European Parliament 2019-2024

Committee on Transport and Tourism

2020/2091(INI)

18.1.2021

AMENDMENTS 1 - 83

Draft opinion Carlo Fidanza (PE659.025v01-00)

Implementation of the Ambient Air Quality Directives: Directive 2004/107/EC and Directive 2008/50/EC (2020/2091(INI))

AM\1222480EN.docx PE663.275v01-00

EN United in diversityEN AM_Com_NonLegOpinion

PE663.275v01-00 2/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Amendment 1 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph -1 (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

-1. Stresses that air pollution is one of the main causes of premature deaths, with the EEA having estimated a number of over 400,000 annual deaths at EU level, which is around ten times more than car accident-related deaths, and amounts to nearly 5 million of Years of Life Lost;

Or. en

Amendment 2 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph -1 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

-1 a. Points to scientific evidence of the negative impact of road transport emissions for respiratory diseases and other major health problems; highlights recent judicial decisions establishing direct causality between long-term road traffic exposure and respiratory diseases eventually causing death, as well as on air pollution effects of worsening health conditions in the home country as a reason to halt deportation;

Or. en

Amendment 3 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph -1 b (new)

AM\1222480EN.docx 3/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Draft opinion Amendment

-1 b. Recalls that according to the 2018 Air quality report by the EEA, more than 50% of the population were exposed to most of the main pollutants;

Or. en

Amendment 4 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph -1 c (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

-1 c. Underlines that long-term exposure to high levels of air pollutants makes the population more vulnerable to the effects of COVID-19 and similar viruses, due to weakened respiratory and immune systems;

Or. en

Amendment 5 Vlad Gheorghe, Dominique Riquet, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Elsi Katainen, Caroline Nagtegaal

Draft opinion Paragraph 1

Draft opinion Amendment

1. Points out that, while transport- 1. Points out that, while transport- related emissions of most pollutants have related emissions of most pollutants have fallen substantially in recent decades, fallen substantially in recent decades, persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where levels of air pollution are too high – levels of air pollution are too high – especially in urban areas; especially in urban areas, due to congestion, increased use of private vehicles, insufficient emission control measures, reduced green space and other factors; underlines that excessive levels of

PE663.275v01-00 4/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN transport-related air pollution particularly represent a risk for the health of citizens living in urban areas and near transport hubs;

Or. en

Amendment 6 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 1

Draft opinion Amendment

1. Points out that, while transport- 1. Points out that, while transport- related emissions of most pollutants have related emissions of most pollutants have fallen substantially in recent decades, fallen substantially in recent decades, persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where levels of air pollution are too high – levels of air pollution are too high – especially in urban areas; especially in urban areas, where still more than one-in-six of its inhabitants are exposed to air pollution concentrations above EU air quality standards; is particularly concerned that in 2016 at least three quarters of the EU urban population were exposed to concentration of particulate matter exceeding the WHO guidelines;

Or. en

Amendment 7 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Isabel García Muñoz, Josianne Cutajar, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 1

Draft opinion Amendment

1. Points out that, while transport- 1. Points out that, while transport- related emissions of most pollutants have related emissions of most pollutants have fallen substantially in recent decades, fallen substantially in recent decades, persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where levels of air pollution are too high – levels of air pollution are too high –

AM\1222480EN.docx 5/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN especially in urban areas; especially in urban areas; highlights that more than one-in-six inhabitants of urban areas in the EU are exposed to air pollution concentrations above EU air quality standards;

Or. en

Amendment 8 Leila Chaibi

Draft opinion Paragraph 1

Draft opinion Amendment

1. Points out that, while transport- 1. Points out that, while transport- related emissions of most pollutants have related emissions of most pollutants have fallen substantially in recent decades, fallen substantially in recent decades, persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where levels of air pollution are too high – levels of air pollution are too high – especially in urban areas; especially in urban areas; recalls that air pollution is still the main environmental cause of disease with an estimated 450.000 persons dying prematurely each year as a result of exposure to air pollution ;

Or. en

Amendment 9 Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska

Draft opinion Paragraph 1

Draft opinion Amendment

1. Points out that, while transport- 1. Points out that, while transport- related emissions of most pollutants have related emissions of most pollutants have fallen substantially in recent decades, fallen substantially in recent decades, persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where persistent hotspots remain in the EU, where levels of air pollution are too high – levels of air pollution are too high – especially in urban areas; especially in urban areas, highly congested and industrialized areas;

PE663.275v01-00 6/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Or. en

Amendment 10 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Isabel García Muñoz, Josianne Cutajar, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

1 a. Reminds that, according to the WHO, air pollution poses the biggest environmental risk to human health. It increases the incidence of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases as well as the risk of heart attacks, cancer, diabetes, obesity and dementia;

