Electronic Principles VI, 7-10. Military Curriculum Materials for Vocational and Technical Education

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Electronic Principles VI, 7-10. Military Curriculum Materials for Vocational and Technical Education DOCUMENT RESUME ED 246 221 CE 039 206 TITLE Electronic Principles VI, 7-10. Military Curriculum Materials for Vocational and Technical Education. INSTITUTION Air Force Training Command, Eqesler AFB, Miss.; Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education. SPONS AGENCY Department of Education, Washington, DC. PUB DATE 75 NOTE 339p.; For related documents, see CE 039 201-210. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use Materials (For Learner) (051) Guides Classroom Use - Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC14 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Behavioral Objectives; Course Content; Course Descriptions; *Electric Circuits; *Electronic Equipment; *Electronics; Individualized Instruction; Learning Activities; Learning Modules; Pacing; Postsecondary Education; Programed Instructional Materials; Secondary Education; *Technical Education IDENTIFIERS *Electric Generators; Military Curriculum Project; *Solid State (Electronics) ABSTRACT This sixth of 10 blocks of student and teacher materials for a secondary/postsecondary level course in electronic principles,comprises one of a number of military-developed curriculum packages selected for adaptation to vocational instruction and curriculum development in a civilian setting. Prerequisites are the previous blocks. This block on solid state wave generating and wave shaping circuits contains nine modules covering 68 hours of instruction on principles of oscillations (5 hours), solid state LC oscillators (8), solid state RC oscillators (5), solid state frequency multipliers (4), solid state pulsed and block oscillators (8), solid state multivibrators (12), solid state sawtooth generators (8), solid state trapezoidal generators (7), and solid state limiters and clambers (11). Printed instructor materials include a plan of instruction detailing the units of instruction, duration of the lessons, criterion objectives, and support materials needed. Student materials include a student text; nine guidance packages containing objectives, assignments, review exercises and answers for each module; and two programmed texts. A digest of the modules in the block is provided for students who need only to review the material. Designed for self- or group-paced instruction, the material can be adapted for individualized instruction. Additional print and audiovisual materials are recommended but not provided. (YLB) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** MILITARY CURRICULUM MATERIALS The military-developed curriculum materials in this course package were selected by the National Center for Research in Vocational Education Military Curriculum Project for dissem- ination to the six regional Curriculum Coordination Centers and other instructional materials agencies.The purpose of disseminating these courses was to make curriculum materials developed by the military more accessible to vocational educators in the civilian setting. The course materials were acquired, evaluated by project staff and practitioners in the field, and prepared for dissemination. Materials which were specific to the military were deleted, copyrighted materials were either omitted or appro- val for their use was obtained.These course packages contain curriculum resource materials which can be adapted to support vocational instruction and curriculum development. 3 Military Curriculum Materials for The National Center Vocational and Mission Statement Technical Education The National Center for Research in Information and Field Vocational Education's mission is to increase the ability of diverse agencies, institutions, Services Division and organizations to solve educational prob- lems relating to individual career planning, preparation, and progression. The National The National Center for Research Center fulfills its mission by: in Vocational Education Generating knowledge through research Developing educational programs and products Evaluating individual program needs and outcomes Installing educational programs and products Operating information systems and services Conducting leadership development and training programs FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT Military Curriculum Materials WRITE OR CALL Program Information Office The National Center for Research in Vocational Education The Ohio State University 1960 Kenny Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210 4 Telephone: 614/486-3655 or Toll Free 800/ 84 &4815 within the continental U.S. ,00 (except Ohio) Military Curriculum Materials What Materials How Can These Dissemination is. .. Are Available? Materials Be Obtained? 