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7490 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD_._SENATE. SEPTEl\IBER 29~ several forks and tributaries. in Idahu with a view to flood con- Also, memorial of Motor Oar Co., of Baltimore, Md:.,, protesting trol ;- to the Committee 'On Flood Control. against the 3 per cent gross. sales tax on the automobi:fe· dealers By Mr. DENT: A bill (H. R. 6350) to aufuorlze the l.ssuance and manufacturers in the war:..re\enue bill; to the Committee on of Reserve Corps and National Army commissions in the lower Ways and Means. grades of· Sta1! Corps and to remove the- fixed age l.imjts requir- Also, petition of William H. Kammer, ·ot Baltimore, Md'., ing the discharge of Reserve Corps offieers ; to the Commfttee on protesting against the trrcrease in tax on alcohol'; to the Com- Military Affairs. mittee: on Ways and Means. By Mr. EMERSON: Resolution (If. Res. 156) asking the Also, memorial ot Carr-Lowry Glass Co., of Baltimore·, Md., President to set aside a day of prayer for the success of American- . favoring the inclusion ot glass ma.nufacturers ln the receivers arms; to the Committee on Milltar~ Affairs. · of preferential coal shipments~ to the· Committee on Agricnltur~ Also, petition of the August 1\laag Co., of Baltimore, Md., favoring the passage of the 1-cent war ta:x: on out-of-town let· PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. ters; to the Committee on Ways and 1\feamr. Under clatrse 1 of Rule XXII, pri'v'ate bills and resolutions Arso, petition of the Lftch.fiel'd Manufacturing oo~, of Wate"r· were introduced and severally referred as fo-Hows: loo, Iowa, protestfng -again'St the excess-profits tax on mttmTfac-- By Mr. TINKHA.M. A bill (H. R. 6351}' for- the relief' of the turers of machinery~ to the Committee on Ways and Means. owner of the stenmer Mayjtotner and for the relfef· ot passengers Also~ petition of Swindell Bros., :Baltimore, 1\fd., protesti'ng on board said steamer;- to the Committee-on the .fndictary. against the pr.oposed tax of 5 per cent on perfumery-; to· the Com.. By Mr. RAKER: A bill (H. R. 6352) granting- an increas~ of mitte.e on Ways and Means. · . · pension to Martha F. James; to the Commfttee on ·Pensions. Also; petition of Maryland' Pharmaceutical Association, in- By Mr. NICHOLS of lllichlgan: A bill ~H. R. 6353) for there- dorsing House bill 5531, to increase tile efficiency of the United lief of James. Strachan; to the Committee on Claims. States Army; to the Committee on Milituy Affairs. By Mr. KINKAID: A bill (H. R. 6354) for the relief of Noah Also, petrtion of Alpha: Photo. Engraving Co.) Baltimore;. Md., Oo:x:; t

fiScal year ending June 30, 1918, and prior fiscal years~ on ac· in this time of great need of foodstuffs, when other sparsely settled an

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7492 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. SEPTEMBER 29,

propaganda bas continued, but in a modified form. It would be and on December 30 the British liner Pe-rsia was sunk in the difficult to ascertain exactly how much money has been ex­ Mediterranean without warning, and more than 300 passengers pended for this purpose, but some of the recent disclosur~ by and members of the crew were lost, among them being an the State Department indicate how active were Germany's own American consul travellng to his post. This American corn~ul representatives while in this cotmtry. It is well for the Ameri­ was obliged to sail on this British vessel, because there was can people to realize the hypocrisy and disloyalty of an these no American ve sel upon which he could travel. He was entitled efforts, and to determine to stamp them out relentlessly and to protection under international law, as well as under the remorselessly, because the interests of the Nation must ut no repeated assurances of the German Government. time be imperiled more by the traitors within our walls than by "On January 7, 1916, the German Government again assured the enemies without. the 'United States that German submarines in the Mediterranean " It bas been repeatedly stated that Amet1ca entered this war would not sink enemy merchant vessels, except in accordance to make liberty and democracy secure throughout the world. wjth the general principles of international law, and 'only al'ter While that is true, it must always be remembered that America passengers and crews had been accorded safety.' On February entered the war for a more immediate reason. Noble and ideal­ 16, 1916, the German Government said to the United States: istic as is l1er championship of universal democracy, sl1e entered "Germany has limited her submarin~ warfare because of her long­ this war primarily because of the persistent insults and aggres­ standing friendship with the 'United States, and because by the sinkin~ sions of Germany, the wanton disregard of American rights of the Lusitania, which caused the death of citizens of the United State , the German retaliation · a.trected neutrals, which was- not the intention, within oru· own borders as well as upon the high seas. the con­ as retaliation should be confined to enemy subjects. temptuous violation of international law, and the 1·uth1ess de­ struction of American life and property. " The German Government promptly proceeded to disrega1·d " Before this war broke out every civilized nation. accepted these assurances, sinking numerous ships without warning, in­ and honored the rule that in time of war a merchant vessel, cluding a number of Ame1·kan citizens, and imperiling the lives neutral or belligerent, should not be sunk by an enemy war of many more. Whereupon the American Government notifiecl vessel unless the lives of the passengers and crew were first the German Government on the 18th of April, 1916, two months made safe. Under this long-observed law an American citizen thereafter, that- had the light to travel upon a British or a French merchant "If it is still the purpose of the Imperial German Government to ship with the full knowledge that that ship would not be sunk prosecute rl:'lentless and indiscriminate war~re against vessels of com- merce by the use of submarines, without regard to what the Governm~nt by a German war ves el until the passengers and crew were of the United States must consider the sacred and indisputable rules taken from the ship and their safety secured. Civilized war- of international law and the universally recognized dictate of humanity, the Government of the United Statl:'s is at last forced to the conclusion f are L as al ways respec t e d th e lives o f noncomb atants. that there is but one course it can pursue. Unless the Imperial Govern- " If a German regiment should capture a French town or ment should now immediately declare and ·elrect an abandonment of Its city, and, while marching through the streets, should fire upon present methods of submarine warfare against passenger and freight a crowd of unarmed and helpless men~ women, and children, carrying vessels, the Governm~nt of the United States can have no choice but to sever diplomatic relations with the German Empire altogether. . l\:illing a great number of them, crippling and wounding others, " . the whole world would gasp with horror; and .yet this would Whereupon. the German Governm~t. on the 4th of Ma~, 1916, be far less inhuman than to sink a ship at sea containing non- about two weeks thereafter, gave ~efirute assurances to this Gov­ combatant men, women, and children, because on land those' · ~rnment that new. 'Orders had been 1~su~ to Ger~nn naval officers who are wounded may be rescued, taken to the hospitals and in accordRD;ce With the general prmc1ples

" The crowning act of infamy in Germany's ruthless policy, exports to Great Britain, France, Belgmm, and Italy were however-and r_ mention it last, although it was the first in $3,457,000,000, in .round numbers; in 1916 they were $2,247;- occurrence--was the sinking, on May 7, 1915, of the British 000,000, in round numbers. Our e::qlorts to those countries con­ steamship l/usitania, an unarmed passenger vessel, and tfie stitute more than one-half of our export· trade with the entire killing of 114 American citizens-men, women, and children. world. These exports represent the surplus products of our " Each and every American life and each and every .A:merican farms, of our mines, of our factorie . If. we are denied a ma.r.­ yessel destroyed by Germany during these two years was an act ket fol' them, these farm products would rot or go to waste of war upon the American people; the consequences of- which upon our own soil, the proquction of our mines and factories we:r:.e avoi fight-and why? Because, first, national honor tion, support their dependent families while they are risking and a:nd self-respect imperatively demanded it, and, second, be­ giving their very lives for us; we must supply them with a rea­ cause we can never concede the right of any nation, however sonable amount of life insurance. We destroy their insurability powerful, to order American vessels ·and American citizens to and conscript almost the whole of their earning power when keep oft the high seas and prevent America from selling her we draft them and send them to the front. We can do no less surplu products of the farm, the factory, and the mine to than restitute their destroyed insurability and their diminished other nations of the \Yorld. earning power. We must increase, strengthen. and maintain "If we had tamely submitted to that order, it would have our Navy; we must provide a predominant fleet of aeroplanes brought disaster and ruin to the American peOJlle. Not only and air fighters; we must build a great merchant fleet, so would it have oeen a mortal blow to their honor, self-respect, that our long line of communicatiorr with our gallant soldiers and standing as a nation but it would have brought irreparable in France may be maintained and our commerce carried aero s injury., loss, and suffering. to· our people. If any foreign nation the high seas in defiance of the German Kaiser and his sub­ in_ this war could with impunity order vessels of the United marines; we must succor our noble compatriots in arms-the States to keep off of any portion of the high seas, which are British, the French, the Italians, the Belgians, and the RuS'­ the common property of all the nations of the earth, and if we sians-by lending them money with which they can buy arms had submitted, we would have established a fateful precedent. and food and . other supplies in our market . All these things In a future war some other nation might conclude that Ameri­ must be done and done quickly. It is upon the Treasury of can -ves els carrying American citizens and American com­ the United States that every demand in time of war focuses, merce should be ordered off of some other portion of. the high because everything goes back to the gold pile. The problem of seas, and we would be obliged to submit or to fight under all the American Treasury is the problem of the American banker of the disad ·antages of having yielded in the first instance. If and the· problem of the American people; it is the problem of we had been submissiYe, it would not be an illogical next step keeping tlie Treasury supplied. with the means to carry forward for the nation which ordered us off of 500 miles of the Atlantic these great objects under the direction of the Commander in Ocean to· order us to keep off the entire Atlantic Ocean except Chief of the Army 'and Navy of the United States, your Presi­ that part within. 3: miles from our own shores, over which we dent, whose glorious stand for America's honor and America's have ach""nowledged juri diction. We could neYer submit to rights, for justice, civilization, and demorcracy have made him such a destruction of our vital rights. one of the greatest of 'tbe world's outstanding figures. - " On the material side the disaster of submission is most " The problem is twofolfl : To supply essential credits to 'the sh·iking. The Kaiser's order forbade our ships from carrying allied Governments, because it is vital to the cause that theh· our people and ou1~ commerce to Great Britain, France, and strength: and credit shall be sustained ; and, secondly, to meet Italy. Our prosperity and our. welfare as a people are in­ our own requirements. · separably connected~ with our right of' free and unmolested in­ " Rouglily speaking, and after allowing for the amount of rev­ tercourse. with those nations. In the fiscal year 1917 om· total enue to be raised by taxation for the fiscal year ending June 30, 7494 CO:NGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-- SEN ~1,E. SEPTE~IBER - 29~ .

1918, we shall ba ve to raise by additional bond issues between lla\e to be raised by tnxation upon the masses of the people; thirteen a nu fourteen billions of dollars. It is estimated that in other words, they would have to be taxed directly in order that $5,000,000,000 will repre ent additional loans to the allied Gov­ the $400,000,000 of tax exemption accorded to the people of great ernments, which, in turn, '~ill give us their obligations bearing ~ealth who bought the liberty bonds should be able to get them on mterest. This $5,000,000,000 will not, therefore, represent ex­ better terms than the poor man who bought them. This is mani~ penditures; it will represent loap.s based upon the good faith and ~estly unfair, becau e, although the total exemption affect more honor of these foreign Gov-ernments-loans which will ulti­ 9r le the price for which the bonds may be sold for the United mately be repaid to the American people. But as we must States, yet no adequate return can be bad for it. We can not finance these loans, they are an integral part of our general ell bonds in billions on the basis of. what they may be worth to financial operations. To raise thirteen to fourteen billions of the very rich. They mu t be offered to all the people alike at dollars on or before the 30th of June, 1918, by the sale of bonds one price, and should appeal to all a-like and upon equal term . in recurring installments seems· to some people an impossible The result of selling a bond which bears a low rate of interest task. It is a stupendous undertaking, but it is not impo sible fllld carries exemption from graduat~d and superincome taxes for America. It is not ea y, but it can be done. Our resources ~vill be this: The poor and the people of modest mean. will buy are adequate; our will is perfect; otu· spirit is indomitable; and them for patriotic rea ~ ons, but will be l.mablo to hold them, our success is certain. We hav-e only to pull together-bankers, because the return is too small. It will be le s than they can get lawyers, doctors, manufacturers, farmers, wage earners, labor­ from banks of deposit or savings banks, and the tendency will be ers, men and women alike, Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts, and all the time for the e bonus to be purchased from them and accu­ every other class of our people--and we can do the job. Ah·eady mulated by the v-ery rich without any adequate consideration we have demonstrated what a united people can do when par­ moving from them either to the United States or to the original tisanship is subordinated to patriotism ; when love of country subscriber. In these circumstances the value of the tax exemp. becomes supreme. I look forward, therefore,-with confidence to tion depends not upon the bonds themselves but upon a wholly the .success of the recurring campaigns we must make for the extraneous fact, the extent of the wealth of tlle holder. sale of liberty bonds, and I am comforted by the reflection that "Much might be said for subjecting the· bonds to normal in­ the Government has the solid and unswerving suppo1~t of the come taxes as well as to supertaxes. Practical 'considerations, patriotic men who compose the American Bankers' Association. however, make such a discussion academic. If the bonds were " The new bonds bear 4 per cent interest and are exempt from not exempt from normal taxeSj it would probably be necessary all State, municipal, and local taxation, except estate and · in­ to offer a lligher rate of interest than .4 per cent. To do that heritance taxe , and all Federal taxes except s_uperincome taxes, would involve too sudden an adjustment in the markets for other excess-profits taxes, and inheritance taxes. They are convertible securities to be healthy. It i important that the United States, into another issue of bonds, if authorized by the Congress, bear­ in becoming a great borrower of money, should adjust the terms ing a higher rate of interest th.an 4 per cent. I shall not enter of issues in such a way as to avoid,· as far as practicable, any into tlw details, because Treasury circulars and regulations will break in the general market for securities. It is apparent that explain them :ful~y . . I do desire, howev-er, to adv-ert briefly to the the rea ons I have given, which are controlling against exemp­ taxation feature of these bonds. tion-from supertaxes, apply, if at all, only to a very limited ex­ 11 The first liberty bonds bore 3! per cent interest ·and ''ere tent to exemption from stamp taxes and normal income taxes. exempt a1so from supertaxe ·. These bonds did not make the These taxes are levied upon all wealth at a level rate, and the widest appeal. To be succe ·sful with recurring issues of liberty exemption carries approximately equal value to every bond· bond it is nece sary that they should appeal to the rna· es of holder, ri_ch and poor alike. There is a very_natural feeling that the people. In or<;ler to give the exemption from supertaxes on the holder of a United States bond ought not to be harassed by the first liberty bonds it was necessary to make the rate of in­ little taxes and returns incidental to its ownership. The United tere t correspondingly ·lmY. The returns how that of the States ought to be able to get full value for exemption from • uch 4,000,000 subscribers to the first liberty loan 3,960,000 subscribed normal and .stamp taxes in the price and inte1·est rate at which in amounts of $10,000 and less. The aggregate of such subscrip­ it will be able to sell its bonds. The bonds will, of course. con­ tions was approximately $1,300,000,000, or 62! per cent of the tinue to be exempt from all State and local taxes throughout the fil'st offering. To most of these subscribers exemption from the United State . supertaxes was of no value, or in any case of little value, whereas 11 If a subsequent serie of bonds bearing interest at a higher to the 40,000 subscribers who bought large blocks of libei~ty bonds rate than 4 per cent per annum should be issued by the United the exemption from the supertaxes gave an undue advantage. States before. the end 'Jf the war, then the holders of these bonds In order that they might have this advantage, the small holder will have the privilege, at their option, at any time within six was obliged to receive a lower rate of interest. -It was estimated months after such is ue is made, of converting their b"onds at that under the pending House bill the exemption from supertaxes par into bonds bearing the higher rate of interest at the price, would make a 3! per cent_liberty bond in the hands of a man not less than par, at which the bonds bearing interest at the with a large income equivalent to a taxable bond bearing 9! higher rate shall be off red for ubscription to the public. Of per cent interest per annum for that part of his income in exce s com·se bonds bearing interest at a ·higher rate than 4 per cent of $2,000,000 .. The inequality of this plan is obvious. · It .·ets can not be issued without further legi ·Iation by Congress, and, at naught· the principle now firmly grounded in our national if such an issue should be authorized, not only the interest rate policy that graduated taxes shall be laid upon wealth in order but al o the general character of the bonds will be determined that the burden of taxation may be equitably distributed and by Congress or by the Secretary of t11e Treasury under the au­ made to bear more heavily upon the rich than upon the poor. thority of an act of Congre s; and the holders of the 4_' per cent No one now challenges the correctne. of this principle. It is, bonds will be entitled, if they wish to do so, to receive bonds of therefore, essential that Government bonds hould be i sued the character so determined, except that the bonds issued to upon a basis which will be equally just to the poor man and the them, if they exerci e the privilege of conversion, will have the rich man, so that each may purchase these bonds upon practically same date of maturity, the same interest dates, and the same the ~arne intere. t basis after allowing for the different scales of date for.redemption before maturity as the 4 per cent bonds now taxation. The present law accomplishes that object. offered. If this new conv-ersion right arises it must be exer­ " It should be borne in mind, moreover, that if the Government cised within the period prescribed by the Secretary of the should continue to exempt from supertaxes bonds issued during Treasury or it will come to an end. The object of this privi­ this war, the time would come 'vhen there would be created lege of conver ion is to place the investor in 4 per cent liberty in this counh·y a class of people of great wealth, enjoying great bonus in a position of substantial· equality with the purchaser incomes wholly free from tax burden. A grave risk would be of bonds of the next is~ ue at a higher rate! . if any be made-. involved in such a policy. It would be fraught with . great not to give him a position of superiority from which he might danger to the State and would be well calculated to produce dis­ pick and choose between various bargains which from time to content with tax burdens falling thu heav-ily on the many to the time migbt be offered by the United States during the course of · ex:clu ion of the few. the war. -u the new bonds into which conversion is made carry 11 For the purpose of illustration, let us suppose that the war also a conversion privilege then that privilege may be exercised continues so long that $20,000,000,000 of bond , bearing 4 per with respect to a subsequent i sue at the holder's option. cent interest, should be outstanding, and that they were exempt 11 These provi ions for conversion are substantially determined from all taxation, including supertaxation. The intere t charge by llie act of Congress recently approved by the Presiclent, and on these bonds would be $800,000,000 per annum, almost as much under which the bonds are offered for subscription. Of course as the entire ex'J)enses of the Government at the outbreak of this this act of Congress does not affect in any way · the rights of . war. Let us suppose t11at half, or $400,000,000, represented the the holders of the 3! per cent. liberty bonds of the first isgue.' exemption ft·om supertaxes which was accorded to people of Their rights were fixed by the previous act, and by the terms of great wealth. - Bear in. mind that I am taking nrbitrat·y. figm•es the circular offering the e bonds for subscription, and by the merely for the purpose of illustration. Tllis $400,000,000 would terms of the bonds themselves. They may convert their bonds ~ 1917 .. CONGRESSIONAL B.ECORD-SENATE. 7495 into new 4 per cent bonds just like those now being offered for bined-resources-of the National and State banks ( ln ~1uding trust subscription, except that the bonds issUed upon such conversion companies) -of the United States are now $37,000,000,000. At the will have the same maturity of principal and interest and re- outbreak of the-Civil -War t he combined resources ·of the banks clemption Olitical subdivision thereof in the United States, or by of the Government and for the continued maintenance o-f our any private corporation,· which gave to the investor the oppor~ industrial and commercial situation unharmed and unimpeded tunity of conver·ting that bond into a subsequent issue o:f bonds by the essential financial operations of ·the Government. This .at a higher t·ate of interest. There may be, but I am not aware sounds -at -varll).nce with what I am going to sny subsequently of it. about th·e necessity of cutting off of unnecessary -capital expend!- . " 'irhe question naturally presents itself as to .how these great tures during the war, but it is not. That action is none the less operations of the Government are to be financed. They can be .desirable, because, as a matter of prudence and of wisdom, we financed only through the united support of all the people of the should conserve the Tesources of the Nation in every possible United States. The kind of support I mean ·is that every .mdi• direction. vidual, every partnership, every corporation, shall inv.est not " In the matter of sa-vings, which are of such prime importance, only their available means from time to time in· Government the Treasury purposes to issue in the near .future and to sell to bonds, but that they shall make sacrifices nf. comfort 8.nd . con- .the people. war savmgs certificates in as small denominations as venience; that they shall economize; that they shall avoid waste; $5, maturing in five years, nnd upon such a reasonable plan that that they shall save m every possible direction in order that they the humblest person in the land may be encouraged to save all may increase their .available resources for the pm~pose of assist- that he can and to invest in an absolutely safe security bearing ing the Government in these prodigious operations· upon which interest, while a:t the same time doing his part to sustain tbe the national security -absolutely depends. We .must encourage Government ·and help win the war. .J. have appointed a war thrift and industry throughout the land, ·and we must- make savings committee to take charge, tmder the direction of the Sec­ everybody ·understand that the first duty of the hour at this retary of the ·Treasury, of this important b-ranch of the werk_ critical time is to place all thei:r available resources .at 'the dis- This committee consists-of 1\Iessrs. ·Fra'IlkA. Vande-di:p·, chairman; posal of the Government. Frederick A. Delano, of the Federal Reserve Board ; .Henry For-d, '"Fortunately the-resources of America were never so ample fl)r of Detroit; Charles L ..'Baine, of Boston;. Mrs. Elizabeth Bass. of ourselves and so formidable ·for our enemies as now. 'The com,. Chicago ;·.Eugene Meyer, of New York. It wiD :not be pes ib-le to 74!l6 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. SEPTEl\IBER 2'9: ' offer the wat' savings -certifi-cates dtu·ingi:he-:f01·thcoming li~erty dire need. . This system has already won · the approval of the loan campaign, but as _quicklY. ~ possible the e certificates will bankers and people of the United States. I wish that the State be made available for the people of the country through_the post banks ·would realize the great opportunity they now have of offices, internal-revenue offices, customs offices, the banks, and promoting the~r . own .interests by joining the Federal Reserye other agencies that may be designated by the Government. Sy tern, and .by uoing so to make that great system more im­ " The value of this ca_mpaign for war sav_jngs cei:tificates is pregnable for their interest and the common interest of t11e not alone in the amount of money : that may be_SU;ved, but in cotmtry. It would consolidate the financial strength of the teaching the people of the United States on a nation-wide scale Nation in such a way· that tJie operations of the Government and through an intelligent prese~tation o~ the facts the value of in this war could not be put in question. It is a commanding thrlft.and saving. Its b~nefici!tl effects ~:mght t9 surviv~ the war .duty of self-in~rest and patriotic service to the country. and have a permanent effect upon the future economy of the . "The next offeriiig of the-liberty loan ha~ just b:)Em announced. country. . The-amO-unt is $3-,000,000,000, with the right reserved to allot "Upon the bap.kers rest a -peculiar duty and respo~s~bipty at 50 per cent of the oversubscription. I should like you to under­ this time. Th~ cnu render inestimable service, not alone in stand, gentlemen, . t.Iiat' in the determination of the amount of promoting savings but also . in exercising a wise discrimination these offerings I am controlled by inexorable facts. These facts as to loans involving new c~pital expenditures !tnd. in discour­ are the actual necessities of your Government. I do not deter­ aging every unnecessary undertaking involving fixed invest­ mine these que8.tions -m·bitrai~ily. We are face to face with n ments until after the close of this war. We must realize, my situation ·where the needs of· the . Government must be met. fellow countrymen, that the gravity of the sitl!ation for the Wheri I announce the ·amount of an offering of liberty bonds, Nation and for the entire world is so impre sive that the Gov­ please remember that it is the miiiimum with whlch the Gov; ernment must preempt and occupy exclusively, if necess~y, ernment's business can be carried· on and the war effectually until this war is over the entire investment field in the United conducted. I shoUld feel happier if the loan were larger, but s~~& . . I have endeavored to make it as small as possible in order that " It should be the first duty of every citizen to invest gladly the least possible strain may be put upon the country's resources his available means in Government bonds, and it should be the during the crop-moving season. duty of the patriotic governors of our States, the mayors of "We must make this loan a success. We can make it a our cities, and the controlling authorities in every political sub­ success. The failure of a single issue of Government bonds division of the country to discontinue unnecessary public works would be worse for America than a disaster upon the field of and in1provements until this war is over. Private enterprise battle. We must never let that happen. should be governed by the same principle. I do not mean to "A few days ago I read the following manifesto issued in l1ave you infer that this is a definite suggestion that an imme­ Berlin by the League of German Municipalities: diate attempt be made upon any organized scale to discourage " If money tulks, the President of the United States may learn by unnecessary capital expenditm·es; but I do wish to ·tu·ge that October 18, when the subscription lists close, thut the echo of the new war fund given by the German people will have drowned out com­ you, the bankers of America, make a deep study of thls ques­ pletely. the clamor· of unending protests to which his reply to the Pope tion, so that if the time comes when it is desirable to take ac­ have given stimulus. tion you wlll be prepared to cooperate quickly with the Govern­ " Let us meet that challenge by a subscription to our second ment. liberty loan on the 27th day of Octcber; nine days after the close "It should be remembered that the National Government has of the. German loan, which will make clear to the German mili­ no power, through legislation, to regulate or control capital ex­ tary depotism that America marshals not alone her brave sol­ penditures of States, muni(!ipalities, or political subdivisions of dier·s upon the field, her invincible Navy upon the high seas, States, rior has it the power to legislate with regard to such her industries throughout the length and breadth of this lapd, investments by private corporations, except those engaged in but as well her financial re om·ces, and that she is determined interstate commerce. Through_ the cooperation of the States to use them all without stint and regarcUess of sacrifice to vin­ effective measures could in time be concerted, no doubt, to meet dicate American rights, outraged too frequently by German in­ thls question if the necessity arises. But that would take famies. Let us answer this challenge by making clear to the time. In the absence. of State action it is possible, however, world that the American p'eople, with transcendent love of jus­ for the bankers of the country to discom·age, to a very great tice and of country, stand solidly behind their great President extent, unnecessary or unwise investment of capital in private and support unequivocally the purposes of this war. and public enterprises during the period of this war. I hope "Fellow. countrymen, we are at one of those great points in that this association will appoint a committee to study this the progress of civilization where pregnant issues for the whole problem and to be prepared to act as the public interest may human race are to be Q.etermined. It is an inspiring thought require. that noble, free, peaceful, and liberty-loving America has been "It is also a matter of great importance that the bankers of called by God to powerfully influence, if not to determine, the America shall conserve their own .resources, having always in com· e of.future events. We have a grave responsibility, and I mind the supreme neces ities of the State, so that they may be know that we shall di charge it worthily of American patriotism able, as the first bulwark of the Government's credit, to respond and American idealism. These problems are of unparalleled quickly and effecti-vely to any calls the Government may make novelty and magnitude. The means of determining action must upon them. In this connection it is most important, gentlemen, frequently be more instinctive than logical. We are traversing that interest rates should be kept at a reasonable level through­ unknown and uncharted seas. Our compass must be the stead­ out the country, that sufficient expansion of credit should be fast cooperation of the best wisdom and intelligence of the coun­ llad to carry on the great commercial and indu trial operations try, inspired by a lofty patriotism which neither obstacles can of the Nation and to a i tin the flotation of successive issues of discourage nor death defeat. America's sacred rights must be Government bonds. vindicated; a just and lasting peace must be established; democ­ " I should like to impres~ upon you the importance of a racy must be triumphant; despotism must be destroyed; and, prompt and widespread response on the part of the bankers of when these great things have been accomplished, everywhere the United States to the offerings of short-time Treasury certifi­ throughout the length and breadth ·of the civilized world men cates which will be made from time to time. These certificates, shall proclaim noble America as the valiant knight who came as you know, have maturities of from 30 days to 4 months, upon the scene in the blackness of the night and re cued civili­ and are sold in anticipation of bond offerings and the payment zation!" of taxe . Through their use, the necessities of the Govertiment FARM-LOA.N BOARD. during the interval between recm·ring bond issues are met, and the proce s of financing thes8 bond issues is. not only eased but Mr. POMERENE, from the Committee on Banking and Cur­ simplified. Undue strain upon the credit resources of the coun­ rency, to which was referred the bill (S. 2921) to amend the try is avoided because payments are spread o'\"er a period and act approved' July 17, 1916, entitled "An act to provide capital adjusted in such n way as to pre-vent disturbance and incon­ for agricultural tlevelopment, to create standard forms of in­ _venience. The banks can render highly valuable and patriotic vestment based upon. farm mortgages, to equalize rates of inter­ er\ice to the Government by purchasing promptly, and to the est upon farm loans, to furnish a market for United States extent required. these Treasury certificates as offered. bonds, to create Government depositories and financial agents for the United Stntes and for other P\lrposes," reported it "We are fortunate in havi.ng the Federal Reserve System, 1 Jvhose u efulness is now becoming increasingly manifest. This without amendment_. ..system is demonstrating every day its tremendous importance PROTECTION OF l\IILITA.BY A.ND NAVAL FORCES • ~nd val-qe to the banks and to the American people. It not only Mr. WEEKS. From the Committee on 1\:Iilitary Affai.rs. I re­ gives strength and security ~ to om· financial structure, but it port a bill and ask for its immediate consideration. · o;ffers_ tl!e. essential means of legitimate .credit expansion and The bill (S. 2932) to guard the military and naval forces from flexible note issues, for which the country has so long stood in physical an

read the first time by its title -::ma the second time at length, as The_VICE PRESIDE~T. Is !=b~re . obje~tio~ to .the_pre~~nt follows: . considera~lon .of the _bill '2 , . . _ . Be it enacted, etc., That it shall be unlawful to keep or assist in There being no obje~tion, the Senate, .as in Committee of the· _ keeping a place of prostitution to which any person known to be a Whole, proceeded to the consideration of the bill, which was member of the military or na>al forces of the United States is admitted read as follo1ls: · -- · · or to admit any such member to such place. or to knowingly rent or in any manner allow the use of any place for acts of prostltu_tion w~th Be it e11acted, etc., "That the act of June 3, 1864, Revised Statutes, any member of such military or naval forces. No person shall solicit section 5175, which prohlbtts national banks ft'Om being furnished with or seek to induce any person known to be a member of ·such military or notes of less denomination than $5, be,· and it is hereby, repealed.- · naval_forces to enter any place ·or prostitution or-to consort or cohabit SEC. 2. That that.part of the act of-March 14, 1900, which-provides with any prostitute. Knowledge that . a person ts a member of the " tbat no . nationaL banking association- shall, after the passage of this milltary or naval fo-rces · of the United States may be prima f_acie estab­ act, be entitled to receive from the-comptroller of the Currenc·y, or to lished by proof showing that the accused had knowledge that at·the time issue or reissue, or place in circulation m·ore than one-third in amount or recently before the commission· of the ofl'ense the person alleged to of·its circulating notes of the denomination of $5," b~ and it is hereby, be a member of such military or naval forces was wearing the uniform repealed. . or a part of the uniform of such milltar~ or naval forces. Whoever SEC. 3. That from and after the passage of this act any national' shall violate any of the provisions of this section shall' be guilty of a ' banking assoclation, upon compliance :with the provisions of law ap· misdemeanor and shall be punished by a- fine of not more· than-$1,000 plicable thereto, shall be entitle(] to receive from the Comptroller of the or imprisonment not more than one year, or· by both su~h . fine and Currency, or to issue or reissue, or place in circulation notes in denomi· imprisonment. . . . . _ · nations of $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100 in such proportion as to SEc. 2. That it shall be unlawful for any person who bas be~n convtcted each of said denominations as the bank may ele'Ct : 1 Pt·ovW.ed, ho1oever, of disorderly conduct, delinquency, · soliciting for prostitutfoli;- or any That no bank shall receive or have in circulation at any one time more other sexual offense, without having first obtained permission from the than $25,000. in notes of the denominations of _$1 and $2. . proper military authorities, to loiter in or around a military camp, SEC. 4. That all acts or parts of acts which are inconsistent with this· fort, navy yard, or place of training or mobilization. Any such person act are hereby repealed. · present in or around such camp, fort, navy :vard, or place of training or mobilization, without authorization or military permission, may be The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to depart by the civil or mllltat·y authorities having jurisdiction ordered to be engrossed for a thil;d reading, I;ead the third time, therein. Any person failing to depart when so requested· shall be guilty of disorderly conduct and shall be punished by a fine of not more than and passed. . · $100 or imprisonment of not more than 60 days, or by both such fine BILLS INTRODUCED. and imprisonment. Bills were introduced, read the first time, an

Mr~ SMOOT. Very well. combination or not-and I certainly did not like the Russi of tht1 The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? The Chair Cza1;s-that the cause of the allies wa s America's cause. . " I believed that this was DO ordinary war between peoples for a hears none, and the resolution is agreed to. I question of national interest or even national honor, but a conflict be·. BY OTTO H. KAH N . tween fundamental principles . and ideas ; and, so believing, I was ADDRESS bound to feel that the natural lines of race., blood, nnd kinship could l\!r. POINDEXTER. 1\Ir. President, I present and ask to' not be the determining lines for one's attituue and alignment, but that each man, whatever his origin, had to decide according to his judgment have printed ln the RECORD a brief address by Mr. Otto H. and conscience on which side was the right and on which was the Kahn, of New York, relative to citizens of the United States of wrong, a nd take his stand accordingly, whatever the wrench and an· German origin or descent. _ , . guish of the decision. And th:as I took my stand three years ago. Mr. Kahn is a German himself, natm·alized in the Unit~d ONLY ONJI COURSJI LEFT. States, and consequently in a position to speak freely on that " But whatever one's views and feelings, whatever the country of one's birth or kin, only one course was left for ail those claim1ng the subject, and hls.addre s is exceedingly useful and sensible. It_ privilege of American citizenship when by action of the President and seems as though it ought not to be necessary to publish propa­ Congress the cause and the fight of the allies was formally made our ganda setting out the duty of citizens of the United States to cause and our fight. "The duty Qf loyal allegiance and faithful service to his country, give their allegiance to the country in which they live and in· even unto death, re ts of course,. upon eYery American. which they are naturalized; but on account of the attitude of a " But if it be possible to speak of a comparative degree concerning few of this class of our citizens wlio seem to imagine that they 1\'hat is the highest, as it is thu most elementary, attribute of citizen· can live in the United States and dl·aw their sustenance froiD it sb1, that duty may· almost be said- to rest with an ev~n more solemn and at the same time give their allegiance to a power with' ~~ti;:~r~~~ligation upon Americans o:r foreign origin than upon which the United States is at war, a great injury has been "For we Americans of foreign ant~cedents are h~re not by the acci­ dental right· ot birth, but by our own free choice, for b~tter or for done to the loyal German-American citizens of the co~ntry. worse. This address by one of their number, which is an intelligent "We are your fellow citizens because you accepted our oath of aile· analysis of the changes which have come over the spirit of Ger­ glance as given in good faith, and because you have opened to us 1n many in recent years, so different from the old Germany with generous trust the portals of American opportunlty and freedom and have admitted us to membership in the family of Americans, giving U!l which we were all familiar, and the opportunities which have equal rights in the great inheritance which has been created by the been given to the subjects of that country in this great land, I blood and the toil of your ancestors, asking nothing from us in r eturn but decent citizenship and adherence to those ideals and principles think ought to be given publicity. which are symbolized by the glorious flag of America. · In that connection I also ask leave to have printed in the WO» TO THil BETRAYER. RECoRD a brief letter from the Pro-AmeriCan Society, a society "Woe to the foreign-born American who betrays the splendid trust composed largely of German-American citizens organized for which you have repo ed in him ! the purpose--which ought not to be necessary, but is-of incul­ " Woe to him who considers hls American citizenship merely a a convenient garment to be worn in fair weather, but to be exchanged cating patriotism among the citizens of the United States of for another one in time of storm and sh·ess ! German blood. " Woe to the German-American, so called, who in this sacred war The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there any objection? for a cause as high as any for which ever people took up arms does There being no objection, the matter referred to ordered not feel a solemn urge, does not show an eager determination to be in wa the very for~front of the struggle, does not rrove a patriotic jealousy, to be printed in the REOORD, as follows: · in thouabt, in action, and in speech, to riva and to outdo his native· [From the Washington Evening Star, Sept. 26, 1917.] born fellow citizen in devotion and in willing sacrifice for the eountr.r of his choice and adoption and sworn all('giance and of their common SAYS THE GERMANS HAVE BEE~ MISLED-OTTO H. KAHN TALKS OF THlD affection and pride. . PROFOUND CU, .NING EMPLOYED BY GoVKRNING CLASS-PLEA TO FOLLOW MAKES FlmVI!INT PLEA, PATRIOTS. HARRIS'BURG, PA., Septelnber 26. "As Washington led Americans of British blood to tight against Great Britain, as Lincoln called upon Americans ot the North to fight Speaking to-day before the Harrisburg Chamber of Commerce, Otto H. their very brothers of -the South, so Americans of German descent are Kahn, o! the banking house of Kuhn, Loeb & Co., said, in part, in dis­ now summoned to join in our country's l'lghteous struggle again t a, cussing_the proper attitude of German-AmerJcans toward their adopted people of their own blood, which, under the evil spell of a dreadful country: obsession, and, Heaven knows, through no fault of ours, has made "I speak as one -who bas seen the spirit of the Prussian governing itsell the enemy of this peace-loving Nation, as it is the enemy of peace class at work from close by, having at its disposal and using to the and right and 'freedom throughout the world. full practically every agency for molding the public mind. "To gain America's independence, to defeat oppression and tyranny~ "I have watc.hed it proceed with relentless persistency and profound was indeed to gain a great cause. cunning to instlll into the Nation the demonlacal obsession of power "To preserve the Union, to eradicate slavery was perhaps a greater worship and world dominion, to modify and pervert the mentality, stlll. indeed, the very tiber and moral substance, of the German people-a.. " To defend the very foundations of liberty and humanity the very people which, until mi led. corrupted, and systematically poisoned by ground work of fair dealing· between nations, the very basis of peaceable the Prussian rnllng caste, was, and deserved to be, an honored, valued, living together among the peoples of the earth against tlre- trerce and and welcome member of the family of nations. . • brutal onslaught of ruthless, lawless, faithles might; to spend the lives "I have hated and loathed that spirit ever since it came within my and the fortunes of this ~eneratlon so that our descendants may be ken many years ago ; bated it all the more as I saw it ruthlessly pulling freed from the dreadful ca.tamity of ·war and the fear of war, so tbat down a thing which was dear to me, the old Germany to which I was the energies and milliong and billions of treasure now devoted to plans linked by ties of blood, by fond memories and cherished sentiments. and instruments of destruction may be given henceforth to fruitful " The difference in the degree of guilt as between the German people works of peace and progres ann the man who, acting under the influence of a poison­ ous drug, runs amuck in mad frenzy and the unspeakable malefactor CONDliaiNS MAN WHO SHIRKS. who administered that drug, well knowing and fully intending the " Ile who shirks the full measure of his duty and allegiance in that ghastly conseguences which were bound to follow. noblest of causes, be be German-American, Irish-American, or any other hyphenated .American, be be I. W. W. or socialist or whatever the WORLD LO~GS FOR PEACE. appellation, does not deserve to stand among Americans, or, indeed, " The world fervently longs for peace. But there can be no peace among free men anywhere. answering to the true meaning of the word, no peace permitting the " He who, secretly or overtly, tries to thwart the declared will and nations of the earth, great and small, to walk unarmed and unafraid, aim of the Nation in this holy war is a traitor, and a traitor's fate until the teaching and the leadership of the apostles of an outlaw should be Ws." cre€d shall have become discredited and hateful in the sight of the Ger­ man people; until that people shall have awakened to a consciousness ot the unfathomable guilt of those whom they have followed into calap1ity PRO- AMERICA~ SOCIETY, and shame; until a mood of penitence and of a decent respect for the NeuJ York Oity, N. Y._, September .. o, 101'1. opinions of mankind shall have supplanted the sway of what President lion. MILES POINDEXTER Wilson bas so trenchantly termed 'truculence and treachery.' · Tlte Capitol, Washington, D. 0. " God grant that the Ge-rman people may before long work out their MY DEAR SIR: Mr. Geot·ge Henry Payne has poken so often to mem· own salvation and find the only road which will give to the world an bers of this society about you that I am taking the liberty of writing early peace and lead Germany back into the family of nations, from to tell you that this ociety has been formed for the purpose of working whir.h .-it .is now an outcast. . . . . against the Ge1·man-printed papers ns long as they do not print in. " From each of my visits to Germany for 25 years I came away more. English during the war. We are all of German descent, and we believe appalled by the sinister transmutation Prussianism bad wrought among that a burden is especially placed on us by saying, though we have. the people and by the portentous menace I recognized in it "for the Teutonic blood we are " first and always Americans." entire world. , I will be very grateful to you for an expression of opinion as to ~s "It bacl given to Germany unparalleled prosperity, beneficent and. society and the work it "is trying to do. advanced social legislation, and not a few other things of value, but I write this letter with Mr. Payne's consent. it had taken in payment the soul of the race. It had made a ' devil'lf Respectfully, yours, bargain.' HARRY A. SCHElND11lL_, Secretary, BRUTAL MIGHT VERSUS Ht;MANITY, "And when this war broke out In Europe I knew that the issue bad THE :FLAG OF THE UNITED STATES. been joined between the powers of brutal mJght and insensate ambition Mr. SMITH of Arizona. I ask unanimous consent for the on the one side ami · the forces of humanity and liberty on the other­ ' betw-een darkness and light. present consideration of House of Representatives concurrent "Many there were at that time-and among them men for whose­ resolution No. 13. I wish before submitting the request to state character I had high respect and whose motives were beyond any po~ to the Senate that for two or three months, on account of the siWe suspicion-who saw their own and America's duty in strict neu~ tralitY, mentally and actually, but personally I believed from the be· extreme press of business upon members of the Committee ' en ginning of the war, whether we liked all the element of the allies Printing, I ·have been unable -to obtain a quorum ~ the com- 1917. CONGRESSIONAL R.EOOR.D--. SENArrE. 7499 .