Or. en

Amendment 11 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

1 a. Recalls the huge discrepancies in how and where ambient air pollution is measured and monitored in the EU; considers this to be a serious problem and calls for uniform criteria in how air pollution is measured and where sampling stations are installed;

Or. en

Amendment 12 Sara Cerdas

Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new)

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1a. Welcomes the creation of the Commission's zero-pollution strategy and points to the need for clear objectives to bring about genuine change, accompanied by specific targets for the different Member States and regions;

Or. pt

Amendment 13 Leila Chaibi

Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

1 a. Recalls that road transport remains the largest source of nitrogen oxide emissions and the second source of particle emissions in the Union; stresses that tyres and brake-wear emissions also need to be tackled;

Or. en

Amendment 14 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Isabel García Muñoz, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

1 b. Expresses concern that some EU air quality standards are not fully aligned with well-established health recommendations; encourages the Commission to update reference values for ultrafine particles, methane and black carbon in line with forthcoming WHO recommendations;

PE663.275v01-00 8/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Or. en

Amendment 15 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Isabel García Muñoz, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 1 c (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

1 c. Welcomes the Zero Pollution Ambition from the Commission and stresses the need for a timeline and binding objectives to drive actual change;

Or. en

Amendment 16 Vlad Gheorghe, Dominique Riquet, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Caroline Nagtegaal, Jan- Christoph Oetjen

Draft opinion Paragraph 2

Draft opinion Amendment

2. Believes that in order to improve 2. Believes that in order to improve the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital the air quality, it is vital to move towards a to move towards a more sustainable and more sustainable and less polluting less polluting transport system, especially transport system and mobility in urban areas, while using all available infrastructure design, especially in urban means in the most effective way and taking areas and rural areas with lacking or into account the most recent scientific underdeveloped public transport evidence; infrastructure, while using all available means in the most effective way and taking into account the most recent scientific evidence; calls on the Commission to assist Member States in carrying out regular transport infrastructure quality checks to identify the areas in need of decongestion and infrastructure optimisation, and take appropriate measures in these areas i.a. with the use of EU funding possibilities;

AM\1222480EN.docx 9/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Or. en

Amendment 17 Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska

Draft opinion Paragraph 2

Draft opinion Amendment

2. Believes that in order to improve 2. Believes that in order to improve the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital to move towards a more sustainable and to move towards a more sustainable and less polluting transport system, especially less polluting transport system, especially in urban areas, while using all available in urban areas, while using all available means in the most effective way and taking means in the most effective way, including into account the most recent scientific the combination of ride-sharing and evidence; public transportation system, and taking into account the most recent scientific research of advantages of mobility-as-a- service approach;

Or. en

Amendment 18 Carlo Fidanza

Draft opinion Paragraph 2

Draft opinion Amendment

2. Believes that in order to improve 2. Believes that in order to improve the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital to move towards a more sustainable and to move towards a more sustainable and less polluting transport system, especially less polluting transport system, especially in urban areas, while using all available in urban areas, encouraging technological means in the most effective way and taking innovation in the development of physical into account the most recent scientific and non-physical infrastructures, using all evidence; available means in the most effective way and taking into account the most recent scientific evidence;

Or. it

PE663.275v01-00 10/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Amendment 19 Leila Chaibi

Draft opinion Paragraph 2

Draft opinion Amendment

2. Believes that in order to improve 2. Believes that in order to improve the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital to move towards a more sustainable and to move towards a more sustainable and less polluting transport system, especially less polluting transport system, especially in urban areas, while using all available in urban areas, based on active mobility means in the most effective way and and public transport; taking into account the most recent scientific evidence;

Or. en

Amendment 20 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 2

Draft opinion Amendment

2. Believes that in order to improve 2. Believes that in order to improve the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital to move towards a more sustainable and to move towards a sustainable and zero- less polluting transport system, especially emission transport system, especially in in urban areas, while using all available urban areas, while using all available means in the most effective way and taking means in the most effective way and taking into account the most recent scientific into account the most recent scientific evidence; evidence;

Or. en

Amendment 21 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Isabel García Muñoz, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 2

AM\1222480EN.docx 11/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Draft opinion Amendment

2. Believes that in order to improve 2. Believes that in order to improve the air quality in these hotspots, it is vital the air quality in hotspots, it is vital to to move towards a more sustainable and move towards a more sustainable and less less polluting transport system, especially polluting transport system, especially in in urban areas, while using all available urban areas, while using all available means in the most effective way and taking means in the most effective way and taking into account the most recent scientific into account the most recent scientific evidence; evidence;

Or. en

Amendment 22 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Kathleen Van Brempt

Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

2 a. Stresses that the most effective way to reduce air pollution from road transport is to move away from fossil fuel vehicles and accelerate e-mobility; calls for a full phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles in the EU by 2030;

Or. en

Amendment 23 Leila Chaibi

Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

2 a. Points out that current clean air legislations are based on outdated health science and need to be reviewed; calls on the Union to align its standards to the one of the World Health Organisation (WHO);

