Nunavik in Figures 2015 - Full Version

Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron The Canada Research Chair in Comparative Aboriginal Condition is affiliated with the Centre interuniversitaire d’études et de recherches autochtones (CIÉRA) and the Faculté des sciences sociales at the Université Laval.

Mailing address: Canada Research Chair in Comparative Aboriginal Condition Université Laval Pavillon Charles-De Koninck 1030, avenue des sciences humaines Local 2439 Québec, QC Canada G1V 0A6

Telephone: (418) 656-7596 Fax: (418) 656-3023 [email protected]

Symbols n.a.: not available -: No data

ISBN : 978-2-921438-94-0

Cover illustration: © Sarah Joe Quinajuak/Rebecca Qumaluk, Povungnituk 1985, no 15. Family looking for food in spring times. Re- produced with the permission of the Fédération des coopératives du Nouveau-Québec.

Legal Deposit: . Bibliothèque nationale du Québec, 2th quarter 2015 National Library of Canada, 2th quarter 2015 Nunavik in Figures 2015 - Full Version

Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron

PREFACE

This collection of statistics is a follow-up to our earlier publications, Socioeconomic Profile of Nunavik 2006 and Socioeconomic Profile of Nunavik 20081. Updating began in the fall of 2012 and was motivated by the publication of the first results from the 2011 Census of Canada. The content and presentation of this current issue, however, differ significantly from earlier editions, which we explain briefly below.

The Nunivaat program In 2004, the Kativik Regional Administration and Université Laval signed a long-term collaboration agreement to improve statistical coverage of the Nunavik region2. This agreement was based on a long history of working together. For many years, regional authorities have been aware of the importance of being adequately equipped to make informed decisions in all areas of public policy relating to socioeconomic issues. This agreement led to the Nunivaat Program, a Nunavik statistics program, which included the creation of a database known as Nunivaat, and which has been online and publically available since 2007. Producing a socioeconomic profile of Nunavik was an idea that originated with the Kativik Regional Administration. Its goal was to overcome the difficulties of comparing Nunavik’s situation with that of other Quebec regions and with Quebec as a whole. The first editions were inspired by the publication Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec (socioeconomic portrait of Quebec regions), whose indicators and reporting formats etc.3 were used in our publication wherever possible. However, in these periodic reports Nunavik was grouped with Eeyou Istchee and la Jamésie within the administrative region known as “Nord-du-Québec” such that it provided no useful indicators for Nunavik alone. Our new edition draws mostly on the most recent update of Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec, especially since it now contains data specifically on Nunavik. However, the content differs from our original format due to significant changes in data availability.

Difficulties encountered The obstacles encountered in past versions persist, as statistical coverage of Nunavik is still patchy. In addition, new obstacles have held up the work and delayed preparation of the document. Thus the changes to the 2011 Census of Canada, such as the change in content and the lifting of the obligation to respond, have had a major impact on the availability of data, the complexity of our work and on delaying production schedules. Some topics covered in earlier censuses have been eliminated and instead incorporated into Statistics Canada sample surveys such as the 2011 National Household Survey. These changes have several consequences. First, less data is available, so that now several different sources must be searched instead of searching the census data alone. Second, these surveys have validity problems, which was not the case with the census. Thus the voluntary nature of participation in the National Household Survey can lead to bias as characteristics of non-respondents are likely to differ from characteristics of respondents. In addition, the rate of non-response is considerably higher in the National Household Survey than in past censuses. In fact partial non- response, i.e. the bias introduced when questionnaires are only partially completed, is greater for questions on education, work, income and housing – yet these are the very themes for which data is needed to fill the gaps left by the census. Overall, analytic capacity has been diminished and delayed. In addition to these difficulties, unlike for the Census of Canada, the National Household Survey is not repeated on a fixed or guaranteed schedule, and its content varies. The post-censal nature of this survey also leads to a delay between the Census data and the additional data, but worst of all, delayed access to the data. The coverage of Nunavik by Statistics Canada presents a further difficulty. Data available online for Canada Census and for the National Household Survey no longer offer aggregate data for the whole of Nunavik. From now on, a request has to be made to Statistics Canada to obtain aggregate data for the region.

Content presentation To produce this collection, we have made the most of the available statistics from the Census of Canada, the National Household Survey, the Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec and, to compensate for the inadequacies of the census, we have also drawn from numerous complementary sources of data, most of which have been presented in earlier editions. Despite our efforts to produce a statistical portrait of Nunavik that matches earlier editions, some adjustments had to be made in this edition. We have done our best to cover all the topics covered in earlier editions; however, nearly 40% of the tables in this version are substantially different. In the interests of accuracy we have kept the same systematic presentation of notes and bibliographic sources in spite of the fact that they are now longer, because most of them are online sources and because the sources of data are more fragmented than ever. As in earlier editions, we created summary charts from the data presented to facilitate analysis. Where fresh content is missing due to unavailable data, some unique data presented in the last edition is reproduced; or new data has been added, including data from surveys conducted by Université Laval. In some cases, notably when data was unavailable, we dropped comparisons between Nunavik and all of Quebec and Nord-du-Québec. Faced with the scale of the work necessary to complete the update and create new tables, we focused on creating statistical tables and had to forego descriptive analyses. This decision is reflected in our title,Nunavik in Figures 2015.

