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Home , Austin App, Captive Nations, Captive Nations Week, July 1969, Lev Dobriansky, Lift Off (sculpture)

19756 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE , 1969 out with his left arm and pull a D-shaped And at 1: 55 p.m.-after a total of 21 hours favored raising both the American and United handle, opening a storage bay and exposing and 26 minutes on the surface-Eagle will Nations standards. the lens of a black-and-white TV camera. blastoff to rejoin Columbia. "The planting of the flag is symbolic of In 1.3 seconds, the time it takes light to the first time man has landed on another reach the earth, we will see Armstrong's legs OUR FLAG IN AN AIRLESS Vom celestial body and does not constitute a ter­ carefully moving down the ladder. Ever since the Age of Exploration, man has ritorial claim by the ," the space A moment later, men on earth will see man yearned to plant his banners on remote and agency said in a terse statement. walking on the moon. distant shores. When and More enthusiastically publicized by Nasa For the first half hour, Armstrong will test make it to the lunar surface, is a plaque which the astronauts will unveil his mobility on the surface, collect a two­ the Stars and Stripes will fly on the farthest and leave on the moon, bearing images Of pound "grab bag" rock sample, which is a shore of all. the earth's two hemispheres, signatures of contingency sample in case the walk has to be Plans call for Armstrong and Aldrin to the three astronauts and President cut short, and receive equipment and a cam­ jointly implant a three- by five-foot nylon Nixon, and carrying the insoription: era via a conveyor belt from Aldrin. Amerfoan flag about an hour after they step "Here men from the planet Earth first set At this point, Aldrin makes his appeairance onto the moon. foot upon the Moon July 1969, A.D. We came on the moon. It will be erected on an eight-foot-tall alu­ in peace for all mankind." For the next two hours, the astronauts minum staff, tubing along the top edge of Also to be left on the moon iJS a silicon collect rocks and soil with a scoop on a three­ the flag keeping it unfurled in the airless disk about the size of a half dollar bearing foot-long handle, filling two containers. lunar environment. messages from more than 100 world leaders. Two hours and 40 minutes after Arm­ Raising of the American flag-and only the To flt them all on the disk, the messages have strong opens the hatch, both crewmen should American flag-was mandated recently by been reduced to about l/200th of their origi­ be back aboard Eagle. Oongress. Space agency senior officials had nal size.

. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, July 16, 1969

The House met at 12 o'clock noon. history is supporting the wisdom of We ask God's blessings on this great The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, those decisions of 1958. adventure of the human spirit. D.D., offered the following prayer: We welcome the sense of sharing which other nations have had in this Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make endeavor. Their flags are being carried THEY ALSO SERVE WHO STAND straight in the desert a highway for our to the moon and statements of many AND WAIT God.-Isaiah 40: 3. of their national leaders will be left as

PROCLAMATION OF CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK oppressed and subjugated peoples all over the invite and urge all citizens to give renewed IN WHEELING, W. VA. world. devotions to the aspirations of all people for Whereas, the imperialistic policies of Rus­ In witness whereof, I have hereunto set independence and human liberty. sian Communists have led, through direct my hand and caused to be affixed the great In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set and indirect aggression, to the subjugation seal of the City of Trenton this 7th day of my hand and caused the Corporate Seal of and enslavement of the people of Poland, July, 1969. the City of Cleveland to be affixed this 10th Hungary, Lithuania, Ukraine, Czecho­ CARMEN J. ARMENT!, day of July 1969. slovakia, Latvia, Estonia, White Ruthenia, Mayor. CARL B. STOKES, Rumania, East Germany, Bulgaria, Main­ May01'. land China, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, PROCLAMATION OF THE CITY OF YOUNGSTOWN North Korea, Albania, Idel-Ural, Serbia, Whereas, the imperialistic policies of Rus­ PROCLAMATION OF THE CITY OF MILWAUKEE Croatia, Slovenia, Tibet, Cossackia, Tur­ sian Communists have led, through direct Whereas, This year marks the Tenth An­ kestan, North Vietnam, Cuba and others; and and indirect aggression, to the subjugation niversary of the enactment by the 86th Con­ Whereas, the desire for liberty and inde­ and enslavement of the peoples of Poland, gress, in July, 1959, of Public Law 86-90 pendence by the overwhelming majority of Hungary, Lithuania, Ukraine, Czecho-Slo­ which designated that the third week of peoples in these conquered nations consti­ vakia, Latvia, Estonia, White Ruthenia, July is to be set aside each year for the ob­ tutes a powerful deterrent to any ambitions Rumania, East Germany, Bulgaria, Mainland servance of Captive Nations Week in order of Communist leaders to initiate a major war; China, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, North that our citizens may be reminded of the and Korea, Albania, Idel-Ural, Serbia, Croatia, millions of peoples in the countries to So­ Whereas, the freedom-loving peoples of the Slovenia, Tibet, Cossackia, Turke::.tan, North viet-dominated East-Central Europe who are captive nations look to the United States Vietnam, Cuba, and others; and struggling valiantly to throw off the yoke as the citadel of human freedom and to the Whereas, the desire for liberty and in­ of oppression so that they may again enjoy people of the United States as leaders 1n dependence by the overwhelming majority of the freedoms which should rightfully be bringing about their freedom and independ­ peoples in these conquered nations con­ theirs; and ence; and stitutes a powerful deterrent to any ambi­ Whereas, Events of the past year through­ Whereas, the Congress of the United States tions of Communist leaders to initiate a out several of these countries have offered by unanimous vote passed Public Law 86-90 major war; and graphic proof that the fires af freedom are establishing the third week in July each Whereas, the freedom-loving peoples of the still burning brightly in the hearts of the year as Captive Nations Week and inviting c31ptive nations look to the United States as people, many of whom have given concrete the people of the United States to observe the citadel of human freedom and to the evidence of their willingness to sacrifice even such week with appropriate prayers, cere­ people of the United States as leaders in life itself in their intense desire to regain monies and activities; expressing their sym­ bringing about their freedom and independ­ the rights which are their heritage; and pathy with and support for the just aspira­ ence; and Whereas, We who take our freedom for tions of captive peoples for freedom and in­ Whereas, the Congress of the United States granted have a solemn obligation to assure dependence: by unanimous vote passed Public Law 86-90 these captive peoples that they have our Now, therefore, I, James L. Rogers, Mayor establishing the third week in July each year moral support and encouragement 1n their of Wheeling, West Virginia, do hereby pro­ as Captive Nations Week and inviting the struggles against overwhelming odds, es­ claim that the week commencing July 13, people of the United States to observe such pecially since we know that their desire for 1969, be observed as Captive Nations Week in week with appropriate prayers, ceremonies liberty and independence constitutes a pow­ Wheeling, West Virginia, and call upon the and activities; expressing their sympathy erful deterrent to war and offers one of man­ citizens of Wheeling to join with others in with and support for the just aspirations of kind's brightest hopes for a just and lasting observing this week by offering prayers and captive peoples for freedom and independ­ peace; dedicating their efforts for the peaceful lib­ ence. Now, therefore, I, Henry W. Maler, Mayor eration of oppressed and subjugated peoples Now, therefore, I, Anthony B. Flask, as of Milwaukee, do hereby join with govern­ all over the world. Mayor of the City of Youngstown, Ohio, do mental leaders throughout our great coun­ JAMES L. ROGERS, hereby proclaim that the week commencing try in proclaiming the week of July 13-19, May

The American people, blessed by God with In this land of the free, it is difficul•t to munist bloc crumbles and freedom is re­ freedom and material wealth have the op­ believe thait there can still exist in this stored to all captive nations. portunity to express themselves on the tenth twentieth century, systems of government BYELORUSSIAN .AMERICAN WOMEN'S AS­ anniversary of "Captive Nations Week" and which deny their people fundamental human SOCIATION. to demonstrate to the captive nations that rights, and base their industrial and techni­ CZECHOSLOVAK NATIONAL COUNCIL OF they a.re their true friends and allies. The cal progress on the labor of depressed and WOMEN IN EXILE. U.S. Government and the governments of deprived masses of their people, or that in­ GEORGIAN NATIONAL ALLIANCE. other free countries can enhance their pres­ tellectuals and others are still being impris­ UKRAINIAN NATIONAL WOMEN'S LEAGUE tige and influence by capitalizing upon the oned or exiled to slave labor for daring to OF AMERICA, !NC. cleavages and discontent which the captive question or protest the harsh dtctatorships WOMEN FOR FREEDOM, INC. nations create for the Russian Communist that deny basic freedoms. The guilt of many (NoTE.-This statement was prepared and masters. present-day regimes is all the greater be­ distributed by Women for Freedom, Inc., On this occasion, we should make sure cause they are signatories to the Universal July, 1969.) that the concern over the captive nations is Declaration of Human Rights and, in most part and parcel of our foreign policy, and cases, membeTs of the United Nations dedi­ (By unanimous consent, Mr. STRATTON that it is more than just speech-making and cated to implementing those very rights, as­ asked and was-given permission to extend ceremonial manifestations, but that it is one suring freedom and justtce to all. his remarks at this point in the RECORD.) of the basic principles and a dedicated policy While condemning colonialism and assist­ Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, I am of our commitment to the cause of universal ing in the dissolution of empires, what have glad to join in paying tribute to this 10th freedom. the Communist nations of the Ten years ago the U.S. Congress enacted and mainland China done except deny free­ anniversary celebration of Captive Na­ this far-sighted legislation which is the Cap­ dom to their own people, a.t the same time tions Week. I am grateful to the distin­ tive Nations Week Resolution in defense o:f seeking to reduce to colonial status whatever guished gentleman from Pennsylvania the captive nations. It is now up to our territories they oould dominate as satellites?

