DOCSLIB.ORG

Winslow Historic Town Assessment Draft Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Winslow Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Winslow Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Winslow Historic Town Assessment Report Consultation Draft Winslow looking north (© M Farley) Winslow Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 4 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Project Background and Purpose ............................................................................................ 8 1.2 Aims ......................................................................................................................................... 8 2 Setting ............................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Location, Topography & Geology ............................................................................................ 9 2.2 Wider Landscape ..................................................................................................................... 9 3 Evidence.......................................................................................................................................... 16 3.1 Historic Maps.......................................................................................................................... 16 3.2 Documentary Evidence .......................................................................................................... 16 3.3 Built Heritage.......................................................................................................................... 18 3.4 Archaeological Evidence........................................................................................................ 20 3.5 Environmental Evidence ........................................................................................................ 21 4 Archaeological & Historical Development................................................................................... 24 4.1 Prehistoric and Roman period (c.10,000 BC – AD 410) ........................................................ 24 4.2 Saxon period (AD 410 – 1066)............................................................................................... 26 4.3 Medieval period (1066-1536) ................................................................................................. 29 4.4 Post medieval period (1536-1800)......................................................................................... 34 4.5 Modern period (1800-Present)............................................................................................... 40 II ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................. 50 5 Designations................................................................................................................................... 50 5.1 Conservation Areas (CA) ....................................................................................................... 51 5.2 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 51 5.3 Archaeological Notification Areas .......................................................................................... 51 5.4 Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................................................. 51 6 Historic Urban Zones..................................................................................................................... 52 6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 52 6.2 Historic Urban Zones ............................................................................................................. 52 6.3 Archaeological Assessment................................................................................................... 52 6.4 Heritage Values...................................................................................................................... 55 6.5 Historic Settlement ................................................................................................................. 57 6.6 Modern Settlement................................................................................................................. 67 III RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................ 70 7 Management Recommendations .................................................................................................. 70 7.1 Conservation Area Appraisals................................................................................................ 70 7.2 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 70 7.3 Archaeological Notification Areas .......................................................................................... 70 7.4 Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................................................. 70 7.5 Listed Buildings ...................................................................................................................... 70 8 Research Agenda ........................................................................................................................... 71 8.1 Prehistoric and Roman Winslow ............................................................................................ 71 8.2 Saxon Winslow....................................................................................................................... 71 8.3 Medieval Winslow .................................................................................................................. 71 8.4 Post Medieval Winslow .......................................................................................................... 71 8.5 Modern Winslow..................................................................................................................... 71 9 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................... 72 10 Addresses ................................................................................................................................... 75 1 Appendix: Chronology & Glossary of Terms .............................................................................. 76 1.1 Chronology (taken from Unlocking Buckinghamshire’s Past Website).................................. 76 1.2 Glossary of Terms.................................................................................................................. 