1. Duhaime, Gérard, 2008. Profil socioéconomique du Nunavik, Édition 2008, Chaire de recherche du Canada sur la condition autochtone comparée, Université Laval, Québec, Canada, 128 p.; Duhaime, Gérard, 2007. Profil socioéconomique du Nunavik 2006, Chaire de recherche du Canada sur la condition autochtone comparée, Université Laval, Québec, Canada, 90 p. 2. www.nunivaat.org 3. Gouvernement du Québec, 2011. Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation, p. 101. 5 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Two final remarks are in order here. Ironically, while the task of updating was inspired by the imminent release of the 2011 Census results, our entire operation was seriously hindered by changes in the census. And ironically too, while we were making such efforts to counter the dispersion of statistical data on Nunavik, in particular by creating Nunivaat.org and regularly updating and expanding it, Canadian public policy was being adopted that depleted the body of data available and increased its dispersion. Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE...... 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS...... 7 LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS...... 9 SECTION 1 - OVERVIEW...... 25 SECTION 2 - DEMOGRAPHY...... 27 2.1 Population Development...... 27 2.2 Fertility...... 29 2.3 Pregnancies...... 31 2.4 Live Births...... 35 2.5 Life Expectancy...... 37 2.6 Mortality...... 39 2.7 Population Distribution by Age...... 42 2.8 Families...... 46 2.9 Dependency Ratio...... 47 2.10 Replacement Index...... 48 2.11 Ethnicity...... 49 2.12 Language...... 50 SECTION 3 - LABOUR MARKET...... 54 3.1 Employment...... 54 3.2 Participation Rate...... 57 3.3 Unemployment...... 58 3.4 Traditional Activities...... 59 SECTION 4 - INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE...... 60 4.1 Industries by Sector of Economic Activity...... 60 4.2 Jobs by Main Sector of Activity...... 61 4.3 Gross Domestic Product by Sector of Activity...... 63 SECTION 5 - INVESTMENT...... 64 SECTION 6 - EDUCATION...... 65 6.1 School Attendance...... 65 6.2 Highest Level of Schooling...... 66 6.3 School Enrolment...... 72 SECTION 7 - INCOME...... 89 7.1 Personal Disposable Income ...... 89 7.2 Personal Income ...... 89 7.3 Mean and Median Income...... 93 7.4 Household Income...... 95 7.5 Deciles...... 96 7.6 Low Income Measures...... 98 SECTION 8 - COST-OF-LIVING...... 99 8.1 Differences in Prices...... 99 8.2 Northern Food Basket...... 100 SECTION 9 - DWELLINGS...... 101 9.1 Tenure...... 101 9.2 Major Repairs...... 102 7 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 9.3 Overcrowding...... 104 9.4 Water Supply...... 107 SECTION 10 - HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICES...... 109 10.1 Childcare Service...... 109 10.2 General Practitioners, Nurses and Orderlies...... 110 10.3 Available Inpatient Beds...... 120 SECTION 11 - HEALTH STATUS ...... 124 11.1 Infectious Diseases...... 124 11.2 Hospitalizations and Surgeries...... 128 11.3 Tobacco and Alcohol...... 130 SECTION 12 - CRIME...... 131

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 8 LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS

SECTION 1 - OVERVIEW Tables 1.1 Average montly temperature, Kuujjuaq and Québec, 2013 (°C)...... 25 1.2 Population, area and economy, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 and other years (N, %, km2)...... 26 1.3 Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998, 2003 and 2012 (current $ 000, per capita $ and %)...... 26 Chart 1.1 Average montly temperature, Kuujjuaq and Québec, 2013 (°C)...... 25 SECTION 2 - DEMOGRAPHY Tables 2.1.1 Population by communities, Nunavik, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 (N)...... 27 2.1.2 Population projections, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021, 2026 and 2031 (N et %)...... 28 2.2.1 Total fertility rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1984-1988 to 2004-2008 (Index)...... 29 2.2.2 Fertility rate according to mother’s age, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004-2008 (Annual average rate per 1,000 women)...... 30 2.3.1 Pregnancies according to woman’s age, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 1,000 women)...... 31 2.3.2 Pregnancies according to woman’s age, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (N)...... 32 2.3.3 Pregnancies among teenagers aged 14-17 years according to outcome, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1998 to 2003-2007 (N and average annual rate for 1,000 teenagers)...... 33 2.3.4 Pregnancies among young women aged 18-19 years according to outcome, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1998 to 2003-2007 (N and annual average rate for 1,000 young women)...... 34 2.4.1 Live births according to mother’s schooling level, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (%, years and N)...... 35

9 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 2.4.2 Infant mortality, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec et Québec, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005-2009 (Rate per 1,000 live births)...... 36 2.5.1 Life expectancy at birth, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Years)...... 37 2.5.2 Life expectancy at birth according to sex, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Years)...... 38 2.6.1 Mortality according to cause of death and sex, 5-year average, Nunavik and Canada, 2004-2008 (Rate per 10,000 persons)...... 39 2.6.2 Mortality by suicide, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Average annual adjusted rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 40 2.6.3 Adjusted mortality rate for smoking-related conditions, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1999 to 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 41 2.7.1 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%)...... 42 2.7.2 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 43 2.7.3 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N)...... 44 2.8 Distribution of census families in private households, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N and %)...... 46 2.9 Demographic dependency ratio, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011.... 47 2.10 Replacement index, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011...... 48 2.11 Ethnic composition of population, Nunavik (villages), Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N and %)...... 49 2.12.1 Inuit population who report an ability to conduct a conversation in an Inuit language, 2006 and 2011 (%)...... 50 2.12.2 Language most often spoken at home, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 51 2.12.3 Language most often spoken at home (single responses), Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006 and 2011 (%)...... 52

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 10 2.12.4 Language most often used at work, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (% of the population aged 15 years and over and working as of January 1, 2010)...... 53 Charts 2.1.2 Population variation, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006-2031 (%)...... 28 2.2.1 Total fertility rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1984-1988 to 2004-2008 (Index)...... 29 2.2.2 Fertility rate according to mother’s age, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2004-2008 (Average annual rate per 1,000 women)...... 30 2.3.1 Pregnancies according to woman’s age, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 1,000 women)...... 31 2.3.3 Pregnancies among teenagers aged 14-17 years, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1998 to 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 1,000 teenagers)...... 33 2.3.4 Total pregnancies among young women aged 18-19 years, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1998 to 2003-2007 (Average annual rate for 1,000 young women)...... 34 2.4.1 Live births according to mother’s schooling level, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (%)...... 35 2.5.1 Life expectancy at birth, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Years)...... 37 2.5.2 Life expectancy at birth according to sex, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2008 (Years)...... 38 2.6.2 Mortality by suicide, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Average annual adjusted rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 40 2.6.3 Adjusted mortality rate for smoking-related conditions, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2000-2004 to 2003-2007 (Taux annuel moyen ajusté pour 10 000 habitants)...... 41 2.7.1 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 42 2.7.2 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, 2011 (N)...... 45 2.7.3 Population distribution by age groups, all of Quebec, 2011 (N)...... 45 2.9 Demographic dependency ratio, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011..... 47

11 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 2.10 Replacement index, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011...... 48 2.11 Ethnic composition of population, Nunavik (villages), Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 49 2.12.1 Inuit population who report an ability to conduct a conversation in an Inuit language, 2011 (%)...... 50 2.12.2 Language most often spoken at home, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 51 2.12.3 Language most often spoken at home (single responses), Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 52 2.12.4 Language most often used at work, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (% of the population aged 15 years and over and working as of January 1, 2010)...... 53