·mittee at any time, although the meetings have been called The VICE PRESIDENT. What is the motion of the Senator weekly "for several months. I have bad letters and private state­ from Arizona? ments from Members of the House of Representatives in which l\fr. SMITH of Arizona. The Senator from Arizona asks th:1 t they expre s them ·el ves as being exceedingly anxious to have the Committee on Printing .be discharged from the further co· 1 • this speech printed as a public document. I ask unanimous con­ sideration of the resolution, and he asks unanimous con~ent fv~ sent, in view of its being a House resolution and Members of the its pre ent consideration at this time. Hou e being deeply intere ted, that the Committee on Printing· l\fr. FLETCHER.. Mr. President-- be discharged from . the consideration of the resolution, as I l\fr. PAGE. I believe I have the floor, but I am perfectly judge I should do from the large correspondence I have about it, willing to yield to the Senator from Florida. and I shall make a request for its immediate consideration at Mr. FLETCHER. I will state, in connection with what the this time. Senator from Arizona has said that the matter was laid before ' l\lr. FLETCHER. Will the Senator state what the· resolution the committee, and the committee postponed action until the i about? chairman could investigate as to the necessity and also as to the l\fr. SMITH of Arizona. It is about printing a speech on the cost of printing the document. After that the matter went along flag. The resolution passed the House unanimously. from time to time and the committee had difficulty in getting a l\lr. FLETCHER. The speech of 1\Ir. HicKs? quorum. The only motion which I think is in order will be to Mr. SMITH of Arizona. The speech of Mr. HICKS. discharge the committee from the further consideration of the l\Jr. FLETCHER. Does the Senator know \Vbat the co 't will resolution. The resolution is before the committee. I have no be? objection to discharging the committee from its further con­ Mr. SMITH of Arizona. The cost was the reason of the sideration. objection. We had a quorum at one time and passed it over. 1\lr. PAGE. 1\lr. President, I certainly shall not object to the 1\Iy understanding was that I was to · see whether or not there motion of the Senator from Arizona but I feel that the Senate wa any great demand for it on the part of the House of Repre­ should know that this matter has been before the committee sentatives. I have·been in the last week spoken to more than a \jme after time, and in every case, whether we had a quorum or dozen times on the subject. It will cost something over $5,000 not, we have passed it over, not because it might not be a worthy to print it. I will state in this connection that the Committee on resolution but because, in these times, the Committee on Printing Printing have ref-used to report favorably for the printing of do not feel that we ought to appropriate $5,000 unless there is over a million dollars' worth in response· to requests that have necessity for it, and the committee have on each occasion thought been made for printing at this session, and we have peld our­ it unwise to report favorably the resolution. With that state­ selves as closely to the line as the economies of the present ment, I simply have advised the Senate as to the condition of occa ion would suggest. . . affairs, as I understand them; and there I am willing to leave The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request of the matter. the Senator from Arizona? · 1\Ir. CALDER. 1\Ir. President, I hope the motion of the Sena­ 1\Ir. PAGE. Mr. President, I do not care to object to the con­ tor from Arizona will prevail. ~'he document which the Senator sideration of the resolution at this time, but I do deem it my is seeking to have printed contains a history of the American duty to say to the Senate that it calls for more than $5,000, as flag and is very educational; it was read in the House. of Repre­ the Senator from Arizona· bas said, and tbe committee, when we sentatives by Representative HrcKs, of New York. I am receiv­ had a quorum together, thought that we ought not to favorably ing letters from all over ·the country asking for a copy of the report the measure. As has beei;t well said by the chairman; document, and I believe at this time its printing would serve n the Committee on Printing has been almost overwhelmed with very good purpose. requests for the printing of public documents, and we have felt, The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on the motion to in view of the immense appropriations we were making, that we discharge the Oommittee on Printing from the further considera­ ought to stop and con

Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I have been in attendance on House had decided that after the pas age of the regular military the meetings of a committee where we have been compelled to and .naval appropriation bills, which were enaeted before the be present fi·om early morning till late at night; but tho e meet­ declaration of war came, deficiency items for the military and ings will be over in a day ·or two, and, so fur us I am concerned, naval service should be referred to the Committee on Appropria­ I shall then be delighted to attend the meetings of the Committee tions as deficiencies under t11e rules of the Hou e. Pos ibly on Printing. , one-fonrth or one-fifth of the items in the bill were new matters, Mr. SMITH of Arizona. In view of the suggestion of the which, strictly speaking, perhaps were not deficiencies, but on Senator from Utah, I will withdraw my motion, with the notice the w,hole it wa determined better for one committee to handle that I shall call a meEting of the Committee on Printing for the entire measure than to have four or five committees do next" Wedne day morning, if that will be satisfactory; .and I that work and to have it divided up so that it -would be impos­ a k that the members of the committee be pre ent, so that we sible to coordinate the appropriations. may di pose not only of this matter but of another matter of As I have said, all -such bills in the other Hou e are con id­ much more importance. ered by the Committee on Appropriations as deficiencie . I listened to the hearings and read the testilnony before the THE NAVAL ESTABLISHMENT. committee, .and it seems to me that both the Committee on Mr. POINDEXTER. Mr. President, in regard t-o the message Appropriations of the Hou e and the committee of the Senate from the President which was laid before the Senate a moment investigated these matter . They had before them the chiefs ago, consisting of e8timate for appropriations for the Navy, I of various bureaus and naval authorities to explain the reason observed that the Chair referred the message to the Committee for the proposed legislation. on Appropriations. I do not see the chairman of the Committee · J repeat. it· would have been utterly impossible to have taken on Naval .Affairs -pi·esent, but I want to take this opportunity to the portions of the bill ·that were _new-and nine-tenths of the call attention to the situution in regard ·to military and naval items were deficiencies under items contained in our regular appropriations. appropriation bills which were pa · ed before the declaratiou of l\fy opinion i that matter~ involving original undertakings by war-and have had them considered by various committees. the Navy Department ought to have the inve tigation of the spe­ When we meet here at the regular se sion of Congre s and these cial committee of the Senate which has been constituted for that matters come up, I am satisfied appropriations for the Army and purpose. I was pre ent the other day when some 600,000,000 Navy will be handled by the Military and Naval Committees of or thereabout was appropriated for naval purposes, and I lts­ the House and Senate, respectively. · tened to the debate. Items of thirty, forty, seventy-five or two Mr. POINDEXTER. -1\lr. President, the argument of the hundred and twenty-five million dollars were contained in the Senator from justifying the surrenderin~ by the Com­ bill. Que tions were asked of the chairman of the Committee mittee on Military .Affairs and the Committee on Naval Affairs on Appropriations as to the need for such vast amounts, and of their -duties in regard to these appropriatior.s is just as ap­ the only information which the Senate received from the distin­ plicable to the ordinary regular general military and naval ap­ guished Senator in charge of the blll in regard to any of those propriation bills as it is to the deficiency bill which has been appropriations, to the best of my knowledge, was that they had passed. There is not any difference whatever in the nature of been asked for by the department. the investigations to be made. The bills which the Senator calls urgent deficiency appropriation bills carry much larger There is nobody more desirous of affording to the Navy amounts. several times over, than the ordinary general appro­ Department all of the money· that is 'necessary for the very full­ priation bills. The attitude which the Sen11tor apparently takes e t development of that arm of the national defense than am I; in regard to the matter is the same attitude that I attempted but I am not in favor of abdicating the legislative functions of to describe of his colleague from Virginia, the distinguished this branch of the Government, and considering as the ultimate chairman of the Appropriations Committee-a or-t of a pa ive analysis of these problems a report or a request :\J·om the depai·t-. frame of mind, to take things as they are presented. Because ment that they want these vast sums. There ought to be some the HousE> of Representatives decided to incorporate all of these investigation by Congre s· as to what these appropriations are appropriations in .one bill, he says the Senate ought to do it. for, whether they are needed, and whetller or not. in a legisla­ Of course the Senate can do it, but there is no substantial reason tive sense, such appropriations are wise and justified. The any more than there is as to every other uppropnation blll that p1·oper committee to investigate such .matter , to obtain informa­ is considered here ·why the deficiencies in these bills relating tion which may be presented concerning them, to report to the to naval matters and the deficiencies that relate to military mat­ Senate, and to advise the Senate in regard to them is the Naval ters could not be referred, respectively, to the committees con­ Committee. I say .that especially because of the attitude dis­ stituted for the disposition of those particular ubjects. clo ed the other day in the consideration of the vast aJ>propria­ Mr. SW.ANSON. Mr. President, if the Senator will permit me, tious referred to, no information was furnished nor even any under the rules of tl1e House, and possibly of the Senate, after opinion expressed as to the need or propriety of them. I re­ a genet:al appropriation bill has passed, deficiencie~ occurring are member in connection with one item the chah·man of the generally included in what is known as a general deficiency bill. committee, in an wer to an inquiry as to what the appropriation Under the rules of the Hou e all items included in a general was for, seemed to think that he absolutely foreclosed any fur­ deficiency bill go to the Appropriations Committee. When such ther inquiry in regard to tbe matter by saying with a great a bill is passed by the Hou e it comes to the Senate, and the deal of empha is that not only had the Secretary asked for question is, WhetJ:Ier that bill shall be referred to the Naval Com­ these appropriations, but he held up a letter and stated that mittee, the Military Committee, or the Appropriations Commit­ the Secretary had asked for the legislation to be in the identi­ tee? If the naval items and the military items tad been sepa­ cal words carried by the bill. I want Congress to go a little l·ated from the other matters in the bill, then the naval items further than that and to know a little more about the e matters. could have been referred to the Naval Committee; but, as I have I wish to prote t against this .system of dealing with naval mat· said, under the rules of the House, and as decided, as I under­ ters and insist upon investigation by the Committee on Naval stand, after the declaration Qf war, deficiencies that supplement .Affairs. the general appropriation bill must be included in a general Mr. SWANSON. Mr. President, in response to the suggestion deficiency bill. Consequently, the Naval Committee of the House made by the Senator from Wa hington, I will say that defi­ let them go to the Appropriations Committee of that body, and ciency bills originate in the Hou e of Representatives. The thel'e was no other. way to handle them in the Senate. que ·tion came up recently as to whether there should be four I will say for the senior Senator from Virginia, the chairman or five different bills to supply deficiencies, or whether there of the Appropriations Committee, that he bas shown no disposi­ should be one bill handled by the Appropriations Committee. tion to encroach on the prerogatives of the Naval Committee, Under the rules of the Hou e, as I understand, after the regular and has evinced- no desire to do so. I discus ed the matter with appropriations have been made, all deficiency appropriations him early. I think he would have been very glad to have been are referred to the Appropriations Committee. It would have relieved from some of the onerous work which he has been been utterly impos ible to have one portion of the ·great defi­ called upon to perform in connection with the bill in question. ciency bill recently passed referred to ·the Naval Committee, Mr. POINDEXTER. l have no doubt of that; I am not charg­ another portion of the arne bill to the Committee on Appro­ ing the senior Senator from Virginia with attempting to extend priations, and other portions to other committees. unduly the prerogatives of the Appropriations Committee; I am I am fi·ank to say that the senior Senator from Virginia talking about a condition, and I am not commenting upon what was [Mr. 1.\.IARTIN], the chairman of the Appropriations Committee, done in the House of Repre entatives. I do not know anything had no desire-and I talked the matter over with him-to in­ about that and have nothing to do with that; but as a member of fringe in any way on the prerogatives of the Committee -on the Committee on Naval .Affairs and of the Senate, I have some­ Naval Affairs in respect to naval appropriations. However, the thing to do with the performance of my duties her.e. The Senate

/ 1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7501

does not have to be centrolled by· what was done in the other consider in the Naval Affairs Committee unless we took the House, and there is no parliamentary or practical difficulty in entire measure. having these matters considered by the proper committees which Mr. POINDEXTER. Mr. President, the Senator asks how are supposem Virginia says we conditions. Take the supplies. We did not appropriate to appropriated for 87,000 men in the Navy. Well, that is all the meet the present extraordinary conditions, so the appropriations men there were in the Navy at the time that-appropriation was bad to be increased. Take the various items -contained in the made. Now there are 100,000 men in the Navy, and it is neces­ naval bill With the exception of five or six items, which were sary to make approp."I"iations for those additional men. The bill new matters, nine-tenths of them, or more, were simply supple­ contained one item of $225,000,000 ior additional torpedo-boat menting what we had theretofm·e ·apJ1ropriated, the- amount~ not destroyers-not a deft~iency on previous- authorizations but an having been sufficient for the purposes. entirely new increase of the Nav;r. So as to $45,000,000 for new Mr. POINDEXTER. Why, l\lr. President~- Aviation Services and most of the other items for the Naval Mr. SWANSON. If the Senator will permit me fn:rther-­ EstabUsliment. TheY. are not deficiency appro{>"riations, but for L Mr. POINDEXTER. In a moment I will yield further to the new and additional developments. It is just as much .an original Senator. Does the Senator know how much was appropriated matter as the appropriations contained in the general bills that for naval purposes in the so-called deficiency bill that passed were disposed of at the last session of ()(}ngress. hel'e the other day? FOOD CONTROL A:r.."D DEMOCRACY. Mr. S\VANSON. I do. Mr. POINDEXTER. How mneh? Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. President, I present an article appear­ Mr. SWANSON. I can not tell the exact items. I went over ing in the Atlantic Monthly of August, 1917, entitled "Food the items. I can not aggregate them. I know the sum was a control and democracy," by Mr. David Lubin, the American very large one. It was more than the regular bill has been delegate to the International Institute of Agriculture at Rome. appropriating. which I should like to have printed as a Senate Document. I Mr. POINDEXTER. More than the regular bill. Now, does ask that it be refeiTed to tne Committee on Printing fm· report. the Senator mean to say that the Naval Afrairs Committee were The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. JoNES of Washington in so mistaken abo11t the amount of money that would be required the chair). The matter will.be referred to the Committee. on for the matters for which they were appropriating money that Printing. they missed it by more than 100 per cent? Why, of course not. PRESIDENTIAL APPROVALS. 1\Ir. SWANSON. If the Senator will permit me, I will answer A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. him. \Ve appropriated for a personnel of 87,000 men in the Sharkey, one of his secretaries, .announced that the President Navy. Now the personnel is up to 200,000, on account of the had approved and signed the following acts :

war that ha~ been declared since the general appropriation bill On September ·25, 1917 : c was passed. That increased it more than 100 per cent. · S. 2830. An act extending the time for the construction of a. 1\Ir. POINDEXTER. Yes; that increased it more than 100 bridge across the Arkansas River between the cities of Little per cent. Rock and Argenta. Ark. Mr. SWANSON. As a result the supplies required to fee.d On September 27, 1917: those men had to be doubled, the pay had to be doubled, and S. 2477. An act to authorize the construction of a building everything that appertained to the subject. The ammunition for the use of the Treasury Department. had to be doubled and trebled and quadrupled. Consequently, if you go through the entire bill you will find that nine-tenths of it 'URG~NT DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATIONS. was to supply deficiencies occasioned on account of the declara­ The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the action of tion of war, which increa ed the amounts required. the Rouse· of Representatives disagreeing to the amendments of Now, if the Senator will permit me, I should like to ask him the Senate to the bill (H. R. 5949) making appropriations to n question. Yon can not divide up a · bill and refer it to three supply urgent deficiencies in appropriations for the -fiscal year committees. A bill, Number so-and-so, from the House must go ending June 30, 1918, and prior fiscal years, on aecount of war to one committee or another. ~ We would not have any bill to .expenses, and fm· .other purposest and r-equesting a conference • 7562. CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE.- SEPTEMBER - 29, with the Senate_on ' the disagreeing votes of the, two HO}ISe~ In one place he.says,_"_The first appropriation for improving thi~ thereon. . . -. system. of rivers dat~s back, it will be noted, to 1881. Since that Mr. MARTIN. I move that the Senate.insist upon its amend­ time over $1,000,009 bas been expended on these streams, and "' ments and agree to the conference asked for by the House, the this_year o~ the war $670,044 was asked and obtained." Turning conferees ou the part of the Senate to be appointed by the Chair. to paragraph 6 on page 5 of the official print of the fiver The motion was agreed to; and the Vice President appointed and harbor act approved .August 8, 1917, we find 1t reads as • 1\Ir. MARTIN, Mr. SHA.FBOTH, Mr. UNDERWOOD, 1\fr. W .A.RRE:-1', and follows : · · - · Mr. SMOO'J.' conferees on the part of the Senate. Santee, Wateree, and Congaree Rivers, S. C. : For maintenance, in· eluding the Estherville-Minim Creek Canal and the Congaree River as HOUSE BILLS ltEFERBED. far up as the Gervais Street Bridge, Columbia, and for Improvement of The following bills were severally. read twice by their· titles the Congaree River In accordance with the report submitted In House and referred to the Committee on Commerce : Document No. 702, Sixty-third Congress, second session, $80,000. H. R. 5839. An act extending the time fo~· the construction of A big difference between $80,000 and $670,000. a bridge across the Mississippi River, in Aitkin <;ounty, Logan Of coqrse, Mr. President, no one would ever believe for an in· Township, State of Minnesota; and . stant that the Senator from Iowa. would knowingly and inten­ - H. R. 6175. An act givlng the United States Shipping _ B~ard tionally make a -statement that is untrue. But the Senator power to suspend present provisions of law and permit vessels s~o11ld _ remember that statements which are mistakenly untrue of foreign registry and for.eign-built Yessels admitted .to Ameri­ are just _as misleading and do just as much damage as those can registry_ under the _act August 18, 1914, to engage in the that are intentionally untrue, and should take the time needed coastwise trade during the present war and for a period of 120 to make sur:e of the facts before he reaches and announces his days thereafter, except the coastwise trade \Vith Alaska. conclusions. Unfortunately, the distinguished Senator from EXECUTIVE SESSION. Iowa, with all his ability and industry, sometimes fails to follow . this course. - l\lr. FLETCHER. Mr. President, I am a little apprehensive - However, the mistake in stating the amount of the appropria· that later on in the day there may be ' difficulty in keeping a tion is of less importance than the fact that, at a time when the quorum and we may be forced to adjourn before important railroads are severely taxed to handle existing traffic and when action is taken on executive matters. 'Vith the idea of re­ it is entirely probable that increased demands will arise for suming legislative business as soon as a brief executive ses­ freight-carrying facilities, due to the necessity of moving greater sion is had, I move that the Senate proceed to the consideration crops and of supplying the numerous cantonments, it is proposed of executive business. . . deliberately to reduce -appropriations fo1; our waterways and The motion· was agreed to, and the Senate proceedeu ·to -the that the appropriation for the Santee and Congaree happens to consideration of executive business. After 10 minutes spent in be one -of those specifically criticized. - The Santee and the executive session the doo!s were reopened. - Congaree are essentially a. single stream about 200 miles in ORDER OF BUSINESS. length. Columbia, S. C., the capital and second city of the The VICE PRESIDENT. ·Is there further morning business? State and a manufacturing center of some consequence; is at - Mr. RANSDELL. If ther.e is no further morning business, I the upper end, and the ocean port of Georgetown, S. C., is at should li..k:e to address the Senate brietly on the use of watei·ways, the mouth, with intracoastal connection with Charleston. Co­ a war necessity. . lumbia is the site of Camp Jackson, an Army cantonment where Mr.- JONES of New Mexico. Mr. President-- approximately 40,000 men will be concentrated. , The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Louisiana At present the use of the water route, ocean and river com­ yield to the Senator from New Mexico? bined, results in rates 15 to 30 per cent, lower than the rail . Mr. RANSDELL. With pleasure. rates, evidently a considerable advantage for Columbia and its Mr. JONES of New Mexico. - I should like to inquire of the tributary country, but due to the existence of some obstructive Senator about bow ·much time he expects to occupy? On the sand bars, navigation is interfered with at' low stages of the adjournment the other day we had under consideration a meas­ river and as a consequence the dependability of the boat service ure. which it ought not to take a great while to dispose of, and is impaired for a short period of time each year. This is a I am extremely anxious to get it up for consideration to-day. · serious detriment to the community concerned, as it naturally Mr. RANSDELL. I will say to the Senator that if I am not diminishes the use of the river. With part of the recent appro­ interrupted I can present what I have to say in about 40 minutes, priation of $80,000 it is proposed to alleviate these conditions not more. I shall ask to have several tables inserted in the and this will lend encouqtgement to the people of Columbia who RECORD. The tables I have here are not to be read and there are planning to improve the river service by the construction of will be no objection to-putting them in the REconD. new barges and towboats, leading in turn to a larger use of the Mr. JO:~TES of New Mexico. · I wish, if it is possible-- river for the ordinary commercial purposes. Mr. RANSDELL.' I can-not yield, I will say to the Senator. Iri addition there will for some time to come be a large in· I am perfectly willing to yi~ld when I finish the speech, but I :Crease in the quantity of freight coming to Columbia, due to the have the tloor now' and I should like to go on. - requirements of Camp Jackson, and to supply this camp the The VICE PRESIDENT. . The Senator from Louisiana will ·river route should prove of great value. Inpependent testimony proceed. as to its value is given by Gen. , who, as long ago THE 'C'SE OF WATERWAYS A WAn NECESSITY. as the beginning of August, reported to the War Department that the service given by the railroads in the Southeastern (Mili­ Mr. RANSDELL. Mr. President, when the rivers and harbors tary) Department was very slow, and recommended the use ot bill was under consideration the Senator from Iowa [l\fr. KEN­ water routes for supplying the camps and cantonments then YON] occupied the time of the Senate for some days in opposi­ about to be ·established. He noticed particularly the Santee­ tion thereto. His .views did not prevail, as the bill was passed Congaree route to Columbia and advocated its use. . by a large majority. - How much traffic the establishment of Camp Jackson will add It is interesting to note, in passing, the steadily uecreasing to the water route is, of course, uncertain; but on every ton . effect of his opposition. In 1914 the bill was defeated, a lump­ carried by water the United States will save in freight between sum appropriation of $20,000,000 being substituted therefor. _$1 and $2, and it is safe to assert that no very great length o:t The same thing happened in 1915, but the lump sum was .in­ time will be required to show a considerable profit . on the creased to $25,000,000. In 1916 a bill was passed in regular amount this year invested in the waterway. . : form, but by . the dose vote of 35 to 32, while the bill of 1917 In further illustration of the economic value of waterways I passed the Senate by the decisive vote of 50 to 11. desire, Mr. President, to include in my remarks a brief table In spite of this overwhelming defeat at the hands of his col­ prepared by Capt. A. A. Poland, who is now in the Quartermas­ leagues the Senator from Iowa is continuing his fight against ter's Department, United States Army, and who was for some the improvement of the waterways of the United States through years traffic manager of the Kansas City Missouri River Navi­ the columns of the newspapers. I hold in my hand a copy of the gation Co. This table shows, in a most striking m~,tnner, the magazine section of the New York Times of Sunday, September effect of water competition on railway rates. It is worthy o! 2, 1917, in which there appears an article u.nder the heading careful study, but I will only call attention-to the comparison "Lean days for the 'pork barrel.'" Tllis article, which is of fourth-class rates between Cincinnati and Ev-ansville, which published in the form of an interview with the Senator from ts on the Ohio River, and Gallatin, Tenn., a point in the interior. Iowa, contains a number of statements wllich are so totally Where there is water competition the rate is 17.9 cents and at variance with the facts that it can not be allowed to pass \vhere there is none the rate is 52 cents. without reply. · I ask permission to insert as a part of my remarks the table One of the most extraordinary and inexcusab_le misstatements which I have prepared. in the article refers to the Santee, Wateree, and Congaree Rivers The PRESIDING OFFICER (1\lr. POINDEXTER in the chair). in South CaroJina, and this is made not o_nly once but twice over. Without objection, it is so ord~ed. 1.9-17..- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.

The table referred' to-is a-s fellbws : EFFE~ 011 WATER' COMPE'l'lTION ON RAfLW'AY IU:TES~continUed-. EFI!'EeT OF' WA'rER CO:MPE-TITION' 0~ RAILWA:Y RAT'Fl!r. A.ll-1-Wfl cra-s-s rate8 lietwllen. river points.'compat•eflo wit7t: all-rail crass ra.tes' . \ _ t1·om' r£vel' pot-wts to i1t.t6rwr poi?~t~t-ConUnued. All-rail claas rates between r-iver points com-pared wiffl; ali-rail clasJrro:fe~ · (ron' t'fve1• points t·a tntarior. points. · (Compiled by Capt. A. A. Poland. Quartermaster's Department, tl'nfted' Rate: per 100 ponndlt, in cents'. · • States Army, formerly traffic managec Ka'llsas Cit]<· Miss-ouri River DIS- 1---:-----:------.,..---..,.---­ Navigation Co.) ~ce: Class Class. Ciass Class! Class ciass. Rate per 100 pounds, in cents. ' 1, 2. 3. (. 5. 6·. 11 Dis- . . ------1---1---1---1--- - '- --:;__ tance. Class Class Class ICla.sS Class Class From Sti.. Louis, Mo1rtcJ:-Continneer)'...... · 278 66· 45 a:;- 27 22 : 2!:5 ~..... Dalton, Ga...... 37& 103 89 79 6T 56 45: Dradfor-d, . .Ark... --~, ... _... --- ____ 282.. 9f' 78 62 48 . 37. 39

Difference...... : ...... • • .. .. r• 56. 49.-6 49l 1 46. 5 1 30. 3 -~ ~ -~~ s I as. ~nrerence ...... •...... : ..... :f-t. 33· .zt: fi.lf FI'~m Louisville; Ky., to- !=! ~ Sioux- City, Io.wa (orr :M:isOOuri Ia Portsmouth, Ohio (on·Oliio River). 240- 44 1 37- 8- , 28.4- 20 16. g; 13.7 Paris, Tenn ...... - 247 70 . 62 56 45 37 31 River) ...· ...• ~-- .. ___ ..... ---···· 508 · so- 65 45· I 32. 27: Wellston, Olda.-...... -...... 5GT !30· ~09 · 9T , 82 63. ----~----'l----1----~-- Diflerence ...... 25.9 24.2 27.6 25 20.2 I7.3 Difference~ ~~ .•....- ..•. .'•.••. ·-. ~ ro 41' 521 :· 50. l:M' Brt5okport, lll. (on Ohio River)... 230 39. 4- 29'. 9· 20.5 9 :u n 71:.7 Omaha Nebr. (onlllssouri.Rlvet). 41'4' 6(}: ~ 35 27' 22 24.5 Columbl!I; Tenn.. •. - ...- •. - ...... _ . 232 · n 5~ 49 45 38 3S Daloville, Ark.... - ...... •...... 413 116 100. 7-9 64 1 47 50 . ~1-..--1-~------· Di1terence ...... '...... 26.8 18.6 19: 1 ' 24.5' 20.1 =~ ~~--~ · · Ditierence...... ---...... 56 - 55· ----44 37 · ----25 25.5· M'~phis, Tenn. (on Mississippi. . • Fr.om Pittsburgh· Pa. to- === = = R1ver) . •••.. - ...... _,...... 380 65- 50 45 35 30 E an ;Ill • d (J hi n· ) ,. · · - Brookland', Ark~...... _ .• _._. 384" 92' 77 60. 48 35 ...... • .,_v-. ds-,:l ei.:1 n · on. 0 _ o tver.- , 581• [53. 6 46. '1 35. 7· 25."' 2f. 5= : 11. ') l---1---l....__ --~---I~ __ ""'an yn, Tenn...... · .. -·...... 582· 28- 110 8'T 74 69- 50' Ditrerence ...... ?:1 ZT 15 13 5. __ .. __ Dillerence.: ...... ~ ..... 74.4 63.3- 511.3 4". - ~ :--:-- =i== = ==...;____: _ 0 0 40. D I 32:'1.. 1 St. LouiS, Mo. (on Mississfppt , • . Rivel' .•- •. - ...... 274 ; 43:1 36.21' 26.8 18 . ., ·10..8 12.61 Cairo,lll.(onObloRiver) ...... 693· · 62:5 155'- L 42 ' 30..5 25,7 · 2I~ - S· KnocxvilleJTenn...... ~ ...... 286· 7.0' 6:;, 57' 4~ ·1 40 · 33: Dalton,Ga ...... 689126 116 95 73 60 5a· .. Di.!I~rence ...... ~- 32.9-1 28.8 30.2 :28.6 ' 24.:! 20.4' · ·' Difference..... ~ ...- .....' ...... ~ ·63,S 60! 9 ~ ~5' ; 3'4.3 3i.5 • • - :±==::= =-- ·. From Memphis; Tenn., to- _ ~ I= StR·. _!A>uis, ~-- (on · Mississippi · Helena, Atk:. (.on Mississippi · Iver) ...... : .. ~ ...... - ...... 6'13 ~-3' 51'.5 :f1.4 27.3' z:I.6 Hf.4 River)...... 1 .. . 00 43 40 32' 25 20 . 17 N"ashville,Tenn .. : ...... 611 183 ' 72 58' - 4-4 · 36 30 Jonosboro,Artc...... 64 52- 44 37' 29. 23 U Difference ...... :...... :.... ~.: ... 23.7 20• .5 . 18.6 16.7 ~ lQ,-6; '· 7 ~-----4 7 ===~== (J:::::.;;:.·~.;;·;.;:.:;;~ ..... ( ~ -5,- ~~ . . ~~):~:..~'.".~-~~~--~~~~~~~ -- I ~49 .62. .3 54 41.4: ,28:8 2.5.>1 20.!}' . River) ...... 151' 65. 50 45 . 35 30 25 Chattanooga;Tenn...... ~ .... 649.111 95 79 62 53 41 1 Maumefu,Ark ...... ~ ... 150 70 60 52 ag 30 32 · ------.. ! ----~-- · Ditrerence ...... ~ ...... 48·.7 41' 37:6· 33~2 27.9 26·.1: Dillerence: ··· .. · •·· .. ·:----····,· ····-~ 5- 10 r 3 0' '(- Men;tphis, 'llenn• . (on. Mississippi I - . Vicksburg, Miss. (on Mississippi River)- ...... ·.... - ··- .. ·-.. ·-.. 805 91 70 1 59.,. 46 39' · 33 9 D~~; ~1C::::::::::::::: . ::::~: ~~ l ~, ~ - ~ [ ft ~~ · Atlanta, ea...... 798 126 115 u 73 6o· 52 Difference ...... ~ ..... J5j"4(} -as-~ n --:ui' 16 11 18 Difference...-· .• -· .... ---.------·---· zg· 29 ; zr Ba~n R_onge; :La. ·con M1~:issippi = j 1= = = Nat~ez, Miss. (on Mississippi ~ 1 Rn~er) ...... ~ ..~ ...... 1,..171 ll6 95 79 6I 49· 43· R1ver) •••. ~...... m · 55• 45 40 . 25 22 Daytona,Ffa .•...- ...- ...... 1,1-77· 1S7 138 125 lll 93 76 Texarkana, Al:k.-Tex..-...... ~- - ~ 290 U't 101 ss· 6!1 62 :Oiffi 1- ~ ~--- er'llnce-.. ~ ...... - ...... ------, 41 1------43 46 511 H 33 Dilference...... - ...... : . ..: ... 62 ', 56 148 35 I 4n Vio~sbw:g, M"IBS. (on Mississippi ~- 1 Batc;m Rouge,.ia. (on Mississippi ~ .. =~ , I Rl'l:er) ..... _.. _ ... -...... ~ .. !,025 116 95 7.9· 61 ' 49 43 RIVe1')...... • .. • ...... 366' . M liil ' 45 ' 35 30' 25' Hattiesburg, MIS:f...... 1-, 030' ~49 128 112' 92 75.5 61 McAlest:er,Okla •• ••...•••- ..••.... 367.' llo ~ ~~~-45. ~!~ -- Dute . 1--- ~ ~--..~..--1--- 1_ I - ' renee .• ~...... ~ .••- ..... 33 33· 33 - 31· 26...'i 1& Dill' 30 23 I ==J==::l==::!· ==,f==="==--i== N~iv;;~:~~:~~;:~~~~~~~: --=~-~ :: j: .. ·j" :.,:: :!t1~::~:C:~t~!: ~Ira . l~ ~ ~~ ;~ ,U :: ~ BigSandy,Te.x ...... ' ...... -... 396 137 115- 96 .. 89 70 72- Diff · 1--, -- ~----· ---. ------.j ~ -- __ . e~e~ce ...... 4:7 47 53 '_ 5'41 47· . 36 Dilference...... ·-..... _...... ~- •.. ·I 72 ~ r 51 54- ~I 41 - From St. Loui; Mo., t()- ~ I I 1\f;.'· RANSIHTI~~ Mil. President, ft is very evident that the· Keokuk towa. (orr Mississippi 1 rail rates ar..e made' with the purpose of. underbidding the wat-er~ 1 171 38 32 6 24 2 17 13 7 r ..... --- ••• ...... · g: • · · 3' • 1.3..1 ways sucli· traffic as mf,..,~ht: sank to use them. W"'t'Ie· cert"...,.,. sJliberJ·s ury,Mo~ ...... _...... 169 1i3 40 30 24 19- 21 on "" u ~ -- --~-- ~ ~---- · r~il rates are kept. abnormally low and the..railroa.ds. thus re- I:ifference...... ·.·...... 14.: 1· 7. fi · 5. 8 6. 7 . 5. 3 I i. 9 : tain a· large· part of tlie traffic t:o which they apply, tbis is an. Roc).!: Island, TIL (on ?.Iississippi Iii = ' ~ ' undesirable· an-d! unfair· rrrrnngement, compensated, as is well· Rtver) -...... 240 36:3. 28:5 22:4 17:6 14.2 ~5 1 knowil' and as is: shown in part l1y the· table, by· means of mucb.- Moulton, Iowa ....._...... 24~ 52;5. ~ 29;5 22. ,5 17.2 ~ - higher· rntes to interior points. Ditrerence...... - ... ----116'.2' 12~5 I 7.-1 4.-9 _:_J 6. 5 ! At a tfme when transportation difficulties are great and are ~= .- · increasing, the statestnanUke policy woUld be not to restrict nor t7504 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-- SENATE. SEPTEl\IBER. 29'