Or. en

PE663.275v01-00 12/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Amendment 24 Georg Mayer, Roman Haider

Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

2a. Stresses, in this context, that the focus must not be on banning private transport and that the needs of all road users must be taken into account;

Or. de

Amendment 25 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

2 a. Underlines that petrol and particularly diesel cars have the greatest detrimental impact on air quality, especially in urban areas;

Or. en

Amendment 26 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

2 b. Calls for the adoption of an end date for the sale of new petrol and diesel cars, for instance within the upcoming revision of the Regulation setting emission performance standards for new passenger cars and for new light commercial vehicles1a; stresses that this

AM\1222480EN.docx 13/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN end date for internal combustion engines should take effect no later than 2030; ______1a Regulation (EU) 2019/631 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 setting CO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars and for new light commercial vehicles, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 443/2009 and (EU) No 510/2011

Or. en

Amendment 27 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Kathleen Van Brempt

Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

2 b. Stresses the need to revise the CO2 Emission Performance Standards for cars and vans to significantly accelerate the uptake of electro-mobility; highlights that this review could be used to introduce a full phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles in 2030;

Or. en

Amendment 28 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Kathleen Van Brempt

Draft opinion Paragraph 2 c (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

2 c. Calls on the Commission to use the upcoming post-Euro 6/VI emission standards for cars, vans, lorries and buses to significantly increase the air pollution standards for all vehicles and define a path to zero-pollution mobility;

PE663.275v01-00 14/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Or. en

Amendment 29 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Isabel García Muñoz, Josianne Cutajar, Kathleen Van Brempt

Draft opinion Paragraph 2 d (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

2 d. Points out that the evolution of Euro standards and use of particulate filters remain insufficient to reduce urban population's exposure to air pollutants; highlights the need to reduce fossil based traffic in inner city areas by furthering zero and low emission zones, introducing vehicle charging schemes, and encouraging a shift to public and active forms of transport by investing in infrastructure;

Or. en

Amendment 30 Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska

Draft opinion Paragraph 3

Draft opinion Amendment

3. Encourages local and regional 3. Encourages local and regional authorities to devise and implement authorities to devise and implement evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated planning of policies, incentives and planning of policies, incentives and subsidies that target the various transport subsidies that target the various transport sectors and modes, such as measures to sectors and modes, such as measures to encourage the roll-out of e-charging and encourage the roll-out of e-charging and other alternative fuels, investment in other alternative fuels, investment in sustainable public transport, infrastructure sustainable public transport, infrastructure for active, shared and zero emission for active, shared and zero emission transport modes and demand-related transport modes and demand-related measures; measures, metro system, bicycle routes

AM\1222480EN.docx 15/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN and technologies relating to clean transport modes, e.g. e-scooters or electric bicycles; encourages an approach based on a shift from private car ownership towards more sustainable Mobility as a Service approach;

Or. en

Amendment 31 Vlad Gheorghe, Dominique Riquet, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Jan-Christoph Oetjen, Elsi Katainen, Caroline Nagtegaal

Draft opinion Paragraph 3

Draft opinion Amendment

3. Encourages local and regional 3. Encourages Member States to authorities to devise and implement involve actively the local and regional evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban authorities to devise and implement mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban planning of policies, incentives and mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated subsidies that target the various transport planning of policies, incentives and sectors and modes, such as measures to subsidies that target the various transport encourage the roll-out of e-charging and sectors and modes, such as measures to other alternative fuels, investment in encourage the roll-out of e-charging and sustainable public transport, infrastructure other alternative fuels, investment in for active, shared and zero emission sustainable and accessible public transport, transport modes and demand-related infrastructure for active, shared and zero measures; emission transport modes and demand- related measures, as well as raising public awareness measures and communication activities of the EU’s role in tackling air pollution;

Or. en

Amendment 32 Carlo Fidanza

Draft opinion Paragraph 3

Draft opinion Amendment

PE663.275v01-00 16/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN 3. Encourages local and regional 3. Encourages local and regional authorities to devise and implement authorities to devise and implement evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated planning of policies, incentives and planning of policies, incentives and subsidies that target the various transport subsidies that target the various transport sectors and modes, such as measures to sectors and modes, such as measures to encourage the roll-out of e-charging and replace the vehicle fleet, encourage the other alternative fuels, investment in roll-out of e-charging and other alternative sustainable public transport, infrastructure fuels or propulsion systems - such as for active, shared and zero emission liquefied natural gas (LNG), lithium ion transport modes and demand-related batteries, hydrogen, fuel cells and power measures; from the grid - in sustainable public transport, infrastructure for active, shared and zero emission transport modes and demand-related measures;

