MDa; MD3 posterodorsad to MD2; pore MV1. 384 Vol 117(4) | 2017 | www.recordsofzsi.com Zoological Survey of India D. S. Deep, P. C. Pathania and H. S. Rose Abdominal Chaetotaxy A9 (Plate-1, fig. 9): Dorsal group bisetose having setae D1 and D2; D1 seta share same pinaculum with subventral A1, A2, A7 and A8 (Plate-1, fig.-5,7): Setae of dorsal group group; D1 anteroventrad to D2; D1 shorter than D2. D1 and D2 present close to middorsal line of segment; in Subdorsal group unisetose, seta SD1 posteroventrad A1 and A7, D1 longer and anterodorsad to D2; but in A2 to D1, SD1 thin and hair-like, much shorter than D1. and A8, D2 somewhat longer than D1. Subdorsal group Lateral group unisetose with seta L1 posteroventrad to possesses setae SD1 and SD2; SD1 longer than SD2 and SD1. Subventral seta SV1 posteroventrad to L1. Seta V1 encircled by rounded pinaculum; SD2 microscopic; in all posteroventrad to SV1 and lies close to ventral meson. the segments, SD1 dorsad to spiracle; SD2 anterodorsad Microsetae MD1 and MV3 lies near anterior margin of to spiracle. Lateral group trisetose, represented by setae segment; MD1 anteroventrad to D2; MV3 anteroventrad L1, L2 and L3; L1 and L2 present on common pinaculum; to SV1. L3 present on a separate irregular pinaculum; L1 posteroventrad to spiracle; L2 anteroventrad to L1; L3 A10(Plate-1, fig.-10): Anal shield well developed; anterior posteroventrad to L1; L3>L2>L1 lengthwise. Subventral margin straight; posterior margin more or less rounded; group contains setae SV1, SV2 and SV3; in segment A2, D1 present near anterior margin of shield; D1 longer than subventral group trisetose, beset with setae SV1, SV2 D2; D2 lies at distal margin of shield.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fung Yuen SSSI & Butterfly Reserve Moth Survey 2009
    Fung Yuen SSSI & Butterfly Reserve Moth Survey 2009 Fauna Conservation Department Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden 29 June 2010 Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Publication Series: No 6 Fung Yuen SSSI & Butterfly Reserve moth survey 2009 Fung Yuen SSSI & Butterfly Reserve Moth Survey 2009 Executive Summary The objective of this survey was to generate a moth species list for the Butterfly Reserve and Site of Special Scientific Interest [SSSI] at Fung Yuen, Tai Po, Hong Kong. The survey came about following a request from Tai Po Environmental Association. Recording, using ultraviolet light sources and live traps in four sub-sites, took place on the evenings of 24 April and 16 October 2009. In total, 825 moths representing 352 species were recorded. Of the species recorded, 3 meet IUCN Red List criteria for threatened species in one of the three main categories “Critically Endangered” (one species), “Endangered” (one species) and “Vulnerable” (one species” and a further 13 species meet “Near Threatened” criteria. Twelve of the species recorded are currently only known from Hong Kong, all are within one of the four IUCN threatened or near threatened categories listed. Seven species are recorded from Hong Kong for the first time. The moth assemblages recorded are typical of human disturbed forest, feng shui woods and orchards, with a relatively low Geometridae component, and includes a small number of species normally associated with agriculture and open habitats that were found in the SSSI site. Comparisons showed that each sub-site had a substantially different assemblage of species, thus the site as a whole should retain the mosaic of micro-habitats in order to maintain the high moth species richness observed.
    [Show full text]
  • Hellula Undalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)—A Possible Control Agent?
