1963 · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 12019 a Paris interview, Lindbergh.said, "I am an the operation of the tel~graph between The bad pr9phets have not been restricted ·air mail pilot and expect -to fly the mall Washington and Baltimore had not satisfied to the :field of communications. As late as again." And, as a matter of fact, he later him that under any rate of postage that 1901, ~ilbur Wright doubted that man would did -fly his old route between Chicago and could be adopted, its revenues could. be ma.de :fly "within a. thousand years." St. Louis once again. equal to its expenditures." We need not feel superior to the bad gues­ Although the- Post Office Department Postmaster General Johnson's crystal ball sers of times pa.st. Wilbur Wright, despite actually carried mall up to August 1927, it was a mite clouded, but so were the crystal his own skepticism, went on to fly the first gradually surrendered its operations as soon balls of later seers. Here is a story that heavier-than-air ma.chine with his brother as contractors with the abil1ty and sufficient appeared in a Boston newspaper about three­ only 2 yea.rs later. We have a. copious share financial backing to perform the service quarters of a century ago: of the timid and unimaginative amongst us could be secured. The Department fostered "A man about 46 years of age, giving the today. and nurtured commercial aviation and then name of Joshua Coppersmith, has been ar­ There a.re those who are against the at­ turned it over to private enterprise. rested in New York for attempting to ex­ tempt to :fly a. man to the moon because We have other examples of a similar pat­ tort funds from ignorant and superstitious they say it would cost too much. There are tern in Post Office history. In most indus­ people by exhibiting a device which he says those who oppose renewed efforts to reach a. trialized foreign countries, telephone, tele­ will convey the human voice over metallic test-ban agreement on the grounds that we graph, and broadcasting fac111ties are owned wires. He calls the instrument a 'telephone' have failed before. There are those whose by the government. In the United States, which is obviously intended to imitate the only answer 100 years after the Emancipation we feel that these functions are best left 1n word 'telegraph' and win the confidence of Proclamation to the demands for equality. private hands. However, the ~elegra.ph began those who know the success of the latter and Justice of Negro Americans is more pa­ as a Government-fostered enterprise in this instrument. Well-informed people know tience and further delay.'. The following country. that it is impossible tc transmit the human words were written by Abraham Lincoln 1n voice over wires as may be done with dots 1862: A telegraph line was opened between and dashes and signals of the Morse Code, "The dogmas of the quiet pa.st are inade­ Washington and Baltimore in 1845. It was and that, even were it possible to do so, the quate to the stormy present. • • • As our built at Government expense by its inventor, thing would be of no practical value. The case ls new, so we must think a.new and act Samuel F. B. Morse. Postmaster General authorities who apprehended this criminal a.new . . We must disenthrall ourselves." Cave Johnson fixed the cost at 1 cent for a.re to be congratulated, and it is hoped that Today, we must, once again, disenthrall every four characters. his punishment will be prompt and fitting, ourselves. When Morse offered his patent to the Gov­ that it may i;erve as an example to other I wish the Civil Aeronautics Board a happy ernment for $100,000, the Post Office Depart­ conscienceless schemers who enrich them­ birthday and continued success in guiding ment turned it down as unpromising. Post­ selves at the expense of their fellow crea­ the aviation industry. master General Johnson advised Morse "that tures." Happy landings to all of you.

July 7-we especially invoke Thee to look the concurrence of the House is re­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES down upon the 2 million citizens, Amer­ quested: icans of Slovak descent, who, enriched . MONDAY, JULY S. 280. An act for the relief of Etsuko Mat­ 1, 1963 with the heritage of these saintly broth­ suo McClellan; The House met at 12 o'clock noon. ers, have contributed to the material and S. 296. An act for the relief of Anne Marie spiritual well-being of America. Kee Tham; As we approach the celebration of the S. 538. An act for the relief of Henry Bang DESIGNATION OF SPEAKER PRO Williams; Declaration of Independence of our own S. 546. An act to authorize the Secretary TEMPORE country, look down, we humbly invoke of the Navy to grant easements for the use The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be­ Thee, on the nation of Slovakia and all of lands in the Camp Joseph H. Pendleton fore the House the following communi­ nations, whose people have been deprived Naval Reservation, Calif., for a nuclear elec­ cation from the Speaker: of the blessings of freedom. Grant, we tric generating station; pray, that truth, justice, love, and free­ S. 568. An act for the relief of Denis Ryan; THE SPEAKER'S Roollll, dom may prevail in our own beloved S. 733. An act for the relief of Yung Yuen July 1, 1963. country and among all the peoples of Yau; I hereby designate the Honorable CARL AL­ S. 753. An a.ct for the relief of Mrs. Giu­ BERT to act as Speaker pro tempore today. the world. This we ask in the name of seppa Rafala Monarca; JOHN W. McCORMACK, Christ, our Lord. Amen. S. 879. An act to provide for the striking Speaker of the House of medals in commemoration of the 150th of Representatives. anniversary of the building of Perry's fleet THE JOURNAL and the Battle of Lake Erie; The Reverend Michael J. Churak, su­ S. 1082. An act to establish in the Treasury preme chaplain of the Slovak Catholic The J oumal of the proceedings of a correctional industries fund for the govern­ Federation of America, offered the fol­ Thursday, June 27, 1963, was read and ment ·of the District of Columbia, and for lowing prayer: approved. other purposes; S. 1125. An act to provide for the striking 0 Holy Lord, Father Almighty, eternal of medals in commemoration of the 100th an­ God, from Whom all authority proceeds, MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE niversary of the admission of Nevada to and under whose loving care nations statehood; prosper and flourish, deign to bless all A message from the Senate by Mr. S. 1201. An act for the relief of Dr. James assembled here for the opening of this McGown, one of its clerks, announced T. Maddux; ses.sion of the House of Representatives. that the Senate had passed without S. 1230. An act for the relief of Carlton M. Be present with us, 0 Holy Spirit, amendment bills of the House of the fol­ Richardson; throughout this session. Come to help S. 1401. An act to authorize the Commis­ lowing titles: sioners of the District of Columbia to ac­ us in our affairs and deign to enter into H.R. 1267. An ,act for the relief of Law­ quire, construct, operate, and regulate a pub­ our deliberations. rence E. Bird; lic off-street parking fac111ty; Direct us in our paths to seek the wel­ H.R. 1275. An act for the relief of Miss Ann S. 1489. An act for the relief of J. Arthur fare of all our citizens, without regard Super; Fields; and to race, color, or creed, to assure the H.R. 1292. An act for the relief of Carmela S.J. Res. 51. Joint resolution to authorize blessings of freedom for all peoples Calabrese DlVito; the presentation of an Air Force Medal of throughout the world even those who now H.R. 1332. An act for the relief of Mario Recognition to Maj. Gen. Benjamin D. Fou­ suffer from tyranny and oppression. Let nodrigues Fonseca; lois, retired. us strive to promote peace among all the H.R. 1736. An act !or the relief of Assunta nations of the world, a peace founded on DiLella Codella; the four pillars of "truth, justice, love, H.R. 3356. An act for the relief of Jose­ AN ACT TO PROVIDE FOR AN ADDI­ and freedom"-"Pacem in Terris," Pope phine Maria (Bonaccorso) Bowtell; TIONAL ASSISTANT SECRETARY JohnXXID. H.R. 4773; An act for the relief of Leroy IN THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT Smallenberger, a referee in bankruptcy. In this 11th centennial year of the ar­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. The rival of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Slo­ The message also announced that the Chair desires to announce that pursuant vakia and during the observance of SS. Senate had passed bills and a joint reso­ to the authority granted the Speaker on Cyril and Methodius Week-July 1 to iution of the following titles, in which Thursday, ~une 27, 1963, the Speaker did 12020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 1 on June 28, 1963, sign the following zation bills not yet enacted-in two in­ nue-inflation. As a result, the cost of enrolled bill of the Senate: stances, not even reported from the leg­ living qas.gone up. Every family today S. 1359. An act to provide for an additional islative committees. The Committee on is spending'over twice what they former­ Assistant Secretary in the Treasury Depart­ Appropriations cannot, under the rules ly spent to maintain themselves at the ment. of the House, bring in a bill until the ap­ existing cost of living. In the last 2 propriation has been authorized by law. months the official index. hit a new PERMISSION TO FILE CONFERENCE In the meantime the Government is high-and the dollar a new low. REPORT ON H.R. 5207 operating on a minimum basis under the The Treasury's supply of gold is now general continuing resolution. down to $15,700,000,000. We have lost Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask BACKDOOR APPROPRIATIONS $7,200,000,00C of it since the run began unanimous consent that the managers in early 1958. With the persistent im­ on the part of the House have until mid­ In addition, the significant backdoor balance, the persistent deficit in our bal­ night tonight to file a conference report bill thus far is the $2,000,000,000 for the ance of international transactions, it is of on H.R. 5207, the Foreign Service Build­ Export-Import Bank which the House little or no comfort that the precipitate ings Act. refused to approve on the backdoor basis gold outflow has subsided. The supply The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there but on which the Senate insists. The remains low, and is getting lower. · We objection to the request of the gentleman Senat~ has never been reluctant to initi­ ate backdoor appropriations-and they lost $65,000,000 more last week. The sit­ from Louisiana? uation is precarious. And the way we There was no objection. are trying it on this bill, and unfortu­ nately for the prerogatives and position manhandle the value of our dollar it of the House maintained from the be­ seems highly unlikely foreign bankers STATUS OF THE APPROPRIATION ginning, there is a not inconsiderable holding claims on our gold will mate­ BILLS AND THE BUDGET encouragement on occasion from the rially upgrade their confidence in it. Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, I ask legislative committees. It is incredible Spending money we do not have for unanimous consent to address the House that Members would in any way encour­ things we could postpone until we had for 1 minute and to revise and extend my age and support erosion of this all-im­ the money has contributed heavily to the remarks. portant position of the House as the body deterioration. Nondefense spending has The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there closest to the people and to their pocket­ unbalanced the budgets time and again, objection to the request of the gentleman books. -~s we have repeatedly documented. And from Missouri? FISCAL SITUATION continuing to spend more than we take There was no objection. Mr. Speaker, we are spending money in, loading the difference on future gen­ Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, this is a at a more rapid rate than ever before. erations, will certainly make foreign significant day on the congressional cal­ The interest on the public debt-over holders of our dollars more apprehen­ endar and at the Treasury. Today, July $10,000,000,000 a year-is appalling. sive-and skeptical-about our willing­ 1, is the first day of the new fiscal year There seems to be no serious thought ness to face up to the demand of the 1964. Throughout the country business­ about liquidating the debt on a system­ times. As a high administration official men generally. are accustomed, at the atic basis or of decreasing our rate of said not so long ago, foreign holders of end of the old fiscal year and the be­ spending. Our expenditures are con­ dollars would much prefer that we put ginning of the new fiscal year, to strike stantly accelerating. We are taking in a ceiling on Federal spending than on a balance to ascertain just where they more money, we are enjoying more na­ the Federal debt. stand financially. It is perhaps not tional revenue than ever before in the It is to be hoped, it is to be urged, Mr. amiss for us to briefly record just where history of the country but we are still Speaker, that we take under serious con­ we are in the appropriations business of running in the red. The fiscal year 1963 sideration a policy which will significant­ the session and the condition of the closed yesterday with a deficit somewhere ly reduce the expansion of present pro­ budget. near $8,000,000,000. In the year begin­ grams and eliminate new programs APPROPRIATION ACTIONS TO DATE ning today we face another big deficit­ which require further expenditures and no one knows just how much. And for simultaneously place into effect a pro­ Seven appropriation bills for fiscal· gram which will reduce the burdensome 1964 and two bills for fiscal 1963, dis­ the 10th consecutive year-a full dec­ posing of about $73,631,000,000 of the ade-we have disregarded precedent and Federal taxes. President's current budget requests, have again extended war taxes in time of We do not have to go very far to find been sent to the Senate. The Commit­ peace, and still the budget is out of bal­ out who is responsible for ever-increas­ tee on Appropriations cut the budget in ance. Still the Treasury has to go out ing spending beyond what we take in. these bills by $3,833,000,000. The House and borrow from future generations to In the final analysis,·Congress is respon­ did not agree in some particulars and meet the higher and higher expenditures. sible-often, of course, as the urgent re­ restored $432,000,000. Thus the nine It is becoming almost characteristic that quest of the executive branch. Hardly a bil}s were sent to the other body $3,- the more money the Treasury takes in month passes but what we are authoriz­ 401,000,000 below the corresponding the more it spends. ing some new projects, some new pro­ budget requests. Slowly but surely circumstances are gram, some new activity that has never In addition to the two bills for fiscal in the process of convening at the point been provided before. We are almost 1963, the Senate has also passed upon representing the inevitable limit. We constantly authorizing and appropriat­ three of the regular 1964 bills, involving owe more-our national debt limit this ing for some new expenditures, for new budget requests, in all, of $9,518,000,000. morning, under the terms of the recent activities, or expanding going programs And, characteristically, four of the five extension, is $309,000,000,000-the high­ when we cannot pay or refuse to pay for bills were returned carrying larger ap­ est in 175 years. And that is only for the the old ones which we have authorized propriations than originally voted by the next 60 days. Continuing to insist on and appropriated over the years. Every House-$207 ,000,000 more. spending more than the Treasury col­ budget from the executive branch advo­ Three bills-the two for fiscal 1963 and lects makes it necessary to boost the cates new activities and new spending. one for fiscal 1964-have been enacted ceiling next month closer to the inevita­ But the final responsibility is right into law. In total, they were $286,000,000 ble limit-to the suggested figure of at here in Congress. We have to quit au­ below the budget amounts. thorizing new projects and expanding old least $320,000,000,000. And further defi­ programs and begin paying for the old APPROPRIATION Bll.LS NOT YET REPORTED cits have been flatly predicted for 2 projects for which we owe. I trust this Five regular 1964 bills, plus the usual more years. That means another debt will be taken into consideration in the closing supplemental, remain to be re­ boost-27 deficits in the last 33 years­ near future, and that there will be seri­ ported to the House. They prospectively with at least 3 more to follow before any ous effort to pay something on our in­ involve requests of roughly $26,000,- hope of the budget being in the black. debtedness in order to help our credit. 000,000 on the present basis. One of Incredible. I include as a part of my remarks a these, the District appropriation bill Mr. Speaker, the prewar purchasing table showing the various appropriation will ~e taken up on the floor next week: power of the dollar is now down to 45 bills of the session to date. We are cut­ Hearmgs on the others are either com­ cents. In 1936 it was $1.07 The decline ting the budget but at the same time ap­ pleted or well along. All of them hinge is in no sniall measure due to these con­ propriating larger amounts than the in whole or in part, on annual author!~ stant expenditures in excess of the reve- previous year. The -appropriation bills, 88th Cong., 1st sess., as of July 1, ·1963 [Does not include back-door appropriations or permanent appropriations under previous legislation. Does include indefinite appropriations carried in annual appropriation bills] House . Bill No. Title Amount reported House action compared with­ Budget estimates Date re- Amount as re­ compared with Date Amount as passed i------..------to House ported ported budget estimates passed Budget estimates Amount reported ------11--.:..' .:...... '' ------·---, -1------1------1------11------1------1963 SUPPLEMENTAL!!