SECTION 3 - LABOUR MARKET Tables 3.1.1 Trends in full-time employment, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998, 2005 and 2011 (N and %)...... 54 3.1.2 Breakdown of regular full-time jobs based on status and sex, Nunavik, 1998, 2005 and 2011 (N and %)...... 55 3.1.3 Jobs according to duration, Nunavik, 1998, 2005 and 2011 (N and %)...... 56 3.2.1 Participation rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2011 (%)...... 57 3.3.1 Unemployment rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2011 (%)...... 58 3.3.2 Adult unemployment insurance beneficiaries, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2006 (N and %)...... 59 3.4 Adults who participated in traditional activities over the past year, Inuit Nunangat, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut, Nunavut and Inuvialuit, 2006 (%)...... 59 Charts 3.1.1 Variations in full-time jobs, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998-2005, 2005-2011 and 1998-2011 (%)...... 54 3.1.2 Breakdown of regular full-time jobs based on status and sex, Nunavik, 1998, 2005 and 2011 (N)...... 55

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 12 3.1.3 Jobs according to duration, Nunavik, 2005 and 2011 (N)...... 56 3.2.1 Participation rate, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2011 (%)...... 57 3.3.1 Unemployment rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2011 (%)...... 58

SECTION 4 - INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE Tables 4.1 Industries by sector of economic activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2012 (N and %)...... 60 4.2.1 Jobs by main sector of activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2011 (N and %)...... 61 4.2.2 Jobs in the service sector by main group, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2011 (N and %)...... 62 4.3.1 Gross domestic product by sector of activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998, 2003 and 2012 ($)...... 63 4.3.2 Gross domestic product by sector of activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998, 2003 and 2012 (%)...... 63 Charts 4.1 Industries by sector of economic activity, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2012 (%)...... 60 4.2.1 Jobs by main sector of activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2011 (%)...... 61 4.2.2 Jobs in the service sector by main group, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2011 (%)...... 62

SECTION 5 - INVESTMENT Tables 5.1.1 Private and public sector investment, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2006 ($ and %)...... 64 5.1.2 Private and public sector investment, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2006 ($ per capita)...... 64

13 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 SECTION 6 - EDUCATION Tables 6.1.1 Population 15 years and over attending school, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001 (N and %)...... 65 6.1.2 Proportion of population aged 15-24 years not attending school according to sex, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1991, 1996 and 2001 (%)...... 66 6.2.1 Population aged 25 to 64 years according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N)...... 66 6.2.2 Population aged 25 to 64 years according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 67 6.2.3 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N)...... 68 6.2.4 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 69 6.2.5 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2011 (%)...... 70 6.2.6 Inuit population aged 60 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, 2004 (N and %)...... 71 6.3.1 Enrolment preschool to secondary according to level, Nunavik, 1995, 2000 and 2005 (N and %)...... 72 6.3.2 Enrolment by language of instruction according to level, Nunavik, 2005 (N)...... 72 6.3.3 Enrolment by language of instruction according to level, Nunavik, 2005 (%)...... 73 6.3.4 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N)...... 74 6.3.5 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 75

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 14 6.3.6 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, females, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N)...... 76 6.3.7 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, females, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 77 6.3.8 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, males, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N)...... 78 6.3.9 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, males, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 79 6.3.10 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N)...... 80 6.3.11 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 81 6.3.12 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, females, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N)...... 83 6.3.13 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, females, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 84 6.3.14 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, males, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N)...... 86 6.3.15 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, males, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 87

15 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Charts 6.2.2 Population aged 25 to 64 years according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 67 6.2.4 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 69 6.2.5 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2011 (%)...... 70 6.3.1 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, primary level, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 82 6.3.2 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, secondary level, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 82 6.3.3 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, primary level, females, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 85 6.3.4 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, secondary level, females, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 85 6.3.5 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, primary level, males, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 88 6.3.6 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, secondary level, males, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)...... 88

SECTION 7 - INCOME Tables 7.1 Per capita personal disposable income, Nunavik, Nunavik residents only and all of Quebec, 1983, 1991, 1998 and 2003 (current $ per capita and %)...... 89 7.2.1 Per capita employment income, Nunavik, Nunavik residents only and all of Quebec, 1983, 1991, 1998 and 2003 ($ per capita and %)...... 89

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 16 7.2.2 Per capita government transfer income, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1983, 1991, 1998 and 2003 ($ per capita and %)...... 90 7.2.3 Sources of per capita personal income, Nunavik, 1983, 1991, 1998, 2003 and 2010 (%)...... 91 7.2.4 Composition of total income for the population aged 15 years and over, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2010 (%)...... 92 7.3.1 Median and average income after tax, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 ($ and N)...... 93 7.3.2 Median and average income after tax, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2010 ($)...... 94 7.4.1 Total income of private households before tax and average number of family members, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (% and N)...... 95 7.4.2 Total income of private households after tax and average number of family members, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (% and N)...... 95 7.5.1 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (%)...... 96 7.5.2 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2010 (%)...... 97 7.6 Low income cut-off (LICO) and low income rate (LIR) after tax, Inuit Nunangat and regions, 2006 ($, %)...... 98 Charts 7.2.3 Sources of per capita personal income, Nunavik, 1983, 1991, 1998, 2003 and 2010 (%)...... 91 7.3.1 Median and average income after tax, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (%)...... 93 7.3.2 Median and average income after tax, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2010 (%)...... 94 7.5.1 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (%)...... 96 7.5.2 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2010 (%)...... 97

17 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 SECTION 8 - COST-OF-LIVING Tables 8.1.1 Differences in average prices of food products, personal care products and household products, Schefferville, Nunavik and Quebec City, 2011 (Quebec=100)...... 99 8.1.2 Differences in consumer prices between Nunavik and Quebec, April 2011, 2012 and 2013 (Quebec=100)...... 100 8.2 Cost of Northern Food Basket, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Nunavik, Newfoundland and Labrador, 2011, 2012, 2013 ($)...... 100 Chart 8.1.1 Differences in average prices of food products, personal care products, and household products, Schefferville, Nunavik and Quebec City, 2011 (Quebec=100)...... 99