    Biological Control 26 (2003) 202–208 www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon First detection of a microsporidium in the crucifer pest Hellula undalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)—a possible control agent? Inga Mewis,a,d,* Regina G. Kleespies,b Christian Ulrichs,c,d and Wilfried H. Schnitzlerd a Pesticide Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA b Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstr. 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany c USDA-ARS, Beneficial Insect Introduction Research, 501 South Chapel Str., Newark, DE 19713, USA d Technical University Munich, Institute of Vegetable Science, D€urnast II, 85350 Freising, Germany Received 18 April 2002; accepted 11 September 2002 Abstract For the first time, a microsporidian infection was observed in the pest species Hellula undalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in crucifer fields in Nueva–Ecija, Philippines. Because H. undalis is difficult to control by chemical insecticides and microbiological control techniques have not been established, we investigated the biology, the pathogenicity and transmission of this pathogen found in H. undalis. An average of 16% of larvae obtained from crucifer fields in Nueva–Ecija displayed microsporidian infections and 75% of infected H. undalis died during larval development. Histopathological studies revealed that the infection is initiated in the midgut and then spreads to all organs. The microsporidium has two different sporulation sequences: a disporoblastic development pro- ducing binucleate free mature spores and an octosporoblastic development forming eight uninucleate spores. These two discrete life cycles imply its taxonomic assignment to the genus Vairimorpha. The size of the binucleate, diplokaryotic spores as measured on Giemsa-stained smears was 3:56 Æ 0:29lm in length and 2:18 Æ 0:21lm in width, whereas the uninucleate octospores measured 2:44 Æ 0:20 Â 1:64 Æ 0:14lm.
    [Show full text]
  • GIS Handbook Appendices
    Aerial Survey GIS Handbook Appendix D Revised 11/19/2007 Appendix D Cooperating Agency Codes The following table lists the aerial survey cooperating agencies and codes to be used in the agency1, agency2, agency3 fields of the flown/not flown coverages. The contents of this list is available in digital form (.dbf) at the following website: http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/publications/id/id_guidelines.html 28 Aerial Survey GIS Handbook Appendix D Revised 11/19/2007 Code Agency Name AFC Alabama Forestry Commission ADNR Alaska Department of Natural Resources AZFH Arizona Forest Health Program, University of Arizona AZS Arizona State Land Department ARFC Arkansas Forestry Commission CDF California Department of Forestry CSFS Colorado State Forest Service CTAES Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station DEDA Delaware Department of Agriculture FDOF Florida Division of Forestry FTA Fort Apache Indian Reservation GFC Georgia Forestry Commission HOA Hopi Indian Reservation IDL Idaho Department of Lands INDNR Indiana Department of Natural Resources IADNR Iowa Department of Natural Resources KDF Kentucky Division of Forestry LDAF Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry MEFS Maine Forest Service MDDA Maryland Department of Agriculture MADCR Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation MIDNR Michigan Department of Natural Resources MNDNR Minnesota Department of Natural Resources MFC Mississippi Forestry Commission MODC Missouri Department of Conservation NAO Navajo Area Indian Reservation NDCNR Nevada Department of Conservation
    [Show full text]
  • Island Biology Island Biology
    IIssllaanndd bbiioollooggyy Allan Sørensen Allan Timmermann, Ana Maria Martín González Camilla Hansen Camille Kruch Dorte Jensen Eva Grøndahl, Franziska Petra Popko, Grete Fogtmann Jensen, Gudny Asgeirsdottir, Hubertus Heinicke, Jan Nikkelborg, Janne Thirstrup, Karin T. Clausen, Karina Mikkelsen, Katrine Meisner, Kent Olsen, Kristina Boros, Linn Kathrin Øverland, Lucía de la Guardia, Marie S. Hoelgaard, Melissa Wetter Mikkel Sørensen, Morten Ravn Knudsen, Pedro Finamore, Petr Klimes, Rasmus Højer Jensen, Tenna Boye Tine Biedenweg AARHUS UNIVERSITY 2005/ESSAYS IN EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY Teachers: Bodil K. Ehlers, Tanja Ingversen, Dave Parker, MIchael Warrer Larsen, Yoko L. Dupont & Jens M. Olesen 1 C o n t e n t s Atlantic Ocean Islands Faroe Islands Kent Olsen 4 Shetland Islands Janne Thirstrup 10 Svalbard Linn Kathrin Øverland 14 Greenland Eva Grøndahl 18 Azores Tenna Boye 22 St. Helena Pedro Finamore 25 Falkland Islands Kristina Boros 29 Cape Verde Islands Allan Sørensen 32 Tristan da Cunha Rasmus Højer Jensen 36 Mediterranean Islands Corsica Camille Kruch 39 Cyprus Tine Biedenweg 42 Indian Ocean Islands Socotra Mikkel Sørensen 47 Zanzibar Karina Mikkelsen 50 Maldives Allan Timmermann 54 Krakatau Camilla Hansen 57 Bali and Lombok Grete Fogtmann Jensen 61 Pacific Islands New Guinea Lucía de la Guardia 66 2 Solomon Islands Karin T. Clausen 70 New Caledonia Franziska Petra Popko 74 Samoa Morten Ravn Knudsen 77 Tasmania Jan Nikkelborg 81 Fiji Melissa Wetter 84 New Zealand Marie S. Hoelgaard 87 Pitcairn Katrine Meisner 91 Juan Fernandéz Islands Gudny Asgeirsdottir 95 Hawaiian Islands Petr Klimes 97 Galápagos Islands Dorthe Jensen 102 Caribbean Islands Cuba Hubertus Heinicke 107 Dominica Ana Maria Martin Gonzalez 110 Essay localities 3 The Faroe Islands Kent Olsen Introduction The Faroe Islands is a treeless archipelago situated in the heart of the warm North Atlantic Current on the Wyville Thompson Ridge between 61°20’ and 62°24’ N and between 6°15’ and 7°41’ W.