H.:J. Res. 284 .. ______Supplemental, Agriculture. ______1 $508, 172,000 Feb. 26 $508,172,000 ------Feb. 27 $508,172,000 H.R. 5517 ····------______Supplemental ______1,641,507,106 Apr. 5 988,756,506 -$652, 750,600 Apr. 10 1,438,691,506 -$202, 815, 600 +$449, 935,000 Public works acceleration ______All other______(500,000,000) ------­ ( ______) (-500, 000, 000) ------(450,000,000) (-50, 000, 000) (+450, 000, 000) (1, 141, 007, 106) ------1------1------1(988,756,506) (-1·52, 750,600) ------1------1------1------(988,691,506) ( -152, 815, 600) (-65, 000) Total, 1963 supplementals______2,149,679,106 ------1, 496, 928, 506 -652, 750, 600 1, 946, 863, 506 -202, 81~, 600 +449, 935, 000 1======1======1 . 1964. APPROPRIATIONS H.R. 5279 ______InteriorLoan ______authorization ------______' 998,009,000 Mar. 28 929,690,200 -68, 318,800 Apr. 2 922,625,200 -75, 383,800 -7, 065, 000 Contract authority ______(13,000,000) ------(6,000,000) (-7, 000, 000) ------(6,000,000) (-7, 000, 000) ------H.R. 5366 ______Treasury-Post Office ______(17, 500,000) ------(-17, 500,000) ------(-17, 500,000) ------R.R. 5888 ______Labor-HEW ______6, 146,842,000 Apr. 1 5,997,026,000 -149, 816,000 Apr. 4 5,997,026,000 -149, 816,000 ------R.R. 6754 ______5, 759,480,000 Apr. 25 5,449,988,000 -309,501,000 Apr. 30 5,449,981,000 -309,508,000 · -7,000 Agrt!~tthorizations ______6,368,755,000 June 3 5,979,457,000 -389, 298,000 June 6 5,979,457,000 -389, 298,000 ------(855, 000, 000) ------(855,000,000) ------(855,000,000) ------R.R. 6868 ______Legislative ______2 :J.48, 580,245 June 6 2 140,038, 919 -8, 541,326 June 11 2 140,038,919 -8, 541,326 ______H.R. 7003 ______State, Justice, Commerce, Judiciary ______2,159,891,900 June 14 1,851,269,900 -308, 622,000 June 18 1,851,269, 900 -308, 622,000 H.R. 7179 ______Defense ______--__ ---___ ------1, 1------149,014,237,000 June 21 47,092,209,000 -1,922,028,000 47,082,009,000 -1,932,228,000 -10,200,000 Total, 1964 appropriations ______70,595,804, 145 67,439,679,019 -3, 156, 125, 126 67, 422,407,019 -3, 173,397, 126 -17,272,000 l======I Total, all appropriations __ ·------72, 745, 483, 251 68,936,607, 525 -3, 808,875,726 ------69,369,270,525 -3, 376,212, 726 +432, 663,000 Total, loan authorizations ______Total, contract authority ______(868,000,000) ------(861,000,000) (-7, 000, 000) ------(861,000,000) (-7, 000, 000) ------­ (17,500,000) ------(-17, 500,000) ------(-17, 500,000) ------

Senate Final action Increase or decrease com­ Bill No. Title Senate action compared with- pared to budget Budget Date Amount as Date Amount as Date Amount as Public estimates to estimates reported reported passed passed approved approved LawNo. date to Senate Budget House action estimates

1963 SUPPLEMENTALS 284..____ $508,172,000 ______Mar. 6 H.J. Res. Supplemental, Agriculture ______$508, 172, 000 Feb. 28 $508,172,000 Mar. 4 $508,172,000 88-1 ------H.R. 5517 ______SupplementaL ______1,652,300,456 Apr. 24 1, 486, 096, 841 May 1 1, 488,683,841 -$163, 616, 615 +$49, 992, 335 May 17 1, 467,430,491 88-25 -$184, 869,965 Public works acceleration ______(500,000,000) ------­ (450,000,000) ------­ (450,000,000) (-50, 000, 000) ------(450,000,000) ------(-50, 000, 000) All other ______(1, 152,300,456) ------(1, 036, 096, 841) ------(1, 038, 683,841) (-113, 616,615) (+49, 992,335) ------(1,017,430,491) ------(-134,869,965) 1------1------11------1 Total, 1963 supplementals ______2, 160,472,456 ------1,994,268,841 ------1,996,855, 841 -163, 616,615 +49, 992,335 ------1,975,602,491 ------184, 869, 965 1964. APPROPRIATIONS H.R. 5279 ______Interior ___ ------998,009,000 May 22 979,093,400 May 28 979,693, 400 -18, 315,600 +57, 068, 200 ______Loan authorization______(13,000,000) ______(6,000,000) ______(6,000,000) (-7, 000, 000) ______Contract authority______(17,500,000) ______(-17, 500,000) ______R.R. 5366 ______Treasury-Post Office______6,146,842,000 May 3 6,074,216,250 May 8 6,069,466,250 -77, 375,750 440,250 June 13 6,045,466,000 88-39 -101, 376,000 R.R. 5888 ______Labor-HEW ______+12, _ R.R. 6754 ______Agriculture ______· ______Loan authorizations ______R.R. 6868 ______Legislative______182,218,450 June 25 168,273,069 June 26 168,273,069 -13, 945,381 +28, 234,150 ______R.R. 7063 ______State, Justice, Commerce, Judiciary ______R.R. 7179 ______Defense ______Total, 1964 appropriations ______., 7,327,069, 450 ------7,221, 582, 719 ------7, 217, 432, 719 -109, 636, 731 +157, 742,600 ------6,045,466,000 ------101, 376,000 Total, all appropriations ______9,487, 541, 906 ------9,215,851,560 ------9,214,288, 560 -273, 253,346 +201, 734, 935 ------8,021,068,491 ------286, 245, 965 Total, loan authorizations ______(13,000,000) ------(6,000,000) ------(6,000,000) (-7, 000, 000) ------­ Total, contract authority ______(17 500,000) ------(-17, 500,000) ------

1 ShUted from budget for 1964, which was reduced accordingly. 2 Excludes Senate items. NoTE.-Totals reflect amounts approved and comparisons at latest stage of congressional action on each bill. 12022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 1, Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask It is-fitting that each ,year we should achieved. in recent days both a ,major unanimous consent to address the House pause, reflect, and pay homage to our agreeµient with the Government of for 1 minute. Founding Fathers whose wisdom brought France. and the signature of an agree­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there this great Nation into being, and rededi.:. ment with the United States which will objection to the reques,t of the gentleman cate ourselves to the principles which assist in the rehabilitation of rural areas from Iowa? they espoused and bequeathed to us in of Algeria. There_was _no objection_ perpetuity. , We, who celebrate our independence Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Speaker, I am al.. It seems to me, Mr. Speaker, that the from colonial rule on July 4, send our ways glad to hear our chairman, the reverence and patriotic fervor basic to best wishes for the future of this vital gentleman from Missouri [Mr. CANNON], commemoration of this historic day can young republic which celebrates its in­ who is chairman of the House Commit­ best be expressed by a national ringing dependence just 1 day . later on July tee on Appropriations, talk about the of bells throughout the land. 5 . . We look forward to years of fruitful road on which we are traveling at break­ I am joinec,i in my belief by members cooperation, based on the devotion of neck speed, the road to national bank­ of the Civitan Club of Homestead, the both our nations to the principles of the ruptcy. Delta Mu Chapter, Beta Sigma Phi, United Nations Charter. We note with I, too, have admonished the Congress Homestead, and various other civic or­ pleasure and pride that the day the Al­ of the United States on many occasions ganizations in the Fourth District of gerians have selected as their day of to make an about face before it is too Florida, of which I have the privilege rejoicing for their independence is so .. ate. and honor to be the Representative. By close to the day on which we in the Now, to give you a few figures which resolution, the Civitan Club of Home­ United States celebrate our independ­ will put this matter in focus a little bet­ stead, said: ence. ter. I am sure that not too many people The Civitan Club of Homestead resolves Mr. Speaker, this week we are hon­ realize that each American family today that it heartily favors the joint resolutions ored by a visit to_our country of the Hon­ must pay about $15 a month just to pay of Senator RmxcoFF, of Connecticut, and Rep­ orable E. P. Okoya, the distinguished the interest on the national debt. They resentative Walter, of Pennsylvania, pro­ Minister of Information of Eastern Ni­ must also pay about $25 a month just viding for observance of the anniversary of geria. We are honored by his pres­ the signing of the Declaration of Independ­ to pay the salaries of Federal employees. ence each year by the ringing of bells ence here and my own city of Chicago is We passe(~ a bill a few days ago, a mili­ throughout the United States and urges the eagerly looking forward to his visit there tary appropriation bill, which called for Florida delegations in the Senate and House before he returns to his own country. each American family to pay $75 a to support such resolution. It also urge~ 1;he For the House and especially for the Sub­ month. There in those three items alone Florida Legislature to adopt a similar resolu­ committee on Africa, I extend warm the American family, each American tion for a State observance of such anni­ greetings. - family, on an average will pay in the versary. This week we celebrate our liberation fl.seal year 1964, $115 every month. That In support of my belief, I am intro­ from colonialism. In 180 years that have brings it down to facts and figures that ducing today a House concurrent resolu­ passed since the attainment of our na­ most people can understand. That is to tion requesting Congress to declare that tional sovereignty the United States has say, this brings it down to facts 'and the anniversary of the signing of the become the first nation of the free world figures on what the people have to pay Declaration ef Independence should be in power, in wealth, and in influence. It above the many Federal expenditures observed each year by the ringing of bells is natural, Mr. Speaker, that we should that we are called on to appropriate for throughout the United States at the hour feel a . deep and abiding interest in the each year. of 2 o'clock- in the afternoon,. eastern new African nations. Theirs is , the daylight time, on July 4, and for a formal challenge that was ours when as a new ANNIVERSARY OF THE SIGNING OF­ call upon civic and other community sovereign nation we had to make our leaders to follow congressional leadership own way. As our United States met the THE DECLARATION OF INDE­ challenge, so in equal measure, with PENDENCE and to take appropriate steps to encour­ age public participation in such observ­ equal effort and dedication we have the Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask ance. faith that new independent nations of unanimous consent to extend my remarks Never in our long history, Mr. Speaker, Africa will meet their challenge. Every at this point in the RECORD. have we had greater reason nor a better step in their progress wm occasion re­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there occasion for establishing a national an­ joicing in every American heart. We, objection to the request of the gentleman nual tradition to express our recognition the first to break from colonialism, have from Florida? of and respect for the courage and fore­ so very, very much in common with these There was no objection. sight of our Founding Fathers and the nations, the last to break from colonial­ Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, we ap­ greatness of our people and our Nation. ism. proach July 4, 1963, the 187th anniver­ sary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia--a dedi­ NIGERIA AND ALGERIA SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, ROMAN catory first act of a new nation which Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, EMPEROR had set as its goal the exemplification I ask unanimous consent to address the Mr. WAGGONNER. Mr. Speaker, I of the innate dignity and, freedom of House for 1 minute. ask unanimous consent to address the man and his inherent right of liberty of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there House for 1 minute and to revise and movement, speech, press and religion. objection to the request of the gentleman extend my remarks. In 1776 our forefathers brought into from Illinois? The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there being a nation founded on the principle There was no objection. objection to the request of the gentleman that man is endowed by his Creator with Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speak­ from Louisiana? inalienable rights, among which is a er, as chairman of the African Subcom­ There was no objection. government of the people, by and with mittee, I have two happy annormcements Mr. WAGGONNER. Mr. Speaker, on the consent of the people, for the benefit to make to the House. One relates to Tuesday of last week, a colleague from of all the people. This was a new con­ Algeria and the other to Nigeria. the State of Illinois inserted in the CoN­ cept of political independence replacing The Republic of Algeria achieved its GRESSIONAL RECORD an attack upon Sena­ the centuries-old tradition of-priviieges independence in July, 1 year ago. The tor ALLEN J. ELLENDER, the senior Sena­ reserved to a minority of citizens spe­ Algerian nation has labored during its tor from my State of Louisiana. - He cially endowed by birth, education, re­ first year of independence success!ully attempted to castigate the good Senator ligion, or race. toward overcoming the grave problems of because of his statement that Africans Of all our national holidays, July establishing a new nation. Americans have never shown any ability to build or Fourth is enshrined as a hallowed mem­ admire the Algerian people for their to govern. He supported his amusing ory and living reminder of the birth of a drive to shape their own destinies and "refutation" by pointing with great pride great democratic idea which has con­ strengthen their national independence. to the record of the Roman Emperor, tinued to grow and expand, to bless not It is heartening and reassuring that Al­ Septimius Severus, who reigned from only the United States of America but all geria's relations with other nations have, A.D. 193 to A.D. 211 and, who, according mankind. in this first year of independence, to our colleague, was a Negro. 1963 CONGRESSIONAi: RECORD - HOUSE 12023 There is one authoritative biographer Senate may not be enough to save him tax-free recovery of that depleting capital of Septimius, Maurice Platmauer, whose if he should lose favor if there is a asset. "The Life and Reign of the Emperor Septimius the _second anywhere in the Since 1959, the lower courts have fol­ Lucius Septimius Severus" was the first wings. lowed the Supreme Court with nearly detailed account published in the Eng­ If he needs an example of the ability complete uniformity, and have held that lish language. It is 221 exhausting pages of the Negro to build a civilization and contractors extracting coal or other min­ in length, yet makes no mention of the guide his own destiny without the he1p erals from lands or leaseholds owned by Negroid ancestry of Septimius. Neither of the white race, he need look no fur­ another party are not entitled to any does "Methuen's History of the Greek ther than the island of Hispaniola and depletion deduction. This is the rule and Roman World" mention what would the 1963 Government of Haiti or recall originally intended by Congress when have been an extreme curiosity had Sep­ the stories which made the rounds re­ the equitable apportionment provision­ timius been a Negro. And, finally, Ed­ cently about one of the delegates from quoted above-was enacted. Such inten­ ward Gibbon. in his monumental "His­ an emerging nation who was, a few years tion has been reiterated by the action tory of the Decline and Fall of the ago, cubed and eaten by his fol1owers in of Congress with respect to depletion al­ Roman Empire" does not give any hint the belief that they would, in so doing, lowances-particularly depletion for that Septimius was a Negro. attain a portion of his superior intelli­ coal--on several .recent occasions. In Since these three world-renowned au­ gence. He might recall, also, another none of these revisions--the definition thorities do not make mention that Sep­ story told in the halls of the United Na­ of property in section 614 in 1954 and timius was a Negro, I think it is safe to tions of another emerging delegate who 1958, and the treatment of coal royal­ assume that he was not. Such an odd­ solved the perennial mother-in-law ties as capital gains in section 631 in ity would hardly have been overlooked problem by eating his. 1951 and 1954-has Congress given the by these meticulous historians. However weak the individual white s1ightest indication that so-called con­ Such an omission would be compa­ man, his ancestors produced the great­ tractors are entitled to a depletion al.:. rable to a modern historian failing to ness of Europe and America; however lowance. note that George Washington was a strong the individual black, his ances­ To give persons extracting minerals woman, had he been one, or that Fidel tors never lifted themselves from the under contract with the owners thereof Castro was, in reality, Carmen Miranda darkness of Africa. an allowance for depletion is as incon­ with a beard. One final observation on the reign of gruous as it would be to give the firm Be all this as it may, let us for a mo­ that noble and illustrious Roman and under contract to wash the windows of ment, but only for the sake of discussion, alleged Negro, Septimius Severus. His .an office building an allowance for de­ say this noble Roman was a Negro. reign began in 193 A.D. The world au­ preciation on the building. Before my colleague's .admiration thority, Edward Gibbon, dates the be­ The Court of Appeals for the Fourth swells out of all bounds, one or two facts ginning of the decline and fall of the Circuit, however, has recently fallen into should be brought to his attention. Roman Empire from almost that precise this error, in Elm Development Company Septimius was a follower and imitator moment in its glorious history. against Commissioner-March 19, 1963- of his predecessor, the Emperor Hadrian, in spite of guidance from the Supreme whose political philosophy was built on Court in the case of Parsons against supreme control by the Emperor of all APPORTIONMENT OF DEPLETION Smith, 1959. the internal organization of the Empire. ALLOWANCE Reversing the Tax Court, and reaching Methune's -''History of the Greek and Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, I ask a result contrary to that of a large num­ Roman World" says that: ''toward the unanimous consent to address the House ber of cases decided in that court and senate he adopted an attitude of deferen­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend in the Courts of Appeals for the Third tial respect, but at the same time, by my remarks. and Fifth Circuits, the Court of Appeals encroaching upon its spheres of adminis­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there for the Fourth Circuit allowed a coal tratitm, treated it as a negligible factor objection to the request of the gentleman contractor to deduct depletion. This in the Government." from Tennessee? case is especially incomprehensible be­ If .all this sounds familiar to my col­ There was no objection. cause the contract was terminable not league from Illinois, it may be because Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, H.R. 7307 only upon defa ult of the contractor, but Hadrian's theory of government has amends the Internal Revenue Codes of also in the event that the contract turned more than a passing resemblance to the 1939 and 1954 with respect to the ap­ out to be unprofitable to the leasehold philosophy of a more recent administra­ portionment of the depletion allowance owner. tion. between parties to contracts for the ex- The confusion caused by the Elm History indicates that Septimius . traction of minerals or the severance of · Development Co. case will undoubtedly plotted the assassination of his prede­ timber. lead to renewed harassment by the In­ cessor. It states without equivocation, The Internal Revenue Code now pro­ ternal Revenue Service of landowners that he seized power at the head of an vides-section 611(b) Cl)-and has pro­ and lessees who are rightfully entitled army, bought off the oppo.sition with lav­ vided for about 40 years: to the depletion allowance. To the ex­ ish payments and can be credited with In ,tbe case of' a lease, the deduction (!or tent that the contractors may be suc­ the slaughter of hundreds of thousands depletlont shall be equitably apportioned cessful in persuading the Service or the of his contemporaries. between tbe lessor and lessee. courts that their claims are valid, the I feel it is necessary, too, that I remind The courts have engrafted onto this Service of course may be expected to my colleague, who has such a reverence provision a concept called economic in­ press for disallowance of depletion de­ for Septimius, that one of the notable terest, under which they have allowed ductions claimed .by the true owners of occurrences during his reign was his call­ various other parties to claim some of the mineral in place. The latter are the ing to trial 64 members of the Roman the depletion allowance. In 1959, the persons to whom Congress intended to Senate and summarily executing .29 of Supreme Court sharply limited the allow depletion, in recognition of the them and confiscating their property. , economic interest concept, and denied fact that their capital was being di­ Again, Methune's History says: any depletion allowance to contractors minished by the extraction . of the The motive for this cruelty is hard to who extracted coal from the lands of mineral. discover and would seem to spring from others, without having acquired any in­ H.R. 7307 is a clarifying amendment, nothing else than a determination to abase terest in the coal in place by purchase or which will sett1e once and for all the the senate, which for 3 years be bad found lease from the landowners or their question of apportionment of depletion it politic to .conciliate, but now was strong lessees. allowances. It provide·s that no part of enough to despise .and treat as an instrument the depletion deduction shall be appor­ of his autocracy. In the 1959 case, Parsons v. Smith, 359 U.S. 215, the Supreme Court reviewed tioned to a contracting party who, first, This suggests to me that my colleague the history of the depletion deduction is neither .an owner nor a lessee of the might well keep his ey.e open for ,a and said: property; second, is .required by the con- modem day Septimius, should there be In sbort, tbe purpose of the depletion tract to deliver all units extracted · or one. The fact that my colleague is a deduction 1s to permit the owner of a capi­ .severed to another contracting party; member of the House rather than the tal interest in mineral in place to make a and third, is paid under the contract a 12024 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 1 fixed sum for each unit.so delivered­ brother.· As the. battle represents· the tive Na·tions,.Proclamation, as authorized the tonnage rate used in computing peak of bitterness in American history, by una:nimous · joint· resolution · of · the · which sum may vary according to mar­ so Lincoln's simple speech dedicating, Congress. Again this year, the White ket conditions-payment of which sum is· · the· resting place of the fallen repre-· House is letting the weeks slip by · in· a personal covenant of· sucn other con-· . sents ·' the peak in eloquent· compassion silence; . , . tracting party, enforcible without regard of an American statesman for his fellow · On the .other hQ.nd, it is interesting to the amount realized by such other Americans. to observe that the W.hite · House an­ contracting party from the disposition of nounced a· United.Nations Week months such units. · ahead, officially sanctioning the exten­ \VORST COST-PRICE SQUEEZE . IN sive preparations involved in its observ­ 24 YEARS ance. · ·The difference is obvious--the EXCESSIVE FEDERAL EXPEND!