76 2 Appendix: HER Records................................................................................................................ 78 2.1 Monuments HER Report........................................................................................................ 78 2.2 Landscapes HER Reports...................................................................................................... 80 2.3 Find Spots .............................................................................................................................. 80 2.4 Listed Buildings ...................................................................................................................... 80 3 Appendix: Trade Listings and Population Data .......................................................................... 84 4 Appendix: Historical Consultancy Report................................................................................... 86 2 Winslow Historic Town Assessment Draft Report List of Illustrations Figure 1: Urban Character Zones for Winslow.......................................................................................... 6 Figure 2: Winslow in location................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 3: Geology of town (BGS) ............................................................................................................ 11 Figure 4: Diagram of Connections from Winslow (representational only)............................................... 12 Figure 5: Town in the wider historic landscape using Bucks HLC .......................................................... 14 Figure 6: Historic settlement pattern around Winslow............................................................................. 15 Figure 7: Historic maps............................................................................................................................ 17 Figure 8: Listed Buildings by century ...................................................................................................... 18 Figure 9: Image of Listed Buildings by century ....................................................................................... 19 Figure 11: Location and extent of events within Winslow ....................................................................... 23 Figure 12: HER records for the Prehistoric and Roman period............................................................... 25 Figure 13: Possible extent of the town in the Saxon period...................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Dairy Farm Byre HILLESDEN • BUCKINGHAMSHIRE View from the Front of the House
    Dairy Farm Byre HILLESDEN • BUCKINGHAMSHIRE View from the front of the house Dairy Farm Byre HILLESDEN • BUCKINGHAMSHIRE Approximate distances: Buckingham 3 miles • M40 (J9) 9 miles • Bicester 9 miles Brackley 10 miles • Milton Keynes 14 miles • Oxford 18 miles. Recently renovated barn, providing flexible accommodation in an enviable rural location Entrance hall • cloakroom • kitchen/breakfast room Utility/boot room • drawing/dining room • study Master bedroom with dressing room and en suite bathroom Bedroom two and shower room • two further bedrooms • family bathroom Ample off road parking • garden • car port SAVILLS BANBURY 36 South Bar, Banbury, Oxfordshire, OX16 9AE 01295 228 000 [email protected] Your attention is drawn to the Important Notice on the last page of the text DESCRIPTION Entrance hall with double faced wood burning stove,(to kitchen and entrance hall) oak staircase to first floor, under stairs cupboard and limestone flooring with underfloor heating leads through to the large kitchen/breakfast room. Beautifully presented kitchen with bespoke units finished with Caesar stone work surfaces. There is a Britannia fan oven, 5 ring electric induction hob, built in fridge/freezer. Walk in cold pantry with built in shelves. East facing oak glass doors lead out onto the front patio capturing the morning sun creating a light bright entertaining space. Utility/boot room has easy access via a stable door, to the rear garden and bbq area, this also has limestone flooring. Space for washing machine and tumble dryer. Steps up to the drawing/dining room with oak flooring, vaulted ceiling and exposed wooden beam trusses. This room has glass oak framed doors leading to the front and rear west facing garden.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Train Services on the Met and Gc Line
    THE EVOLUTION OF TRAIN SERVICES ON THE MET AND GC LINE by Eric Stuart (Readers may find reference to the Four-Tracking article in the July 2018 issue of Underground News helpful) After the Great Central (GC) arrived at Quainton Road and the service south thereof became established, both the GC and the Metropolitan Railway (Met.) provided services. However, the personalities at the heads of the two companies did not enjoy the best of relationships. Matters came to a head when a GC train crashed when failing to reduce speed over the (then) reverse curve into Aylesbury station in 1904. About that time, both the leaders retired and a period of better relations between the companies began. On 2 April 1906, the Metropolitan & Great Central Joint Railway (MGCJR) was created. This latter took over the lines of the Metropolitan Railway north and west of Harrow South Junction, with the exception of the branch to Uxbridge. These included the main line between Harrow-on-the-Hill and Verney Junction and the branch from Chalfont & Latimer to Chesham. The MGCJR was created under the terms of the Metropolitan & Great Central Railway Act, which received Royal Assent on 4 August 1905. At the same time, the Great Central and Great Western Joint Railway was formed, covering the lines south of Aylesbury via Princes Risborough to Northolt Junction. This was the result of a new line that aided the GC by partly avoiding congestion on the Met. and also giving the Great Western a shorter route to Birmingham1. One curiosity was that a Joint Committee was set up to manage a new Aylesbury station, jointly owned by two joint railways! Some points on terminology: The new line was commonly called just ‘The Joint Line’ and, even in later LT days, some staff still belonged to a particular class that made them feel superior to others2.