SECTION 9 - DWELLINGS Tables 9.1 Private dwellings by tenure, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N and %)...... 101 9.2.1 Dwellings requiring major repairs, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%)...... 102 9.2.2 People living in dwellings requiring major repairs, Nunavik, other Inuit regions and all of Quebec, 1996 and 2006 (%)...... 103 9.3.1 Total number of private households according to housing suitability, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 104 9.3.2 Crowded dwellings, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%)...... 105 9.3.3 Number of persons living in crowded dwellings, Nunavik, other Inuit regions and all of Quebec, 1996 and 2006 (%)...... 106 9.4.1 Population distribution according to drinking water supply source, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (%)...... 107 9.4.2 Population distribution according to drinking water treatment method, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (%)...... 108 Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 18 Charts 9.1 Private dwellings by tenure, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 101 9.2.1 Dwellings requiring major repairs, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%)...... 102 9.3.1 Total number of private households according to housing suitability, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)...... 104 9.3.2 Crowded dwellings, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%)...... 105 9.4.1 Population distribution according to drinking water supply source, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (%)...... 107 9.4.2 Population distribution according to drinking water treatment method, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (%)...... 108

SECTION 10 - HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICES Tables 10.1 Available childcare spaces for children under the age of 5, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1998, 2002-2007 (Rate per 100 children aged 0-4 years)...... 109 10.2.1 General practitioners, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2011 (N)...... 110 10.2.2 General practitioners, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2011 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 111 10.2.3 Full-time equivalent nurses, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (N)...... 112 10.2.4 Full-time equivalent nurses, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 113 10.2.5 Full-time equivalent nursing assistants, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (N)...... 114 10.2.6 Full-time equivalent nursing assistants, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 115 10.2.7 Full-time equivalent orderlies, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (N)...... 116

19 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 10.2.8 Full-time equivalent orderlies, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 117 10.2.9 Individuals aged 15 years and older providing unpaid help or care to elderly people, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2006 (%)...... 118 10.2.10 Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (N)...... 118 10.2.11 Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 119 10.3.1 Available inpatient beds in short-term healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2004, 2006-2007, 2010 (N)...... 120 10.3.2 Available inpatient beds in short-term healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2004, 2006-2007, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 121 10.3.3 Available inpatient beds in residential and long-term care, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2007, 2010 (N)...... 122 10.3.4 Available inpatient beds in residential and long-term care, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2007, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 123 Charts 10.1 Available childcare spaces for children under the age of 5, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004-2007 (Rate per 100 children aged 0-4 years)...... 109 10.2.2 General practitioners, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2008-2011 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 111 10.2.4 Full-time equivalent nurses, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2007-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 113 10.2.6 Full-time equivalent nursing assistants, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2007-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 115 10.2.8 Full-time equivalent orderlies, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2007-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 117 10.2.11 Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2007-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 119 Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 20 10.3.2 Available inpatient beds in short-term healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 121 10.3.4 Available inpatient beds in residential and long-term care, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2007, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 123

SECTION 11 - HEALTH STATUS Tables 11.1.1 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004 (Average annual incidence over 5-year period)...... 124 11.1.2 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004 (Gross average annual rate over 5-year period per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 125 11.1.3 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (Average annual incidence over 5-year period)...... 126 11.1.4 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (Gross average annual rate over 5-year period per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 127 11.2.1 Short-stay hospitalizations and day surgeries according to main diagnosis, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 128 11.2.2 Short-stay hospitalizations and day surgeries according to main diagnosis, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006-2010 (Average annual rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 129 11.3.1 Tobacco use, population aged 15 years and over, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2003 and 2004 (%)...... 130 11.3.2 Frequency of heavy drinking episodes over the past year, population aged 15 years and over, Nunavik and Quebec, 2003 an 2004 (%)...... 130 Charts 11.1.2 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2004 (Gross average annual rate over 5-year period per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 125 11.1.4 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2009 (Gross average annual rate over 5-year period per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 127 11.2.1 Short-stay hospitalizations and day surgeries according to main diagnosis, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 128

21 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 11.2.2 Short-stay hospitalizations and day surgeries according to main diagnosis, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006-2010 (Average annual rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 129

SECTION 12 - CRIME Tables 12.1 Police interventions by category, Nunavik, 2007-2013 (N and %)...... 131 12.2 Crimes against persons, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2000-2003 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 132 12.3 Conjugal violence victimization, women, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2002-2006 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 133 Chart 12.3 Conjugal violence victimization, women, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2003-2006 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)...... 133

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 22 23 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 24 Table 1.1 Average montly temperature, Kuujjuaq and Québec, 2013 (°C) Month Kuujjuaq Québec ºC

January -21.8 -11.7 February -20.4 -9.3 March -10.0 -1.7 April -6.5 3.6 May 0.8 12.5 June 6.1 14.6 July 11.6 20.0 August 11.5 17.9 September 6.3 13.0 October 2.2 7.8 November -8.2 -0.9 December -22.3 -11.9

Source: Climat-Québec, Bilans mensuels et saisonniers, Janvier-Décembre 2013. http://www.climat-quebec.qc.ca/home.php?id=monthly_seasonal_summary&mpn=cli- mate_mon&slt_year=12&slt_periode=0&slt_month=0&sub=Afficher (site consulté le 30 juin 2014).

Chart 1.1 Average montly temperature, Kuujjuaq and Québec, 2013 (°C) 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

Kuujjuaq Québec

25 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 1.2 Population, area and economy, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 and other years (N, %, km2) Regions Population Demographic Land area Density Economic weight weight N % km2 Inhab./km2 %

Nunavik 12 090 0.15 507 000 0.02 0.1 Nord-du-Québec 42 579 0.54 747 161 0.06 1.1 All of Quebec 7 903 001 100.00 1 356 547 5.83 100.00

Sources: Nunavik, population: Statistics Canada, 2011 Censuses, Data compiled in Nunivaat (Table 2012-02-29-1).http://www.nunivaat.org/TableViewer.aspx?S=2&ID=12961 (last retrieved on February 25, 2013). Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, population, land area: Statistics Canada. 2012. Nord-du-Qué- bec (Code 2499) and all of Quebec (Code 24) (table). Census Profile, 2011 Census of Population, Catalogue no. 98-316-XW, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Re- leased on October 24, 2012. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on February 25, 2013). Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, economic weight: Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec City: Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation (Government of Quebec), p. 11. http://www.mdeie.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/ portraits_regionaux/portrait_socio_econo.pdf (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Notes: The economic weight of Nunavik is calculated on the basis of GDP data for Nunavik and all of Quebec in 2003. The economic weight of the Nord-du- Québec region is calculated on the basis of data from 2009. Total area for Nunavik, including coastal waters, is 660 000 km2, according to the Makivik Corporation. Under the provisions of the Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement, the Inuit of Nunavik are granted 80% of the total area of the islands of the Nunavik Marine Region – i.e., approximately 5,100 square kilometres – as well as the land and mineral rights on this territory. http://www.makivik.org/ wp-content/uploads/2013/02/NILCA_Agreement.pdf.

