Winslow Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Winslow Historic Town Assessment Report Consultation Draft Winslow looking north (© M Farley) Winslow Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 4 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Project Background and Purpose ............................................................................................ 8 1.2 Aims ......................................................................................................................................... 8 2 Setting ............................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Location, Topography & Geology ............................................................................................ 9 2.2 Wider Landscape ..................................................................................................................... 9 3 Evidence.......................................................................................................................................... 16 3.1 Historic Maps.......................................................................................................................... 16 3.2 Documentary Evidence .......................................................................................................... 16 3.3 Built Heritage.......................................................................................................................... 18 3.4 Archaeological Evidence........................................................................................................ 20 3.5 Environmental Evidence ........................................................................................................ 21 4 Archaeological & Historical Development................................................................................... 24 4.1 Prehistoric and Roman period (c.10,000 BC – AD 410) ........................................................ 24 4.2 Saxon period (AD 410 – 1066)............................................................................................... 26 4.3 Medieval period (1066-1536) ................................................................................................. 29 4.4 Post medieval period (1536-1800)......................................................................................... 34 4.5 Modern period (1800-Present)............................................................................................... 40 II ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................. 50 5 Designations................................................................................................................................... 50 5.1 Conservation Areas (CA) ....................................................................................................... 51 5.2 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 51 5.3 Archaeological Notification Areas .......................................................................................... 51 5.4 Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................................................. 51 6 Historic Urban Zones..................................................................................................................... 52 6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 52 6.2 Historic Urban Zones ............................................................................................................. 52 6.3 Archaeological Assessment................................................................................................... 52 6.4 Heritage Values...................................................................................................................... 55 6.5 Historic Settlement ................................................................................................................. 57 6.6 Modern Settlement................................................................................................................. 67 III RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................ 70 7 Management Recommendations .................................................................................................. 70 7.1 Conservation Area Appraisals................................................................................................ 70 7.2 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 70 7.3 Archaeological Notification Areas .......................................................................................... 70 7.4 Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................................................. 70 7.5 Listed Buildings ...................................................................................................................... 70 8 Research Agenda ........................................................................................................................... 71 8.1 Prehistoric and Roman Winslow ............................................................................................ 71 8.2 Saxon Winslow....................................................................................................................... 71 8.3 Medieval Winslow .................................................................................................................. 71 8.4 Post Medieval Winslow .......................................................................................................... 71 8.5 Modern Winslow..................................................................................................................... 71 9 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................... 72 10 Addresses ................................................................................................................................... 75 1 Appendix: Chronology & Glossary of Terms .............................................................................. 76 1.1 Chronology (taken from Unlocking Buckinghamshire’s Past Website).................................. 76 1.2 Glossary of Terms.................................................................................................................. 76 2 Appendix: HER Records................................................................................................................ 78 2.1 Monuments HER Report........................................................................................................ 78 2.2 Landscapes HER Reports...................................................................................................... 80 2.3 Find Spots .............................................................................................................................. 80 2.4 Listed Buildings ...................................................................................................................... 80 3 Appendix: Trade Listings and Population Data .......................................................................... 84 4 Appendix: Historical Consultancy Report................................................................................... 86 2 Winslow Historic Town Assessment Draft Report List of Illustrations Figure 1: Urban Character Zones for Winslow.......................................................................................... 6 Figure 2: Winslow in location................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 3: Geology of town (BGS) ............................................................................................................ 11 Figure 4: Diagram of Connections from Winslow (representational only)............................................... 12 Figure 5: Town in the wider historic landscape using Bucks HLC .......................................................... 14 Figure 6: Historic settlement pattern around Winslow............................................................................. 15 Figure 7: Historic maps............................................................................................................................ 17 Figure 8: Listed Buildings by century ...................................................................................................... 18 Figure 9: Image of Listed Buildings by century ....................................................................................... 19 Figure 11: Location and extent of events within Winslow ....................................................................... 23 Figure 12: HER records for the Prehistoric and Roman period............................................................... 25 Figure 13: Possible extent of the town in the Saxon period...................................................................