    [Show full text]
  • The Microlepidopterous Fauna of Sri Lanka, Formerly Ceylon, Is Famous
    ON A COLLECTION OF SOME FAMILIES OF MICRO- LEPIDOPTERA FROM SRI LANKA (CEYLON) by A. DIAKONOFF Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden With 65 text-figures and 18 plates CONTENTS Preface 3 Cochylidae 5 Tortricidae, Olethreutinae, Grapholitini 8 „ „ Eucosmini 23 „ „ Olethreutini 66 „ Chlidanotinae, Chlidanotini 78 „ „ Polyorthini 79 „ „ Hilarographini 81 „ „ Phricanthini 81 „ Tortricinae, Tortricini 83 „ „ Archipini 95 Brachodidae 98 Choreutidae 102 Carposinidae 103 Glyphipterigidae 108 A list of identified species no A list of collecting localities 114 Index of insect names 117 Index of latin plant names 122 PREFACE The microlepidopterous fauna of Sri Lanka, formerly Ceylon, is famous for its richness and variety, due, without doubt, to the diversified biotopes and landscapes of this beautiful island. In spite of this, there does not exist a survey of its fauna — except a single contribution, by Lord Walsingham, in Moore's "Lepidoptera of Ceylon", already almost a hundred years old, and a number of small papers and stray descriptions of new species, in various journals. The authors of these papers were Walker, Zeller, Lord Walsingham and a few other classics — until, starting with 1905, a flood of new descriptions 4 ZOOLOGISCHE VERHANDELINGEN I93 (1982) and records from India and Ceylon appeared, all by the hand of Edward Meyrick. He was almost the single specialist of these faunas, until his death in 1938. To this great Lepidopterist we chiefly owe our knowledge of all groups of Microlepidoptera of Sri Lanka. After his death this information stopped abruptly. In the later years great changes have taken place in the tropical countries. We are now facing, alas, the disastrously quick destruction of natural bio- topes, especially by the reckless liquidation of the tropical forests.
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Insect Conditions in the United States 1966
    FOREST INSECT CONDITIONS IN THE UNITED STATES 1966 FOREST SERVICE ' U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Foreword This report is the 18th annual account of the scope, severity, and trend of the more important forest insect infestations in the United States, and of the programs undertaken to check resulting damage and loss. It is compiled primarily for managers of public and private forest lands, but has become useful to students and others interested in outbreak trends and in the location and extent of pest populations. The report also makes possible n greater awareness of the insect prob­ lem and of losses to the timber resource. The opening section highlights the more important conditions Nationwide, and each section that pertains to a forest region is prefaced by its own brief summary. Under the Federal Forest Pest Control Act, a sharing by Federal and State Governments the costs of surveys and control is resulting in a stronger program of forest insect and disease detection and evaluation surveys on non-Federal lands. As more States avail themselves of this financial assistance from the Federal Government, damage and loss from forest insects will become less. The screening and testing of nonpersistent pesticides for use in suppressing forest defoliators continued in 1966. The carbamate insecticide Zectran in a pilot study of its effectiveness against the spruce budworm in Montana and Idaho appeared both successful and safe. More extensive 'tests are planned for 1967. Since only the smallest of the spray droplets reach the target, plans call for reducing the spray to a fine mist. The course of the fine spray, resulting from diffusion and atmospheric currents, will be tracked by lidar, a radar-laser combination.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Insects, Spiders and Mites in Vegetable Crops: Workshop Manual Loopers Chrysodeixis Spp
