List of Alamo defenders 1 List of Alamo defenders

People who are believed to have participated in the Battle of the --..-~ .. -...... ~.-.... -. Alamo, February 23- March 6, 1836, on the Texan side, are listed hem...... !:!;!!::_-- -- . .... ~"_ .. T-. The first report of the names of the Tcxian victims of the battle came in - ';::"!"..-.r-' ."... _.~.o.""' ~ the March 24, 1836 issue of the Telegraph and TaIlS Register. The ...... - LC._,_~-" ...... l1S names on that list were supplied by couriers John Smith and Gerald Navan. [I]

Defenders

N_ Com,..,. N_

J_ Sep'& cavalry ...... T~ killed in -- - - ABo IeIved in the !liege of Ahomllio -- --- """"" 8_[2] J_1. Private ..-.. J-,' - Lut courieI: 10 Ieaw the AWno 11115 ... """'''"' l2 - (Mm:h3); dicdAprilll,I901. ] - Private Fonyth'l compmy ...... Viqinia ...... killed in - but:le[3] ,." "- Private GIrriSOD tranfJItor, -"" First c:ourier sent out by Trav:i8[4j ...,. ""'"" ...- Juana Navarro Alsbury'l bulbmd, .. member of the Tcdan 1l1Ily, fought at Sie&eofBexar, Idlfor~ "'- imm....!iately afta: Juana IDDVed iDto the AImw 10 wam the eoJoniIU; 1hat the Mexicllll ~ wall juat outside of B&ar [S]

polliblyab New Orleana Grcyt _in ADdtewJ ill DOt lillied OD molt lil.tI -.."""'" ""'" of Alamo defenden.1D. fall 1836 ...... """'" Captain 'IhImIu Breece compiled. list of the men who had cmgiDIIly been 1IIIIZr hill mmmaM .00 - nwbd Andrewl AI killed at the AlImo.[6]

Private Blueby"1 in&aIry 1809 Bndford, Vermo:at ..... killed in ...... DoF~' """"" _[7]

Micajah Private HarriscJD.'1 comp!IIly 1794 SmJPIOIl County, killed in -, (Vohmlecl: Auxiliary North Carolina -[~ C«po' J_A. Sep'& cavalry ...... T~ killed in Smved at liege of aexJJ] B_ --- Com_ _J_ Private 1IarrilIoa'1 compaay 1812 Sprin&fidd, Kentucky Baileyo-ty, Texu,isnamedfor -killed in Baileyill (yAC) _[9] him

(rode in as • member of the ""'G. Private killed in B.... """""CcJmpmyof~ IS. 18104- batthPO] Gonz.Ies MoantM Ranjen. the - "Immortal 32") V"'...... - - List of Alamo defenders 2

William Captain unknown Missouri killed in ChadesM, hattle[ll] Baker

JohnJ, Carey's artillery Private Pennsylvania killed in Ballentine company battle[12]

Richard W. Private unknown 1814 Scotland killed in Ballentine battle[13]

JohnJ, 1803 Captain unknown Vkghria killed in Boogh (adjutant staff battle[14] officer)

Joseph Private Hanisan's company 1808 Tennessee killed in Bayliss (VAC) battlc[14]

John Walker Private Dimitt's company December Stone Creek, survived left Alamo as a courier. probably Baylor,Jr. 1813 Kentucky February 25, Died September 3, 1836, from complications of wounds suffered at the [15]

John Blair Private unknown 1803 Tennessee killed in battle[l6]

Samuel Blair Captain, Ordnance Department 1807 Tennessee killed in assistant to battle[17] ordnance chief

William Captain Commanding officer 1795 England killed in Blazeby of an infantry battle[17] company

in with February Edgefield County, James Seoond rode Bowie killed in Bonham Lieutenant 20,1807 South Carolina battlc[18]

DllIliel Private Carey's artillery 1810 England killed in BoUIllO company battlc[19]

lames Bowie Colonel Commander of April 10, Logao County, killed in fought at Bexar, knife design 1796 Kentucky volunteers. battle named for him, fell ill while co-commander of the oommaoding[20] [21] garrison

JesseB. Private unknown 1785 Tennessee AocordIDgto Historian Thomas Ricks Lindley Bowman most lists, states that Bowman's name did Bowman was appear on the first monument to kil1ed at the Alamo defenders (which was Alamo[22] destroyed in 1881), but no other records have been located to verify his service in San Antonio. A land contract dated February 13, 1836 appears to place Bowman in Copper County. TX instead of at the Alamo; his famil~ believes the 23] contract was forged.

George Private unknown 1801 England killed in Gonzales resident[24] Brown battlc

James Private unknown 1800 Pennsylvania killed in DeLeon Colony:, Tx. resident, Brown battle fought at Bexar[24] List of Alamo defenders 3

Robert Private unknown possibly survived Left as a courier after Fe~ 25, Brown 1818 sallied to bum the jacales[25]

James Private unknown,marksman 1813 killed in resident of Austins Colony[26] Bucharnm battle

SamuelE. Private Carey's artillery 1810 Ireland killed in BUIIIB company battle[26]

GeorgeD. Private unknown 1813 Missouri killed in But!", battle[26]

John Cain Carey's artillery 1802 (rode in as part of the "Immortal Private Pennsylvania killed in company battle[27] 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers)

Hamson's company Robert Ueutenant 1810 Tennessee killed in ~ben (VAG) battle[27]

Captain Commanding officer 1806 ViIginia killed WilliamR. in fought at Bexar, remained at of his own artillery battle Carey A1amo, bad commanded the A1amo company "The while Neill commanded Bexar, [27] Invincibles"

Charles Private New Orleans Greys, killed in Henry Clark under Breece battle. [28]

probably Baker's M.B.CiaIk Private killed in company battle. [29]

Daniel W. Private Harrison's company Febnwy LexIDgton, Kentucky killed in Cloud 20,1812 battle. [29]

RobertE. Private Carey's company 1810 Pembroke,Merrimack killed in Cochran County, Texas is named Cocbnm County,New battle. [29] for him. [30] Hampshire

George Gonzales Ranging 1811 Hunicane Township, killed in (rode in as part of the "Immortal Company Was1Ungtoa Lincoln County. battle. 32" Gonzales MOUIllod Rangers), "Wash" Missouri His brother-in-law, ThOIlUl8 1. Cottle Jackson. also died at the A1amo[30]

Henry New Greys 1808 Gennaoy Private Orleans killed in Courtman under Breece battle. [30]

Carey's company Lemuel Private 1814 South Carolina killed in Cmwford battle.[31]