'diminish the usefulness of our waterways, but to devise methous of the commerce carrieu thereon in the calendar_ year 1915, for promoting their greater· use. Capital is proverbially timid and the appropri~tions for the fiscal year 1918 contained in the and naturally hesitates. to engage in new. or doubtful enter.: rivers and harbors act. prises. Transportation on our inland waterways, if properly The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so organized, financed, and equipped, can undoubtedly be con­ o~dered. · · ducted at less cost than on the railways, but adequate organiza­ The table referred to is as follows : tion, capital, equipment, and management will be forthcoming Items directly ct•iticized by the Senator from IowtJ.. only if the waterways are kept in good condition, assurances as· to the permanence of such policy given the i_nterested pub­ Commerce for 1915. lic, and, as now seems to be necessary, assistanc~ of some prac­ Aft~Po~a,. tical kind given in the establishment of experimental lines for Name of project. 1------T------1 the purpose of demonstrating the most efficient way to use these ------I--N_e_t_t_ons__ ._ , __v_-a_l_ue_.___,~w--f_J_1I_~_ar_ waterways. . . - • 1 · Some further adjustment o! the railroad-rate situation may Big Sandy River...... 152, 159 Sl, 520,501 .. also be necessary so as to permit the water·carriers to use the Scuppernong River; ...... : ...... :...... 9,488 389,478 ....i3;500 Contentnia Creek...... 9, 607 146,975 1, 000 railroads ·to advantage in through business to inland points. Smiths Creek...... 5, 896 145, 928 ...... At present the rail cai:i·iers deny to the river -lines the same Fishing Creek ...... · ...... 2, 450 34,926 ...... division of rates that they give to their rail· connections, \\:hereas, Pamlico and Tar Rivers. • ...... • . ••• ...... • • . 286,716 3, 937, 502 4, liOO N~rtheastRiver...... 68,116 1,263,962 3,000 to overcome the inertia and the disinclination of the busines~ Black River ...... :...... • . • • • . . . . 18, 746 399, 143 2, 000 community to engage in a new departure, the water carrier Cal:f Fear River (above Wilmington)...... 100,030 · 1,675,002 ...... ' should not only get from its rail connections the same ·propor­ Li tie Pedeo River ...... - • .'...... 1, 442 . 72, 703 ...... Santee River...... ~...... 25,376 770,902 } tionate rates as are given on through:rail business between 80 000 identical termini, but an arrangement should be made under ~= ~l:!i.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ...... 4;324" ····656;500· ' which the water carrier might, by accepting less money for its Altamaha River...... • • . .. . • . • .. • • ...... 16, 763 967, 205 } OconeeRiver ...... 41,925 484,091 40,000 own service, establish lower joint .through rates· and thereby Ocmulgee River ...... -·...... • • . . . . . 33, 645 1, 127, 556 attract business to a t•elatively untried and in some respects Kissimmee River...... 73,565 1, 164, 045 4, 000 - less favorably situated route. · Caloosahatchee River •.....•...... · ..•.•.•.... 69,340 1, 980, 014 .•...... • Orange River...... 3, 490 143,300 ...... In place of repeating the trite and untrue charge that the CrystalRiver ...... :...... 2, 141 81,430 ...... river and harbor bill is a " pork barrel," the Senator would du Ariclote River...... 11,269 !190, 729 3,000 well to try to build up the confidence of the business community Withlacoochee River...... 20, 789 195, 186 ...... Escambia and Conecuh Rivers .•.•..... ; ...... 85, 000 850, 000 2, 500 to an extent sufficient to induce thein to invest capital in and Pearl River...... 30,650 155,048 ...... to use river transportation. He might try to ascertain the reasons Red River (below Fulton)...... 'l:T,32S 1,895,~7 55,000 why t11ese great national highways are not more extensively OuachitaRiver ...... ·...... 97,451 2,108,146 10,000 . Arkansas River...... • ...... 39, 966 800, 868 35, 000 used and, by devising practical .plans for overcoming these St. Francis River ...... _...... 146, 442 462, liOO 3,li00 objections, save the country each year considerably more than the amount of the appropriation he now decries. · Total ...... '..... 1, 441, 111 24, 419, 567 251,00) In criticizing the grouping system, which was introduced by former Senator Burton and which has been used for a number Mr. RANSDELL. Mr. President, it will be noted that every of years, . but which is used more extensively than ever before one o:( the 28, without a single exception, is located ~ the in the river and harbor bill recently enacted, Se.natot; KENYON South. The Senator gave a ~pecial criticism to the Pamlico says: and Tar Rivers, which really constitute one stream with differ­ The plan is to group a number <>f 1·elated projects under a lump ap­ ent names in different parts. There were carried on this river propriation, so that It can not be told how much <>f the money will go in 1915, 286,716 tons of freight, and if he had gone carefully to any particular project. That is left to the engineers. through the Report of the Chief of Engineers be would have · A_gain, in speaking of the appropriation for the Santee, round nearly 200 waterways and harbors located jn the North- ·wateree, and Congaree Rivers, he says that this is- 192 to be exact-which carried a smaller commerce than that said to be all intended for the Congaree, but there was no way to know of the · Pamlico. I hope the Senator will not be offended if I that for certain. commend to him the cultiyation of a national instead of· a sec- This statement also is very far from the truth. The engineers tional point of view. , subinit detailed estimates for ali' projects for which appropria­ . It will also be noted that every one of the waterways which tions are specifically desired. These estimates were printed in he specifically criticized is a river, although some of them are a committee report, which was available ~ot only to every called creeks. He said many things, and bitter things, about Senator but to the general public_. If the Senator did not have rivers, but not a word against harbors. Apparently,- he is suf­ the time or did not care to take the trouble to look the matter fering fr9m what might be <;ailed fluvial hydrophobia. . Harbors up in this report, he could have been informed upon applica­ are railway terminals. They serve railways, while rivers com­ tion to the chairman of the Commerce Committee, and, in fact, pete, or may compete, with railways. Is it possible that this was informed during the consideration of the bill as to the fact has any connection with the severe criticism of rivers and exact amounts designated for a number of project:s in the bil). the entire lack of condemnation of harbors which characterized , It often happens that because of favorable con~itions the the remarks of the Senator from Iowa! entire appropriation made for some projects is not needed

In this-case the '.'tremendous appropriations' amount to just. In the past, .as I have already said, 1.\Ir. President, the railroads $4,500 for the maintenance of u waterway which in 1915 carried have used cutthroat'_methods of competition against waterways}· 286,716 t'ons of commerce valued at'$3,937,502. That is at the which I ~mphatically disapprove. But having said that, I waiit rate of H cents for each ton· and eleven one-hundredths of a cent also to say that the patriotic and efficient service which the· for each tlollar! A continuance of such wanton extravagance· as i·ailroads have rendered since our entrance into the world' war that, Mr. President, will bring us to the verge of national bank- desen·es and should receive the unstinted praise of every loyal ruptcy ! .. · citizen of the United States. And to·day, Mr. President, we The Senator understated the commerce carried and inter- are· confronted · by an extraordinary and surprising spectacle. changed the tonnage handled upstream and downsh·eam, re~ On the one hand we see the leading railway men of the country spectiYely. He stated that ab.out 120,000 tons: were timber, but urging that the waterways be used, because there is more traffic if he had really read the engineer's .report, .instead of merely to be moved than the railroads can possibly handle, arid on the glancing at it and jumping at. conclusions, he would have found other we see the Senator. from Iowa trying his best to cut down that most of this was handled in. boats· and barges which were almost to the vanishing point the appropriations required to keep Jarger or, at any rate, had a greater dt•aft than the boats in the waterways in condition to be-used. I thoroughly agree with which the rest of the commerce was carried, an•l that 128,500 one criticism I have heard him make, and that is as to the sys-' tons of·lumber, timber; and shingles·were carried upstream. If tern of dribbing appropriations for waterways, but from the tim·e the distinguished Senator from· Iowa can make timber float up- he became a Member of the Senate he has usect his most earnest stream on a river, whether improved or unimproved, he can win efforts not to increa e the appropriations but to decrease the both fame and fortune if he will tell the lumbermen of the dribble to a drip. United States how it can be done. · At. till another place in the article Senator KENYON says: He lays great . str.ess on the fact that the depth of the river The people arc re<'llly to blame, and their viewpoint as to what con- at the extreme upper limit of navigation. and at tlle time of stltutes a statesman must change before any decided change takes place - 1 20 · h · H · th f t that the in the system upon which " pork " is founded. So long as their ideal of l ow wa t er JS on Y me es. e .Igl!Ores e ·ac · an efficient representative at Washington Is the man who is able to minimum low-water depth in the principal part of the river is get an appropriation to " improve" their P-odunk Creek or to put up 10 feet-which is just 4 feet greater than the minimum depth some public bui!ding far larger or more expen~tve _than the. community . i · · d th fu tl er fact that needs-so long as they meet such a Ietm-nh;lg statesman with a band P l anne d f· or the upper MISS SSlppt-an e r 1 and point to him with pride, saying,. " See what he got for us "-just so during several months in the year the available navigable long wm "pork" continue to thrive. . depth in many of the rivers and harbors of the North is noth- Thi · is pretty broad, l\Ir. President, but in his remarks on the ing at all, because they are · froz.en up. Ice in the North. and river and harbor bill he put it still more broadly. As reported low water in . the . South during a .portion of the year do not~ iri the RECORD for August 3, page 5454, he mad~ the following however, preyent the development of an important commerce. statement: No doubt the Senator is busy; we all il.re; but if he will take We might as well be perfectly frank about these little streams. Every­ the time to look over the reports of the engineers he will find body knows it. It is not for commerce, but to help elect men to Congress. that, since its improvement was begun in 1876, the Pamlico What is the use of going around the corner about that proposition? A River has carried about $800 worth of. commerce for each dol- man goes home with an a[-propriation for Contentnea Creek or Podunk. Creek, or a public building, and be is tendered a great banquet, and lar spent on it· improvement. It- seems to me that a return leading orators pronounce him the greatest statesman we have had in of 800 for 1 is a matter for congratulation rather than for modern times. criticism. These statements, Mr. President, constitute an aspersion upon At another place in the article he says: the intelligence and an indictment of the integrity of the Army We have spent in this country about $900,000,000 on rivers and engineers, of the Members of Congress in both Houses, and of harbors. Of this amount it is a perfectly safe estimate that half of it the people of tl1e United States. As to the Army engineers, with­ has been squandered. out whose sanction, made after thorough surveys and investiga- Here again his statement is very wide of the truth. The · t · I fact has all·eady been noted that his criticism has been entirely twns, no wa erway proJect has legis1 ative status, commend to the Senator's attention the statement made by a gentleman of directed against rivers, from which it is natural to conclude his own political faith, the distinguished leader of the minority that he considers the money appropriated for the improvement in the House of Representatives, Mr. MANN, who is one of the of harbors has bee-:::t wisely expended. A tabulation made from ablest, sincerest, and most industrious men in Congress, and one the repo-rts of the Chief of Engineers shows that, in round num- who always makes sure of his facts. He says: bers, $500,000,000 has been expended on harbors and $400,- Whatever men may think about the merits of particular propositions 000,000 on rivers. In making this tabulation some waterways in a bill, there is no legislation which comes before Congress which is which are called rivers, and even some called creeks, have been so critically scanned by experts as are the river and harbor bills before included with the harbors because they belong there, as, for they reach the House. • • • There are more processes involved, and far more expert men, wholly disinterested, unbiased, uncontrolled by instance, the Penobscot from Bangor to the sea, the Delaware Eolitics, in reference to a river and harbor Item than for any other legis­ below Philadelphia, the Mississippi below New Orleans, the atiou provided by any legislative assembly in the world. (See Cox­ Columbia below Portland, and East Chester, Westchester, and GREssw~AL llEcono, Jan. 22, 1917, p. 1777.) Newtown Creeks, which are parts of New York Harbor. On Fifty Members of the Senate and· 204 :Members of the House the other hand, so important a s-tream as the Hudson above voted for the river and harbor bill. If the Senator means to New York City has been included with the rivers. charge that all of these Senators and Representatives are guilty . His statement is untrue, flierefore, even if every dollar that of voting money ·out of the Treasury o:f the United States, not has been spent on the rivers of the country has been squan- for commerce, but to aid in reelecting themselves to Congress, dered. But I do not believe that any sane and fair-minded then the Congress of the United States is cQmposed of dishonest man would attempt to claim that this is the case. 'Ve have men, for while such action may not technically violate any stat­ spent over $13,000,000 on the Monongahela, but it is handling ute of the United States, I can see no difference morally between some 13,000,000 tons of traffic in a year, and if the carrying of a Senato1: or a Member of Congress who votes money out of the coal on this river were stopped much of the bottom would drop Treasury for improper purposes in order to promote his own out of the 'iron .and steel indush·y of Pittsburgh. That money political fortunes and one, in Congress or out of it, who would pu't was certainly not wasted, nor was that spent on many other his hands into the pocket or the strong bDx of another man and rivers which carry a commerce important at any time, but extract money therefrom. trebly important in these days of war when the railroads are It is not my intention, Mr. President, to occupy the time of the overtaxed. ~ Senate much further. I ask permission to insert as a portion It is. undoubtedly true that some of our rivers carry _less of my remarks, without reading, an article entitled "The Water· commerce than formerly, but it is also true that for more than ways of the United States," prepared by Mr. ,S. A. Tho~pson~ 50 years the railways in their competition with waterways secretary and treasurer of the National Rivers and Harbors were free to use any methods that the acutest intellect could Congress. This consists of three tables, with explanatory notes, devise and the mo~t . hardened conscience could execute; and compiled from the reports of the Chief , of Engineers and the everyone wlio has given the subject attention knows that they recently enacted river and harbor bill, in which will be found improved their opportuQities in this direction to the very limit. a great deal of valuable information. .- · It l my profound conyiction that the railroads were short- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection; permission sighted and that they really were working against their own is granted. _ interest.·. Hut be that as it may, many millions of dollars 1\Ir. RANSDELL. Table I gives, in a few lines, important were appropriated for rivers during. years when they were facts concerning the 535 waterways and harbors included in carrying a vast commerce: when, indeed, "tliey furnished the the report of ·the Ohlef of Etigineers f~r - 1916, divided · intQ only lines of communication excent the dim ctrails of. the wilder- classes according to the tonnage carried, with the tonnage and ness, and the. money spent. on rivers at .such. times .and under . value of commerce carried by each, class and the totals for all. it . ; such conditions was certainly not squandered;·-· -- _..: . -- - · the classes. From -this appears that there were 229 water- LV--476 7506 QONGRESSIONAL : RECORD-SE·NA.TE~ SEPTEl\fBER 29;_·

ways caTrying ·less than 50,000 -tons each, the·aggregate tonna'ge whtch are mentioned in the riyers and hru·bots act, and in adai.. for this class being 3,900,689, valued· at $142,732,347. There tion s~ows the really .ridicnlqusly small amount of the appro­ were 5 waterways whic]) carried over 50,000,000 tons each_, the priations made in that act in proportion to the tonnage and the ·-ggregate tonnage being 368,431,468, valued at $13,459,281,805. value of the commerce-can-ie

In .'l'able I the 535 -waterways and harbors included . in the latest · -It . .9hould be clearly. understood · that the totals_of tonnage state!}. In . Report of the Chief of .Engineers ·have been Uivided into nine classes these tables is not, and does not claim.to be, a statement of the separate according to tbe tonnag-e carried, the number of wate:t:Ways .in ,each .tons of- freight handled. 'l'lley "I"epresent the sum of the tonnage re. class is stated and the volume and value of the commerce carried is given ported b;y the engineers on the dllferent waterways and harbors of the for each class separately and for all the classes combined. , United States, and, because of the conditions under which they are TABLE I.-Waterways ana harbot·s included in th~ Report of the Chief of gathered, they·involve both duplications and omissions. Engitteet·s for 191~ classified ~cor(ling .to tonnage .carried, with ton­ The most extreme instan~e of duplication occurs in rela,tion to the nage a11d. t>alue 01 commerce carried 11 eac1~ class ana totals tor all traffic between Lake Superior and Lake Erie. Iron ore, for instance, is classes. inch1ded no less than five times. First, when it is loaded at Duluth, • CALENDAR TEAR 1915·. SuperiorJ.. or Marquette; then as it passes s~ccessively through the " Boo " canal, the St. Clair Flats Canal, and the Detroit River ; and finally when it is unloaded at Cleveland, Conneaut, or Ashtabula. Freight carried by each class •. Number Practically all the tonnage reported on the Great Lakes is recorded in Classification. twice--once when it is loaded at one port, and again when it is unloaded class. at another. But the total commerce of the ports on the Great Lakes Tons.' Value. can not be shown unless the receipts and the -shipments are both in­ cluded, and the standard depth in the channels and harbors of the Lakes must be continuously maintained or they can not be ~afely used Waterways carrying (tons): 1 by the great steamships in which the commerce of the Lakes .is carried. 229 Less than 50,000 ...... : .... 3, 900,689 S142, 732,347 If there are duplications on the one hand, on the other the unavoid­ 60 ro,ooo to 100,000...... 4,416,131 110,236,332 able omissions are many in number and important in amount. because 117 100,000 to 500,000. .. .. • . • • • • • • • . • . • • . 28,093,170 594,778,450 the machinery for gathering statistics of water-borne commerce in the 39 500,000 to 1,000,000...... 261630,356 799,537,182 United States is very far from being what it ought to be. For instance, 54 1,000,000 to 5,000,000.. .•. • ••. • ...... 121,388,087 4,370,659,484 the commerce, foreign and domestic1 handled at the great port·of Boston· 16 5,000,000 to 10,000,000...... 115, 176,269 3, 805,165,962 undoubtedly amounted to tens of millions of tons in volume and to hun­ 12 10,000,000 to 25,000,000...... 173,114,093 7,690,902,260 dreds of millions of dollars in value ; but the only figures the engineers 3 25,000,000 to 50,000,000...... 94,973,398 1,974,660, 723 were able to secure were those showing the value· of the foreign com­ 5 Over 50,000,000...... 368,431,458 13,459,281,805 merce of the port. The Mystic and Malden Rivers, in Massachusetts, 1------1------carried some 3,800,000 tons of freight, but for more than half of this f35 Total...... 936,~,661 32,947,954,545 the value could not be ascertained, and in scores· of othet· instances the engineers state that the commercial statistics reported hy them are in­ complete. , 1 or 2,000 pounds. In the official report on Transportation by Water, published by the There were 90 waterways and harbors having a combined commerce Census Bureau for the year_1906, it is said: · of 129,482,329 tons valued at $4,006,237,975, which were lncluded in " The limitation of the census to vessels of 5 tons or over results in the report of the Chief of Engineers; but which were not included, the exclusion of a large number of steam, gasoline, and electric launches either directly or indirectly, in the 1917 rivers and harbors act. Table engaged in the regular freight and passenget· traffic on the lakes, bays, II gives the same facts with reference to the 445 waterways and har­ and rivers of the country. The number of these small vessels has in-· bors for which provision was made, either directly or indirectly, in the creased very rapidly during recent years, and their aggregate annual rivers and harbors act, and in addition shows, for each class with business has now assumed .considerable proportions." . .. . averages for all the classes, the number of tons and the value of the . Every one in the least familiar with the facts knows that the number commerce carried for each dollar of the appropriation made, and also of motor boats now in use is vastly greater than it was in 1906. Not the amount appropriated for each ton ·or freight and dollar of value only are they regularly used in carrying freight and passengers for hire, of the commerce carried: but there are many farmers who use -motor boats to carry their produce

TABLE II::-Waterwany& and harbor& of the Uniltd Statu mtntioned in the rivers and harbors. act of 1917, &howing tonnage a11d value of commerce carried bv the different classes in the calendar year 1915, with totals; the appropriations for each clau, and total; t1u number of tons, and their value, carried bg each class for each dollar .appropriated, with averages· and tht number of cents-appropriated tor. eaclt. ton of.trajfic and each doUar ·of value carried by the different classes, with averages, calendar gear 1915. '

Each dollar appro­ Amount appropri­ priated represents- Number Appropria­ ated equals- · or Total fraight, Value of freight tions nvers water­ Freight carried, net tons. net tons. carried. and harbors . ways. act of 1917. For each For each Tons. Value. ton or dollar of freight. value. ------CentB. Cents. 19i Less than 50,000 ...... ~ ~ ...... 3,381,119 $126,342,349 $1,107,800 3.05 $114.04 32.76 0.87 53 3,908,952 I 01, 972, 581 390,200 10.01 261.33 9.98 - .37 ~2 21 250 501 508, 859, 965 4",079,600 5.20 124.73 23.90 .80 ::3 22:658:074 770,676, 524 2,066,000 -10.96 373.02 9.11 .26 ~9 83,424,474 3, 213, 711,389 5,324,200 15.66 600.60 6.38 .16 15 r.~~~~~;;m;_~~l·:_~:_::l;-yl·-~_ll_~-~-:_:l:l::_ 109,420, 167 3, 658,079, 102 7,967,150 13.73 459.14 7.28 .21 9 127, 482, 115 5,617,460,862 1,219,000 104.57 4,608.57 .95 .02 66,684,462 1, 485,331,993 1,915,000 34.47 775.63 2.87 .12 ~ ~'"~~~:;~:~·.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 368, 431, 468 13,459,281,805 2,245,500 164.07 5,993.89 .60 .01 r------r------4------4------r ------~------11------2145 Total...... • ...... 806,'641,332 28,941, 716, 570 26,314, 4.5o 136.12 1 I,099.84 13.26 1.00

1Average.

to market and bring back their supplies. The traffic on the waterways TABLE Ili.--Name ana location of the watertoaya ana harbors of the of the country, like the traffic on its highways, is known to every one United States, voZutn-e and ilalu.e of commerce ha-ndled i11- 1915 co-m­ to be l'normous in volume ; but it is a practical impossibility to secure pat·ea with appropriations in t1~e ri-vers and harbors act of 1917~ exact statistics as to the tonnage. It will be seen, therefore, that the duplications in these tables are largely, if not entirely, offset by the Commerce for 1915. omissions so that the totals are approxinlately correct. Name and location of im­ Appropriation in If, however, the omissions contained in the statistics reported by the provement. Freight, net Estimated 1917 rivers and engineers are ignored entirely and the totals given are cut squa,re in tons. value.- harbors bill. two in order to give full recognition to all possible duplications, the $27,826,150 appropriated by the rivers and harbors act of 1917 amounts • MAINE. to only 6.81 cents for each ton of t~affic and to less· than one-fifth of a cent {nineteen one:-hundredths) fot: each dollar of value of the com­ *St. Croix River...... 146,754 Sl, 872,889 merce carried on the waterways and harbors of the United States in the *Bar Harbor...... 39,455 I, 440,965 calendar year 1915. *Bass Harbor ...... The sum of the appropl'iations for the different classes of waterways *Deer Island Thoroughfare ...... _.. included in Table III is $26,314,450, while the total of the appropria­ *Penobscot River ..... _...... 432,436 4, 984,022 tions contained iJ:J. the rivers and harbors act is $27,826,150. The fol­ *Rockland Harbor ...... _. 552, 132 13, 842, 067 lowing statement shows the purposes for which the di1ference of *Thomaston Harbor ...... : 13, 188. 250,000 $1,511,700 was appropriated. *Kennebec River...... 275, 960 3, 515,500 Portland Harbor...... 2,990,076 145,884;161 Completing im· Additional appropriations in 191'1 rivers ana lwrbors act. provement, $300, · Projects for - which no commerce was repor~ed (8 new, 000. 4 old) ------$1, 078, 700 *Saco River ...... : ...... _____-_65 __ ,_7os __ l-- _____3aa_·_,ooo ___ ExatminatlonCs, su.t:veys,. and contingencies------225, 000 Tot 1 , , 1 Wa erways omm'.SS 1on ___ _:______100, 000 a1 ...... ; ... · · · · · · · · 4 515 699 172 ' 114 ' 604 Removing water hyacinths ______------30, 000 MAINE AND NEW HAMPSHIRE. Government iron pier at Lewes, DeL______68, 000 *Isles oi Sh 1s H b r 2,225 . 56,175 Expenses of .purchase ot: condemnation of Cape Cod and oa ar 0 •• · ... · • Chesapeake and Delawa~e Canals ______.:_ 10, 000 NEW HAMPSmRE. TotaL ______... ___ ·------.,------1, 511, 700 *Portsmouth Harbor ...... · ·.-l=====490='=44=7:::1===2='=47=5,==6=7=5=l Table III, while much longer than. the other two, requires little com. H.A.SSACHUSETTS. ment. In it will be found the name and the geographical location of !New)?urypor~Harbor...... 174,887 . 962,480 every waterway and he.t·bor mentioned eithet· in the Report of the ·Mernmack River...... 89,529 530,655 Chief of Engineers or the rivers and harbors• act, with the amount and *SandyBayHarborofRefnge• ...... : ...... : ...... value of the commerce carried thereon in the calendar year 1915. • -Tho *Gloucester Harbor ...... -- 275, ·757 • 3,340 334 }F' . t. · grouping of projects in the rivers and harbors act is. shown by brackets *Beverly Harbor...... 473,455 · 3, 439:674 ~~~ amacce, and the asterisks indicate projects for whlcl:L no apprpprlatlon. was *SalemHarbor ..... :······-··· _ 97,378 281,030 • • made. ·. • 1r;or footnotes see end of table.! 7508 - ,CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-SENA.TE. SEPTEMBER 29,

TABLE III,-Name and location of the watenoayg and J.tar~rB of the TABLE III.-Name ontl loe~Uotl of the 'WatertoafiB and harbot·s of "tlle Un,ted 8fates~ etc.-Continued. U11ited States. etc.-Continued.

Co~eree for 19]1). Oommerce for 1915. Name and location of im­ l------,,.------1 A¥Kf?~~n an~ Name and location of im­ t------..,.------1 A~Kf~P~}~~n an~ provement. provement. Freight, net Estimated harbors bill. Fxeight, net Estimated harbors bill. tons. I value. tons. value.

~· -. HASSA.CHUSETTs-continued. NEW YORK BAY AND HARBO.R. New York Harbor: *Lynn Harbor ...... -·---· 385,761 11,539,199 Ambrose, .Main Shi'p, and 17,885,893 $2,216,337,518 For maintenanoo Mystic and Malden Rivers ...• 3, 784, i89 19,960,089 Gednev Cba.nmlls. • · of entrance chan­ *Dorchester Bay and Neponset 181,250 1,109,816 B~ Ri~ and Red Hook 10,416,118 520, 805, 900 nels and im­ For maintenance, hanne . provement or lliver. ) •w cymouth. Fore River__ . __ • 148, 149 976,695 $24,000. Coney Island Channel. .•....•• ~.00,861 ~,949, 7-95 bay, •Weymouth Back River...... 206, 3Z3 4,616, 218 ·~K~.r •Plymouth Harbor...... • . . 37, 103 214, 992 Hudson River Channel.. ••.••. 63,458,291 6, 410, 144, TI9 For fui:provement, *ProvincetoVI'll Harbor .....•.. -········· ...•...... - 1810,500. *Boston Harbor...... ••••••••...... 2289,927;436 East River and Hell Gate ••••• 'i~, 'li8, 177 ~.192, 206,408 For a 4Q-ioot chan­ *Chels aCreek...... 385,982 6,267,640 nel, $1,250,000. *Fort Point Channel...... 1,356,0&7 19,574,769 *Wallabout Channel...... 1, 245,689 15,660, 163 *Pollock Rip Shoals ....•••••...••••.••••...... •••••...... • •Gowanus Crook Channel.··-· · 658,000 354,000 •Hyannis Harbor...... 3,891 86,783 *Harlem River ...•. ·-...... 15, 096, '1.69 1, 538, 506, 583 •NantucketHarbor...... 45,83& 1,968,137 •Newt-Own Creek •. ·-...... 5, 700,102 147,086,860 *Woods Hole Channel. ..••. ~-. 59, 925 3, 714,068 •Flushing Bay .... - .•.. -~.... 677, ~tiO 1, 006,295 •w oods Hole Harbor. . . . • . . • • 18,265 596, 956 •Jamaica Bay...... 750, 867 7, !H9, 795 *Woods Hole Strait...... 41,660 3,117,112 *Sheepshead Bay.·-········-· IJ,654 82,756 *New Bedford and Fairhaven 1,626,226 52,408,202 •staten Island Sound...... 28,288,936 489,328,780 Harbors. Channel between Staten Is- ····-····--···· ···········--~-· New project; *TauntonRiver...... 107,968 454,011 land and Ho.ffman and $50,000. *Fall River Harbor...... 1,393, 654 57, 838,'&J7 Swinburne Islands.

Total. .• ··--··:--··--··· a 18,393,8751 462,924,553 Total ..• _...... • • • • • • '• 220,<699, 023 71115,548,626,371 NEW .lE.J!SEY. RRODE ISLAND. I *Newark Eay and Passaic *Pawtucket River...... 458, 362 5, 677, 875 River ...... •...... ••• 4,240,291 9"7, 09~, 474 *Providence River and Harbor. 3, 739,546 290, 654,307 *Hnckensaclr River. __ .....••• 795,563 2, 731,544 •Newport Harbor...... 223,174 5, 761, 963 Woodbridge Creek ....•.•.•.•• 67,610 305,740 *PointJudithHarborofRefuge .•...•...•.•.....••...... ! .... Raritan "Bay .....•...• _..•.••• 10,137,1390 137, 298, 379 ;I BridgeportHarbor...... 1,135,6Z3 71,061,781 For maintenance, NorwalkHarbor ...•....• _.... 237,391 33,174,097 $71,000. NEW JERSEY AND pE,~ *FivemileRiverHarbor...... 2,498 _31,399 VANIA. Stamford Harbor...... 356,768 17,843,810 *Southport Harbor...... ·20 1,200 Delaware "R1ver: Greenwich Harbor ••••••. ____ 96,632 2,656, 781J At Trenton ..•...... •••••... : ...... ••••.•...•...... *Wcstport Harbor and Sauga:- 6, 033 25, 857 Trenton to Philadelphia . . _1, 782,422 16,196,779 For mainterumce, tuck River. $40,000. NEW JERSEY, PENNBYLV ANIA1 Total...... 5,681,885 j 393,525,032 AND DELAWARE. F======~======l VERMONT. I Delaware River: *llurlington Harbor ..••..•••• _ 23, 284 2, 219,900 Philadelphia to the sea .••. 26,189,790 1, 116, 529,839 For imJ?rOve~nt and mamtenance, *St. Albans Ha:rbor. ~ •...••.. -~-----4-44- f ·----3_2_,000--11 For maintenance, $1,870,000. Total.. ..••..••••.•••• _.. 23,728 2,251,900 N~r~s of Lake Total, Delaware River .• 27,972, "21.2 1, 132, 726,618 Champlain, .for NI:W YORK AND VERMONT. . i m p r o vement PENNS"tLVANi.!. Narrows of Lake Champlain ... ~37, 791 5,425,524 P~~xiry Har- bor, completing :NEW YORK. improvement, *Plattsburg Harbor...... 6,808 971,250 $71,500. Port Henry Harbor ...... ••.•.•••.•.•...... •..••.•...... *Port Chester Harbor...... 206,556 9, 976,999 *Mama.roneckHarbor...... 57,583 1,132,866 EastChester Creek, *Echo nay Harbor...... 104,.518 2/042, 530 completing im­ East Chester Crook...... • 139,798 776, 331 provement, For maintenance, *Westchester Creek...... • . • 220, 912 • 4118, 393 111,000. 550,000. *Bronx River...... ~ 1, 164,090 f I, 732, 725 Government iron pier, near * augertiesHarbor...... 94,758 2,279,350 ! Lewes...... • • • • • • • • • . . • • . . . • • • • . • • . . . . • . . • . For maintenance *Rondout Harbor...... 369,019 2,402, 190 For maintenance, and repair, Peekskill Harbor...... :..... 152,854 3, 777, 619 $3,500. $63,000. *Tarrytovm Harbor...... 102, 251 1, 637 r341 1 • 29,775 P1,422,425 *Wappinger Creek ...... _..... 43, 315 5, 259, 423 ~J~~KI~e;_~ ~~:::::::: 32,945 1,012,955 *Port Je:fierson Harbor...... 20, 746 1,132, 325 ! Mispillion River..•••••...••••• 31,778 1,014,346 *Mattituck Harbor...... 1,312 4,875 *Smyrna River••.••••••••••••. 18,580 470,418 For maintenanoo, *IIuntington Harbor...... 42,863 260,722 12,4o2 248,020 $30,000. *Hempstead Harbor. . . . • . . . . • 3, 644, 716 1,687, 441 !tflli~~~:re~:::: :::::::::::: 5,889 107,047 *Great South Bay...... 18, 434 132, 884 *St. Jones River...•.• _.····-·- 7,063 171,480 *Browns Creek...... 8, 99 97,375 Broa.dkill River ...... 5,879 91,915 *Hudson River...... • . 3, 211, 739 59, 197, 000 Waterway between Rehoboth - 13,655 303,239 For improvement *Lock at Troy...... • . . • . . 332,213 5,691, 100 Bay-and Delaware Bay. and maintenance, $50,000. Total ...... •...... •.. ~ 8,418,683 ~ 97, 683, 290- Tot:al...... •••••.•.•. •• . 547,-739 98,537,339 [For footnotes see end ot tabl«:;.l IFor footnotes see end of table.]. .,

1917. .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE. 7509

T.A:BLN III.-Name ana location of fhe watencays ana harbors ot the T.A:BLE III.-Name ana location of the warerways ana harbors of th8 United St-ates, etc.-Continued. United States, etc.-Continued.

Commerce for 1915. Commerce for 1915. Name and location of im­ Nii.me and location of im­ 1------~-----1 Appropriation. . in ~------,~------I A~Kf~~~~: an~ provement. 1917 rivers and provement. Freight~ net Estimated harbors bill. FreigJit, net Estimated harbors bill. tons. value. tons. value.