    [Show full text]
  • Steeple Claydon and Verney Junction EWR Phase 2 Newsletter
    East West Rail Phase Two Project Newsletter Steeple Claydon & Verney Junction, Autumn 2020 Welcome! Enabling works underway Welcome to the Autumn issue of the East West Rail Alliance project newsletter. I wanted to start by thanking everyone who took the time to read and share the last issue of the newsletter. We have seen an increase in the readership of the newsletter and have received feedback on the format with the level of information in the local update sections we introduced in issue two being positive. As you’ll read below, perhaps the most obvious progress we have made since the last newsletter can be seen in Bletchley, where our team has dismantled sections of the Bletchley Flyover ready for it to be rebuilt to modern standards. The dismantling has demanded a meticulous amount of Since the last issue of our newsletter, the Alliance has planning from our team, Network Rail operations, the been preparing many areas across the project footprint for train operating companies, local authorities and our main construction activities to begin. Highways environment agencies and I’m delighted to report all the improvements have been made, with roads widened, lifts were safely completed in line with our programme. passing bays on narrow roads put in place, and access We are now in the process of removing the final points for our site compounds installed. In addition, we elements of the structure that need to be removed have been constructing ‘haul roads’, which will enable before we can start the rebuild process in construction traffic to travel between certain areas of the November/later this year.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeological Watching Brief Report at All Saints
    ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF REPORT AT ALL SAINTS’ CHURCH, HILLESDEN, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE (NGR SP 68570 28755) On behalf of PCC All Saints Hillesden APRIL 2016 John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES All Saints Church, Hillesden, Buckinghamshire. HIAS 16. Archaeological Watching Brief Report REPORT FOR PCC All Saints Hillesden c/o Montgomery Architects 8 St Aldates Oxford OX1 1BS PREPARED BY Paul Murray ILLUSTRATION BY Autumn Robson EDITED BY John Moore AUTHORISED BY John Moore FIELDWORK 2nd – 10th March 2016 REPORT ISSUED 18th April 2016 ENQUIRES TO John Moore Heritage Services Hill View Woodperry Road Beckley Oxfordshire OX3 9UZ Tel: 01865 358300 Email: [email protected] JMHS Project No: 3498 Site Code: HIAS 16 Archive Location: The archive currently is maintained by John Moore Heritage Services and will be transferred to Buckinghamshire Museum Service under accession number: awaited i John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES All Saints Church, Hillesden, Buckinghamshire. HIAS 16. Archaeological Watching Brief Report CONTENTS Page SUMMARY 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Site Location and Geology 1 1.2 Historical and Archaeological Background 1 2 STRATEGY 3 2.1 Objectives 3 2.2 Methodology 3 3 RESULTS 4 4 FINDS AND ENVIRONMENTAL 11 5 DISCUSSION 11 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY 12 FIGURES Figure 1. Site location 2 Figure 2. Sections 5 Figure 3. Burials 7 PLATES Plate 1. Service Trench 6 Plate 2. Inhumation No 20 9 Plate 3. Service Pit 10 Plate 4. Tower Foundations (15) 10 Plate 5. Tower Foundations (18) 11 APPENDIXES Appendix A. Table 1, Context Inventory 13 ii John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES All Saints Church, Hillesden, Buckinghamshire. HIAS 16. Archaeological Watching Brief Report Summary John Moore Heritage Services were appointed by Montgomery Architects on behalf of PCC All Saints Hillesden to record and exhume three inhumations revealed during the excavation of service and soakaway trenchs at All Saints’ Church, Hillesden, Buckinghamshire.