Harrison's company, David Colonel August Greene County, killed in Alamo co-commander Travis Crockett fought near chapel & 17,1786 Tennessee battleP1] praised Crockett for his actions palisade during the siege, writing, "The Hon. Dllvid Crockett was seen at all points. ~ the men to do theirduty.n[32] sallied out late on Mar.3 to find Fannin. while carrying Alamo's Mar.31etters, returned without finding Famrin[33]

Robert PriVllte B1azeby 1810 Pennsylvanill killed in Crossman battle. [34] List of Alamo defenders 4

Antonio Private Seguin's cavalry unknown Mexico survived Left Alamo with Juan s~ as a Crozy courier on February 25.[ ] He Arocha later served at the Battle of San Jacinto. [35]

DavidP. Private Gonzales Mounted 1809 Lewiston. killed in (rode in as part of the "Immortal Cummins Rangers battle. Pennsylvania 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers), His cousin-in-law, John Purdy Reynolds, also died at the A1amo.[35]

Robert Private Carey's company Octobtrr Ontario County. New killed in OIDDingbam 18,1804 York battle. [35] [36]

Jacob C. Lieutenant Gonzales Mounted December Woodford County, killed in In September 1835 Darst was one DaISt Rangers 22,1793 Kentucky battle of the "Old Eighteen" who refused to relinquish a cannon, leading to

the Battle of Gonzales, (rode in Wi part of the "Immorta132" Gonzales Moooted RangersP7]

(rode in as part of the "Immortal IohnDavis Private Gonzales Mounted 1811 Kentucky killed in Rang"" battle[37] 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers)

Freeman Private White's infantry 1806 killed in fought m the S;ege of B.,.",J37] H.K.Day company battle

JerryC. Day unknown Missouri Private[38] 1816[37] killed in battle[38]

Squire Private Carey 1808 Tennessee killed in fought in the Siege of Bexar and Daymoo battle was then garrisoned at the Alamo until sometime in February 1836. He rejoined the Alamo garrison on March I, 1836,(rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales 8 Moooted RangersP ]

William Private rode in as part of the c.1811 Tennessee killed in Entered the Alamo on March 1, Dearduff "Immortal 32" battle 1836. Brother-in-law of defender Gonzales Mounted J ames George. [38] Raogers

AIexandro Private Seguins company Texas survived Fought at siege of Bexar. Left delaGana Alamo as a courier. [38]

B1azeby 1812 Eng1and or heland killed in Stephen Private Was originally a member of [39] Dennison battle Breece's New Orleans Grays

Francis L. Captaffi Dimmitt Philadelphia, survived Left to get supplies for the garrison Desauque Pennsylvania about February 22, 1836. On learning of the siege, be joined Fannin at Goliad, was captured at the Battle of Coleto and executed in the . [39] [40]

Char1ea Private rode in as part. of the 1812 Louisiana killed in was cited.3,) Travis for DespWlier "Immortal 32" battle bravery. [ Left the Alamo as a Gonzales Mounted courier during the sie~e but Rangers returned on March 1. '4-1] List of Alamo defenders 5

Whi.. Lewis Private 1812 Manhattan, New York killed in Dewall battle[41]

AlmlIron Captajn Artil1ery officer 1810 Tennessee killed in He was one of the Old Eighteen Dickinson battle[41] who refused to relinquish a cannon, leading to the Battle of Gonzales. He ~ted the cannon dwing the battle[42]

James New Greys killed in Orleans Dickson is not listed on most lists Dickson battle of Alamo defenders. In fall 1836 Captain Thomas Breece compiled a list of the men who had originally been under his COlIIlIUIlld, and marked Dickson as killed at the A1amo[6]

JoboHemy Private ooknown 1805 Smith County. killed in Di1lard Tennessee battle[43]

Philip Dimmitt 1801 Kentucky survived Captajn Dimmitt was previously the Dimmitt commander ofTexian forces at in Goliad. He left the Alamo on February 23 to gather reinforcements. He was captured by a Mexican raiding party in 1841 and committed suicide on July 8 of that year after being_with . [44] [45] execution.

JamesR. Sergeant Blazeby England killed in Originally a member of Breece's [46] Dimpkins battle New Orleans Grays.

Andrew Whi.. in Private 1804 Ireland killed Fought in the Siege of Bexar and Duvalt battle then was part of the Texian garrison at the Alamo. Left the Alamo sometime in Fe~, and retumed after FebtuaIy 23[ 7]

Carlos Private unknown, but possible 1819 San Antonio de killed in possibly the same ~on as . [47] Espalier Bowie Bexar, Texas battle Charles Despallier.

J",6 Private Seguins company San Antonio de killed in His was the only body of a Texian Gregorio B6xar, Texas battle[48] to be buried, after his _ Espana Francisco received special permission from Santa Anna. The other bodies were burned. [49]

Robert Major; Master ooknown 1800 killed in Ireland[50] Killed in the Alamo Chapel before Evans of Ordnance battle he could blow up the powder mnsazme• [51]

Samue1B. ooknown County, Private January Jefferson killed in Evans 16,1812 New York battle[52]

JamesL. Private Carey 1812 Tennessee killed in secretary to James C. Neill and Ewing battle possibly to Travis when he became commander. [52] List of Alamo defenders 6

William Private Hanison[53] 1814 Logan CoUDff' killed in Keen", Kentucky[52 battle[53] Faunterloy

William Private Gonzales Rlmging Alabama? killed in nnknown Entered the Alamo on March Fishbaugh Company battle l,(rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangen)[53]

in lohn Private Gonzales Ranging 1800 New Hampshire killed Entered Alamo on March 1,(rode in Flanders Company battle as part of the "Immortal 32" [53] Gonzales Mounted Rangers)

Captuffi Artillery of!i= (nnde< 1806 Floresville, Texas Salvador survived Flores is not listed on most lists of Flores Neill) Alamo defenders. In fa1l1835 he recruited men andjoined under Juan se~ [54] Fought at Bexar, [ 5] Stayed at the Alamo .. [56] Wlth Neill, left after Feb. 25, Lead rear guard protecting Texian families, later in 1842 Captain against Woll's army

Do1p1rln Private Gonzales Ranging March 6, Nash County, North killed in Entered the Alamo on March Ward Floyd Company 1804 Carolina battle 1,(rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers), Floyd County. Texas is named for hlm,[51]

Captuffi Forsyth August Avon, New York killed in lohn He went to Texas with a volunteer Hubbard 10,1191 battle cavalry company from Kentucky Fursyth and eventually arrived at the Alamo along with William Travis' [51] group.