­ . TURES' ' Mr. FINDLEY. " Mr. Speaker, I ask Uni tea Nations week· does not offend the unanimous consent to address the House Kremlin; Captive Nations Week , does. Mr. CURTIS. Mr." S~ake~. J ask for 1 minute. The question aFises, what -is the idea unanimous consent to address the Hoqse The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there behind Captive Nations· Week which, so for 1 minute and to revise· and extend my · objection to the request of the gentleman infuriates Nikita Khrushchev and his -remarks. from Illinois? Communist ·henchmen, and which · our The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there There was no objection. ·· S-tate · Department apparently· also .bit- · objection to the request of the gentleman Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, the farm terly resists? The ·answer in a nutshell from Missouri? parity ratio information just released '.is that Captive Nations Week is a con- There was no objection. . by the Department of Agriculture shows . stant, goading reminder that commu­ Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, I had not · the lowest 6-month average since 1939. nism mJist take PY force wha.t it wants­ intended to say anything ,this morni_ng The 6-month .average is 77½. Parity .that men want to be free-that com1mi­ but I was intrigued by the statement· of ratio for June 15 just 'released over the ,nism . is doomed to ~eventual failure, the chairman of the House Committee weekend was 77, the same ·as May and because of the constant erosion by the on Appropriations and also by the rank­ March. In April it was 78. When Pres­ minds ·and wills of freemen against the ing minority member of that committee. ident Kennedy took office it was 80. dullness and drab enslavement of its I would like to believe that it is twinges Parity ratio shows the relationship be­ victims. Consequently, the Kremlin Qf conscience that . 1:>ring about these tween prices paid by farmers and prices gang at least once each year is jarred speeches. Apparently they make the received by farmers. It is far more sig­ by the ugly fact which Captive Nations speeches and I cast the vote. But let nificant than the level of commodity Week holds high before the world­ me assure my colleagues of the House ·prices. Farmers are clearly in the worst bloody force, not choice, is the implement that this question of continuing to vote cost-price squeeze in 24 years. of Communist expansion. more money than we have the ability to Now, the appeasers are at work. Their raise is creating serious damage to this foolish philosophy has been proven false country and is going to put us in a posi­ UNITED STATES SHOULD OBSERVE and dangerous throughout history. tion where, I regret to say, we will be a CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK Theirs is a simple plan--do not do any­ second-rate power in the world. thing that irks Khrushchev, he may turn The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under out to be a good guy, after all. What previous order of the House, the gentle­ obvious folly. Only· fuzzy-headed New GETTYSBURG ADDRESS COMMEMO-· man from Washington [Mr. PELLY] is Frontier State Department advisers RATIVE COIN recognized for 30 minutes. · could have such childish faith in this Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, the ad- . Pollyanna philosophy. The State De­ unanimous consent to extend my remarks ministration's foreign policy, annunci­ partment takes the position that we at this point in the RECORD. ated recently by President Kennedy in must not provoke the Kremlin by .-0ff er­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there a speech to American University, calls ing a ray of hope to its slaves. Secre­ objection to the request of the gentleman for reexamination of United States-So- tary of State Dean Rusk has. said, with­ from Illinois? viet. relations. reference to legislation establishing a There was no objection. This program, looking toward friendly Captive Nations Committee "the estab­ Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, on the coexistence with communism, would lishment of such a committee at this 100th anniversary of the first day of the seem to explain the administration's time would likely be a source of con­ Battle of Gettysbu!"g, I today introduced quiet repudiation of the onetime official tention" to the Soviet Union. Mr. Rusk a bill to have the U.S. mint commemo- week set aside each year by Presidential also stated: rative coins to honor the century anni- proclamation of Captive Nations Week. The U.S. Government's position is weak­ versary of Lincoln's Gettysburg Ad- In this connection, the propaganda ened by any action which confuses the dress. I have the honor to represent campaign being waged by the Depart­ rights of formerly independent peoples or Lincoln's hometown, Springfield, Ill., ment of State to cleanse the bloody nations with the status of areas, such as and much of the district which Lincoln countenance of Janos Kadar and some­ Ukraine, Armenia, or Georgia, which are once represented in Congress. how make light of his treachery, which traditional parts of the Soviet Union. The United States should have a suit- resulted in the torture and :nurder of Last year, Captive Nations Week was able coIIimemorative honor for the cen- · so many Hungarians, indicates that the downgraded by. the administration, to tury observance or the immortal Gettys- administration ~as ap~arently ab~n­ the extent it was almost completely in­ burg Address on November 19 of this doned the historic American dedication effective. This was especially true be­ year. The striking of a commemora- to universal freedom.- cause the President's proclamation was tive coin is a traditional means of mark- There are 17 million Americans who withheld until the last minute and theri ing an important national occasion. In were born behind the Iron Curtain, plus was announced with only a minimum of honor of the address a commemorative many additional first generation Ameri­ fanfare. Its impact was almost in re- coin was issued in 1938 on the 75th cans from Eastern Europe, who are . verse. It was issued only as a politically anniversary. known to be anti-Communist. Scores motivated sop to the millions of people My bill would authorize the coining of of ethnic newspapers, in addition to the in the United States of Eastern European 250,000 50-cent pieces whose design activities of their countless clubs and extraction, who should be justly angered would be decided by the Director of organizations, are proof positive of this at the pending sellout of Hungary. It the Mint and the Secretary of the Treas- statement. appears they will get another just slap ury. They would bear the date of the Yet, this sentiment has been largely in the face this year, when Captive Na­ year in which they were minted and ignored by the Federal Government. tions Week is either abandoned, or is would be issued on special request. We are now approaching the fourth an- buried in marshmallow phrases, vague With all its tragic bloodshed, misery, niversary of Captive Nations Week, set references to freedom, and careful avoid­ and destruction, the Battle of Gettysburg for July 16 to July 23. Last year, the ance of any mention whatsoever of na­ was the climax of the war which pitted White House waited until practically tions held captive by international com­ American brother against American the last minute before issuing the Cap- munism. 1963· CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 12025· Former President Dwight Eisenhower w~, whose heritage is the glorious lie agencies. Many .stressed govern­ started Captive N-ations . week· in 1959~ story of men who fought ·with raw cour­ ment-to-government programs. Far In his first proclamation, Eisenhower age for freedom, owe to those under the fewer discussed the vast role which p-ri- . said:1 heel of totalitarianism the moral support· vate enterprise can play in uplifting · Many nations throughout the world•have ­ which recognition of· their plight and dis-· world nutritional level$. been 'm&de captive by the imperia.llstic ·and sem1nation of the story to the rest of ,the In the latter connections. our col- . aggressive policies of Soviet communism. world wlli bring. leagues may be particularly interested in As the time for Captive Nations Week the ,statesmanlike propasals from the He said that: draws near, lt wlll be up to those who private industry sector as made by Mr. Soviet-dominated nations have been de­ cherish American Ideals and principles to Paul May, a Swiss, who is chairman of prived of their national independence and plan observances, to extend every effort Knorr Food Products Co. individual liberties. · to publicize here and abroad the theme Knorr Soups, as I pointed out to this He made no bones about who was re­ of this week-to tell the world that the body last year, represent a more or less sponsible for the enslavement of many light of freedom stlll burns, that Ameri­ unique phenomenon these days: Techni­ small nations. He branded the Russians cans believe there is still hope. Leader­ cal assistance µi_ reverse. These qehy­ as slave masters. ship in our Nation fails, but the people drated soups, a new product in our mar­ Last year's Captive Nations deciaration themselves· must act. kets, were developed in Europe. They was doctored by the State Department. It is regrettable and humiliating that are now being manufactured at Argo, Ill. All references to communism were de­ this must be done despite the openly ad­ These new products h-ave created many leted. It mumbled about "just aspira­ mitted opposition of our own Govern­ hundreds of new American jobs directly tions of all people for national independ­ ment. But the ·once-free people of the in manufacturing-plus many hundreds ence and freedom"-a wishy-washy heap captive nations will understand, as we more in warehousing, distribution, sales, of generalities so typical of the butter­ the people of the United States ourselves and the like. pat softies at the State Department understand their plight. But, and also important to our free today. .Mr. STINSON. Mr. Speaker, will the competitive system, the other American As previously pointed out, the admin­ gentleman yield? soup companies have now started to istration has strongly opposed. the setting Mr. PELLY. I yield. come out with their own brands of new. up of a Captive Nations Committee ip the Mr. STINSON. I would like to asso­ dehydrated soups-thus creatlng numer- . Congress. Again, fear of upsetting ciate myself with the remarks of my col­ ous new jobs all acr.oss the United States. Khrushchev, and perhaps stirring up a league from Washington State. I think This is the American way. torrid call over the hot line appears to his speech very ably points up the com­ It is for these reasons that I believe all be the motivation for this kind of re­ plete lack of willingness on the part of Members of this body wlll wish to study examination of our relationship with the administration to attempt to thwart the following summary of the thought- Russia. communism and to recognize the en­ ful rem~rks of Mr. May: · .What is to be gained by placating the slaved people of the eastern European FAO UBGED To FACILITATE P1JIVATE FOOD IN- neighborhood bully? Only fools would area. No initiative to fully demonstrate DUSTRY'S CooPERATIO?f IN W.oaLD WAR ON fall to understand that appeasement, America's indignation is to be found in HUNGER-INDUSTRY LLUSO.N COMMITTEE AND even when it is euphemistically called ac­ today's adminlstration---only an appar­ 1965 WoRLD Fooi> YEAa PRoPosED com?I?-odation, .invites more aggression. ent willingness to make further accom­ WASHINGTON, D.C., June 7, 1963.-A call Retreat invites accelerated advances by modations to the Soviet Union. We to developing nations to create climates of communism. Exhibition of the fear of should not forget that the Soviet Union freedom with order 1n which the business know-how of the private food industry can confrontation, of truth as it exists, in­ is striving to have the United States .in­ work !ully and effectively was voiced here vites duplicity and firming up of Com­ cluded in its list of captive nations. It today before the World Food Congress. Paul munist rule. is indeed difficult to believe that just 4 May, veteran Swiss .!ood company executive, Soviet Russia has one great fear­ short years ago, when our President was cited this as essential to solvin_g the hunger truth. The Kennedy administration is a Member of the Senate, Congress unani­ problem in these nations and accelerating accommodating the Soviets by sup­ mously endorsed the idea of observing their economic growth. pressing the truth about captive nations. Captive Nations Week. I wish to thank To !ocus worldwide effort and attention to­ my colleague for making this wonderful ward these ends, 'Mr. May submitted three Docile in the meadow, the lambs of the recommendations to the Congress: State Department hope to evade the at­ statement. 1. Creation by the Food and Agricultural tention of the voracious wolves of the Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, I thank my Organization of the United Nations of an in­ Kremlin. colleague from the State of Washington ternational liaison .committee with the pri­ Mr. Speaker, I urge all Americans ·to and for his remarks. vate sector of the food industry to harness observe Captive Nations Week this year the resources o! the food industry in all with more gusto than ever, and restore countries to human needs !or food within to 1t its true meaning, as once expressed HOW TO MOBILIZE FORCES TO speoiftc nations; ERADICATE HUNGER FROM THE 2. United Nations designation of 1965 as by ex-President Eisenhower. I urge that World Food Year; and we refuse to allow it to be squelched by .WORLD a. Appointment by FAO of a. recognized the pall1d utterances and perfunctory Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I ask leader of the private sector of the interna- pronouncements of an administration . t t tional food industry to assist FAO in bring- acting under the misguided advice of unarumous consen tha the gent1 eman ing together the food productive resources State Department appeasers. from ffiinois [Mr. DERWINSKI] may ex- of the world to fight hunger. Stephen Vincent Benet expressed the tend his remarks at this point in the Assuring the Congress of private industry's RECORD and include extraneous matter. willingness to cooperate, the chairman of true concept of the brotherhood of man . The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Knorr Food Products Co., an affiliate o! Corn which our sympathy characterizes for objection to the request of the gentleman Product.s Co., told his international audience: those who seek and want freedom. He from Kansas? "The food industry wants to work in the said: There was no objection. developing countries, if they wm welcome Grant us brotherhood, not only for this it. The industry wants to be associated with day but for all our years-a brotherhood not Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, in the business people in these areas 1n the of words but of acts and deeds. We are all of recent weeks, at the vast World .Food . operation of modern · food product enter_. us children of earth-grant us that simple Congress, scores of speakers have ad- prises." knowledge. U: our brothers are oppressed, dressed the assembly.. The problem on He cited the food industry's "active par­ the.n we are oppressed. I! they hunger, we which they spoke to the hundred-plus ticipation in such enterprises" .as "the only hunger. If their freedom is taken away, our national delegations was one: Eradica- way" in which indispensable .skills in such freedom is not secure. tion of hunger from the world. fields as market analysis, new product devel- opment, storage, packaging, and distribution That should be the ·grim reminder to The capabilities and technical com- can be put to work on the problem. all Americans, that regardless of the petences necessary to achieve this aim In an elaboration o! the essential receptive sophistry of the New Frontier, as long as clearly exist. "The question is: How to climate which he labeled "freedom with there are captive nations, we in America mobilize these forces to do the job. ,order," Mr. May explained t-hat "it is a .sys~ ourselves are in danger of becoming cap­ Many speakers , at the Congress tem in whiph ideologies or dogmati-0 con:vic­ tives. stressed more use of international pub- tions about the manner in which things 12026. C0NGRESSI0NAL. ·RECORD - ''HOUSE· July· 1 must be done are submerged in the tangible effective· communication between men of the area had a limited opportunity:' .to processes of getting things ·done . stature on both sides. . make:kno.wn.their views during the vari-: . "The private sector does not demand mo­ The accumuiated evidence thus , far, ous stages of· the · plan's : development .. nopoly, special privilege or freedom from competition, the · food company executive from studies by. Federal agencies . and This.·. plan calls for, first, the ·purchase continued, but rather is prepared to compete private concerns hired by the .Feci~rai and · demolition . by the District of Co­ with each other to the benefit of the world's Government, indicates that the perfidy lumbia Redevelopment Land ,Agency of undernourished peoples. of Uncle Sam will cost· him plenty in about 22 percent of· the. total arcea; ·sec­ "Wliat the private sector cannot compete this case. Those of us who opposed the ond, the clearance and rebuilding of a against," he asserted, "are governments un-' project warned that estimated Kinzua sizable part of the. 18th and Columbia willing to provide freedom with order. It costs ignored the necessity of special Road business -section; the. displacement. does not look for favors when going into business in a new country. But it does ex­ damages to the Indians. Those special of 141 businesses; the displacement of pect a trustful attitude on the part of the . damages must be paid. · 1,585 families including some 5,700 per­ various departments concerned-agriculture, The bill I have introduced authorizes a sons, roughly one-third of the popula­ finance, labor, production, education. Nat­ total of $13,264,052 for all specific dam­ tion; and the expenditure of $13,137,000 urally,' whether or not it continues to merit ages to the Senecas. for demolition alone. this trust depends on performance. · I have also included an authorization The total net cost of the Government "And I admit that there is sometimes a for a Williamsburg-type development in subsidy for clearance, "writedowns" in suspicion of the motives of foreign industries resale of property to developers, provi­ seeking to go into business in these nations. the Hotchkiss Run area, based on histori­ But has not the time come to put aside these cal portrayal of the Indian culture, heri­ sion of public improvements and other suspicions? tage, and concept of life. The so-called work is estimated at $21 million. Of this "What we bring," Mr. May declared, "is not Brill study, recommending such an imag­ amount, the Federal Government· would a new colonialism. It is an offer to develop­ inative and intriguing development for pay two-thirds, and the District govern­ ing nations everywhere to enter frankly and the area, has not provided sufficient data ment one-third. fully into a world of international economic to justify full approval of this project by The questions which the·Congress must· development, a world in which they them­ the Congress at this time. It is my hope selves will be full partners." address itself to in connection with this . Similar proposals for an FAQ-industry that further and more complete infor­ Adams-Morgan plan are threefold:. liaison committee and a world food year were mation will be available soon. I have in­ First, since the origin~! intent of the made last September before the Fifth In­ cluded in ·my bill the overall Brill figure Congress in establishing the urban re­ ternational Food Congress in New York City of $29 million for development costs so newal program was to clear·our cities of by William T. Brady, chairman of Corn Prod­ that the whole matter may be considered slums we should try and determine if the ucts Co., and Dr. B. R. Sen, Director Gen­ by the Indian Affairs Subcommittee as Adams-Morgan area is a slum area. Sig­ eral of FAO. soon as possible. nificantly, evidence shows it is not. . Unless the private ·sector of the world · We are now facing a very real danger Second, under· the urban renewal economy is brought into the fight against that facilities for schools, roa4s, and program cities are required to pay a hunger-and under fair and equitable housing will not be available to the Sen­ third of the cost. However, an article in terms of trade, as Mr. May suggests, this ecas when flooding begins. Congress the June 1963 issue of the Reader's Di.. problem of world hunger-may never be must have the facts, before it authorizes gest charges that while the law requires solved. expenditure of money. The facts have cities to pay a third of the cost 'they are not been available and are only partially being told "covertly, that the new school, available now. Under these unusual cir­ the sewer, the park-which they were COOPERATIVE COUNCIL RECOM­ cumstances, I am introducing my bill to­ MENDATION COULD AID SENECA going to build or had built anyhow, and day without full p.ata, in. orq.er that which have no connection with slum INDIANS legislative delays can be minimized when clearance--can be· counted toward the Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I ask all the facts are available to us. city's contribution.'' The Congress will unanimous consent that the gentleman therefore, want to closely study a · May from New York [Mr. GOODELL] may ex­ THE ADAMS-MORGAN URBAN 1959 report to the Congress by the Comp­ tend his remarks at this point in tp.e troller General of the United States RECORD and include extraneous matter. RENEWAL PROJECT based on an audit of the District of Co­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I ask lumbia Redevelopment Land Agency for objection to the request of the gentleman unanimous consent that the gentleman the fiscal years 1957 and 1958 which is from Kansas? from New Jersey [Mr. WIDNALL] may ex­ ;revealing. · · · There was no objection. tend his remarks at this point in the Third, bec.ause of the special . rela­ Mr. GOODELL. Mr. Speaker, I have RECORD and include extraneous matter. tionship which .the Congress has with today introduced a bill providing pay­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there the District of Columbia, the Congress ment to the Seneca Nation of Indians objection to the request of the gentleman will want· to thoroughly consider alterna­ of direct and indirect damages for the from Kansas? tive plans to conserve and rehabilitate taking of their lands in the building of There was no objection. the Adams-Morgan area. - Plans, fur­ the Kinzua Dam. The bill provides for Mr. WIDNALL. Mr. Speaker, the thermore, which might save the Federal relocation, housing, education, special Board of Commissioners of the District Government all or most of the $14 mil­ scholarships, and a tentative plan for of Columbia has scheduled public hear­ lion which the present Adams-Morgan recreation and tourist development. ings today and tomorrow, July 1 and 2, urban renewal plan would cost Federal Maximum development of the potential 1963, on an urban renewal plan for the taxpayers. of this project, for the benefit of the Adams-Morgan area of the District of With regard to the question - as to Senecas and. the area, absolutely requires Columbia.