Or. it

Amendment 33 Leila Chaibi

Draft opinion Paragraph 3

Draft opinion Amendment

3. Encourages local and regional 3. Encourages local and regional authorities to devise and implement authorities to devise and implement, evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban strategic sustainable urban mobility plans, mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated aiming at a coordinated planning of planning of policies, incentives and policies, incentives and subsidies that subsidies that target the various transport target the various transport sectors and sectors and modes, such as measures to modes, low emission zones, investment in encourage the roll-out of e-charging and sustainable public transport, infrastructure other alternative fuels, investment in for active, shared and zero emission sustainable public transport, infrastructure transport modes and demand-related for active, shared and zero emission measures taking into account their social transport modes and demand-related impacts; believes that, in parallel, the measures; Union should set an EU-wide objective for the phasing-out of fossil fuel vehicles;

Or. en

Amendment 34 Pär Holmgren

AM\1222480EN.docx 17/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Draft opinion Paragraph 3

Draft opinion Amendment

3. Encourages local and regional 3. Encourages local and regional authorities to devise and implement authorities to devise and implement evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated planning of policies, incentives and planning of policies, incentives and subsidies that target the various transport subsidies that target the various sectors and modes, such as measures to sustainable transport sectors and modes, encourage the roll-out of e-charging and such as measures to encourage the roll-out other alternative fuels, investment in of e-charging and other fully additional sustainable public transport, infrastructure renewable energy-based alternative fuels, for active, shared and zero emission measures that encourage public transport transport modes and demand-related use and discourage car commuting, measures; increased investment in sustainable public transport, infrastructure for active, shared and zero emission transport modes and demand-related measures;

Or. en

Amendment 35 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Isabel García Muñoz, Josianne Cutajar, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 3

Draft opinion Amendment

3. Encourages local and regional 3. Encourages local and regional authorities to devise and implement authorities to devise and implement evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban evidence-based, strategic sustainable urban mobility plans, aiming at a coordinated mobility plans respecting the "do-no- planning of policies, incentives and harm"-principle, aiming at a coordinated subsidies that target the various transport planning of policies, incentives and sectors and modes, such as measures to subsidies that target the various transport encourage the roll-out of e-charging and sectors and modes, such as measures to other alternative fuels, investment in encourage the roll-out of e-charging and sustainable public transport, infrastructure other alternative fuels, investment in for active, shared and zero emission sustainable public transport, infrastructure transport modes and demand-related for active, shared and zero emission measures; transport modes and demand-related measures;

PE663.275v01-00 18/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Or. en

Amendment 36 Sara Cerdas

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3a. Points to the need to take account of structural constraints possibly affecting the introduction of alternative transport modes in outermost regions and islands; calls for an action plan to be envisaged by the Commission and the governments of the outermost regions with the aim of providing incentives and specific funding for transport in these regions;

Or. pt

Amendment 37 Gheorghe Falcă, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Benoît Lutgen, Massimiliano Salini, Barbara Thaler

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 a. Highlights the importance of sufficient expertise and resources available at local and regional levels for the drafting of air quality plans and elaborating the choice, implementation and evaluation of measures to improve air quality; underlines in this respect the need to raise awareness for available funding, technical resources and flexible pathways adjustable to local and regional realities;

Or. en

AM\1222480EN.docx 19/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Amendment 38 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 a. Points out that the Commission’s recent Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy advocates for increasing the modal shares of collective transport, walking and cycling, as well as automated, connected and multimodal mobility, in order to significantly lower pollution and congestion from transport, especially in cities, and improve the health and well-being of citizens;

Or. en

Amendment 39 Roman Haider, Georg Mayer

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3a. Points out in this connection that public transport services, especially in rural areas, are frequently unsatisfactory, irregular and expensive;

Or. de

Amendment 40 Gheorghe Falcă, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Benoît Lutgen, Massimiliano Salini, Barbara Thaler

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 b. Points out the importance of EU

PE663.275v01-00 20/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN funding and knowledge of the correct procedures and eligibility criteria; considers the process of acquiring funding for clean air projects from EU funds overly difficult; points out that in the operational programmes for the large funding mechanisms (e.g. ERDF and Cohesion Funds), air quality tends to be considered mostly as an integrated measure within other priority areas (e.g. energy, waste, nature) rather than being targeted on its own and solely through priorities for air quality improvement and the attainment of air quality compliance;

Or. en

Amendment 41 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 b. Calls specifically for due investment in an extensive cycling infrastructure, particularly in urban areas, in order to ensure the safety of all vulnerable road users and increase its attractiveness as an efficient and healthy commuting mode; stresses the importance of ensuring smooth inter-modality between rail and cycling in order to offer sustainable rural-urban commuting; encourages in this sense also the expansion of the EuroVélo network;

Or. en

Amendment 42 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 c (new)

AM\1222480EN.docx 21/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Draft opinion Amendment