Antonio Seguins 1813 San Antonio killed Private company de in Fuentes was jailed in February for Fuentes Bexar, Texas battle theft. When Bowie was elected commander of the Alamo shortly after, Bowie became very drunk and freed Fuentes. Although Fuentes was ordered back. to jail afterwards, the action angered many and was partially responsible for the decision for Bowie and Travis to share command. [58]

GalbaFuqua Private Gonzales Ranging Mlnch 9, Alabama killed in Entered the Alamo on March 1. Company 1819 battle According to Susana Dickinson, Fuqua tried to give her a message during the battle, but his jaw had been broken and she could not understund hlm, [58]

William 1812 Virginia Private nnknown killed in Garnett battle[59]

JamesW. Private B1azeby 1813 Louisiana killed in Took P.art in the Siege of Gammd battle B exar. [59] List of Alamo defenders 7

James Girard Private Blazeby 1806 Tennessee killed in Originally a member of Breece's Garrett battle[59] New Orleans Grays. Participated in . [60] the SIege of Bexar.

JohnE. Private 1809 killed in C""y Entered the Alamo on March Garvin battle l,(rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers}60]

JohnE. Private Gonzales Rlmging 1819 killed in Entered the Alamo on March Gamm Company battle l,(rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers)[60]

Private 1802 killed in James Gonzales Ranging brother-in-law of Alamo defender George Company battle Wi11iam Deardruff. [60] Entered the Alamo on March l,(rode in as part of the "Immortal. 32" Gonzales Mounted Rang",,}61]

JohnC. Comet 1809 VkgUria Blazeby '" F ....yth killed in his brother signed the Texas Goodrich battle[61] Declaration of Independence on M=h2.[62]

Albert Private Fmsyth (pos,;bly) IJecembe" killed in Gemg;a His father, Jesse Grimes, signed the Cal.., 20,1817 battle Texas Declaration of Independence orune. on M=h 2. [62]

survived Brigido Private Bowies company UDknown Tallenango, Mexico Guerrero was a soldier in the Guerrero Mexican Army and deserted to join the Texians when war broke out. [62] He fought in both the Battle of Concepcion and the Siege of Bexar. Near the end of the battle of the Alamo, he joined the women in the chapel. He convinced Mexican soldiers that he was a prisoner-of-war and was .pared.[63]

JamesC. Private Carey 1804 Eng1and killed in Particimf in the Siege of Gwynne battle Bexar. 63]

James August 8, Private UDknown[64] Pennsylvania[63] killed in Hanmun 1815 battle[64]

John Private Ranging 1813 Kentucky killed in Harris Gonzales Participated in Siege of Bexar. Company battle Entered the Alamo on March 1.[64]

Andrew Private UDknown 1809 Tennessee killed in Jackson battle[64] Harrison List of Alamo defenders 8

I.L.K. unknown Harrison's company unknown killed in Harrison is not included on most Hanison (VAC) battle lists of Alamo defenders. Lindley believes he should be included however. Neill signed an affidavit in 1838 swearing that when he left the Alamo on February 14 Harrison was a member of the garrison, and to his knowledge Harrison remained with the ~anison and was killed in the battle. 65]

WilliamB. Captain 1811 killed in Harrison Ohio He fmmed a company, known as Harrison battle the Tennessee Mounted Volunteers, in Nacogdoches, Texas on January 14, 1836. The company reached the Alamo on February 23. During the siege, his company defended the wooden palisade stretching between the Alamo [66] chapel and the Low Barracks.

JosephM. Private Baker (possibly) 1799 Ireland killed in Hawkins battle[66]

in JohnM. Private Baker (possibly) 1814 Nashville, Tennessee killed He was nominated as a delegate to Hays battle represent the Alamo garrison at the Convention of 1836 but was not elected. [67]

ChadesM. Private unknown 1813 Tennessee (possibly) killed in entered the Alamo with James Heiskell battle Bowie[67]

Patrick Private Baker (possibly) Mlnch Vkginia killed in May have ac~Bowie to Henry 1802 battle[67] the Alamo. [68] Herndon

William Sergeant Carey 1805 killed in England Wounded at the Siege of Daniel battle Bexar.[68] Hersee

Benjamin Private unknown September St. Charles District, survived[68] Participated in the battles of Fnmklin 11,1817 Missouri Territory Velasco, Gonzales, Concepcion, Highsmith and Bexar and the Grass Fight. [69] Left as a courier on February 18, when he was sent with an plea for aid to Col James W. Fannin, Jr., at Goliad. [70] Although he attempted to return to the garrison, he was chased a ~ Mexican soldi.... [ 441 [8] A1W the battle. he carried the message from to ordering Fannin to abandon Goliad. Highsmith fought in the Battle of San Jacinto, which ended the , and then served in the Mexican-American War, where he was wounded. He died November 20 1905 [69] List of Alamo defenders 9

Tapley Private Carey 1810 Ohio killed in Ifu family were among the Old Holland battle[69] Three Hundred, the original colonists in TexlllI. Participated in , [71] the Slege of Bexar.

James New Orleans Greys killed in Holloway is not listed on most lists Holloway battle of Alamo defenders. In fall 1836 Captain Thomas Breece compiled a list of the men who had originally been under his command. and marked Holloway as killed at the A1amo[6]

Samuel Private Blazeby 1808 Pennsylvania killed in Participated in the siege of Bexar Holloway battle and remained as part of the , [71] gamson

Wi1fuunD, B1azeby 1791 Massachusetts killed in Surgeon Originally a member of Breece's (possibly) Howell battle New Orleans Grays. Participated in the siege of Bexar and remained as part of the garrison. [71]

ThomasP. New Orleans Greys killed in Hutchinson is not listed on most Hutchinson battle lists of Alamo defenders. In fall 1836 Captain Thomas Breece compiled a list of the men who had originally been under his command, and marked Hutchinson as killed at the Alamo. [6]

Thomas Private Gonzales Ranging Jreland killed in One of the Old Eighteen who Company Jackson battle refused to relinquish a cannon, leading to the Battle of Gonzales. Brother-in-law of Alamo defender George Cottle. Entered the Alamo on March l,(rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers)[72]

Wi1fuun Private Carey 1807 Kentucky killed in Participated in siege of Bexar. [72] Daniel battle Jackson

GreenB. Major Staff officer 1807 Kentucky killed in His grandfather, John Jameson was Jameson battle[72] a lieutenant governor of Virginia. Green Jameson participated in the siege of Bexar. When the Mexican troops surrendered the Alamo, Jameson became the chief engineer and was in charge of revamping the fortifications. On the first day of the siege.. Bowie sent Jameson as a messenger to speak with representatives of the Mexican anny,[73]

Gordonc. Corporal Carey 1780 Pennsylvania killed in Participated in the siege of Bexar. Jennings battle His brother, Charles Jennings, was executed d..riDg the Golind Massacre. [73] List of Alamo defenders 10