. 19786 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 16, 1969 unresolved problems bequeathed by the Sec­ members of the Atlantic Alliance to main­ BULGARIA ond World War. The Brezhnev Doctrine tain, and where possible strengthen, NATO's The Bulgarian Orthodox Church was brings into focus the sad fact of the perpet­ defense forces. This alone will help counter transformed into a "people's Church," serv­ uation in power of unpopular Communist any temptation of further Communist ag­ ing State interests. The regime created an regimes-imposed by a foreign power-tha.t gression-by force or threat of force. Exarchate and Patriarchate in order to break are not responsive to the will of the peoples We appeal to the People of the United off all external connections. According to an over whom they rule. States of America to manifest during Cap­ article that appeared in the April 18, 1968 The record of over two decades of Commu­ tive Nations Week, July 13-19, 1969, their issue of Rabotnichesko Delo, the percentage nist rule shows that the legitimate aspira­ awareness of the importance of freedom for of Orthodox believers declined from 84.89 in tions of the captive European nations have 100 million peoples in the Communist-domi­ 1948 to 75.25 in 1962. This could be attrib­ long been thwarted by Soviet hegemony over nated lands to the establishment of a valid uted to the docility of the Orthodox leader­ the area. Now, with the advent of the Brezh­ European settlement and world peace. ship vis-a-vis the Communist regime. Al­ nev Doctrine, the USSR has in fact tried to CHRISTOPHER EMMET, though there was no official Catholic Church make this arbitrary arrangement accepted Chairman, American Friends of the Cap­ in Bulgaria, the number of Catholics doubled on a permanent basis. tive Nations. between 1934 and 1962. In the same period In the light of this doctrine, which is a JOZEF LETTRICH, the number of Protestants quadrupled. The justification for aggressive imperialism, the Chairman, Assembly of Captive Euro­ Muslims increased from 13.51 in 1945 to 18.88 Soviet Union has in effect placed its own pean Nations. per cent in 1962. Only ten thousand re­ interests over the inherent right to national Mr. Speaker, I also would like to take main in the country. Some 40,000 took ad­ sovereignty and fundamental human rights vantage of the opportunity to migrate to of the peoples living in the Communist orbit. this occasion to call the attention of the . · This doctrine can have a far-reaching im­ Members and others to the article by Msgr. John Balkunas on "Religion Un­ CZECHOSLOVAKIA pact on the future of not only the captive After the relations between European nations, but also of the free world. der Communism," as follows: the State and the Churches improved. The If the doctrine remains unchallenged, it may RELIGION UNDER COMMUNISM churches were permitted to submit their tum the United Nations Charter into a (By Msgr. John Balkunas) grievances and demands to the newly ap­ shambles. As a result of this doctrine, all (NoTE.-The author is a noted American pointed special rapporteur of the cabinet for Communist parties are expected to follow ecclesiastical affairs, the then Deputy Pre­ automatically the dictates of the Kremlin. clergyman and lecturer. Monsignor Balkunas is also a cultural and civic leader of the mier Dr. Gustav Husak. A procedure for re­ The acceptance by t~e Communist govern­ habilitation of church leaders unjustly per­ ments in East-Central Europe of the new American-Lithuanian community and Presi­ dent of the Conference of Americans of Cen­ secuted in the past was initiated. As a result Soviet doctrine is tantamount to complete of this new atmosphere, negotiations between abdication of the sovereign rights of these tral and Eastern European Descent, CACEED.) the Holy See and Prague regarding normal­ nations. ization of their mutual relations are now The Brezhnev Doctrine is against the vital The story of Communist persecution o! religion in East-Central Europe is a sordid taking place. interests of all captive European nations, the All Christian churches and religious com­ Charter of the United Nations, international drama of hate and vtolence. Yet, even to­ day, we see and hear reports by touring munities rallied in support of the liberal law and the accepted norms of civilized na­ Oommunlst leader Dubcek and President tions. It is therefore deemed essential that Westerners, including in some cases clergy­ Svoboda during the seven months of the the free world oppose the newly enunciated men, who declare: "I have seen the crowded "Czechoslovak Spring" (January-August, Soviet policy of aggressive imperialism and churches, the religious services, the priests 1968) and, in particular, during the August defend the traditional principles and norms and ministers.'' On the basis of a superficial invasion and later under the Soviet occupa­ of international law, in order to maintain glance, these tourists thus conclude that tion. This move was spontaneous and sin­ world peace, security and freedom for all there is real freedom of religion in the Com­ cere, since for the first time after twenty nations. munist states. years of oppression the Churches enjoyed For the peoples of East-Central Europe, it Ideologically the Oommunists cannot per­ relative freedom. is important to learn of the continued de­ mit loyalty and faith in a Divine authority. At present, parents reportedly do not have termination of the free governments of the To do so would threaten the very founda­ to fear harassment for sending their children world to lend their moral and political sup­ tion of the official materialistic philosophy. to classes of religious instruction. Nor is port to the rightful aspirations of their Atheistic communism cannot view man as there yet any visible anti-religious propa­ captive East-Central European brethren. an individual value possessing an immortal ganda, even though the Soviet and the War­ While commemorating this year's Captive soul. saw Pact countries' newspapers and maga­ Nations Week: Although the Communists cannot suc­ zines repeatedly stress the need to improve We stress that the Soviet Union has de­ ceed in rooting out a ma.n's yearning for atheistic education and propaganda to ul­ monstrably violated its solemn promises of religion, they seek to replace faith in God timately eradicate all religions. with a secular cult dominated by the Com­ freedom and independence to the nine na­ ESTONIA tions made captive during and after World munist ideology. War II-Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, The Communist attack on religion and The Soviet press is usually silent on the Estionia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland churches is generally carried out in four question of churches. Therefore little in­ and Rumania; forms. First, terror and violence are em­ formation ls available on Church-State rela­ We also stress that the Communist regimes ployed against the clergy a.nd the faithful. tions. For example, the Luthern Church of in the East-Central European nations con­ Second, religious groups are deprived of Soviet-occupied Estonia was granted mem­ tinue to be unresponsive to the will of the their newspapers, publications and books. bership in the Luthern World Federation at people by denying them the right to periodic Third, organized religion is either suppressed the Helsinki Conference of August 1963. The and genuinely free elections. or is dominated by the Communist regime. meeting was attended by the Archbishop of Fourth, indoctrination Of youth in Com­ the Estonian Church, Jaan Kiivit. Obviously We appeal to the free governments of the munist ideas is given top priority. the Church could not apply for membership nations of the world: But despite these maneuvers, religion con­ in an international organization without the - 1. To declare, in accordance with the prin­ tinues to exist and in some areas it even approval of Soviet authorities. Despite this, ciples of the Atlantic Charter, the Universal prospers. Parents give secret religious in­ the Estonian papers did not mention the Declaration of Human Rights and the Dec­ struction to their children. Young people admission of the Soviet Estonian Lutheran laration on the Granting of Independence are insisting upon Church weddings and Church into the World Federation. to Colonial Countries, adopted by the United baptisms for their children. Feast days and Nations on October 14, 1960, their support HUNGARY of the right to self-determination of all peo­ religious festivals continue to be observed A new situation has developed in the wake ples held captive by the Communists and, in spite of regime pressures. of last year's negotiations conducted in Buda­ consequently, to make this issue the per­ ALBANIA pest and at the Vatican. On January 23, 1969 manent concern of the United Nations; The Moslem and Orthodox Churches were Pope Paul VI filled ten Church posts in Hun­ 2. To repudiate the intent and objectives purged and their hierarchy "nationalized.'' gary in one of the most sweeping moves of the Brezhnev Doctrine, including its im­ The Roman Catholic Ohurch, which ac­ to restore Church life in the country. The plied recognition of the spheres of influence counts for 10 per cent of the population, was appointments ended a five-year deadlock be­ and of the status quo in East and Central persecuted by mass arrests of the clergy. All tween the Vatican and Budapest and affect Europe; in all, however, the anti-religious campaign the government of eight of Hungary's eleven 3. To bring to world attention the urgent has not fulfilled its objective. In dioceses. However, a Vatican announcement need for a responsible attitude by the free a meeting of the Party Committee of Gjiro­ made clear that the two sides were still at nations of the world designed to help bolster kastra dealt with the questions of youth odds over the status of Jozsef Cardinal the morale of the East-Central European education a.nd stated that it was not justi­ Mlndszenty, who has been in self-tmposed peoples and thus create a climate favorable fied to assume that religion did not exist asylum in the American Embassy in Budapest to their quest for full national independence any more in Albania because churches and since Soviet tanks crushed the 1956 uprising. and individual freedom. mosques were closed. On the contrary, re­ The Protestant Churches also had to face 4. As pa.rt of this effort, we call on the ligion was still alive among the people, in­ regime attacks. In 1967 the Reformed Church United States Government and on other cluding the youth. worked out a new constitution. Only persons July 16, 1.96.9 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 19787 approved by the regime belong to the new authorities bestowing the name on the child Many of those living in the lackluster leadership. The Lutheran Church is headed in a completely civil ceremony. The same ls light of Communist domination are bound by Bishop Ottlyk, whose direct contacts with true of marriages--efforts continue to make by ancestral ties with us here today. In the Party are generally known in Church more of the civil signing of the registry book circles. and thus denigrate marriage ceremonies in some cases these ties may have loosened LATVIA church. with the passage of generations; but in Latvia is a predominantly Lutheran coun­ RUMA.NIA others, they are kept strong by commu­ try. Of the 287 Evangelical Lutheran The era of open religious persecution crune nicating with relatives in lands where the Churches in service in 1937, only 86 re­ to an end a few years ago. The general liberties we long have enjoyed have mained open in 1968. According to the re­ amnesty of 1964 set free a great majority of either disappeared or never existed. gime-supported Church Yearbook for 1968, political and religious prisoners. The Just a few days ago, Americans across published in Riga, only 32 pastors are per­ octogenarian bishop Iuliu Hossu, the only the length and breadth of this Nation mitted to perform their duties. Others are survivor of the suppressed Catholic Church celebrated the most important day in forced to do manual labor. The Latvian Bap­ Hierarchy of the Byzantine Rite, is still in­ their history-the Fourth of July. That tist Church is stm administered by 60 carcerated. Otherwise, only sporadic arrests pastors. Latvia's half a million Roman Cath­ and trials on religious grounds have been day is our own special symbol, our re­ olics are serviced by only 70 per cent of the staged during the recent years. minder of the time when this Govern­ prewar clergy. Both the State and Church contributed to ment's forefathers broke the shackles Latvian clergymen who are allowed to go bringing about the uneasy, but relatively which bound them to another country to international gatherings in the free world quiet coexistence. The clergy and faithful and other rulers. Those shattered chains do so as a part of Soviet delegations. The have painfully learned to limit their activi­ of tyranny acted as a magnet, subse­ separation from the free world is so hermeti­ ties to strictly religious functions on the quently drawing millions of people to cal that theology students are never per­ premises of the churches, and to individual "the land of the free." America became mitted to study abroad, and only in a very pastoral guidance. Sermons must follow cer­ known as the melting pot of the world few cases have Western clergyµien been per­ tain pre-established norms. Even anti-reli­ mitted to officiate at church services. gious propaganda and indoctrination have where nationalities, religious and politi­ changed their tone by being more subtle and cal beliefs and philosophies gradually LITHUANIA mixed, resulting in a product of men who Eighty per cent of Lithuania's 3,096,000 more persuasive. Churchgoers continue to be people are Roman Catholics. Police action tailed, but more discreetly. Children and led this Nation to heights of greatness against the clergy and the faithful con­ youths generally are kept busy on Sundays never before achieved in the history of tinues. Churches have to pay high taxes. For with "voluntary progrruns." this world. The strength of its greatness example, the Cathedral of Kaunas has to pay RELIGION AND HUMAN RIGHTS is its freedom; the belief all men are an annual tax of 6,000 rubles. All Church Since religion is one of the factors in the created equal with the rights of life, buildings and chattels are property of the formation of man's convictions and disposi­ liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. State for which the faithful must pay high tion, and the Church is a repository of his Yet we do not forget the nations of our rents. Every clergyman must register with trust and devotion, the resolute efforts of parents and grandparents. In my con­ the Council of Church Affairs. Priests are the Communist system to divert the action gressional district, for example, customs forbidden to communicate with the lay peo­ of religion and church to the service of its ple or to teach children religion; they are cause is understandable. Church and reli­ and traditions of a multitude of nation­ ridiculed in the press and have no civil gion must either serve the Communist sys­ alities are kept alive through various an­ redress. tem, as in the case with the Orthodox Church nual summer festivals which includes the According to the law of May 20, 1966 par­ in the Soviet Union, Bulgaria and Rumania, famous "International Village," a gala ents guilty of any effort to educate a child or the Church must be completely eliminated 3-day celebration at McKeesport, Pa. religiously are liable to three years imprison­ from social life. The festival is one of gaiety, drawing to­ ment. On June 29, 1968 a new family law One-third of the world's population is liv­ gether Slovaks, Czechs, Hungarians, was promulgated in .Lithuania, requiring ing under an atheistic system which is apply­ Poles, Irish, Scots, Germans, English, parents to bring up their children accord­ ing every possible means to destroy Chris­ ing to the Communist moral code. In the tianity as well as other religions. This is un­ and a host of others from the industrial event they do not fulfill this obligation, doubtedly the most dramatic struggle ever area known as the Mon-Yough Valley. the children may be taken from them, and witnessed in the world's history of religion. They sing, dance, and dress as did their they would lose their parental rights. A Yet the situation of Christianity in the coun­ ancestors, sharing in traditions which student accused of practicing religion or tries within the Communist orbit is not have spanned the centuries. But they are being a believer finds it extremely difficult without hope. aware they can do so only because they to continue his studies in the universities. Article 18 O'f the Universal Declaration of are Americans and free to do so. All government employees, teachers and stu­ Human Rights declares: "Everyone has the dents are under constant surveillance. Last summer, a segment of those peo­ right to freedom of thought, conscience and ple were given a grim reminder how pre­ POLAND religion; this right includes freedom to cious that freedom is. They, as you here The Roman Catholic Church in the change his religion or belief, and freedom course of Polish history has always identi­ either alone or in community with others and must, remember Czechoslovakia in the fied itself with national ideals and has been in public or private, to manifest his religion