· The main question to be de­ whether the Adams-Morgan area is a the full cooperation and understanding cided is ·Whether the legal powers of ur­ slum area or not, it is important to note of all parties. Accordingly, it is my rec- ban renewal should be applied to this 40- that the District government in ·1958 . ommendation that cooperative council block section covering ·237 acres of some filed an application for a $125,000 be formed immediately with equal rep­ of the choicest real estate in the Nation. "demonstration grant" from the Hous­ resentation for the Senecas and Cat­ What this means, basically, is that if ing and Home Finance Agency. The taraugus County. Such a council should the Commissioners of the District of Co­ District's application stated that: · meet regularly in a constructive, friendly, lumbia approve this urban renewal plan Our application is for a demonstration and informative manner, thus provid­ all property within the project's bound­ project to deal With techniques of develop -:­ ing an ideal vehicle for dissipating suspi­ aries will be subjected to the powers of ing, managing, and sustaining Joint govern­ cions on both sides. eminent domain for a period of 20 years mental and citizen action in the elimination Both the Senecas and the county have or more. and control of blight in ari urban neighbor­ a vital stake in this development. We · The urban renewal plan for the Ad­ hood which shows signs of deterioration but must avoid unnecessary frictions and which is not yet so blighted as to warrant ams-Mor·gan area was developed by the redevelopment procedures. Essentially, this animosities. It is my conviction that National Capital Planning Commission is a proposal to help the residents help many of the differences of the past few and the Dj.strict of Columbia Redevelop­ themselves, not only for the duration of the months arose primarily from a lack· of ment Land Agency, and · the citizens of project, .but for years to come. 1968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 12027 The $125·,000 demonstration grant· was warning states that which Congressman scheme to get their own business properties made within a few months, and the terms Rabaut recognized nearly 5 years ago. redeveloped at public expense. · of its contract stated that it was to be The Rabaut blll was designed to improve Recently the New York Times reported urban renewal operations, to prevent un­ that the Federal Housing Agency (HHFA) used to "develop and demonstrate meth­ necessary expenditure of public funds, and had granted funds for rehabilitation of some ods and techniques of planning, orga­ to expedite completion of redevelopment of New York City's large old homes--homes nizing, managing, and sustaining joint work. The House of Representatives ap­ which are similar to some of those in the governmental and citizen action in the proved the Rabaut bill by a 10-to-1 rollcall Adams-Morgan are~and their conversion elimination, control, and prevention of vote. The bill was tabled by the other body. into middle- and lower-income multiple­ blight in an urban neighborhood showing family houses. This is being done, it was signs of deterioration but not yet so STATEMENT OF THE LANIER PLACE PROTECTIVE said, on an experimental basis, and the argu­ to AsSOCIATION AT THE HEARING HELD BT THE ment was advanced that this conversion blighted as warrant redevelopment BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS, DISTRICT OF CO­ could be done and homes provided at a cost procedures." LUMBIA, ON THE ADAMS-MORGAN URBAN RE­ of around 35 percent less than in new hous­ What has happened in the short pe­ NEWAL PROJECT, JULY 1 AND 2, 1963 ing built from the ground up. Why couldn't riod since to warrant a demolition proj­ The members of the Lanier Place Protec­ this be done in parts of Adams-Morgan, rath­ ect costing $13,137,000 involving 22 per­ tive Association would like to address you not er than turning to expensive demolition cent of the total Adams-Morgan area, as experts on urban renewal, which we are which will necessarily destroy the character the displacement of 141 businesses, and not, but as residents and taxpayers of the of this fine intown area? one-third of the population? District of Columbia who are particularly We are not against urban renewal, per se. interested in upgrading the Adams-Morgan Mr. Carl L. Shipley, District Republican Com­ An interesting and informed statement area. mittee chairman, voiced the thoughts of on the Adams-Morgan Urban Renewal We are, of course, deeply interested in many of us when he said on June 25, accord­ Project has been prepared by the leaders this area which has long been our home, and ing to a report in the Washington Daily of the Lanier Place Protective Associa­ where we hope to continue to live. For this News that "the Adams-Morgan project will tion for submission to the Board of Com­ reason, we have more than n. passing interest unjustifiably displace businesses," and that missioners of the District of Columbia. in what urban renewal will do to us, and to "we cannot afford to lose $1 of businees I include it here for the information of others living in this area. taxes, one job, or one business." Mr. Shipley my colleagues who are called upon to The Adams-Morgan area has severai well­ declared that the Adams-Morgan area is one defined and historic neighborhoods within of the most convenient in the District and approximate tax money to the Housing it, none of which could possibly be described should be preserved at all costs. We agree and Home Finance Agency and who as slums. wholeheartedly. What can, in fact, be said have a right to expect that it will be Lanier Place is located in what was orig­ to justify a plan which will displace 141 spent wisely and judiciously and not inally known as the Lanier Heights area. businesses, and cause a loss of 1,500 jobs, thrown away. I also include the open­ Many famous people have lived on the street businesses which do a total gross of tens of ing remarks of our able colleague, the including Al Jolson, who lived at 1787 Lanier millions of dollars annually, have payrolls of gentleman from Texas [Mr. Downy] at Place, which home still stands. Lanier Place several millions of dollars, and pay hundreds is a part of area C of the Adams-Morgan proj­ of thousands of dollars in taxes to the Dis­ the District of Columbia Subcommittee's ect. This area C includes Crescent Place with trict government? hearings on urban renewal in Wash­ its m1111on-dollar hotels, apartment houses, The Adams-Morgan urban renewal project ington. and townhouses, including the home of Mrs. has not been studied by the D.C. Redevelop­ STATEMENT OF REPRESENTATIVE JOHN DOWDY Eugene Meyer. It also includes the site once ment Land Agency with a view to ascertain-. OF TEXAS AT THE OPENING OF HEARINGS BY occupied by the home known as Henderson ing the cost to the District of this displace­ THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA SUBCOMMITTEE, Castle. Sixteenth Street, familiarly known ment. Why not? These businesses will go ON MARCH 18, 1963, ON THE SoUTHWEST as "Embassy Row," is also in area C; as is to the suburbs, and suburbanites do not WASHINGTON URBAN RENEWAL PROJECT the great Church of Jesus Christ of the Lat­ pay for the upkeep of the city's vital services I believe that I speak for each member ter-day Saints; the former home of Marshall even though they benefit from them every of the House Committee on the District of Field; the Ontario Theater; and the Italian time they come to the District. These costs Columbia in stating that it is our desire Embassy and chancery. Also located in this are saddled on District residents, and add that any urban renewal program in the Dis­ area are scores of the city's leading small greatly to the cost of city living. trict of Columbia should command the re­ businessmen. Forty percent of the small businessmen spect and approval of the residents of the The Kalorama Triangle, located between who have been displaced in the District of District and metropolitan area. Columbia Road and Connecticut Avenue, is Columbia by Government action, including one of the finest closein residential neigh­ urban renewal, have failed in their new loca­ The redevelopment program should also borhoods in Washington. Like Lanier command the attention and admiration of tions. This rate of failure is 60 percent Heights, it has long been an important part higher than the national average, according the people in all of the States who contrib­ of Washington and many famous people ute to local government costs through the to a telegram sent to President Kennedy by have lived in it, including President Eisen­ Mr. Joseph J. Honick, executive director of Federal contribution to the District and hower. Early this year it was the subject of through the Federal grants for urban the Adams-Morgan Light Commercial In­ a major magazine article in the Sunday Star. stitute. renewal. None of the pictures of its fine houses which The District of Columbia is an area of The Washington Post on Sunday, June 30, were published by the Star has ever appeared reported that the Adams-Morgan area has about 40,000 acres. Only a little more than in the publications of the National Caphal 13,000 acres of this area are available for more than 17,000 people including 7,400 Planning Commission, or the District of Co­ Negroes, and that one of the principal dis­ private housing and business uses. Urban lumbia Redevelopment Land Agency, pos­ renewal, highway construction, and mass ~ppointments of the official plan is that it sibly because if they were published therein will displace an estimated 1,585 fam1lies, in­ transportation programs underway or pend­ they might possibly destroy . the carefully ing may call for expenditures of in excess cluding some 5,700 persons-about one­ nurtured myth that the Kalorama Triangle third of the Adams-Morgan population. The of $3 billion in the next 15 years. is a slum area badly in need of Federal ur­ Coordination of these programs and their same article says that housing beyond re­ ban renewal aid. pair in the area (a category that includes efficient execution is essential. Area Bis bounded by Columbia Road on 993 of the 6,712 dwelling units) will be The urban renewal program in the Dis­ the west, one of the finest streets in Wash­ demolished. One thousand five hundred trict has been underway for 12 years. The ington. The Wyoming Apartments, the Ar­ new apartment units will be built to re­ Southwest projects, which were the first un­ gonne Apartments, the new Riggs bank, the place the housing which is demolished, with dertaken, are only about 50 percent com­ new Giant and Safeway stores, the new Avig­ the middle-income· tenant in mind. · pleted. Expenditures of public funds in the none Freres are located on Columbia Road. The members of the Lanier Place Protec­ Southwest now approach $100 million. Area B also includes Mr. Cafritz' huge Uni­ tive Association are deeply disturbed by the The Engineering Commissioner for the Dis­ versal Buildings. The immense luxury figure of $13,137,000 for the demolition trict has warned that the Distriqt is facing hotel of the Hilton hotel chain is being a shortage of noncash grants-in-aid and built in area B---the Washington Hilton. phase of the Adams-Morgan project, a figure that cash funds wm have to be sought soon It has been said with some justification which, the· Washington Star reported on for continuing the urban renewal program. that these fine residential areas listed above June 15, was given by Mr. Phil A. Doyle, During the 86th Congress, the House Dis­ have been included in the Adams-Morgan executive director of the Redevelopment trict Committee held hearings on legisla­ project for the simple reason that certain Land Agency, to the Subcommittee on the tion amending the Redevelopment Act in­ businessmen who are the project's major District of Columbia, headed by Congress- troduced by- the late Hon. Louis Rabaut, backers realized that to get their business man JOHN DOWDY. - of Michigan. Congressman Rabaut, as chair­ area at 18th Street and Columbia. Road re­ This $13 million plus demolition figure man of the District of Columbia Subcom­ developed they would need to include disturbs us because this entire program be­ mittee on Appropriations, knew intimately ·enough residential areas to make Adams­ ·gan as ·a conservation and rehabilitation of the probleinS in the urban renewal pro­ Morgan look like a better place to live pro}· movement and demolition and redevelop­ gram. The Engineering, Commissioner's ·ect rather than what it really -is: a. clever ·ment wasn:t even, contemplated. 12028 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE . July 1 The Sunday Star set forth the hist.ory of reminded that, after all, we are paying taxes afford t,o pay for it. At the same time, we the matter in a roundup article on June 80. . and if we don't. get this easy Federal money have the report by the Comptroller General. ,t\ctive concern for part.a of the area goes some other far less deserving city will. on how the District has paid for urban re­ back to the mid-1950's, and the formation of In this connection, we would like to call newal' ih' southwest Washington; · and we the Adams-Morgan Better Neighborhood to your attention an article in the June have the quiet determination of leading Conference, in which members of the Lanier 1963, issue of Reader's Digest on the self. Members or:-Gongress to put an end to some Place Protective Association were active. In help, non-Federal urban renewal program in· of the lioisoine :and patently shady practice response to this movement the District gov­ Indianapolis, Ind. There, Democratic Mayor of the Redevelopment Land Agency am:l the ernment in 1958 filed an application for a Albert H. Losche believes that the citizens of District regarding urban renewal. The far­ $125,000 "demonstration grant," from the California, Kansas, or New York have no ranging hearings of the House District Com­ Housing and Home Finance Agency, which obligation to help clean up the slums and mittee are· further evidence of the congres­ stated: blighted areas of Indianapolis. He says sional interest in urban renewal programs "Our application is for a demonstration "It's our job, and we intend to take care which have no possible connection with project to deal with techniques of developing, of it." This is what the Adams-Morgan slum clearance. managing, and sustaining joint governmental Better Neighborhood Conference had in Only a few months ago there was a long and citizen action in the elimination and mind. In view of the soaring $300 billion and skillfully directed campaign carried on control of blight in an urban neighborhood national debt, and the city's need for schools, by the National Capital Planning Commis­ which shows signs of deterioration but which as well as for a meaningful welfare program, sion to show that Georgetown needed an is not yet so blighted as to warrant rede­ we don't believe that the case for a $13 urban renewal program in the worst way. velopment procedures. Essentially, this is a million demolition program has been proved. Fortunately, for Georgetown, and for the proposal to help the residents help them­ Indianapolis is fortunate in having a District of Columbia, the Commissioners de­ selves, not only for the duration of the proj­ strong, aggressive chamber of commerce cided that other things such as schools and ect, but for years to come." managed by a forthright individualist, Mr. welfare had higher priorities. The $125,000 demonstration grant was William H. Book who reminds us what the Surely, if the Commissioners took the made by the Federal Government. The terms aims of the Congress were in setting up the trouble to walk through area A, along Co­ of the contract stated that it was to be used urban renewal program in the first place. lumbia Road, 16th Street, Crescent Place, to develop and demonstrate methods and He says: Lanier Place and saw the fine housing, if they techniques of planning, organizing, and sus­ "Originally, urban redevelopment was to visited the business places in the Adams­ taining joint governmental and citizen ac­ clear our cities of slums. Today it's being Morgan area including the new Riggs Bank tion in the elimination, control, and preven­ expanded to save our downtowns-every­ and the recently completely and expensively tion of blight in an urban neighborhood body's downtown. Not only are Federal offi­ remodeled Avignone Freres at 18th Street showing signs of deterioration but not yet so cials dishing out this money; they are dili­ and Columbia Road, they would see for blighted as to warrant redevelopment pro­ gently searching for willing recipients. • • • themselves how far this is from a slum area. cedures. Cities are required to pay a third of the cost, They could only conclude that the step they What has happened in the short period but they are told, covertly, that the new took in Georgetown with regard to the water­ since to warrant a demolition project of school, the sewer, the park-which they front in turning down the urban renewal the magnitude of $13 million? were going to build or had built anyhow, program there is the only step they could Adams-Morgan has not and could not pos­ and which have no connection with slum take with regard to the Adams-Morgan proj­ sibly deteriorate and decay that fast. A clearance-can be counted toward the city's ect. $13 mlllion demolition program has no pos­ contribution." Furthermore, the case for turning down sible relation with or to the original stated Something like this seems to have been the Adams-Morgan project is stronger, be­ purposes of the Adams-Morgan project and going· on here in the District of Columbia, cause the history of this project shows that it is our hope that the Board of Commis­ according to the May 1959 report to the the 1958 application by the Board of Com­ sioners, District of Columbia, will. not buy Congress by the Comptroller General of the missioners of the District of Columbia was this "goldbrick" or accept it even as a gift. United States based on an audit of the for a $125,000 demonstration grant to de­ The Lanier Place Protective Association District of Columbia Redevelopment Land velop "joint governmental and · citizen ac­ members would like to call the attention of Agency for the fiscal years 1957 and 1958. tion in the elimination and control of blight the Commissioners of the District of Co­ The Sunday Star of June 30 brought this in an urban neighborhood which shows signs lumbia to the fact that some of the leaders situation right up to date by reporting in of deterioration but which is not yet so in the Adams-Morgan Urban Renewal project its roundup article on Adams-Morgan that blighted as to warrant redevelopment have recently bought properties on Lanier "in a report to the Commissioners last Fri­ procedures." Place and that they have not kept those day, RLA said the District's share would not If we do not need a $21 million urban properties up. In fact, they have let them be needed in cash but could be financed renewal program of which $13 million would run down, and they have plowed up the partly by District work done in the area and be spent for demolition, leaving only $8 back gardens of the fine homes they acquired partly from carryover credits for city work million for buildings, then we must ask our­ and converted them to illegal hard-top com­ done in other urban renewal areas." selves what the "joint governmental and mercial parking lots. We have had a con­ We understand that the General Account­ citizen action in the elimination and con­ stant running battle with these people be­ ing Office will shortly release a series of nine trol of blight" in the Adams-Morgan area fore the boards and agencies of the District major studies of these and similar practices might consist of. government in an effort to preserve the resi­ in other cities. In addition, lawyers from The Reader's Digest article on Indianap­ dential character of Lanier Place. We shud­ the General Accounting Office have worked olis' urban renewal program points to some der to think what would happen if these with two leading Members of Congress in possible answers, and it warns us about same people were to get in control of re­ developing new bills to put an end to this what is wrong with the Federal urban re­ development in Adams-Morgan through such practice in Washington and elsewhere. newal program in these words: "It destroys self-serving procedures as the A-M Corp. On We submit for study by the Board of Com­ the responsibility and incentive .of local the basis of our experience with these gentle­ missioners of the District of Columbia a copy officials, who should have to account for men, in our opinion there isn't a home or a of the report by the Comptroller General what they spend and justify its need in business in the Adams-Morgan area which of the United States on his audit of the the taxes they levy. It bails out the busi­ would be safe from demolition. District of Columbia Redevelopment Land nessman whose downtown investment has We are convinced that the present plan Agency to which we have referred. gone sour. It gives the smart operator ac­ should be put on the shelf at this time, and In addition, we also submit the follow­ cess to the Federal Treasury, so that he that the Board of Commissioners of the ing bills: H.R. 7144 and H.R. 7145 by Con­ becomes the owner of a great new apart­ District should insist on the adoption of the gressman Wn.LIAM B. WmNALL; and H.R. ment center with little or no risk of his concepts embodied in the $125,000 demon­ 7318 and H.R. 7319 by Congressman JOHN own money. With such vast sums of money stration grant--in other words, joint govern­ KYL. involved, this is ideal hunting ground for mental and citizen action in the elimination, This report by the Comptroller General the 'fast buck' operator." control, and prevention of b1ight in an ur­ and these bills by Congressmen WmNALL and The first thing that is needed is enforce­ ban' neighborhood showing signs of deteri­ KYL will be of particular interest to the ment of the District's Housing Code. The oration but not yet so blighted as t,o warrant Board of Commissioners of the District of Washington Post has been digging into this, redevelopment procedures. Columbia, as they consider whether the and its articles should be must reading for For some time now those of us in the District can afford to pay for the Adams­ the Board of Commissioners, District of Adams-Morgan area who are firm in our con­ Morgan urban renewal project in the light Columbia. viction that this would be the better course, of much more pressing needs such as schools We submit herewith an article from the have been subjected to a sustained and bit­ and welfare. Washington Post of June · 30, entitled "En­ ter campaign o! vllification. our leaders We have the assurances by Mr. Phil A. forcement of District Housing Code Is Lag­ have been threatened, efforts have been made Doyle of . the Redevelopment Land Agency ging." This article states that lenience to­ to get them fired from their jobs, the news­ that the District of Columbia can afford to ward :flouters of the city's minimum stand­ papers use such terxr..s as "violent opponents pay for the Adams-Morgan project, and we ards for health and safety in housing has of the official plan" in describing us, and have the publicly expressed doubts of Brig. meant that: print stories about efforts to hang us in Gen. Frederick J. Clarke, Engineer Commis­ "Hundreds of families live in dilapidated effigy. Meanwhile we are being constantly sioner, as to whether the District can really dwellings waiting in vain for the repairs that 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 12029 inspectors have ordered their _landlords to units at 2700 Adams Mill Road, This apart­ Why is such favoritism shown slum land­ make. Countless violations are never discov­ ment house alone would cost more than twice lords by the District government, while build­ ered because the city's 84 housing inspectors as much as the entire Adams-Morgan urban ers who want to put up apartment buildings spend hundreds of·frultless hours trying to renewal project wm have available for apart­ are harassed and. their building permits can­ persuade reluctant persons to correct viola­ ment and other building after it spends $13 celed? tions. Blight continues to spread through million of its proposed $21 million for demo­ Let us point ~ut that many new apart­ the , city although the Housing Division has lition. The Shapiro project will not cost the ment buildings are now being built with a budget of more than $700,000 a year. At Federal or District Governments one red cent express train speed south of Washington in least 70 people, most of them defenseless in taxpayers moneys; it will, instead, pay as Virginia, and north of Washington in Mary­ infants, are bitten by rats every year. Untold much as an estimated $500,000 in taxes alone land