DELAWABE, MARYLAND, AND NOMH CABOI.lNA. VIRGINIA.. Manteo Bay .•••.•..•- ••••' ••••• 12,110 1557,551 Waterway from Delaware Bay 10,601 1247,568 For maintenance, Scuppernon§ River •..••••••.. 9,448 389 478 to Chincoteague Bay. $1,000. Pamlico an Tar Rivers •..••• 286,716 :r,oo7;~2 •south River ••••..••..••••••• 34 643 219, 32 MARYLAND. *Bay River .••••.••••.••...••. 18:748 399,143 l Neuse River ••• ·-•••. ~- •••.••• 429,590 6,240,511 3, 578,289 *Susquehanna River ....••.... 200,990 1,944,605 Trent River .•••••.••..••.••••• 183,611 $15,500. - Baltimore Harbor and Chan- 15,762,942 452, 040, 202 For mamtenanoo *Fishing Creek •••.••. ~ • ..••... 34,926 nels. and improve.. Contentnea Creek .••••.. ·n. ·- ~·~ 146,975 r-m~- ment, $354,000. *Swift Creek ...... •••.•.••• -~ 15,572 111,826 *Rockhall Harbor•.•.•...... 18,096 514,630 *Smith's Creek ....•••••...... • 5,896 145,928 Queenstown Harbor ...... · ..• 18,670 3~,907 *Waterwal from swan Quar- 12,726 473,181 C'laibome Harbor ..•...... •.•. 21,300 1,502, 780 ter Ba~ o Deep Bay. *Tilghman Island Harbor ..... 19,546 499,820 *Cape okout Harbor of ...... *Cam bridge Harbor ...... • 87,384 1,631,616 Refuge. ~isfi.eld Harbor..•..•...... • 357,335 5,197,650 Waterway from P.amlico 140,093 2,162,199 *Elk aud Little Elk Rivers .•. 44,933 168,376 Sound to Beaufort Inlet. *Chester River ...••...... 40,932 . 983..960 Beaufort llarbor .••...... •... 169,712 2,948,604 Corsica River .....••...... 44,300 &42,600 Morehead City Harbor ...••... 12,363 678,606 49,586 2,540,465 *Waterway connecting Core 13,452 382,936 For .maintenance; ~~~~~ 1U~~::: :::::::::: 2,208 171,415 Sound and &laufort.Harbor. $35,000. *Warwick River ..•••.•.•••••• 8,541 383,670 Beaufort Inlet...... ~9,585 1,112,937 *La Trappe River .••••••• .-••• 6,949 340,750 Inland waterway from Beau- *Tred A von River •••••.•.•••• 25,872 936,000 fort to Jacksonville, N.C.: *WicomicoRiver ••••••.••...• 96,253 2,717,635 *Beaufort to Swansboro ...• 40,320 M3,133 *Manokin River ••••..•.••••.• 25,623 t U1,350 *Swansboro toNew River .• 13,013 190,155 . ·216,543 *Pocomoke River ••••••..•...• 34,653 1,137,360 For maintenanoo, *Swansboro tb J acksoiiVille. 30,613 •slaughter Creek •••••...•...•• 22,800 1,156,350 # $15, !lX>. . 68,116 1 -263 ·962 . $85,000. . Tyaskin Creek ....••.•....•.. 6,334 194,440 Northeast River .•••.•.•..••.• 1 {"" -mtenano&; *Broad Creek ..•.•..•....•..•. 13,503 314,300 Black River...... •..••....•.• 22,534 312;255 Cape Fear River *Twitch Cove and Big Thor- Cape Fear River: below Wilming. oughfare River ...•..... •••.. ~.237 181,065 *Above Wilmington...... ' 100,030 1,675,002 · ~on, -completing Lower Thoroughfare, Deal At and below Wilmington. 709,570 46,638,404 Improvement, Island ...... ••••••....•. 13,580 218,430 . $35,000. 1------~------~ 1 •Shallotte River ••••• ·.•...••.. 6,290 308,762 16,921,567 476,"303, 436 Total •• ·"··············· Total .•..•.••••..•.•..•. 112,578,927 1178,270,026 DELAWARE AND KABYLA.ND. SOUTH CABOUN'A. *Nanticoke River ..•...•.....• 38,341 1,287,525 *NW. Fork Nanticoke Rlver.• 13,268 299,605 Charleston Harbor and chan- 2,314,250 222,881,814 ror$50,000. malntenanoo; nels,including Ashley River. For improvement, DELAWABE. $70,000. . Winyah Bay•...... ••..• : •••.. 183,746 4,'900, 821 •.Brood Creek River •...... •.. 37,141 312,845 *Waccamaw River ...•...••... 83 M8 1,203,570 ~For m.dnlerum<:e, *Little Pedee River •.•...•.... }.442 72,703 $70,000. DlS'l"RICT OF COLUMBIA.. Great Pedee River.•...... 1,758 446,956 *Santee River and Estherville- 25,376 7"11),902 Oongaree River, for •Anacostia River•...... •.... ZT7,m 19,430,232 Minim Creek Canal. l maintenance and Potomac River, at Wnshing­ 741,170 10,138,231 *Wateree River ...... •.•.•••.. improvement. ington. Congaree River ...... : ...... ··········4;324" ..... ···656;560· $80,000. *Inland waterway from 10,818 425,307 MARYLAND. Charleston to Alligator Creek. · Potomac River, at Lower Total •••• -- •••••••.•••••• 2,639,362 2.31, 358, 633 Cedar Point..•••••...... 2,698 141,400 For maintenance, 1======!======~= 1 1 $30,000. . SOUTH CAB.OLlNA, G.lWRGIA, VIRGINIA. AND FLOXIDA, \ •PotomacR!ver-tatA.lexandria. 138,660 3,121,869 Waterway from Beaufort, S.C. •Occoquan uerur..•...... 57,739 259,351 to St. Johns River, Fla: *.Aq uio. Creek ..••.•.•.....•.•. 11,424 79,020 Beaufort to Savtinnah ..... 62496 2, 712,693 215,655 11,528 Savannah to Fernandina•• 157;932 3,000,62'P' andnn.,.ovement mainte- =~~EiliuM&~~~~~-~~~-·. ·.:: :: 18,928 451,831 *Fernandina to St. Johns 58,187 263,290 t'' Norfolk Harbor and channels .. 21,712,166 2, 042,335,814 }For improvement, River. nance, 143,000. Channel to Newport News. 7,327,932 438,965, 4{)5 $900,000. Rappahannock River ...... 233,161 6,458,344 Total .....••••••..•••••• 278,615 5,976,610 Mattaponi River ...... 52,737 811,030 212,343 Fo< maintm>ance,' Pamunkey River ..•...... 47,004 ~ $15,000. GEORGIA.. *Urbana Creek ...... •... 16,527 339,861 *Miliord Haven Harbor •.•••.. 7,933 402,210 Savannah Ha.bor..•• ..•...••. 2,890,130 420,088,304 $380,000. Savannah River: Savannahmaintenance; Harbor, 1o.mes River ..•...••...... 526,468 51,899,841 ~,ooo.maintm>ance, *Above Augusta •...... •• 77,182 r·· for improvement, Nansemond River ••••...... •. 50,351 570,738 Continuing im- Below Augusta .•••••••••• 4,147,135 *Pagan River ....•...••••..••. 49,194 12,089,700 ryrovement of J·m' $500,000. Appomattox River .•••.....••. 46,600 3,318,908 ames ' River, .Brunswick Harbor••.•• ~--~- _500,911 44,675,521 For maintenance, S46,A. 10 2,.226, .858 Roanoke River .•••••.•.••.•••. :~~ St. Marys River .••.••••••••••• 100,894 1, 139,717 VIRGINIA AND NORTH CARo- FLORIDA. LINA. Waterway, Norfolk to Bean­ 158,644 4,316, 776 For improvement,. ~f~~~v~bo.r. :. . . . •. . . 161,143 2, 732,197 fort Inlet'. $100,000. . Jacksonville to the oeean.. 2,313, 446 61,022,9441 · .413,679 10,]10,650 *Opposite Jacksonville.... 1,085,434 45,141,912 For maintenance, ·~~~;;;_!y&~~.lk to North *JaCksonville to Palatka... 167,498 3,469,822 $335,000. 1======9======1 *Palatka to Lake Harney. 151.487 2,663,596 [For footnotes see end or table.] [For footnotes see end of table.] t7510 .CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-SENATE. SEPTEMBER 29,

!1.'..\.BLE III.__:_.Name and locatio" of tlte waterways and h{lt·'bors of the TABLE III.-Name ana location of the waterways and harbors of the United States, etc.-Continued. United States, etc.-Continued.

Commerce for 1915. Commerce for 1915. ~ Name and location or im· l------..,------1 A¥~f~P~~~n an~ Name and location of im· 1------:------1 Appropriation Jn provement.• provement. 1917 rivers and Freight, net Estimated luirbors bill. Freight, net Estimated harbors bill. tons. value. tons. value.

FLORIDA-{)()ntinued. LOUISLL'U. *Lake Crescent and Dunns Creek...... • • • . 19,310 . $260, 682 \For maintenance, Passes at the mouth of the 6, 536,132 $368,825, 630 For improvement Oklawaha River...... 29,393 234,786 f $335,000. Mississippi River. and maintenance, • !For maintenance, $1,825,000. Indian River...... 36,966 1, 974,239 $6,000. *Bayou La Fourche ...... 242,167 4,079,114 •s~. L_ucie Inlet ...... Miami _Har"~?<>r, Bayou Terrebonne .•....•.••.. 158,841 3,578,182 J{jam1 Harbor...... 388, 812 4, 746, 689 completmg nn· Bayou Grosstete ...... 142,344 650,808 *KeyWestHarbor...... 1,069,177 27,308,195 provement, Bayou Plaquemine Grand 738,142 8,085,899 For maintenance, . $100,000. River, and Pigeon ':Bayous. $64,000. Kissimmee River...... 73,565 1, 164,045 *Plaquemine Lock ...... 99,746 2,424,441 Caloosahatchee River...... 69,340 1, 980,014 Bayou Teche ...... 510,695 6,091,468 *Orange River...... 3, 490 143,300 *Keystone Lock, Bayou Teche. 5,106 59,401 Anclote River...... 11,269 990, 729 Waterway from the MissJs. For maintenance, •Crystal River...... 2, 141 81,430 For maintenance, $7,000. *Withlacoochee River...... 20, 789 195, 186 lll,OOO. sippi River to the Sabine Completing Mer­ *Suwanee River...... •. •• • 7, 685 139, 525 River: mentau-Sabine *CharlotteHarbor...... 347,368 2,149,358 Franklin-Mermentau Be()o ,. 4,485 2i5,094 section $230,000 *Sarasota Bay...... 8, 5M 585,088 tion. (proviaed1 local *Clearwater Harbor and Boca Mermentau-Calcasieu se()o interests con­ Ceiga Bay ...... 3,208 166,444 tion. tribute an equal 1,829,540 44,319,230 For maintenance, Calcasieu-Sabine section... H, 308 601,122 T~pa Bay ... ~ ...... *Schooner Bayou Lock...... 1,145 148,015 amount). Hillsboro Bay ...... 1,251,027 34,699,112 166~500- St. Petersburg Harbor ...... 16,486 679,623 Hillsooro Bay, for Lake Pontchartrain...... 491,364 5,172,532 *Hillsboro River ...... •• 393,077 6, 756,533 improvement, *Pass Manchac...... • .. . 37, 268 930,912 For maintenance, Manatee River ...... 41,82!:1 1,277,069 $300,000. Ch;;w;,~te River and Bogue 283, 298 1,470, 795 $4,000. *Carrabelle Bar and Harbor... . . 14,851 940,015 Lake Pontchar- 1,462,948 Tickfaw River and tributa- 42,684 438,689 tmin, complet­ Apalachicola Bay ...... 22,947 ries. ing improvement, *St. Josephs Bay..... ~- ••.•••• 3,438 48,051 St. Andrews Bay...... 130,479 3,355,902 Amite River and Bayou Man· 84, 201 1,367,075 $32,000. . Apalachicola River...... 94,418 7,802,535 chac. Atchafalaya River .... :. . . . • • . 558, 510 ~254,050 For maintenance, Chipola River...... 10,419 428 695 For maintenance, Channel from Apalachicola 775 4:588 $20,000. River to St. Andrews Bay. $77,500." •Atchafalaya Bay Ship Chan- 39,561 563,10i l-----·l-----l Apafuchicola ·and nel. 12 11 1 82 u ..,.,., 3 .IV\ Chipola Rivers, T tal 40 17 Bayou Vermilion...... • . • 21, 208 268, 954] o ...... ,15 • 1 '' •"SV\1 for improve- Mermentau River and tribu· 23,935 916, 645 GEORGIA. ment, $18,000. taries. For Improvement •Flint River ...... *Bayou des Cannes...... 7,216 65,164 and maintenance, 23,603 1,696, B:18 Bayou Plaquemine Brule..... 6, 916 69, 753· 151,000. GEORG~ AND ALABAMA.. *Bayou Queue Tortue...... 5,259 78,854 ~hattahoochee River ....•.••• <'-alcasieu River and Pass...... 695, 431 3, 687, 473 70,105 7,869,299 •Johnsons Bayou...... 2, 269 111,192 FLORIDA. r------1------=---H For maintenance, Holmes River...... 13 7fr/ 508 Tot.al.~...... •• •• . 1~ 10, 785, 454 1~ 415,687, 656 $110,000. *Blackwater River ...... •.. Sabine Pass and *Narrows in Santa Rosa Sound. :~/ll:~ !!i;~:m TEXAS. Port Arthur Ca­ u fr/1,166 1l 23:095:884 For maintenance, nal, for improve­ *Pensacola Harbor...... Sabine.Pass ...... •••.••. ~~ 6, 001,885 15 100, 524,639 ment, $300,000. $9,500. Port Arthur Canal ...... u 4,533,864 10 77, 765, 725 FLORIDA AND ALABAHA. Sabine-Neches Canal...... lo 543,157 16 4, 723,692 Choctawhatchee River .•....•• 30,466 1,019,627 •sabine River..•.. ~ ...... ••• 15 541,260 16 3, 876, 957 Escambia and Conecuh Rivers. 85,000 850,000 *Neches River .•••.•...•..•••• u 295,985 15 I, 843,407

LOuisiANA • .!LAB AHA. 46,440,771 {For maintenance, *Boeuf River...... 115,390 11571,036 Mobile Harbor...... 1,579,804 lin d improve- *Tensas River and Bayou Ma­ 112,802 u 71,699 *Mobile Bar...... 976,286 29,154, 70i ment, $llO,OOO. con. Channel connecting Mobile ~. 744 998,947 For maintenance, •Bayous D'Arbonne and Cor· 1125,031 11 830,555 Bay and Mississippi Sound. $5,000. ney . . *Black Warrior and TombJg. 466,812 4,004,241 bee Rivers. AltKANSAS AND LOUISIANA. For maintenance, Alabama River...... • • • • • . 76, 417 3,83l,OM $65,000. Red River, below Fulton ...... J7 27,325 171,895,867 ~------1·------1 im- Ouachita and Black Rivers .•. 11 97,451 112,108,146 Total...... ~ . . • • • • • • 3, 182, 063 84,429,727 r•ntinuingrcrovement and or maintenance, •Bayou Bartholomew ....•••.. 171,150 17 2,675 ALABAMA AND GEORGIA. $50,000. ARKANSAS. *~oosa River...... 49,074 1,955, 737 ALABAMA AND MISSISSIPPI. •Saline River ...... t7 2,550 1718,750

{['ombigbee River: ARKANSAS AND TEXAS. Frlls~ mouth to Demopo- 200,092 3,060,052 For maintenance, $30,000. *Red River above Fulton..... 1, 264 4, 280 } Demopolis to Walkers 34,233 461,752 For maintenance, *Sulphur River...... • . . . • . • • • • • • • • . . . • • • • • . . • • • • • ...... For maintenance; Bridge. $10,000. MISSlSSIPl'l. 1======1======1 LOUISIANA AND TEXAS. $5,000. CypressBayouand Waterway 11,444 641,361 Pascagoula Harbor and chan· 102,851 910,570 For improvement nels. and mainte- from Jefferson, Tex., to nance, $113,000. Shreveport. *Leaf River ...... 114,600 401,200 *Chickasahay River ...... •••. 71,800 168,500 TEXAS. Pascagoula River ...... : ...••. 123,690 601,050 *WoUand Jordan Rivers ...... 3G,656 1,065,005 GalvestonHarbor...... 6,231,575 575,170,302 ) ' For maintenance, Galveston Channel...... 5, 336,889 510, 7«, 587 For maintenance, *Pearl River...... 30,650 155,048 $10,000. East Pearl River ...... ••.. 85,162 706,775 ) Texas City Channel...... • • • . 309,789 41, 468, 434 $480' 000 *Biloxi Harbor ...... 54,512 573,917 Port Bolivar Channel...... 1.82, 450 7, 559,765 ' • Guliport Harbor and Ship 490,079 5,470,303 For improvement E;ouston Ship Channel...... 1,656, 347 31,406,916 Island Pass. and mainte- Anahuac Channel...... 21, 128 510,0 21 nance, SBO,OOO. Double Bayou...... 5, 853 316,792 Yazoo River...... 84,858 3, 183,603 *MouthofTrinityRiver...... 5,337 171,263 • Tallahatchie and Coldwater 59,439 2,311,489 Turtle Bayou...... 15,791 338, 819 · Rivers. Cedar Bayou...... 96,310 1, 339,400 For maintenance, Big·Sunllower River...... 57,410 1,694,683 For maintenance, Clear Creek...... 8, 570 26, 898 $33,300. *Tchula Lake...... • . 744 35, 902 $20,000. *Dickinson Bayou...... 1,391 3,474 •steele and Washington Ba- 2, 286 42,781 Chocolate Bayou ...... •• · • · ... · ••••• ••· · · .. · · · ·1 yous and Lake Washington. *Bastrop Bayou...... 5, 730 219,789 •Bear Creek...... : ...... ____2_,_850 ______24_, 6_28_ ~K:i~~~~:::::::::::::::::: ········i20;389" ······a;053;072"\ For improvement 1 1 1 and maintenance; Total...... 1,317,587 17,346,054 $100,000. [For footpotes see end of table.) [For footnotes see end of table.] 1917 . .. L • eONGRESSIONAL llECORil-SENATE~ ~5I:l

TABLE III.-Nan~ and locatfon of t1le watencavs and hat'bOt"8 or the· ' TABLE TU.-:.\Tame and · locatlo~ or the watertCIJ1/8 ancl harbors of the UJJ.it£4 .StD.te~ • .e.to.-:Contin.ued. ·1 Urli.tecl Etates, .etn~-Cnntlnued. ColiUllerOO foJ 1915. 1 Commerce for 1915. Nama and location of im­ 1-~------,,-----'--1 AY~P~~!~ an~ l Name and location of im· 1------,,------l A-Y8f~P~f~~i~n an~ proveme]1.t. Freight, net · Estimated harbors bill. ' pr-ovement. Freight, net · Estimated harbors bill. tons. value. tons. value.

TEXAS-continued. YISSOURL Osage River ...... •.• : •.••••••• Inland Waterway from Gal­ I e 22,083 1330 999 lFor. improvement veston to Corpus Christi: Gasconade River ..••.•.••••••• 22,037 340• 876 ~mdmain.tenance, West Galveston to Br!lzos , $20,000. River. IU..NS~. Brazos River to Matagorda 9,064 11,054,150 Bay. Kansas River ...... , ..•.••••••••• ~ .....••.••••••••••. New project. · For Pass Cavallo to Aransas 3,032 1~1,356 FOI' m.ahltena.noe, improvement, Pass. !90,000. 110,000, provided ~~'Guadalupe River to Vic­ 63,110 36,040 local interest:~ toria. contributa Aransas Pass to Corpus 26,803 2,479,358 $70,000. ChristL PENNSYL VANU. ~a.nnel !rom Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca. Freeport Harbor .•••••••...•.. 1-49,S35 5, 746,466 For malntenanoe, *All~~~l-~~:~ •.•••••.. ~. .278,870 %Z7,434 .$66,000; !or im~ Below Natrona••.•••••••.. 1,899,654 provement, 4

INT.EltfnA'fE RIVERS. n:ENTUCKT. Mississippi River: •Kentucky River .•...••.••.•. 208,766 ..2,634,328 *.Reservoirs at headwaters.. -•• - ••....••.... -••• -....•. -.. ·rll'or ma.I'ntenance, *Green and Barren Rlvers •••• 189,972 4,125,972 . Mississippi and Leech ~. 000 916, 000 S2,000. *Rough River...... ··-·· .. ·-· .12,.D04 l39,2M Rivers, Minn. Improv.ement of Bralnerd to Gn.nd RapidsJ Z66, 700 1, 473,000 Mississippi and . M.inn. • Lee~h Bivers, *French Broad and Little 8,866 3.22,686 $50,()()(J. .•. ' Pigeon Rivers. Minneapolis to Missouri lt 1, 883, 668 52, 785, 118 For maintenance *Clinch River . . ...••.•....•... 5,291 53,910 River. and improve­ Missouri Rivor to Ohio ment, $1,200,000. TENNESSEE AND KElff'O'CitY. River: Freight traffic...... •. 258,501 14 013 520 Cumberland River: Ferry traffic ...... 4,107,957 39,• 043,344• )Forand mainterumca improv6- Above Nashville...... :. '266,639 · -t; 317,061 For m.af.ntelumce, Sand barged ...... 592,788 L16,465 $5,000. Government materials 12M, 119 212,615 ment, $350,000. Below Nashville ..•••• : .. . 126,949 2, 172,058 For improvement, *Cairo to Memphis ..•..•.. 2,193,026 Not reported. Note.-AP.propria· $632,000. *.Memphis to Vicksburg- .. 2,198,814 . .•.. do...... tions lor the TENNESSEE, ALABAMA, A."'> KENTUCKY, •Vicksburg to New Orleans 2, 712,022 .•.•• do...... ~!~o~~J>J>r! Ten.uessee Rlver: the sundry civil Above Ch ttanooga. • • . . . . -402, 622 3, 403, 995] bill. *Hales Bar Look...... 15, 685 866, 046 Missouri Ri\'er: Hales Bar to Browns Is- 111,328 9,311,081 For maintenance Fort Benton to Sioi.IX City. 17,976 642,090 For maintenance, land. and improve- $50,000. *Brownslsland toFlorinoo 7, 982 686,096 ment, 1401,000. Sioux City to Kansas City. 101,822 55,774 For maintenance, *Colbert Shoals CanaL.... 3.2, 271 3a2, 150 $35,000. Below Riverton...... 471. 006 5, 62-1, 90S KanJ;as City to the mouth. 21614il0 7,516,373 For improvement and maintenance 1======1======! 11,000,000. 'fim GBE.AT LAKES. Ohio River: Lake Superior: 50,906,170 Through locks and npon 71346,:158 }For improvement, *Grand Marais Harbor, 4,298 m,949 river. $5,000,000. Minn. Ferry tra:ffi.o .••...... 1,926,826 137,604, 744 Agato Bay Harbo~.~..:wnn .. 9,963,107 22,516,664 Duluth-Superior .t1e.rbor, 40,494,672 368, 802, 154 ¥INNESOT.A. Minn. and Wis. For ma.interumoe; *Port Wing Harbor, Wis. 1,432 78,041 $175,000. *1dlnnesota River ...... •.••••...... Ashland Harbor, WtS ..•.. 6,534.410 15,378,873 Ashland Harbor; Warroad Harbor and River... 12,290 373, 120 Ontonagon Harbor, Mi.ch. 4,007 395,748 completing im· Zippelllay,L~keofU>.eWoods 775 81,500 Keoweenaw Waterway, 2,462,929 u.o, 414,125 p r o v e me n .t. Mich. $10,000. :WNlliESOTA AND NOR'l'll *Harbor of Refuge, Mar· .2,419,G56 5,620,005 DAKOTA.. quette Bay, Mich. *Marquette Harbor, Mich. 1,470,233 - 5,047,197 •Red River of the North ...... "125 10,000 For maintenance, Harbor of Refuge, Grand 710 115,700 $3,00(). Marais, Mich. -" MINNESOTA. AND SOU'l'H DA.KOT<\, Total. ...•..•••...... 63~356,154 528, 596, 456 Ship channel between Chi­ •Lake TrllVCl'S6 ...... :w,ooo 307,423 cago Duluth and Builalo: *Si. MarysRiver...... 71,290,304 882,263,141 }For maintenance; lf.INNESOTA AND Wl".SCONBIN. .~Ee~~~l~;~r?~.:::::: ~;m:~~ 1 ,g~;~;~~~ $1ss,ooo. •st. CroL~ River..•..•.•.•••... 7,172 14~,000 1======1======1 Lake Michigan: ILLINOIS. • *Manistique Harbor, Mich. 293,513 3 713 788 } •Menominee Harbor and 417,217 8;ass;773 For maintenance; *Galena River...... 6,762 33,810 River, Mich. and Wis. $52,100. "'lltlnois a.nd Mississippi Canal. 82, 276 96, 828 *Oconto Harbor. Wis...... 3,400 169,330 [For footnotes see end of table.] [For footnotes see end of table.] l7512 CONGRESSIONAL --RECORD-SENATE .. SEPTEl\IBER 29,

TABLE III.-Name and. Zocation of the watertoays ancJ 1iar)ors ot the TABLE III.-Xame and location of tlze toater·ways and harbors of ths United States, etc.-Continued. United States, etc• .:._Continued.

Commerce for 1915. Commerce for 1915. Name and location of im· 1------~------l AYff~P~!~~an~ Name and location of im· Appropriation in provement. provement. 1917 rivers and Freight, :r;tet Estimated harbors bill. Freight, net Estimated harbors bilL tons. value. tons. value. r.------1------i------I·------'IiiE GREAT LAKEs-contd. CA.LIFOJtNU.. San Diego Harbor..•...••••••• 550,848 $55, 302, 880 Lake Michi~n-Continued. For maintenance, *Green Bay Harbor, Wis •• 821,106 $8,381,00 $20,000; For im­ *!Jspere Harbor, Wis ..••.. 34 068 154.536 provement, Sturgeon Hay and Lake 539;695 11,956,223 $154,000. Michigan Ship Canal. Los Angeles Harbor...... ••••• !,948,034 88,651,408 For mairiteilance, *Algoma Harbor, Wis..... 16,330 777,221 $25,000. For im, •Kewaunee Harbor, Wis .. 196,915 8,468,525 provement· Two Rivers Harbor, Wis •. 47, 8f!1 198,596 $50,000. Manitowoc Harbor, Wis ... 1,586,808 58,507,281 For maintenance; •san Luis Obispo Harbor ••••• 1,815,233 12,150,432 SheboyganHarbor, Wis.•• 665,502 9,592,218 ~52,100. . For maintenance, *Port Washington Harbor, 19,560 349,277 $287,500. Oak­ Wis. land Harbor, Milwaukee Harbor, Wis.•. 8,119,875 150,348,921 continuing im­ *Racine Harbor, Wis ..•••. 247,441 7,000, 797 *San Francisco Harbor...... 9,917,595 831,164.,6-46 provement, Kenosha Harbor, Wis .• : •. 73,268 7,950,8.59 *RedwoodCreek ..•....•••:.... 41,827 1,998,459 $92,000. R i c h· *Waukegan Harbor, Wis.. 229,316 4,477,635 Oakland Harbor...... 2, 876,412 411,634,249 mond Harbor *FoxRiver, Wis ...... •.. 149,872 815,659 Richmond Harbor ...•••••••••.••••••...... •...••...... (new project),for San Pablo Bay...... 4,293,517 103,795,779 improvement, Chicago Harbor and River, 3,259,170 241, 530, 509 4.lare Island Strait...••.••••••.•••••.••...... •..•••••••..•..•.. 1100,000. Hum­ Ill. . *Suisun Channel. •..•....•. v . 55,699 751,819 boldt Harbor For maintenan~ *PetalumaCreek...... 895,311 17,571,314 and Bay, con· lllinois River, Ill...... 239,677 3,702,832 $115 000. Calumet Harbor, Ill., and 6,968,660 135, 960, 965 *Napa River...... 90,180 3,991, 929 tlnuing improve­ Indiana H a r bor, *Monterey Harbor...... • • . 519, 379 2, 944,278 Calumet River, Ill. and completing im· mentL. $190~. Ind. Humboldt Harbor and Bay... 599,255 26,572,238 San rablo .Hay p_rov ement and Mare Island Indiana Harbor, Ind ...••. 2,001,374 14, 191,028 $395,200. *.Michigan City Harbor, 15,370 223,548 Strait, for im· lnd. prove ment, $330,000. st. Joseph Harbor and 104, 192 4, 975,736 Sacramento and Feather 766,935 88,027,7031 River Mich. ~~ . For maintenance, *San Joaquin River, includ· 831,234 36,358,240 For maintenance~ SouthHavenHarbor,Mich. 27,435 1,818,645 $112 050. Yanis· *Saugatuck Harbor and 31,491 672,035 StocktonandMormonChan· 131,000. tee Harbor, con­ nels. Kalamazoo River Mich. tinuing improve­ Holland Harbor, Mich..... 30,426 4,264,538 Mokelumne River...... 88,624 4, 033,698 Grand Haven Harbor, 663,229 49,489,697 ment, 128,700. 1------1------1 Mich. TotaL...... 25,290,083 1,634,949,072 *Grand River, Mich...... 55,143 117, 034 !======I======I :M:uskegonHarbor,Mich... 115,035 8,244,279 . White Lake Harbor :M.ich. 10,071 335,941 *Coquille River...... '1.44, 916 3, 329,770 'Ludington Harbor, Mlch.. 1, 781,329 57,159,037 For maintenance, Coos Bay and Harbor...... 448, 447 7, 507, 564 For maintenance; 'ManisteeHarbo&_Mich.... 90,&2 1, SS.,157 S112ffi0. Manis­ Coos River...... 89,121 2, 485,573 $34L.OOO. •Portage Lake Harbor of 2,041 265,175 tee tlarbor, con­ Siuslaw River...... 6, 757 442,060 Coos .tsay Bar, coil· Refu~e. . tinuing improve­ YaquinaRiver.... • ...... 8,452 88,256 tinning improve­ •Arcadia Harbor, Mich.... 10,983 163,239 ment, $28,700. TillamookBayandBar...... 9,710 1,371,000 men t $70,000. Frankfort Harbor, Mich... 718,899 21,806,293 •Nehalem River...... 23,643 309,885 Charlevoix Harbor~~iich.. 172,052 1,574,763 1------1·------1 *Pet.oskey Harbor,.111ich... 1, 291 192,921 TotaL . • • . . . . . • • • • • • • • • • se 8, 572,759 10 141,038,854 *Pentwater Harbor, Mich . _____6,_06_1_ ___.;... ·· _184_,_29_~_ !======I======I 1 1 1 OREGON, WASBINGTON, .U."D Total. .••••...... •••••• 29,766,554 830,004,346 IDAHO. LakeHuron: l======t======l Snake River...... 41,817 1~347,937 *Mackinac Harbor, Mich.. 17,217 1,482,605 *Cheboy·ga.nHarbor,Mlch. 139,268 1,368,913 OREGON AND WASHINGTON. · *RogersCityHarborhMich. 9,415 334,450 Columbia River: . For maintenance, t~e!l3~~~~~r~ch·.:::: l,~~:~ r:~~:~ For maintenance, Har~ Beach, Harbor of 18,645 359,908 S13,500. Harbor ~~il:S~J1o~~~t"

TABLE III.-Name ond location of the wate1'ways and harbors of the ·come to understand as a pork-barrel system. I am not impugn­ United States, etc.;-Continued. ing the motives of any man or the hon-esty of any man or claim­ ing any higher citizenship thun any other man. I belie\e the Commerce for 1915. system is wrong, outrageously wrong, and results in a robbery (.... -----,------! Appropriation in Name nnd location of im­ 1917 rivers and of the Public Treasury for local benefit. provement. Freight, net Estimated harbors bill. The Senator seems to think that I am imputing wrong to tons. value. Members of Congress because I referred in that article to that fact as I view it. It is something that has grown up in th~ ALASKA. country. We have bills here for public buildings-one that passed the House at the last session but did not come out Apoon mouth of Yukon River ...... Completing im- ot pr.ovement, the committee in the Senate-that actually contained appro­ $45,000. priations for building in towns of less than 700 ·population. Nome Harbor.~ ...... : ...... Completing im- provement, Perhaps some people can justify that. I do not see how it $105,000. can be justified. We had presented here, if the 'term could be HAW All. For maintenance, used, a pork-barrel fish-hatchery bill as a war measure, because $10,000. Honolulu Harbor .•...... 1,680,256 $90, 775, 709 Honolulu Harbor, the meat supply was short, and we needed fish iJ?. order to carry Kahului Harbor ...... •...... 254,975 18,311,484 for improvement, on the war, and consequently it was very essential to have a Hilo Harbor; ..•...... •. 428,417 29,11», 940 $50,000. fish hatchery in the district of nea~ly every member of the com­ (.... ------· 1 ------~1 Hilo Harbor, for TotaL ...... ••..... 2,363,648 138, 282, 133 imp r· o vement, mittee dealing with that subject. That is what I mean by the $150,000. growth of the_pork barrel. _ PORTO RICO. The Senator says that I charge, in the article to which he has San Juan Harbor ...... For mainteBaUce, "541,422 ·~ 45, 782, 661 s1o,ooo. referred, that at least one-half of the $900,000,000 appropriated For unprovement, for rivers and harbors is wasted.· I do, and I charge it now. $400,000. He said that I found no objection to the harbor appropriations, NOTE.-Of the to­ tal cost of im­ and consequently, the river appropriations being ~ little more provement the than half of the $900,000,000, that I was· in the position of ob­ Government of jecting to all river appropriations, but no harbor appropriations. Porto Rico is to< pay $600,000 in There is no doubt in the world that money has oeen wasted in annual install­ every branch of governmental activity. There is no doubt that ments of $50,000. money has been wasted on harbors, perhaps as much as on rivers, though I doubt if there has been as much money wasted on har~ lValue of 1,969,025 t-ons not obtainable. . . bors as on rivers ; and the Senator insinuates, because no ob­ 2 Foreign commerce only; domestic arrivals and clearances 21,230, gross tonnage jection has been made to harbors, that consequently those who 251771,018. Average receipts of coal, 1913-19~ over 7,500,000 net tons. • Includes 7,500,000 tons of coal for Boston .t:tarbor. fight the river and harbor bill are, in fact, helping the ·railroads. 'Included in totals for New York Bay and Harbor. ·That is the old argument used when anyone fights this waste. & Not including New York Bay and Harbor or Lake Ontario harboi.-s: • Foreign commerce only. I have not been an opponent of river and harbor legislation. 7 Includes East Chester and Westchester Creeks !j.Dd Bronx River, which are also That is not the thing to which some of us have been objecting. within the city limits of New York, but are separately grouped lri the rivers and barbors bill. We have been objecting to the waste in the bill, which ·has gone a These figures represent, not the separate tons of freight handled in New York into the millions, and everybody knows it, and no charges of. Harbor and their value, but the totals of the tonnage and value reported for the attempting to serve the railroads in this matter will, I think, de­ . different channels. From the best information obtainable it appears that the total traffic amounted to about 115,000,000 tons, with a value of $8,000,000,000.· ter for one instant the gentlemen whb honestly believe the river 9 For 1914. and harbor bill has grown to be a scandalous pork barrel from 10 Included in North Carolina totals below. making their criticisms of it here and in other places. 11 Includes two North Carolina items above. u Includes 4 Florida items below. The result, at least, of the fight against the system under UJncluded in Florida total above. which river and harbor bills have been built up was apparent in u Includes three Louisiana items below. the last bill, in which the Congress adopted a commission. Out 16 Included in Texas total below. u Included in Louisiana total above. of that commission I am sure will come better results, coOt·din~­ 17 For fiscal year. - tion between the different activities of the Government, and. less 1s Includes 5 Texas items above. of waste and extravagance. I think that provision of the bill will u Includes 628 075 tons Government materials. 20Jncludes Columbia and Willamette Rivers below Portland and 4 Oregon items receive the sanction· of the people of the country. below. 1\fr. President, I did not mean to engage in any particular re 21 Included in totals for Oregon given above. 22Jncluded in totals for Oregon given above. . marks on this subject. Nothing ever comes up about the river 2•covers only those tributaries for which no separate reports are made. and harbor bill but that the distinguished Senator from Louisi ~Fiscal year. · ana engages in an explosion. There was nothing, as I under­ M ucellaneous. stood it, in this article reflecting in any way upon Members of in Examinations.,_surveys, and contingencieS------$200, 000 Congress. I do not believe doing that. I would not do that Expenses of "" aterways Commission______100, 000 I do believe, however, that the system of appropriations that Survey of Minnesota-N. and Dakota-S. Dakota flood-control has grown up ought to be stopped, that there was no justifica. project------25,000 Expenses of purchase or condemnation of Cape Cod CanaL___ 5, 000 tion for many of the items in the last rive~· and harbor bill, Expenses of purchase or condemnation of Chesapeake and Del- and especially no justification at a time when this country is aware Canal------5,~00 engaged in war, and we are to expend, as the chairman of the Removing water hyacinths fro!ll navigable waters of Florida__ 10, 000 Removing water hyacinths, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Appropriations Committee in,dicated a few days ago, at least and Texas------20,000 $20,000,000,000 and perhaps $50,000,000,000 before this year has gone by. While items of a few million dollars seem inconse Mr. KENYON. lUr. President, I accept with fortitude, as quential, and it almost seems a breach of senatorial courtesy much as I can summon, the castigation of the distinguished to talk about them, yet the appropriations of this Congress Senator from Louisiana [Mr. RANSDELL]. I only regret that should have been, and I hope they have been, scanned closely he did not deliver it at a time when a larger proportion of the and every dollar of waste, if such a thing is possible, cut out of Senate was present; but the usual result of any river and har­ them. That will face us more and more as the Congresses bor discussion is apparent, in that practically all of the Senators go on. have left the Chamber, and the desks, being screwed down, are The American people are perfectly willing to spend eyer~ not able to do so. dollar necessary to carry this war to a successful conclusion. -I I suppose it is perhaps an unwise thing for a Member of Con­ think they have a right to participate in the knowledge of ·how press to be Interviewed about questions in Congress. I have that money is spent, unless it be in some secret military matters always had some little doubt about the wisdom of that. I have that none of us would insist on knowing about; and they have felt such an interest in the river and harbor bill that I did'give a right to insist, also, that all waste and .extravagance in ex the interview to which reference has been made, I suppose penditures stop, and that the public money be spent like private substantially as the Senator has related it here. There may be money, and that a public dollar bring to the Government just some errors in the figures. Not being an officer of any society what a private dollar would bring. having the use of experts, or funds to gather figures, I bad to I regret if I have ln any way offended my good friend from get my own figures; but as to the general statements of the in­ the State of Louisiana. I said in the article that in my judg terview I have no apologies to make, and no retractions. , . ment the river and harbor bill was a pork-barrel measure. I Near1y everybody knows, e\en if the Senator from -Louisiana repeat it now. I shall say it wh~never I feel like saying it uoes not, that both the river and harbor bill and the public­ and I have said nothing about it equal to what the Senator buildings bill haYe grown out of a system that the country has from South Carolina· [Yr. TILLMAN] said about rl\er aml har CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~SENATE, SEPTEMBEB 29,

' bor appropriations upon_ tliis :flour. r suppose IJ:e. meant the1 tlie rivem furve been:: taken care of in most of' the States· of the wastefuJ1 ones. I will nob. repeat· hi.s language. · rt is in tbe· @:anuy. probably can be- attributed the- rensen why- we- beau REcORD, and has oeerr. refenreti to• a good many times: Jl slian so mu& talk about its be.ing york-barrellegi.slation. Wherever not desist in my candemnatib:rr of' tli-e- wfiSte.' in river and ha~· rive·s and. hanbors have been developed and improved the repre­ bor bills. sentatives. of those eommunities are no longer interested in the Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. President-- subject. For instlmce,. take Florlrla, where we have numerous The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. l""oNEs ot' Wasllington in navigable streams to be connected up with lakes and rivers and the chai'r). The Senator from Florida will suspend for a witli the ocean and with the Gulf that have not been improved mement The- Irour of 2' o~lock liavin~ arrived .the Chair lays in the past. Representatives and Senators in other parts of the before tire" Senate- the· unfinished business, which wilT be. stated~ country; where the rivers and harbors have been improved to · The SECRETA:RY. A bill (H. R. 231"6:) ' to promote export trade.­ the. very limit are no Jongen interested in the subject, and they .and for· other purposes. can not: ag_ree. that Florida should be treated in accordance with M:r. FLETCHEJR. Mr. President,. permit me to say· thla the pglfcy wJlich has ontained in tile cotmtry for 50 years in mueh in reference to wliat- the· Senator· from Iowa. [Mr. KEN­ pursuanee or which their rivers and harbors hav.e been taken YON] has sai~~ The Incidental remark- mad~ by the· Sen.ato:r car~ of by tlie Government, as they ought to have been. They from South Carolin:r [Mr: Trr.l::MA.N] has: been animadverted1 on are done· with the subject, and to them it is· a waste when it a numher of times here. It- was made some xears a:go and he eom-es to improving- the rivet:S" and harbment- and· that sort of Semrto:r :ftom rowa will look at the projects under investigation thing-and having them lie. idle.· for a period of time=until all'­ the number that have been rejected and the number of project~ other bill could' be passecL suggested for the engineers to look into and report upon, he will Another feature in connection witlt the legj.sla.tion was th-e find' they have been diminishing year after year; that there are absolute. necesSity of the improvement- of certain harbors comparatively few projectS' nuw in- the· cou:ntry- where surveys whereby access eouid be got: to· rraYY. yftrds.. are asked at all, and accordi.ng to tlie proportion surv~s have .Another f-eat ure was to ta:ke.' cam of necessary-projects whicli. been reported oil! adversely; by the engineers there will be but were req-uired :for.- the transportation business- of the co.nn~ a small number of rivers tfult will b& :reported on fa.vorably- by There· was. no war-'emergency,: more iinportant- than the enact­ the enginee:rs in the due· course of thfngs. under the nres.ent sys­ ment' of: that legislation: as recommenden fiy. tlie Secret:aly of tem, and only tlwse that are reported on fmrorabl'y.· wm be pro­ War and' by the. Chief of Engineers and a:s· reported- by bo.th vided for: lJy Congress. I think we ha-ve nem:ly reached: the end committees of Congress. of river and harbor bills such as we have oeen having in: the It is just sncfi articles m: interviews as tiie Senator bas die­ past, because we nave pretty. nearly.· ta:Jtell' care of the rivers that tatoo, just srrch comment as the Senator makes- in denouncing are WQrtliy of improvement and th.e li.m:b.ors up to the deri:umga river and harbor legislation as. nork-barrei legislation, that of tlie coUJlt.ry. LateJ:> on. we may need to deepen same of the are· responsible for the prejudic.e- against river and harbor harbors. Where, for instance, they are 30 feet to-da:y the- neces­ legLcslatlon and· the poison fu the public mind on this· subject t