1111111111111111=111111111111111 an activity to increase the accessibility of One hundred twenty courses on microfiche Contact the Curriculum Coordination Center military-developed curriculum materials to (thirteen in paper form) and descriptions of in your region for information on obtaining vocational and technical educators. each have been provided to the vocational materials (e.g., availability and cost). They Curriculum Coordination Centers and other will respond to your request directly or refer This project, funded by the U.S. Office of instructional materials agencies for dissemi- you to an instructional materials agency Education, includes the identification and nation. closer to you. acquisition of curriculum materials in print form from the Coast Guard, Air Force, Coursematerialsinclude programmed Army, Marine Corps and Navy. instruction, curriculum outlines, instructor CURRICULUM COORDINATION CENTERS guides, student workbooks and technical Access to military curriculum materials is manuals. EAST CENTRAL NORTHWEST provided through a "Joint Memorandum of Rebecca S. Douglass William Daniels Understanding" between the U.S. Office of The 120 courses represent the following Director Director Education and the Department of Defense. sixteen vocational subject areas: 100 North First Street Building 17 Springfield, IL 62'77 Airdustrial Park The acquired materials are reviewed by staff Agriculture Food Service 217/782-0759 Olympia, WA 98504 and subject matter specialists, and courses Aviation Health 206/753-0879 deemed applicable to vocational and tech- Building & Heating & Air nical education are selected for dissemination. Construction Conditioning MIDWEST SOUTHEAST Trades Machine Shop Robert Patton James F. Shill, Ph.D. The National Center for Resear :h in Clerical Management & Director Director Vocational Education is the U.S. Office of Occupations Supervision 1515 West Sixth Ave. Mississippi State University Education's designated representative to Communications Meteorology & Stillwater. OK 74704 Drawer DX acquire the materials and conduct the project Drafting Navigation 405/3774000 Mississippi State. MS 39762 activities. Electronics Photography 601/325-2510 Engine Mechanics Public Service Project Staff: NORTHEAST WESTERN The number of courses and the subject areas Joseph F. Kelly. Ph.D. Lawrence F. H. Zane. Ph.D. Wesley E. Budke, Ph.D., Director represented will expand as additional mate- Director Director National Center Clearinghouse rials with application to vocational and 225 West State Street 1776 University Ave. Shirley A. Chase, Ph.D. technical education are identified and selected Trenton. NJ 08625 Honolulu. HI 96822 Project Director for dissemination. 609/292-6562 808/9484834 C 7 Classroom Course 7-10 ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES VI Table of Contents Course Description Page 1 Plan of Instruction Page 3 Volume VI Sclid State Wave Generating and Wave Page 31 Shaping Circuits - Student Text Modules 42-50 - Digest Page 123 Module 42 Principles of Oscillations - Guidance Package Page 145 Module 43 Solid State LC Oscillators - Guidance Package Page 151 Module 44 Solid State RC Oscillators - Guidance Package Page 166 Module 45 Solid State Frequency Multipliers - Page 196 Guidance Package Module 46 Solid State Pulsed and Blocking Oscillators - Page 201 Guidance Package Module 47 Solid State Multivibrators - Guidance Package Page 212 Solid State Multivibrators - Programmed Text Page 262 Module 48 Solid State Sawtooth Generators - Page 314 Guidance Package Module 49 Solid State Trapezoidal Generators - Page 328 Guidance Package -continued- S Module 59 Solid State Trapezoidal Waveform Generator Page 342 Programmed Text Module 50 Solid State Limiters and Clampers Page 356 Guidance Package 9 ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES VI Classroom Course 7-10 Developed by: D.O.T. No.: 003.081 United States Air Force Occupational Area: Development and Review Dates Electronics Target Audiences: November 6, 1975 Grades 11-adult Print Pages: 367 Cost: $7.50 Availability: Military Curriculum Project, The Center for Vocational Education, 1960 Kenny Rd.. Columbus, OH 43210 a a to 2 i 1 .. 