    [Show full text]
  • School House, Hillesden
    School House, Hillesden School House, Church End Hillesden A stunning Victorian home situated in an idylic location with far reaching views to the rear over the surrounding countryside. The charming entrance porch draws you into the home and leads you through to the accommodation. The bespoke kitchen is beautiful and opens through on to the dining room making it perfect fo r entertaining. With part vaulted ceilings and roof lights this area has a spacious feel and looks over the field to the rear. The kitchen has a range of hand painted eye and base level units providing ample storage, granite worktops, double butler sink, r ange cooker, smeg fridge and integral freezer. The dining room comfortably fits a large table and chairs. The study overlooks the rear garden. A good size and is suitable for anyone wishing to work from home in a peaceful environment. The lounge is dual as pect with a large bay window to the front, log burning stove with wooden surround creating warmth and ambiance and stunning solid oak wood flooring. The ground floor is completed by a cloakroom. On the first floor the master bedroom is a charming room, dua l aspect with far reaching views and a feature fireplace. There is also a single bedroom on this floor. The bathroom has been beautifully renovated and has been fitted with a high quality Burlington three piece suite with roll top bath and over shower. On the second floor there is a good sized bedroom with exposed beams and stunning views over the fields to the rear.
    [Show full text]
  • 406 the BUILDING of WINSLOW HALL the Compression Which
    406 RECORDS OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE THE BUILDING OF WINSLOW HALL The compression which Lysons had to apply to his "Magna Britannia" saved him from pitfalls; thus in speaking of Winslow he merely remarked: "Mr. Selby has a seat at Winslow which was built by Secretary Lowndes in the year 1700" (p. 668). When Lipscomb wrote forty years later he was less cautious, for after mentioning the " commodious plain brick edifice with a flight of several steps to the door, over which is the date of its erection, 1700', and the name of William Lowndes," he adds the fatal words "for whom it was built by Inigo Jones " (vol. III., p. 544). Sheahan blindly copied this blunder, Gibbs swal- lowed it in his usual easy way, the Dictionary of National Biography (art. Lowndes) fared no better, and a host of lesser lights went on repeating it until it occurred to someone that as Inigo Jones died in 1652 he could hardly have had much to do with the matter. Mr. A. Clear, Winsiow's latest and best historian, saw the trap, and ascribed the house either to Wren or to Yanbrugh, who was brought into the neighbourhood when he designed the County Hall at Aylesbury. The matter may have been brought nearer to a decision by the discovery of a full and most detailed account of the construction drawn up by, or for, the famous "Ways and Means Lowndes" himself. This is a foolscap book (14 inches by 9 inches), bound in the original parchment covers, with tape fastenings; the watermark of the paper is a fleur de lys sur- mounted by a crown, and with the initials W.
    [Show full text]
  • Verney Junction — Bletchley Branch of the L.N.W.R
    Brackley Central Station just after closure, looking south through the arch shown 67 years earlier on page 164. The station building on the right is still (2008) extant, but everything else has been swept away. The footbridge crosses the north-bound 'down' line to give access to the stairs leading down to the single 'island' platform, on each end of which stand water tanks. At the town's south end Brackley also had a station on the Banbury — Verney Junction — Bletchley branch of the L.N.W.R. The two stations were known, logically enough, respectively as the Top Station and the Bottom Station. The new line crossed over the branch line about a mile further on. Finmere station followed (about a mile from that village, but later to do good business with Stowe School). Calvert Station was reached shortly after the new line crossed the Oxford — Verney Junction — Bletchley branch line of the L.N.W.R., and about five miles further on the junction was made at Quainton Road. Not one of the railway lines mentioned now exists, except for the West Coast main line at Rugby. For reasons of economy, the G.C.'s smaller stations, including all the ones mentioned, were constructed with a single 'island' platform instead of the traditional two platform affairs which have one for each track. At an 'island' station the two tracks diverged, with a single platform lying between them. This gave problems of access, so that a staircase usually led down to platform level from a bridge above the line (as, for example, at Rugby and Brackley) although at Woodford there was a subway with steps leading up.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Did Edward Penn Build Only Half a House?