Table 1.3 Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998, 2003 and 2012 (current $ 000, per capita $ and %) Variation in $ Regions Gross domestic product Variation in $ per capita

1998 2003 2012 1998 2003 2012 annual annual average average 2003-2012 2003-2012 $ 000 $ per capita % %

Nunavik 179 687 290 589 899 548 19 128 28 675 72 102 26.2 209.6 18.9 151.4 All of Quebec 196 258 000 250 752 000 357 431 000 26 936 33 497 44 177 5.3 42.5 4.0 31.9

Sources: 2012, Nunavik et Québec: Robichaud, V. et Duhaime G. 2015. Portrait économique du Nunavik 2012 - Rapport final sur la construction d’une matrice de comptabilité sociale pour le Nunavik. Nunavik: Robichaud, V. (G. Duhaime, ed.), 2007. Economic Portrait of Nunavik in 2003. Canada Research Chair on Comparative Aboriginal Conditions.Québec: Institut de la statistique du Québec, Comptes économiques des revenus et dépenses du Québec, Édition 2011, p. 22. http://www.bdso.gouv.qc.ca/docs-ken/multimedia/PB01608_Compannu2011F00.pdf (last retrieved on February 23, 2013).

Note: GDP per capita is calculated on the basis of the following population projections: http://www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/donstat/societe/demographie/struc_poplt/ qc_1971-20xx.htm

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 26 Table 2.1.1 Population by communities, Nunavik, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 (N) Communities 1996 2001 2006 2011 N

Akulivik 411 472 507 615 Aupaluk 159 159 174 195 Inukjuak 1 184 1 294 1 433 1 597 Ivujivik 274 298 349 370 Kangiqsualujjuaq 648 710 735 874 Kangiqsujuaq 479 536 605 696 Kangirsuk 394 436 466 549 Kuujjuaq 1 726 1 932 2 132 2 375 Kuujjuarapik 579 555 568 657 Puvirnituq 1 169 1 287 1 457 1 692 Quaqtaq 257 305 315 376 Salluit 929 1 072 1 241 1 347 Tasiujaq 191 228 248 303 Umiujaq 315 348 390 444

Nunavik 8 715 9 632 10 620 12 090

Sources: Statistique Canada. 2012. Akulivik, Québec (Code 2499125), Aupaluk, Québec (Code 2499105), Inukjuak, Québec (Code 2499085), Ivujivik, Québec (Code 2499140), Kangiqsualujjuaq, Québec (Code 2499090), Kangiqsujuaq, Québec (Code 2499130), Kangirsuk, Québec (Code 2499110), Kuujjuaq, Québec (Code 2499095), Kuujjuarapik, Québec (Code 2499075), Puvirnituq, Québec (Code 2499120), Quaqtaq, Québec (Code 2499115), Salluit, Québec (Code 2499135), Tasiujaq, Québec (Code 2499100) et Umiujaq, Québec (Code 2499080), (tableau). Profil du recensement, Recensement de 2011, produit nº 98-316-XWF au catalogue de Statistique Canada. Ottawa. Diffusé le 24 octobre 2012. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (site consulté le 7 juillet 2014). Statistique Canada. 2001. Akulivik, Québec (Village nordique), Aupaluk, Québec (Village nordique), Inukjuak, Québec (Vil- lage nordique), Ivujivik, Québec (Village nordique), Kangiqsualujjuaq, Québec (Village nordique), Kangiqsujuaq, Québec (Village nordique), Kangirsuk, Québec (Village nordique), Kuujjuaq, Québec (Village nordique), Kuujjuarapik, Québec (Village nordique), Puvirnituq, Québec (Village nordique), Quaqtaq, Québec (Village nordique), Salluit, Québec (Village nordique), Tasiujaq, Québec (Village nordique) et Umiujaq, Québec (Village nordique), (tableau). Profil du recensement, Recensement de 2001, Date de modification : 01/02/07. http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/AP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=F&- Geo1=CSD&Code1=2499095&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Kuujjuaq&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= (site consulté le 7 juillet 2014).

27 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.1.2 Population projections, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021, 2026 and 2031 (N and %) Variation Regions 2006 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 2006-2031 N %

Nunavik 10 955 11 860 12 324 12 588 12 719 12 770 16.6 Nord-du-Québec 40 272 41 969 42 638 42 961 43 048 43 006 6.8 All of Quebec 7 631 552 7 946 837 8 227 004 8 470 571 8 678 345 8 838 257 15.8

Sources: Nunavik: Institut de la statistique du Québec, Population projections: Mean age and median age, by sex, equivalent territories of the Nord-du-Québec region, Scenario A, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021, 2026 and 2031, 2009 edition http://www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/statistiques/profils/profil10/10mrc_index_an.htm#demography (last retrieved on February 25, 2013). All of Quebec and Nord-du-Québec: Institut de la statistique du Québec, Perspectives démographiques du Québec et des régions, 2006-2056, Édition 2009. http://www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/donstat/societe/demographie/persp_poplt/pers2006-2056/fichier_excel/PopAS_RA_ed09. zip (last retrieved on February 25, 2013) or: http://www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/statistiques/population-demographie/perspectives/perspectives-2006-2056.pdf.

Note: Projections of population variation in Nunavik (2006-2031) are based on the reference scenario A, which consists of the hypotheses deemed as being the most plausible, considering the most recent trends.

Chart 2.1.2 Population variation, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006-2031 (%)

18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Variation 2006-2031 Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 28 Table 2.2.1 Total fertility rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1984-1988 to 2004-2008 (Index) Regions Fertility Absolute variation 1989-1993 1984-1988 1989-1993 1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-2008 to 2004-2008 Index Children per woman

Nunavik 3.61 3.84 3.56 3.38 3.22 -0.62 Nord-du-Québec 1.76 2.81 1.75 1.71 1.75 -1.06 All of Quebec 1.40 1.62 1.58 1.47 1.62 0.00

Sources: Institut national de santé publique du Québec, in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2011: les statistiques. Government of Quebec, p. 27. http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/ acrobat/f/documentation/2011/11-228-03W.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013). Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2006: les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Government of Quebec, 659 pages.