3 c. Points out that the Clean Vehicles Directive1a requirements are to be transposed by 2 August 2021 at the latest; considers that the public procurement requirements of zero-emission vehicle purchases needed only after 2025 should be further anticipated, with the goal of ensuring 100% zero-emission vehicle fleets by 2030 at the latest; ______1a Directive (EU) 2019/1161 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 amending Directive 2009/33/EC on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles

Or. en

Amendment 43 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 d (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 d. Welcomes local initiatives such as Low Emission Zones, which should be enlarged to all areas with certain population density, and further developed into Zero Emission Zones;

Or. en

Amendment 44 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 e (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

PE663.275v01-00 22/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN 3 e. Reminds nevertheless that car emissions are not limited to NOx and PM tailpipe emissions, besides CO2, but also PM from tyre and brake wear, as well as road wear;

Or. en

Amendment 45 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 f (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 f. Points out that PM2.5 is the pollutant with the highest mortality, mainly being at the origin of strokes, with particulate matter in general causing also cardiovascular diseases, lung cancer and other lung and respiratory diseases, while NO2 causes particularly liver and blood diseases, besides respiratory diseases;

Or. en

Amendment 46 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 g (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 g. Underlines that during the COVID-related lockdowns the air quality improved significantly in the most polluted cities, as a result of reduced road traffic, which also has a relevant impact in terms of noise pollution;

Or. en

AM\1222480EN.docx 23/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Amendment 47 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 h (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 h. Recalls that the Commission committed to a Zero-Pollution Action Plan within its communication on the European Green Deal; considers that updating and ensuring the timely implementation of the current EU air quality legislation is of paramount importance in order to guarantee tackling air pollution successfully;

Or. en

Amendment 48 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 i (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 i. Calls on the Commission to adopt an EU-wide daily limit on particulate matter; stresses that this daily limit, as well as all the other limit values, should be in line with the World Health Organisation’s guidelines on air quality;

Or. en

Amendment 49 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 3 j (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

3 j. Stresses, in this regard, the

PE663.275v01-00 24/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN particular importance of adopting a daily limit value for PM2.5, as these particles cause the most serious health effects according to the WHO;

Or. en

Amendment 50 Carlo Fidanza

Draft opinion Paragraph 4

Draft opinion Amendment

4. Reiterates the importance of a 4. Reiterates the importance of a substantial modal shift from road towards substantial modal shift from road towards less polluting forms of transportation; less polluting forms of transportation; underlines, in this regard, the urgent need underlines, in this regard, the urgent need to improve railroad infrastructure, to improve railroad infrastructure, especially under the framework of the especially under the framework of the Trans-European Transport Network, and to Trans-European Transport Network, and to further ease and encourage intermodality; further ease and encourage intermodality and multimodality, bearing in mind, however, that road haulage remains indispensable and irreplaceable, especially over small (last-mile) and medium distances; notes that genuine sustainable intermodality must accordingly be combined with measures to promote more efficient and hence more environmentally-friendly road haulage;

Or. it

Amendment 51 Leila Chaibi

Draft opinion Paragraph 4

Draft opinion Amendment

4. Reiterates the importance of a 4. Reiterates the importance of a substantial modal shift from road towards substantial modal shift from road towards less polluting forms of transportation; less polluting forms of transportation such

AM\1222480EN.docx 25/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN underlines, in this regard, the urgent need as active modes, public transport and rail; to improve railroad infrastructure, underlines, in this regard, the urgent need especially under the framework of the to improve railroad infrastructure, Trans-European Transport Network, and to especially in urban areas and under the further ease and encourage intermodality; framework of the Trans-European Transport Network, and to further ease and encourage intermodality; stresses the need to abolish the conformity factor, so that emissions measured under the type approval tests would better reflect real driving conditions;

Or. en

Amendment 52 Vlad Gheorghe, Dominique Riquet, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Caroline Nagtegaal, Jan- Christoph Oetjen

Draft opinion Paragraph 4

Draft opinion Amendment

4. Reiterates the importance of a 4. Reiterates the importance of a substantial modal shift from road towards substantial modal shift from road towards less polluting forms of transportation; less polluting forms of transportation; underlines, in this regard, the urgent need underlines, in this regard, the urgent need to improve railroad infrastructure, to improve railroad infrastructure, especially under the framework of the especially under the framework of the Trans-European Transport Network, and to Trans-European Transport Network, and to further ease and encourage intermodality; further ease and encourage intermodality; emphasises the need to improve working conditions for public transport workers, including investment in their reskilling, upskilling and training;

Or. en

Amendment 53 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 4

Draft opinion Amendment

PE663.275v01-00 26/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN 4. Reiterates the importance of a 4. Reiterates the importance of a substantial modal shift from road towards substantial modal shift from road to zero- less polluting forms of transportation; emission forms of transportation, underlines, in this regard, the urgent need especially rail, benefiting from 2021 being to improve railroad infrastructure, the European Year of Rail; underlines, in especially under the framework of the this regard, the urgent need to improve Trans-European Transport Network, and to railroad infrastructure, fully implementing further ease and encourage intermodality; ERTMS, removing bottlenecks and completing missing links, especially under the framework of the Trans-European Transport Network, and to further ease and encourage intermodality;