    WHY DID EDWARD PENN BUILD ONLY HALF A HOUSE? A HISTORIC BUILDING ANALYSIS OF SHELL HOUSE, HEDGERLEY PETER JOHN MARSDEN Shell House in Hedgerley is odd: an asymmetrical house built in the late seventeenth century, when symmetry was the ruling fashion. A detailed survey by Buckinghamshire Archaeological Society members indicates that it was asymmetrical from the start – a ‘half-house’ whose internal plan shows how the services of a larger symmetrical plan were ‘shoehorned in’ to cope with reduced circumstances. How did its owner, Edward Penn, come to this place of ‘ambition thwarted’? Documentary research reveals how his inheritance of nearby Chalfont House was ‘seized’ by King Charles II, given to the infamous Judge Jeffreys, and led Edward into a series of expensive – and ultimately futile – court cases. Around the year 1679 Edward Penn built a house tion at Winslow Hall, South Littleton Manor, Leys for himself in the village of Hedgerley in South Farmhouse and other Renaissance-style houses is Buckinghamshire. Outwardly fashionable, in the symmetrical, balanced around a central doorway. latest ‘Renaissance’ style of the late seventeenth Symmetry is a central principle of the Renaissance century, it was, however, only half of what that style, imported from Europe to inform the design style expected. ‘Shell House’ as Edward Penn’s of England’s great houses in the late 16th century. 4 house is now named, is of brick, with tall casement By the end of the seventeenth century this symmet - windows, leaded-lights, timber mullions and tran - rical style had become the fashion for upper and soms, a panelled front door framed by Ionic brick ‘middling sort’ residences across the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Directory of Organisations Supporting Older People in Areas Around Buckingham¹
    Directory of organisations supporting older people in areas around Buckingham¹ Haddenham² and Winslow³ ¹ Addington, Adstock, Akeley, Barton Hartshorn, Beachampton, Biddlesden, Buckingham, Calvert, Charndon, Chetwode, East Claydon, Foscott, Gawcott with Lenborough, Hillesden, Hogshaw, Leckhampstead, Lillingstone Dayrell with Luffield Abbey, Lillingstone Lovell, Maids Moreton, Middle Claydon, Nash, Padbury, Poundon, Preston Bissett, Radclive-cum-Chackmore, Shalstone, Steeple Claydon, Stowe, Thornborough, Thornton, Tingewick, Turweston, Twyford, Water Stratford, Westbury and Whaddon. ² Aston Sandford, Boarstall, Brill, Chearsley, Chilton, Cuddington, Dinton-with-Ford and Upton, Haddenham, Ickford, Kingsey, Long Crendon, Oakley, Shabbington, Stone with Bishopstone and Hartwell, and Worminghall ³ Creslow, Dunton, Granborough , Great Horwood , Hardwick, Hoggeston, Little Horwood , Mursley, Newton Longville , North Marston , Oving , Pitchcott, Swanbourne, Whitchurch and Winslow This pack is produced as part of the Building Community Capacity Project by AVDC’s Lynne Maddocks. Contact on 01296 585364 or [email protected] for more information. July 2013 Index All groups are listed alphabetically according to organisation name. This list is not a fully comprehensive listing of older people’s services in these areas, but is designed to be a good starting point. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this information. It is up to date at the time of printing which is July 2013. Page No Organisation name 4 Abbeyfield (Haddenham)
    [Show full text]
  • Late Medieval Buckinghamshire
    SOLENT THAMES HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH FRAMEWORK RESOURCE ASSESSMENT MEDIEVAL BUCKINGHAMSHIRE (AD 1066 - 1540) Kim Taylor-Moore with contributions by Chris Dyer July 2007 1. Inheritance Domesday Book shows that by 1086 the social and economic frameworks that underlay much of medieval England were already largely in place. The great Anglo Saxon estates had fragmented into the more compact units of the manorial system and smaller parishes had probably formed out of the large parochia of the minster churches. The Norman Conquest had resulted in the almost complete replacement of the Anglo Saxon aristocracy with one of Norman origin but the social structure remained that of an aristocratic elite supported by the labours of the peasantry. Open-field farming, and probably the nucleated villages usually associated with it, had become the norm over large parts of the country, including much of the northern part of Buckinghamshire, the most heavily populated part of the county. The Chilterns and the south of the county remained for the most part areas of dispersed settlement. The county of Buckinghamshire seems to have been an entirely artificial creation with its borders reflecting no known earlier tribal or political boundaries. It had come into existence by the beginning of the eleventh century when it was defined as the area providing support to the burh at Buckingham, one of a chain of such burhs built to defend Wessex from Viking attack (Blair 1994, 102-5). Buckingham lay in the far north of the newly created county and the disadvantages associated with this position quickly became apparent as its strategic importance declined.