Notes: The total fertility rate is the average number of children that a cohort of women would have according to hypothesis in which these women were governe- dthroughout their entire reproductive period by the fertility rates observed during a giving period (INSPQ, 2006). At the INSPQ (2006 and 2011), the Nord-du- Québec region concerns the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord- du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Chart 2.2.1 Total fertility rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1984-1988 to 2004-2008 (Index)

4,5 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 1984-1988 1989-1993 1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-2008

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

29 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.2.2 Fertility rate according to mother’s age, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004-2008 (Annual average rate per 1,000 women) Regions Fertility 15-19 years 20-24 years 25-29 years 30-34 years 35-39 years 40-49 years Rate

Nunavik 117.8 198.4 156.9 111.4 47.7 6.0 Nord-du-Québec 17.4 100.5 137.9 72.1 20.4 n.a All of Quebec 10.0 52.3 112.0 103.7 40.0 3.1

Sources: Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2011: les statistiques. Government of Quebec, p. 27. http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/acrobat/f/documentation/2011/11-228-03W.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013).

Notes: The total fertility rate is the average number of children that a cohort of women would have according to hypothesis in which these women were governed throughout their entire reproductive period by the fertility rates observed during a giving period. INSPQ, in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2006: les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Government of Quebec, 659 p. At the INSPQ (2011), the Nord-du-Québec region concerns the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Chart 2.2.2 Fertility rate according to mother’s age, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2004-2008 (Average annual rate per 1,000 women)

250

200

150

100

0 15-19 20-24 years 25-29 30-34 years 35-39 40-49 years years years years

Nunavik All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 30 Table 2.3.1 Pregnancies according to woman’s age, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 1,000 women) Regions Pregnancies < 18 18-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 > 35 Total years years years years years years Rate

Nunavik 83.5 200.8 237.6 209.6 144.5 30.0 128.4 Nord-du-Québec 13.9 75.3 134.4 167.8 83.8 7.7 55.8 All of Quebec 14.2 57.5 92.1 143.3 124.7 19.3 59.5

Source: Direction des études et des analyses and Direction de la surveillance de l’état de santé, Quebec Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, Grossesse - Évo- lution du nombre et du taux de grossesse selon l’âge et la région sociosanitaire du lieu de résidence de la femme, Québec City, 2010. http://www.informa. msss.gouv.qc.ca/Details.aspx?Id=u4gvYx1FAKM= (last retrieved on February 26, 2013).

Note: At the INSPQ (2011), the Nord-du-Québec region concerns the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Chart 2.3.1 Pregnancies according to woman’s age, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 1,000 women)

250

200

150

100

0 < 18 18-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 > 35 years years years years years years

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

31 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.3.2 Pregnancies according to woman’s age, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (N) Regions Pregnancies < 18 18-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 > 35 Total years years years years years years N

Nunavik 187 206 566 438 291 133 1 827 Nord-du-Québec 29 75 326 408 207 75 1 120 All of Quebec 13 244 26 046 112 847 180 822 148 689 86 777 568 425

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 32 Table 2.3.3 Pregnancies among teenagers aged 14-17 years according to outcome, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1998 to 2003-2007 (N and average annual rate for 1,000 teenagers) Regions 14-17 years 1995-1998 1998-2002 2003-2007 Elective Total pregnancies Total births Total pregnancies abortions Rate N Rate

Nunavik 99.3 93.0 67.0 15.2 37 83.5 Nord-du-Québec 17.5 15.1 n.a. 9.6 6 13.9 All of Quebec 19.4 18.9 3.0 10.8 2 649 14.2

Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec, in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2011: les statistiques. Government of Quebec, p. 73. http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/acrobat/f/documentation/2011/11-228-03W.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013).

Chart 2.3.3 Pregnancies among teenagers aged 14-17 years, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1998 to 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 1,000 teenagers)

120

100

0 1995-1998 1998-2002 2003-2007

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

33 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.3.4 Pregnancies among young women aged 18-19 years according to outcome, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1998 to 2003-2007 (N and annual average rate for 1,000 young women) Regions 18-19 years 1995-1998 1998-2002 2003-2007 Elective Total pregnancies Total births Total pregnancies abortions Rate N Rate

Nunavik 294.7 252.3 163.7 32.2 41 200.8 Nord-du-Québec 84.5 67.3 41.2 31.1 15 75.3 All of Quebec 68.6 66.5 19.9 35.7 5 209 57.5

Chart 2.3.4 Total pregnancies among young women aged 18-19 years, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995-1998 to 2003-2007 (Average annual rate for 1,000 young women)

350

300

250

200

150

100

0 1995-1998 1998-2002 2003-2007

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 34 Table 2.4.1 Live births according to mother’s schooling level, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (%, years and N) Average Average annual Less than 16 years number of Regions 11 years 12-13 years 14-15 years number of live 11 years and over years of births schooling % Years N

Nunavik 53.4 24.9 15.2 4.0 2.5 10.0 247 Nord-du-Québec 15.6 18.5 15.5 27.1 23.3 13.2 169 All of Quebec 9.7 15.6 13.5 25.2 36.1 14.0 70 059

Source: Éco Santé, Data compiled in Nunivaat (Table 2008-11-06-6). http://www.nunivaat.org/TableViewer.aspx?S=2&ID=11363 (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Chart 2.4.1 Live births according to mother’s schooling level, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2003-2007 (%)

0 Less than 11 years 12-13 years 14-15 years 16 years 11 years and over

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

35 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.4.2 Infant mortality, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec et Québec, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005-2009 (Rate per 1,000 live births) Region 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Rate

Nunavik 23.1 36.8 21.0 21.3 17.5 17.1 18.8 21.4 19.4 Nord-du-Québec 7.9 12.7 6.7 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. All of Quebec 6.8 7.9 5.6 5.1 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.6

Source: Québec, Infant Mortality According to the Component, Province of Quebec and Regions, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005-2009, Données compilées dans Nunivaat (Tableau 2008-11-13-02). http://www.nunivaat.org/Table.aspx/Region/[Nunavik]Regional_level/Indicator/[Health_!_Social_Services] [Mortality]Infant_Mortality/2008-11-13-02/11454 (site consulté le 2 juillet 2014).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 36 Table 2.5.1 Life expectancy at birth, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Years) Regions Life expectancy at birth Variation 1990-1994 to 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2003 2005-2008 2005-2008 Years

Nunavik 66.8 65.5 63.3 65.9 -0.9 Nord-du-Québec 74.2 71.7 72.9 79.6 5.4 All of Quebec 77.4 78.0 79.4 80.8 3.4

Sources: Institut national de santé publique du Québec, in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2011: les statistiques. Government of Quebec, p. 46. http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/ acrobat/f/documentation/2011/11-228-03W.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013). Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2006: les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Government of Quebec, 659 p.