Mr. President, that bill was signed by President Wllson, ~ The PRESIDJNG OFFICER Is there objection to the 1·e­ although it had, according to the Engineers Department, a -quest of the Senator from Ohio? . total of 1! per cent of doubtful wisdom 1n it. At that time, Mr. CALDER.. Before that is determined I should like to · let me repeat, the President was a candidate for reelection. say that I hope the Senator from Ohio will at the first favor­ His political opponents were justly looking into every cause to able opportunity press his bill to a vote. It is a very impor­ be brought against him. The President examined that bill with tant measure. In my judgment there has been no bill before care; his Secretary of War examined it with care; his Chief of this body dealing with the business of the country beyond its Engineers examined it with care, and they found it a good · borders more important than the measure under consideratioB measure. here. The bill which passed a few weeks ago, the bill which was Mr. POMERENE. I agree with the estimate of the bill just criticised by the Senatot: from· Iowa, indicating that $10,000,000 given by the Senator from New York. The manufacturers and out· of $28,000,000 might very well have been left out of the the commercial men of the entire United States are interested bill, was a much more conservative bill than the bill of 1916. in it. It affects our foreign business, and our foreign business Had it been examined with a fine-tooth comb, sir, you could not only. The policy that we can pursue with respect .to the for,. have found anything like 1} per cent therein about which there eign business, if we are to get our portion of it, must be very was even any kind of doubt. It was as good a bill as could have different from that which we adopt in our domestic business. possibly been framed. Yet that is subjected to criticism. There is no desire to repeal or modify the Sherman anti­ Mr. President, unfortunately a great many people in this coun­ trust law or any other antitrust law, save and except, possibly, try speak of river and harbor legislation as being pork barrel, as it may be believed to relate to our· foreign business. and I insist, sir, that tliat prejudice is due to just such state­ In the foreign countries to-day the merchants and manufac­ ments as the Senator from Iowa has published in this recent turers and business men generally are allowed to combine to -issue of the New York Times. go out and seek the foreign trade, and they do combine for that Mr. KENYON. Just a word, Mr. President. purpose. If we are to meet them upon a fair basis of competi­ I agree with the Senator from Louisiana [1\Ir. RANSDELL] 1n tion, we must place in the hands of our business men the same llis commendation of the President, and having that great methods which the business men of other nations use in seek­ regard and confidence which I have in the President, I otrered ing foreign trade. at the time the river and harbor bill was before us this as an The only question which presents itself to Congress is this: additional section.· I want to put it in the RECORD, and also the Do you want to extend America's foreign business or do you vote upon it. not? Do you or do ron not want American business men to SEc. -. That no appropriation contained in this bill shall be avail­ have the same advantages that the business men of other na­ able if the Presid~nt of the United States, on or before September 1, tions have? If Senators do, they will favor this bill. If they 1917, shall file a statement with the Secretary of War that such par· ticular project for which said appropriation is made is not one of a do not, they will Ol'Pose it. - · public necessity. I may say to the Senator from New _York that I have been The President has no right under the Constitution to veto _somewhat ·chagrined, because I have con.cluded, after an inves­ items in an appropriation bill. '.Fhis gave him the power, if tigation, that it would be next to impossible to pass the bill at there was any particular appropriation in the bill that was not this session. If the opportunity presents itself during the ses­ of a public necessity, to end it. Now, with the great confidence sion, I shall urge it to a speedy conclusion. If it is not reached :which the Senator from Louisiana has in the President, how did and finally voted upon at this session, it is my purpose to in­ he vote on that question? Among the " nays , is recorded the sist upon the Senate taking action upon it at the very begin- Senator from Louisiana. Among the " yeas " is recorded my­ ning of the next session. _ self, the object of the Senator's wrath. I submit the full vote, Mr. CALDER. If the Senator will permit me, I should like to say to him that I shall aid him in every way in JllY power, as follows: for I consider it to be a very meritorious measure.. Particularly The result was announced-yeas 26, nays 36, as follows : if from any cause the war should end, we would be up against YEAS--26. a competition that could not be measured. It is serious indeed ·Ashurst Harding Norris Sutherland to contemplate that situation. Borah Hollis Page Thompson Brady Kenyon Pomerene Tillman Mr. POMERENE. The Senator is quite right. Calder King Sbafroth Warren The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is . there objection to the re­ Cummins La Follette Sheppard VVatson quest of the Senator from Ohio that the unfinished business be France McNary Smoot Gore New Sterling .tempo-rarily laid aside? l\Ir. BUSTING. Inasmuch as the blll now before the Senate NAYS--36. is an important bill, and there seems to be a sentiment that it Bankhead Jones, N. Me:x. Poindexter Smith, Md. Beckham Jones, VVash. Ransdell Smith, Mich. ought to be acted upon, without expressing any opinion of my Brandegee Kirby Reed Smith, S.C. own .one way or the other upon it, in view of the fact that I am Chamberlain Lodge Robinson Stone opposed to having the bill lai

1\Ir. McNARY. I desire to announce the unayoldable absence COU.ECTOBS OF CUSTOMS. of my colleague, the senior Senator trom Oregon [Mr. CB:AXBER­ Zach L. Cobb, o1 El Paso, Tex..., to be collector of customs for LA.IN] , on nceount of illness. eu toms collection district No. 24, with headquarters at El Paso, 1\!r. CURTIS. I wish to announce the unavoidable absence TeX. (Reappointment.) 1lf the senior Senator from New Hampshin> [Mr. GALLINGER]. Tllomas A. Colemnn, of San Antoniot Tex., to be collector of I Will let this announcement stand for the present. · (!UStoms for customs collection district No. 23, With headquarters Mr. SHAFROTH. l desire to announce the unavoidable ab· at San Antonio, Tex. ~ene~ .of my colleague [Mr. 'THOMAs] on account ot illness, and CoAST GUARD. to state that he is paired with the senior Senator from North Dakota [Mr. McCmrnn]. I · let this announcement stand Cadet George Walton McKean, to be third lieutenant in the will Coast Guard of the United States, to take effect from date of for the oay. . oath. Mr. RUSTING. I announce the "'::m.void.al)le abSence of the Cadet Andrew Clem-ent Mandeville, to be third lieutenant in senior Senator from Kansas Il\Ir. TiroYPsoN], and the abseiU!e the Coast Guard of the United States, to take effect from date of the junior Senator from Kentucky {Mr. BECKHAM] on.:account 1lf oath. of mness in his family. · The PRESIDING OFFICER. Twenty-two Senators have an­ Cadet John Trebes, j'r., to be third lieutenant in the Coast swered to their names. There is not a quorum present. Guard of the United S e.tes, to take effect from date of oath. Mr. SWANSON. I move that the Senate adjourn. PUBLIC ilEA.LTH SERVIcE. The motlon was agreed to; a'nd (at 2 o'clock and 30 minntes Asst. Surg. Josepa Bolten to be passed assistant surgeon in p. m), the Senate adjourned until Monday, October 1, 1917, at the Public Health Service., to rank as such from July 26, 1917. 12 o'cloek meridian. Asst. Surg. Harry C. Cody, to be passed assistant surgeon in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from July 28, 1917. • NOMINATIONS. Asst. Surg. Robert 0. Derivaux to be passed assistant surgeon E~recutive ft01nAmntions received lJy the Senate Septenlber 29~ in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from July 28, 1917. 191"1. .Asst. Surg. James 13. Laughlin to be passed assistant surgeon in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from July 21, 1917. MEMBER O"F UNITED STATES. SHIPPING BOARD. .Asst Surg. Tully J. Liddell to be p-assed assistant surgeon in Charles R. Page, of CaU.fornbt, to be a member ot the United the Public Health Service, to rank as such from July 28, 1917. States Shipping Board for tbe term expiring January 18, 1919, Asst. Surg. \Valter L. Treadway to be passed assistant surgeon vice Theodore Brent, resigned. in the Pnblle Health Service, to rank as such from July 28, 191'T. Asst. Surg. Harry 1\I. Thometz to be passed assistant surgeon MEMBERS OF INTERSTATE Co'Mll.ERCE CoMMISSION. in_the PubUc Health Service, to rank as such from July 23, 1917. The following-named persons to be members of th-e Interstate 'l'he above-named officers have served the required time in Commerce Commission : - their present grade and have passed the necessary examinations Robert W. Woolley, of Vir.ginia, forthe term expiring Decem­ for promotion. -ber 31 19ZO. vice Judson C. Clements, deceased. Dr. Walter Charles Allen to J>e assistant surgeon in the Pub· Clyde B. .Aitchison, of 'Oregon, for the 'term -eXpiring Decem- lie Health Service, to take effect from date of oath. ber 31, 1921. (New office.) · Dr. Lynne Araunah Fullerton to be assistant surgeon 1n the George W. Anderson, of Boston, Mass., for the term -expiring Public Health Service, to take effect from date of oath. December 31, 1922. (New office.) APPOINn.tENT IN TBE NATIONAL ARMY. AGENT AND CoNSUL -GENDAL. GENEkAL OFFICER. Hampson Gary, of Texas, mnv an Assistant .Solicitor in the To be brigadie·r general with rank from August 5, 1911. Department of State, to 'be agent and consul general of th~ Brig. Gen. Randolph A. Richards, Wisconsin Nationnl Guard. United States of America at Cairo, Egypt. NoTE.-The above-named officer was nominated to the Senate for said appointment under the n:ame Randolph W. Richards Am IN COAST AND GEODETltl SURVEY. on August 15, 1917, and confirmed by that body on August 20, George R. A. Kantzler, of Wasbington, to be aid ln the 1917. This is submitted for the purpose of correcting an error United States Ooast and Geodetle Survey. (By promotion from in the name of· the nominee. deck officer.) TEMPORARY PROMOTION IN THE ARMY. SuRVEYoR GENERAL. CORPS OF ENGTh~ERS. Charles L. Decker, of Wyoming, to be surveyor general of l\faj. George B. Pillsbury, Corps of Engineers, to be Ueutena.nt Wyoming, his present term expiring September 24, 1917. (Re· colonel from July 14, 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Harry Bw·gess, ap­ appointment.) pointed colonel of engineers in the National Army. REGISTER -oF LAND OFFICE. This is submitted for the purpose of correcting an error in Paz Valverde, of New Mexico, to be register of the land office the date of rank of nominee. He was nominated to the Senate at CJayton, N. Mexr, his present term expiring September 10, August 10, 1917, and confirmed August 20, 1917. 1917. (Reappointment.) PRO\ISIO~AL APPOINTMENTS BY PROMOTION IN TB.E ARMY. RECEIVJmS OF PUBLIC MONEYS. CORPS OF ENGINEERS, Thomas E. Owen, of New Mexico, to be receiver {)f public To be captains. moneys nt Clayton, N. Mex., his present term expiring Septem­ ber 1'0, 1917. (Re-appointment.) Fir t Lieut. Marion D. H. Kolyn, Corps of Engineers, with rank Charles A. Mansfield. of North Dakota. to be receiver of public from June 3, 1917, vice Capt. Arthw· R. Ehrnbeck, promoted. moneys at \Villiston, N. Dak., )lis present term of office expiring First Lieut. Walter P. Burn, Corps of Engineers, with rank from Juoo -4, 1917, vice Capt. Harold S. Hetrick, promoted. Septem be- 28, 1917. (Reappointment.) First Lieut. David L. Neuman, Corps of Engineers, with rank ExAMrNEB IN CHIEF, PATENT OFFICE. from June 4, 1917, vice Capt. William A. Johnson, promoted. Edwin S. Henry, of Kansas, to be an examiner in chief in First Lieut. Lenox R. Lohr, Corps of Engineers, with rank the Patent Office, vice James T. Newton, appointed Commis- froat .Tune 5, 1917, -vice Capt. James J. Loving, promoted. sioner of Patents. ~ F'irst Lieut. Truman M. Curry, jr., CQrps of Engineers, with P1muc HEALTH SERVICE. rank from June 5, 1917, vice. Capt. Frederick B. Downing, pro­ Asst. Surg. Daniel S. Baughman to be passed assistant surgeon moted. in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from J'nly 23, First Lieut. Frank 1\:l. S. Johnson, Corps of Engineers, with rank from June 5, 1~17, vtce Capt. Edmund L. Daley, promoted. 1917. First Lieut. Simes T. Hoyt, Corps of Engineers, with rank UNITED STATES ATTORNEY. from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Henry A. Finch, promoted. Emon 0. Mahoney, of El Dorado, Ark., to be United States First Lieut. Clarence M. Fuller, Corps of Engineers, with rank attorney, \Ve tern District of Arkansas, vice J. Virgil Bourland, from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Edward D. Ardery, promoted. who e term bas expired. First Lieut. Harry A. Skerry, Corps of Engineers, with rank COMMISSIONER OF THE DISTRICT OF COLIDIBIA. from J"une 5, 1917, vice Capt. James G. Steese, promoted. .w. Gwynn Gardiner, of the District of Columbia, to be a Com­ First Lieut. John F. McSweeney, Corps of Engineers, with missioner of tl1e District of Columbi-a for the term expiring .July rank from June 5, 1917, ~ice Capt. Roger G . .Alexander, pro­ 13, 1919, vice Oliver P. N~, resigned~ moted. 1917~ CONGRESSIONAL RECOR~SENATE. 7517

First Lieut. Giovanni B. La.Guatdla, Corps of Engineers, Cadet Frank Charles Jedlicka. with rank from Juue 5, 1917, ~lee Capt, Jam~s A. O'Connor, pro­ _Cadet Leo Buffington Cohfler. moted. Cadet John Boersig Saunders. First Lieut. Fred C. Albert, Corps of Engineers, with tank Cadet Arthur Burnola Custis. from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Lewis It. \Vatkins, Pl.'Oinoted. Cadet Desmond ·O'Keefe. First Lieut. Don R.

Cadet Julius Earl Schaefer·. _ James Russell Conner, of C~lifornia; Cadet Theodore Desmond Schmidt. - Robert Louis Stricknd, of Connecticut. Cadet Parry Weaver Lewis. . Roy R. Newman; of Maryland. Cadet Edward "\Yrenne Timberlake. Boyd Lee Smith, of Missouri. Cadet Vincent Nicholas Taylor. Avery. Giles Holmes, of North Carolina.

Cadet William Wallace Jenna. George Robert Kennebeck, of Iowa. . • l. Cadet William Richard Fleming. Alexander Malcom Smith, jr., of Tennessee. Cadet Paul 'Vallace C<>1e. Horace Ray Finley, of California. Cadet Francis Porter Simpson. Cecil Roger Hays, of Ohio. Cadet Harry Coope1· Barnes, jl'. ' Roy Carl Starr, of Pennsylvania. . I Cadet Robert John Hoffman. Harold Stiles Embree, of California. Cadet Clare Wallace 'Voodwrrrd. Charles L. Andrews, of Kansas. Cadet Jolm SteYenson Mallory. Bryam Sandford Purviance, of California. Cadet Frederick Dent Sharp. Joseph Lyon Boyd, of Louisiana. Cadet William Sydney Barrett. .Joseph Lee Rahm, of Kentucky. Cadet Paul Ryan Goode. Clarence Raymond .Jacobson, of Minnesota.­ Cadet Harry Niles Rising. Norman Mobbs Mackenzie, of California. Cadet Josephus Benjamin Wilson. Richard Foster Thompson, of Missouri. Cadet Henry Cornelius Demuth. Henry Hales Collins, of Washington. Cadet Lowell Meeker Riley. William A. Moore, of Kansas. Cadet Edwin Clark Maling. Adrian Carso Ragan, of Missouri. Cadet George Draper Watts. Cartet Emil Krause. PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. . Cadet Robert Lynn Bacon. MEDICAL CORPS. Cadet Walker Gibson 'Vhite. Cadet Earle Everett Sarcka. Lieut. Col. Henry S. Greenleaf, Medical Corps, to be colonel Cadet Edwin Jacob House. from September 11, 1917, subject to examination required by Cadet Arthur Charles Purvis. law, vice Col. George E. Bushnell, retired from active service Cadet James Jack on Hea. September 10, 1917. Cadet Edgar Bruce Moomau. Maj. Ernest G. Bingham, Medical Corps, to be lieutenant Cadet Frank Sidney Long. colonel from August 11, 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Charles A. Ragan, Cadet Carlisle Brittania Wilson. retired from active service August 10, 1911. Cadet William Edward Whittington. Maj. James D. Heysinger, Medical Corps, to be lieutenant Cadet Harold Lewis Milan. colonel from August 17, 1917, subject to examination required Cadet Robert Amedee Bringham. by law, vice Lieut. Col. Charles C. Billingslea, who died August Cadet Horace Harding. 16,1917. Cadet Earle Adams Billings. Maj. Lloyd L. Smith, Medical C<>rps, to be lieutenant colonel Cadet Royal Harry Place. from September 11; 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Henry S. Greenleaf, promoted. APPOI!'iT.MEl'iTS IN THE ARMY. CORPS OF ENGINEERS. MEDICAL CORPS. First Lieut. Nicholson F; Curtis, Medical Reserve Corps, to Capt. George R. Goethals, Corps of Engineers, to be major be first lieutenant in the Medical Corps from July 11, 1917, to from August 22, 1917, vice Maj. Ulysses S. Grant, third, detailed fill an original vacancy. in the General Staff Corps. - · - '· Capt. John \V. N. Schulz, Corps of Engineers, to be major DE!IlTAL CORPS. from September 2, 1917, vice Maj. Henry H. Robert, who died To be dental surgeons 'toith 1·ank from Septembet· 11, 1911. September 1, 1917. Walter Davis Vail, of Missouri. QUARTERMASTER CORPS. Richard Knight Thompson, of the District of Columbia. Leslie Solon Harlan, of Indiana. ~ieut. Col. Herbert M. Lord, Quartermaster Corps, to be Neil Jerome McCollum, of Illinois. colonel from September 9, 1917, subject to examination re­ Clement John Gaynor, of Missouri. quired by law, vice CoL Thomas C. Goodman, retired from Walter Andrew Rose, of Ohio. active service September 8, 1917. Melvin Roman Eiche, of Wisconsin. 1\laj. Theodore B. Hacker, Quartermaster Corps, to be lieu­ George Krakow, of Illinois. tenant colonel from September 9, 1917, subject to examination Eugene Alonzo Smith, of Maryland. required by law, vice Lieut. Col. Herbert M. Lord, promoted. Jerome Louis Fritsche, of 1\.finnesota. COAST .AllTILLERY CORPS. Clarence John Wright, of Michigan. Milton Addison Price, of Minnesota. Lieut. C<>l. Samuel A. Kephart, Coast Artillery Corps, to be William Henry Hoblitzell, of Ohio. colo~l from August 22, 1917, vice Col. Daniel W. Ketcham, de­ Francis Murrie Tench, of New York. tailed in General Staff Corps. Alvin Ellsworth Anthony, of Maryland. l\Iaj. Marcellus G. Spinks, Coast Artillery Corps, to be lieuten­ William James R. Akeroyd, of Ohio. ant colonel from July 9, 1917, vice Lieut. C<>l. Roderick L. Car- Fletcher D. Rhodes, of Missouri. michael, detailed in Adjutant General's Department. . William Burns Caldwell, of Ohio. Maj. Jacob C. Johnson, Coast Artillery Corps (Inspector Gen­ Lewis Walter Maly, of Utah. eral's Department), to be lieutenant colonel from August 22, Arthur T. Burchill, of Pennsylvania. 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Samuel .A-. Kephart, promoted. Glover Johns, of Texas. Maj. Robert E. Wyllie, Coast Artillery Corps (General Staff Raymond Homer Fisher, of Georgia. Corp ·), to be lieutenant colonel from August 22, 1917, vice Frederick William Herms, of California. Lieut. Col. Jacob C. Johnson, retained in Inspector General's Harold Justus Parker, of New York. Department. Leslie Dean Baskin, of South Carolina. l\:(aj. William Forse, Coast ~.rtillery Corps, detached officers' Curtis Warren Halln.p:i, of the District of Columbia. list, to be lieutenant colonel from August 22, 1917, vice Lieut. James Etter Dean, of Oklahoma. Col. Robert E. Wyllie, retained in Inspector General's Depart­ Henry Leon Hogan, of Kentucky. ment. John Clarence Campbell, of Oregon. Capt. George T. Perkins, Con.st Artillery Corps, to be major Leland Stewart 'Vilson, of Oregon. from July 9, 1917, vice l\Iaj. l\IarceUus G. Spinks, promoted. Beujamin H. Dean, of Kentuck-y. Capt. John B. Murphy, Coast Artillery_ Corps, to be major Dell S. Gray, of Missouri. from July 17, 1917, vice Maj. James B. Mitchell, detailed in the \Villiam B. Stewart, of Missouri. Inspector General's Departnlent. _ _ _ . Julius Link Bischof, of Illinois. Capt. Jail·us A. Moore, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major from Charles Harrison Brammell, of l\Iissouri. July 17, 1917, vice Maj. C4arles .0. Zollars, detailed in the John Albert Rowe, of Nevada. Quartermaster Corps. . 'Villiam Thomas 'Villiams, of Kentucky, Capt. Frank B. Edwards, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major Hooker Oliver Lind ey, of Lorusiana. from July 18, 1917, vice l\Iaj. Edward Carpenter, detailed in Alrin David Dannheiser, of Alabama, The Adjutant General's Department. 1917- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. · 7519

Capt. Heru·y C. Merriam, Coast Artillery Corps ( General_Staft ! First Lieut. Eugene Villaret, Coast Artillery Corps, to be Corps), to be major from July 24, 1917, vice Maj. Alfred S. captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. James B. Taylor, detailed Morgan, detailed in The Adjutant General's Department. 1n the Signal Corps. ... . • · Capt. Harry W. McCauley, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major · First Lieut. Reiff H~ Hannt]m, Co;1st AJ;tillery Corps, to he · from July 24, 1917, vice Maj. Frederick W. Stopford, detailed. in captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Albert H. Barkley, de-· The Adjutant General's Department. .. tatled in the Quartermaster Corps. · . · . : . · Capt. Robert W. Oollins, Coast Artillery Corps, to be YnaJor First Lieut. Harold F. Loomis, Coast .Artillery Corps, to be from July 24, 1917, vice Maj. Henry C. 1\Ierriain, retained in the captain from July 25, 1917, Vice Capt. William P. Currier-,.. General Sta:ff Corps. . - . · detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. · First Lieut. William C. Foote, .Coast Artillery Corps, de­ · First Lieut. Leland Stanford, Coast Artillery .CorPS. _(Signal tached officers' list, to be captain·from July 9, 1917, vice Capt. Corps), to be captain :from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Edward· A~ George T. Perkins, promoted. . } ., . y. • • Brown, detailed in the Quartermaster- Corps. . ~ . This is submitted for. the purpose Of correcting er.ro.rs in the FiJ:St Lieut. James C. Waddell, Coast Ar.Q.lle:ry Corps, .to be

Charles T. Harris, jr., transferred to Field -Artillery. . . First Lieut. Albert H. War:~,·en, Coast Artillery Carps1 to be cap­ F1rst Lieut. Robert D. Brown, Coast .Artillery Corps, to be tain from July 26, 19~7, vice Capt. Clifford L. Corbin._ transferred. captain from July 24, 1917, vice Capt. ·Donald C. McDonald, to Field Artillery. ·: . , · transferr~d to Fielcl _Artillery. _ . . First Lieut. John F. Kahle, Co:;tst Artillery Oorps, to be captain First Lieut. Edward 0. Halbert, Coast Artillery Corps, to be from July 27, 1917, vice Capt. Thomas F. McNeill, transferre

First Lieut. Pettus H. Hemphill,· Ca'\;1\liT, to· Be captain fi'om Jordan, Fourteenth Infantry, b·ansferred to the detached officers' August 15, 19_17, vice Capt. Joseph A. Baer,.promoted. list.. _ . - . First Lieut. Hugh l\litchell, Cavalry, to be captain from Capt. Samuel A. Price, Thirteenth Infantry, to be major. from ·August 22, 1917, vice Capt. Philip H. Sheridan, -detailed in the August 3, ·19:P, vice Gib ·on, unas igned, transferred to the de- Ge·neral Staff Corps. . _ _ tached officers' list. - ' First Lieut. Robert LeG. Walsh, Cavalry, to be captain from Capt. Fred E. Smith, :Niuth Infantry, to be major from August August·24, 1917, sUbject to·e:x:amination required. by law, vice 3, 1917, vice ·Huguet, Fifth Infantry, transferred to the detached Capt. 'Yillis V. 1\forris,.promoted. . officers' list. Second Lieut. Vernon l\I. .Shell, Cavalry, to be .first lieutenant Capt. Perrin L. Smith, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to be from August ·9, 1917, '1ce First Lieut. Ernest G . . Cullum, pro- major from ·Augu t' 3, 1917, ·vice· Sheldon, unassigned, trans­ moted. . , fE>rred to t~e detached officers' list. Second Lieut. Emmons L. Abeles, Cavalr;r, to be first lieu­ Capt. Harry L. Cooper, Infantry ~detached officers' list}, to be tenant from· August 9, 1.917, \ke First Lieut. George H. Peabody, mUjQr:from.August 3, 19!7, vice S~ith, retained in the Quarter- promoted. . : . · · · · master Corps on promotion. · Second Lieut. James C. Longino, Cavalry, to .be first lieutenant : Capt. ~ William S. Sinclair,· Infantry (detached officers' list), to ~ !rom August 9, 1917, vice First Lieut. Casey H. Hayes, trans- be major from August 3, 1917, vice Taylor, unassigned, trans- ferred to Field Artillery. . ' ferred to the detached ·officer ' list. · . Second Lieut. ·woodbury F. Pride, Cavalry, to be first lieu­ Capt. Richmond Smith, Sixty-second Infantry, to be major tenant from August 9, 1917, vice First Lieut. Craigie Krayen­ from August 3, 1917, vice Halstead, First Infantry, transfen~d buhl, transferred to Field .Artillery. to the dstached officers' list. · Second Lieut. Eugene P. H. Gempel, Ca\alry, to be first lieu­ Capt. Oha~les L. Willard, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to tenant from August 9~ 1917, vice First Lieut. Robert S. Donald­ be major from Augw:;t 3, 1917, vice Knight, Thirty-fifth Infl1n­ son, transferred to Field Artill~ry. try, transferred to the detached officers' list. Second Lieut. Charles B. Sweatt, Caval~·y, to be first lieutenant Capt. Rob~rt H. Sill{nan, Twenty-third Infantry, to be major from august 14, 1917, vice First ·Lieut. Joseph M. Tully, pro- from August 3, 1917, \ice 'Villard, retained in the Quartermas· moted...... · ter Corps on· promotion. · . · Second Lieut. John 1\1. Sanderson, Cavalry, to be first lieu­ . Capt. Rl,lfus B. Clark, Infantry (Quartermaster. Corps), to tenant from Au·gust 15, 1917, vice· Fil'st Lieut. Pettus H. Hemp- be major from 4-.ugust 3, 1917, -vice Harris, Fourteenth In­ bill, promoted. · fantry, transferred to the detached officers' list. Second Lieut. Charles W. Walton, Cavalry, to be first lieu­ .Capt. ~thur P. Watts, Twentieth Infanh·y, to be major from tenant from August 22,· 1917, vice First Lieut. Hugh Mitchell, August 3, 1917, \ice Clark, retained in the Quartermaster Corps promoted. . on ·promotion. · · Second Lieut. James V. 1\fc:Conville, Cavalry, to be first lieu­ . Qapt. Thaddeus B. Seigle, Twenty-seventh Infantry, to be tenant 'from 1\ugust 24, 1917, vice First Lieut. Robert Le G. major from August 3, 1917, vice 1\Iacnab, Twenty-fifth Infantry, Walsh, promoted. transferred to the detached officers' list. INFANTRY ARM. Cf!pt. William A. Carleton, Infantry (Quartermaster .Corps), to be major from August 3, 1917, subject to examination re­ · Lieut. Col. Robert Alexander. Infantry, detached officers' list, quired by law, vice Parrott, Fifty-seventh Infantry, transferred to be colonel from Au'gust 28, .1917, ·vice Hirst, Third Infantry, to the detached officers' list. · retired from active service August 27, 1917. · · Capt. Lochlin W. Caffry, Infantry (detached officers' list), to · Maj. Amos H. 1\Iartin, Infantry, detached officers' list, to be be major from August 3, 1917, vice Carleton, retained in the lieutenant colonel from July 29, 1917, vice Burkhardt, Nineteenth Quartermaster-Corps on promotion. Infantry, promoted. Capt. WilliamS. Faulkner, Twelfth Infantry, to be major from · 1\laj. Charles F. Cr~~n, Thirty-sevent~ Infantry, to l;>e lieuten­ A-ugust 3, 1917, vice Catlin, Ninth Infantry, transferred to the ant colonel from August 6, 1917, vice Ely, Sixtieth Infantry, detached officers' list. · · detailed in the General Staff Corps. · · · Capt. Ernest H.- Agnew, Sixth Infantry, to be major from · Capt. Frank H. Burton, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to ~ngust .3, 1917, subject to examination required by law, vice be major from August 3, 1917, vice Rlicker, retained in the Knabenshue, Sixty-second Infantry, transferred to the detached Quartermaster Corps on promotion. · · officers' list.. . - . . . . Capt. George B. Sharon, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to Capt. Robed 0. Ragsdale, Infantry (detached officers' list),· be major from 'August 3, 1917, subject to examination required to'be major from August 3, 1917, vice Cummins, Thirty-fifth In­ by law. vice Burton, retained in the Quartermaster Corps on fantry, tran~fen~ed to tlie detached' officers' list. promotion. · ·· · Capt. Austin A. Parker, Infantry (detached officers' list), to Capt. A. La Rue Christie, Fifteenth Infantry, to be major from' be· rruijor from August· 3, 1917, \ice McCook, Thirty-second In­ August 3, 1917, vice Sharon, retained in the _Quartermaster fanh·y, transferred to -the detached officers' list. .Corps on promotion. · . Capt. Charles 1\1 . • Gordon, jr.., ·Infantry · (detached officers' Capt. George H. Wl1ite, T\venty-eighth Infantry, to be major list), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice -Price, Fifty-fifth from August 3, 1917-,- vice Martin, Fifty-sixth· Infantry; trans- Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list. ferred to the detacheu officers' list.· , - · Capt. Fred Van S. _Chamberlin, Twenty-first Infantry, to l>e Capt. Harris Pendleton, jr:, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), major from August 3, 1917, vice Pond, Forty-seventh Infantry, to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Arrasmitl\, Tent_h .Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list. detailed as inspector general. . . Capt. ·wmtam N. Hughes, jr., Infantry (General Staff), to be Capt. William G. · Fleischhaller, Infantry _ (Quartermaster major from August 3; 1917, vice Cooke, Fifty-fourth Infantry, Corps), to be _major from August 3, 1917., --y1-·_ce _Pendleton, re­ transferred to the detached officers' list. tained in the Quartermaster Corps on promotiOn. · Capt. Sylvester Bonnaffon, Third Infantry (detached officers' · Capt. Howard' G. Davis, 'Ninth Infantry,' 'to be .major from list), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Hughes, retained in August 3, 1917, vice Fleischhauer, retained in the Quartermaster the General Staff on promotion. · · Corps on promotion. ~ . Capt. Robert C. ~up1ber, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Powers, T\venty-third In­ Capt. Ernest Van D. Murphy, Fourth Infutry~ to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Wheeler, Sixty-fourth Infantry, trans­ fantry, transferred to the detached officers' list. ferred to the detached officers' list. . Capt. Joseph C. Brady, Fifth Infantry, to be major from Capt. Hilden Olin, Twenty-eighth Infantry, to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Humber, retained in the Quartermaster August 3, 1917, vice Leonard, Fifty-fourth Infantry, tranSferred Corps on promotion. · to the detached officers' list. ,Capt. Johri H. Page, jr., Twe_!lty-first Infantry, to be major from August 6, 1917, ·vice Crain, Thirty-seventh Infantry, pro- Capt. Frederick Goedecke, Seventeenth I~antry, to b~ major moted. · · · - · : from August 3, 1917, subject to examinatiQn reqQ.ired by-law, vice Qant. . Parker Hitt, . Ni,neteentb Infantry, tQ be major from Shaffer, Sixth Infantry, transferred to the qetached·officers' list. Augu!'!t 20, ' 1917~ v~ce Conl~y, Infanp-y, una signed, detailed in Capt. Albert W. Foreman, Infantry ( detacheq officers' ]Jst), to '!he Adjutant ,Ge~~rhl~s . D~partrri~Iit. · be major' from August 3, 1917, subject to exami~ation req~ired • PROVISIONAL APPOINTMENTS, ;BY PROMOTIO ",IN THE ARMY. by law, vice Ourtis, Forty-fifth Infantry, .transf~rrecl to the de­ 4 • tached officers' list. · . . INFANTRY ARM. • . Capt. .William S.).Inpes, ',rw~n .tleth . Inf~ntr;y, tp be_ ~ajQr irQ.t;n. . second Lieut. :Nicholas Szilagyi, lnfa·ntry, to be first lieutenant AQgust . 3, 1917, subject to examination required ~Y law,· fl_c~ ,vi~ii . ra~Ii?in ~Jiine 14,-:1917, to-fili an

, CAV ALBY AltM. - Walter H. Wheeler, jr., Second Lieut. Jay Drake Billings-Lattin; Seeond · ca~alry, to Folke E. Sellman, be first lieutenant from November 26, 1916, to fill an exr tillg Arthur M. Tschirgi, vacancy. . · ·· .. Wayne F. Palmer, This is submitted for the purpose of correcting an error in the Donald l\IcClench, "'i

Arthur T. Leonard, The following-named civil engineers, with the 1"3.nk of lieu.. John L. Merrill, tenant commander, to be civil engineers in the Navy, with the William V. Couchman, jr.1 rank oi commander; from the 1st day of July,, 1917: Thomas N. Page, Reuben E. Bakenhus, Richard M. Breed,. Er1;1est R. Gayle:r, and George R. Hann, Archibald L. Parsons. Andrew C. Little, Surg. John T. Kennedy to be a medical inspee.tor in the Nn~ Hallowell V. Morgan, for temporary service from the :Ust day, of August, 1917. Robert B. Noyes, The following-named naval constructors, with the rank of Eugene R. Sturtevant, commander, to be naval constructors in the Navy, with the Henry Hale, jr., rank of captain, fo1· temporary service, from. the 31st day · ot Chester J. La Roche, 'August, 1917: Milton H. Bird, Richard 1\f. Watt, John R. Litchfield, John D. Bem·et, Bai'l'on C. Watson, Daniel 0. Nutting, jr-., Ca1·ter B. Burnett, William P. Robert, John T. Scully, Thomas G. Roberts, William J. Curtis, jr., Laurence S. Adams, and Hayden Crocker, Stuart F. Smith. Mathew P. Waller, The following-named naval constructors, with the rank of Robert R. Theobald, lieutenant commander, to be naval: con tructo:rs in the Navy, Bryant H. Howard, with the rank of commander, for tempQrary senice, from thQ Ralph W. Preston, 31st day of .August, 1917: · James H. R. Cromwell, Hem-y 1\I. Gleason, Robert D. Bartlett, William McEntee, Charles H. Bowman, John A. Spilman, Herbert de H. Glass, and Julius A. Furer, Allan C. Browu. Sidney M. Henry, The following-named passed assistant surge