Artillety Seguins Texas killed in Damacio company Friend of Travis. Brought in the 18 Jimenez battle pounder cannon[74]

Joe Slave of Travis rode in with Travis 1813 or United States survived[73] When the battle commenced, Joe 1815 fought alongside Travis. After Travis's death, Joe took. cover in a room. He was wounded when Mexican soldiers entered, but they assumed him to be a noncombatant and took him prisoner. He, along with Susana Dickinson, spread the news afthe Alamo's fall to the colonies in Texas. [44] [75] [76]

Lewis Private Carey (possibly) Dlinois Territory killed in Partici~ in the siege of Johnson (possibly) batt1e[77j Bexar. 8]

WiIfuun Private Carey (possibly) PhiliuIelphia, killed in Johnson Pennsylvania battle[78]

WilfuunP. Sergeant unknown survived Ukely a courier who left with a Johnson (possibly) message to Fannin on Fe~ 23. Died m the Goliad Maa"""". [ 8]

First Lieutenant B1azeby 1810 New York killed in John Jones Originally a member of Breece's battle New Orleans Greys. Participated in . [78] the Slege of Bexar.

John Rode with Gonzales 1817 Kentucky killed in Gonzales resident. Arrived at the Mounred Rangers battle Benjamin Alamo on March l,(rode in as part Kellogg of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounred Rang""P9]

James 1814 Vll-gUria killed in Enlisted on September 28, 1835. Kenney battle Served in Capt Robert M. Coleman's c~y. then reinlisred[SO]

Andrew rode in as part. of the 1798 VA killed in Arrived at the Alamo on March 1 Kent "Jmmortal32" battle as part of the Gonzales Ranging Gonzales Mounted Company of Mounted Volunteers. Rang"" Kent Couny, Texas is named in his honour.[81

JosepbKerr Private marksman, unknown 1814 Louisiana killed in rode in with Louisiana Volunteers battle for Tx. Independeoce under Capt.S.L.Chamblis, Son of Ohio General and Senator Joseph Kerr[82]

GeorgeC. Lieutenant Gonzales RangIDg 1803 Pennsylvania killed in Anived at the Alamo on March I Kimble Company battle as commander of the Gonzales Ranging Company of Mounted Volunteers, (the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers), Kimble coun~, Texas is named in his honour. [8 List of Alamo defenders 11

William rode in as of the October 8, Monroe County, youngest part King County was named in his PbilipKIDg "Immortal 32" 1820 Mississippi defende< honor. Traded places at the Alamo Gonzales Mounted killed in the with his fa~told his father to go Rangers battle backhome)[ ]

William went with Bowie 1806 ViIginia killed in Private. left from NC, his mother was given Irvine Lewis marksman battle a small stone memento from the A1amo[85]

WilliamJ. 3n1CotpL Carey's artillery 1805 killed Kentucky in fought at Bexar, remained at Lightfoot company battle A1amo[85] . Actual name is John William Lightfoot.

JonadlanL. Private, Carey's artillery 1814 Dlinois killed in fought at Bexar, lived in Gonzales. Lindley artilliaryman company battle (rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers) on Mar.1 [85]

William Capt. B1azeby', killed in Private. Massachusetts fought at Bexar as member of Linn marksman infantty company battle Breece's Greys, captured and released by Mexican soldiers[86]

BynI Commissioner, Gonzales Ranging 1782 ViIginia survived On February 23, Lockhart and Lockhart empowered to Company Andrew Sowell were scouting for must..- Gonzales provisions when the Mexican army Ranging arrived. Unable to re-enter the [87] Company Alamo, they went to Gonzales. [88]

Toribio marksman Seguin's company 1808 Texas killed in Former Mexican soldier, lived in Losoya battle house near the southwest comer of the Alamo compound, His family took refutie in the A1amo chapel[8 ]

White's infantry co. [90] George Lieutenant 1807 ViIginia killed in Fought at Bexar, wounded Washington battle Main

William T. Private, artillery Carey's artillery co. 1817 Georgia killed in fought at Bexar remained at Alamo Malone battle with earey[91]

William B1azeby's infantry co. 1808 Tennessee killed in Private. fought at Bexar remained at Alamo Marshall marksman battle with B1azeby[91]

Albert Captain, courier rode in as part of the 1808 Rhode Island killed in fought at Bexar, Gonzales resident, "Immortal 32" Martin battle member "Old EighteeD.", Travis' Gonzales Mounted emissary to Almonte. carried Rangers Travis' 2124 message to Gonzales, 92 returned with Gonzales re1i.f ]

killed in Edwanl Lieutenant Bowies company unknown unknown. Refugio Possible officer to Jim Bowie's McCafferty resident battle men[92]

Jesse killed in McCoy Private. Gonzales Mounted 1804 Tennessee original settler of Dewitt's Colony, marksman Rangers battle (rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers}93]

Hamson's company William Private, 1794 Pennsylvania killed in joined Vol.Aux.gnps in McDowell marksman battle Nacogdoches [93] List of Alamo defenders 12

Jame, Private, Blazeby's infantry co. unknown Ireland killed in fought at Bexar remained with McGee marksman battle Blazeby[93]

John Sergeant Carey's company 1808 Scotland killed in fought at Bexar, remained at McGregor battle A1amo with Carey, played bagpipes accom~anied by Crockett's fiddle 94]

Robert Private rode in with Bowie 1809 Tennessee killed in formerlYisident of New McKinney battle Ode."" ]

Eliel Melton Member of Lt. Col. 1798 killed in Quartennaa"" o.=g;. fought at Bexar, remained at with the lames C. Neill's staff rank. of battle Alamo as Quartermaster, Lieutenant Rp~ykill.edbyMencan . [95] Cavalry outside the Alamo

in ThomasR. Private, Gonzales Mounted 1795 Tennessee killed Gonzales resident & merchant, Mill", marksman Rang"'" battle member of , one of the "Old Eighteen", (rode in as part of the "Immorta132" Gonzales Mounted Rangers) [96]

William Private, rode in with Bowie 1815 Tennessee killed in Austin's Colonr resident, formerly Mill, marksman battle Mississippi [96

Private, Isaac Gonzales Mounted c.1795 Mississippi killed in Gonzales resident, wife Mary was Millsaps marksman Rangers battle blind, (rode in as part of the "Immorta132" Gonzales Mounted Rangors)[97]

EdwardF. Alamo surgeon Alamo hospital 1806 Vkgin1a killed in Washington County, Tx. resident, Mitchusson battle fought at Bexar, badly w~ joined Chenoweth's company[9

EdwinT. Private, White's infantry co. 1806 killed in unknown fought at Bexar, remained at Mitchell marksman battle Alamo with Bexar Guards,( A Mitchell was kilkd defencling Ju""" Alsbury) [98]