Note: At the INSPQ (2011), the Nord-du-Québec region concerns the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Chart 2.5.1 Life expectancy at birth, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Years)

0 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2003 2005-2008

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

37 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.5.2 Life expectancy at birth according to sex, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005- 2008 (Years) Regions Men Women

1990-1994 1995-1999 1990-1994 1990-1994 1995-1999 1990-1994 2000-2003 2005-2008 2000-2003 2005-2008 to 2005-2008 to 2005-2008 Years

Nunavik 65,4 61,8 59,5 64,5 -0,9 68,5 69,3 67,5 68,1 -0,4 Nord-du-Québec 71,7 69,6 70,1 77,4 5,7 77,1 73,8 75,6 82,3 5,2 All of Quebec 73,8 74,8 76,5 78,3 4,5 80,8 81,1 82,1 83,1 2,3

Sources: Institut national de santé publique du Québec, in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2011: les statistiques. Government of Quebec, p. 46 http://publications.msss.gouv. qc.ca/acrobat/f/documentation/2011/11-228-03W.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013). Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses Regions 2006: les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Government of Quebec, 659 p.

Chart 2.5.2 Life expectancy at birth according to sex, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2008 (Years)

0 Men Women

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 38 Table 2.6.1 Mortality according to cause of death and sex, 5-year average, Nunavik and Canada, 2004-2008 (Rate per 10,000 persons) Sex Cause of death Nunavik Canada Rate

All causes of death 61.3 71.1 All malignant tumours (cancers) 12.4 21.0 Diseases of the circulatory system 5.6 21.7 Both sexes Diseases of the respiratory system 6.7 6.2 Accidental injuries 10.6 3.0 Suicide and self-inflicted injuries 11.5 1.1

All causes of death 69.7 72.4 All malignant tumours (cancers) 10.3 22.3 Diseases of the circulatory system 8.1 21.7 Men Diseases of the respiratory system n.a. 6.3 Accidental injuries 13.5 3.6 Suicide and self-inflicted injuries 18.4 1.7

All causes of death 52.4 69.9 All malignant tumours (cancers) 14.6 19.8 Diseases of the circulatory system 3.0 21.7 Women Diseases of the respiratory system n.a. 6.0 Accidental injuries 7.5 2.3 Suicide and self-inflicted injuries 4.1 0.5

Source: Statistique Canada. Tableau 102-0704 – Mortalité, selon certaines causes de décès (CIM-10) et le sexe, moyenne de cinq ans, Canada et régions inuites, aux 5 ans, CANSIM (base de données) (site consulté le 7 juillet 2014).

Note: Diseases of the respiratory system do not include infectious or parasitical diseases.

39 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.6.2 Mortality by suicide, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Average annual adjusted rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Mortality by suicide 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2008 Rate

Nunavik 6.2 9.4 11.3 10.0 Nord-du-Québec 2.0 2.1 2.6 n.a. All of Quebec 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.5

Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2011: les statistiques. Government of Quebec, p. 211. http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/acrobat/f/ documentation/2011/11-228-03W.pdf (last retrieved on February 26,2013).

Chart 2.6.2 Mortality by suicide, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1990-1994 to 2005-2008 (Average annual adjusted rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

0 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2008

Nunavik All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 40 Table 2.6.3 Adjusted mortality rate for smoking-related conditions, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1995- 1999 to 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions ICD-9 ICD-10 1995-1999 2000-2004 2001-2005 2002-2006 2003-2007 Rate

Nunavik 68.7 66.9 72.6 67.2 70.8 Nord-du-Québec 47.6 30.7 26.6 27.1 29.1 All of Quebec 33.8 30.2 29.2 28.1 27.1

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Mortalité, conditions associées au tabagisme, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid=(last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Notes: Adjusted rate according to structure, by age, both sexes combined, of the corrected population for all of Quebec in 2001. ICD-9 and ICD-10 are revisions of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The adoption of ICD-10 beginning in 2000 may lead to a break in the temporal analysis of several causes of death. The ninth and tenth revisions of the ICD are very different. In the tenth revision, new categories have been added, others have been modified or grouped together, and some rules for identifying the initial cause of death have changed. At Éco-Santé (2011) the Nord-du-Québec region refers to the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Chart 2.6.3 Adjusted mortality rate for smoking-related conditions, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2000- 2004 to 2003-2007 (Average annual rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

0 2000-2004 2001-2005 2002-2006 2003-2007

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

41 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.7.1 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%) Regions 2001 2006 2011 0-14 15-29 30-64 65 years 0-14 15-29 30-64 65 years 0-14 15-29 30-64 65 years years years years and over years years years and over years years years and over %

Nunavik 38.9 26.4 31.7 2.9 36.1 27.4 33.6 3.0 34.3 28.0 34.7 2.9 Nord-du-Québec 30.0 24.7 40.9 4.4 28.1 23.9 42.8 5.2 27.7 24.1 42.1 6.1 All of Quebec 16.1 20.0 50.8 13.1 16.2 19.7 50.0 14.1 15.6 19.4 49.7 15.3

Sources: Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, authors’ compilation based on the CO-1350 semi-personalized profile for the Inuit Nunangat region and components. Ottawa. Nord-du-Québec and all of Québec, 2011: Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Qué- bec, Édition 2011. Québec City. Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation (Government of Quebec), p. 11. http://www. mdeie.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/portraits_regionaux/portrait_socio_econo.pdf (last retrieved on Februa- ry 25, 2013), Nunavik, 2006: Institut de la statistique du Québec. Population estimate for regional county municipalities and equivalent territories by age group and sex, July 1 of years 1996 to 2007 (géoChart geographical breakdown as of January 1, 2008).Nord-du-Québec and Qué- bec, 2006: Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec, Édition 2007. Québec City, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation.

Note: Data concerning all of Quebec and the Nord-du-Québec are for 2010.