Weyman P. Beehler. Clinton H. Ha•ill, Arthm· .A. Garcelon. jr., Byron S. Dague. John W. W. Cumming, Frank E. Beatty, jr., Roy LeO. Stover, Woodbury E. Mackay, Charles A. Dunn, · Stanton F. Kalk, .James J. l\1anning, Clifford H. Roper, Richard n. l\1nno, Augustus .T. Selman, Cbarle C. Gill, Milton 0. Carlson, Augu. tin T. Beauregard, Norman P. Earle, Rus. ell S. Crenshaw, Don P. 1\Ioon, Herbert S. Babbitt, Robert C. Bourne, Bryson Bruce, Thomas J. Keliher, jr., Randall Jacobs, Hugo Schmidt, Richard S. Edwards, Clinton E. Braine, jr., Clytie n. Robinson, Lam·ance F. Safford, Ralph C. Needhnm, \Villiam M. Fechteler, Irving H. Mayfield, · Robert A. Awtrey, Loui H. Maxtield, Charles S. Baker, Alfred W. Atkins, Donald 1\1. Carpenter, Clautl A. Jones. Gerald F. Bogan, George W. Kenyon, Leon S. Fiske, Lucien l!'. Kimball, William F. Loventhal, Harold M. Bemis, Harold l\f. Horne, John M. Schelling, Arthur T. Emerson, WilHnm 0. Wallace, Grover C. Klein, Bruce R. Ware, jr., Bartley G. Furey, William S. Farber. Bertram J. Rodgers, Alfretl W. Brown, jr., John A. Terhune, Guy E. Baker, Lew W. Bagby, William F. Newton, Lyman K. Swenson, David A. Scott. Gail Morgan, Miles A. Libbey, Gilbert F. Bunnell, Earle F. Johnson, Thorwald A. Solberg, Felix: X.· Gygax, Edward P. Sauer, Guy E. Davis, John H. Carson, Lemuel M. Stevens, Robert B. Carney, Joseph S. Evans, Arthur \V. Radford, Charles R. Clark, John A. Vincent, Che ~ ter H. J. Keppler, Boyd R. Alexander, Johu W. Lewis, Frederick B. Craven, Charles G. Dnvy, Edwin S. Earnhardt, Horace T. Dyer, · John E. Williams, Rufus W. l\1attbe"\"\·son, · Webster M. Thompso~ Damon E. Cumming·s, Louis R. Vail, Warren G. Child, Paul S. Goen, William H. Lee, Harry V. Baugh, William P. Williamson, Andrew DeG. Mayer, Vaughn V. Woodwnrd, Charles G. Halpine, Robert T. S. Lowell, John W. Watters, jr.• Richard T. Keiran, Walter W. Webb, Charles C. Slayton, Henry L. Phelps, .John H. Hoover, Archer W. Webb, Raymontl F. Frellsen, John E. Reinburg, Philip H. Hammond, Charles J. Wheeler, ' Harry Campbell, John A. Sternberg, Allan S. Farquhar, Samuel P. Ginder, Han·ey W. McCormack, Van Hubert Ragsdale, Ernest D. McWhorter, Robert J. Walker, - Bert B. Taylor, Homer L. Grosskopf, Frank R. King, Henry N. Fallon, Carl T. ·osburn, and Maxwell Cole, Archibald D. Tnrnbull. Henry J. White, The following-named ensigns to be lieutenants (junior grade) Gilbert W. Sumners, in the Navy, for temporary service,_ from the 1st day of July, Fred D. Kirtland, 1917: Arthur D. Burhans, Henry -M. l\1ullinnix, Amos B. Root, Ralph E. Davison, Paul W. Rutledge, Rus ell S. Berkey, Albert M. Rhudy, George F. Hussey, jr., Calvin T. Durgin, Osborne B. Hardison, James A. Scott, Russell S. Hitchcock, William E. l\filler, ·willis C. Sutherland, Douglas C. Woodward, : Arthur C. Miles, Armistead C. Rogers, Frank w.·wead, John D. Price, Conrad A. Krez, James B. Ryan, Tuthill Ketcham, Sidney W. Kirtland, Harris K. Lyle, Joseph H. Lawson, Sidney E. Dudley, Richard E. Webb, Earl l\f. Major, Charles T. Gilliam, Paul R. Glutting, Thomas V. Cooper, . Walter E. Borden, jr. Newbold T. Lawrence, jr-. Arthur C. Geisenbotf, l\Iartin B. Stonestreet, William F. Boyer. Richard H. Jones, ·wmard A. Kitts, 3d, Linton Herndon, Carroll W. Hamill, Leon F. Brown, -. ~ 7524 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-_SENATE. SEPTEMBER 29,

Herbert J. Grassie, Edward A. 1\Iitchell, Isaia h Parker, Alexander D. Douglas, Chaplain E. Evans, ! Homer N. Wallin, George D. Price, ' Sydney J. Wynne, Carlyle Craig, Earle E. Muschlitz. .James P. Compton, : .Julian L. Woodruff, Fred \V. Connor, David C. Fox, Dallas Wait. Simon P . Fullinwider, .John E. Ostrander, jr., . William P. 0. Clarke, Houston L. Mnples, .Jay K. Allen, Ancl1·ew I. McKee, Stanton H. Wooster, Randall E. Dees, George T. Howard, Paul W. F. Hu. chke, Robert L. Randolph, jr., Clarence W. Johnson, Theodore l\1. Waldschmidt, Frank G. Fahrion, Adolph P. Schneider, Norhorne L. Hawlings, Robert n. Ogg, Frank H. Dean, Harold B. Sallada, Harold S. Klein, George R. Fairlamb, jr., La\Yrence 'Vainwright, .John R. Cruse, Donald B. Duncan, Ross F. Collins, George F. Martin, Paul F. Shortridge, Bernard F. Jenkins, .John .J. Twomey, E!l,Yard L. Ericsson, Hugh St. C. C. Sease, Uichard R. Clagborn, Carl F. Holden, John l\1. Bloom. Kingsland Dunwoody, J~~~e L. Kemvorthy, _jr., Vincent J. Moore, Albert E. Schrader, .James H. Conyne, William R. Casey, Frederic W. Neilson, Archibald E. Fraser, Allen I. Price, Denn!s L. Ryan, Byron K. Presnell, Arnold H. Bateman, Robert W. 1\IcReynolds, jr,1 , Charles T. Joy, Harrison A very, A1Ya J. 1\Ioore, Leonard Doughty, jr., Nelson N. Gates, Hanson E. Ely, jr., Benjamin R. Holcombe, Ralph U. Hyde, Charles G. Berwind, Ralph Wyman, "Villiam L. Keady, George C. Cummings, Theoclore T. Patterson, George 1\I. Keller, George P. Brewster, Edward J. Moran, Henry B. Broadfoot, .John H. Keefe. John Wilkes, Francis W. Benson, Robert B. Twining, Vernon F. Grant, William P. Bacon, Francis T. Spellman, 'Vilbur W. Feineman, Carl L. Hansen, Bruce P. Flood, Ben H. Wyatt, Oscar W. Erickson, Warcl P. Davis, Henry C. Merwin, Volney 0. Clark, James 1\I. S teele, Gale A. Poindexter, Casper K. Blackburn, Robert W. Fleming, Thomas D. Warner, William J. 1\.forcock, T. DeWitt Carr, Karl Keller, Charles P. Cecil, Robert E. Keating, Humbert W. Ziroli, .John N. \Valton, Julius W. Simms, Evan G. Hanson, George F. Chapline, 'Villiam G. Ludlow, jr•• 'Vllliam J. Forrestel, Leonard B. Austin, John S. Robert , .John H . .Jenkins, Norman 0. Wynkoop, Emile Topp, William W. Schott, Donald n. Evans, Walter B. Cowles, Frank .J. Hanafee, Stanwix G. Mayfield, jr., John G. l\I. Stone, Edwin F. Cochrane, Clarence 0. Ward, Gilbert C. Hoover, Thomas D. Ross, Walter S. Currington, .John V. Murphy, Roy K. Jones, Peyton H. Park, Hernan J. Redfield, Kenneth Floyd-Jones, Lowell Cooper. William II. Ball, Andrew C. 1\IcFall, Seabury Cook. Herbert S. Jones, Constantiue N. Perkins, · Robert N. Kennedy, Benjamin 0. Wells, Carl H. Hilton, Herbert W . .Jackson, .James K. Davis, Robert B. Dashiell, Cassin Young, .John O'D. Richmond, Knefler McGinnis, Andrew G. Shepard, George G. Robertson, Lisle F. Small, Roman .J. 1\Iiller, Edmund B. Caldwell, Frederick E. Haeberle, Nicholas Vytlacil, Edmund E. Brady, jr., Edward B. Rogers, George W. 1\I<:Iver, jr., Charles L. Hayden, Henry R. Oster, Robert G. Tobin, Colin Campbell, Herbert B. Knowles, Theodore L. Schumacher, Anson A. Bigelow, Douglas W. Coe, .John C. 'l'yler, Albert Noble, Benjamin Buchalter, Ingolf N. Kiland, .Joseph W. Gregory, - - - - I ) 1917. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-:--SENATE. 7525-

John T. Metcalf, Hubert V. La Bomba:td, Benjamin F. Staud, Edward H. McKitterick, Francis C. Denebrink, Laurence R. Brown, Robert B. Matthews, Leonard N. Linsley, Walter C. Calhoun, Henry L. Abbott, Lester J. Hudson, Elmer L. Woodside, Samuel B. Brewer, Glenn B. Davis, Frank W. Lively, Palmer H. Dunbar, jr., Davenport Browne, Ray H. Wakeman, Franklin S. Irby, Carl E. Hoard, . Colin DeV. Headlee, Charles N. Ingraham, Merrill Comstock, Adolph v. S. Pickhardt. Richard W. Gruelick, Paul A. Stevens, :>aul U. Tevis, George W.-Wolf, Wilbur V. Shown, Robin B. Daughtry, George K. Weber, Walter Seibert, William F. Dietrichl Richard H. Knight, Andrew G. Reaves, Hugh L. White, Richard H. Harper, Norman C. Gillette, Jolin B. Heffernan, Thomas Shine, - HatTY C. Blodgett, Neil H. Geisenhoff, Elliott M. Senn, Lloyd R. Gray, Thomas R. Cooley, jr.; George D. Hull, George L. Harriss, Solomon H. Geer, Homer W. Clark, Chapman C. Todd, jr1 Edward Sparrow, Paul Cassard, Robert L. Porter, jr.• ·walter 0. Henry, Guido F. Forster, Carl T. Hull, Edward H. Jones, Eric F. Zemke, Earl W. Morris, Edward J. O'Keefe, Thomas B. Hendley, Hamilton V. Bryan, Kenneth L. Coontz, Wilbur J. Ruble, Howard F. Council!, John Le V. Hill, Philip W. Warren, Robert H. Grayson, Allan R. McCann, John L. Hall, Herbert W. Anderson, James H. Strong, Carl W. Brewington, Stephan B. Robinson, Chester M. Holton, Harold H. Little, Leonard P. Wessell, Hamilton Harlmy, Frank L. Worden, ThaJ es S. Boyd, Frederick L. Weis, Daniel E. Barbey, Andrew R. Mack, John J. Brown, Ralph F. Skylstead, Carl K. M:trtin, Guy W. Clark, Harry P. Curley, James P. Conover, jr.,; John P. Bowden, Francis A. Smith, Baylis F. Poe, Conrad L. Jacobsen, Charles K. Osborne, William M. Reifel, --.... Ingram C. Sowell, Laurence P. Sargent, Charles A. Lockwood, jr., Lewis L. Gover. William H. Burtis, Rollin Van A. Failing,_._ Hans Ertz, Laurence E. Kelly, Aaron S. Merrill, Douglas A. Spencer, Charles S. Alden, John J. Barthol:.di1 Charles F. Greene, Harold F. Ely, Garnet Hulings, Stephen E. Dillon. Charles W. MCl'lair, William S. B. Claude, Otto M. Forster, Guy B. Hoover, Louis R. Ford, Oha.rles W. WeitzeL William H. P. Blandy, Isidore Lehrfeld, James C. Jones, jr., John H. Forshew, jr., Herman EJ. Keisker, WilHam S. Heath, Bruce G. Leighton,- Kenneth M. Hoeffel, and Roy J. Wilson, Felix B. Stump. Charlie P. McFeaters, The following-named officers to be lieutenants in the Navy, Harold C. Van Valzah, for temporary service, from the 31st day of August, 1917: Thomas M. Shock, Earl R. Morrissey, Stewart F. Bryant, William G. Greenman, Kenneth R. R. Wallace, Horatio J. Peirce, William B. Jupp, Hugh C. Frazer, William I. Causey, jr., James A. Crutchfield, Frank L. Johnston, Charles P. Mason, George L. Greene, jr., Grady B. Whitehead, Reginald S. H. Venablet Campbell D. Edgar, John A. Brownell, Walter S. Haas, Roy Dudley, _De 'Vitt C. Ram ey, Laurence Wild, Roscoe E. Schuirman, Herbert K. Fenn, Abraham C. Ten Eyck, James E. Brenner, Francis E. M. Whiting, Paul Hendren, John K. Richards, jr., Henry M. Briggs, Stanley G. Womble, Joseph Y. Dreisonstok, Paul S. Theiss, John M. Kates, John Wilbur, Thomas G. Berrien, Robert E. P. Elmer, George M. Tisdale, George S. Gillespie, William L. Wright, ·7526 - CONGRESSION:A·L RECORD-SENATE. SEPTEJ\'IBER 29; ------. -- - ··-· -·------~ -=----____.....,.,- Elroy L. Vanderkloot, Julian B. Timberlake, jr• . John R. Palmer, Laurence W. Clarke, Ha~twell C. Davis, Michael Hudson, Terry 'B. Thompson, Gordon Hutchins, Laurance T. Du Bose. Henry F. Floyd, Arthur· G. Robinson, Raymond Asserson·, Frederic W. Dillingham, Leonard R. Agrell, Hardy B. Page~ ·· Jesse H. Smith, George B. Junkin, Harold P. Parmelee, J"ustin·McC. Miller, Frank Hindrelet, Harry R. Gellersted~ Ralph Martin, Oliver L. Downes, Maxwell Case, Roy Pfaff, · Warner W. Bayley, -· · Earl H. Quinlan, Conrad D. Fry, Lloyd H. Lewis,· Henry P. Samson, Samuer N. Moore, William J. Larson, Stuart E. Bray, ·' Thomas N. Vinson, Arthur S. Walton, Herman A. Spanagel, Arthur W. Dunn, jr.; Frank L. Lowe, Philip C. Ransom, Theo. D. Westfall, Jerome A. Lee, Zeno W. Wicks, Henry A. Seiller, · Albert G. Berry, jr.• Alfred H. Donahue, George B. Wilson, J"ohn D. Jones, William· K. Harrill.: William Masek, Alfred H. Balsley, Edmund S. McCawley* Greene W. Dugger, jr.• Langdon D. Pickering. Charles D. Swain, Andrew L. Haas, Albert H. Rooks, Franklin B. Conger, jt•., Russell E. Perry, Ligon B. Ard, Stanley L. Wilson, Joseph H. Ho1'fman, Charles E. Rosendahl. Robert D. Kirkpatricli1 Robert W. Hayler, David R. Lee, Theodore W. Sterling, Rawson J. Valentine, Hervey A. Ward, August Schulze, William A. Corn, Frank Gunnell Kutz, Edwin T. Short, Noel Davis, John B. W. Waller,. Carl H. Jones, Robert L. Vaughan, Charles B. C. Carey, Thomas J. Doyle, jr., Carleton F. Bryant, ~ Charles F. Martin, Alfred P. H. Tawresey, Kemp C. Christian, John H. Buchanan, Samuel G. Moore; Joseph R. Redman, John L. Vaiden, and Franklin G. Percival, Swift Riche. , .. . . Theodore D. Ruddock, jr., The following-named lieutenants to be lieutenant commanders Andrew H. -Addom.s, 1 in the Navy from the 1st day of July, 1917: James D. Black, John H. Towers, William H. Porter, jr.1 Isaac C. Kidd, and Sherrod H. Quarles, Charles C. Hartigan. William E. Malloy, Lieut. (Junior Grade) Theodore H. Winters to be a lieutenant John M. Creighton, in the Navy from the 5th day of June, 1917. Edmund W. Burrough1 Ensign Henry P. Samson.to be a lieutenant (junior grade) in George F. Neiley, the Navy from the 6th day of June, 1917. · · · Byron B. Ralston, MachiJ?,ist PatriCk J'. Solon to be a chief machinist in 'the Navy Herbert J. Ray, from the 5th day of January, 1917. JoJ::m G. Moyer, Pharmacist Frank Fulton to be a chief pharmacist. in tlle Bert F. Clark, Navy from the 30th day of August, 1917; Archibald N. Oti:Iey, The following-named pay Clerks to be assistant paymasters in Richard L. Conolly, the Navy, for temporary service, from the 12th. day of September, Thomas L. Nash, 1917: ,_ . William A. Teasley, Arthur G. King, · · Arthur E. Wills, Edward H. Littlefield, Homer L. Ingram,· William R. Parker,· Alexander R. Early, Samuel B. Caldwell, - Vincent A. Clarke, jr•• Merritt c. Ha.ti, Philip W. Yeatman, Berijamin·H: White, William J. Hart, jr. .: Eugene R. Walter, Walter E. Doyle, Eugene K. Brooks, jr•• ·Karl E. Hintze, Lester A. Dyekman,. William W. Meek, Walter E. Morton, Ellsworth Davis, William C. Colbert, Charles J" .. Parrish~ Forest G. Lacklan·dt Paulus P. Powell, Floyd J. Farber,· Benjamin H. Lingo, Orly Tagland, Louis J. Roth, George ·E. Lord, Clarke Withers, Percy .T. Hutchison, Tunis A.M. Craven, Marcus E. West, William G. B. Hatchl Thomas C. Edrington:. Samuel S. Thurston, Samuel Mitchell, Valentine. Wood, Matthew A. Mackie, · Leo H. Thebaud; Melvin E. Throneson, Leman L. Babbitt, Houston S. Stubbs, James R. Webb, Clarence B. Fuller11 Horace W. Pillsbucy" Frank E. Herbert,; . Walker Cochran, William R. Ryani 19t7. OONGRESSIQNAL 1t~O-RD-SENA~

Walter T. Cronin, Capt. Richard B. Creecy ,to be a major 1n--tlre :Marine ~Out_ps Nathaniel E. Disbrow. .ffrom the 26th day of March, 1917. · · . James C. Masters, · Capt. Davis B. Wills, assistant paymaSter, ~to ·cbe lll.Il.llSSistnnt Carl M. Johnson, - a>aymaster in the Marine Qorps, with the .rank ref ·aru.d'm; itirom 'James Fellis, e 26th day of March, 1917. - · Allen J. Marshall, Capt. Fred D. Kilgore to be a major in the.OO:arine .CorP8.'fr-om William E. Lund, lhe 26th day of March, 1917. · John Flynn, Capt. William P. Upshur to be a major J-n {fhe !Murine ~OliJIS Arthur D. Turner, 1from the 26th day of March, 1917. Joseph G. Stanton, Capt. Edward W. Banker, assistant qumeii1Ilastet:, ·'to '!be t8:tl Will inm E. Todd, llSSistant quartermaster in the Marine Corps mtiftl •'the llllk ..uf Albert S. Freedman, a:najor from the 26th day of March, 1917. Leonard A. Klauer, Capt. William M. Small to be a major .in 1the :Marline :Qorps Joseph O'Reilly, rom the 26th day of March, 1917. Harry H. Reynolds, Capt. Epaminon(tas L. Bigler to be .m lJillijor "ln ~ tlre :maxine William H. 1\IcKenna. iCorps from the 26th day of 1\Iarch, 1917. Walter A. Thomas, Capt. Charles R. Sanderson, assistant m:termaste1:, ~to :be !ftll Orville D. Foutch, cassistant quartermaster in the Marine Corps ":With •the rrarik ;of Ernest W. Paynter, major from the 26th day of March, 1917. Beverly W. Jennings, Capt. Walter N. Hill to be a major in thelMarirre DorDps~.em Herbert H. Lowry, tthe 26th day of March, 1917. LeRoy Moyer, The following-named first lieutenants to be mnptdlns ·.tn ~tl:Ie Edward R. McKenzie, arine Corps from the 26th day of March, 19[7-; William J. Smith, George A. Stowell, Benjamin Berkowitz, Henry L. Larsen, Palmer J. McCloskey, John C. Foster, Edison H. Gale, William H. Rupertus, Herman W. Johnson, Keller E. Rockey, Maurice T. Scanlan, Egbert T. Lloyd, John B. Daniels, Allen H. Turnage, Michael J. Dambacher, George W. Hamilton, Harry E. Stengele, David H. Miller, Robert C. Vasey, Matthew H. Kingman, William H. Abbey, Alphonse DeCarre, Herbert C. Lassiter, Cecil S. Baker, William C. Jahnke, · John F. S. ·Norris, Hilton P. Tichenor, Ai·thur Kingston, Michael J. Kirwan, Samuel L. Howard, Arthur P.M. Shock, Lyle H. Miller, Jacques H. E. Everette, !Raw'h TI'~ 7Mi'tCb.eii, Charles W. White, :::R.Olrel.tt ; · • ffi. mnl'Welt, J obn H. Theis, .Lems R. de :Jbmtle, Harry W. Crider, John A. 1\Ii.nnis, Peter J. Penner, DeWitt Peck, Wallace D. Chace, Archie F. Howard, John E. Rob~rts, Raymond R. Wright. Cecil H. Jernigan, · ~:qpert 'M. 1Bnr~n, Clarence A. Miley, "tP.edre A. •l'Iel Walle, Alexander Riggin, Owen E. O'Neill, Bernard A. Morrow, and Walter H. Sitz, Walter R. Lowther. 'Villiam G. Hawthorne, Lieut. Col. William N. McKelvy to be a colonel !in ~eMailne · Oscar R. Cauldwell, Coq>s ::fumn -:the~ nay ;af u.cb, 19!!7.• . · _ Edward C. Fuller, 1Lieut. Cdl. .&Jhn lH. Rnsstill ;to e :.edlonel i.n -the 1\!farlne: Arnold W. Jacobsen, and Corps (subject to examination required by law) from tnre 26th: Earl H. Jenkins. day of l\farch, 1917. First Lieut. Anderson C. De!lring to be ra :nap.tftln ln 'the Lieut. Col. Louis J. Magill, assistant adjutant Rnil ~ inspector, :Marine Corps (subject to examination requilreil iby .law) :from to be an assistant adjutant and inspector in he ""Marine fC:ru;ps ;the 26th day of 1\Iarch, 1917. · - with the rank of colonel from .the 26th day of tM.arch, 191.7. .. · The following-named first lieutenants to 'be ~ fi.r;!ift Ue.utena:n:ts Maj. William G. Powell, ass~ant p~ymaster • .to 'be_;~n ·nssmt- ·n the Marine Corps for temporary service, from ·the .22d ·day --ot ant paymaster in the Marine Oorps With the rank :.o.f .lleuten.ant - Iay, 1917. to correct dates of present rank: colonel from the 26th day of March, 1917. Arthur H. Turner and Maj. Logan Feland to be a lieutenant .enlonel m !he !Matip.e Roy C. ~wink. ' Corps from the 26th day of 1\Iarch, 1917. Col. Charles A. Doyen to be a brigadier generaFin ihe .Marine Maj. William Hopkins to be a lieutenant ct.IDIDnet .in ihe · Corps, from the 26th day of March, 1917 ~ .ltb;iect ·to ·examin.a- Marine Corps (subject to examination requi.rnil :!by anw.) :fmm 1tion required by law). · the 26th day of March, 1917. Lieut. Col. Melville J. Shaw to be a colurn:H i n the Marine Maj. Dickinson P. Hall to be a lieutenant 1e:e1one1 :in ·:the · ·corps, from the 26th day of March, 1917, Marine Corps from the 26th day of March,":l.917. Capt. Russell B. Putnam, assistant paymaster, 'to 1b-e ..an assist- Maj. Charles H. Lyman to be a lieutenant :l!.Olonel in file · :ant paymaster in the l\1arine Corps, with the ;ranK 'Of 'Illftjor, 1\Iarine Corps from the 26th day of March, 19.1.7. ·:from the 26th day of March, 1917. Maj. Charles C. Carpenter to be a lieutenunt m:owmll l.n the Maj. Frederic M. Wise to be a lieutenant colo-nel in the Marine Marine Corps (subject to examination req_uii:ed :Q.y · RW:) "from ~.Corps (subject to examination required by law)., ffilrom fhejffith the 26th day of March, 1917. .:day of March, 1917. . Maj. Louis McC. Little to be a lieutenant -:colonel 1n •:file . The following-named first lieutenants to 'be :cn.;p:ta.ins in -the Marine Corps (subject to examination requi:r.ed ~Y !law'j '!fmm · ::Marine Corps from the 26th day of March, 1917: the 26th day of March, 1917. _ James L. Underhill, and Capt. Eugene P. Fortson to be a major .in 'fire Marine Oor;ps Bryan C. Murchison. from the 26th day of March, 1917. · Alton A. Gladden, a citizen of Maryland, o 'be -a ;sec.onu lieu- Capt. Jesse F. Dyer to be a major in the .Mn:r:ine ~corps l fllib- ttenant in the l\Iarine Corps for a probatioruu:y period iOf :two ject to examination required by law) from 'the :26th ::dey :of _;years from the 15th day of August. 1917. March, 1917. The following-named captains to be majm'S .in the Ma:rine Capt. James J. Meade to be a major lin ;the .!:1\lar.ine ~Dr.ps :Corps, for temporary service, from the 22d ~day Gf.May, ;9'11: from the 26th day of March, 1917. · Frederick A. Barker, · - ~ - CONGR.ESSIONAL· · RECORD-~ SENATE~ SEPTEMBER 29.,

... Edward B. Cole, James F. Jeffords, 'William T. Hoadley,. Jacob M. Pearce, jr.1 Alexander M .. Watson1 - Gordon Watt, Emile P. Moses, Thomas P. Cheatham, Harold F. Wirgman. Thomas E. Bourke, Joseph A. Rossell, William C. James, ~­ Clayton B. Vogel, Daniel E. CampbeH. Edward H. Conger, William B. Black, J Henry N. Manney, jr~ Maurice G. Holmesi Franklin B. Garrett. 1 Charles C. Gill, . .Samue_l W. Bogan,- 1 James E. Betts, · Calvin B. 1\Iatthews, : NormanS. Hinman, Albert E. Randall, George Faunce Adams4 Arthur Racicot, Wethered Woodworth, Frederick A. Gardener, · James W. Webb, Tom D. Barber, John M. Tildsley, . Edward ·w. Sturdevant, Le Roy P. Hunt, Andrew B. Drum, Louis E. Woods, - Victor I. Morrison, Edward R. Rhodes, Maurice E. Shearer, Harry K. Cochran, , Harry G. Bartlett, -· Donald R. Fox, \ , Charles A. Lutz, · William MeN. Marshall. " Calhoun Ancrum, George H. Scott, " David M. Randall, · Alexander Galt, l ~ Holland M. Smith,; Paul R. Cowley, John R. Henley, Allen W. Harrington, jr•• Henry S. Green, Bailey M. Coffenberg, . Ralph L. Shepard, Eugene F. C. Collier, · Howard W. Stone, Evans 0. Ames, William W. Buckley, Stanley M. Muckleston. 'William C. Wise, jr., William H. Davis, William D. Smith, Richard N. Platt, Harold B. Pratt, William E. Williams, Randolph Coyle, William W. Scott, jr., Philip H. Torrey, Franklin A. Hart, Robert L. Denig, George Franklin Adams. Charles S. McReynolds, George ,V. Spotts, - Charles F. B. Price, · and Bruce J. Millner, William C. Powers, jr. _ Emmett W. Skinner. The following-named assistant quariei·maslers with Uie rank Jesse J. Burks, of captain to be assistant quartermasters in the Marine Corps William LaF. Crabbe. with the rank of major, for temporary service, from the 22d Harlan E. Major, day of May, 1917 : - :n'rank L. Morris, Jeter R. Horton, William P. Richaras. Bennet Puryear, jr., and Edward G. Hagan, Russell H. Davis. . . Thomas B. Gale, .,. The following-named first lieutenants to be captains in the Thomas F. Harris, 1\Iarine Corps, for temporary service, from the 23d pay of May, Charles M. Jones, 1917: 1 • . • ·- l . Lewis L. Gover, Robert S. Hunter, Willett Elmore, Glenn D. Miller, Arthur H. Turner, an·d Burwell H. Clarke, Roy C. Swink. . Phi1ip T. Case, The following-named first lieutenants to be captains in the Walter G. Sheard, Marine Corps, for temporary service,_ from the 3d day of Charles A. Wynn, June, 1917: Thomas E. Watson.: Leon L. Dye, Roger W. Peard, Lee W. Wright, Thad T. Taylor, Reuben B. Price, Herbert Rosenzweig,; George P. Doane, Paul Brown, John W. Mueller, · · Charles A. Howell, John F. McVey, John Denison Nevin, John T. Baugh, . Charles P. Gilchrist, Harold H. Rethman·11 ~ Lloyd L. Leech, Walter J. Green, · George C. Hamner, James E. Reich,· James M. Bain, . CarlS. Schmid~ Harold S. Fassett.: : !fofill F. Burnes, Karl I. Buse, Charles Ubel, John R. Martin, Charles C. St. Clair, :~ Gustav Karow, John Waller, Jesse H. Fugate, jr.,-' Harry Halladay, . Samuel A. Woods, jr•• Eugene L. Pelletier~ Raphael Griffin, Otto Salzman, Horace C. Coopei·, Harry V. Sh'ilrtleff11 ~ Peter C. Geyer, jr.1 Fred G. Patchen, James E. Davis, William F. Beattie, · James T. Moore, Francis E. Pierc~ William C. Byrd, Harry W. Gamble,. George B. ReynoldsJI Leslie G. Melville, David H. Owen, Edwin P. McCaulley/ Joseph E. Brewster• Robert F. Slinglutr, Nimmo Old, jr., Roscoe Arnett, Benjamin T. Cripps, Francis 0. Cushing, Louis W. Whaley~ Charles L. Eickmann~ John 1\I. Arthur, Thomas Quigley1 1917~ --.- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- s-ENATE~, :7529

Patrick W. Guilfoyle, John J. Mahoney, Frank Z. Becker, Albert J. Phillips, Nathan E. Landon, Jacob Jacobowitz, ·• Eugene L. Mullally, James McCoy, Robert H. Shiel, Augustus B. Hale, John J. Mahoney, Walter E. McCaughtry, Albert J. Phillips, William 0. Corbin, Jacob Jacobowitz, Thomas J. Curtis, James McCoy, John P. McCann, and Augustus B. Hale, Maurice A. Willard. , Walter E. McCaughtry, The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants William 0. Corbin, in the Marine Corps, for temporary servic~ from the ·15th day Thomas J. Curtis, of June, 1917: · · John P. McCann, and Harry A. Ellsworth, Maurice A. Willard. Charles B. Hobbs, The following-named first lieutenants to be captains in the Warren C. Barnaby, Marine Corps, for temporary service, from the 16th day of Maurice C. Gregory, June, 1917: James T. AUen, Harry A.· Ellsworth, Gustav F. Bloedel, 1 , Charles B. Hobbs, John Strong, Warren C. Barnaby, • William A·. McGinley a Maurice C. Gregory, Thomas Dwight, James T . .Allen, John J ; Hatey, Gustav F. Bloedel, 'Valter Wooding, John Strong, Frank D. Creamer, William A. McGinley, 'Villiam Mills, Thomas Dwight, Robert E. Williams, John J. Haley, Harry E. Horner, Walter Wooding, Robert W. Maxwell, Frank D. Creamer, William F. Thalheimer. William Mills, Thomas F. Carney, Robert E. Williams, Benjamin F. Fogg, Harry E. Horner, Howell Cobb, Robert 'V. Maxwell, Charlie Dunbeck, 'Vllliall.l F. Thalheimer, Thomas E'. Joyce, 'l'homas F. Carney, Charles Grimm, Benjamin F. Fogg, William F. Brown, Howell Cobb, James W. Lattin, Charlie Dunbeck, Henry A. Riekers, Thomas F. Joyce, • Augustus T. Lewis, Charles Grimm, Edward McEvoy, William F. Brown, Charles D. M~ginness, .James ,V. Lattin, James Keeley, Henry A. Riekers, Eugene B. Mimms, Augustus T. Lewis, William H. Stevens, F.;{]ward McEvoy, and Henry Baptist, Charles D. Meginness. Francis Fisk, The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants Robert W. Williams, in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from the 2d day of Peter Conachy, · ·- - June, 1917: Charles E. Mills, Leon L. Dye, Wilbur G. Gunn, Lee W. Wright, John Blanchfield, Reuben B. Price, Carl E. Clark, and George P. Doane, Arthur J'. Stout. John W. Mueller, The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants .John F. McVey, in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from th~ 30th day of .John T. Baugh, June, 1917: Harold H. Rethman, J'ulius T. Wrigbt, Walter J. Green, Andrew E. Creesy, James E. Reich, Arthu:r H. Page, jr., Carl S. Schmidt, Donald Curtis, John F. Burnes, Jesse L. Perkins, and Charles Ubel, Samuel J. Bartlett. Charles C. St. Clair, The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants John Waller, in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from the 25th day of Harry Halladay, July, 1917: Eugene L. Pelletier, Clarence N. McClure, Otto Salzman, Michael Kearney, Harry· V. Shurtleff, Edward H. W. Holt, Fred G. Patchen, Bror G. Brodstrom, William F. Beattie, Kirt Green, Francis E. Pierce, Angus Wilson, Harry W. Gamble, Fred Lueders, Leslie G. Melville, Charlie Hansen, Edwin P. McCaulley, Charles S. Beale, Robert F. Slingluff, Raymond F. Dirksen, Roscoe Arnett, Walter J. Eddington, jr., Francis C. Cushing, Frank Whitehead, Charles L. Eickmann, James P. Smith, Thomas Quigley, Frank E. Verner, Patricli W. Guilfoyle, Norman M. Shaw, Frank Z. Becker, J'oseph Watson, Nathan E. Landon, Abel E. LeBlanc, Eugene L. Mullally, Oliver A. Dow, Robert H. Shiel, J' ohn P. Harvis, SEPTEMBER. :29~

William Borghart, Robert J. Archibald, and John F. Duffy, Gilder D. Jackson, jr. William R. Perry, The following-named second lieutenants to roo 'first .teutenants William J. Holloway, in the Marine Corps, for temporary service,tfrom:tbe'"lth ·ilay. of Bert Pearson, August, 1917: - · - - . Harry H. Couvrette. Percy D. Cornell, Pink H. Stone, Newton Best, Harry T. Rodenhoffer. Angus A. Acree, Frank Patterson, William A. Worton, Charles G. Knoechel, Jonas H. Platt, .Qmrles ~. J1tleftel, James F. Rorke, .Jltihn rF. vans, Charles McK. Krausse, John A. McDonald, Alan V. Parker, Ray W. Jeter, John F. Horn, Albert J. Grimes, .Ross W. Davidson, Clarence H. 1\!edairy• . lenD lE ..:Ha :yt!S, Robert Yowell, 1Eibmmd tL. iesner., Louie W. Putnam, Robert L. Duane, Stephen F. Drew, Lynn B. Coovert, Charles F. Finger, Robert A. Kennedy, William S. Robinson, John F. Talbot, Edward G. Huefe, Stanley A. Beard, John Kearns, John L. Garner, jr-., James H. MeGan, John W. Thomason, jr., James E. Snow, Stewart B. O'Neill, and Harry L. Jones, Clarence Ball. Hans 0. Martin, The following-named second lieutenants to .be.:ilrst lteutena.nts Robert J. Woodrich, . in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, 'from ;the lll'th ~ tlay Harry Paul, of August, 1917 : William Workman, Kenneth E. Schwinn, Alvin J. Daigler, Dan E. Root, John W. Hingle, Merritt B. Curtis, Augustus Aike~ Charles T. Brooks, Austin G. Rome, tj James L. Denham, William Merrill, Herbert Hardy, Joseph Jackson, Richard B. Buchanan, Clate C. Snyder, Benjamin R. A vent, William J. Borden, WilUam H. McCormick. Earl C. Nicholas, David R. Kilduff, Frank F. Zissa, James A. Connor, Martin J. Kelleher, Einar W. Jacobsen, Martin Canavan, Hugh McFarland, Joseph M. Swinnerton. Walter D. Shelly, Leslie G. Wayt, Bert A. Bone, Charles A. Smith, Charles B. Maynard1 Robert W. Winter, Carl F. Dietz, Edward P. Oliver, Oliver.P. Smith, Sidney 0. Thompson, Ml.J.gh ·&tppey., Max Cox, o~J)b ·· G. 'J:Wa.r'd, William H. Haggerty, Baptiste Barthe, Walter J. White, Sidney R. Vandenberg, Edgar S. Tuttle, Robert C. Thaxton, Thomas L. Edwards, James D. McLean, Charles MeL. Lott, Thomas S. Whiting, · oseph · Rear.dnn, Robert Blake, iltussell .iA. · :reSley, Henry D. Linscott, William L. Erdman, John G. E. Kipp, Ernest L. Russell, William T. Clement, Frank N. Gilmore, Ralph E. West, William J. Flanagan, Euvelle D. Howard, James F. Robertsont Alfred H. Noble, William F. Becker, Keith E. Kinyon, Charles H. Martin, Harlen Pefley, :Rolin ·A. · -ork, Frank D. Strong, hn:rles ;F. r:rueBast, Lyman Passmore, 'Harvey B. Mims, and , ~ Louis W. Bartol, Earl B. Hammond. Donald Kenyon, The following-named second lieutenants to:beffirst'lieutenant:i Clifford 0. Henry, in the Marine Corps, for temporary serviee, · rmn tthe '.'28th·ilayt John Sellon, of July, 1917: · l .Joseph T. Smith, Charles G. Haas, and l Hiram R. Mason, Charles E. Rice. 1 Horatio P. Mason, The following-named second lieutenants to be:Hrst 1ieuten11ntS: Carleton S. Wallace, in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from i~the . st llay ot;· ·George B. Lockhart, August, 1917: · John D. Macklin, Mark A. Smith, Jack S. Hart, Timothy J. Holland, Omar T. Pfeiffer, Vincent E. Healy, Robert S. Pendletolls Charles D. Sniffen, Drinkard B. :Milner, Walter A. Powers, Roscoe A. Parcel, William H. Abrams, Davis A. Holladay, Edmund G. Chamberlain, Frank P. Snow, · Clarence E. Nelson, Samuel W. Freeny; George H. Martin, jr., Julius C. Cogswell, Benjamin DeW. Knapp, William H. Harrison1 1917 .. CONGRESSIONAL: RECORD-SENATE. 7531~

