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John Peabody Harrington in the Smithsonian Institution 1907-1957

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John Peabody Harrington in the Smithsonian Institution 1907-1957 THE PAPERS OF John Peabody Harrington IN THE Smithsonian Institution 1907-1957 VOLUME ONE A GUIDE TO THE FIELD NOTES: NATIVE AMERICAN HISTORY; LANGUAGE, AND CULTURE OF ALASKA / NORTHWEST COAST ED/TED BY Elaine L. Mills L PUBLICATI f THE PAPERS OF John Peabody Ham"ngton IN THE Smithsonian Institution 1907-1957 VOLUME ONE A GUIDE TO THE FIELD NOTES: Native American History, Language and Culture of Alaska / Northwest Coast Prepared in the National Anthropological Archives Department of Anthropology National Museum of Natural History Washington, D. C. THE PAPERS OF John Peabody HamOngton IN THE Smithsonian Institution 1907-1957 VOLUME ONE A GUIDE TO THE FIELD NOTES: Native American History, Language and Culture of Alaska / Northwest Coast EDITED BY Elaine L. Mills KRAUS INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS A Division of Kraus-Thomson Organization Limited Millwood, N.Y. ©Copyright The Smithsonian Institution 1981 All rights reserved. Contents No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means-graphic, electronic, INTRODUCTION I / vii or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or taping, information storage and Scope and Content of this Publication [ I vii retrieval systems-without written permission History of the Papers and the Microfilm Edition [ I viii of the publisher. Editorial Procedures [Ix Acknowledgements [ I xiii First Printing Printed in the United States of America NOTES TO RESEARCHERS I / xvii Using the Guide [ I xvii Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Using the Microfilm [ I xviii Note on Terminology [ I xix Harrington, John Peabody. The papers ofJohn Peabody Harrington in the Smithsonian Institution, 1907-1957. Bibliography: v. 1, p. MAPS I / xxi Contents: v. 1. A guide to the field notes: Native American history, language, and culture of Tribal Territories in Alaska I Northwest Coast [ I xxii Alaska/Northwest Coast. Sites of Fieldwork in Alaska [ I xxiii 1. Indians-Collected works. 2. Indians­ Sites of Fieldwork in Canada [ I xxiv Languages-Collected works. 3. Indians-History­ Collected works. 1. Mills, Elaine L. II. Title. Sites of Fieldwork in Washington [I xxv E54.H37 1981 970.004'97 81-7290 Sites of Fieldwork in Oregon [ I xxvi ISBN 0-527-84243-5 (v. 1) AACR2 I / vi John Peabody Harrington PHOTOGRAPHS I / xxvii Harrington with Father Baranoff I / xxviii St. Paul Island, Alaska I / xxix I van A. Yatchmeneff I / xxx Alexandra Gromoff I / xxx Harrington in Alaska I / xxxi George Johnson I / xxxi Scene Near Yakutat, Alaska I / xxxii Lizzie Johnson I / xxxii Map of Athapascan Languages I / xxxiii SERIES DESCRIPTIONS and REEL CONTENTS I / 1 Introdu£tion Aleut 1/1 Tlingit / Eyak 1/8 SCOPE AND CONTENT Northern Athapascan 1/14 OF THIS PUBLICATION Nicola / Thompson //21 "A Guide to the Field Notes: Native American History, Language, Lummi / Nespelem 1/25 and Culture of Alaska / Northwest Coast," is the first volume of a Duwamish 1/27 ten-volume official inventory for the microfilm edition of The Papers of Quinault / Chehalis / Cowlitz / Yakima / 1/30 John Peabody Harrington in the Smithsonian Institution, 1907-1957. This inventory supersedes any other published or unpublished finding aids Chinook / Chinook Jargon describing the collection. Subsequent volumes ofthis inventory will be Chinook Jargon 1/36 issued as each section of the microfilm edition becomes available, and ((Kwalhioqua- Tlatskanai" 1/47 will cover Harrington's field notes on Native American history, 1/54 Tillamook language, and culture for Northern and Central California, Southern Alsea / Siuslaw / Coos 1/58 California / Basin, the Southwest, the Plains, Northeast / Southeast, Southwest Oregon Athapascan 1/69 and Mexico / Central America / South America. There will also be a Galice / Applegate 1/76 volume on Harrington's notes and writings on special linguistic Takelma 1/78 studies, his correspondence and financial records, and a volume on General and Miscellaneous Materials 1/80 photographs. In addition, these volumes will be issued in a cumulated hardbound volume at the completion of the project. The materials described herein represent the results ofJohn APPENDIX I / 85 P. Harrington's work on the native languages and cultures of Alaska, Western Canada, Washington, and Oregon which was undertaken Abbreviations and Special Uses of Terms 1/85 just prior to and during his employment as ethnologist (1915-1954) by I / vii ----~~ I / viii John Peabody Harrington Alaska / Northwest Coast I / ix the Bureau of American Ethnology. The documents focus primarily at the University of California, Berkeley, under the charge of on linguistic data, although they also include significant amounts of Professor Mary R. Haas. After extensive use there by professors and ethnographic and historical information. several generations of graduate students in linguistics, cultural Only original documents created by Ha:r:rington, his co­ anthropology, and archeology, they were shipped to the Smithsonian workers and field assistants, or field notes given to him by others are during the period from 1976 to 1979. contained in this publication. Related materials collected by Harring­ Work on organizing the Harrington Papers began almost as ton such as printed matter, journals, and books are not included. soon as the first boxes of documents arrived at the archives. Early in Photostats, microfilm, and typed and handwritten copies of publica­ 1962, Catherine A. Callaghan, then a graduate student at U.C., tions and manuscripts which lack his annotations have likewise been Berkeley, was hired on a temporary appointment to tackle the monu­ omitted. mental task of preparing a box list for several tons of notes. She spent Small blocks of Harrington's papers can be found in reposi­ several months identifying as many bundles as possible by tribe or tories outside the Smithsonian Institution-notably at the Southwest language, at least down to the family level. Museum and the Bancroft Library, University of California, Berke­ Refinement of this initial sorting was continued by the then ley-and a few items may subsequently come to light. To date, no current archivist Margaret C. Blaker and later, in the early 1970s, by new field notes for "Alaska / Northwest Coast" have been located. a member of her staff, Jane M. Walsh. Throughout this period the The microfilm edition is, therefore, to the best of our knowledge a papers were available to researchers, some of whom were able to complete collection of Harrington's work on that area. make suggestions for improving the identification of small portions of the collection. A new energy was infused into the work on the papers after HISTORY OF THE PAPERS the arrival in 1972 of National Anthropological Archives Director AND THE MICROFILM EDITION Herman J. Viola. He not only encouraged the application of modern The original documents comprising The Papers ofJohn Peabody Har­ archival methods to avoid the more piecemeal efforts of the past, but rington are housed in the Smithsonian Institution's National An­ also actively sought ways to improve the accessibility ofthe material to thropological Archives (N.A.A.) where they were brought together a steadily growing number of researchers. Encouraged by the interest after Harrington's death in 1961. Some of the papers were already lo­ ofa number of microfilm companies in publishing the papers on flim, cated on the Smithsonian premises in the archives of the Bureau of he decided in 1975 to submit a proposal for funding such a project to American Ethnology, having been deposited by him as individual the National Historical Publications and Records Commission manuscripts while in the bureau's employ. Others were located at (N.H.P.R.C.). various warehouses in the Washington, D.C. area and elsewhere. A major consultant in developing the documentation for this The great bulk of the papers was sorted in a number of stor­ proposal was Geoffrey L. Gamble, then a Smithsonian Fellow doing age locations in California by his daughter Awona Harrington and research on Harrington's Yokuts field data. During his year at the sent to Washington, D.C. over a period ofseveral years. Although the archives, he began integrating the Berkeley-based material with the linguist-ethnologist had expressed the wish that his field notes be material in Washington and compiled the first systematic inventory of given to some institution in California, Miss Harrington recognized the entire collection. Through correspondence and attendance at that the approximately one million pages were actually government meetings he helped to marshall support for the archives' project property as they had been created while her father was a federal em­ among members of the anthropological profession. ployee. A sizeable portion of these California-based papers was In December 1976 the Smithsonian Institution received a actually loaned on a long-term basis to the Department of Linguistics grant from the N .H.P.R.C. for the first year of an envisioned five­ r" I/x John Peabody Harrington Alaska / Northwest Coast I / xi year venture, and work on the "Harrington Microfilm Project" offi­ found in the middle or at the bottom of a stack of loose, unnumbered cially began. Herman J. Viola was the project director. Elaine L. sheets and slips. The contents of folders and envelopes might not Mills, an archives staff member who had already done considerable match the outside labels if the containers had been reused. work on Harrington's photographs, was chosen as editor. N .A.A. The fact that Harrington, for many reasons, was a poor archivist James R. Glenn and Smithsonian linguist Ives Goddard documentor of his own work posed yet another challenge to the effort agreed to act as consultants to the project. to identify, arrange, and describe the field data. His notes often furnished little internal evidence for easily determining either the language, tribe, or identity of the informants involved, or the EDITORIAL PROCEDURES circumstances under which the work was done.
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