Carey's artillery co. NapoleonB. Private, artillery 1804 unknown killed in fought at Bexar, remained at Mitchell battle A1amo with Carey,( A Mitchell was killed defending Juana Alsbury) [98]

RobertB. Private, B1azeby's company 1781 killed in Vkgin1a fought at Bexar, remained at Moore marksman battle A1amo with Blazeby [99]

Willis A Private, may have rode in with 1808 unknown, Mississippi killed in fought at Bexar, former Moore marksman Bowie resident battle Chenoweth's N.D. Grey company [99]

killed in John New Orleans Greys Morman is not listed on most lists Morman battle of Alamo defenders. In fall 1836 Captain Thomas Breece compiled a list of the men who had originally been under his command. and marked Morman as killed at the A1amo[6] List of Alamo defenders 13

Robert Sergeant Capt. William 1805 Ohio killed in Formerly served in US Army Musselman BllIzeby' urrantry battle during Seminole Indian War; one company of the few A1amo defenders-besides Travis; Crockett, Autry. and Bonham-who had prior military experience.

AndresNava Private, Segufu's company 1810 Texas killed in Senoed" ,;ege of B.".",J100] nwrksman battle

Gemld Private, courier survived Alamo courier with John Smith as Navan listed above, who last left on March 3. They were the first reporters of the fall of the Alamo, in Gonzales. Helped compile the first list of slain Alamo defenders for the Telegraph and Texas Register issue of March 24, Fought at Bexar in Parrott's Artillery Company. Navan is on the J.C.Neilllist of Carey's company, when Neill left the Alamo in mid Feb[l]

George Private, rode in as part of the 1808 South Carolina killed in resident of Gonzales[lOl] Neggan nwrksman "Immortal 32" battle Gonzales Mounted Rangers

AndrewM. Private, unknown, volunteer 1809 Tennessee killed in single. son of John & Elizabeth Nelson nwrksman battle Mansfield Nelson [102]

in Edward Private, Baker's company 1816 S.Caro1ina killed rode in with Bowie. fought at Nelson nwrksman battle BexarinPeacockls~.j= Chenoweth's company m Jan.

George Private, 1805 S.Caro1ina killed in Blazeby's infantry rode in with Breece's N.O.Greys, Nelson nwrksman battle fought at Bexar, wounded, remained at Alamo with Blazeby [103]

Ueutenant, rode with Dimmit's unknowo unknowo survived BenjaminF. spy Nobles left the Alamo with Dimitt Nobles company 00 February 23.]103] [104]

Jame, Carey's artillery Private, artillery 1804 ViIginia killed in fought at Bexar, remained at Northcross battle A1amo witb Carey [105]

Jame, Private, rode with Cooke's 1809 killed in England fought at Bexar, badly N.O.Grey" ded[I06] Nowlan nwrksman battle woun

Willimn Private, followed Travis into Aogom Abingdon, Virginia survived sent out as a courier February 29, Sanders marksman, theA1amo 13,1817 later survived Mier Oury courier Expeditioo[I07]

George Private unknown, artillery 1810 unknown, formerly killed in fought at Bexar under NeilP08] Pagan Natchez Mississippi battle

Christopher Private, rode in with Dimmitt 1814 unknown, Mississippi killed in his father fought at New Orleans Adam. nwrksman resident battle 1814, f1:Ildfatber fougbt at Va11ey Parker forge[ 09] List of Alamo defenders 14

White's infantry William Private, 1805 Rowan County, North killed in fought at Bexar, remained at ""'ks marksman company Carolina battle Alamo as Bexar Guard[109]

William In-charge of Alamo 1808 survived Assistant Kentucky probable courier ofMar.3letters, H""", Qu-"" companies Crockett' s nep he w, [110] Patton commanded a company at Bexar office>" of the Almno ganison[l1 1]

Richardson Private Carey's artillery 1817 Mississippi killed in [112] Served at siege of Bexar Perry battle

Amos Alamo Surgeon Alamo hospital., chief October Ashburnham, killed in joined as regimental surgeon under Pollard surgeon (under Neill) 29,1803 Massachusetts battle S.F.Austin remained at Almno[l1 3]

John Purdy Private, Hanison's company 1806 Pennsylvania killed in joined Vol.Aux.Corps in Reynolds marksman, battle Nacogdoches, rode in with surgeon [113] Capt.Hanison's company

TholIlWl H. Private, Baker's company unknown unknown killed in tered ·th B . [114] en WI OWle Roberts marksman battle

James Private, unknown, volunteer 1812 Tennessee killed in Fought at Bexar[114] Waren marksman battle Robertson

Isaac 4th Sergeant Carey's artillery 1808 killed in Scotland Fought at Bexar, remained in Robinson battle [114] Alamo in Carey's company

JamesM. Private, Crockett's company 1805 Ohio killed in Nephew of President James marks_ Rose battle Madison. Followed the Company ofOavid Crockett[115]

Louis Moses Private. Baker's company 1785 Ardennes. France survived Followed Bowie to Texas. Told of Rose marksman Travis' line in the sand. Escaped through a window.[116] details of the escape of Rose as told by Zuber app"'" conflic ting[33]

Jacob Roth Major Harrison's company killed in unknown Roth is not included on most lists (VAC) battle of Alamo defenders. Lindley believes that Roth should be included. Roth appeared on a February 1, 1836 muster roll at the Alamo garrison, and a petition to the Nacogdoches probate court on January 31, 1838 to settle Roth's affairs listed his death as on or about March 6.[65]

JacksonJ. Private, Baker's company unknown lrelaod killed in Nacogdoches resident, rode in with Rusk marksman battle Bowie[117]

Joseph Private, Carey's company 1798 Kentucky killed in Fought at Bexar, remained in . [117] Ruthed'md marksman battle Alamo m Carey's company

Isaac Ryan Private, Whites infantry 1805 Louisiana killed in Fought at Bexar, remained in marksman battle Alamo as Bexar Guard[II7]

Mia! Private, unknown, volunteer May2S, Chatham County, killed in Fought at Bexar[118] Scurlock marksman 1809 North Carolina battle List of Alamo defenders 15

JuanSegufn Captain Commander of his October San Antonio, Texas survived Seguin left on February 25 to 27,1806 own cavalry company recruit reinforcements. After encountering a Mexican patrol he pretended to be an officer in the Mexican army. When he neared the soldiers he spurred his horse and used his knowl~e of the terrain to [119] [1 escape.