Campbell H. Brown, Cadet_John Richard Wilmot Diehl. Fred W. Clarke, jr., Cadet Rudolph Daniel Delehanty. Edmund P. Norwood, Cadet William Henry \Vhiting Reinburg. - Edwin R. Brecher, . Cadet Elmer Hugo Almquist. Thomas T. McEvoy, Cadet Frank Leslie Carr. William H. Price, Cadet Frank Edmund Bertholet. Lewie G. Merritt, and Cadet Marion Carson. · Harry C. Savage, jr. · Cadet Rossiter Hunt Garity. The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants Cadet Frank Charles Jedlicka. in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from the 16th day Cadet Leo Buffington Conner. of August, 1917 : Cadet John Boersig Saunders. John Frost, Cadet Arthur Burnola Curtis. George F. Smithson, Cadet Desmond O'Keefe. John P. Adams, Cadet Hal l\Iarney Rose. Henry E. Chandler, Cadet Frederick John Durrschmidt. · Otto E. Bartoe, Cadet Milton Wickers Davis. Ernest E. Eiler, Cadet John Bellinger Bellinger, jr. Harold D. Shannon, FIELD ARTILLERY ARM. Robert M. Johnson, To be second lieutenants. Louis R. Jones, Ramond J. Bartholomew, Cadet ·Thurston Elmer Wood. Bruce B. MacArthur, Cadet John l\Iichael Johnson. - Claude A. Larkin, Cadet William Oliver Reeder. Macon C. Overton, Cadet William Karl Kolb. Erwin Mehlinger, Cadet William Robert Gerhardt. Wiliam B. Croka, Cadet Theodore Earl Buechler. Lothar R. LOng, Cadet Frederick Edwin Tibbetts, jr. Gilbert D. Hatfield, Cadet Samuel Durand Ringsdorf. Amos R. Shinkle, Cadet Redmond Francis Kernan, jr. Bruce Gootee, jr., Cadet Theodore Leslie Futch. George H. Morse, jr., Cadet Russell Luff Meredith. Marc J.\.1. Ducote, Cadet William Innes Wilson. Wesley W. Walker, Cadet Harold Allum Cooney. Lewis B. Freeman, Cadet John Thornton Knight, jr. Lucian W. Burnham, Cadet 1\Iiles Andrew Cowles. William K. Snyder, Cadet Lawrence l\IcCeney Jones. Shaler Ladd, Cadet Gordon Graham Heiner, jr. Robert l\.1. Montague, Cadet Edward Joseph Wolff, jr: Alfred C. Cramp, COAST ARTILLERY CORPS. James T. Yarborough, and To be second lieutenants. John A. Willis, jr. Cadet Dean Ingersoll Piper. Cadet Otto Max J enk. CONFIRMATIONS. Cadet Herman Uth Wagner. E:cecttti-t: e nominations confirmed by the Senate September 29, Cadet Philip Stevens Day. 1917. Cadet George Walter Hirsch. UNITED STATES A'ITORNEY. Cadet Forrest Clifford Shaffer. Emon O.Mahoney, to be United States attorney for the western Cadet William Riley, Deeble, jr. district of Arkansas. Cadet Frank Fenton Reed. Cadet John Will Coffey. CoLLECTORS OF CusToMs. Cadet Frank Celestine l\Ieade. Byron R. Newton to be collector of customs for customs collec­ Cadet Lawrence Dwight. tion district No. 10, with headquarters at New York, N.Y. Cadet Everett Thurston Brown. John 0. Davis to be collector of customs for customs collection Cadet Clyde Hobart Morgenthaler. uistrict No. 28, with headquarters at San Francisco, Cal. l Cadet Willard Merrill Hall. NAVAL OFFICER OF CUSTO:MS. Cadet Tracy Campbell Dickson, jr. James H. Barry to be naval officer of customs in customs col­ Cadet Robert Wilson Hasbrouck. lection district No. 28, with headquarters at San Francisco, Cal. Cadet Howard Patterson Faust. Cadet John Taylor de Camp. APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY. Cadet Wallace Duncan Collins. CORPS OF ENGINEERS. Cadet Sargent Prentiss Huff. To be second lieutena'it-ts. Cadet William Henry Donaldson, jr. Cadet Herman Heriry Pohl. Cadet Henry Maris Black. Cadet Gerald Alford Counts. Cadet Willard David Murphy. Cadet Hiram Baldwin Ely. Cadet Council Bryan Palmer. Cadet Kenneth Mason Moore. Cadet John Claron Hawkins. Cadet Charles Dashiell Harris. INFANTRY ARM. Cadet Edmond Harrison Levy. To . be second lieuten.ants. Cadet Thomas Dodson Stamps. Cadet Bartley Marcus Harloe. Cadet Joseph Isadore Cohen. Cadet Starr Clifton Wardrop. Cadet Henry Anson Barber, jr. Cadet Girard Blakesley Troland. Cadet Robert Alston Willard. Cadet Llewellyn Mason Griffith. Cadet John Marcus Erwin. Cadet William Beggs Carswell, jr. CAVALRY ARM. Cadet Wilson Gunning Bingham. To be second lieutenants. Cadet Charles Cope Bartley. Cadet Grayson Oooper Woodbury. Cadet Robert MacDonald Graham. Cadet Duncan Gregor McGregor. Cadet Rudolph Francis Whitelegg. Cadet Thomas Jackson Heavey. Cadet Loyd Van Horne Durfee. Cadet Wallace Francis Safford. Cadet John Henry Norton. Cadet Joshua Ashley Stansell. Cadet William Winchester Paca. Cadet Raymond Eccleston Serveira Williamson. Cadet John Ter Bush Bissell. Cadet David Charles George Schlenker• . Cadet Charles Aloysius Mahoney. Cadet Harry Tremaline Wood. Cadet George Senseny Eyster. Cadet Earl Frank Knoob. Cadet Henry Richard Anderson. Cadet Robert Earl Symmonds. Cadet William McCaskey Chapman. 'I I\ , - ' - ( . .CONGRESSIONAL RE€j0RJJ-: ][@USE;.. SEPTEMBER' 29:~ ·

Cadet Kenneth Paul 1\Im;ruy.;. )\fr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, reserving_ the· right· t report orr the revenue ' The SPEAKER. The gentleman· from North• EJarolina asks bill, together with :the statement of' the managers, at any time unanimous cODBent to- Have· read' and! prihted in· tlie RECOBD a before midnight to-night. Is there: obj'ection:?· letter from the Secretaryo of' State;. without any comment on· his l\fr. KITCHIN. To be printed in. the RECORD to-nigpt. own part.· Is. there objection? 1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE·. 7533

l\!1·. MOORE of P-ennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, reserving the Mr. CARTER of Okl.a.homa. It does not increase the cost at right to object, I would like to ask the- g-entleman if this letter all, and no appropriation is made here; It simply provides that relates to any contt·oversy as ~tween the State Department the appropriation which was made for the post offi-ce might be and the House of Representatives?> used for tbe post office and other Government offices. Nowr if Ah··. .POU. I do not think it relates to any· controversy. It the gentleman will let me explain for a moment further, when is a very specifie dedaration on the part of th-e State Depart­ the public buil~ing was authorized at Durant in 1913 there were ment w.hlch I think the House of Representatives would lik-e no other Government activities at Durant. Since that time there to bear. has been established there an Indian agency of about six: to eight Mr. MOORE of Pennsylvania. In the judgment o:( the gentle­ ·persons, some agricultural agents, two or three in number, I man, is it such a l~tter aR will provoke a controversy thi.s morn­ think, a civil-service examination board, post-office inspector, ing on the floor of the House? and a naval recruiting station. The letter of the department Mr. POU. I do not think it is. If it were, I would not does not set out in detail these things, but does set out the offer it. necessity fur the legislation. Since the letter was sent to the The SPEAKER. It will not, else the Chair would not have­ Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds I have gotten in recognized the gentleman to offer it. Is there. objection? communication with Mr. Wetmore and he furnished me the other [After a pause.] The Chair hears. none-, and the Olerk will read Government agencies that would have to be cared for, and it the letter. amounts to some 10 to 18 persons. The Clerk read as follows : Mr. MADDEN. I would like to ask wh-at the population of the DEPAR'Pl\IE.N'P OF ST.A.TE, town of Durant is? Wq.soo1g~on, Sep,tember f8, 19~ HQn. E,DWARD. W. Pou., Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. The population in 1915 was some H ous.e of Revre8entatives. 5 300. The school census taken last year indicates. a population MY DEAR MR. Pou : In response to your inquiry ove~; the telephon~ of something over 10,000. to-day, addressed to the department, I beg to inform you that the State Mr. MADDEN. What is the limit of cost placed. on the build­ Department bas qo evi;urpose to employ agencies 1\Ir. CARTER of Oklahoma. This · bill contemplates the use to in.tluen.ce tbem of which they would have no knowledge and in case they were il)llqen.c(ld would be entirely, innocent, I do not k:J,low what of a fund whicb the department had not contemplated using the organization was. This e:q>os~ ls apropos of Germa-n: methods of and perhaps it contemplates taking off some things from the pea~e propag~nda- and there- is no intention of casting· suspicion on Mem­ building in tbe way of ornamentation. and so forth, and using bers ot Congress:• tt to. prQvide more room space. Believe me. D)Y dear Mr. Pou., Mr. ~fADDEN. Does the gentleman assure the House that Yo~~s, ver:v, truly, Acu~s:;eti;;,:~txState. the necessites of the other activities in this building will not LEAVE OF ABSENCE. mcrease the cost? By un,animous· consent, leave-of absence was granted to. Mr. Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. Absolutely, if the Trea-sury De­ LABSEN for two days, on account of important business on behalf partment officials-. can be believed,. because it is set out in the ot

Mr. .NORTON rose. Provided fttrther, That the superintendent, foreman, or other l\Ir. PARKER- of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker--- duly authorized employee, at a mine, quarry, or other work, 1\Ir. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, I desire to say, on yesterday-­ may, when licensed so to do, se'l or issue, to any workman The SPEAKER. Let us see about that. under him, such an amJ.mnt of explosives, or ingredients, as may Mr. PARKER of Ne\v Jersey. I want to ask the gentleman be required by that workman in the performance of his dutie , a question. · and the workman may purchase or accept the explosives or The SPEAKER. Fol· what purpose does the gentleman rise? ~ngredients, so sold or issued, but the person so selling or i~su­ 1\Ir. 1\IADDEN. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask for the regular order. mg same shall see that any unused explosi,es, or ingredient , 'The SPE..\KER. The regular order is the discussion of this are retm·ned, and that no explosives, or ingredients, are taken bill. by the workman to any point not necessary to the carrying on 1\lr. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, unless I can address the House of his duties. for 10 minutes I shall have to object. " SEc. 6. That nothing contained herein shall apply to ex­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman has a perfect right to object. plosive or ingredients while being transported upon vessels or Mt'. NORTON. 1\lr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ railroad cars in conformity with statutory law or Interstate dress the House for 10 minutes at the conclusion of the consid­ Commerce Commission rules. eration of this bill. :'SEc. 7. That from and after 40 days after the passage of The SPEAKER. The gentleman can not make that request thiS act no person shall manufacture e~-plosiYes unle s licensed during the discussion of this bill. so to do, as hereinafter provided. 1\'Ir. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, then I object. " SEc. 8. That any licensee or applicant for license hereunder EXPLOSIVES. shall furnish such information regarding himself and his busi­ l\lr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up the conference report ness, so far as such business relates to or is connected with on the bill (H. R. 3932). explosive or ingredients at such time and in such manner as the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois [Mr. FosTER] Director of the Bureau of !\fines, or his authorized representa­ culls up a conference report, which the Clerk will report by title. tive, may request, excepting that those who have been or are at the time of the pas age of this act regularly engaged in the The· Cie1~ read as follows: An act (H. R. 3932) to prohibit the manufacture, distribution, stor­ manufacture of explosives shall not ·be compelled to disclose age, usc. and possession in time of war of explosives, providing regula­ secret processes, costs, or other data unrelated to the distribu- tions for ttre safe manufactltre, distribution, storage, use, and possession tion of explosives. · of the same, and for other. pu,rposes. . " SEc. 9. That from and after 40 days after the passage and l\Ir. FOSTER. l\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that approval of this act every person authorized to sell issue or the statement be rean or :fire has occun-ed, kind of ·explo ives or ingredients now on hand; whether sales, to examine plans, books, and papers, to administe1· oaths to, and if any, have been made to jobbers, wholesalers, retnilers, · or to examine all witnesses and 'Persons concerned, without let or reonsumers; the :kind of license to be issued, and the kind and hindrance on the part of the owner, lessee, operator, or agent amount of explo ives or ingredients to be authorized by the thereof. licen e · and such . further information as the Director of the ·~sEc. 21. That the Director of the Bureau of Mines, with the .Bureau' of .Mines may, by rule, from time to time require. approval of the President is hereby authorized to utilize such ~Applications for vendor's, purcha er's, or foreman's licenses a·gents, agencies, and all officers of the United States and of the shall be made to such officers of the State, TerTitory, or depend­ several States, . Territories, dependencies, and municipalities ency having jurisdiction in the district within whi{!h the ex­ thereof, and the District of Columbia, in the ·execution of this plosives or ingredients are to be sold or used, and havi?g the act, and all agents, agencies, and all officers of the United. States power to administer oaths as may be de ignated by the Director and of the several States and Territories, dependencies, antl of the 'Bureau of Mines, who shall issue the ·same in the name of municipalities thereof, and the District of Columbia, -shall hereby such director:. Such officers shall be entitled to receive from the have full authority for all acts done by them hi the execution appiicant a fee of 25 cents for each ·ucense issued. They shall of this act when acting by the diTection of the Bureau of Mines. keep an accurate record of all licenses issued in manner .1md " SEc. 22. That for the enforcement ·of the p1·ovisions of this form to ·be pre. cribed by the Director of the Bureau of Mm~, act, including personai servi<'es in -the District {)f Columbia and to whom they shall make reports from time to time as may be elsewhere, and including supplies, equipment, expenses of travel­ by rule issuef the Senate may =-'PPOint in each State and in .Alaska chase of motor-propelled, passenger-carrying vehicles." an explosives inspecto~·. whose duty it shall be, under the direction And the Senate agree to the ...arne. · of the Director of tb.e Bureau of Mines, to see .:that this act is faithfully executed and observed. Each su-ch inspectm: ·shall l\1. D. FosT~ receive a salary of $2,400 per annum. He may at any time be · EDWARD T. T.A:p,O.R;, detailery, or depenclency of the United States. Ma11af}c1·s on. t'he pari of the Ho·u.s.e.. All additional employees required in carrying out the provisions . KEY P::rr'l'MAN' of this act shall be appointed by the Director of the Bureau of JOHN F. SHA:F:R.OTH, Mines, subject to the .approval ·of the Secretary of tlle Interior. MlLES POINJ)EXTEB, "SEc. .14. Tha.t it shall be unlawful for any person to repre­ Managers en the part of tlt-e Senate. sent 'bimself as having a license issued under this .act, when he has not sneh a licen e, or as having a license different in form or 1n STA.TEMEN.T. _ conditions from the one which he in fact has, or without prope1· . The manag-ers on the·· part of the .House,'. after full and fr-ee .a.uthority make, -cause to be made, i sue or exhibit anything · conference f .any licensee, in the conference report. or applicant for license, without authority from the applicant On m:nendment No. 1: The Senate added the words ~except for license or from tbe Director ·of the B.\u·ean_of MJne . as in this act 'Provided." The House reced-es and agre~ to tOO "SEc. 1-6. That every person authori.z.ed under this act to same. manufacture or store - ~losives or. ingredients shall elea~ly On amendment No. 2; The Senate struck rout sections 2, 3, 4, mark :md define the prem1ses on. which this :plant or magazm~ nnd 5 and inserted new language. 'The Hou e ngrees to t'b.'is may be and shall conspicuously display thereon the words ' Ex- I -amendment with the ·following amendments: . plosives-Keep ·Off.' . . : Strike out all of ·section 4 and insert the followiug 1::rnguag,e "' SEc. 11. That no person, w1thout the consent of t~'le owner l in lieu thel'eOf: "That the word 'persons," when used herein, ·or his authorizec~ agents, except pea~e officers, t~e J?Irect~n: of . shall include States, Territories, the District of ee,lumbia, .Alaska, tbe Bur·e~u of Mmes .and persons deSI~ated by h:m m wnt~ng, and other dependencies of fhe United States, and municipal -sub· shall be m or upon rany plant or pre~nses on winch explosiyes . divisions thereof, individual citizens, firms, associations, so~ nTe mmmfactured or -sto:·ed, m: ':be m or upon any magaZine · .cieties and corporations ·of the United States and 'Of other coun· ])remises on which explosives are stored; nor shall ~Y per~m ; tries -~t peace with the United States." discharge ·any firearms or _tlll•o:v -ar place any expl{)s:ves 'Or ;m- , Section 5: .Strike out the word " thirty~· and insert th-e :ttam~bl~ ~otnbs - a~, on, .01 agamst any such plant .or magazme ' word "forty:., In the same section, after the word "act," just pr~rmses~ or cau e the ~e t~ b~ done. . . preceding the proviso., insert the following proviso : " P.rovidcdJ. SE~. 18. That_the Director of tl1e_Bnreau of 1\l~nes.Is hereby "That the pm·chase or possession of said ingredients when pm;· :m.thonzed t? mn.te ·rules a~d regulations for calTying mto e:n:ect chased or held in smnll quantities and not used or intended 00 th!~ act, subJect to the ap.prov~~ of ~he Secretary <>f the .I~erwr. .be used in the manufacture of explosives." After the w~rd SE.c. 19. That any pe1son -vw~tmg any of the proviSIOns of "P ·a d, . rt the word "furt1ter." In the ·same section th~s act, or a~y- rules m: regulations mad": thereunder, shall be aft~~v~: wor~~~issue, strike out the wol·ds "at the beginning gm~ty of a m1saemeano~ an.~ shall be purushed bY . a fine of no~ . of a shift." In tbe same section after the word ... dutie&," where - m01e than $5,000 or by.ImP_~J.sonment ~ot more than one year, or it first appears, strike out the words "fot· that shift ont:;-:" by}oth sucp. fine and l:npns~nment. . . . - .After the word ".return " strike out the worilB ""at 'the end of SE<:· 20. Th~t the _Director of tbe ~meau of Mmes 1~ hereby the shift." .At the end of the section· strilre out.th:e words u..:for authon.zed t_o ~vest1g.~!e all exp~~~wns and fires wh1ch ?DRY . that shift."

occur m mme , quarnes, factone::s, warellouses: ma~UZllles, . . Str·ik·y t ·th ·d " ·rt ' . d · ·t th ~ord 'houses cn:rs boat conve"'-·anc..x: and all pilaces m which ·ex- · Section 1 · e on e wor .SI Y an mser e ' ' I ' I ,} ~ "{ I I "f •ty II :plosives or the ingredients thereof are manufactured, trans- : · or : . .· . " . .. , . . th d . p 01~te:J., stored, or u ed, and shall, in his discretion, report his Sechon 9. Strike out the word s1xty nntl msert e wor finding , in such manner as he may deem fit, to the proper Fed- " forty.. " · eml or State authorities, to the end that if such explosion has Section 11: .After the word "the," and before the word " -na. been brought' about by a willful act the person 01· person causing tion," ·insert the words "subject·.or citiz-ens .Qof.'' In the sa:Dle -snc11 act may be proceeded against aricl'brm1gllt to jnstice; or, if csection, strike out ,the words !'the c _i~zens" and in ert the -said e:xpl{)sion has been brought about bY .accidental means, word " to." ' - that precautions may be taken to prevent similar accidents from Section· 12: Strike out the words "or organization." . .

CO ;GRESSION£\._L- RECORD-HOUSE . . - .. SEPTE~IBER 29,

.After the word " used " and before the word- '' ha\ing :• in­ 1\Ir. HAMLIN. The print of- the bill ·containing the Senate sert the word" and." amendment, under section 10, subdivision (d), reads as follows: After the ·word " oaths " insert a comma. Strike out the Foreman's licens~. authorizing. the purchase and possession of ex­ figures " 50 " and insert the figures " 25." plosives and ingredients; and the sale and issuance of explosives an.d Section 13: Strike out the word "shall" and insert the word ingredients to workmen under the proviso to section 4 above. "may." It is not very clear to my mind. Section 4 above as agreed on At the end of the section, after the word " 1\Iines," strike reads: . out the period and insert a comma and add the following words: That tLe words "person " or " citizen of the United States of "subject to the approval of the Secretary of Interior." .America " and the personal pronouns, when used herein, shall include Section 17 : After the word " and " and before the \Yord States and other governmental entitles and the municipal subdivisions "designated" insert the word "persons." tl1ereof, individuals, firms, associations, societies, corporations and all other bodies carrying on business in the United States, its Territories Strike out the words " employees thereof " and insert the and dependencies. · . words" by him in writing." Section 18 : After the woru " act " strike out the period and There is no proviso to that section. Now, to what does this insert a comma, and add the words " subject to the approval of subdivision which I first read apply? It occurred to me that the Secretary of the Interior." the number of that section was in error. Section 20: Strike out the words " or which since the com­ Mr. FOSTER Yes; I think so. I think possibly that may mencement of the pre ent war haye occurred." be a mistake. Section 21: After the word "1\Iines," in first line, insert the Mr. HA.l\ILIN. Possibly it meant to say "in accordance with words " with the approYnl of the President." the 'provisions ' of the section." Section 22: After the word " vehicles " strike out the words Mr. FOSTER. That may be what it.meant to say. "and boats." · - Mr. HAMLIN. Yet I hardly see how the matter treated of in Strike out the figure "4" and insert the figure "3," so as to subdivision (d) of section 10 applies to section 4 at all. I hardly read " $300,000." see the connection. · . l\1. D. FOSTER, Mr. .FOSTER. I think that it may be a typographical error Enw ABD T. TAYLOR, if at all. . _' E. E. DENISON, 1\fr. HAMLIN. I was inclined to think that it ought to be Managers on the part of the House. "provision," but it does not read well as it is. - 1\11·. FOSTER. No; I do not think it does, if it reads that way~ Mr. STAFFORD. 1\lr. Speaker, if the gentleman does not Mr. HAMLI~. Has the gentleman the original notes? . intend to explain the conference report, will he· yield me 10 Mr. FOSTER. I do not l1ave them here. . minutes of time? Mr. STAFFORD. Will the gentleman yield to me some time Mr. FOSTER. In just a minute. I want to stute, 1\Ir. while examining t11at, or does lle wish to bold the floor? Speaker, that the House proYided the President should pro­ Mr. FOSTER. I will yield 10 minutes to the gentleman. In mulgate the regulations and make theiL in effect after so many the meantime I will examin~ to see if any mistake has been days. ~'he Senate sb·uck out those provisions and wrote into made. this law these regulations providing for licenses and under .1\lr. STAFFORD. Mr. Speaker, the bill before the House as what conditions the licenses hould be issued and to what per­ agTeed to in conference has not heretofore been considered by sons. They struck out of the House bill sections 2, 3, 4, and 5 tbi ' House. The bill as it passed the House was a regulatory and inserted new matter which was different from the House measure, vesting in the President the authority to control the provisions, except in one or two particulars, which are prac­ manufacture and the storage of explosives. It carried no appro­ tically the same as the House bill. The House conferees in priation. The bill went to the Senate, and the Senate brought going over the bill found that there were some provisions in back a bill providing for an · elaborate method of licensing, the Senate amendment that would not be applicable, especially which had not been considered by the House at all. When con· in coal-mining ilisb.·icts. That is, it provided that there should sent was asked by the gentleman from Illinois to send this be issued the necessary explosive for one shift only. Those bill to conference, I asked him whether he agreed with the who are acquainted with the coal-mining industry of course Senate provision, and he stated positively that he did not, but know that a miner purchases and takes into the mine a keg that he believed the House bill was far superior. At that of powder at a time, and that nuder State law it is required to time I did not approve of the Senate provisions, but we have be locked up in u secure place and kept there until the whole them now before us for approval. amount is used, and that you could not carry powder in and It is difficult for me to ascertain what is the real purpose out of the coal mines each day or for that particular shift. I of this supervisory in pedion · and of the machinery for its understand from metal men that that would not be so difficult enforcement which is provided by this bill, involving an ex­ to arrange. So the conferees struck out of the Senate amend­ penditure of $300,000, and providing for an inspector of ex· ment the provisions as to these shifts and only requires the plosive · in every Stute at a salary·of $2,400.· superintendent of the mines to see that none of that explosive Mr. MADDEN. :rtfr. Speaker, wiJl the gentleman yield? is removed from the mines. 1\fr. STAFFORD. Not just at this minute. Small-arms and The Senate provided that there should be a mining in pector shotgun carh·idges are excepted from the provisions of this in each State, and that the President should appoint him. Tlle bill. If the purpose of the bill is to supervise the manufacture conferees on the part of the House believe that it might not be of explosives, that is one thing. But whem they go to the ex­ necessary that there should be an explosives director appointed tent of requiring a license, as this bill provides, for the manu· in every State, and so changed the words to "may" instead of facturer, for the vendor, for the purchaser, for the foreman, for "shal1," so that he may appoint one, in his judgment; if neces­ the exporter, for the importer of explosives, and of all ingre­ sary, and would leave it to the President how many he would dients involved in the manufacture of eJ..-plosives, I think they appoint; but otherwise he would not do it. are going to an extent that has been unheard of in any of the Now, these are the principal changes that have been made in super"Vi ory legislation of this Congress. Let me just read to the bill. The Senate pro\ided for an appropriation of $400,000. the Hou e--becau e it ha not been read or considered at any The House conferees believed that $300,000 was sufficient to time by this Hou e-what this law does. carry on this work. Both bills provided that, with the ap­ Mr. WINGO. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? proval of the President and the Secretary of the Interior, all Mr. STAFFORD. In a moment, after I get•through with my the Federal and State agencies might be utilized in this work, preliminary statement. I read: such as the mining inspectors and superintendent of mines, SEc. 10. That the Director of the Bnreau of Mines is hereby au- wherever it might l>e necessary. thorized to issue licenses as follows : . Mr. KNUTSON. Will the gentleman yield? (a) Manufacturer's license, authorizing the manufacture, possession, and sale of explosives· and ingredients. Mr. FOSTER. Yes. (b) Vendor's license authorizing the purchase, possession, and sale Mr. KNUTSON. I would like to ask the ge_ntleman from of explosives or ingredients.1 Illinois whether the right of homesteaders in the timbered sec­ (c) Purchaser's license, authorizing the purchase and possession of explosives and ingredients. . tions of om· country to keep a supply of explosives on hand has (d) Foreman's license, authorizing the purchase and possession of been nfeguarded in this bill? explo~ives and ingredients, and the sale and is uance of explosives Mr. FOSTER. I think o. It provides a safeguard for public and ingredients to workmen under the provi o to section 4 P.bove. (e) Exporter's license, authorizing the licensee to export ~xplosives, use, and the only thing they would have to do would be to secure but uo such license shall authorize exportation in violation of any a license to handle those explosives. . · · proclamation of the President is ued under any act of Congress. , Mr. KNUTSON. They are allowed under tl}is bill to keep it (f) Importer's licen e, authorizing the licensee to import explosives. (g) Analyst's, educator's, inventor's, and investigator's licenses; au­ on hand? · · · thorizing the purchase, manufacture, possession, testing, and disposal Mr. FOSTER. Yes. of czplosives and ingredients. 1917 ... CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD-HOUSE. .7537i

Why, gentlerpen, under the licenses authorized and -required ·employees to be attached to the Bureau of Mines. Three hundred u.nder this new Senate bill that is under consideration here, every thousand dollars is not considered much these days, when you druggist in the country, every person who has in his possesr.:ion are voting billions of dollars; but this bill, ·since it was brought any ingredient that goes into the manufacture of eXplosives, will into this House, which I thought was largely the result of the be required to obtain a license. And for what? For the pro­ explosions in Jersey City, so as to give the National Government tection and safety in the manufacture of explosives? I do not some authority to control and supervise the shipment and the think that anyone contends that that is the purpose. For pro­ care in shipment of high explosives, has been changed so as to tection and secl,lrity in the transportation of· explosives? There alter its entire character. is a provision in this bill that especially exempts the provisions Now, the gentleman's attention has been called by the gentle­ of this bill from the carriage of explosives in interstate com­ man from Missouri [Mr. HAMLIN] to some grammatical errors merce. For the prevention of the transportation of powder that require some change. I direct the gentleman's attention to abroad? No one will contend mat there is any chance what­ some other matters that I would like to have his opinion on. ever, under the embargoes now established, that there will be Mr. FOSTER. The gentleman called attention to the proviso any possibility of any powder being sent to any foreign foe. and said that it should be in section 5 instead of section 4. What is the purpose? At no time during the consideration of Mr. STAFFORD. I call the attention of the House to this this bill has the purpose of creating this elaborate machinery, first proviso in section 5. I have read it and reread it an

LV--478 -7538' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.: SEPTEl\fBER 29~ ~C"-:0 -- ... people who want to get some of these ingredients that are neces~ Mr~ FOSTER.. That does not rooan at too end of each Shift. sary for domestic purposes. We are trying to av(}fd any incon- We have stricken that pro"Vision out~ venience of that sort. We are trying to avoid tl'le inco-nvenience Mr. BLAND ~ It does not show in section 5 that it is stricken that might come to the mine1.·~ who must use explosives every out. . . working day in the year. We are trying· to take cru·e of the 1\.ft·~ FOSTER.. A.. provision was in_ the bill orlginal!Yr that it farmers of the country who nave use fo.r dynamite_ It is well was to be returned at the end of each shift, but we strudt that known how easy it is to secure nitroglycerin from dynamit~ out. and that a man can take it in his pocket and go out and blo-wup. 1\ir. BLAND. Wben is it. to be- returned? some factory or mine, or do· damage to some other property_ : lli. FOSTER. If. he is going to quit work he must take ea.re­ The purpose of this legislation is to keep track of these ex- of it where it will not be carried out of the mine. That does plo ives and to ask men during the time of war to- put them- not meaiL when he quits. his day's w&rk.,. but if he goes out of selves to a little trouble for the protection of the country. I the mine to stay out~ e expect the. explosives to be- retnr~. believe that. all these people will do it. I belie"Ve our people are l\1r BLAND. Suppose be :i.s only o:ut for- a day or two;. willing to do it to protect this country from those who w&llid 1\Ir.. FOSTER. Then that will not interfere I think my commit criminal acts by causing explosions that would destroy f:rlendl will find that this is all right. I will now yield ttt the. life and property during time of war. gentleman from Wyoming five minutes. :Mr. ROBBINS. 1tfr. Speaker, I want to ask the gentlemaru a Mr. MONDELL. Mr. Speaker, in times like these it is highly question with reference t{) section 5. I come from a Ill.llling important that such action be taken as may be nee ary to cop.­ district. That section is going to impose an entirely new line of troi the manufacture, use, and distribution or explosives. But duty upon the superintendents and foremen and men employed in we must judg.e. as to. what action may be necessary by what coal mines. For instance, it requires. that the superintendents, has occmTed and what is likely tQJ occur. We: have- reason fm: if they are licensed, shall sell explosives- to the minet·s, and it · congratulation that while- we lJa.ve E>een in war for alimJSt six imposes on them the duty of checking up the miner to see,. first. months"; there. have been cemparatively few attemJ>ts anywhere that he takes the explosive to the proper place in the mine~ and, in the country to destroy life or property through the use of ex­ second. that after he has worked all day he 1:eturns an:y exn-I-o- plosives; whatever legislation may be· deemed. necessary in the sive that he bas not used. • making and use o:t explosives rs sueh as would seem to. be called 1\Ir. FOSTER. He is required to do that under the State for by the situation and condi-tions as we find them_ law now, and he does it now. They areo willing to. do it. TheTe The bill as introduced provided that the President should are no superintendents of mines offering any ob~ction what- formulate such rules as in his opinion_ we1·e wise and necessary ever to this bill. No miners have o1rered any objection to this to protect the poople of the. country~ tO> protect the property o.t bUL The. representatives of the miners came before the com- the C(}untry, aga.i.llst those who might seek to nse explosive in mittee and said, "We gladly comply with this law." They said an unlawfW. way. That was proper legislation andi we- all ap-­ tbey thought it sllould go upon the statute books, not only for pt·o.ved of it. But the committee comes before us wi.tb a bill the protection of property, but f01~ their own protection and which requires every mine operator aoo mine fore~ every the lives of the men who work in the mines; that they ought manufacturer,. every selle:r,. every UcSe.r o-f: explosives,. to secure to be protected against men, if there are any. who would blaw a Federal license; providing expensive ma~hinery fur carrying up the mines and probably kill many people in. them. The out this work of lice~ing under :regulati-ons- of the· bu:rean. :p-ro­ miner is honest; but some evil-designed man may be in the· viding for a la.rge. number o:f pub-lic officials at a cost of some­ mines, and u· there are such, the min& wants to get rid of him, where in the neighborhood ~half;_ a mflllon dollars at least In too. my opinion the legislation is unnecessary and uncalled for by an;y: _ Let me say to my friend from Pennsylvania [l\lr. RoBBINS] that condition that exists or is likely to exist.. I sup-pose the earn­ in the State. of Wisconsin, in. the. zinc mines, they found one mittee did not intend tiD allow any unlawful thlng to be oone miner carrying dynamite ont in his bucket every night, and under the provisions of the bill, but r call attention to. the fact when they went to search his house. they found a valise full of that the first section ot the bUI ould seem to indicate they did dynamite that he was collecting there It is to try to stop such so intend. In the first section it provides that it shall be un~ , things as that. We do not know what may happen. In the lawful to manufacture,. distribute, store, use, or pos ess powdet·, community in which I live there is a large oil production. Th~y explosives, blasting supplies, or ingredients in such a manner mn.ke the nitroglycerin out in the field, as you no doubt know- as is detrimental to the- public safety, except as provided in manufacture it there to be used in what we call " shooting ·~ this act. :L do not suppose that the committee intended that wells. This summer a thousand qua.rts of this explosive were things detrimental to the public safety could. be done or per· stolen at one of these places and no trace of it has ever been fonned under the provisions of thi act.. found. It is- to try, if possible, to make the manufacture,.. stor· . 1\Ir. PARKER of New Jersey.. Will the. gentleman permit a age, and use of these explosives as. sn.fe a.s possible- that this question? legislation is pre'ented. We. can oot stop. all illegal use of ex- Mr. MONDELL Yes. plosives, but we want to reduce it to a minimum. Mr. PARKER of New Je?sey. ~e original bill provided for Mr. BLAND. Did I understand the gentleman to say that regulations by the President which could. be made praeticable.. the State law of Indiana required the. miner to return what I see that a purchaser's license is required to purchase anything powder he did not use back to the. superintendent? in the nature of explosives~ Would that apply to every farmer Mr. FOSTER. No; r said there was a law in some of the- who wanted to blow up a tree? States that required the safe-keeping of the unused portion Mr. MONDELL. Yes.; and every farmer's boy that wnnts to of the explosive, and I take it that the people of Indiana are shoot a chipmunk and who buys powder and shot because they intelligent. are cheaper than cartridges will have to get a license from tbe Mr. BLAND. They are intelligent, but we have oot that law. bm·eau in order to secure his powder. Certainly that. will be Mr. FOSTER. There is a law in many States which I"equires required if the provisions. of the bill are adhered to. It will superintendents to see that explosives left over in the mines necessitate the securing by every farmer of a license who wants are made safe. to blow up a stump on his farm. The use of blasting powder Mr. BLAND. But this would require b1m. to return the in agricultural development is widespread. Powder is being powder he does not use. We have no such law in Indiana, and used for ble-wing up stumps. and brea1.'ing rocky soil, for pre­ this will be a new law. There is no la.w there which requires . paring land for many classes of agricultm·a1 crops~ and under- ,him to lock up the powder. this bill every man desiring to use powder for that PtiriiOSe Mr. FOSTER. There ought to- be~ would be required to make a record of his desire and get a Mr. BLAND. This will be a new law for the miner~ license. There have been no explosions in this country coming Mr. FOSTER. I think in times like these we ought to pass ' from these sources, and there are likely to be none. Therefore:, it just such a bill so that we may control,. as far as possib-le, these , is altogether unnecessary and altogether unwise and sttper1lu-ous explosives. It is not going to interfere with the miner. All to provide by legislation for the licensing of that sort of thing~ the superintendent does is to- see that the explosives ru·e. not Mr. WINGO. M.r. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? · taken out of the mine. My colleague [Mrr DENISON} ,. the gen.- Mr. MONDELL. Yes. tleman from Arkansas {Mr. Wrnao.J, a member of the commit- Mr. WINGO. The gentlemarr made a statement that if a tee, and myself, all live in coal-mining countries. We lmve farmer wished to- blow up a stump. he had to' get a license~ consulted these men. and they say that it will not inter:fere with Surely the gentleman has not read the bill~ and he do-es not want thetr work. that misstatement of fact to go into- the REcoBD'l Mr. BLAND. I notiee that .it says any unused explosives . · Mr. M-ONDELL. I think that is what he would have to do; shall be returned. The powder which th miner purchases he that is" what it wlJuld amount to·, a license is required :far the· owns himself; and '';rill that be returned to the boss? pm·chaser or the user. Take the matter of coal mining. In 1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 7539'" every coal mine in the country tltere are mine bosses who con­ The primary purpose of this law is to prevent explosives or trol the use of explosives in the mines. Under this law it would ingredients of explosives from coming into the possession of be necessary within a very brief period, a time so brief that it evil-minded per~ons who want to use them for unlawful pur-· will be practically impossible to provide for it, for all of the poses. If that results in any inconvenience to those who are operators and all of the bosses and users of explosives in the not evil-minded, it is one of the inconveniences which we have mines to secure these permits and to operate under them. I to submit .to in time of war. It will result in some incon-· have not heard that the miners of the country were trying to use venience of course, but how else can we reach the evil-minded the explosives they require in their work for unlawful pur­ men of the country? I think it is far better, in a time like poses; therefore · in my opinion the legislation is viewed as this, that many right-minded and patriotic people should suffer unnecessary. The offering of this legislation for a vexatious some inconvenience than that a few of evil purpose should be and expensive license system would seem to indicate that we are allowed to freely obtain possession of an agency that could be disturbed, alarmed, fearful, relative to a condition that does not used for destruction that might bring such disastrous results. exist, and that we are willing to put our people to an enormous It is hoped that this bill will not seriously embarrass or in­ amount of vexation and trouble because of something we fear convenience anyone in the legitimate use of explosives. Cer­ witl]out reason, something that is not liable or probable to occur. tainly it is not intended to do so. And I do not think it will, Is it .not about time we ceased legislating in a spirit of panic and if it is reasonably and properly enforced. An exception to its subjecting our people to unnecessary and vexatious interference provisions is provided for· coal miners who obtain powder or in the conduct of their affairs? · other high explosives for blasting in mines. We have intended The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. FITZGERALD). The time of to make the law broad enough to conform to the provisions of the gentleman from Wyoming has expired. the State laws governing the handling of explosives in coal Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield five minutes to the gentle­ mines. I would not approve of the bill if I thought it could man from Illinois [Mr. DENISON]. not be enforced without unreasonable intei"ference with the Mr. DENISON. Mr. Speaker, this bill as it was introduced proper use of powder for blasting in coal mines. But the and passed in the House made the possession, manufacture, or Chief of the Bureau of Mines and other representatives of the transfer of explo ives illegal, except under such regulations as executive department of the Government have come before the should be provided by the President. That left all of the regu­ committee and urged the importance and necessity of enacting lations governing the handling of explosives and ingredients of a law of this kind. And this bill represents the best juugment explosives to be promulgated by the Bureau of Mines under of the committees of the House and Senate in response to their direction of the President. I mention this in answer to what urgent recommendation. was said by the gentleman from Wyoming [Mr. MONDELL]. Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield five minutes to the gentle­ The Senate bill, which we have practically adopted, instead of man from Indiana [Mr. BLAND]. leaving the President to promulgate regulations and thereby in Mr. BLAND. · l\ir. Speaker, I can not see my way clear to a way make law, incorporates into the law itself the regulations fail to support any reasonable law that proposes to regulate the which the Bureau of Mines intended to issue. In other words, manufacture and use of explosives. I regard this as an impQr­ the Senate committee, when they began to consi

