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Renaissance and Baroque Art and Culture in the Eastern Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1506-1696)

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Renaissance and Baroque Art and Culture in the Eastern Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1506-1696) Renaissance and Baroque Art and Culture in the Eastern Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1506-1696) Renaissance and Baroque Art and Culture in the Eastern Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1506-1696) By Urszula Szulakowska Renaissance and Baroque Art and Culture in the Eastern Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth (1506-1696) By Urszula Szulakowska This book first published 2018 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2018 by Urszula Szulakowska All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-1135-9 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-1135-4 For Stanisław Brodalka and Florian Brodalka CONTENTS List of Illustrations ..................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements .................................................................................. xiv Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Chapter One ............................................................................................... 38 National Identity, Religious Confession and Class in the Eastern Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 66 The Classical Revival and Humanism in Hungary and Poland Chapter Three ............................................................................................ 92 Early History of Lwów: The Latin Cathedral Chapter Four ............................................................................................ 120 Mannerist and Baroque Influences in Lwowian Architecture, Sculpture and Painting Chapter Five ............................................................................................ 139 Orthodox Communities in Lwów Chapter Six .............................................................................................. 165 Crownland Rus Chapter Seven .......................................................................................... 221 Northern Lithuania and Wilno (Vilnius) Chapter Eight ........................................................................................... 266 Lithuania – the Belarussian Lands - Pińsk and Nowogródek: Uniate Church Art and Architecture Chapter Nine ............................................................................................ 316 Castles and Fortified Residences in Belarus viii Contents Chapter Ten ............................................................................................. 368 Jewish Synagogues and Karaite Kenese Chapter Eleven ........................................................................................ 386 Islam in the Eastern Commonwealth Epilogue ................................................................................................... 396 Bibliography ............................................................................................ 398 Index ........................................................................................................ 434 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Map of the Eastern Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th century, adapted by U. Szulakowska from pre-1939 maps printed in Poland 2.1 Wawel Castle by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 2.2 Detail of window-frames at Wawel Castle, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 2.3 Wawel Castle, inner courtyard, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 2.4 Wawel-style doorway by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 3.1 Lwów, Korniakt House (Royal Palace) by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 3.2 Latin Cathedral (Archcathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary), Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 3.3 Plan of the Latin cathedral, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 3.4 Icon of Matka Boska Łaskawa by Józef Szolc-Wólfowicz (1598), by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 3.5 Chancel of the Latin cathedral, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 3.6 Kampian chapel, Latin cathedral, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 3.7 Monument of Stanisław of Żółkiew by Paolo Romano, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 3.8 - 3.11 Boim Chapel, Latin cathedral, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 4.1- 4.2 Bernardine Church of S, Andrzej, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 4.3 Bernardine Church of St. Andrzej, 18th century decoration, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 4.4 Jesuit Church, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków x List of Illustrations 4.5 Giovanni Battista Gisleni, Church of the Discalced Carmelite nuns, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 5.1 Lwów, Armenian Cathedral, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 5.2 Wallachian Orthodox Cathedral, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 5.3 – 5.4 Wallachian Cathedral, interior, view towards the west end and the Three Saints Chapel, Lwów, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.1 Kamieniec Podolski, 18th century engraving, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków (Sts. Peter and Paul Church at top left with Turkish minaret) 6.2 Kamieniec Podolski fortress on the other side of the ravine by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.3 Drohobycz, parish church, view towards chancel prior to 1939, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.4 Tomb of Katarzyna Ramułtowa, Drohobycz, parish church, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.5 Detail of iconostasis, Orthodox Church of St. Jura, Drohobycz, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, and Kraków 6.6 Orthodox Church of the Elevation of the Cross, Drohobycz, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.7 Ground plan of the Sieniawski Memorial Chapel, Brzeżany, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.8 Tomb portrait of Mikołaj Sieniawski, Brzeżany, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.9 Tomb of Mikołaj and Hieronim Sieniawski (in situ condition in the 1930s), Brzeżany, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.10 Tomb of Adam Hieronim Sieniawski (in situ condition in the 1930s), Brzeżany, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków Renaissance and Baroque Art and Culture in the Eastern Polish- xi Lithuanian Commonwealth (1506-1696) 6.11 Minbar, Cathedral of Sts. Peter and Paul, Kamieniec Podolski, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.12 Podhorce Castle, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.13 Stołowa Salon, Podhorce Castle, original condition in the 1930s, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.14 Stołowa Salon reconstruction of ceiling decoration, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.15 Picture collection in the Green Salon, Podhorce Castle, photograph from the 1930, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.16 Józef (Tarnowczyk?) and Herman van Hutte, memorial of Bishop Walenty Herburt, Church of St. Marcin, Felsztyn, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.17 Herburt family monument, Church of St. Marcin, Felsztyn, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.18 Podkamień with ruined tower, after First World War, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.19 Virgin and Child, Podkamień, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.20 Podkamień church tower with lantern in the 1920s, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.21 Podkamień tower after 1918, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.22 Podkamień church, original 18th and 19th century frescoes over the nave, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.23 Stanisław Stroiński, Visitation of Blessed Virgin Mary, frescoes in the chancel of Podkamień church, condition in the 1930s, by permission of the Instytut Historii Sztuki, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 6.24 - 6.25 Podkamień, column and restored
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