    [Show full text]
  • Hillesden Hamlet and Church End Conservation Areas
    Hillesden Hamlet and Church End Conservation Areas HILLESDEN HAMLET AND CHURCH END CONSERVATION AREAS Designated 18th July 1990 The village of Hillesden is located in an isolated and almost featureless landscape, some three and a half miles south of Buckingham. It comprises three quite distinct parts: the tiny Hillesden hamlet just off the Buckingham to Brill Road; a larger part known as Church End, approximately one mile south east of Hillesden hamlet, and a small ribbon of modern houses which straddle the roadside midway between the other two areas, known as The Barracks. The Paddocks Orchard Cromwell House View BM 94.38m The Orchard 92.5m Sewage Works Silos Oak Track Lodge 96.8m Tudor Cottage Home Farm Green Haze 101.5m Nutley Hillesden 102.5m Pond TheLB Gables School House Seabrooke House The Old School CHURCH END 104.4m TCB All Saints’ Church Pond BM 106.63m FB Pond Rose Cottage The Bakers House 104.3m P Pond Cattle Grid Hillesden House 101.5m Not to a recognised scale © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. 102.1m Aylesbury Vale District Council. Licence No 100019797 2008 1 Hillesden Hamlet and Church End Conservation Areas The main part of the village, is at Church End, on a small hill which dominates the surrounding flat farmland. It is entered by a single narrow lane which winds eastward from the Buckingham/Brill Road before culminating at Church Hill and Home Farms. This part of the village is dominated by the Grade I Listed Church of All Saints. The Church is of fifteenth Century origin, and was restored by the Abbey of Nutley in 1493.
    [Show full text]
  • Aylesbury Vale
    NOVEMBER 2016 | ISSUE 20 AYLESBURY VALE aylesburyvaledc.gov.uk • Local business focus: The Vale entrepreneurs who tamed a Dragon! • Find out how can make your life easier • Vale Lottery’s 1st birthday bonanza! ALSO: What’s on this Christmas, Strictly’s Brendan Cole, competitions & lots more! News from Aylesbury Vale District Council 1 • Vale business focus A rocket-fuelled boost to business in the Vale Once a World War Two training base, Westcott Venture Park, near Aylesbury, has evolved to become the and tested by Moog UK home of rocket research for defence and space ©NASA UK Westcott. The development. AVDC is playing a key role in its future JUNO Mission forms expansion, as it has become one of three locations in one of the spacecraft the Vale to secure Enterprise Zone status. in NASA’s New ©NASA Originally created as a Frontiers Programme. training base for bomber No probe has ever got crews, the 650-acre site as close to Jupiter as Juno Mission probe became a government this mission will go. research centre in 1946, For Westcott Venture Park, it seems the future holds no known as a Guided bounds. As a major space production hub, the UK Space Projectile Establishment. Agency has announced it’s investing more than four million Early research focused on rocket engine propellants pounds in a National Propulsion Test Facility at the site, and rocket research. Over the subsequent years major giving the UK a new facility for space technology testing. missile propulsion programmes were developed, such as the Blue Streak, Black Knight and the top-secret In addition to this, Buckinghamshire Thames Valley Local Chevaline nuclear war-head project, while Westcott’s Enterprise Partnership, which includes AVDC, is investing rockets were also used for space missions, including the its own funding in an Innovation/Incubation Centre and 1990’s Mars exploration.
    [Show full text]