1 es " li tr. a i 1 q S 3 C ga t g S. Contents: 1 i111 14.-.11 i t i- us a mss: 1i 2 4 4:Etc No. of oases Block VI Solid State Wave Generating and Wave Shaping Circuits ,--. L Module 42 Principles of * Oscillations 6 Module 43 Solid State LC * * Oscillators 13 Module 44 Solid State RC * * * Oscillators 30 Module 45 Solid State Frequency * Multipliers 6 Module 46 Solid State Pulsed and Blocking Oscillators 11 t Module 47 Solid State Multivibrators 40i_ .M Module 48 Solid State Sawtooth * * Generators 14 Module 49 Solid State Trapezoidal Generators 14 * Module 50 Solid State Limiters and Clanspres 27 * * * Materials ere recommended but not provided. Me OfIMMICIIKancaii MOO Expires July 1, 1978 04 4 ).:, s. &If i?Nivf01$11r
Recommended publications
  • Chapter 19 - the Oscillator
    Chapter 19 - The Oscillator The Electronics Curse “Your amplifiers will oscillate, your oscillators won't!” Question, What is an Oscillator? A Pendulum is an Oscillator... “Oscillators are circuits that are used to generate A.C. signals. Although mechanical methods, like alternators, can be used to generate low frequency A.C. signals, such as the 50 Hz mains, electronic circuits are the most practical way of generating signals at radio frequencies.” Comment: Hmm, wasn't always. In the time of Marconi, generators were used to generate a frequency to transmit. We are talking about kiloWatts of power! e.g. Grimeton L.F. Transmitter. Oscillators are widely used in both transmitters and receivers. In transmitters they are used to generate the radio frequency signal that will ultimately be applied to the antenna, causing it to transmit. In receivers, oscillators are widely used in conjunction with mixers (a circuit that will be covered in a later module) to change the frequency of the received radio signal. Principal of Operation The diagram below is a ‘block diagram’ showing a typical oscillator. Block diagrams differ from the circuit diagrams that we have used so far in that they do not show every component in the circuit individually. Instead they show complete functional blocks – for example, amplifiers and filters – as just one symbol in the diagram. They are useful because they allow us to get a high level overview of how a circuit or system functions without having to show every individual component. The Barkhausen Criterion [That's NOT ‘dog box’ in German!] Comment: In electronics, the Barkhausen stability criterion is a mathematical condition to determine when a linear electronic circuit will oscillate.
    [Show full text]
  • AM Transmitters
    Chapter 4: AM Transmitters Chapter 4 Objectives At the conclusion of this chapter, the reader will be able to: • Draw a block diagram of a high or low-level AM transmitter, giving typical signals at each point in the circuit. • Discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of high and low-level AM transmitters. • Identify an RF oscillator configuration, pointing out the components that control its frequency. • Describe the physical construction of a quartz crystal. • Calculate the series and parallel resonant frequencies of a quartz crystal, given manufacturer's data. • Identify the resonance modes of a quartz crystal in typical RF oscillator circuits. • Describe the operating characteristics of an RF amplifier circuit, given its schematic diagram. • Explain the operation of modulator circuits. • Identify the functional blocks (amplifiers, oscillators, etc) in a schematic diagram. • List measurement procedures used with AM transmitters. • Develop a plan for troubleshooting a transmitter. In Chapter 3 we studied the theory of amplitude modulation, but we never actually built an AM transmitter. To construct a working transmitter (or receiver), a knowledge of RF circuit principles is necessary. A complete transmitter consists of many different stages and hundreds of electronic components. When beginning technicians see the schematic diagram of a "real" electronic system for the first time, they're overwhelmed. A schematic contains much valuable information. But to the novice, it's a swirling mass of resistors, capacitors, coils, transistors, and IC chips, all connected in a massive web of wires! How can anyone understand this? All electronic systems, no matter how complex, are built from functional blocks or stages.