Or. en

Amendment 54 Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska

Draft opinion Paragraph 4

Draft opinion Amendment

4. Reiterates the importance of a 4. Reiterates the importance of a substantial modal shift from road towards substantial modal shift from road towards less polluting forms of transportation; less polluting forms of transportation, such underlines, in this regard, the urgent need as combined and rail transport; to improve railroad infrastructure, underlines, in this regard, the urgent need especially under the framework of the to improve and modernise railroad Trans-European Transport Network, and to infrastructure, especially under the further ease and encourage intermodality; framework of the Trans-European Transport Network, and to further ease and encourage intermodality;

Or. en

Amendment 55 Roman Haider, Georg Mayer

Draft opinion Paragraph 4

Draft opinion Amendment

4. Reiterates the importance of a 4. Stresses the importance of rail substantial modal shift from road towards transport this regard; points to the urgent

AM\1222480EN.docx 27/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN less polluting forms of transportation; need to improve and expand railroad underlines, in this regard, the urgent need infrastructure, especially under the to improve railroad infrastructure, framework of the Trans-European especially under the framework of the Transport Network, and to further ease and Trans-European Transport Network, and to encourage intermodality; further ease and encourage intermodality;

Or. de

Amendment 56 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

4 a. Recalls that the European Parliament has recently proposed 2022 as the European Year of Greener Cities, in order to create a culture of appreciation of green spaces and clean air as an important, yet often underestimated, aspect of quality of life for European citizens, particularly for those affecting asthma and other airway disease sufferers, among others, as well as encouraging urban development in this regard, notably favouring initiatives to reduce urban road traffic, and promote and invest in public transport; reminds that on average 60% of public space is occupied by private cars only, although those are 95% of the time idle and hence most of this unused space could be greened and serve other social purposes;

Or. en

Amendment 57 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Isabel García Muñoz, Josianne Cutajar, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new)

PE663.275v01-00 28/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Draft opinion Amendment

4 a. Emphasises the importance of protecting workers in the transportation sector who are exposed to high levels of air pollutions on a daily basis such as airport workers and construction workers who work in toxic fumes;

Or. en

Amendment 58 Vlad Gheorghe, Elsi Katainen, Jan-Christoph Oetjen, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Dominique Riquet

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

4 a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address the enforcement of ecological standards for second-hand cars, as well as the implementation gap in the Union's type approval legislation;

Or. en

Amendment 59 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Isabel García Muñoz, Josianne Cutajar, Kathleen Van Brempt

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

4 b. Recalls that luxury passenger cruise ships remain a significant contributor to air pollution around European coasts and cities; calls on the Commission to use the revision of the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Directive to expand Shore Side Electricity (SSE) requirements in ports and to use zero emission berth standards in order to drive

AM\1222480EN.docx 29/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN the uptake of SSE technology;

Or. en

Amendment 60 Vlad Gheorghe, Dominique Riquet, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Jan-Christoph Oetjen, Caroline Nagtegaal

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

4 b. Regrets that in some cases air quality readings are unreliable or cannot be obtained due to lacking network of sensors; underlines that adequate, harmonised and standardised air pollution reporting and monitoring methods and procedures need to be put in place in all Member States to guarantee that the collected data are exact, unadulterated and comparable;

Or. en

Amendment 61 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

4 b. Points to the environmental impact of aviation, which goes beyond its high CO2 emissions, and the negative health effects that noise pollution from airports cause for European citizens; calls for all intra-EU scheduled collective travel under 1,000 km to be carbon-neutral by 2030;

Or. en

PE663.275v01-00 30/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Amendment 62 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 c (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

4 c. Points to the environmental impact of maritime transport, particularly sulphur dioxide emissions, and the impact this has on coastal communities, both in terms of ecosystems and public health; calls for a comprehensive electrification of short-distance and urban maritime transport, in addition to zero-emission - requirements and infrastructure at berth;

Or. en

Amendment 63 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Kathleen Van Brempt

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 c (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

4 c. Encourages the Commission to extend NOx Emission Control Area (NECA) and SOx Emission Control Area (SECA) standards to all EU seas and tighten the standard for sulphur to 10ppm to bring it in line with that currently applicable to road transport;

Or. en

Amendment 64 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 4 d (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

AM\1222480EN.docx 31/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN 4 d. Notes that light pollution, often stemming from transport infrastructure, has also adverse effects on human health and disrupts ecosystems; urges relevant authorities to better monitor the issue and take action to reduce its effects;

Or. en

Amendment 65 Vlad Gheorghe, Dominique Riquet, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Jan-Christoph Oetjen, Elsi Katainen, Caroline Nagtegaal