summer of 1968. They, as you, read and considered a symbol of Polish freedom. Un­ or belief in teaching, practicing worship and heard how the Czech people sipped der the pressure of the events of October observance." briefly the heady wine of freedom. They, 1956, the Communist regime agreed to im­ With this in mind, we hope and pray that as you, learned how quickly the sweet prove the situation of the Church. The the time will come when the free nations will turned sour with a brutal retaliation for Catholic Primate, Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski, effectively help make the Declaration appli­ having even dared try to escape the yoke reached a new agreement on Church-State cable in the full sense of the word for all relations-. The agreement, while recognizing peoples. Our efforts and energies should be of domination. the lay character of the schools, provides for directed toward this aim. All freedom, it In 1959, the late Dwight D. Eisen­ religious teaching for children who have their should be remembered, are secure within the hower, in his office as President of these parents' consent. freedom of thought and conscience. United States, proclaimed the third week Ever since 1957, the State--by means of of July as Captive Nations Week and in­ administrative measures-has been trying to Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, once again vited the American people to observe the whittle away these advantages. Nevertheless, this Congress is meeting to proclaim and occasion with appropriate ceremonies the relations between the Gomulka regime urge nationwide observance of Captive and activities. Included in the official and the Church are probably better now Nations Week. It is the 11th consecutive proclamation was the stipulation that than they had been during the past few year that leaders of this Nation-the similar action be taken each year "until years. Evidence of this is the granting of a symbol of freedom to hundreds of mil­ passport to Cardinal Wyszynski for his visit such time as freedom and independence to Rome. Suddenly it is not quite as difficult lions still denied that basic right of shall have been achieved for all the cap­ to pet a permit to construct a new church; man-formally issue words of hope and tive nations of the world." This has been it is not as difficult to get a permit for public encouragement that one day all men done by the late President John F. Ken­ processions on holy days. In fact, at a Corpus may hold their heads high, proud in the nedy, former President Lyndon B. John­ Christi procession in a village outside of knowledge that they too are free. Free to son, and now by President Richard M. Warsaw, the militia were even directing come and go as they choose; free to wor­ Nixon. How many such proclamations traffic. ship as they choose; free not only to But the Communist regime has not with­ will be issued until their hopes are con­ drawn from the battle. The regime has re­ think as they choose, but to express those verted into reality, no one knows. cently given considerable publicity to what thoughts in words and print; free not But we, as free Americans, and those is believed to be the first civil "christening" jui;;t to choose those who would govern citizens of captive nations, must never of a child in a civil registry office, with the them but also to criticize those governors. lose the courage to continue striving, in 19788 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 16, 1969 any way we can, toward that day when to the cause of restoration of freedom to the clearly gained momentum in world affairs freedom and justice replaces tyranny and captive peoples of communism. but to reach maximum effectiveness we must terror in every corner of our God-given This month, the tenth observance of Cap­ develop a totally coordinated attack against tive Nations Week is being celebrated in the the Communists in propaganda, diplomatic earth. United States and seventeen free world and economic fields. The Communists must Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise countries. Since that first July in 1959, after be kept on the defensive in all fields and the in support of the observance of Captive the United States Congress passed the Cap­ internal dissent which exists in every Com­ Nations Week, a week which should have tive Nations Week resolution and President munist-held nation must be effectively nur­ special meaning to all of us who have the Eisenhower signed it into law, we have con­ tured by free world forces. very great privilege of living and working ducted ten annual weeks in symbolic behalf I re-emphasize that one of the main rea­ in freedom within the United States. This of the captive nations. sons why communism will meet defeat is the annual event serves as a vivid reminder Captive Nations Week is accomplishing failure of Red efforts to suppress legitimate what it set out to do. The apparent disinte­ nationalistic aspirations. The Soviet Rus­ to all Americans of the plight of the 100 gration of the Communist monolith favor­ sians are attempting to achieve the dreams million East and Central Europeans liv­ ably reinforces the course and goals of the of the Russian czars for territorial expansion, ing in captivity under the tyranny of movement, particularly the force of patriotic and thus the people of the captive nations Communist rule. Through this observ­ nationalism which we stress. Needless to say, realize that they must maintain their tradi­ ance our citizens, together with those of squabbles and rivalries between and among tional language, culture, religious beliefs and 17 other nations in the free world, reiter­ totalitarian Communist parties, which dom­ distinctive traditions as weapons to over­ ate their deep concern for their captive inate the regimes of the Red states, do not come false Communist ideology. make the peoples, the nations themselves, In the United States during this Captive brethren as well as their determination to any less captive. Nations Week we of the National Captive work toward the restoration of freedom The international Communist conspiracy is Nations Week Committee are stressing cur­ and self-determination for all peoples. the great threat to world peace and stability. rent key issues which a.re intended to remind The 1969 observance of Captive Na­ True peace and freedom, the legitimate goal free world citizens of the facts of life in tions Week, during the period of July 13 of all mankind will come to Vietnam, Cuba, world affairs and to encourage free peoples through 19, is of particular significance China, and other oppressed lands only when to continue the necessary efforts to see free­ for two important reasons. This is the the peoples are represented by governments dom restored in all lands now ruled by Com­ 10th anniversary of the Captive Nations of their own true choice. munist governments. Let me briefly review the captive nations We advocate a full-scale debate in the Week resolution which the Congress question and its importance to the free United Nations of Soviet colonialism. We spe­ passed in July 1959 and which President world. The first period of Communist ex­ cifically ask that the membership in the Eisenhower signed into Public Law 86- pansion affected those nations of eastern United Nations of the Soviet shadow govern­ 90. Most importantly, however, this Europe formerly a part of Czarist Russia, such ments in Byelorussia and the Ukraine be year's observance comes in the wake of as the Ukraine, Byelorussia, and Armenia, terminated. We strongly oppose the admis­ the Soviet Union's brutal reminder in which were incorporated into the Soviet sion of the Peking government to the United Czechoslovakia last August that the Union soon after the Bolsheviks established Nations. We feel that admission of Red China Communists have not mellowed and that power. The second wave of expansion oc­ would be a mockery of the principles of the curred following World War II when the United Nations. The Chinese Reds are con­ they will continue to suppress with any Soviet Union dropped the Iron Curtain of tinuing subversive activities throughout means necessary the natural efforts of terror between the Ea.st European nations Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and admit­ people toward self-determination and and the free world and provided massive ting them to the U.N. would, in effect, be freedom. Czechoslovakia serves as a criti­ support to the Communist forces in China. encouraging their future transgressions. cal example that communism cannot By direct use of its forces in nations oc­ We strongly oppose any liberalization of succeed in governing people without the cupied at the close of World War II, the trade with any Communist government. use of coercion