    [Show full text]
  • Lec#12: Sine Wave Oscillators
    Integrated Technical Education Cluster Banna - At AlAmeeria ‎ © Ahmad El J-601-1448 Electronic Principals Lecture #12 Sine wave oscillators Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna 2015 January Banna Agenda - © Ahmad El Introduction Feedback Oscillators Oscillators with RC Feedback Circuits 1448 Lec#12 , Jan, 2015 Oscillators with LC Feedback Circuits - 601 - J Crystal-Controlled Oscillators 2 INTRODUCTION 3 J-601-1448 , Lec#12 , Jan 2015 © Ahmad El-Banna Banna Introduction - • An oscillator is a circuit that produces a periodic waveform on its output with only the dc supply voltage as an input. © Ahmad El • The output voltage can be either sinusoidal or non sinusoidal, depending on the type of oscillator. • Two major classifications for oscillators are feedback oscillators and relaxation oscillators. o an oscillator converts electrical energy from the dc power supply to periodic waveforms. 1448 Lec#12 , Jan, 2015 - 601 - J 4 FEEDBACK OSCILLATORS FEEDBACK 5 J-601-1448 , Lec#12 , Jan 2015 © Ahmad El-Banna Banna Positive feedback - • Positive feedback is characterized by the condition wherein a portion of the output voltage of an amplifier is fed © Ahmad El back to the input with no net phase shift, resulting in a reinforcement of the output signal. Basic elements of a feedback oscillator. 1448 Lec#12 , Jan, 2015 - 601 - J 6 Banna Conditions for Oscillation - • Two conditions: © Ahmad El 1. The phase shift around the feedback loop must be effectively 0°. 2. The voltage gain, Acl around the closed feedback loop (loop gain) must equal 1 (unity). 1448 Lec#12 , Jan, 2015 - 601 - J 7 Banna Start-Up Conditions - • For oscillation to begin, the voltage gain around the positive feedback loop must be greater than 1 so that the amplitude of the output can build up to a desired level.
    [Show full text]
  • Unit I - Feedback Amplifiers Part - a 1
    EC6401 Electronic Circuits II Department of ECE 2014-2015 UNIT I - FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS PART - A 1. Define positive and negative feedback? Ans: Positive feedback: If the feedback voltage (or current) is so applied as to increase the input voltage (i.e. it is in phase with it), then it is called positive feedback. Negative feedback: If the feedback voltage (or current) is so applied as to reduce the input voltage (i.e. it is 180out of phase with it), then it is called negative feedback. 2. What are the advantages of negative feedback? Ans: The advantages of negative feedback are higher fidelity and stabilized gain, increased bandwidth, less distortion and reduced noise and input & output impedances can be modified as desired. 3. List four basic types of feedback? Ans: (1) Voltage series feedback (2) Voltage shunt feedback (3) Current series feedback and (4) Current shunt feedback. 4. Negative feedback is preferred to other methods of modifying Amplifier characteristics. Why? Ans: Negative feedback is preferred to other methods of modifying Amplifier Characteristics because it has the following advantages of reduction in distortion, stability in gain, increased bandwidth etc. 5. State the condition in (1+A) which a feedback amplifier must satisfy in order to be stable. Ans: The two important and necessary conditions are (1) The feedback must be positive, (2) Feedback factor must be unity i.e. A = 1 6. What is meant by phase and gain margin? Ans: Phase Margin: It is defined as 1800 minus the magnitude of the Aat the frequency at which A is unity. If he phase margin is negative the system is stable otherwise unstable.
    [Show full text]
  • Variable Capacitors in RF Circuits
    Source: Secrets of RF Circuit Design 1 CHAPTER Introduction to RF electronics Radio-frequency (RF) electronics differ from other electronics because the higher frequencies make some circuit operation a little hard to understand. Stray capacitance and stray inductance afflict these circuits. Stray capacitance is the capacitance that exists between conductors of the circuit, between conductors or components and ground, or between components. Stray inductance is the normal in- ductance of the conductors that connect components, as well as internal component inductances. These stray parameters are not usually important at dc and low ac frequencies, but as the frequency increases, they become a much larger proportion of the total. In some older very high frequency (VHF) TV tuners and VHF communi- cations receiver front ends, the stray capacitances were sufficiently large to tune the circuits, so no actual discrete tuning capacitors were needed. Also, skin effect exists at RF. The term skin effect refers to the fact that ac flows only on the outside portion of the conductor, while dc flows through the entire con- ductor. As frequency increases, skin effect produces a smaller zone of conduction and a correspondingly higher value of ac resistance compared with dc resistance. Another problem with RF circuits is that the signals find it easier to radiate both from the circuit and within the circuit. Thus, coupling effects between elements of the circuit, between the circuit and its environment, and from the environment to the circuit become a lot more critical at RF. Interference and other strange effects are found at RF that are missing in dc circuits and are negligible in most low- frequency ac circuits.