while, at the same time, private build­ rat bites never come to public attention. to the District government. The project ing of apartments and other housing in the Congressman ABRAHAM J. MuLTER held would provide reasonably priced middle in­ District of Columbia is lagging far behind. hearings last week on three bills, H.R. 59 come housing, and it would greatly benefit Are the city 'fathers interested only in and House Joint Resolution 461 by Congress­ the entire Adams-Morgan area in the same aiding and assisting construction built under man KYL, and H.R. 679 by Congressman way that the new Hilton Hotel, and the the auspices of the District of Columbia Re­ MULTER himself, to provide, as a number of Cafritz Universal buildings are and will ben­ development Land Agency? The Board of other cities do, tax incentives for the repair, efit it. Commissioners should call the leading pri­ improvement, renovation, and restoration of The Adams-Morgan plan shows a high vate builders of the District of Columbia to­ residential and commercial property under density area at the bus turn-around site just gether and.find out what makes Virginia and the tax laws of the District of Columbia. A east of Calvert Street Bridge, a site imme­ Maryland so attractive to builders and the spokesman for the District of Columbia diately adjacent to the Shapiro tract. The District so comparatively unattractive. Board of Commissioners said the District Shapiro tract has been vacant for years, and In conclusion, we would say that tax in­ couldn't afford such tax incentives. has been a hideout for vagrants and various centives, code enforcement, wise zoning pro­ So we have a situation in the District of types of debauchees. Yet for the Shapiro cedures, and some of the plain commonsense Columbia where the slum landlord is favored tract it is impossible to obtain a high density which seei:µs to be in such short supply in by (1) Failure to enforce the District Hous­ zoning. The Washington Daily News re­ the District of Columbia and is abundant in ing Code; (2) low taxes on deteriorating and ported recently that at least one of the mem­ evidence in Maryland and Virginia, would decaying buildings both residential and com­ bers of the Commission of Fine Arts walked renew the Adams-Morgan area at no cost mercial, and high taxes on residential and out of the hearing room in a "high dudgeon" to the taxpayer and a lot more quickly and commercial buildings which are repainted, during a hearing on the application by Mr. surely than the Federal urban renewal pro­ remodeled, or improved in any way. J. B. Shapiro. gram, with its sorry and disgraceful record So the Board of Commissioners, District of The District government seems to be en­ in Southwest Washington during the past Columbia, have managed to combine the gaged in giving Mr. Shapiro a brushoff 12 years. maximum amount of discouragement to pri­ which would discourage any but the most One hundred million dollars in Federal and vate rehabilitation and restoration with the resolute private builder. The Washington Daily News reported on District tax funds have utterly failed to make minimum amount of discouragement to land the 500-acre Southwest urban renewal area speculation, a situation which leaves mas­ April 30 that: attractive and livable. Georgetown and the sive demolition and huge and expensive fed­ "District Zoning Director Robert O. Clouser Adams-Morgan area, right now, are much erally assisted urban renewal programs as said J. B. Shapiro, whose office is at 1413 K more attractive, and this without the doubt­ the only possible solution which they will Street NW., filed notice of his intent to ful ministrations of the District of Columbia actively support and work for. build a $20 million structure just before the Redevelopment Land Agency. The District Commissioners and the new zoning plan took effect on May 12, 1958 • • • Mr. Clouser said the new zoning reg­ Furthermore, why shoUld anyone support Adams-Morgan Better Neighborhood Con­ a program which will displace 141 busi­ ference had a much better solution to blight ulations also required that the builder g

,I 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 12035

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

Independence of Algeria nations. Oil development in the Sahara movements," which is the way the Red­ will grant unlimited funds for indus­ indoctrinated refer to programs they EXTENSION OF REMARKS trialization of the nation. Internal per­ want furthered, operate "within the orbit severence and aid from its allies and of the Democratic Party.'' He urged the OJ.I' friends will cause the present unstable "serious left" to support these move­ HON. ADAM C. POWELL conditions to disapear. By the progres­ ments wholeheartedly. OF NEW YORK sive plants of its leaders, Algeria is thus The Hall message, originally delivered IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES assured of a strong democratic and in May at a secret meeting of Commu­ prosperous future. nist leaders but not made public until Monday, July 1, 1963 On its first anniversary of independ­ last Sunday, directed American Reds to Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, today ence, let us in the United States extend concentrate their attack on rightist Algeria celebrates the first anniversary our greetings to the people of this demo­ forces which are about to "capture the of her independence, and we wish to take cratic North African state and wish them leadership of the Republican Party on all this opportunity to send warm felicita­ rapid progress and prosperity during the levels." Hall told the Communists not tions to His Excellency, the Prime Min­ forthcoming year. to put up their own candidates in 1964 ister, Ahmed Ben Bella; and His Excel­ or support any movement for a new lency, the Algerian Ambassador to the party, but to support "Negro candidates, United States, Cherif Gellal. peace candidates, and labqr candidates" One year has elapsed since the free Republicans Versus Communists in the primaries. and independent State of Algeria was We can give the ultra-right war forces proclaimed by a tumultuous and victori­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS a trouncing- ous people. Seven and one-half years of OF war, the bloodbaths and terrorism, Hall said. which resulted in thousands of casual­ HON. ED FOREMAN This can be the election that creates the firm foundation for a new political align­ ties, emphasized the will and determina­ OF TEXAS ment in our country. tion of the Algerian people to gain their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES freedom. Subjected since 1830 to Among legislative and judicial "re­ French imperialism and direct incorpo­ Monday, July 1, 1963 forms" the Communists must work for, ration into the French nation, the peo­ Mr. FOREMAN. Mr. Speaker, what Hall asserted, are the abolition of States ple were given the chance on July 1, is the best way to help the Communist rights. He also called for a literal junk­ 1962, to freely choose their future, either Party? Work to defeat Republican can­ ing of the Constitution and the Bill of to remain a part of the French nation or didates in 1964. This is the recommen­ Rights. to elect independence. The outcome was dation of no less an authority than Gus predestined. Hall himself, the Soviet-trained general During this eventful year, the Algerian secretary to the CPUSA. Burger Yachts Finish One-Two in An­ Government was faced with mammoth Conversely, Hall wrote in the most re­ napolis-Newport Ocean Race undertakings, problems which had to be cent issue of the Sunday Worker, official corrected immediately. Political insta­ publication of American Reds, election of bility finally solidified under the leader­ Republicans can be expected to bring EXTENSION OF REMARKS ship of Ahmed Ben Bella. With his down on the United States what to Com­ OF guidance, the government attempted to munists is worse than eternal perdition­ cope with severe famine, unemployment, freedom from Soviet dictates. Although HON. JOHN W. BYRNES a bare treasury and economic chaos in he held to the usual Communist line that OF WISCONSIN general, which resulted from a mass both major American political parties IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES exodus of the French community resid­ have certain ties with imperialists, Hall Monday, July 1, 1963 ing in Algeria. Appealing to the people praised President Kennedy for keeping to follow a program of austerity while, "lines of communication open" with Mr. BYRNES of Wisconsin. Mr. at the same time, calling upon the nations Russia. J.F.K. atoned for his blockade Speaker, it is with pride that I note that of the world for succor, Ben Bella has of Cuba, Hall declared by quarantining the two overall winners in the recent An­ managed to bring the national economy Cuban exiles and banning raids, bomb­ napolis to N ewPort ocean race were two into some semblance of order. The ings and invasions of Castro's strong­ yachts built by the Burger Boat Co., of major problems remain; but with the hold. Manitowoc, Wis., in my congressional district. United States supplying wheat and other Hall's 10,000-work report, entitled foodstuffs and the French development "Political Parties and the 1964 Elec­ The winner on corrected time was capital, it is hoped that the Algerian pop­ Dyna, a 57-foot yawl owned by Clayton tions," was particularly praiseworthy of Ewing, now of Easton, Md., and formerly ulation will soon be able to stand alone J.F.K.'s handling of civil rights, noting by their own efforts and enjoy the free­ of Green Bay, Wis. Dyna finished sec­ dom for which they fought so long and that the President had sent troops into ond on elapsed time. Finishing second hard. Mississippi and Alabama. on corrected time and first on elapsed Algeria has taken an active role in The recognition of these realities does not time was Challenge, a 64-foot auxiliary make one a partisan or a supporter of the sloop owned by George F. Johnson, of international affairs. Mr. Ben Bella's President-- policies on Arab unity are closely linked Ardmore, Pa. with those of President Nasser of the The Communist Party U.S.A.'s No. 1 Both yachts were built by Burger Boat United Arab Republic. At the same spokesman said. Co. and have welded aluminum hulls­ time, Algeria is assuming a dominant At the same time, they do not isolate us a new development in yacht construc­ position in North Africa by favoring a from the broad movement which has re­ tion pioneered by Burger. Maghreb federation among Algeria, Mo­ lationships with the administration. Burger is a proud producer of custom rocco, and Tunisia. At the recent Addis yachts-both motor and sail-and the Ababa conference of the heads of state The "broad movements," Hall ex­ integrity of its management and the of the African nations,· here again, Al­ plained, include youth and civil rights skill of its workers has won it an inter­ geria was strongly in the fore. Looked groups engaged in "ever more militant national reputation. The company has upon as a leading force in Africa, Pre­ mass actions," peace movements and been building fine boats since 1863 when mier Ben Bella was accorded an ovation labor organizations. Through all such its founder-Henry B. Burger-began when he spoke of African unity and in­ lines, he added, the Communist Party, construction of sailboats for commer­ dependence for all African territories. U.S.A., can "keep a constant line of con­ cial fishermen on Lake Michigan. The Algeria's future looks bright. Its pres­ tact with · administration forces." Hall Burger family has been active in the tige is guaranteed by the Afro-Asian said that almost all "people's political management of the company since that 12036 CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD - HOUSE July 1 time and the present head of the com­ introduction of coffee as a cash crop by The details of the proposed "interim pany, Henry E. Burger, is a grandson the Belgians, have become coffee plant­ compensation," now being agitated on of the founder. ·· ers. the isthmus, which is separate from the It is fitting that the· hundredth an­ The last African conquerors of Rwan­ benefits given Panama under the Alli­ niversary of the founding of the firm da, the Tutsi, a people of Hamitic origin, ance for Progress, were published in the should be climaxed by the splendid per­ entered the country probably sometime April 30, 1963, issue of the Panama formance of Burger-built yachts in one in the 15th century, presumably from American and will be quoted at the end of America's principal ocean races. I the region of the headwaters of the Nile. of my remarks. congratulate the company, its owners Although they were far inferior in num­ In its relations with Panama, our and its workers on this outstanding bers to the already established Hutu, be­ country has been generous. In addition achievement. cause they had cattle-a commodity in to funds injected into the Panamanian great demand among the Hutu-they economy annually from Canal Zone easily established a system of feudal con­ sources, the United States has been giv­ trol over the numerically stronger race. ing, and will continue to give, to Panama Independence of Rwanda This feudal system lasted nearly until many millions of dollars through the so­ independence. called Alliance for Progress, and appar­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS Independence for Rwanda was a rev­ ently even without the thanks of the OF olutionary step both in terms of political Panamanian Government. and of social change, for events in the In these connections, it must be borne HON. ADAM C. POWELL few years prior to independence brought in mind that the Panama Canal is a self­ OF NEW YORK the Hutu to the ascendancy that was sustaining interoceanic public utility op­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES properly theirs as the numerical major­ erated pursuant to law and treaty. The Monday, July 1, 1963 ity. In January 1961 the Hutu parties present annual net income is around $3 proclaimed the deposition of the Tutsi million, but the annuity now paid Pan­ Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, today the king and established a republic with an ama is $1,930,000. The small margin Republic of Rwanda· celebrates the first elective president. Fears that violence of the net income is soon dissipated on anniversary of her independence, and would break out between Hutu and Tutsi emergent situations arising from the we wish to take this opportunity to send on independence was not realized. Since maintenance and operation of the canal. warm felicitations to His Excellency, independence Rwanda has been moving Our Government has expended over the President of the Republic of Rwanda, steadily along the path of democratic $1.5 billions in the construction and pro­ ·Gregoire Kayibanda; and His Excel­ government and peaceful development. tection of the Panama Canal. Thus the ·lency, the Rwanda Ambassador to the On the first anniversary of their in­ excess of the net income is indeed a thin ·United States, Lazare Mtakaniye. dependence we congratulate President line of fiscal safety for the tremendous Until news of its approaching inde­ Kayibanda and the Rwandan people for responsibility which our Nation must dis­ pendence on July 1, 1962, reached the their success in working together toward charge in and about tne Panama Canal. press few people had ever heard of the the achievement of their goals as an The extravagant demands on the part Republic of Rwanda. Bounded on the independent state and a respected mem­ of Panama show how unrealistic and un­ west by the Republic of the Congo, on ber of the world community. reasonable the.Panamanian Government the north by Uganda, on the east by has become. An increase of more than Tanganyika, on the south by Burundi to the net income for Panama would bank­ which it was formerly joined in U.N. rupt the canal, unless tolls are raised or trusteeship, it is a tiny mountainous Republic of Panama: Demand for taxes increased to cover the deficit. If country nearly lost in the huge expanse "Interim Compensation" tolls are substantially increased, this of the African Continent. Rwanda is would lessen the use of the canal with a land of rich natural beauty, a region loss of toll revenue and also serve to de­ of contrast, with high mountains in the EXTENSION OF REMARKS stroy the shipping under our flag. north and west sloping sharply down to OF the shores of Lake Kivu. In view of the situation thus presented, It was just a year ago on July 1 that HON. DANIEL J. FLOOD it is truly amazing that such exorbitant the Belgian flag came down and the oF PENNSYLVANIA demands against the United States new red, yellow, and green flag with a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES should be made and seriously advanced. It is even more amazing that responsible large "R" on it was hoisted !fl ceremonies Monday, July 1, 1963 marking the independence of this tiny officials of our Government should treat O f 2 50 o ooo 1 Th · Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, on numer- them with the dignity that is now being republic , • peop e. e capi- ous occasions in addresses in the Con- displayed. tal of Kigali was joyous, for independ- ·gress, I have emphasized that the official ence meant the end of more than 70 If our Government acquiesces in these years of foreign rule, first as a German diplomatic position of the Republic of connections, it will certainly bring about · d t Panama is that the launching of a new colony and then as a Be1 gian man a e isthmian canal different from the ·exist­ the liquidation of the maintenance and and trust territory. operation of the Panama Canal by the Rwanda was once before an independ- ing waterway will require a new treaty to United States and, ultimately, the de­ ent state, prior to the German occupa- determine the specific conditions for its struction _of the Republic of Panama. tion. The story of its early history is, construction. This position will apply As to the latter, our friends in Panama in fact, as fascinating tale of successive whether such new canal is to be located must be made to understand that the waves of conquest which determined the within the Canal Zone or in the Repub­ very existence of their country depends ·ethnic composition of the country and lie of Panama. on the presence of U.S. power in the its social, economic, and political struc- The latest twist in attempted Panama­ Canal Zone for the control, management, ture. The original inhabitants of nian extortions is for $10 million a year and protection of the canal. Whenever Rwanda, the Twa, a race related to the as "interim compensation" before a new the United States throws up its hands pygmies, today represent less than 1 per- Panama Canal treaty is negotiated. and leaves the isthmus, a Communist cent of the total population. They are Such demand, Mr. Speaker, is unthink­ takeover will fill the ensuing vacuum. chiefly hunters and pottery-makers who able and would be made only because the -Why should the best interests of Panama live in small groups which have little supine weakness on the part of our offi.­ .be clouded by these impossible demands contact with each other and with the cials encourages political blackmail. made under the stimulus of nationalistic other ethnic groups of Rwanda. Moreover, it is further evidence of the zeal without regard to the realistic con­ The first wave of conquest, dating to necessity for the Congress, without fur­ ditions involved? an early period, brought to Rwanda the ther delay, to clarify and make definite Statesmanship of the two countries re­ Hutu, a Bantu race which came from the our .isthmian canal policy, as contem­ quires not only an understanding of the ·north and northeast and which today plated -by House Concurrent Resolution past and present of the canal enterprise, comprises approximately 85 percent of . 105, and to stop further giveaways of our but also the possibilities of the future. the Rwanda . population. The Hutu . land and property. in the-Canal Zone, as :As. to the last, destiny has brought were a farming people who, with the provided in H.R. 3999. Panama and the United States into close 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 12037 historical association; and their interests a primary economic problem facing the the Agricultural Subcommittee of the are mutual. Nation. The United States has had an House Appropriations Committee con­ The people of Panama must realize adverse balance in its international pay­ tained in House Report No. 355 covering this fact and their government must not ments which has amounted to over $17 .5 H.R. 6754 on page 45, as follows: undertake a course of action which, in billion since 1958. The use of foreign ships for the shipment its ultimate effect, is bound to be suicidal. Continuation of concern over this of a portion of commodities under Public If the United States withdraws from ·problem has led to the passage of the Law 480 and other foreign assistance pro­ the isthmus, Panama, like Cuba, will fall Trade Expansion Act of 1962. This act grams has again been brought to the atten­ tion of the committee. In view of the into the Soviet orbit. All of Latin recognizes our critical need to increase balance-of-payments deficit facing the America would soon follow, and the world exports. But trade and shipping go United States, it is recommended that Ameri­ revolutionary dreain of a Soviet America hand in hand. can vessels be used for the shipment of com­ will come to fullest fruition. The regularity of service and equity modities under this program to a much The indicated news story follows: of rates upon which trade depends can greater extent than at present. [From the Panama American, Apr. 30, 1963] be guaranteed only if a country has ships This recommendation recognizes that REPUBLIC o:r PANAMA MISSION LEAVES FOR manned by its citizens in operation un­ the ocean transportation of surplus com­ WASHINGTOK TALKS: Wn.L DISCUSS COM­ der its own flag. However, a merchant modities is an important step in the gen­ PENSATIONS PENDING TREATY marine is also important for its balance­ eral belt-tightening which must take A Panamanian mission leaves early today of-payments earnings. The American­ place in the fiscal aspects of our foreign for Washington, D.C., to discuss "interim flag merchant fleet on its own annually assistance programs. This is particu­ compensations" for Panama for the opera­ earns or conserves the equivalent of tion of the Panama Canal pending a review larly significant, because the expression of existing treaties. about one-fifth of the favorable surplus of judgment in this matter comes from a Planning Director David Samudio and Prof. which occurs in our sales of exports over committee of the Congress which is Ruben D. Carles, Jr., of the University of imports. Even at that, this contribution normally concerned only with the agri­ Panama, compose the mission. They will be is made at a time when many of our cultural community. It reflects a states­ joined in Washington by Panamanian Am­ ships sail with only partially filled holds. manlike appreciation that our balance­ bassador Augusto G. Arango. The greater use of American-flag ships of-payments deficit, which has placed Official sources have indicated that Panama could substantially contribute to a fur­ the sanctity and stability of the dollar in is asking for $10 million a year during 5 ther increase in our balance-of-pay­ years, which is the time that Panamanian serious jeopardy, must transcend all officials estimate will elapse before a new ments earnings. areas of limited interest. I believe that Panama Canal treaty is negotiated. It is a well-known fact that American­ you will agree that the farmers' stake is President Roberto F. Chiari is understood flag carryings have steadily dwindled to just as great as that of our automobile to have outlined the proposal to President the point where they presently represent workers and all other segments of the John F. Kennedy at the President's Confer­ overall only about 10 percent of our for­ economy. Unfortunately, when the dol­ ence in San Jose, Costa Rica, last March. eign trade. Even American-flag liner lar is threatened, nobody stands to pay a Panama's official position is that construc­ companies, which operate the fastest and tion of a new canal will require a new treaty. potentially bigger. price than the com­ The estimate that about 5 years wlll elapse most efficient · ships in the .world over mon man, whether he be a farmer, a before this occurs is based on the generally regular trade routes at compe'titive rates metalworker, or a small business owner. accepted prospect that by 1970 the United carry less than 30 percent of the total As a member of the Merchant Marine States must have made tlie decision for re­ liner cargo which moves over these and Fisheries Committee, I wish to add placement of the present waterway. Pana­ routes in our foreign trade. This piti­ my endorsement to this recommenda­ manian officials figure that actual treaty ful situation exists even with the bene­ tion of the Agr~cultural .Subcoµimittee. negotiations would take about 3 years and fit of our cargo preference law which that in order to meet the 1970 deadline the The Department of Agriculture is the United States would have to undertake nego­ requires that at least 50 percent of our world's largest user of ocean transporta­ tiations in approximately 2 years' time. Government or Government-generated tion. Thus, it should be able to do more The "interim compensations," in Panama's cargoes move on American-flag ships. in this regard than any other agency of view, would cover the fair benefits this coun­ It is my understanding that in other our Government. In certain situations, try claims it is not receiving now under the countries; without the benefit of such no doubt, the increased use of U.S.