and suppression of human Soviet Union established puppet govern­ Trade experiences with the Red totalitarian rights. ments who.se power was insured by Soviet states since World War II provide solid his­ military might and terroristic policies against torical lessons for not repeating mistakes. It is more than fitting, therefore, that their populations. Resistance to the Com­ We have ample evidence that governments we forcefully renew our conviction that munist regimes was crushed by mass execu­ such as the French and British have failed we will not acquiesce to the tyranny suf­ tions and deportations. Tragically, millions to achieve any positive results for them­ fered by the people of the captive nations. of people survived the attempted world con­ selves or the free world by recognizing the Our determination in this regard could quest by the only to fall prey to Peking government. As a matter of fact, the not have been better expressed than Soviet domination imposed by methods positive and effective steps the free world through the address recently given by the which equaled the atrocities committed by governments should take a.re to terminate distinguished gentleman from Illinois, our World War II opponents. diplomatic relations with the Communist Communism attempts to eradicate the governments that do not honestly serve and the Honorable EDWARD J. DERWINSKI, at individuality of people and thus runs head­ represent their people. An international the Captive Nations Week rally held on long into the deep-rooted age old national­ quarantine of Communist governments July 10, 1969, in Taipei, Taiwan. Mr. istic traditions of the captiva peoples. That is would hasten their collapse. DERWINSKI has shown great devotion to why in our struggle against communism we The Captive Nations Week Committee in the cause of human freedom, both as a can remain confident of the ultimate tri­ the United States believes that the proper fellow member of the National Captive umph of free men over the evil ideology objective in Vietnam should be victory and Nations Committee and through his which we combat. liberation by the South Vietnamese of the leadership in the Congress toward pol­ For years communism has claimed to be 17 million captive North Vietnamese. the "wave of the future." Its pressures in We believe that it is a sound premise of icies of firmness, courage, and realism in diplomatic, propaganda, economic, and mili­ political warfare that liberation must be the our relationship to the Soviet Union and tary fields created the image of an irresistible ultimate goal so that we can effectively move other Communist governments. My dis­ force. However, the failure of any Communist forward in all fields of the cold war, thus tinguished colleague deserves the sincere government to provide true progress for the directly contributing to the internal col­ appreciation of all freedom-loving peo­ people it controls and the outright rejection lapse which is taking place in the Red world. ple, and at this point I include in the of communism in election processes through­ My dear friends, I am absolutely confi­ RECORD a copy of his speech on this out the world clearly demonstrates that dent that the free world will triumph over subject: communism is a self-defeating philosphy. Communist tyranny and that all peoples In Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Africa, will ultimately enjoy the blessings of free­ ADDRESS OF CONGRESSMAN EDWARD J. DER­ and Latin America the Communists continue dom and international tranquility. WIN SKI AT THE CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK their efforts to subvert governments. How­ In recent years we have seen Communist RALLY, TAIPEI, TAIWAN, THURSDAY, JULY 10, ever, their efforts are basically nonproductive. setbacks in Indonesia and Vietnam, new un­ 1969 Just a few years ago many free world rest in Czechoslovakia., and failure to make Mr. Chairman, distinguished guests, and statesmen naively proclaimed that "com­ any progress in Latin America and Africa. friends: I speak to you today as a representa­ munism is mellowing" and the day would The Soviet Union and their puppet govern­ tive of the National Captive Nations Week come when free world cooperation with Com­ ments are at a low point in their effective­ Committee of the United States. The goal munist tyrants would be possible. The Soviet ness at the United Nations. On the other of this committee is to help produce a world occupation of Czechoslovakia and the direct hand, the crisis in Czechoslovakia reminded of permanent peace and freedom in which all military activities by the Communists in the free world that communism cannot mel­ peoples now held in bondage by communism South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia show low and that Red governments automatically will enjoy their true national independence. that far from mellowing, the Communists are suppress any attempt at intellectual, eco­ As a Member of the Congress of the United actually striking out with greater intensity. nomic or social freedom. States I am proud of and impressed by the I regard their efforts as desperate moves by Time is on our side. Justice is on our s,ide. fact that an overwhelming number of my tyrants who know their defeat is inevitable. The spirit developed in Captive Nations Week colleagues have given their personal support I believe that we in the free world have observances throughout the free world pro- July 16, 1969 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 19789 vide the spark to effective year-long efforts and valor that we are again reminded Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuani•a, Poland in the unending struggle for freedom. of the tenacity of the desire of men to and Rumania; I salute your determination to see that We also stress that the Oommunist re­ freedom and a legitimate government are be free. We must attempt to match the gimes in the Ea.st-Central European nations restored to your compatriots on the main­ courage of those in Czechoslovakia and continue to be unresponsive to the will of land. I am positive that the cause of free­ other captive nations, by reaffirming our the people by denying them the right to dom will triumph over the Communist Nation's devotion to the principle of periodic and genuinely free elections. enemy and the people of Free China will self-determination for all men. We appeal to the free governments of the play a major role in the triumph over com­ Mr. Speaker, I would now like to in­ nations of the world: munism. This is the message of truth of clude in the RECORD the Captive Na­ 1. To declare, in accordance with the prin­ Captive Nations Week. ciples of the Atlantic Charter, the Universal tions Week Manifesto, 1969, which was Decla.ratl:on of Human Rights and the Dec­ Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, 10 years adopted by the American Friends of the laration on the Granting of Independence to ago, President Dwight D. Eisenhower Captive Nations and the Assembly of Colonial Countries, adopted by the United became the first Chief Executive to issue Captive European Nations: Nations on October 14, 1960, their support a proclamation expressing this country's CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK MANIFESTO, 1969 of the rigbt to self-determination of all peo­ concern over the political captivity of The undersigned organizations, dedicated ples held captive by the Communists and, the people living under Communist dom­ consequently, to make this issue the perma­ to the restoration of freedom in the captive nent concern of the Uni·ted Nations; ination in Eastern and Central Europe. nations, call attention to Public Law 86-90, 2. To repudiate the intent and objectives This week, President Nixon has for­ unanimously adopted in 1959 by the Con­ of the Brezhnev Doctrine, including its im­ mally declared to be Captive Nations gress of the United States, by which the third plied recognition of the spheres of infiuence Week in recognition of the continuing week of July each year was designated as and of the status quo in East and Central plight of those persons now enslaved by Captive Nations Week. Europe; The Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 3. To bring to world attention the urgent Communist totalitarianism in Europe. August 1968 and the subsequent enuncia­ The President said: need for a responsible attitude by the free tion of the so-called Brezhr.ev Doctrine have nations of the world designed to help bolster Ten years have passed and there have once again brought to the surface the entire the morale of the East-Central European peo­ been many. changes in international affairs, issue of self-determination and fundamental ples and thus create a climate favorable to but one thing that has not changed is the freedoms for the one hundred million people their quest for full national independence desire for national independence in Eastern of East-Central Europe. The tragedy of and individual freedom. Europe. Czechoslovakia dram?