    [Show full text]
  • EURO QUARTZ TECHNICAL NOTES Crystal Theory Page 1 of 8
    EURO QUARTZ TECHNICAL NOTES Crystal Theory Page 1 of 8 Introduction The Crystal Equivalent Circuit If you are an engineer mainly working with digital devices these notes In the crystal equivalent circuit above, L1, C1 and R1 are the crystal should reacquaint you with a little analogue theory. The treatment is motional parameters and C0 is the capacitance between the crystal non-mathematical, concentrating on practical aspects of circuit design. electrodes, together with capacitances due to its mounting and lead- out arrangement. The current flowing into a load at B as a result of a Various oscillator designs are illustrated that with a little constant-voltage source of variable frequency applied at A is plotted experimentation may be easily modified to suit your requirements. If below. you prefer a more ‘in-depth’ treatment of the subject, the appendix contains formulae and a list of further reading. At low frequencies, the impedance of the motional arm of the crystal is extremely high and current rises with increasing frequency due solely to Series or Parallel? the decreasing reactance of C0. A frequency fr is reached where L1 is resonant with C1, and at which the current rises dramatically, being It can often be confusing as to whether a particular circuit arrangement limited only by RL and crystal motional resistance R1 in series. At only requires a parallel or series resonant crystal. To help clarify this point, it slightly higher frequencies the motional arm exhibits an increasing net is useful to consider both the crystal equivalent circuit and the method inductive reactance, which resonates with C0 at fa, causing the current by which crystal manufacturers calibrate crystal products.
    [Show full text]
  • Oscilators Simplified
    SIMPLIFIED WITH 61 PROJECTS DELTON T. HORN SIMPLIFIED WITH 61 PROJECTS DELTON T. HORN TAB BOOKS Inc. Blue Ridge Summit. PA 172 14 FIRST EDITION FIRST PRINTING Copyright O 1987 by TAB BOOKS Inc. Printed in the United States of America Reproduction or publication of the content in any manner, without express permission of the publisher, is prohibited. No liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information herein. Library of Cangress Cataloging in Publication Data Horn, Delton T. Oscillators simplified, wtth 61 projects. Includes index. 1. Oscillators, Electric. 2, Electronic circuits. I. Title. TK7872.07H67 1987 621.381 5'33 87-13882 ISBN 0-8306-03751 ISBN 0-830628754 (pbk.) Questions regarding the content of this book should be addressed to: Reader Inquiry Branch Editorial Department TAB BOOKS Inc. P.O. Box 40 Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214 Contents Introduction vii List of Projects viii 1 Oscillators and Signal Generators 1 What Is an Oscillator? - Waveforms - Signal Generators - Relaxatton Oscillators-Feedback Oscillators-Resonance- Applications--Test Equipment 2 Sine Wave Oscillators 32 LC Parallel Resonant Tanks-The Hartfey Oscillator-The Coipltts Oscillator-The Armstrong Oscillator-The TITO Oscillator-The Crystal Oscillator 3 Other Transistor-Based Signal Generators 62 Triangle Wave Generators-Rectangle Wave Generators- Sawtooth Wave Generators-Unusual Waveform Generators 4 UJTS 81 How a UJT Works-The Basic UJT Relaxation Oscillator-Typical Design Exampl&wtooth Wave Generators-Unusual Wave- form Generator 5 Op Amp Circuits
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 Frequency Sources
    Chapter 1 Frequency Sources 4 Crystal Oscillators 5 Microwave Oscillator Stability What to consider in achieving “Best Performance” John Hazell, G8ACE This article discusses some of the con- 0' and 35° 2' would be used at ambient siderations governing the stability of a temperature. quartz oscillator source. Over the wider temperature range of Temperature dependence O°C to 60°C it might exhibit a stability Almost without exception, crystals are of 5ppm or 100kHz variation at 10GHz. marked with their operating frequency. The need to control the temperature However, operating temperature is becomes obvious and to do this the vitally important for stability and, for crystal must be held above ambient in a most crystals, this information is either Crystal Oven or Murata-style heater missing or hidden within a manufac- clip. Superior results can be obtained by turer’s code. The family of curves in the using a crystal whose angle of cut re- graph below show the turnover points sults in a turnover point matching the for AT cut Crystals. The angle of cut heater. Finally, the oscillator circuitry governs the turnover or best operating may contain components whose charac- temperature and this angle will typically teristics vary with temperature and lie between 34° 58' and 35° 13'. hence the frequency will still vary. One The ideal condition is to operate the solution here is to also temperature crystal on the flat part of its characteris- stabilise this circuitry. tic. Typically a crystal cut between 35° An ovened oscillator system, set to 6 1°C of the crystal turnover tempera- • Age the oscillator for as long as ture, would generally provide a high possible and this generally means degree of stability.