-flag present canal treaties. They would be sep­ laws, far more substantial portions of vessels may involve higher costs. How­ arate from any Alliance for Progress finan­ their national commerce are carried by cial assistance. ever, to put thip.gs in their proper per­ their national fleets. For example, ships spective, such higher shipping costs The Panamanian mission is expected to of the United Kingdom carry 50 percent start discussions with U.S. officials in Wash­ should be considered in the same vein as ington late this week. The proposed com­ of her own foreign trade, France 62 per­ other areas of our economy. There are pensations would be invested, according to cent, Italy 63 percent, Japan 50 percent, many cases known to all of us where U.S. official sources, in highway construction and Norway 50 percent, and so forth. procurement has been considered desir­ electrification of rural areas principally. The Secretary of Commerce, Luther able and beneficial both to our country's H. Hodges, was questioned about this balance of payments and to U.S. indus- lack of use of U.S.-flag shipping during . try even though at a somewhat greater hearings on the appropriations for his · ·cost than foreign procurement. This Foreign Trade· agency several months ago. The gentle­ same philosophy of approach applies as man · from New York, Representative well to the additional use of U.S.-flag EXTENSION OF R~ARKS ROONEY, referred to foreign assistance shipping which can .and should be made. OF programs and the costs of maintaining The fact ·of the· matter is that when U.S. an American merchant marine. He ships are used they will earn or conserve HON. JOHN D. DINGELL asked the Secretary why the American for balance-of-payments purposes ·77 OF MICHIGAN merchant marine should not be carrying cents on every dollar spent on ocean IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a greater percentage of Government car­ freight. goes. He pointed out that the law Monday, July 1, 1963 This matter is of such transcending merely says "not less than 50 percent," importance that all areas of possible im­ Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, as far and said he could not understand why provement must be utilized to their full­ back as November 17, 1959, President this percentage is not 75 or 90 percent. est. The Department of Agriculture is Eisenhower publicly recognized our Secretary Hodges confessed that he an agency of the U.S. Government. The mounting balance-of-payments deficit. "cannot make other agencies put their agricultural community must recognize An important aspect of the proclama­ cargoes in U.S.-:flag ships." that this is a national problem. I am tion which he issued in this matter or­ This leads me to mention sometbjng sure that individual farmers appreciate dered Government agencies to emphasize which has just come to my attention this to the same extent as all of our other the procurement of goods and services which indicates that fortunately there citizens. This country has never had a from American rather than foreign exists in the Congress, at least. a willing­ lack of support from its citizens in times sources. Nevertheless, our balance-of­ ness and desire to approach these serious of national trial. The Agriculture De­ payments deficit continued, and it is problems on a national basis. This is partment cannot afford to turn its back considered by President Kennedy to be reflected in a recommendation made by · upon those things· which must be ·done. 12038 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 1 I therefore look forward to a prompt re­ prevailed in Burundi during its first year the following responses of our citizens to action by the Department in taking early of independence. The atmosphere was House Resolution 14 in the RECORD: and appropriate steps to effectuate this set by King Mwambtsa IV at the Burundi LITHUANIAN AMERICAN COUNCIL, reasonable recommendation. independence celebrations last July when Racine, Wis., June 15, 1963. he appealed to the Africans and to the Hon. DANIEL J. FLooD, foreigners in Burundi to "work together U.S. House of Representatives, in a common effort to make this Burundi Washington, D.C. DEAR Sm: Enclosed you will find a copy of Independence of Burundi a peaceful, hardworking, prosperous, and a resolution unanimously adopted at the perfectly happy country." At the same mass meeting of American citizens of Baltic EXTENSION OF REMARKS time he called on the government to descent of this community gathered to pro­ OF "pursue this difficult task that Belgium test the forceful occupations of Estonia, Lat­ hands over to us today to create resources via, and Lithuania by Soviet Union on June HON. ADAM C. POWELL without which our country would go to 15, 1940. OF NEW YORK ruin." This meeting was held today at the St. Casimir's Hall, 815 Park Avenue, Racine, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES On the first anniversary of their inde­ Wis., and was sponsored by our organization. Monday, July 1, 1963 pendence we commend King Mwambtsa Very truly yours, IV and the people of Burundi for their PETER PETRUSAITIS, Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, today the untiring dedication to the goals set on Secretary. Kingdom of Burundi celebrates the first independence day. They have pursued Whereas on June 15, 1940, Soviet Russia anniversary of her independence, and we diligently the difficult task of creating forcibly occupied Latvia, Estonia, and Lithu­ wish to take this opportunity to send resources and have successfully worked ania while breaking solemnly signed treaties warm felicitations to His Excllency, together to make Burundi peaceful and and agreements; and Mwami Mwambtsa IV; and His Excel­ Whereas the peoples of these countries are prosperous. We wish them continuing colonial slaves of Russianized communism; lency, Joseph Mbazumutima, the Burun­ success. and di Ambassador to the United States. Whereas the Communist rulers are building On July 1, 1962, Just a year ago, the or easing tensions of the cold war for their Kingdom of Burundi, together with its House Resolution 14: Special Committee own expedience; and sister republic, Rwanda, emerged as an Whereas Communist signed treaties are lndependent nation. Few of Burundi's on Captive Nations not worth the paper on which they have been approximately 3 million people had ever signed: Therefore, be it been outside this tiny country snuggled EXTENSION OF REMARKS Resolved, That this mass meeting strongly peacefully in the mountains of central OF supports creation of a Congressional Com­ Africa, for the steeply rising Mountains mittee on Captive Nations (H. Res. 14); and of the Moon served to isolate Burundi HON. DANIEL J. FLOOD be it further OF PENNSYLVANIA Resolved, That this mass meeting whole­ from the rest of the world. heartedly endorses and vigorously supports Since independence, however, Burundi IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES all the resolutions before the U.S. Senate and has been thrust onto the world scene and Monday, July 1, 1963 the House of Representatives which are re­ has taken up its responsibilities as an quiring the Russian colonialism in the Baltic independent nation on the African Con­ Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, on March States would be investigated; and be it tinent and as a member of the world 8, 1961, I introduced a measure calling further community. On September 18, 1962, Bu­ for the establishment of a Special Com­ Resolved, That we should take a very care­ rundi was admitted to membership in mittee on Captive Nations in the House ful study of the present and the past before of Representatives. During the 87th entering into any new kind of agreement with the United Nations. In May 1963 the Communist governments, because it is Burundi's constitutional monarch, Congress it was known as House Resolu­ tion 211, and earlier this year I reintro­ about time to stop hurting the American Mwambtsa IV, was among the more than image at home and abroad; and be it finally 30 African heads of state who attended duced it and in the present 88th Con­ Resolved, That this mass meeting express the Addis Ababa Conference, called for gress it is known as House Resolution 14. its gratitude and admiration to the Presi­ the purpose of drafting an African unity Mr. Speaker, there are not sufficient dent of the United States, Members of the charter. In addition, there has been words to express my profound gratitude Senate and House of Representatives for some discussion of Burundi's eventually and personal delight to the more than 20 strenuous efforts to better the standards of joining an East African federation. Now Members of the House who joined with living, for enormous tasks to achieve stable me in that most stimulating and very peace and social justice and especially for that it has taken its place among the nonrecognition of the incorporation of sovereign nations of the world Burundi enlightening discussion which took place Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania into Soviet can no longer remain in isolation behind on the subject of the captive nations-­ Union. the Mountains of the Moon. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, volume 107, part MARTIN KASPARAITIS, The capital of Burundi, Usumbura, is 3, pages 3518-3544, "Russian Colonialism President, Lithuanian American Council, a pretty town scenically situated at the and the Necessity of a Special Captive Racine, Wis., Branch. northern tip of Lake Tanganyika. Al­ Nations Committee." VALENTINS JAUNKALNIETIS, The popular response House Reso­ Representative, Latvian Americans of most all types of tropical plants thrive to Racine. there, and there are flowers and flowering lution 211, now House Resolution 14, has Mrs. OLGA MALBE, trees everywhere the year round. The been so enthusiastic and impressive that Representative, Estonian Americans of town itself, which is a colorful, interest­ I feel dutybound to disclose the thoughts Racine. ingly planned town somewhat reminis­ and feelings of many Americans who cent of small towns in southern Cali­ have taken the time to write me on this RACINE, WIS., fornia, stretches along the shores of the subject. These citizens are cognizant of May 29, 1963. the basic reasons underlying the neces­ Congressman DANIEL J. FLooD, lake and backs up a gentle hillside. To House of Representatives, the east of Usumbura the mountains rise sity of the proposed committee. They Washington, D.C. steeply to 8,000 feet, continuing as rolling understand clearly the vital contribution DEAR MR. CONGRESSMAN: The Racine Chap­ hills to the border of Tanganyika. that such a committee could make to our ter of the Armenian Revolutionary Federa­ Agriculture is the chief economic ac­ national security interests. In many tion informs you that a resolution has been tivity of Burundi, and the rolling hillsides cases, they know that no public or pri­ passed by our unit supporting passage o! are intensively cultivated and terraced. vate body is in existence today which House Resolution 14, submitted by you, Burundi's main products are coffee, cot­ is devoted to the task of studying con­ which calls for the formation of a Special ton, and hides; the country depends on tinuously, systematically, and objec­ Committee on Captive Nations. tively all of the captive nations, those in Recent development.a worldwide and in them for the foreign exchange needed Washington make the formation of such a to purchase industrial products and Eastern Europe and Asia, including the committee imperative to the security and equipment. numerous captive nations in the Soviet welfare of the United States, and will bring In contrast to the turbulence which Union itself. added hope to the tyrannised peoples of independence brought to another former Because their thoughts and sentiments the once free nations today in Soviet bond­ Belgian dependency, the Congo, calm has are expressive and valuable, I include age. 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 12039 We a.re 1n addition to this letter, contact­ pendence Day observed in the House of Rep­ Indiana Department of Veterans Affairs lng our Congressman as well as Congress­ resentatives on January ~4. 1963. Committee. man HOWARD w. SMITH, head of the Rules I am sure you will agree with me that our The article follows: Committee, urging him to release your reso­ support for freedom of Ukraine and other lution to the House floor for quick debate captive nations under the Communist domi­ WHY Go TO THE MOON? and passage. nation must go beyond the realm of remarks (By RICHARD L. ROUDEBUSH, U.S. Represent­ May I take this opportunity to commend and concentrate on a concrete measure; the ative, Indiana) you for your stand in this regard, and to creation of a permanent House Committee If we in the United States desire to aban­ assure you of our every support of your on Captive Nations. House Resolutions 14 don all of the traditions and ideals which measure? and 15, introduced by Congressmen FLOOD made this Nation great, and content our­ Sincerely, and DERWINSKI respectively, call for the es­ selves with the role of a second-rate power, HARRY KALVONJIAN, tablishment of such a committee. we could choose no more certain course than Presently House Resolutions 14 and 15 to surrender outer space to the Soviet Union. CHICAGO LITHUANIAN CouNcn., are pending before the House Committee on And being second to a power determined to June 14, 1963. Rules. destory our way of life would leave us no Hon. DANIEL J. FLOOD, In the spirit of your remarks, we ask and power at all. It would be tantamount to House of Representatives, urge you to support these resolutions. Fur­ committing political and national suicide. Washington, D.C. thermore, your call or note to Congressman It is well, therefore, to remind ourselves DEAR MR. CONGRESSMAN: Enclosed is a copy HOWARD W. SMITH, chairman of House Rules occasionally, that while we have touched of letter to the President of the United Committee, favoring House Resolutions 14 the edge of space, we still have a long way States, adopted by a meeting of Chicago and 15 would stir the committee to action. to go. Almost 2 years after Russian Cos­ Lithuanians today, which is self-explanatory. The committee would open public hearings monaut Gherman Titov orbited the earth for Your support of the just cause of liberty on the proposed legislation and consequently a day, we had yet to accomplish this feat and independence for Lithuania is sincerely bring the measure to the floor in the House ourselves, and we still did not have an opera­ appreciated by American Lithuanians. We of Representatives. tional space booster with the power and re­ hope and pray that you will continue doing Your continuing interest in this matter liability of those the Russians had used re­ your utmost to help the Lithuanian nation, can and wlll do much for the captive na­ peatedly. as well as all the other presently enslaved tions. Since then, we have continued to advance and subjugated countries, to regain com­ Sincerely yours, our space capabilities, as shown by the sen­ plete freedom and independence. 0REST SZCZUDLUK, sational 22-orbit flight last May of Air Force Respectfully yours, Public Relations. Major L. Gordon Cooper. But Cooper's 34 CHICAGO LITHUANIAN COUNCn., hours in orbit stm fell short of a mark set in August of last year by two Russian cos­ ALFONSE F. Wn.LS, President. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, J. SKORUBSKUS, Secretary. monauts who attempted a rendezvous of Washington, D.C., May 28, 1963. their crafts in space. All previous endurance Mr. WALTER TuSTANIWSKY, CHICAGO LITHUANIAN COUNCn., marks, of course, were shattered by the June Chairman, Ukrainian Congress Committee of June 14, 1963. orbits of the Russians, Lt. Col. Valery Bykov­ Hon. JOHN F. KENNEDY, America, Inc., Detroit, Mich. sky and Valentina Tereshkova, first woman President of the United States, DEAR MR. TuSTANIWSKY: Your letter of cosmonaut. White House, Washington, D.C. May 25 in reference to the establishment But Cooper's feat would seem to indicate DEAR Ma. PRESIDENT: Gathered at the Lith­ of a. special committee on the Captive Na­ we are closing the gap with Russia in space uanian Youth Center in Chicago to observe tions in the House of Representatives has technology. Our new Saturn rocket engine, the anniversary of the June 15, 1940, Soviet been received. now being made operational, is said to be the occupation of Lithuania and the subsequent I agree that the establishment of such a most powerful ever developed in the world. mass arrests and deportation of Lithuanians committee would be beneficial to our Na­ Russian secrecy prevents us from knowing to Siberia and elsewhere in Russia, which tion and I have therefore introduced in ac­ for sure. acts are continuing to this day, we Chicago­ cordance with your suggestion, a bill identi­ As far back as 1958, when the first sputnik ans of Lithuanian descent address you, Mr. cal to that of Representative DANIEL J. FLOOD, gave us startling evidence of a new Soviet President, with a restatement of the follow­ House Resolution 14. capability, President Eisenhower's Science ing facts: Thank you for calling the matter to my Advisory Committee recognized that we were 1. Whereas the Soviet Union, in signing attention and best regards. in a race with the Russians for preeminence secret agreements with Germany on August Sincerely, in space. 23 and September 28, 1939, aimed at annex­ GERALD R. FORD, "To be strong and bold in space tech­ ing Lithuania to its territory, and whereas, Member of Congress. nology will enhance the prestige of the by signing these secret agreements and carry­ United States among the peoples of the ing them out-occupying Lithuania on June world and create added confidence in our 15, 1940, and continuing this occupation to scientific, technological, industrial, and mili­ this day-Soviet Russia has violated and is tary strength," President Eisenhower's Sci­ still violating a whole series of international Why Go to the Moon? ence Advisory Committee stated. agreements and treaties. Futher, this Committee's statement said, 2. Whereas Lithuania today has been EXTENSION OF REMARKS "There is the defense objective for the de­ factually made into a Soviet Russian colony, OP' velopment of space technology. We wish where the Moscow-imposed and directed to be sure that space is not used to endan­ Communist regime has deprived the inhabi­ HON. JAMES G. FULTON ger our security. If space is used for military tants of their civil and political rights, as purposes, we must be prepared to use space well as the freedoms of the individual person, OF PENNSYLVANIA to defend ourselves." of religion, of a free press and free speech, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES These assertions, put forth by President which are the inherent rights of all peoples. Monday, July 1, 1963 Eisenhower in 1958, are as valid today as We therefore request you, Mr. President, to they were then. The United States must as­ take every possible measure to help to bring Mr. FULTON of Pennsylvania. Mr. sume leadership in exploring the moon for about the withdrawal of the foreign regime Speaker, I am calling to the attention of reasons identical with those which prompted forced upon Lithuania by Soviet Russia, so us, 5 years ago, to undertake a major na­ that Lithuania could again independently the U.S. Congress and the American peo­ tional space program. Although the reasons exercise her political sovereignty and her ple by CONGRESSIONAL RECORD an inter­ are identical, they have even more urgency citizens could again freely use all their po­ esting article which appears in the VFW today. litical and civil rights and freedoms. magazine for July 1963. From my ex­ Military experts tell us it i.s naive to think Respectfully yours, space of the space program as a scientific luxury­ CHICAGO LITHUANIAN COUNCIL, perience on matter, I believe that this is such an excellent article that it a "Buck Rogers" toy that we can play with ------, at our economic leisure. They stress that President. should be called especially to notice. rapid development of our capabilities in ------, Congressman RICHARD L. ROUDEBUSH, space is vital to our Nation's political sov­ Secretary. author of this timely article on the U.S. ereignty-perhaps to its very existence. spac~ program, is well schooled in his Spacecraft, they say, in the near future, will UKRAINIAN CONGRESS COMMITTEE subject. He is a member of the House be as necessary to our defense posture as OF AMERICA, INC., BOSTON BRANCH, Committee on Science and Astronautics, airplanes are now. And without them, we West Roxbury, Mass., May 7, 1963. would be helpless. It is not a matter of The HONORABLE F. BRADFORD MORSE, and the Subcommittee on Manned Space economy, said one, but of necessity. House of Representatives, Flight. He served as commander in chief Some have questioned the wisdom of se­ Washington, D.C. of the Veterans of Foreign Wars, 1957- lecting the moon as the focal point of our DEAR CONGRESSMAN MORSE: We appreciate 58, and is now a member of the VFW early efforts to achieve superiority in space your speaking in behalf of Ukrainian Inde- National Legislative Committee, and the flight. 