-tizes the built-in in­ 4. As part of this effort, we call on the stability of contemporary Europe rooted in United States Government and on other The hard fact remains that the the still unresolved problems bequeathed by members of the Atlantic Alliance to main­ U.S.S.R. has imposed its control over the the Second World War. The Brezhnev Doc­ tain, and where possible strengthen, NATO's lives of the people of Eastern and Cen­ trine brings into focus the sad fact of the defense forces. This alone wm· help counter tral Europe by sheer military force. perpetuation in power of unpopular Com­ any temptation of further Communist ag­ Last year's invasion of Czechoslovakia munist regimes-imposed by a foreign pow­ gression-by force or threat of force. er-that are not responsible to the will of brought this point home even to those the peoples over whom they rule. We appeal to the People of the United who had begun to believe that the Rus­ States of America to manifest during Captive The record of over two decades of Com­ Naition's Week, July 13 to 19, 1969, their sians were truly the "good guys" of in­ munist rule shows that the legitimate as­ ternational relations. awareness of the importance of freedom for pirations of the captive European nations 100 million peoples in the Communist-dom­ The hard fact remains that the Iron have long been thwarted by Soviet hegemony in31ted lands to the establishment of a v·alid Curtain is not merely a post-World War over the area. Now, with the advent of the European settlement and world peace. Brezhnev Doctrine, the USSR has in fact II phenomenon, but a contemPorary CHRISTOPHER EMMET, reality in Europe today. The hundreds tried to make this arbitrary arrangement Chairman, American Friends of the Cap­ of Germans who have been machine­ accepted on a permanent basis. tive Nations. In the light of this doctrine, which is a JOZEF LETTRICH, gunned to death in their desperate :flight justification for aggressive imperialism, the from East Berlin to freedom in the West Chairman, Assembly of Captive Euro­ Soviet Union has in effect placed its own in­ pean Nations. are hardly testimony to the "liberalizing terests over the inherent right to national influence" we hear so much about. sovereignty and fundamental human rights I realize that those who espouse anti­ of the peoples living in the Communist orbit. NO ROOM FOR ACCOMMODATION communism in the United States today This doctrine can have a far-reaching im­ WITH CHINESE COMMUNISTS are termed either "unfashionable" or, pact on the future of not only the captive even worse, "McCarthyesque." I would European nations, but also of the free world. The SPEAKER. Under previous order If the doctrine remains unchallenged, it may hope, however, that this week will serve of the House, the gentleman from Flor­ turn the United Nations Charter into a ida (Mr. SIKES) is recognized for 30 min­ to remind all Americans how very pre­ shambles. As a result of this doctrine, all cious our freedom is, and to revitalize Communist parties are expected to follow utes. our opposition to that system which de­ automatically the dictates of the Kremlin. Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, recent pro­ nies the most basic of human rights to The acceptance by the Communist govern­ posals of flexibility and accommodation over 100 million Europeans as well as ments in East-Central Europe of the new with the Chinese Communists emanat­ Soviet doctrine is tantamount to complete ing from small but articulate segments hundreds of millions of other people abdication of the sovereign rights of these throughout the world. in the United States may not seem to nations. have any .relevance to the larger and Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. The Brezhnev Doctrine is against the vital Speaker, I join my colleagues in the 11th interests of all captive European nations, the more vital aspects of American foreign annual observance of Captive Nations Charter of the United Nations, international Policy and the U.S. global position. Week. Between July 13 and 19, the law and the accepted norms of civilized na­ This new orientation, or new concept American people again dedicate them­ tions. It is therefore deemed essential that of "open door," is intended to be gradual selves in support of the aspirations of the free world oppose the newly enunciated and not all out, to be sure; nevertheless, the peoples of Eastern Europe for free­ Soviet policy of aggressive imperialism and it helps to give the initiative to Peking, defend the traditional principles and norms which is very likely to call a tune dis­ dom and self-determination. of international law, in order to maintain In the last 20 years, the emergence of world peace, security and freedom for all cordant with our basic interest and our many new nations in Asia and Africa nations. relations with the Soviet Union. has dramatically attested to the de­ For the peoples of East-oentral Europe, it The accommodation with Peking sire of men to be free and govern them­ is important to learn of the continued deter­ school generally aims at small but uncer­ selves. But, during this same period the mination of the free governments of the tain benefits. It rarely has gone into desire for freedom has been frustrated world to lend their moral and political sup­ such matters as the power structure of port to the rightful aspirations of their cap­ the world, our leadership in the free and repressed in Eastern Europe. The tive East-Central European brethren. enunciation of the Brezhnev doctrine, world and our Position as a Pacific power, While commemoraiting this year's Oaiptive which was fully established two decades and the 1968 Soviet invasion of Czecho­ Naitions Week: slovakia, once again regretfully brings We stress that the Soviet Union has de­ before we gained recognition as a world into focus the continuance of this re­ monstrably violated its solemn promises of power. A brief analysis of this line of pression. freedom and independence to the nine na­ thinking will reveal its flaws. But even in despair the people of tions made captive during and after World Immediately after World War II the Czechoslovakia manifested such courage War II-AlbMlia, Bul~M"'ia, Czechoslovakia, United States had acquired a clear po- 19790 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 16, 1969 sition of predominance in the global bal­ material support to the Chinese Com­ point that it appears sensible at this time ance of power, but circumstances soon munists, or enhances their prestige, to establish some form of modus viviendi changed. Today, the power structure of would have such an effect. It could in­ with the Soviet Union, especially in mat­ the world is essentially bipolar. There terfere with the prospects for accord be­ ters relating to nuclear nonproliferation. are in the international community two tween the United States and Soviet Rus­ At the same time, the schism between powerful states in terms of military sia-whatever those chances may be, and Moscow and Peking shows incontrovert­ might and other extent and potential in view of Red China's attitude toward ibly that the United States is con­ factors, and the rest of its members con­ cooperation with other powers, it would fronted with a Communist ideology in stitute what may be called the · "Third gain nothing, which a strong cohesive force exists in World," parts of which are gravitated Proposals of rapprochement with Pe­ theory only. In practice, it fragments toward one or the other of these two king at this juncture are also inoppor­ and factionizes when Moscow tries to poles, creating an uneasy balance be­ tune in view of the present situation in impose its will on the Chinese Commu­ tween them. Communist China. Its failures, deficien­ nist regime and vice versa. In fact, the To most thoughtful Americans; the cies and the general dejection of its Kremlin has not done too well in requir­ concept of "Pax Americana" is repug­ people seem sufficiently well known to ing compliance in the case of Yugoslavia nant. Whether such a role is distasteful warrant acceptance. During 2 % years of and Rumania. In recent years there has to us from the standpoint of our political convulsive upheavals and a ruthless gen­ been growing decline in the show of philosophy, it is actually beyond our eral purge under the purposed misnomer Communist unity, with the Soviet Union material resources. Conscious of our of the "Great Cultural Revolution of the trying to reverse the trend. It simply is limitations and