Draft opinion Paragraph 5

Draft opinion Amendment

5. Points out that the proper 5. Points out that the proper implementation and enforcement of the Air implementation and enforcement of the Air Quality Directives1 have proved Quality Directives1 have proved challenging; urges, therefore, that Directive challenging; urges, therefore, that Directive 2008/50/EC and all other existing 2008/50/EC and all other existing legislation relating to transport emissions legislation relating to transport emissions be properly implemented and enforced first be properly implemented and enforced in a before new measures are proposed. timely manner; encourages the Commission and the Member States to further cooperate with the WHO on the update of the Global Air Quality Guidelines according to the latest available evidence, so as to launch the subsequent revision of the existing EU legislation in the field of air quality, if needed and following an impact assessment; ______1 Directive 2004/107/EC of the European 1 Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 relating to arsenic, December 2004 relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, OJ L aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, OJ L 023 26.1.2005, p. 3, and Directive 023 26.1.2005, p. 3, and Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1). Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1).

PE663.275v01-00 32/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Or. en

Amendment 66 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Isabel García Muñoz, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 5

Draft opinion Amendment

5. Points out that the proper 5. Points out that the proper implementation and enforcement of the Air implementation and enforcement of the Air Quality Directives1 have proved Quality Directives1 have proved challenging; urges, therefore, that Directive challenging; urges, therefore, that Directive 2008/50/EC and all other existing 2008/50/EC and all other existing legislation relating to transport emissions legislation relating to transport emissions be properly implemented and enforced first be properly implemented and enforced; before new measures are proposed. stresses that ensuring compliance should not stand in the way of new measures and revisions where necessary. ______1 Directive 2004/107/EC of the European 1 Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 relating to arsenic, December 2004 relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, OJ L aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, OJ L 023 26.1.2005, p. 3, and Directive 023 26.1.2005, p. 3, and Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1). Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1).

Or. en

Amendment 67 Leila Chaibi

Draft opinion Paragraph 5

Draft opinion Amendment

5. Points out that the proper 5. Points out that the proper implementation and enforcement of the Air implementation and enforcement of the Air Quality Directives1 have proved Quality Directives1 have proved

AM\1222480EN.docx 33/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN challenging; urges, therefore, that Directive challenging; urges, therefore, that Directive 2008/50/EC and all other existing 2008/50/EC and all other existing legislation relating to transport emissions legislation relating to transport emissions be properly implemented and enforced first be properly implemented and enforced; before new measures are proposed. stresses the need to shorten infringement procedures in order to force Member States to take action without delay. ______1 Directive 2004/107/EC of the European 1 Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 relating to arsenic, December 2004 relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, OJ L aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, OJ L 023 26.1.2005, p. 3, and Directive 023 26.1.2005, p. 3, and Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1). Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1).

Or. en

Amendment 68 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 5

Draft opinion Amendment

5. Points out that the proper 5. Points out that the proper implementation and enforcement of the Air implementation and enforcement of the Air Quality Directives1 have proved Quality Directives1 have proved challenging; urges, therefore, that Directive challenging; urges, therefore, that Directive 2008/50/EC and all other existing 2008/50/EC and all other existing legislation relating to transport emissions legislation relating to transport emissions be properly implemented and enforced first be properly implemented and promptly before new measures are proposed. enforced, in parallel with further legislative developments that fully align EU air pollution thresholds with the latest WHO standards; ______1 Directive 2004/107/EC of the European 1 Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 relating to arsenic, December 2004 relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, OJ L aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, OJ L

PE663.275v01-00 34/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN 023 26.1.2005, p. 3, and Directive 023 26.1.2005, p. 3, and Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1). Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1).

Or. en

Amendment 69 Vlad Gheorghe, Dominique Riquet, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Jan-Christoph Oetjen, Elsi Katainen, Caroline Nagtegaal

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 a. Welcomes the Fitness check of the Ambient Air Quality Directives conducted by the Commission last year; furthermore, calls on the Commission to explore the ways for a swift and more efficient cooperation with national, regional and local authorities to foster the compliance with air quality legislation, i.a. with the use of the EU funding, under the EU Urban Agenda, through the Clean Air Dialogues, and in line with the European Green Deal objectives; calls on the Commission to provide technical assistance and expertise to the national, regional and local authorities encountering difficulties in enforcing and implementing air quality legislation;

Or. en

Amendment 70 Gheorghe Falcă, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Benoît Lutgen, Massimiliano Salini, Barbara Thaler

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

AM\1222480EN.docx 35/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN 5 a. Recalls that whereas overall particulate emissions from road transport decline, the fraction emitted by vehicles from tyre, brake, clutch and road wear becomes increasingly significant; calls on the European Commission to examine, together with health and air quality experts specialised in the matter, in how far a regulation targeting these emissions could be necessary and proportionate in view of further reducing non-exhaust emissions and increasing their contribution to the overall reduction of particulate matter emissions from road transport;