12040 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 1 Whether this decision was wise can best in the foreseeable future, by adaptive ma­ beverages, smoking, and the like. I am not be answered by asking if the Russians, them­ chines which only report the results of their suggesting that we give up our pleasures. selves, are striving to reach the moon, and observations, experiments, and actions, to They make existence more livable in the if in our own drive for preeminence, we are man. troubled times we have inherited. I simply overlooking a more desirable alternative. "Manned exploration of space promises want to point out that for a fraction of what To evaluate Soviet intentions, one might great scientific return and Apollo can be a we spend to indulge ourselves, we may well turn to the Soviet magazine Red Star of April fruitful first step in this effort. Although be able to win surcease from the threat of 12, 1963, to find all the challenge a patriotic the mission itself is first an engineering another great power dominating this planet American should need. In an interview, enterprise aimed at insuring that man reach indefinitely by means of space supremacy. Soviet Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was asked the moon and return safely, it is also the If we can afford to amuse ourselves, we about international space competition. He first step in the manned scientific study of can certainly afford to help insure our liber­ replied: the moon and the planets." ties in tomorrow's world so we can continue "Not so long ago, it seemed impossible that The 1961 national decision that our coun­ to amuse ourselves. man would break loose from the bonds of try accomplish the manned lunar explora­ Dr. Detlev Bronk, one of our country's Mother Earth. Yet man, Soviet man, has tion goal within this decade was based, at most respected scientists, recently said that not only succeeded in tearing away from least in part, on ·a report issued earlier that actually landing astronauts on the moon ls this cradle, but has made many orbits around year by the National Academy of Sciences. a secondary factor in the total picture of it. The report stated: space accomplishment. "What awaits us? Not the stars yet. "Scientific exploration of the moon and I think the effort to get there--the human Probably the moon is first • • •. All my the planets should be clearly stated as the adventure of endeavoring to get there; the space friends strongly hope that the road to ultimate objective of the U.S. space program. effort of people to understand something the natural satellite of the earth will be laid From a scientific standpoint, there seems they have never been able to understand by people from our valiant socialist system." little room for dissent that man's participa­ before; the vitality we get as a nation out We Americans have a very real stake in tion in the explorations of the moon and of being engaged in a great adventure-I making certain that Gagarin's hopes are not the planets will be essential. Man can con­ think this is the most important thing. realized. We cannot afford to lose a tech­ tribute critical elements of scientific judg­ Perhaps it is the most important thing. nological and ideological contest which could ment and discrimination in conducting the But the most important immediate objective cost us all that so many Americans have scientific exploration of those bodies which in the total space picture ls for us to reach given their lives to defend. can never be fully supplied by his instru­ the moon before the Soviet Union does-to Furthermore, it would make no sense to ments, however complex and sophisticated prove convincingly the free world's uncur­ bypass the moon and concentrate instead they may become." tained scientific and technological thrust is on some more difficult, distant and costly Exploration of the moon appeals to scien­ superior to the secretive efforts of the Com­ space destination, such as Mars. This would tists because its uneroded landscape may munists. seemingly leave, then, only the choice of reveal information about the origins of the some less demanding goal, such as a manned, universe which has long since been erased earth-orbiting laboratory in space. from the surface of our earth. The moon As a part of our lunar exploration pro­ offers unique opportunities for research in Nuclear Submarine Launching Speeches gram, we will have such laboratories-al­ geology, geophysics, astronomy, and space though on a limited scale--in our 2-man biology. The far side of the moon may pro­ Gemini spacecraft and our 3-man Apollo vide an ideal site for a radio-astronomy EXTENSION OF REMARKS spacecraft, designed to orbit the earth for station. Such installations would be OF two months. These will give us needed ex­ shielded from earth background electronic perience in rendezvous and docking tech­ "noise" and so could investigate the crucial HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES niques-the bringing together and coupling long-wave length region of the universe ob­ OF FLORIDA in space of two separately launched ve­ scured by the earth's ionosphere. hicles-which we shall need for manned ex­ Another important reason for selecting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ploration of the moon and for overall com­ the moon as the focal point of our current, Monday, July 1, 1963 petence in space. manned space efforts, is that it will require We can hardly expect to achieve pre­ a degree of greatly expanded overall com­ Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, on June 22 eminence in space-a goal overwhelmingly petence in space, which we can develop on the skill and ingenuity of American approved by a bipartisan vote in the Con­ a timetable competitive with that of the know-how was illustrated in graphic gress-if we content ourselves merely with Soviet Union. This competence will be fashion. On that day four nuclear sub­ experiments in the near-space regions around available for any purpose--civilian or mili­ marines were launched, three on the east the Earth while the Russians proceed, full tary-which may be required. steam ahead, to the Moon and beyond. We are well advanced on the "road to the coast and one on the west coast. They In a sense, the continued existence of rep­ moon." We have had repeatedly success­ were the Tecumseh, the Flasher, the resentative government and the free enter­ ful test firings of the giant Saturn rocket John C. Calhoun and the Daniel Boone. prise system depends upon the organization which will carry our American astronauts to The Tecumseh and the Flasher were and extension of our space program. In the moon. In fact, I was privileged to see launched at Groton, Conn. I had a par­ this era of revolutionary scientific changes the latest test firing at Cape Canaveral of this ticular interest in this ceremony because and expanding technology, we are faced with large booster. my wife, Inez, was sponsor of the Tecum­ a crucial contest for political survival. We are constructing, on a site adjoining seh. Mrs. Paul B. Fay, Jr., wife of the As Space Administrator James E. Webb the present Cape Canaveral complex, a new said recently: "In a contest with an adver­ Spaceport, U.S.A. It will include the world's Under Secretary of the Navy, was spon­ sary whose true strength largely remains an tallest 1-story building, to rise 625 feet sor of the Flasher. Joint ceremonies unknown factor because of the secrecy of above the ground. The door alone will be were held and the launches of the two their operations, we cannot ask ourselves an astounding 466 feet high. submarines were simultaneous. how little we can do and still win. This new facility, the Vertical Assembly Participating in the launching of the "We must ask ourselves how much we can Building, to be used for Saturn, wm have Tecumseh were Mr. J. William Jones, Jr., prudently do to insure success within the enough room inside it to contain the president, General Dynamics/Electric limits of our available resources and in full Empire State Building. consideration of our other pressing national Such mammoth ground-support equip­ Boat; Rear Adm. Lawson P. Ramage, obligations and needs." ment is necessary because our advanced USN, deputy commander, Submarine Although we are in a space competition, Saturn rocket, when assembled, will stand Force Atlantic Fleet; and Senator JOHN the Apollo program is not merely a tech­ almost as tall as the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel O. PASTORE. Participating in the launch­ nological exercise undertaken for the sake in New York City. ing of the Flasher were Mr. Roger Lewis, of competition alone. Inherent in the pro­ Our astronaut training program ls mov­ president, General Dynamics Corp.; Rear gram are scientific and technological bene­ ing forward satisfactorily. We have re­ Adm. William A. Brockett, USN, chief, fits that are an essential part of our total cruited additional astronauts. Our scientists Bureau of Ships; and Vice Adm. Elton W. space effort and which cannot be achieved and technicians are working night and day by using unmanned automatic equipment. on solving the myriad problems presented Grenfell, USN, commander, Submarine This fact was underlined last summer by by space fiight and the effects on man of this Force Atlantic Fleet. a group of the Nation's leading scientists, unknown and largely hostile environment. It is my privilege to submit for print­ meeting for 2 months at Iowa State Univer­ Leadership in space will not come cheaply. ing in the RECORD the statements made sity under sponsorship of the Space Science The American people are spending 20 cents on this memorable occasion, as follows: Board of the National Academy of Sciences. a week per person on our national space "TECUMSEH" LAUNCHING SPEECHES Their report stated: program. At the same time, we are spending "It is recognized that man in a sensing each year, more than four times our space REMARKS BY MR. JONES and control loop can provide judgment, budget on golf, fishing, movies and other Mrs. Sikes, Senator Pastore, Admiral adaptability, improvisation, and selectivity to recreation. And we are spending much more Ramage, Representative Sikes, Navy friends, a degree which cannot be matched now, or than the space program costs on cosmetics, and friends o! the Navy and Electric Boat, 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 12041 on behalf of our more than 16,000 employees, great contributions you are making to our ilies, spend months away from home in the it gives me great pleasure to welcome you growing submarine force. You all are in­ lonely expanses of the great ocean so that here on this beautiful day for the launching deed longstanding members of the family. the rest of us may enjoy the privileges of of our ninth Polaris submarine, the To all the officers and men of the American freedom. Tecumseh. Tecumseh's blue and gold crews I know how We can never fully repay the young men You will be interested to know that Jerome proud you are to be assigned to this fine new who make up the crews of these ships and Shawnee and, his family, who drove all the ship--we all wish you every success in fitting who so courageously face the ever-present way from Tulsa, Okla., is with us today. out and in the fulfillment of your ultimate dangers of the sea. He is the chief of the Shawnee Tribe and mission. Today I wish to pay particular tribute to will ride the Tecumseh down the ways. To all of us, what we see here today repre­ the men and women who share a major This is an especially proud day for Electric sents the results of the highest coordination responsibility for the high standards and Boat and the U.S. Navy because before the between the designers, builders, suppliers, accomplishments of the U.S. Navy. Not­ sun has set today four nuclear submarines and operators. withstanding the great achievements of our will have been launched, if you will permit It represents the highest motivation and scientists; the capab111ties of our best de­ me, sort of a grand slam homer for the dedication to the service of our great coun­ signers and the bravery and devotion of our forces of freedom. try. naval officers and crews, all of this would be We at Electric Boat are privileged to par­ All this the Tecumseh has in large meas­ to no avail without the capabilities and ticipate in this important occasion by ure. I know she will come on to be another conscientious devotion to detail of the thou­ launching two of the four submarines-the strong pillar for peace. sands upon thousands of shipyard workers. Tecumseh, a fleet ballistic missile submarine We are all tremendously proud to be Ameri­ America will ever be grateful to its many which you are witnessing, and in our south cans and at times like this we have every civilian workmen who labor at this yard yard the Flasher, an attack-type submarine. right to be. May it ever be so. to build our ships and to keep us free. Never has there been demanded of crafts­ It is our plan to launch these two submarines INTRODUCTION OF SENATOR PASTORE at the same time and at this moment, Roger men such a degree of perfection as from you Lewis, president of General Dynamics, is Our principle speaker today is a native of who build the nuclear submarine. handling the ceremonies in the south yard. our neighboring State of Rhode Island, a Your integrity, your honor, and your pride In launching these ships, however, we place that is home to large segment of our as well as your skill of mind and of hand, leave the making of significant records to work force, a fact which adds to our pleasure furnish the built-in triumph that is now the those dedicated submariners who will soon in welcoming him to this shipyard. Most Tecumseh. You, the workers of this yard take them to sea with the serious mission of of his life has been devoted to public serv­ and, I am proud to say, many of you resi­ keeping the peace. The very best efforts of ice. He has served in the Rhode Island Gen­ dents of my own State of Rhode Island, have the designers and shipbuilders can only be­ eral Assembly, as assistant attorney general just reason to be proud of your accomplish­ gin to approach the level of performance as Lieutenant Governor and Governor of that ments and we salute you, not only for your turned in by the men of our submarine force. great State. The people of Rhode Island outstanding manual skills, but for your great Again, let me say how pleased we are to elected him to the U.S. Senate in 1950 and sense of responsibility. have you all with us today. he has served them and the Nation faithfully There are few endeavors in the field of and with distinction for the past 13 years. labor where dependence upon the integrity. TELEGRAM FROM VICE ADM. H. G. RICKOVER Ladies and gentlemen, the senior Senator honor, and pride of the craftsman is as vital I regret circumstances prevent me from from Rhode Island and the chairman of the as in the building of these ships. attending the launching of Flasher and Te­ Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, the We often speak proudly of our country as cumseh. Please extend my warm regards to Honorable JOHN 0. PASTORE. the ship of state. America is a ship that rides all those Electric Boat personnel who con­ REMARKS OF U.S. SENATOR JOHN C. PASTORE ON on the labor, loyalty, and love of each of us. tributed to this event. This is a time of tempest, a time of test­ H. G. RICKOVER, OCCASION OF THE LAUNCHING OF THE "TECUMSEH," GROTON, CONN., JUNE 22, 1963 ing, and surely we shall strive to meet every Vice Admiral, U.S.N. test in our time, for united we shall ride out My fellow Americans, it is a moment of every storm to that fair day of decency, dig­ PRESENTING THE SPONSOR high privilege and a source of personal honor Our sponsor for the Tecumseh is Mrs. Rob­ nity, freedom, and peace that is heaven's and official satisfaction to me to have a part promise to all men of good wm. ert Sikes, of Laurel Hill, Fla. She is the in these memorable ceremonies today. The wife of Representative ROBERT SIKES, of the This is a high moment of history, a high launching of this submarine marks another moment of hope and happiness for all the First Congressional District who we are hon­ major step in the defense of our Nation and ored to have };lere on the platform today. world as this good ship, the Tecumseh, moves the preservation of freedom. down the ways. Mrs. Sikes is obviously a very active wom­ Tecumseh was a brave Indian enemy who an in civic affairs. She is a member of the It is a moment of pride, pride that is yours died just 150 years ago. in a job well done. Congressional Wives Club, the Woman's Na­ Tecumseh is the beloved idol of victory of tional Democratic Club of Washington, D.C., It is a moment of appreciation, apprecia­ Annapolis. tion which is ours as grateful Americans. a member of the Florida State Society, and Tecumseh is the proud name of this good 1s a past president of that organization. I ship that joins our first line of defense, and It is a moment of prayer, that Almighty am honored to present to yoti our gracious God wm make every voyage of.the Tecumseh our best hope for peace. a peaceful one. sponsor, Mrs. Sikes. As a member of the Joint Congressional INTRODUCTION OF ADMIRAL RAMAGE Committee on Atomic Energy, I also have the We are especially happy to have with us honor of representing the arm of the Con­ "FLASHER" LAUNCHING SPEECHES today one of the Navy's top submariners, gress which played a dominant role in sup­ REMARKS BY MR. LEWIS one who has devoted a lifetime of service porting the development effort which brought Good morning ladies and gentlemen, it's to the submarine force. He has a most to reality the incomparable weapon system a privilege to welcome you on this glorious enviable record in the service of hls coun­ that this great ship represents. day for an altogether proud and remarkable try. During World War II a grateful Na­ The achievement of the nuclear submarine ceremony. tion bestowed on him its highest decoration, was not without doubters and discourage­ ment and difficulties. The launching of any large ship is a signal the Medal of Honor. He has served with occasion. bringing together, as it does, the distinction in his present post as deputy Yet, who would have believed in those . days, or even later, if you will, when the builders, the users, and those who wish her commander, Submarine Force, Atlantic Fleet, godspeed. and ·has done so wen, in fact, that he has world's first nuclear ship, the Nautilus, was received a well-deserved promotion which, launched from this same yard, that within But today we are all part of an occasion we are :;orry to say, will take him from this a few years a partnership of nuclear sub­ quite special. For the first time in history, area. He has been promoted to vice admiral marines and Polaris missiles would result in two nuclear submarines-the Flasher, and as Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for the creation of America's first line of de­ the Tecumseh-will be launched simultane­ Fleet . Operations and Readiness. It is my fense. ously. great pleasure to present to you Adm. Law­ These doubts, discouragements, and diffi­ The occasion is marked by the fact that son P. Ramage. culties were solved and resolved by Amer­ the board of directors of General Dynamics icans in and out of uniform, by scientists and their wives are with us today, and that REMARKS BY ADMmAL RAMAGE and technicians, officers and civilians, who Mrs. Fay, who wm christen this ship, is here Mrs. Sikes, Senator Pastore, Mr. Jones, worked as a team in the arduous days of with her three fine children, her husband. this is truly a day to remember. To all of development. the Under Secretary of the Navy, and her us the launching of this great ship Tecumseh Our Nation certainly owes a great debt friends. has some special personal significance. of gratitude to Admiral Rickover and Ad­ We of General Dynamics are par~icularly To our wonderful sponsor let me say how miral Raborn, the naval officers who so ca­ pleased because the ship to be launched here pleased and honored we are to have you pably directed the development of the two bears the name Flasher, an honored one for with us on this occasion. major systems incorporated in the Polaris Groton shipbuilders. To Mr. Jones and everyone in the Electric submarine. Just 20 years ago, on June 20, 1943, Boat Division of General Dynamics, I wish And our debt runs to the officers and men Electric Boat launched the original Flasher to extend my congratulations and the Navy's who man these ships-who, at great per­ which went into a truly remarkable record appreciation for this and the many other sonal hardship to themselves and their tam- in combat, sinking more than 100,000 to~ 12042 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 1 of enemy shipping. As that Flasher sym.,. other ship which is destined for an lmpor­ us another great ship to add to this Yankee bolizes the contribution of this yard made -tant role in the defense of the free world. tradition. · to victory in war, this second Flasher will So it ls a very speciai privilege for me to It ls not enough that a nation number the symbolize another contribution, one to the join my old friends at Electric Boat and hulls of a fleet of ships and call them war­ defense of freedom and the maintenance of thank them personally for the newest of ships. For in order to make a significant peace. their many contributions to modern sea­ contribution to peace, these ships must be It is our earnest hope that this submarine power and to our own natlonal securlty. recognized by their potential adversaries as will never be called on to prove herself as Today, this 22d day of June, 1963, is a being ships which can in fact carry their was her predecessor. However, we believe notable day in the 63 year history of our country's flag into battle and deliver heavy she is a goOd ship, and that she wm measure ·submarine Force. Few here are unaware punishment upon their enemy. The greater up to any task or challenge she may face. that this is the scene for two submarine the recognized ability of the ship to make And we know too, that the men who sail her launchings, and many of us here know that war, the greater ls her contribution to peace. will do so with the same spirit and dedication John a. Calhoun at Newport News and Daniel Flasher's contribution is certain to be a most as that shown by the men of the original Boone at Mare Island are also being launched significant one. Flasher, a spirit and dedication which ls part today; but all of you should know that this Actually, the ship before us is merely the of the Navy's great tradition. ls the first time in our history that we have hull of the man-of-war which she will soon We have built this ship with that tradi­ launched any submarine on the 22d of June become. The skilled craftsmen o! Electric tion in mind. And we have done so with or four submarines on any one day in peace·­ Boat have just begun to install the several the guidance of a fine and competent part­ time. thousand miles of wiring and the piping and ner, the Navy's Bureau of Ships. This is a remarkable achievement for our equipment which are required to make her We are pleased and honored to have with Nation's submarine builders and, a credit ready for sea. Step by step she wlll be made us tOday, the Chief of the Bureau, a man to the teamwork with the Navy which made ready to join the fleet. who, incidentally, ls a native of eastern it possible. We pay high. tribute to Electric We in the fleet are eager to have Flasher Connecticut, and who worked here at Elec­ Boat for their lion's share in this accomplish­ join us in keeping the peace. She is the tric Boat briefly before entering the Naval ment; and we are proud of our Nation's 10th attack submarine of the Thresher class Academy, Rear Adm. William A. Brockett. oldest submarine building shipyard on this to be launched, and from our experience at Admiral Brockett. memorable day. sea we know of the unparalleled capab111tles ADMIRAL BROCKETI''S REMARKS We have shared many significant occasions of this class of submarine. We need as many with Electric Boat but June 20, 1943, was of these fine submarines as our Nation can Distinguished guests, ladies and gentle­ marked for a particular kind of glory. On afford to build. We do expect, indeed, that men, scientists explain their rapid techno­ that wartime day 20 years ago the Navy they wlll become the fleet boat of our future logical advances of recent years by saying joined with Electric Boat in the launching submarine navy. that they stand on the shoulders of giants. of another Flasher. The small group which Third, the alliances of free nations They mean, of course, that their work is assembled for that occasion had little reason around the world depend upon the ab111ty based on that of those who preceded them. to foresee that this new submarine would of the people of the United States to project The same thing ls no less true of the con­ . someday carve for itself a place in U.S. sub­ their power for good across the sea. This struction of our highly intricate and compe­ marine history