    Important pests in vegetable crops This section gives descriptions of common pests found in Australian vegetable crops. They are listed according to the insect order they belong to. Moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) Heliothis (corn earworm, tomato budworm, native budworm) Helicoverpa spp. Heliothis larvae feed as leaf eaters and bud and fruit borers on a wide range of plants, including many weeds. Adults lay round, domed, ribbed eggs that are cream when newly laid, turning brownish (‘brown ring’ stage) as they mature. Larvae grow up to 40 mm long and vary in colour from green through yellow and brown to almost black, with a pale stripe down each side. The moths have a wing span of 35–45 mm. Heliothis moth at rest These are some examples of heliothis damage to vegetable crops: • On lettuce and brassicas, larvae feed on the outer leaves or tunnel into the heart of the plant. • In tomato crops, eggs are laid on the leaves, flowers and fruit. Young larvae burrow into flowers causing them to fall and they cause pinhole damage to very young tomato fruit. Older larvae burrow into the fruit, creating holes and encouraging rots to develop. • In capsicum, larvae feed on the fruit and the seed inside the fruit. Eggs are laid mainly on leaves, but also on flowers and buds. Heliothis eggs on tomato shoot • In sweet corn, eggs are laid on the silks and leaves. Larvae feed on the developing grains on the cob, sometimes on the leaves and often inside the tip of the corn cob. • In green beans and peas, the larvae feed on the flowers, pods and developing seed inside the pods.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Temperature on Development Rate and Survival of Nomophila Nearctica (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 24 Number 4 - Winter 1991 Number 4 - Winter Article 10 1991 December 1991 Effect of Temperature on Development Rate and Survival of Nomophila Nearctica (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Fredric D. Miller Jr. University of Illinois Joseph V. Maddox Illinois Natural History Survey Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Miller, Fredric D. Jr. and Maddox, Joseph V. 1991. "Effect of Temperature on Development Rate and Survival of Nomophila Nearctica (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 24 (4) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol24/iss4/10 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Miller and Maddox: Effect of Temperature on Development Rate and Survival of <i>Nomo 1991 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 281 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON DEVELOPMENT RATE AND SURVIVAL OF NOMOPHILA NEARCTICA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) Fredric D. Miller, Jr. 1 and Joseph V. Maddox2 ABSTRACT Development of Nomophila nearctica was studied under six constant tempera­ tures in controlled temperature cabinets. Developmental threshold temperatures for egg, larval, and prepupal-pupal stages were 8.9, 1l.5, and 9.2°C. The overall mean developmental threshold temperature for all stages was 9.9°C. Degree-day summa­ tions, based on the above threshold temperatures, averaged 50, 304, and 181 DD for the egg, larval, and prepupal-pupal stages, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Crucifer Insect Pest Problems: Trends, Issues and Management Strategies
    Crucifer insect pest problems: trends, issues and management strategies G.S. Lim1, A. Sivapragasam2 and W.H. Loke2 1IIBC Station Malaysia, P.O. Box 210, 43409 UPM Serdang 2Strategic, Environment and Natural Resources Center, MARDI, P.O. Box 12301, 50774, Kuala Lumpur Abstract Crucifer vegetables are important cultivated crops and are widely grown in many parts of the world, including the highlands in most tropical countries. They are frequently attacked by a number of important insect pests. Some have been a problem for a long time while others have become important only recently. For many, trends are apparent pertaining to their changing status, including other aspects and strategies associated with efforts to counter them. In some cases, they are also closely associated with other agricultural developments and agronomic practices which are driven by commercial interests in vegetable production. Among the major trends recognised are: (1) A number of pests persisting to be important (e.g., Plutella xylostella or diamondback moth (DBM), Pieris rapae, Hellula undalis), (2) Negative impacts of pesticides continuing to be of major concern where DBM remains a serious problem, (3) Some pests becoming more important, either independently of DBM suppression (e.g., leafminer and Spodoptera exigua) or as a consequence of effective DBM control (e.g., aphid and Crocidolomia binotalis), (4) DBM becoming increasingly resistant to Bacillus thuringiensis, and (5) New cultivation practices emerging, such as rain shelter and hydroponic systems. All these have generated new concerns, additional issues and challenges, and have demanded a review of crucifer cultivation and the associated pest problems, including their management practices and approach.