1\Ir; BLAND. Indeed. · "J"oint resolution to suspend the requirementS of annual assesg;. Mr. MONDELL. Do they incline the gentleman to favor still ment work on mining claims during the years 1917 and 1918." further regulation? And the House agree to the same. Mr. BLAND. Because there has been an indiscretion com­ M. D. FosTER, mitted by the administration in one act, this will not cause me EDWARD T. TAYLOR, to vote against what I believe to be for the best interests of my E. E. DENISON, country. [Applause.. ] Managers on the parf of the House. Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on HENRY F. AsHURsT, the conference report. MILEs PoiNDEXTER, The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore (Mr. JOHN F. SHAFBOTH, FITZGERALD) announced that the ayes appeared to have it. Managet·s on the part of the Senate. On a division (demanded by Mr. HuDDLESTON) there were­ ayes 309, noes 3. STATEMENT. So the previous question was ordered. The managers on the part of the House at the conference on: The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is upon agreeing the disagreeing vote of the two Houses on the amendments of the to the conference report. House to Senate joint resolution 78, "To suspend during! the The que tion was tak~; and the 'Speaker pro tempore an­ present war-with German~, the requirement that not less ·than· nounced that the ayes. eemed to have it. $100 worth of labor shall be performed or improvements made on On a division (demanded by Mr. HUDDLESTON) there were­ each mining claim during each year for all owners who in lieu aye;; 86, noes 3. of such assessment work expend the sum of $100 in the raising So tbe conference report was agreed to. or manufacturing of products necessary for the maintenance of On motion of 1\Ir. FosTER, a motion to reconsider the vote by the Army, Navy, or people of the United States, or shall perform which the conference report was agreed to was laid on the table. 25 days of labor in any beneficial occupation, <- ~ pay into the SUSPENSION OF REQUIREMENTS ON MINING CLAIMS. Treasury of the United Stat ~ s $100/' submit the following state­ ment in relation to the action agreed upon by the conference 1\Ir. TAYLOR of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I call up the confer­ committee as to the amendments of-the House~ ence report (\U Senate joint resolution 78. On amendment No. 1: This amendment merely inserts the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Colorado word "the," and was for the purpose of grammatical accuracy. calls up a confrence report on the Senate joint resolution the The Senate accepted this amendment. - title of which the Clerk will report. On amendment No. 2: The form of the resolution as it passed The Clerk read as follows : the Senate provided for the suspension of annual assessment Joint resulution: (S. J. Res. 78) to suspen performed or improvements made on ~ch mining claim during Germany. That provision as amended and by the House· each year for all owners who, in lieu of such ass~ssment work, expend limited the time to-the year 1917. Your conferees compromised the sum of $100 in the raising or manulacturlng of products nec~ssary on the time limit of the bill and made it apply to the years 1917 for· the maintenance of the Army, Navy, or people of the United State!'!, or shall perform 20 days of labor, in any beneficial occupation, or pay and 19~8 only, into the Treasury of the United States $100. Th~ House amendment also struck out the provision of the Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous con­ Senate bill requiring affidavits by mining claimants, showing sent that the statement be read in lieu of the report; it is very that $100 worth .of work had been expended each year in manu· short. facturing or some other beneficial occupation. The Senate re­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection? [After a ceded from this provision. pause. J The Chair hears none. · The Hou e inserted an amendment exempting oil-placer loca­ tions or claims from the operation of this resolution. The Senate Tile statement was read. conferees accepted that amendment. The Senate conferees receded and agreed to the title as C0~1"_li'EEENCE .REPORT (NO. 171). amended by the House by adding the words " nineteen hundred The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the and eighteen." two Houses on the amendments of the House to the joint resolu­ The only other change was the one agreed upon by the con· tion (S. J. Res. 78) to suspend, during the present war with ferees, which more definitely describes the resolution referred to Germany, the requirement that not less than $100 worth of labor as Senate joint resolution 3S. shall be performed or improvements made on each mining claim MARTIN D. FOSTER, during each year for all owners who, in lieu of such assessment EDwARD T. TAYLOR, work, expend the sum of $100 in the raising or manufacturing E. E. DENISON, of products necessary for the maintenance of the Army, Navy, Managers on the part of the House. or people of the United States, or shall perform 20 days of labor, in any beneficial occupation, or pay into the Treasury of the Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? United States $100, having met, after full and free conference Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. I will yield for a question, cer· have agreed to recommend and do recommend to their respec­ tainly. tive Houses as follows: 1\1r. WALSH. Will the gentleman from Colorado state That the Senate recede fl·om its disagreement to the amend­ whether the effect of this measure as now agreed upon in con· ment of the House numbered 1, and agree to the same. ference is such as to make unnecessary any further legislation Amendment numbered 2: That the Senate recede from its dis­ during the year 1918 to relieve these claimants from doing their agreement to the amendment of the House numbered 2, and assessment work during that year? agree to the same with an amendment as follows : In lieu of Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Yes, sir; that is the compromise the matter propo ed by the House insert the following: " years that the conferees have agreed upon. The gentleman will re­ 1917 and 1918: Provided, That every claimant of any such min­ member that the way the Senate passed the bill it suspended ing cla.im in order to obtain the benefits of this resolution shall all annual assessment work on mining claims during the war file or cause to be filed in the office where the location notice or with Germany. The way the bill passed through the House the certificate is recorded on or before December 31, of each of the othe1· da.Y we limited it to this year only. The conferees cotn• years 1917 and 1918, a notice of his -desire •'to hold said mining promised by including next year, making it apply to the years claim under this resolution: Provided further, That this reso­ 1917 and 1918. lution shall not apply to oil-placer locations or claims.'' Mr. WALSH. Did not the bill, as it passed the House, require On page 2, of the bill, strike out all of lines 19 and 20 and an affidavit to be filed during 1917? The suspension was during insert: " This resolution shall not be deemed to amend or repeal the war with Germany but they had to file their affidavits be­ the public resolution entitled ' Joint resolution to rei ieve the fore December 31 of this year. Now, the way it comes from the owners of mining claims who have· been mustered into the mili­ conferees it will permit them to file an affidavit during either tary or naval service of the United States as officers or enlisted year. men from performing assessment work dnring the terl:l of such Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. The way the bill passed the Sen­ service,' approved .July 17, 1917." ate required the affidavit to be filed on or before the 31st day of And the House agree to the same. December of each year of the period of the war, and the affi­ Amendment to the title: That the Senate recede from its-disa­ davit was required to make quite a full showing. We retaln greement to the amendment of the House to the title, and agree the provision and require the affidavit to be made each year for to the same with an amendment as follows : In lieu of the matter two years. But we do not require proof of other work or ex­ • proposed by the House insert the following: penditure or payment like the Senate bill required. The other I 19-17. CONGRESSION-AL RECORD-HOUSE. 7541

ch~nge was merely a. provision of the Senate which the House PAYs TRIBUTE To PROSPECTOR-cHARLEs ;r. SENTER, HIMS~LF . Fo~ ~lllAns StrUCk OUt, and WhiCh the COnferees accepted. Practically .A. DWELLER IN THl!l MOUNTAINS, TELLS OF HIS LII!'JD A:ND" AM-iHTIOf\.~,- , h s t d d d t d th H d Charles J. Senter, one of the pioneer prospectors· of· ttie Kokomo;. speak mg, t e ena e rece e an a.ccep e e ouse amen - Robinson district, is proud of his calling,. and; J:>OirrtS' t<1 a long/eriod of ments with the one additional amendment extending the bill to years- during which he has sought out the hiding places· o Iiri:neral inclu

cause of the great scarcity of labor, and the high cost of mate- 1 Lift the veil, take away the rough ex±erior from the. prosp ectors~ rials and everything, we felt warranted in compromising with I lives, and you will find, as. one ot our great minds has said, "LLves th£L Senate. · I jeweled with jewels of patriotism, perseverance, and hope.'• It is an 'V ' ambitious life and holds within more of humanity, more- true nobility Let me say to the House that for one I am glad to have intro- , of characte1: and manliness than is concentrated inside tl'l.e anatomies duced this bill as H R 5081 pract'call1 m·· the t f · I of all the autocrats of the world . combined-those. who grow indifferent.. • • · Y exac orm In : by means of the prospector's torr and often laugh at their rugg.ed but which we have passed it. It was a personal gratification to nQble appeara.nce. . have reported it from the committee to the House, and I am Search. the· wonld over, where can we· find a class of men who strng-· sup1·emely proud to see this measure now adopted and become a 1 gled harder, sutf'ered more hardships, lived more honorably, died more law. I feel that thi legislation will be of more direct benefit to nobly, than the true pro pector of the Rocky Mountains? the prospectors, and that they are more entitled to this consider- Mr. Speaker, the resolution as ai!I'eed upon and in the exact · ation than anyone else. form in which it will become a law is as follows: · If there is any class of men in this country that is entitled to Joint re olution '(S. J. Res. 78) to suspend the requirements of a'"'nual assessment work on mining claims during the years 1917 and 1!)18. the favorable consideration of Congress, it is the metalliferous Resolved, etc., That in order that labor may be most effectively used mining prospector-the man who goes out and pursues year in. raising and producing those things needed in the prosecution ot the in and year out the de perately hard and lone orne task, and present war with Germany, that the ·provision of section 2324 of the usually forlorn hope, of trying to find a mine. Revised Statutes of tlie United States which requires on each mining claim located, and until a patent has been issued therefor, not le than There have been volumes written upon the life of the hardy 100 worth of labor to be performed or improvements- to be made dar- prospectors of the West-the men whos~ bones have bleached ing each year, be, an.d. the same is hereby, suspended d'uring the years · I · h I h d tim 1917 and· 1918: Provided, That every claimant of any such mining upon every t rail o f th e Ro Ck Y l\1 ount ams. WlS a e claim in order to obtain the benefits of this resolution shall file or cause and ability to :Qay a just tribute to their memory. One of the to be filed in the office where the location notice or certificate is re­ last acts of the martyred and immortal , whose <;;orded on or before December 31, of each of the years 1917 and 191.8, a notice of his desire to bold said mining claim under this re olntion : memory we a ll I ove and revere, was t o send a me sage t o th e Pro1:ided furth er, That this resolution shall not apply. to oil placer hardy pioneer miners of the Rocky Mountains, bidding them locations or claims. Godspeed, and assuring them protection in the development of This re olntion shall not be deemed to amend or repeal the publie the mineral resources of the West. Prospecting is not quite as resolution entitled "Joint resolution to relieve· the owners of mining claims who have been mu tet·eH. couraging, with very few rewards. I now yield two minutes to the gentleman from California,.. I notice in the issue. of September 25 of 1;he Leadville Herald- Mr. RAKER. Democrat that I just received a little article upon this subject, Mr. RAKER. Mr. Speaker, I am surprised at my distill­ and I am going to take the liberty of inserting it as a part of guished friend from Wyoming [l\lr. JUoNDELL}. H"e e'!idently my remarks, as follows : has not been giving the question of mining assessment his close 7542 . CONGRESSIO~ \.L R . ECORD-~ HOU-8E. SEPTEl\IBE:R 29,-

attention. The work on the mining claims ·for this year is not" Ports Terminal Railway Co., a corporation existing under · the all done, possibly only one-fourth of it. ~o this bill will relieve law. of the State of Florida, to construct a bridge over arid the mining claimants for this year. For next year they will ·across the headwaters of Mobile Bay and such navigable chan­ not have to prepare for assessment work, but will be able to nels as are between the east side of the bay and Blakely Island, devote their time and attention to some other enter_prise or to in Baldwin and Mobile Counties, Ala. go into actually productive mines, where they can work and I ask unanimous consent to vacate the proceedings back to the assist in developing those and bringing forth the necessary amending stage in order that that amendment may be dis­ metal that is needed. This does not retard the development of agreed to. the country. If there are a few men so situated that they can The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Georgia go on with· their claim work, they will do it. There are many asks unanimous consent to vacate the proceedings of yesterday who can not do it. There are many ·who, if this relief is not on the bill S. 2813, to authorize the Gulf Ports Terminal Rail­ granted, will lose ~- eat·s of development, will lose years of their way Co., a corporation existing under the laws of the State of best time and the money they have put in their claims, because Florida. to construct n bridge over nnd across the headwaters of their help has been taken from them. l\Iobile Bay and such navigable channels as are between the east I have received a number of letters from my district stating side of the bay an(l Blakely Island, in Baldwin and Mobile that claimants' sons haxe gone to the war or have been drafted. Counties, Ala., back to the amending stage, and that the bill be Others have volunteered. They_ say it is impossible under the considered at this time. Is there objection? conditions to do the as essment work thls year and even possibly 1\fr. STAFFORD. Re erving the right to object-- · next year, unless some relief is granted. Mr. ADAMSON. Answering a question just asked me by the . I am glad that the conferees on this bill have made it two gentleman fr~m Wyoming [Mr. MoNDELL], a copy of the bill was years instead of one. In other words, that they have included sent to the committee, which was acted on in lieu of the oliginal 1918 as well as 1017. Those who file upon their claims now will Senate bill. The committee saw that an amendment was ne~es­ not have to do ~. uy as essment work, because, under the law, sary, saying "at a point suitable to the interest of navigatf!,n," . during the ·year they file they do no assessment work, but must and included it, and sent the copy back to the House.- I n(:!ver do it the year following, on or before the 31st of Decembet· of looked at the original at all. It appears that in the original the following year. So that this bill will give the needed relief. the Senate itself had made that amendment, so that it now ap­ It will give those who want to devote their time and attention pears Lwice. So I want to disagree to the House committee to other important matters to do it and at the same time work no amend!nent. I have a copy here to show that the Senate bili detriment to the country. This legislation is needed dming did not originally contain that language, and therefore I rec­ the present war. If the war should continue in 1918, tllen tbe ommer.ded the amendment. same relief can be given for future years as found necessary. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection? 1\fr. l\IONDELL. Will the gentleman yield? There was no objection. 1\Ir. RAKER. I yield. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to 1\1r. 1\fONDELL. The gentleman seems to differ from his the amendment. friend from Colorado [Mr. TAYLOR] witll regard to the present ·Mr. ADAi\fSON. We \>vant to disagree to the committee situation. He referred to the fact that .I said that the as ess­ amendment. ment work was mostly done this year: It was the gentleman The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to from Colorado who made that statement. the committee amendment to the bill S. 2813. Mr. RAKER. That applies to the gentleman's. territory in The quesi.ion was taken, and the committee amendment was regard to the assessment work. - In regard to the assessment rejected. work in my own territory, as I said before on the floor of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the third Hou e, they do it in tbe latter part of the year. Therefore, this reading of the Senate bill. bill for this year is very necessary, and very important also for The Senate bill was ordered to be read a third time, was read the year 1918. the third time, and passed: 1\Ir. WHEELER. 'Vill the gentleman yield? On motion of Mr. ADAMSON, a motion to reconsider the vote Mr. RAKER. I will. whereby the Senate bill was passed was laid on the table. Mr. WHEELER. I understood the gentleman to say it was BRIDGE A.CROSS TUG RIVER, W, VA. two years. And I understood the gentleman from Colorado · Mr. ADAMSON. l\1r. Speaker, there is another bill to which [Mr. TAYLOR] to say .it was one year. the Senate disagreed to the House amendment and asked for a Mr. RAKER. This bill will relieve the assessment for the conference. It is the Senate bill 2663. I ask that we disagree· year 1917, and the conference report, to which the conferees to the Senate amendment and agree to the conference asked. have agreed, extends the provision of the act to 1918-making it The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair lays before the House two years-1917 and 1918. the bill (S. 2663) granting the cousent of Congress to the Wolf Mr. EVANS. Will the gentleman yield for a question? Creek Lumber Co. to maintain a bridge already construded Mr. RAKER. Yes. across Tug River,· which the Clerk will report by title. Mr. EVANS. As the Senate passed this bill it provided that The Clerk reall as follows : the claimant could be relieved of assessment work on condition A bill (S. 2663) granting the consent of Congress to the Wolf Creek that if he had paid into the Government, or expended certain Lumbel· Co. to maintain a bridge already constructed across Tug River. moneys, or filed affidavits, he had done something for the Gov­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Georgia ernment. asks unanimous consent to disagree to the Senate amendment 1\Jt·. RAKER. Yes; but the House amendment relieves them and agree to the conference asked. Is thet·e objection? of. the actual as es ·ment work on their claims for 1917. Now, There was not objection ; and the Speaker pro tempore an­ the conference report extends to 1918 the same as pro-vided for nounced as the conferees on the part of the House Mr. ADAMSON, 1917. Mr. SIMS, and Mr. EscH. 1\fr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Yes, sir. 1\fr. EVANS. Now, ns I understand, this is a plain relieval of EXPLOSIVES. that assessment work without any conditions? 1\ir. FOSTER. 1\ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for the Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Yes. The House struck out that present con ideration of Sennte concurrent resolution No. 13. provision, and the Senate receded from it. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Illinois Mr. Speaker, I move the prev1ous question on the conference asks unanimou consent for the present consideration of Senate report. concurrent resolution No. 13, which tlle Clerk will report. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Colorado The Clerk read as follows : mo,es the previous question on the conference report. • Senate concurrent resolution 13. The previous question was ordered. Resol1;ed by the Senate (the House of Representatives concun·i1t{}), That in the enrollment o! the bill (H. R. 39::~2) to prohibit the manu­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to facture, disb·ibutlon, storage, use, and possession in time of war of tl1e conferenc~ report. el..-plosives, providing regulations for the safe manufacture, distribu­ tion, storage, use.,~.. and posRe sion of the same, and for othet' purpo es, The conference .report was agreed to. the Clerk of the House of Representatives be, and he is hereby, author­ On motion of Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado, a motion to recon ft.ler ized and directed to insert after the word ''explosives," in the fl,rst the Yote whereby the conference report Wt-J agreed to wns raid proviso of section 5 of the bill, as agreed to in conference, the words on the table.- · ·• are not subject to the provisions of this act." The SPEAKER pr01tempore. Is there objection to the present BRIDGE OVER HEADWATERS OF MOBILE BA.Y. consideratjon of the Senate concurrent resolution? 1\,It·. _~illA.l\fSON . 1\1r. Speaker, on account of a variance be­ There was no objection. tween copies and the original of the bHl a mistake was made The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on ag1·eeing to yesterday in amending Senate bill 2813, to authorize the Gulf the resolution. 1917. CONGRESSIONAL REOO"RD-· ROUSE. 7543

~he -resolution 'WRS agreed· to. Mr. CANNON. ~.of ather .faiths? · On motion of ~ Mr. ·FosTER, .a motion to :reconsider the -vote l\fr. :SIEGEL. :I cotild not t-en -you that. · 1 ~know ·there are whereby the resolution was agreed to wns :laid nn the 'table. . 'B6 :per cent of the ·Chaplains -w.bo a1:e 'of the {lnthdlic ;faith and cHAPLAINs AT WoE, UNITED si-.i:rEs Ain.i-i. - '64 per· cent who ·fl'I'e ·df 'the Trotesta:nt faith, · .Mr. CANNON. The chaplains of the Protestant·faith ·are cori· Mr. SIEGEL. Mr. 'Speaker, l: ask :unanimous consent .fur 'th~ 1ined to tlrree denominations__."Bqptists, ·Methodists, and :!7es· present· consid.el:ation ~ . :tbe Senate l>ill .2527, .providing ..for 'b_ytel!.ians-a:re they mot? · · chaplains at 1arge in the Army. Mr. :MEEKER. And Episco.palians: • ~ .SPEA.KER pro tempore. The :gentleman J:from New ·Nork 'Mr. 'CANNON. Episcopalians. "That ·maltes .Iour; and I sup~ nslis ··:unanimouS consent for the pr-esent onsiaermion •of the rpose 'the Christian ·.Clm:rch-- - · · biD'S. 2n27, which the Clerk :willll"epoct. Mr. 'SIEGEL. 'J:lh~ 1IepllT.tment did m>t:stnte 'the slibdtvislon:s · The Clerk read as follows: of the F.rotestant "fait'h. · .A: ·biH -( '. 252n authorizing J)er >cent df 'the men who Tha:t the President :may appoint far service ·dmlng 'tne 1present emer- went, '1'5 !IJer cent -were ·bf ;tire _;r ewish faith, ·and :the o.fher cdn:y; gency not exceeding '20 Chaj>lains :at large :fol' the United .sta-ms Army NPt'esenting -religious ~sect nut recognized 1n the ap,partionme:nt of out l>'i :lO,OOO men :at .Cam_p Upton, ·.about ~;200 went ·home on chaplains ;no-w :recognized by .la-w. . ·account :of tbe ·observ.ation rJf the ~holy days, snowing that ·ap- Mr. WINGO. Mr. Speaker, reserving 'the right to ·.object, .I lll"oxi:n:uitely ·4() per ce-nt ·al' the ..10,000 ·.at that -camp were of the wo.uld Uke to .ask .the gentleman from New Y(1)rk _if 1:his .is mot 'JeWi-s'h "faith; ·and .I ·may ~ay .also that although "3.t the 1U"esent the same bill, if we -adopt ;the .co.riunittee ·.amendment, that the time there are 'thousands of ·men :.of 1he :Jewish ~a:lth in ·the House !})assed :recently'? Navy, lf:her.e is nut a ·single ..'f..ewlsh chaplain in the .Nazy, which Mr.. .srnGEL. Yes. .condition Secreta:cy l)aniels ·ts ·about to meet by ·maldng -ru1 1\!r. WlJ\"'=GD. .ill.his is .intenued to Jidd '20 tmore ch.ap1.ains'2 'appointment. Let me :add thntin 'the ..Army -t~e is no .cbaplain Mr. .SIEGEL. No. It is the .same bill. What the Senate tdid of the.J'ewish:faith. was to pass ,on Tlmr.sda_y., .SEWtember 11.3, what is known as the Mr. •CANNON. :1 -suw.ose 'it ls -perfectly .proper 'that a :man: second tbill, intr.odnced .by me .on Angu.st J,.7. but which O.ur M.ill- shonlll have religious consolation according to 1his ·belief, 'but I . tar~ Committee ·dld ·not .f.lur..or~ We !passed 'Om bill :(H. 'R. . am under the impression that there are ten Christian Scienti:~ts 5271) on Tuesday, September ll. The Seimte .added .to its bill. to ·one Jl.ebrew, nnd 1 'ha:ve 'no doubt that ·tlrere ·are -ten Uni­ some additional .chaplains, which would have made more :than tariRns, -who are nt one with tlle Hebr~ws~ rr 1IIIl not a ·Christian 20. '\Vh.at ·the commlttee .has dane ,is to 1-eport back :the :Senate Scientist, ;and on ·the question of Unitarianism, as :far as 1 am ,bfil here, ·striking out wllat the Senate put :in and insetting • ·concerned, I -am at -one with ±he Hebrews ::and ·the Unitarians, word for word wbat ·we :put in ·on Septerriber .J.l. hnt I have no doubt there .are 'ten 'UI1itarlans to one Hebrew. · Mr. WINGO• ..1 understand that if we pass the bill as ;pro- :Mr.. 'BIEGEL. ..In "the ~Y to•d:ry? · posed by tlill ·committee .m:rumdment ·the President w.m. ·be Mr. 'CANNON. Yes. .authorized :to .appoint .20 n.ildltlonal -chaplains from religious · 'Mr. 'SIEGEL. l ..am ·not ·SD :ce:ta.in about tbat. How m:my sects ..other than those .now Tecognized-? ! ·Unitarians are ·fbere :in 'the .Al.'m_y · to•day'~ Mr. SIEGEL. C.oJ.Teot. · 'Mr. CANNON. I -can not tell. ·Can the gentlema:n tell .me Mr. WINGO. ln other wo:rds, the ~bject of Lthe bill is to :per- , how -many 'Hebrews ·there 'are'? · · .mit chaplains .of the ..Jewish hiith-- Mr. ..SIEGEL. Tilere.have been forty thousand and odd c:illed Mr. SIEGEL. .And snch other :faifl:i.s as -are mot represented out so -:far . .at the present :time-:-- Mr. CANNON. Forty 'thnusam:l and odd ont ·af ·one million._ Mr. WING-o. Yes; to be -appointed.;in the A.r.my? Mr. SIEGEL. .Oh, cno ~ more than ~.000 out ·of 400,000 in the 1\Ir. SIEGEL. That is cerrect. . _ nationa'l dra::fted .rrrmy ·.at ·the pr.esent :time. That 1s "What I nm 1\Ir. WINGO. J:s there .any p1·obability that those who are :ta:I&ing ·about. backing this legislation in the House ·will in ·conference a_gree Mr. B.YRNE:S 'Of ·S.auth >Canollnu.. .That woul-d mean 400,000 to the Senate's ·oniginal !Pl'OVision:? Christian Scientists, -according rto 'the ,'figures . of ltbe ~entleman Mr. SIEHE-L. .I .am not -a .meniber ·of ·the ·Committee on ..1\Iili- from .illinois. tary Affairs, ;'but their report -is unanimous, .recommending :the .Mr. .CANNON. .Does tl1e· gentleman "Say ·there nre -40,000 passage .o.f the ·bill :which we".:passed :bere the last time, namely, ·B.eb:Fews 'in ·:the .A.r.lny .now.? my bill. Mr. SIEGEL. 'X-esA Mr. WINp.<). ..I do . ..not object. I -think :tbe ..Jewish. .:faith Mr. BYRNES of 'South Carolina. H tb:e tCbristin.n Scientists should have been represented by ch&plains leng .ago. :are !ten to -on~ - that "WOuld -be :400,000 -'Christian Scientists to Mr.. SIEGEL. I .realize tlutt and -know 'that to be the gentle- ~~000 :Jews. . man's views. Mr. SIEGEL. nd, •Of ·.eout• e, the'iO±hertderrominations wonld ..Mr. WINGO. 1 think ea-ch man ·in the Army ·snotdd hav..e .an not be represented at all. . opportunity to have religi.ollS .a.dmmistrat:Wn in keeping "With 1\fr. KNUTSON. Where would the :rest :of us be.? . ~ his own faitl1, "'Q.thout ;any .restricmon, !Hnd the .Je-w.s oi ,com·se Mr. SIEGEL. I do not ;want to .a.nswa- the question by saying ought to .be -recognized the -.same :as aeybody else. [f tthat is the .that we would ha-ve to ;increase our popUlation. . purpose of tliis 'bill, I will ·not -objec.t. · 'Mr. · D~-r:NON . .Af!E:r :all is .said rrn-d:done, [ ·have no ·possible Mr. SIEGEL. That is tbe pm:pose. · prejudice :"against the Hebrews. Mr. WINGO. The House passed its bill and the Senate 1\!r. SIEGEL. 'l>klmw that very -well. passed its bill, and the ;tw-o bills ·crossed. The object now is to Mr. CAl~NON. And I -'run 'tolerntfly charitahle to everybody -amend ,the ·Senate bill to conform to the -bill whicb the House else. · . . pus ed the other dny? Mr. SIEGEL. vVe all know that the g-entleman :from Illinois .Mr. SIEGEL. That ·m correct. The rep-ort s.o -sl1ows. ·:is not toney fair., :but ai;-lall times vecy ~liberal tin ·his <:Views. His 1\Ir. W'INGO. Then I llave no o.bje.clion to it. ' whole iife is .an :e.\'ddence Qt that._ ' Th~e rrs ~ assu~ance ·.tlmt l\Ir. ·cANNON. Will' the gentleman yield~ the P~·esident is going to appoint 20 ~plains ·:Of the Jewish Mr. SIEGEL. I yield .to 'the ;gen'tletna:n .from :nunois. faith, or 5, or any particular Tnumber of any p·atticular faith. Mr. CANNON. If this bill ·_pa ses, it ~ill :provide for ·.2.0 Mr. CANNON. ·I mm under rtlm :itJWression •that · !four or chaplains. · :fi-ve of the P1:otestant .or.gauizations . are :r.epresented .among •the :llr. SIEGEL. . Not exceeding 20. • Chaplains now. lUr. ·CA.lii"NO.N. How muny ·chaplains:are :there -now antllor.ized l\Ic SIEGEL. :a:

The SPEA.KER pro tempore, Is th.ere objection? - ments of the United States engaged in the present war; to tht.• .. Mr. STAFFORD. . Reserving the right to object, a very pecul· Committee on the Judiciary. . . . iar condition is presented by the submission of this Senate bill By 1\Ir. PADGETT: A bill (H. R. 6362) to promote the effi­ for consideration in the House. In my experience I do not recall ciency of ·the United States Navy; to the Committee on Naval 11 similar condition. · Affairs. _ The House on September 11, as Members will recall, passed the Also, a bill (H. R. 6363} to ·provide for the service of officer: bill providing for the appointment by the Presid.ent during the of auxiliary naval forces on naval courts; to the Committee on present emergency of 20 chaplains. That bill went over to the Naval Affairs. . . Senate. Subsequently thereto, after the House bill had' been By·Mr. MARTIN of Louisiana: A bill (H. R. 6364) to amend ines aged over to the Senate, tlie_Senate,- instead of considering an act entitled "An act to provide further for the · national .the House bill, said substantially by its action on this bill, "No; security and defense by encouraging the production, conserving we will not consider the House bill providing for the 20 chap· the supply, and controlling the distribution of food products and Iains. We will not offer an amendment to the House bill in fuel," approved August 10. 1917; to the Committee on Agri· ·accordance with our ideas, but we will pass a substantially new culture. . bill and leave the House blll to slumber." So the Senate on Sep. · By Mr. J A. COWAY: A bill (H. R. 6386) granting the consent tember 13, two days after they had received the House bill on of Congress for the construction of a bridge and approaches thi ubject, passed the bill (S. 2527) providing for 20 chaplains, thereto across the Arkansas River between the cities of Little though the appointment was somewhat restricted, and provided Rock and Argenta; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign that 12 of them should repreSent religious sects not recognized Commerce. · ln the apportionment of chaplains now provided by law and 8 By Mr. FITZGERALD: Resolution (H. Res. 157) to confer for service in base hospitals. jurisdiction over appropriations and estimates upon a single This Senate bill came over to the House and was referred to ·committee; to the Committee on Rules. the Committee on 1\Illitary. Affairs. The House Committee on Military Affairs struck out all of the Senate provision and sub· PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS.· stituted the language of the original House bill. Now, if we should pass this House bill and send it ov~r to the Senate, what Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions will be the legislative status? The Senate may say the House were introduced and severally referred as follows: jntended to have 40 chaplains instead of 20. It may pass the By Mr. DIXON: A bill (H. R. 6365) granting an increase of original House bill providing for 20 and then accept the Senate pension to , Charles J. Edington; to the Committee o·n Invalid bill with the House amendment for 20 more. The practice is Pensions. · highly objectionable, and for that reason I object.· Also, a bill (H. R. 6366) granting an increase of pension to 1\Ir. ' SIEGE,L. Will the gentleman withhold his objection? John 'I'. Bell; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. STAFFORD. I will withhold it. Also, a bill (H. R. 6367) granting an increase of pension to l\ir. GARRETT of Tennessee. I hope if the gentleman fi•om Fra,nces A. Weddel; to the CoPlJllittee on Invalid Pensions. Wisconsin is going to make an objection he will make it now. Also, a bill . (H. R. 6368) granting an increase of pension to 1\fr. SIEGEL. I want to say that I have consulted with Sena­ \Villlam H. Jackson; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. tor SHEPPARD and he has asked that this bill be passed \n this Also, a bUl (H. R. 6369) granting an increase of pension to fashion. William H. Buchanan; to the Committee· on Invalid Pensions. 1\fr. STAFFORD. I do not believe that the Senate should Also, a bill (H. R. 6370) granting an increase of pension to pigeonhole a House bill and then pass a Senate bill on the same Mary A. Fredenburg; to the Ooillri:littee on Invalid Pensions. identical subject. Also, a bill (H. R. 6371) granting an increase of pension to 1\lr. SIEGEL. Does the gentleman believe that the legisla­ Benjamin F. Hedrick; to the.. Committee on Invalid Pensions. tion ought to be held up in this mann:er? Also, a bill (H. R. 6372) granting an increase of pension to 1\fr. STAFFORD. \Ve have no certainty whatever tllat it James_W. Hall; to the Committe~ on Invalld Pensions. will be passed by the Seriate in this way. We have sent over Also, a bill (H. R. 6373) granting an increase of pension to there a bill embodying this same matter, and they have not Thomas Ward; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. acted upon it. The responsibility is on the Senate. Also, a bill (H. R. 6374) granting an increase of pension to 1\lr. SIEGEL. Both forms of bills were before the Senate Frederick Willman; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Committee on Military Affairs, and the committee recommended .Also, a bill (H. R, 6375) granting an increase of pensiou to this one. Henry B. Tonnemacker ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. STAFFORD. It is highly objectionable to pass in this Also, a blll (H. R. 6376) granting an increase ·of pension to ~ay two bills involvin~ the same subject, and I object. William Seal ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6377) granting an increase of pension to BRIDGE ACROSS THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. Laura McWilliams ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. Kl~UTSON. Mr. Speaker, my colleague [Mr. 1\Irr.LER] . Also, a bill (H. R. 6378) granting an increase of pension to is on a mission to Europe for the Red Cross. He has two bills Charles F. McPherson; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. on the Unanimous Consent Calendar-both bridge bills-and I Also, a bill (H. R. 6379) granting an increase of pension to ask unanimous con ent for the present consideration of the bill John W. Amos; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. s. 2434. Also, a bill (H. R. 6380) granting an increase of penslou to The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Mirine· Samuel Parker; to the Committee. on Invalid Pensions. sota asks unanimous consent for the present consideration of Also, a blll (H. R. 6381) granting an increase of pension to the bill S. 2~34, of which the Clerk will report the title. John A. C. Hazel; to the Committee on Pensions. The Clerk read as follows: Also, a bill (H. R. 6382) granting a pension to Vance K. S. 2434. Ali act authorizing the counties of Co.ss and Itasca, Minn., Stewart; to the Committee on Pensions. to com-truct a• bridge across the Mississippi River between said counties. Also, a bill (H. R. 6383) granting a pension to George W. - The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres· Dudley; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ent consideration of the bill? Also, a bill (H. R. 6384) granting a pension to Eliza Sisco; Mr. WALSH. I object. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · LEAVE OF .ABSENCE. By Mr. WILSON of Illinois: A bill (H. R. 6385) for the relief l\Ir. SI£EENERSON, by unanimous consent, was given leave of of Kenneth S. Cook, storekeeper, second class, United States absence for 10 days, on account of attendance on the Pneumatic Navy; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Tube Commission meetings in c.~icago and St. Louis. ADJOURNMENT. PETITIONS, ETC. 1\Ir. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I move that the Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were Inid House do now adjourn. on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows : · · The motion was agreed to; ·accordingly (at 1 o'clock and 45 By Mr. CARY:· Petition of National Association of Master minutes p. m.) the House adjourn~ until Monday; October 1; Bakers, favoring-the Stephens price-fiXing bill; to the Committee 1917, at 12 o'cl~cl\: noon. · on Interstate and Foreign Co~erce. Also, petition of Pompeian Co. favoring the necessary Govern· . . . PUBIJO BILLS,· RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS. q1ent action to keep the Ameri~an dollar at parity in ev~ry nation Under clause 3 of Rule XXII,- bills, resolutions, and memorials of the world; to the Committee on Banking and Currency. }Vere. introduced and .severally referred as follows: . . By Mr. FULLER of Illinois: Petition of the National Associa­ · . By ·.Mr. WEBB: ·A bill (H. R .. 6361) to extend protection ·to tion of ··Master -Ba_ker!rfor the · Stephens· price-fixing bill-Ho"Qse the civil tigJrts·of members of the Military and Naval Establish~ bill 212; to the Committee on Interstate and ·Foreign Commerce.