the enormous demands Proletariat," the Chinese Communist not in accord with the long-term inter­ on our resources at home, and frustrated Party and the Peking regime have had ests of this country for comfort or sup­ on account of war weariness and disunity serious differences. The orders of the port to be given to the Chinese among our allies, there is even doubt central authority could hardly be carried Communists. among some that there is sufficient will out beyond the walls of Peking. There are A survey of the rift between Peking left to maintain our position of leader­ signs of a general state of anarchy. The and Moscow has revealed some interest­ ship in the non-Communist world. Even end of the regime may in fact be ap­ ing facts and implications. Throughout the natural desire on the part of some of proaching. On this it would be well to the course of their disputes thus far, our people to maintain predominance read Prof. Allan S. Whiting's report on there is no sign that either entertains over the existing Communist world may Red China in the February 21, 1996, issue any doubt about the future of its own have little chance of success. of Life magazine. Professor Whiting, be­ brand of communism. Both hold fast to However, whatever our difficulties, we fore his retirement, was our Deputy Con­ tenets of communism usually referred to must maintain our national security and sul General in . as "the general line of Marxism-Len­ preserve our politcial system and demo­ It appears that the Mao Tse-tung inism" which is euphemistically called cratic way of life. This overriding objec­ regime has been accorded by its pro­ world revolution but in practice is a tive dictates that we are in no position to tagonists in Europe and in the Wes tern hegemony of the master state controlling make this country a bastion which ex­ Hemisphere an importance far exceed­ the puppet states. This is noithing more cludes other countries friendly to us. We ing its capabilities and material and or less than the Communist form of im­ have to seek fulfillment of this objective technological resources. On the human perialism. Both nwtions are committed in the existing bipolar system and, in side, such assets as leadership, discipline, to the ideology of world revolution and cooperation with friendly countries, cohesion, authority, skill, and technical the destruction of individual privaite en­ selectively chosen, maintain as favorable know-how are grossly exaggerated. Red terprise. Neither is a friend of capital­ a balance as possible. China's enormous population has been ism or of the United Stwtes which they There is a broad area of agreement erroneously equated with power. The consider its chief and most successful among thoughtful Americans that the continuous failure of that country to exponent. But their explicit disputes first order of business in U.S. foreign improve living standards for the great over the course for world communism relations is to seek a detente or a measure bulk of its population places people as­ has revealed differences which are deep of understanding with the Soviet Union sets on the debit side of its leader. We and growing. Russia has shown at least to lessen the friction between the two did not think of Norway as pro-Hitler a modicum of interest in establishing ac­ countries and to prevent eventual nu­ when Quisling was at the head of the cord with the West. Red China has not. clear proliferation and confrontation. Norwegian Government during World In this situation, friendly gestures to­ Should the general climate be improved, War II. Nor did we think the French wards Peking are not in line with the and indications are that it can improve, people were for when Pe­ basic interests of this country. And at an area of reasonable agreement may be tain and Laval were head of Vichy. If the present time, ironically enough any possible. The ultimate aim would be a all the relevant facts are carefully dialogue or help rendered to the Chinese mutual understanding on arms control analyzed, much of the Chinese Com­ Communists is taking Red China's side to stop the heavy drain on both national munist charismatic appeal will vanish. against the U.S.S.R. Most of us would budgets. This, of course, is not easy. But There is no convincing reason to hold say a plague on both their houses, but as long as this dominant purpose has a that the mainland Chinese people are we have staited that we wish to come to hope of success, it would be bad politics converts to communism because they are an accord with Russia on nuclear non­ or even a diplomatic blunder to intro­ under Communist guns. While f ormi­ proliferation. We will do well to hoe one duce any element extraneous to this dable to the Chinese people, the guns of row at a time. main effort which might make its success the Peking regime actually make Red more dim.cult to attain. To wave an olive China but a small military power-a branch to the Chinese Communists-who power strong enough to play havoe DRUG ABUSE have shown not the slightest interest in among its neighbors if no restraint is such a move-is incongruous with our put on it, but too deficient to challenge The SPEAKER. Under previous order endeavor to establish a detente with the either of the command centers of the of the House, the gentleman from New Soviet Union. The press reports that two present bipolar system. It is well to note, York (Mr. FARBSTEIN) is recognized for of our NATO allies are thinking of ac­ that situation could quickly cease to ex­ 10 minutes. cording diplomatic recognition to the ist if the United States should neglect Mr. FARBSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I have Chinese Communist regime. Even this is its own security or its leadership posi­ today introduced H.R. 12894, legislation something inconsonant with the interests tion in the free world. to establish a 5-year, $380 million pro­ of the United States. There is one essential fact that we gram of research, education, training, While the rift between Moscow and should not lose sight of. During the first prevention, and treatment of narcotics Peking is still wide and the polemics go part of the history of American-Soviet addiction and drug abuse. This bill is a on unabated, the leaders of the Kremlin relations, the difference of political phi­ companion measure to one introduced by will not be indifferent to any friendly losophies or ideologies was the chief Senator YARBOROUGH. gesture toward Peking, no matter cause of discord. After World War II, Because New York City has almost half whether it emanates from a country of the chief fear of the United States and of all the drug addicts in the country, it the free world or of the Communist the NATO countries was Russian im­ should have a major role in the formu­ camp. Any action that gives comfort or perialism. That fear has lessened to the lation of a national drug abuse program. July 16, 1.96.9 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 19791 Any program developed should be tai­ The Bureau first published an "active ad­ sent to the President, for his approval, lored to meet the needs o'f New York City dict" figure at the end of 1959, at which time, bills of the House of the following titles: 3.8% were under 21 years of age. As of De­ with a large part of the Federal funding cember 31, 1968, 4.2% were under 21. This is H.R. 1828. An act to confer U.S. citizenship made available for city programs. the first time in the survey that the active posthumously upon James F. Wegener; The drug problem in New York City addiot figure of persons under 21 years of H.R. 1948. An aot to confer U.S. citizenship has reached almost epidemic proparlions. age has exceeded 4 % . posthumously upon Pfc. Class Joseph An­ thony Snitko; The New York City Department of Nar­ Of the total active addicts recorded, 53,402 were males and 10,609 femal·es. Those under H.R. 2224. An act for the relief of Franklin cotics estimates thrat there are today over .Jacinto Antonio; 150,000 addicts in the city, with direct 21 totaled 2,688. The 21-30 group ha.d 29,802; the 31-40 group had 22,631. The over 40 H.R. 2536. An act for the relief of Fran­ criminal costs to the taxpayers of one­ group totaled 8,890. cesca Ada'iana Millonzi; half billion dollars per year. With 1,290 active a.ddicts under 21 yea.rs H.R. 2890. An act for the relief of Rueben This legislation does not deal with the of age as of December 31, 1968, New York Rosen; problem of addiction by knocking the accounted for 48% of all active a.ddicts in H.R. 3167. An act for the rellef of Ryszard addict into the ground with the hope that this category, compared with 52% at· the Stanislaw Obacz; and this will cure his affliction, which appears end of 1967 and 60% at the end of 1966. H.R. 10060. An act for the relief of Lance to be the attitude adopted by the admin­ Cpl. Peter M. Nee (2465662). istration. It deals with the problem SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED squarely by providing the kind of facil­ ADJOURNMENT ities such as the Phoenix type of facility By unanimous consent, permission to needed to treat and medically cure the address the House, following the legis­ Mr. EDMONDSON. Mr. Speaker, I addict. lative program and any special orders move that the House do now adjourn. New York City has the most advanced heretofore entered, was granted to: The motion was agreed to; accordingly drug treatment program in the country. (The following Members (at the re­ Cat 12 o'clock and 15 minutes p.m.), the There are currently in operation 24 quest of Mr. EDMONDSON), to revise and House adjourned until tomorrow, Thurs­ inpatient-Phoenix-treatment facilities extend their remarks and include ex­ day, July 17, 1969, at 12 o'clock noon. and 17 outpatient facilities, many of traneous matter:) them in my district. Yet, these few are Mr. GONZALEZ, for 10 minutes, today. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. drastically underfinanced. The legisla­ Mr. FARBSTEIN, for 10 minutes, today. tion will alleviate this situation as well as Mr. DERWINSKI, for 30 minutes, today, Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive provide Federal grants for the establish­ immediately following the special order communications were taken from the ment of research and training facilities of Mr. FLOOD, to revise and extend his Speaker's table and referred as follows: to reduce the shortage of skilled person­ remarks and include extraneous matter. 970. A letter from the Comptroller General nel to work in this critical area. of the United States, transinltting a report The bill will also provide for a major on the effectiveness and administration of the EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS community action program administered by prevention and education effort designed the White Earth Reservation Business Com­ to reach a wide audience, particularly By unanimous consent, permission to Inlttee, White Earth, Minn., under title II those youngsters who are most prone to revise and extend remarks was granted of the Econoinlc Opportunity Act of 1964, use drugs. to: Office of Econoinlc Opportunity; to the Com­ What follows is a discussion of the Mr. McCORMACK

By Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts (for By Mr. FARBSTEIN: H.R. 12899. A bill to amend title 28, United himself, Mr. ADDABBO, Mr. BOGGS, Mr. H.R. 12894. A bill to provide for the com­ States Code, to prohibit Federal judges from BOLAND, Mr. BROWN of Michigan, prehensive control of narcotic addiction and receiving compensation other than for the Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia, Mr. BYRNE drug .abuse, and for other purposes; to the performance of their judicial duties, except of Pennsylvania, Mr. CLEVEL~ND, Mr. Committee on Interstate and Foreign in certain instances, and to provide for the COLLINS, Mr. COUGHLIN, Mr. DAD­ Commerce. disclosure of certain finanical information; DARIO, Mr. DONOHUE, Mr. FRIEDEL, Mr. By Mr. HAGAN: to the Committee on the Judiciary. FULTON of Tennessee, Mr. GRIFFIN, H.R. 12895. A bill to change the definition By Mr. SAYLOR: Mr. HAGAN, Mr. HECHLER of West of ammunition for purposes of chapter 44 of H.R. 12900. A bill to authorize the Secre­ Virginia, Mrs. HECKLER of Massachu­ title 18 of the United States Code; to the tary of the Interior to conduct investiga­ setts, Mr. KLUCZYNSKI, Mr. KUYKEN­ Committee on the Judiciary. tions, studies, surveys, and research relating DALL, Mr. MIKVA, Mr. MORGAN, Mr. By Mr. KASTENMEIER: to the Nation's ecological systems, natural MURPHY of New York, Mr. OLSEN, H.R. 12896. A bill to amend the Tariff resources, and environmental quality, and and Mr. PODELL): Schedules of the United States with respect to establish a Council on Environmental H.R. 12891. A bill to amend the Internal to the rate of duty on whole skins of mink, Quality; to the Committee on Interior and Revenue Code of 1954 to encourage higher whether or not dressed; to the Committee on Insular Affairs. education, and particularly the private Ways and Means. H.R. 12901. A bill to provide for the better funding thereof, by authorizing a deduction By Mr. KOCH (for himself, Mr. CLARK, utilization of scarce medical personnel with­ from gross income of reasonable amounts Mr. FOLEY, Mr. GARMATZ, Mr. HUN­ in, and to improve the efficiency of, the De­ contributed to a qualified higher education GATE, Mr. MURPHY of New York, Mr. partment of Medicine and Surgery in the fund established by the taxpayer for the ST GERMAIN, Mrs. SULLIVAN, and Mr. Veterans' Administration; to the Committee purpose of funding the higher education of MADDEN): on Veterans' Affairs. his dependents; to the Committee on Ways H.R. 12897. A bill to establish an urban By Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey: and Means. mass transportation trust fund, and for H.R. 12902. A bill to provide for uniform By Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts (for other purposes; to the Committee on Bank­ and equitable tr·eatment of persons displaced himself. Mr. POLLOCK, Mr. POWELL, ing and Currency. from their homes, businesses, or farms by Mr. RHODES, Mr. ROBISON, Mr. By Mr. KOCH (for himself, Mr. AD­ Federal and federally assisted programs and RODINO, Mr. ST GERMAIN, Mr. ST. DABBO, Mr. BIAGGI, Mr. BINGHAM, Mr. to establish uniform and equitable land ac­ ONGE, Mr. SANDMAN, Mr. TIERNAN, BRASCO, Mr. CAREY, Mrs. CHISHOLM, quisition policies for Federal and federally Mr. WALDIE, Mr. WATTS, Mr. WEICKER, Mr. FARBSTEIN, Mr. GILBERT, Mr. assisted programs; to the Committee on Pub­ and Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT) : LOWENSTEIN, Mr. MURPHY of New lic Works. H.R. 12892. A bill to amend the Internal York, Mr. PODELL, Mr. POWELL, Mr. Revenue Oode of 1954 to encourage higher ROSENTHAL, Mr. RYAN, Mr. CONYERS, education, and particularly the private fund­ Mr. FULTON of Pennsylvania, Mr. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS ing thereof, by authorizing a deduction from HALPERN, Mr. NIX, and Mr. TuNNEY): Under clause 1 of the rule XXII, private gross income of reasonable amounts con­ H.R. 12898. A bill to authorize the Ad­ ministrator of General Services to transfer bills and resolutions were introduced and tributed to a qualified higher education fund severally referred as follows: established by the taxpayer for the purpose of certain airspace for use for housing purposes; funding the higher education of his de­ to the Committee on Public Works. By Mr. BEALL of Maryland: pendents; to the Committee on Ways and By Mr. RAILSBACK (for himself, Mr. H.R. 12903. A bill for the relief of Dr. Nar­ BIESTER, Mr. RANDALL, Mr. WYDLER, ciso A. deBorja; to the Oommittee on the Means. Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois, Mr. SE­ Judiciary. By Mr. DINGELL: (for himself and Mr. BELIUS, Mr. COWGER, Mr. BUTTON, Mr. H.R. 12904. A bill for the relief of Dr. Ro­ Moss): DERWINSKI, Mr. POLLOCK, Mr. !CHORD, lando F. Del Rosario; to the Commlttee on H.R. 12893. A bill to restore the inde­ Mr. SCOTT, Mr. NICHOLS, Mr. WINN, the Judiciary. pendence of Federal regulatory agencies; to Mr. ANDREWS Of Alabama, Mr. MIKVA, H.R. 12905. A bill for the relief of Dr. Ar­ the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Mr. GRIFFIN, Mr. MATHIAS, Mr. turo De los Santos; to the Committee on Commerce. LUKENS, and Mr. QuIE): the Judiciary.

SENATE-Wednesday, July 16, 1969 The Senate met at 12 o'clock noon and to the splendors of the new age that we which were referred to the Committee on was called to order by the President pro may be pioneers in the vast reaches of Armed Services. tempore. the human spirit, and partners with Thee (For nominations this day received, The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward in the emancipation of man from hate see the end of Senate proceedings.) L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following and fear, from poverty and disease, from prayer: injustice and war, that a better world may come, and Thy will be done iil and MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE­ O God of this universe and of the uni­ through us. In Thy holy name, we pray. ENROLLED BILL SIGNED verses beyond, who from the dawn of Amen. time, and through the processes of all A message from the House of Repre­ history has been creating from the form­ sentatives, by Mr. Bartlett, one of its less void, the orbs and spheres in the un­ THE JOURNAL reading clerks, announced that the bounded immensity of space; and in Speaker had ·affixed his signature to the Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask enrolled bill