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Safety in Road Traffic for Vulnerable Users

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Safety in Road Traffic for Vulnerable Users Safety in Road Traffic for Vulnerable Users Third Road Safety Week in the UN/ECE Region EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS TRANSPORT OECD, 2000. Software: 1987-1996, Acrobat is a trademark of ADOBE. All rights reserved. OECD grants you the right to use one copy of this Program for your personal use only. Unauthorised reproduction, lending, hiring, transmission or distribution of any data or software is prohibited. You must treat the Program and associated materials and any elements thereof like any other copyrighted material. All requests should be made to: Head of Publications Service, OECD Publications Service, 2, rue Andr´e-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France. 752000031FT 23/03/00 16:34 Page 1 EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS OF TRANSPORT Safety in Road Traffic for Vulnerable Users Third Road Safety Week in the UN/ECE Region Cover_a.fm Page 1 Monday, March 20, 2000 4:18 PM EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS OF TRANSPORT (ECMT) The European Conference of Ministers of Transport (ECMT) is an inter-governmental organisation established by a Protocol signed in Brussels on 17 October 1953. It is a forum in which Ministers responsible for transport, and more specifically the inland transport sector, can co-operate on policy. Within this forum, Ministers can openly discuss current problems and agree upon joint approaches aimed at improving the utilisation and at ensuring the rational development of European transport systems of international importance. At present, the ECMT’s role primarily consists of: – helping to create an integrated transport system throughout the enlarged Europe that is economically and technically efficient, meets the highest possible safety and environmental standards and takes full account of the social dimension; – helping also to build a bridge between the European Union and the rest of the continent at a political level. The Council of the Conference comprises the Ministers of Transport of 39 full Member countries: Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, FYR Macedonia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, the Russian Federation, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine and the United Kingdom. There are five Associate member countries (Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand and the United States) and three Observer countries (Armenia, Liechtenstein and Morocco). A Committee of Deputies, composed of senior civil servants representing Ministers, prepares proposals for consideration by the Council of Ministers. The Committee is assisted by working groups, each of which has a specific mandate. The issues currently being studied – on which policy decisions by Ministers will be required – include the development and implementation of a pan-European transport policy; the integration of Central and Eastern European Countries into the European transport market; specific issues relating to transport by rail, road and waterway; combined transport; transport and the environment; the social costs of transport; trends in international transport and infrastructure needs; transport for people with mobility handicaps; road safety; traffic management; road traffic information and new communications technologies. Statistical analyses of trends in traffic and investment are published regularly by the ECMT and provide a clear indication of the situation, on a trimestrial or annual basis, in the transport sector in different European countries. As part of its research activities, the ECMT holds regular Symposia, Seminars and Round Tables on transport economics issues. Their conclusions are considered by the competent organs of the Conference under the authority of the Committee of Deputies and serve as a basis for formulating proposals for policy decisions to be submitted to Ministers. The ECMT’s Documentation Service has extensive information available concerning the transport sector. This information is accessible on the ECMT Internet site. For administrative purposes the ECMT’s Secretariat is attached to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Publié en français sous le titre : CIRCULATION ROUTIÈRE : LA SÉCURITÉ DES USAGERS VULNÉRABLES Further information about the ECMT is available on Internet at the following address: http://www.oecd.org/cem/ © ECMT 2000 – ECMT Publications are distributed by: OECD Publications Service, 2, rue André-Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France. FOREWORD This publication which has come out in 2000 is the result of work carried out in 1996, 1997 and 1998 by the ECMT Group on Road Safety on safety problems concerning vulnerable road users. To preserve data coherence, 1995 has been retained as the study year. This choice may seem odd from the perspective of the year 2000; however, the derived trends without doubt reliable. All users should benefit from an efficient and coherent transport system. Bearing this in mind the European Conference Transport Ministers have expressed the firm wish that the specific needs of the most vulnerable users be taken into account. These users include pedestrians and users of two- wheeled vehicles, whether motorised or not. Based on the latest data on the accidents in which they are involved, the survey drew updated and refined conclusions relating to the safety of these users. On the occasion of the 3rd International Road Safety week of the ECE-UN, ECMT has gathered together reports and resolutions adopted over the last three years as a contribution to the principle : « Partnership on the road increases safety ». 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF THE TRIPTYCH ........................................................................................................ 7 CHAPTER I: CYCLISTS.................................................................................................................... 13 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 15 2. Present situation: Statistics........................................................................................................... 16 3. The Vehicle .................................................................................................................................. 20 4. Traffic and Infrastructure ............................................................................................................. 25 5. Road Users ................................................................................................................................... 29 CHAPTER II: PEDESTRIANS .......................................................................................................... 35 1. Introduction - Synthesis................................................................................................................ 37 2. Present Situation........................................................................................................................... 37 3. Pedestrian Safety .......................................................................................................................... 45 CHAPTER III: MOPED RIDERS AND MOTORCYCLISTS........................................................... 57 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 59 2. Present Situation........................................................................................................................... 59 3. The Vehicles................................................................................................................................. 65 4. Infrastructure ................................................................................................................................ 67 5. Road Users ................................................................................................................................... 69 Recommendation on Cyclists............................................................................................................... 75 Recommendation on Pedestrians.......................................................................................................... 77 Recommendation on Moped Riders and Motorcyclists........................................................................ 80 ANNEXES ........................................................................................................................................... 83 5 SUMMARY OF THE TRIPTYCH 7 The Ministers of Transport of the ECMT, meeting in Berlin in 1997, issued a declaration [ECMT/CM(97)8] stating: − that the development of an efficient and coherent pan-European transport system should be of benefit to all users; − that they consider it as their obligation in this connection to attach special attention to groups of transport users who risk being overlooked in transport policy. These users include: − pedestrians: all transport users are pedestrians as each trip starts and ends on foot. In built- up areas walking is a highly developed mode of transport. For elderly people and children, walking is, in many cases, the only option. Encouraging and supporting walking through safe and secure provisions is an important objective. − users of two-wheeled vehicles whether motorised or not (bicycles, mopeds, motorcycles);
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