Or. en

Amendment 71 Sara Cerdas

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5a. Underlines the need for positive discrimination measures to address the constraints that the outermost, island and remote regions may face when applying a possible carbon tax, together with specific plans by the Commission for transport decarbonisation in the outermost regions, given their strong dependence on air and sea transport in particular;

Or. pt

Amendment 72 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

PE663.275v01-00 36/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN 5 a. Points out that according to the EEA Air quality report in 2019, premature deaths could be reduced yearly between 100.000 to 120.000, and namely 1 million Years of Life saved, only by establishing at EU level the WHO AQG limit for PM 2.5;

Or. en

Amendment 73 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Sara Cerdas, Kathleen Van Brempt, Maria Grapini

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 a. Encourages the Commission to use implementing acts in the current Ambient Air Quality Directives to improve monitoring and implementation and guide Member States in closing loopholes;

Or. en

Amendment 74 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 b. Recalls that in the 2005 impact assessment prior to the proposal of the current Ambient Air Quality directive, the Commission assessed the direct costs of complying with their proposal for the directive at between €5 and €8 billion, and the monetised health benefits at between €37 to €119 billion per annum in 2020, thereby concluding that the benefits of the air quality policy greatly exceeded the implementation costs;

AM\1222480EN.docx 37/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Or. en

Amendment 75 Vlad Gheorghe

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 b. Underlines that civil society organisations, environmental activists and investigative journalists, due to their proximity and direct access to the data on the ground, play a crucial role in fostering and controlling the implementation of ambient air quality legislation, and therefore need to be fully involved in the consultation procedures;

Or. en

Amendment 76 Marianne Vind, Petar Vitanov, Kathleen Van Brempt

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 b. Recalls that 31 infringement procedures against 18 Member States are currently ongoing for flawed monitoring or exceedances of PM10, PM2.5, NO2 or SO2 concentration levels; emphasises the need to speed up legal action against Member states who fail to comply with air pollution laws, as these cases take 6 to 8 years today;

Or. en

Amendment 77 Gheorghe Falcă, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Massimiliano Salini, Barbara

PE663.275v01-00 38/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Thaler

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 b. Calls for the further integration of satellite data from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service into the assessment of the implementation of European and global air quality rules;

Or. en

Amendment 78 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 c (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 c. Recalls that according to the ECA’s Special Report 23/2018 on Air pollution, the large number of infringement procedures relating to air quality limits show evidences of a widespread implementation gap in air quality legislation across the Union; takes note of the fact that such an implementation gap is prolonged over time particularly due to the recurrent long delays within the different stages of infringement procedures, usually between 6 and 8 years; considers that the 2-year period prior to a notification by the Commission over exceedance of limit values is too long in regard to ensuring a timely enforcement;

Or. en

Amendment 79 Gheorghe Falcă, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Massimiliano Salini, Barbara Thaler

AM\1222480EN.docx 39/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Draft opinion Paragraph 5 c (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 c. Stresses that Member States should focus on innovation and investments for improved connectivity and scalable air quality monitoring through low-cost air pollution sensors, artificial intelligence methods, and systematic deployment of 5G and Gigabit infrastructure along urban and rural large-scale transport corridors in line with EU’s 2025 5G and Gigabit connectivity objectives;

Or. en

Amendment 80 Vlad Gheorghe, Dominique Riquet, Izaskun Bilbao Barandica, Jan-Christoph Oetjen, Elsi Katainen, Caroline Nagtegaal

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 c (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 c. Encourages the Commission and the Member States to ensure that policies in the field of air quality pursue the zero pollution ambitions, in line with the Green Deal objectives; furthermore, highlights the importance of the recovery plans supporting competitiveness and innovation in the related sectors;

Or. en

Amendment 81 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 d (new)

PE663.275v01-00 40/42 AM\1222480EN.docx EN Draft opinion Amendment

5 d. Notes with concern the European Court of Auditors’ remarks that Air Quality Plans aimed a remedial of limit value exceedance are often not effective, particularly due to lack of enough targeted measures to reduce the emissions at source;

Or. en

Amendment 82 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 e (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 e. Expects that the upcoming EURO 7 regulation for new type approval of vehicles will set ambitious targets, namely with more stringent emission limits based on Real Driving Emissions, as well as including standards for capturing emission of tyres and brakes;

Or. en

Amendment 83 Pär Holmgren

Draft opinion Paragraph 5 f (new)

Draft opinion Amendment

5 f. Reiterates its 2019 call for mandatory retrofitting for the most polluting vehicles still on the road, and particularly for those with diesel engines given the large-scale exceedance of highly polluting NO2 emissions, as revealed with the Dieselgate;

AM\1222480EN.docx 41/42 PE663.275v01-00 EN Or. en

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