Marcus L, Private Gonzales Ranger 1805 England killed in Followed in with ~ Byrd Sewell battle Lockhart on Mar.l[ 1]

Private Capt. William R. 1811 Gwrgia killed in [122] Manson Served at siege of Bexar Shied Carey's artillery Co. battle

Cleveland Lieutenant Forsyth's company June 8, Charleston, South killed in signed on in San Felipe as officer [123] Kinloch 1815 Carolina battle in Texas Regular Army Simmons

AndrewH, Private, Forsyth's cavalry 1815 Tennessee killed in service is questionable[l23] Smith marksman battle

Cbm'1ea S. Private Carey's artillery 1806 Mary1aod killed in fought at Bexar, remained at Smith battle A1amo willi Carey[I24]

Joshua G. Sergeant Forsyth's company 1808 NCarolina killed in . [125] Bastrop reSldent Smith battle

Jobn scout, guide, Gonzales Ranging March ViIginia survived 4, Smith first left the Alamo on Feb. William courier company 1792 23 with one of Travis's first pleas Smith for help. [126] On March 1 he guided the 32 reinforcements from Gonzales into the Alamo. [127] and left again on March 3 with another message from Travis, he was returning willi 25 rcinforcements when the Alamo fell, later became An' [128] [129] San tonia mayor

WilliamH. Private William R. Carey's 1811 unknown, killed in . [130] served at the stege of Bexar Smith artillety Nacogdoches resident battle

rode in 1800 Launcelot Private with Travis unknown, San Felipe survived courier, left on Feb.23, killed by Smither resident, formerly Woll's men 1842[12A] Alabama

Andrew Tennessee Private. forager unknown. Gonzales lune 17. survived fought at Gonzales & Bexar, later Jackson resident, (Sowell. 1815 became a Texas Ranger, on Sowell Smith. and Lockhart February 23, Sowell and Boyd possibly guided the Lockhart were scouting for Gonzales Mounted provisions when the Mexican army Rangers back in on arrived. fearing that they would be Mar.1) unable to re-enter the Alamo. they weo! to Gooza1ea[87] [131]

JobnSpnott New Orleans Greys killed in Spratt is not listed on most lists of battle Alamo defenders. In fall 1836 Captain Thomas Breece compiled a list of the men who had originally been under his command, and marked ~tt as killed at the A1amo[ List of Alamo defenders 16

Richard Starr Private, Blazeby's infanby 1811 killed in England rode in with Breece's N.O.Greys, marksman battle fought at Bexar, remained at Alamo[132]

JamesE. Private, unknown 1808 England killed in limited information[132] Stewart marksman battle

Private, Harrison' company RicbardL. 1817 New Jersey killed in joined Vol. Aux.Corps in Stockton marksman battle Nacogdoches. rode in with [132] Capt.Harrison's company

White's infantry A. Spain Private, 1817 Tennessee killed in resident of Nacogdoches, fought at Summerlin marksman battle Bexar, stayed at Alamo in the Bexar Guards[133]

WilliamE. Private, Gonzales Ranging 1812 Tennessee killed in resident of Gonzales. (rode in as Company Summe" marksman battle part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rang... P33]

John Private, Patton's Company, May 11, Danville, Pittsylvania survived Injured in a fall from his horse and Sutherland physician Alamo Hospital 1792 County, ViIginia could not fight, so Col. William B. Jr. Travis sent him Out Feb. 23 to recruit help from Gonzales. Later wrote The Fall of the Alamo, pub. m1936 [134]

Patton's Company, August Tennessee, Navidad, killed in William Private. Followed his uncle, John DePriest marksman, Alamo Hospital 10,1818 Tx. resident, formerly battle Sutherland Ir., into the Alamo Sutherland physicians Alabama [135] assistant

unknown 1812 Tennessee killed in Edward Private marksman, Taylor County, Texas is named for Taylor battle him and his brothers. George and James, who also died in the Alamo[136]

George Private marksman, unknown 1816 Tennessee killed in Taylor County, Texas is named for Taylor battle him and his brothers, Edward and James, who also died in the Alamo[137]

marksman, unknown 1814 killed James Taylor Private Tennessee in Taylor County, Texas is named for battle him and his brothers. George and EdW4 who also died in the Alamo. 137]

William Private marksman, unknown 1799 Tennessee killed in no lands given. I or his se:m.ce. [138] Taylor battle

B.ArcherM. Private marksman, 1818 Kentucky killed in joined Vol. Aux.Corps in Thomas Capt.Harrison's battle Nacogdoches. rode in with [138] company Capt.Harrison's company

Henry marksman, Capt. 1811 Gennany killed in Private rode in with Breeces New Orleans Thomas William Blazeby's battle Greys[138] infantIy

JesseG. Private marksman, unknown 1798 Arkansas killed in joined Cant. Seals ranger Thompson battle 39] compauy List of Alamo defenders 17

JohnW. Private, surgeon, Alamo hospital 1807 NCarolina killed in joined Vol. Aux..Corps in TOOmson marksman battle Nacogdoches, member of . [139] Capt.Gilmer's company

John, M. 2ndLt. Forsyth's cavalry 1812 Pennsylvania killed in delivered rifle powder to Thurston company battle DimmiP4ll]

Burke Private Carey's company 1810 Ireland killed in Fought at Bexar, remained at the Tnunme1 battle Alamo[140]

WilliamB. Lt. Colonel ColllDl8.1lder of his August 9, Edgefield Disbict. killed in Commanded the "Regulars"; first Travis own cavalry company, 1809 South Carolina battle of the defenders to be killed in the fully commanded fina1 battle[141] Alamo on 212411836 2nd cousin of defender lames Butler Bonham

Carey's art:ill.ery killed in GeorgeW. Private 1814 Missouri fought at Bexar, Gonzales resident, Tumliruoon battle (rode in as part of the "Immortal. 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangen)[142]

lames Tylee Private marksman. unknown 1795 New York killed in manied, in 1834, he applied for battle land in Texas[142]

Asa Walker Private, Capt. Robert White's 1813 Tennessee killed in Fought at Siege of Bexar. On marksman infantIy ccmpany battle Neill's list as hospital patient. [143] (Bexar Guards)

Jacob Private Capt. William R. 1799 Tennessee killed in One of the last of the Alamo Walkirr Carey artillery battle garrison to be killed-in the Alamo company cbape1[144]

IreI",d WilliamB. Sergeant unknown, fought near 1806 killed in Had a reputation for drunkenness . . . [145] WaId artillery at main gate battle m earlier postings.

Henry Private Capt. William R. 1812 Resident of Arkansas survived lfutorians disagree on whether Warnell Carey artillery Warnell was at the Alamo. The company historians who place Wamell in the Alamo believe Warnell either escaped by playmg dead after the

battle on March 6 or that he left Wi a courier. Warnell died in Port Lavaca, Texas, of wounds incurred either during the final battle or . [146] during his escape as a couner.