    [Show full text]
  • Contents 1 66
    CONTENTS DefinitionsOscillators Defined.and ParametersA Second Exampleof Oscillators which cannot be Classified as an Oscillator 1 .The Buzzer. Significance of Mechanical Motion. Weight and Spring System . Friction. Simple Harmonic Motion. Analogy between Certain Mechanical and Electrical Quantities. Concept of Energy Interchange. The Pendulum. Source of Restoring Force in Pendulum. Effect of Weight in Pendulum. Electrical Analogy of Pendulum Bob. The Balance Wheel. Repetitive Shock Excitation. Basic Parameters of Oscillators. Important Implications of Fourier Theorem. The D-C Component in an Oscillatory Wavetrain .Effects of Harmonics. Frequency and Phase Modulation .Resonance. Amplitude Build-up at Resonance. Performance Parameters of Oscillators. Questions and Problems 2. ComponentsParallel- Tuned andL-C Circuit.Characteristics Losses in a ofTank Oscillators Circuit. Characteristics of "Ideal" L-C 22 Resonant Circuit. Negative Power. Performance of Ideal Tank Circuit. Resonance in the Parallel- Tuned L-C Circuit. Inductance-Capacitance Relationships for Reson- ance .Practical Tank Circuits with Finite Losses. Figure of Merit, "Q" .Physical Interpretation of Ro .Phase Characteristics of Parallel- Tuned L-C Circuit. Series- Resonant Tank Circuits. Q in Series-Tank Circuits. Resonance in Series-Tuned L-C Circuit. L-C Ratio in Tank Circuits. Transmission Lines. The Delay Line . The Artificial Transmission Line. Delay-Line Stabilized Blocking Oscillator. Delay- Line Stabilized Tunnel Diode Oscillator. Distributed Parameters from "Lumped" L-C Circuit. Resonance in Transmission Lines. Concept of Field Propagation in Waveguides. Comparison of Lines and Guides. Resonant Cavities. Piezoelectric Property in Quartz Crystals. The Two Resonances in Quartz Crystals. The Relatively Small Tuning Effect of Holder Capacitance. Conditions for Optimum Stability . Magnetostrictive Element. Need for Bias.
    [Show full text]
  • Installation and Maintenance Book
    n~ n mmn n m TT nm kLkL 1 KUN lC3 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE BOOK ELECTRONIQ-7 CIRCUITS &- DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY NAVAL SHIP ENGINEERING CENTER PUBLISHED: APRIL 1965 CHANGE 2 : SEPTEMBER 1968 (0967-000-0122) BOX SCORE ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS HANDBOOK NAVSHIPS 0967.W0.0120 EDITION PUBLICATION STOCK DATE NUMBER Basic April 1965 0967-000-0120 Change 1 December 1966 0967-000-012 1 Change 2 September 1968 0967-000-0122 CHANGE 2 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS NAYSHIPS 0967~000.0120 EFFECTIVE PAGES LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES Title Page Change 2 SrcLion 9 ii thru xvi Change 2 9-A-1 thru 9-A-9 Original A and B Change 2 9-A-10 thru 9-A-21 Change 1 9-B-1 and 9-8-2 Original 9-B-3 thru 9-8-7 Change 1 Section 10 10-A-1 and 10-A-2 Orieinal 2-1 thru 2-13 Original 16-A-3 cicu i"-~-ii 1 ln-8-1 rhni 10-8-4 Original Section 3 10-B-5 thru 10-8-7 Change 1 3-1 tbru 3-37 Uriginal Seiiiuii 11 ,, " 7 Section 4 LA-'.L and :I-.-? 2rigiir.nl 4-8-1 thru 4-A-43 Original 11-A-3 and 11-A-4 OriginalIChange 1 4-6-1 tlrru 4-B-35 Original 11-A-5 and 11-A-6 Change llChange 2 4-C-1 thru 4-C-22 Original 11-A-7 thru 11-A-37 Change 2 4-0-1 thru 4-9-19 Original 11-B-1 and 11-8-2 Originallchange 2 11-B-3 thru 11-B-12 Change 2 Section 5 5-A-1 thru 5-A-8 Original 5-A-9 thru 5-A-34 change I 5-B-1 thru 5-B-4 Original 5-C-1 thru 5-C-4 Original .....