    [Show full text]
  • A Pest Management Strategic Plan for the Michigan Blueberry Industry
    A PEST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIC PLAN FOR THE MICHIGAN BLUEBERRY INDUSTRY June 6-7, 2001 1 INVITED WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS Claudia Arkestyn Consultant, Wilbur-Ellis Randy Beaudry Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, [email protected] Tom Benner Michigan Department of Agriculture George Bird Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, [email protected] Larry Bodtke Grower, Grand Junction Wilfred Burr USDA, Office of Pest Management Policy Mike DeGrandchamp Grower, South Haven Beverlee DeJonge United Blueberry Producers Todd DeKryger Gerber Charlie Edson Small Fruit Integrator, Michigan State University Bill Fritz Grower, Bloomingdale Karlis Galens Grower, Covert Al Gaus Michigan State University Extension Jeff Groenhof Grower, Holland Eric Hanson Department of Horticulture (Weed Sci), Michigan State University, [email protected] Chris Hodgman Grower, Grand Junction Rufus Isaacs Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, [email protected] Lynnae Jess North Central Pest Management Center, Michigan State University, [email protected] Wayne Kiel Grower, Holland Dick Ledebuhr Department of Agriculture Engineering, Michigan State University, [email protected] Oscar Liburd Department of Entomology, Michigan State University Mark Longstroth Michigan State University Extension, [email protected] Satoru Miyazaki Michigan State University Extension IR-4, [email protected] Doug Murray Independent Consultant Ken Nye Michigan Farm Bureau Larry Olsen North Central Pest Management Center, Michigan State University, [email protected] Steve Paul Grower, Fruitport Earl Peterson Processor Annemiek Schilder Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, [email protected] Dave Trinka MBG Marketing, [email protected] Bob Tritten Michigan State University Extension Gary VanEe Department of Agriculture Engineering, Michigan State University Barbara VanTil Region 5 Environmental Protection Agency Don Windemuller Grower, Holland John Wise Michigan State University Extension 2 TOP PRIORITIES OF MICHIGAN BLUEBERRY PRODUCTION Research: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • TORTS Newsletter of the Troop of Reputed Tortricid Systematists ISSN 1945-807X (Print) ISSN 1945-8088 (Online)
    Volume 11 14 February 2010 Issue 1 TORTS Newsletter of the Troop of Reputed Tortricid Systematists ISSN 1945-807X (print) ISSN 1945-8088 (online) NEW LEPIDOPTERISTS AT papers to Dr. B.-K. Byun - [email protected]. MAJOR INSTITUTIONS PDFs of 11 papers authored or co-authored by Jozef Razowski (2000-2009) can be found at WORLDWIDE http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tortricidae. And as mentioned in a previous issue of the It’s been a remarkable year for those newsletter, issues of Polskie Pismo young scienstists in the job market seeking a Entomologiczne 2006-2009 also are available career postion in Lepidoptera systematics, on-line at http://pte.au.poznan.pl/ppe/ppe.htm. with positions becoming available at The ______________________________________ Natural History Museum, London, U.K., the Australian National Insect Collection TAXONOMIC ADDITIONS AND (ANIC), Canberra, Australia, and The McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and CHANGES PROPOSED IN 2008 Biodiversity, University of Florida, Gainesville. While a new lepidopterist has Below is a list of the new tortricid taxa been hired at The Natural History Museum, proposed in 2008 (with a few overlooked from potential candidates are still being evaluated previous years), followed by a list of new at ANIC and the McGuire Center. synonyms, new combinations, and mis- Thomas Simonsen, most recently from spellings, followed by the literature that the lab of Felix Sperling at the University of supports the proposed additions and changes. Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, accepted the position in London in late 2009. Stay tuned Acleris for news on the positions in Canberra and Gainesville. nishidai Brown, in Brown & Nishida, 2008 ____________________________________ (Acleris), SHILAP Revista de Lepidoptero- logia 36: 342.
    [Show full text]
  • Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring Within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘I: Synthesis Report
    Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Prepared by Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Hawaii Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817 USA Prepared for EKNA Services Inc. 615 Pi‘ikoi Street, Suite 300 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96814 and State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation, Airports Division Bishop Museum Technical Report 58 Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright 2012 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2012 001 to the Hawaii Biological Survey COVER Adult male Hawaiian long-horned wood-borer, Plagithmysus kahului, on its host plant Chenopodium oahuense. This species is endemic to lowland Maui and was discovered during the arthropod surveys. Photograph by Forest and Kim Starr, Makawao, Maui. Used with permission. Hawaii Biological Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Synthesis TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents …………….......................................................……………...........……………..…..….i. Executive Summary …….....................................................…………………...........……………..…..….1 Introduction ..................................................................………………………...........……………..…..….4
    [Show full text]