Joseph Private marksman, Harrison's ca. 1808 Tennessee killed in From Robertson County, George company battle Tennessee, twin sister Amanda WaslUngton Melvina Washington. parents Andrew Washington and Margaret Bridger.

Tho,"", Private Capt. William R. 1812 England killed in Fought at siege of Bexar. Rode Waters Carey's artillery battle with Capt. Thomas Breece's company ccmpanl of New Odeans Greys[ 47]

William marksman. Capt. William. H. 1798 Hall County, Georgia killed in married, had son & daughter[148] Wella unknown Patton's company battle

Isaac White Sergeant unknown unknown unknown killed in was married, one donghter[149] battle List of Alamo defenders 18

Robert Captain Commander of his 1806 unknown, Gonzales killed in fought at Bexar, (rode in as part of own infantry resident White battle the "I:mmortal32" Gonzales company, the Bexar Mounted Rang""P50] Guards

Hiram James Sergeant-Major In-charge of the 1810 Philadelphia, killed in Fought at siege of Bexar. Highest Williamson of the garrison Alamo companies Pennsylvania battl. rankin1 enlisted man in the Alamo 151]

killed in Wilfuun unknown unknown unknown unknown fanner in Brazoria County. Wills battl. T .... [152] DavidL. unknown followed Dimmitt to 1807 Scotlomd killed in remained in Alamo, resident of Wilson Bexar battl. Nacogdoches[153]

John Wilson unknown unknown 1804 Pennsylvania killed in his parents were John and Jane battle (Nevin) Wilson[lS4]

Anthony unknown Capt. William R. F.btuaIy Spain killed in He and his sons were some of the Wolf Carey artillery 17,1782 battl. last of garrison to be killed in company Alamo ChapeP55]

Claiborne unknown rode in as part of the 1810 North Carolina killed in fought at Siede of Bexar. resident Wrigbt "Immortal 32" battl. of Gonzales 56] Gonzales Mounted Rang...

Chades lieutenant onInaac. (undo>- Neill) 1808 Romd=,Deamm-k killed in fought at Si~e of Bexar. remained Zanca battl. in Alamo [I ]

John, a black unknown Hopewell believes he unknown unknown killed in Groneman thinks he was left in the maa battle entered the Alamo Alamo when Francis L. ~ue . [159] with Bowie[158] was sent out for supplies. Joe (Travis's aid), stated that there were other Blacks in the Alamo.[l60]

Unless otherwise noted, these martyred defenders names are fetched from the [161] Alamo website's lisP62]

Footnotes

[I] Chari1Dn (1990), p. 180. [2] Gronemaa (1990), p. 1 [3] Gronemaa (1990), p. 2. [4] Handbook of Texas Online, S.v. "," (hUp:/Iwww.tshaonline.orglhandbooklonlineJarticleslAAlfal48.html) (accessed July 25, 2010). [5] Lindley (2003), p. 87. [6] Lindley (2003), p. 54. [7] Gronemaa (1990), pp. 6-7. [8] Gronemaa (1990), p. 7. [9] Gronemaa (1990), p. 8. [10] Gronemaa (1990), p. 9. [11] Gronemaa (1990), pp. <}'-IO. [12] Gronemaa (1990), p. 10. [13] Gronemaa(199O),pp.lO-I1. [14] Gronemaa (1990), p. 11. [15] Gronemaa (1990), p. 12. [16] Gronemaa (1990), pp. 13-14. [17] Gronemaa (1990), p. 14. [18] Gronemaa (1990), p. 15-16. [19] Gronemaa (1990), p. 16. [20] Hopewell (1994), pp. 2-3. List of Alamo defenders 19

[21] Hopewell (1994), p, 116. [22] Groneman (1990), p. 19. [23] Lindley (2003), p. 62. [24] Groneman (1990), p. 20. [25] Groneman (1990), pp. 20-21. [26] Groneman (1990), p. 21. [27] Groneman (1990), p. 22. [28] Groneman (1990), p. 23. [29] Groneman (1990), p. 24. [30] Groneman (1990), p. 25. [31] Groneman (1990), p. 26. [32] Groneman (1990), p. 27. [33] Lindley (2003), p. 202. [34] Groneman (1990), p. 29. [35] Groneman (1990), p. 30. [36] Groneman (1990), p. 31. [37] Groneman (1990), p. 32. [38] Groneman (1990), p. 33. [39] Groneman (1990), p. 34. [40] Groneman (1990), p. 35. [41] Groneman (1990), p. 36. [42] Groneman (1990), p. 37. [43] Groneman (1990), p. 39. [44] Todish (1998), p. 89. [45] Groneman (1990), pp.4(}-41. [46] Groneman (1990), pp. 41-42. [47] Groneman (1990), p. 42. [48] Groneman (1990), p. 45. [49] Groneman (1990), p. 46. [50] Groneman (1990), p. 47. [51] Edmondson (2000), p. 371. [52] Groneman (1990), p. 48. [53] Groneman (1990), p. 49. [54] de 1a Teja (1991), p. 18. [55] de 1a Teja (1991), p. 135, 182. [56] Lindley (2003), p. 94, 112. [57] Groneman (1990), p. 50. [58] Groneman (1990), p. 51. [59] Groneman (1990), p. 52. [60] Groneman (1990), p. 53. [61] Groneman (1990), p. 54. [62] Groneman (1990), p. 55. [63] Groneman (1990), p. 56. [64] Groneman (1990), p. 57. [65] Lindley (2003), p. 53. [66] Groneman (1990), p. 58. [67] Groneman (1990), p. 59. [68] Groneman (1990), p. 60. [69] Groneman (1990), p. 61. [70] Groneman (http://www.tshaonline.org!handbook/online/artic1eslHHl:fhi8.html) [71] Groneman (1990), p. 62. [72] Groneman (1990), p. 63. [73] Groneman (1990), p. 64. [74] Handbook of Texas (http://www.tshaonline.orgIhandbooklonlinelarticlesl11/fji4.html) [75] Groneman (1990) p. 65. [76] Edmondson (2000), p. 369. [77] Groneman (1990), p. 66. [78] Groneman (1990), p. 67. [79] Handbook of Texas (http://www.tshaooline.orgIhandbook/onl:ineIarticleslKK/fIre69.html) List of Alamo defenders 20