which was second to none in new Flasher wm contribute, as did her tent submarines of today. naval warfare. As that Flasher slid down namesake, to insuring that this Nation with In this hydrodynamlcally efficient hull, the ways they knew only that this weapon her ideals of individual freedom wlll pre­ such as Flasher has, are neatly fitted the of destruction had commenced the first leg of vail at sea in the presence of those who products of years of research and develop­ her long journey to enter the war in the would oppose us. She ls needed in our fleet ment. Dedicated men of many disciplines, Pacific. as much as was her predecessor who was naval architects, marine, electrical, mechan­ No one could know that during her rel­ born only to demonstrate her will, her skill, ical, and electronic engineers-have devoted atively short 14-month career in the war and her strength on the testing ground of their best efforts, over the years, to this end zone Flasher would prove to be the greatest the Pacific war. product. tonnage sweeper of all our subxnarines. At the same time we recognize that the Electric Boat ls known throughout the Under the command of Lt. Comdr. Reuben unprecedented military capabillties of these world as a principal repository of these very Whitaker and later Lt. Comdr. George Grider, ships has also meant unprecedented com­ special skllls. This remarkable ship ls the Flasher sank more shipping in her short plexity. Thus, we are able to see in these product of many distinguished ancestors, the career than was sunk by any submarine in ships the most advanced technology of any 0, the R, the S boats, the fleet submarines our naval history. in the world. This, in turn, has imposed of World War II, the Albacore (the hull Perhaps her greatest patrol was made in a tremendous challenge upon the men who form), and most importantly the Nautilus, late 1944 under Lt. Comdr. George Grider who are to man this ship, and a challenge far in which the quantum advance to nuclear is wl th us here today. greater than that for which the first Flash­ propulsion was proved out. Engaging in two of the most violent ac­ er received a presidential unit citation. The translation of concepts into reality tions of the war Flasher sank two destroyers To Commander Carnahan and the officers represented by the Flasher ls not easy. It re­ and four tankers. and men of this Flasher I ask only that you quires the special ab111ties of many skllled That outstanding submarine was awarded too be found worthy of the challenge you craftsmen, and I commend their contribu­ the Presidential Unit Citation for its success wm meet henceforth. I bid you good luck tion. As Flasher slides down the ways, we on the third, fourth, and fifth patrols, all in all adversity, in fair weather or foul, can all feel pride at this tangible evidence during 1944. The last part of that citation in peace or war. of the brains, the effort, the teamwork, which said "her brilliant record of achievement is a As Flasher slides down the ways into her can produce such outstanding ships for the reflection of the personal valor and superb future I trust that all of us may join in Nation's defense. seamanship of her officers and men." the traditional and reverent hope that Thank you. Today we are gathered to honor this new­ Flasher wlll be blessed throughout her life INTRODUCTION OF ADMIRAL GRENFELL est ship of the modern submarine navy. with fair winds and following seas. Thank you Admiral Brockett. We are in­ Flasher is not merely its name, or just any INTRODUCTION OF MRS. FAY name. As she ls christened remember that deed honored to have with us today one of Thank you Admiral Grenfell. We of Elec­ the operating fleet's most distinguished lead­ we also honor the men of the first Flasher who have set the standard of personal per­ tric Boat are proud and jealous of our role ers, the man who directs the activities of as a partner in the builder-user team that most of our Navy's nuclear submarines. He fection for the men who wm man her suc­ cessor. produces these great machines. ls a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy, Ladles and gentlemen, it's now my very holds a master of science degree from the As she ls launched we are witness to an ancient and stirring rite. This marvel of great pleasure to introduce to you the attrac­ · University of California, and for heroism in tive and gracious sponsor of this submarine. combat has been a.warded the Navy Cross, the engineering ls about to become a ship--to inherit the tradition from John Paul Jones She ls the mother of Kathy, Paul, and Sally, Silver Star Medal, and the Legion of Merit. who are here today. She is active in com­ I am proud and honored to present as our to the present-and to receive the spirit of munity affairs in her own home town of San principal speaker the commander of the those who built her and those that wlll man Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, Vice her. Francisco. She's active in Navy affairs in It is perhaps appropriate to pause for a Washington. It's a great pleasure to Intro­ Adm. Elton W. Grenfell. duce to you Mrs. Paul B. Fay, Jr., our spon­ Admiral Grenfell. moment and reflect upon the significance of this occasion. First of all, we are privileged sor. ADDRESS BY VICE ADM. E.W. GRENFELL, U.S. NAVY, today to take part in the ceremony which MRS. FAY'S REMARKS- COMMANDER, SUBMARINE FORCE, U.S. ATLANTIC will start on her way a splendid example of When Secretary Korth telephoned me and FLEET the wonderful teamwork between industry asked me if I would like to become the spon­ It ls a great privilege for me to join you and the Navy. Our national security rests in sor of the Flasher, our household was in a here today in helping to launch this fine great measure upon this team as never before turmoil of excitement. In fact, the last new ship upon her future career in the Sub- in history. thing my son said to me today was: "Mom, marine Force. . Secondly, our shores have been defended if you don't crack that bottle, you're going Once again, the Navy is deeply grateful to by sailormen in stout New England ships to be ln big trouble with the crew of the · the men of Electric Boat for building us .an- since the birth o! our Nation. We see before Flasher." 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 12043 So I hope everybody's praying for me. choice of Abdullah Aden as its first proved. We know we need better weapons But what I really came to say was that I President; Mr. Aden had been provi­ for antisub warfare. We know that we need am deeply grateful to be_given the opportu­ sional President from the day of Somali an anti-missile missile which would render nity to launch the Flasher. For I know that enemy missiles and attacks impotent. Most our country's strength and safety depends in independence. assume that no other nation has such a mis­ a great measure on our atomic submarines. In the economic sphere also the dire sile. We know, too, that any approach of For these ships are no better than the predictions have been proven false. The stalemate as equality in military strength officers and men who· operate them. Last mainstay of the country's economy has with communism would be a grave danger night, after talking to Commander Carnahan, continued to be the export of bananas since Russian and Chinese leaders would be I realized that our coming officers and crew and of hides, skins, and livestock, but delivering ultimatums to the United States. will be motivated, dedicated, and well trained. a wide range of development projects We also know we must develop new weapons I would like to salute the skipper, the com­ systems, never being content with weapons ing officers and crew, the technicians, the has been undertaken to improve these of the past. The RS-70, the mach 3 air­ workmen, who I know will _always be faith­ traditional industries and to diversify craft, Dyna-Soar, and other futuristic air ful to the trust that our country bas placed the economy. The fruit industry is be­ transportation must continue to be devel­ in them. ing expanded; cotton, wheat, and sor­ oped. In our defense the BMEWS (ballistic · Thank you. ghum cultivation are being developed. missile early warning system) and SAGE (semiautomatic ground environment) pro­ New industries-cement, textiles, and tect continental United States from missiles meat and dairy products-are being in­ and aircraft; and these defenses must be troduced. Port facilities are being ex­ . strengthened to foolproof if possible. Con­ Independence of Somalia tended; work on a $2½ million U.S.-aided current problems are found in contract port development scheme at Kismayu award protocol that in any subvert competi­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS began in September 1962. Also in 1962 tive bids; Government in business operations in manufacturing, distribution, insurance, OF a -hydrological and resources survey of considerable importance to the Somali banking, etc., and the impact on the U.S. economy if, as, and when the Government HON. ADAM C. POWELL Republic's long-term economic develop­ cuts back in military spending. Most im­ OF NEW YORK ment was initiated with financial assist­ portant to remember, of course, is the need IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ance from the U.N. Special Fund. for a strong, free economy from the profits of Monday, July 1, 1963 As a result of this progress, it is ex­ which taxes can be paid .to provide the money pected that within a few years the So­ necessary to maintain our military readiness. Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, today the mali Republic will be able to balance its Military weapons and manpower are non­ Republic of Somalia celebrates the third budget without recourse to the foreign productive and a drain on or wealth. We anniversary of her independence, and must continue to phase out old type weap­ aid it has depended on in the past. ons, replacing them with new revolutionary we wish to take this opportunity to send When Dr. Shermarke visited the United weapons far ahead of our enemies. warm felicitations to His Excelle;ncy, the States in 1962, he told President Ken­ President of . the Republic of Somalia, nedy that Somalia could not overcome its U.S. COMMUNISTS AND THE 1964 ELECTIONS Abdullah Aden; and His Excellency, the problems by its efforts alone but that it An amazing statement, frightening in its Somali Ambassador to the United States, implications, has been issued by the general had to become economically as well as secretary of the Communist Party U.S.A. In Dr. Omar Mohallim. politically independent if it was to a 10,000 word statement, "Political Parties The Somali Republic-comparable in achieve a better life for its people. and the 1964 Elections," Gus Hall, general area to our States of Kentucky, Tennes­ Our congratulations to the Somali secretary of the party, takes a stand on Presi­ see, Alabama, and Mississippi com­ Government and people for the com­ dent Kennedy and the Democratic Party. bined-covers approximately 178,000 mendable progress they have achieved in Republicans are rejected en masse by Hall. square miles on the eastern horn of 3 short years of independence. He calls for the defeat of all GOP candidates Africa. Bounded by the Gulf of Aden in 1964. He terms Republican candidates to the north, Somalia stretches from the "sinister." Leadership in the Republican Party consists of a "cabal", Communist Hall easternmost point of Africa 1,180 miles claims, and says it is riding roughshod over southwestward along the Indian Ocean. Washington Report confused and moderating counsel. On the African Continent it is bounded Hall waxes eloquent when he speaks of by Ethiopia and Kenya. EXTENSION OF REMARKS the good work being done by Kennedy and The forecast was unpropitious when the Democrats. He praises Kennedy because British Somaliland became independent OF the latter has "kept the lines of communica­ on June 26, 1960, to merge 5 days later tion open with Russia." He says Kennedy's HON. BRUCE ALGER quarantine of Cuban exiles and his ban on with Somalia, a former United Nations OF TEXAS trust territory under Italian adminis­ raids, bombing and invasion of Cuba by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES freedom fighters make up for his "mistake" tration. Pessimists pointed out that lit­ of blockading the island last year. tle preparation had been made for this Monday, July 1, 1963 Hall says Kennedy's sending of troops into union, that the newly independent coun­ Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, under Mississippi and Alabama, maintaining a co­ try had few natural resources, and that leave to extend my remarks in the REC­ operative position with Rev. Martin Luther King and other a.ctions merit Communist its political system based on rigid clanism ORD, I include the following newsletter of Party approval. "The time has come," Hall was hardly adaptable to 20th century June 29, 1963: democracy. The pessimists predicted declared, "to abolish the theory of States that the new nation could not long sur­ WASHINGTON REPORT rights in this Nation." (By Congressman BRUCE ALGER, Fifth Dis­ Hall spoke of a broad movement, which vive. trict, Texas) the Communists back, consisting of labor The balance sheet 3 years later, how­ DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS organizations, peace movements, and youth ever, shows that the Somali Republic has and civil rights groups engaged in ever more not only survived but that it has also The Department of Defense appropriation militant actions. He said the country needs achieved steady progress since inde­ bill for 1964 involved $47 billion divided in a new Federal charter (the present one is the this way-military personnel, $12.8 billion; Constitution). Kennedy also has called for pendence. When the two territories operation and maintenance, $11.6 billion, united, a coalition government was a new Constitution. Hall said the Commu­ procurement, $15.7 billion; research, develop­ nist Party would not field its own candidates formed under the premiership of Dr. ment, testing and evaluation, $6.9 billion. next year but would work to "shape decisions Abdirashid Ali Shermarke. In spite of Divided between the services in this way­ on Negro candidates, peace candidates and several political crises and cabinet Army, $12 billion; Navy, $14.3 billion; Air labor candidates in the primaries." changes this government is still in power. Force $18.3 billion; defense agencies, $2.2 bil­ Making no bones about who should war­ Although the democratic constitution­ lion. These sums do not include military rant support of Communist Party members which provides for a representative assistance in foreign aid, military construc­ and sympathizers, Hall said: "Almost all tion at home and abroad, military family people's political movements ( Communist President as head of state and an execu­ housing, and civil defense. The final bill tive Prime Minister and Council of Min­ Jargon for party line movements) are op­ cut $1.9 billion from the budget estimates. erating within the orbit of the Democratic isters-was drafted in Italian adminis­ The blll, the report and Members of Con­ Party, and the serious left must, therefore, tered Somalia prior to unification, it has gress assume that we now have and will con­ give support to these movements." Perhaps now been ratified in the area formerly tinue to !llaintain military superiority over even many Democrats may be a little under British control. The National any other power. _Some say that we cannot frightened at the s~tements of Gus Hall, Assembly has confirmed by election the prove this, but then neither can it be dis- and will want to repudiate them and the 12044 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE July t policies of 'the administration which bring are becoming l;>older, more arroga!).t and are people may, indeed, determine it is not an forth such strong approval of the Communist making more and more demands for sur­ essential part of our Goverrunent. If this Party. render of the principles for which we have day comes, Congress must bear the respon­ stood throughout our history. Communism sibility because we have failed to stop the ALGER COMMENTS THIS WEEK ON PERTINENT is strengthening its hold on the Western erosion of our legislative powers by the ISSUES Hemisphere, our allies seem to have lost all President and the Supreme Court. Probably no administration in the history confidence in U.S. leadership and are openly The President's efforts in the area of race of the United States has had such a record contemptuous in demanding more money as relations are probably due the same failure of complete failure as the present one. Our a price of future alliances. The bright he has achieved in all other areas of our domestic policies are in a shamble with law­ golden promises of the candidate of the New national life with which he has tried to defying mobs running rampant in cities Frontier are now tarnished with the leaden experiment. The failure will be for the same across the land; people are being hurt and burden of a President who has been unable reason, his misunderstanding of human na­ killed and all the President can suggest as to understand or cope with the problems ture and his lack of knowledge of people. a solution is to give in to the demands of which confront the Chief Executive of this Our relationship with one another can those who are creating the disorder. Stulti­ Nation. never be directed by force, but rather fying taxes and ever increasing Federal The great strength of the system of gov­ through knowledge, understanding and con­ spending at the insistence of the President ernment adopted by our Founding Fathers science. The Negroes, who today are look­ are fast drying up capital needed for new was in the constitutional powers of three ing for President Kennedy to use the power ventures and an expanding economy with the distinct branches of government, the execu­ of his office to enforce discrimination in result that our economic growth is being tive, the legislative, and the Judicial. There their favor, may regret the day they deserted strangled by an ever-expanding Federal is a grave danger that Congress may become the steady march of progress through orderly bureaucracy. Abroad, U.S. prestige and so ineffective through the delegation of its processes based on reason in favor of a resort power has never been as low. Our enemies constitutional responsibilities, that the to violence and intimidation.

SENATE THE JOURNAL dered to be printed in the RECORD, as On request of Mr. McCLELLAN, and by follows: unanimous consent, the reading of the HOUSE MEMORIAL 2029 TUESDAY, JULY 2, 1963 Memorial to the Congress of the United Journal of the proceedings of Friday, States to authorize the release of all un­ The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian, June 28, 1963, was dispensed with. improved U.S. lands in Wakulla County, and was called to order by Hon. Fla., for the use of the public for recrea­ MAURINE B. NEUBERGER, a Senator from tional purposes the State of Oregon. LIMITATION OF STATEMENTS Resolved by the Legislature of the State The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown DURING MORNING HOUR of Florida, That the Congress of the United Harris, D.D., offered the following States be, and it is hereby, requested to au­ prayer: On request of Mr. McCLELLAN, and by thorize the release of all unimproved U.S. unanimous consent, statements during land in Wakulla County, Fla., tor the use of Lord of all being, throned afar, Thou the morning hour were ordered limited the public for recreational purposes; and be who art the center and soul of every to 3 minutes. - it further sphere, yet to each loving heart how Resolved, That copies of this memorial be near; nearer than the hands and feet dispatched to the President of the United States, to the President of the U.S. Senate, to · that serve us, nearer than the problems PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS that front us, nearer even than the com­ the Speaker of the House of Representatives Petitions, etc., were laid before the of the United States, and to each member of rades who walk beside us. the Florida congressional delegation. O Thou who art the author of liberty, Senate, or presented, and referred as in­ dicated: Filed in office of secretary of state June 25, as our grateful Nation comes once more 1963. to the birthday of its daring advent By the ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ among the established governments of pore: A resolution adopted by the Florida Junior HOUSE MEMORIAL 2030 the world, may this latest natal day of Chamber of Commerce, in convention at Las Memorial to the Congress of the United the state find in the hearts of all true Vegas, Nev., favoring the enactment of leg­ States to release all U.S. lands on the banks Americans a vow, registered in heaven, islation to establish the Freedom Commis­ of the St. Marks River for homesites and that no sacrifice will be avoided as too sion and the Freedom Academy; to the Com­ for industrial use costly to defend and preserve our free­ mittee on Foreign Relations. Whereas development of the St. Marks dom as diabolical forces that have not River as a navigable waterway creates a great Thee in awe plot their destruction. need for homesites and industrial sites along For the triumph of the global crusade RESOLUTIONS OF LEGISLATURE OF the river, and now raging, whose victory will mean that Whereas the major portion of all land on THE STATE OF FLORIDA the banks of the St. Marks River is owned men everywhere will live in freedom, we Mr. HOLLAND. Madam President, I by the United States: Now, therefore, be it set- up our banners; and in this Thy present, for appropriate reference and Resolved by the Legislature of the State of glorious day, we lift our living Nation a insertion in the RECORD, three memorials Florida, That the Congress of the United single sword to Thee. adopted by the Legislature of the State States· be, and it is hereby, requested to re­ We ask it in the name of the One whose of Florida. They are: lease all U.S. lands on the banks of the St. truth makes all men free. Amen. Marks River for sale to the public for use House Memorial 2029, a memorial to as homesites and industrial sites; and be it the Congress of the United States to au­ further DESIGNATION OF ACTING PRESI­ thorize the release of all unimproved Resolved, That copies of this memorial be U.S. lands in Wakulla County, Fla., for dispatched to the President of the United DENT PRO TEMPORE the use of the public for recreational States, to the President of the U.S. Senate, The legislative clerk read the follow­ purposes; to the Speaker of the House of Representa­ ing letter: House Memorial 2030, a memorial to tives of the United States, and to each mem­ U.S. SENATE, the Congress of the United States to re­ ber of the Florida congressional delegation. PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, Filed in office of secretary of state June 25, Washington, D.C., July 2, 1963. lease ell U.S. lands on the banks of the 1963. To the Senate: St. Marks River for homesites and for industrial use; and Being temporarily absent from the Senate, HOUSE MEMORIAL 2031 I appoint Hon. MAURINE B. NEUBERGER, a Sen­ House Memorial 2031, to the Col)gress ator from the State of Oregon, to perform of the United States to authorize the Memorial to the Congress of the United the duties of the Chair during my absence. release of U.S. land at Otter Lake, Wa­ States to authorize the release of U.S. land CARL HAYDEN, at Otter Lake, Wakulla County, Fla., for kulla County, Fla., for the creation of a the creation of a State park President pro tempore. State park. · Resolved by the Legislature of the State of Mrs. NEUBERGER thereupon took There being no objection, the resolu­ Florida: That the Congress of the United the chair as Acting President pro tem­ tions were referred to the Committee on States be and it is hereby requested to au­ pore. Interior and. Insular· Affairs, and or- . thorize the release of U.S. land at ott_er Lake,