    [Show full text]
  • VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203
    VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK SUBJECT : EC6401 – ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS-II SEM / YEAR: IV / II year B.E. UNIT I FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS General Feedback Structure – Properties of negative feedback – Basic Feedback Topologies – Feedback amplifiers – Series – Shunt, Series – Series, Shunt – Shunt and Shunt – Series Feedback – Determining the Loop Gain – Stability Problem – Nyquist Plot – Effect of feedback on amplifier poles – Frequency Compensation. PART A Q. No BT Level Domain Questions 1. Define positive and negative feedback. BTL 1 Remembering 2. List out the three networks that are connected around the basic BTL 1 Remembering amplifier to implement feedback concept. 3. Write about sensitivity and de-sensitivity of gain in feedback BTL 1 Remembering amplifiers. 4. Examine the gain with feedback for the amplifier with open loop BTL 1 Remembering gain of 300 and feedback factor of 0.1. 5. Tabulate the input and output resistances of a negative feedback BTL 1 Remembering amplifier. 6. Identify the type of feedback in the circuit. BTL 1 Remembering 7. Predict the loop gain or return ratio of feedback amplifier. BTL 2 Understanding [EC6401 – EC II/Question Bank/2015‐2016 EVEN SEM/D.Murugesan, S.Marirajan, A.G.Murali Krishna] 8. BTL 2 Understanding Discuss the advantages of negative feedback in amplifiers. 9. Give the reason for negative feedback which increases BTL 2 Understanding bandwidth. 10. Describe the effect of gain in amplifier when voltage shunt & BTL 2 Understanding series feedback is employed. 11. Discover the impact of negative feedback on noise and distortion BTL 3 Applying in amplifier circuits.
    [Show full text]
  • Electronic Circuits Ii – Seca1401
    SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMMUNICATION ENGINEERING UNIT - I ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS II – SECA1401 1 1. FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER INTRODUCTION An ideal amplifier will provide a stable output which is in an amplified version of the input signal. But the gain and stability of practical amplifiers is not very good because of device parameter variation or due to changes in ambient temperature and nonlinearity of the device. This problem can be avoided by the technique of feedback wherein a portion of the output signal is feedback to the input and combined with the input signal to produce the desired output. The feedback can be either negative (degenerative) or positive (regenerative).In negative feedback a portion of the output signal is subtracted from the input signal and in positive feedback a portion of the output signal is added to the input signal to produce desired output. Negative feedback plays a very important role in almost all the amplifier stabilization of biasing circuits, it causes the location of the quiescent point to become stable. Thus it maintain a constant value of amplifier gain against temperature variation, supply voltage etc. The feedback may be classified into two types. Types of feedback (i) Positive feedback. When the feedback energy (voltage or current) is in phase with the input signal and thus aids it, it is called positive feedback. This is illustrated in Fig. 1.1. Both amplifier and feedback network introduce a phase shift of 180°. The result is a 360° phase shift around the loop, causing the feedback voltage Vf to be in phase with the input signal Vin.
    [Show full text]