[SO] Handbook of Texas (http://www.tshaonline.orgIhandbooklon1inelarticleslKKlfke70.html) [81] Andrew Kent (http1/www.findagnlve.comlcgi-bmJfg.cgi1page=I!.&GRid=8888057) at FhuI a Gmve [82] Groneman (1990). p. 69 [83] The Immortal 32 Gonzales Rangers by Wallace L McKeehan accessed from The DeWitt Colony Alamo Defenders (htlp:!/www.tamu.edul ccbnldewittlgonzal.esrangersf-k.htm#kimb1e) on 26 March 2010. [84] Handbook of Texas (http://www.tshaooline.orgIhandbook/onl:ineIarticleslKKlfki24.html) [85] Groneman (1990). p. 71. [86] Groneman (1990). p. 72. [87] Lindley (2003). p. 90. [88] Groneman, Alamo Defende ..... pp. 72-73. [89] Handbook of Texas (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/on1:ineIarticl.eslUJfJ.o63.html) [90] Groneman (1990). p. 74. [91] Groneman (1990). p. 75. [92] Groneman (1990). p. 76. [93] Groneman (1990). p. 77. [94] Todish (1998). p. 83. [95] Groneman(1990). p. 78-79. [96] Groneman (1990). p.79. [97] Groneman (1990). p.80. [98] Groneman (1990). p.81. [99] Groneman (1990). p.81-82. [100] Handbook of Texas (http1/www.tshaonline.org!handbookionline/articles/NNlfna2O.html) [101] Handbook of Texas (http://www.tshaonllne.orglhandbook/online/articiesINN/fue36.html) [102] Groneman (1990). p.84. [103] Groneman (1990). p. 85. [104] See section B.F.Nobles courier with Dimmit (http://www.tshaooline.orglhandbooklonlineJarticles/DD/fdi19.html) [105] Groneman (1990). p. 86. [106] Groneman (1990). p. 87. [107] Handbook of Texas (http://www .tshaonline.orglhandbookionlineiarticleslOOlfoul.html) [108] Groneman (1990). p. 88. [109] Groneman (1990). p. 88-89. [110] Lindley(2003). p. 202. [III] Groneman (1990). p. 89-90. [112] Handbook of Texas (http1/www.tshaonline.nrg/handbookionline/articles/PP/fpe77.htmI) [113] Groneman (1990). p. 91-92 [114] Groneman (1990). p. 93. [115] Handbook of Texas (http://www.tshaonline.orglhandbookionline/articles/RRIfrocb.html) [116] Handbook of Texas (http://www .tshaonline.orgIhandbookJooline/articles/RRIfroav .html) [117] Groneman (1990). p. 95-96. [118] Handbook of Texas (http://www .tshaonline.orglhandbooklonline/articles/SS/fsc34.html) [119] Groneman,Alamo Defenders, p.97. [120] Nofi, The Alamo and the Texas War of Independence, pp. 85-86. [121] Handbook of Texas (http://www .tshaonline.orglhandbookionlineiarticleslSSlfse27 .html) [122] Handbook of Texas (httpllwww.tshaonline.org!handbook/online/articles/SSIfBh60.htmI) [123] Groneman (1990). p. 100. [124] Groneman (1990). p. 101. [125] Groneman (1990). p. 103. [126] Nofi, The Alamo and the Texas War of Independence, p. 78. [127] My.... The Alamo. p. 202. [128] Groneman.pp.IOI-I02. [129] Todish et aI., p. 90. [130] Handbook of Texas (http://www .tshaonline.orgIhandbookionlineiarticleslSSlfsm86.html) [131] G:roneman,Alamo Defenders, p. 105. [132] Groneman (1990). p. 106 [133] Groneman (1990). p. 107 [134] Handbook of Texas (http1/www.tshaonline.org!handbooklonline/articles/SS/fsu7.html) [135] Handbook of Texas (http://www .tshaonline.orglhandbookionlineiarticleslSS/fsu20.html) [136] Groneman (1990). p. 109 [137] Groneman (1990). p. 110 List of Alamo defenders 21

[138] Groneman (1990), p. 111 [139] Groneman (1990), p. 112 [140] Groneman (1990), p. 113 [141] Groneman (1990), p. 115 [142] Groneman (1990), p. 116 [143] Handbook of Texas (http://www.tshaonline.orglhandbookiooline/articles/WW/fwabb.html) [144] Handbook of Texas (http://www .t8haonline.orgIhandbookionlineiartic1esIWW/fwa18.html) [145] "Waro. William B." (http://tshaonline.org/handbooklon1inelartic1esIWW/fwabe.html).HandbookofTexasOnline.. Retrieved 2()()

References • Chariton, Wallace O. (1990), Exploring the Alamo Legends, Dallas, TX: Press, ISBN 9781556222559 • della Teja, Jesus (1991), A Revolution Remembered: The Memoirs and Selected Correspondence of Juan N. Seguin, Austin, TX: State House Press, ISBN 0-938349-68-6 • Edmondson, J .R. (2000), The Alamo Story-From History to Current Coriflicts, Plano, TX: Republic of Texas Press, ISBN 1-55622-678-0 • Groneman, Bill (1990), Alamo Defenders: A Genealogy, the People and Their Words, Austin, TX: Eakin Press, ISBN 9780890157572 • Hopewell, Clifford (1994), Texas Fighting Man: A Biography, Austin, TX: Eakin Press, ISBN 0890158819 • Lindley, Thomas Ricks (2003), Alamo Traces: New Evidence and New Conclusions, l.anbam, MD: Republic of Texas Press, ISBN 1556229836 • Myers, John Myers (1948), The Alamo, Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, ISBN 0803257791 • Noli, Albert A. (1992), The Alamo and the Texas War of Independence, September 3D, 1835 to April 21, 1836: Heroes, Myths, and History, Conshohocken, PA: Combined Books,inc.,ISBN 0938289101 • Todish, Timothy J.; Todish, Terry; Spring, Ted (1998), Alamo Sourcebook, 1836: A Comprehensive Guide to the Battle of the Alamo and the Texas Revolution, Austin, TX: Eakin Press, ISBN 9781571681522 List of Alamo defenders 22

Further reading • Rosenthal, Philip S., Alamo Soldiers: An Armchair Historian's Guide to the Defenders ofthe Alamo, A Team Productions (1989) ISBN 0-9622557-O-X • Rosenthal, Philip and Bill Groneman, Roll Gall At The Alamo, The Old Army Press (1985), ISBN 0883420651

Links Military Rolls of the Republic of Texas 1835 - 1845, Compiled by H. David Maxey (http://www.tsbaonline.org! supsites/mi1itary!) Alamo Noncombatants, Handbook of Texas Online, s.v. ..,.. (http:// www. tsbaonline. org! handbook! online! artic1es/AA/qsa1.hlml) (accessed September 4,2010). In the Alamo's Shadow, By Ron Jackson (http://www.tamu.edu/ccbu/dewitt/adplhistory/1836/b1acksljackson. hlml) Article Sources and Contributors 23

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