Chart 2.7.1 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)

0 0-14 15-29 30-64 65 years years years years and over

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 42 Table 2.7.2 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%) Age groups Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women %

Total Population 100.0 50.7 49.3 100.0 51.0 49.0 100.0 49.0 51.0 0 to 4 years 12.4 6.2 6.2 10.3 5.3 5.0 5.6 2.9 2.7 5 to 9 years 11.3 5.9 5.5 9.4 4.9 4.5 5.1 2.6 2.5 10 to 14 years 10.6 5.5 5.1 8.8 4.5 4.3 5.3 2.7 2.6 15 to 19 years 10.6 5.2 5.4 8.8 4.5 4.3 6.2 3.2 3.1 20 to 24 years 9.2 4.6 4.5 7.5 3.8 3.7 6.2 3.1 3.1 25 to 29 years 8.2 4.0 4.2 7.1 3.5 3.6 6.2 3.1 3.1 30 to 34 years 7.2 3.5 3.6 7.1 3.5 3.6 6.7 3.4 3.4 35 to 39 years 6.5 3.2 3.3 6.9 3.5 3.5 6.3 3.2 3.1 40 to 44 years 5.9 3.2 2.7 6.3 3.3 3.0 6.6 3.3 3.3 45 to 49 years 5.2 2.5 2.7 6.5 3.3 3.2 7.9 3.9 4.0 50 to 54 years 4.1 2.2 2.0 6.1 3.2 2.9 8.2 4.1 4.2 55 to 59 years 3.0 1.6 1.4 4.8 2.5 2.3 7.3 3.6 3.7 60 to 64 years 2.8 1.5 1.3 3.8 2.0 1.8 6.5 3.2 3.3 65 to 69 years 1.3 0.6 0.7 2.6 1.4 1.2 5.1 2.5 2.6 70 to 74 years 0.9 0.5 0.3 1.7 0.9 0.9 3.7 1.7 2.0 75 to 79 years 0.5 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.6 0.6 2.9 1.3 1.7 80 to 84 years 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.3 2.2 0.9 1.4 85 years and over 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.9 0.6 1.4 Sources: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census. Authors’ compilation based on CO-1350; semi-personalized profile for Inuit Nunangat and its components. Ottawa. Nord- du-Québec and all of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2012. Nord-du-Québec (Code 2499) and Quebec (Code 24) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 Census of Population, Catalogue no. 98-316-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on October 24, 2012. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/ dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

43 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.7.3 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N) Age groups Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women N

Total Population 12 090 6 125 5 965 42 580 21 720 20 855 7 903 000 3 875 860 4 027 140 0 to 4 years 1 495 750 750 4 385 2 250 2 135 440 840 225 525 215 320 5 to 9 years 1 370 710 660 4 000 2 090 1 920 399 575 203 675 195 900 10 to 14 years 1 280 670 615 3 740 1 935 1 810 418 205 213 540 204 665 15 to 19 years 1 280 630 655 3 755 1 915 1 840 491 980 249 960 242 020 20 to 24 years 1 110 560 550 3 195 1 610 1 585 489 185 246 850 242 340 25 to 29 years 995 485 510 3 040 1 495 1 540 490 665 245 695 244 970 30 to 34 years 865 425 440 3 005 1 475 1 535 531 445 264 980 266 460 35 to 39 years 790 390 405 2 945 1 470 1 475 498 225 249 610 248 615 40 to 44 years 715 390 325 2 700 1 410 1 285 520 805 261 120 259 690 45 to 49 years 625 305 325 2 775 1 405 1 370 623 575 311 320 312 250 50 to 54 years 500 260 240 2 615 1 380 1 230 648 695 320 695 327 995 55 to 59 years 365 190 175 2 065 1 085 980 579 280 285 295 293 990 60 to 64 years 335 180 160 1 610 840 765 512 830 250 675 262 155 65 to 69 years 160 75 85 1 100 575 525 403 210 194 305 208 905 70 to 74 years 105 65 35 735 365 375 291 755 135 830 155 925 75 to 79 years 65 30 35 520 245 275 232 355 101 675 130 680 80 to 84 years 10 10 10 245 125 120 176 420 69 170 107 250 85 years and 10 5 10 150 50 100 153 945 45 945 108 005 over

Sources: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census. Authors’ compilation based on CO-1350; semi-personalized profile for Inuit Nunangat and components. Ottawa. Nord- du-Québec and all of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2012. Nord-du-Québec (Code 2499) and Quebec (Code 24) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 Census of Population, Catalogue no. 98-316-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on October 24, 2012. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/ dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 44 Chart 2.7.2 Population distribution by age groups, Nunavik, 2011 (N) Men Women 85 + 80-84 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Nunavik Number ('00) by five-year age group, 2011

Chart 2.7.3 Population distribution by age groups, all of Quebec, 2011 (N) Men Women 85 + 80-84 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 350 250 150 50 50 150 250 350 All of Quebec Number ('000) by five-year age group, 2011

45 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.8 Distribution of census families in private households, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N and %) Type of census family Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec N % N % N %

Families including a married or 1 775 63.1 8 310 75.3 1 838 120 83.4 common-law couple Without children at home 330 18.6 2 860 34.4 930 390 50.6 With children at home 1 445 81.4 5 445 65.5 907 725 49.4 1 child 335 18.9 1 550 18.7 368 350 20.0 2 children 375 21.1 1 740 20.9 382 005 20.8 3 children or more 730 41.1 2 150 25.9 157 370 8.6 Single-parent families 1 045 37.1 2 725 24.7 365 515 16.6 Female parent 760 72.7 1 995 73.2 277 930 76.0 1 child 320 42.1 945 47.4 169 760 61.1 2 children 240 31.6 585 29.3 81 365 29.3 3 children or more 210 27.6 465 23.3 26 810 9.6 Male parent 280 26.8 730 26.8 87 580 24.0 1 child 140 50.0 425 58.2 57 910 66.1 2 children 85 30.4 190 26.0 23 780 27.2 3 children or more 55 19.6 115 15.8 5 900 6.7 Total census families in private 2 815 100.0 11 040 100.0 2 203 630 100.0 households

Sources: Nunavik, 2011 : Statistique Canada, Recensement de 2011, compilation des auteurs à partir de CO-1350 Profil semi-personnalisé pour la région Inuit Nun- angat et ses composantes. Ottawa. Nord-du-Québec et Québec : Statistique Canada. 2012. Nord-du-Québec, Québec (Code 2499) et Québec (Code 24) (tableau). Profil du recensement, Recensement de 2011, produit nº 98-316-XWF au catalogue de Statistique Canada. Ottawa. Diffusé le 24 octobre 2012. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (site consulté le 25 février 2013).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 46 Table 2.9 Demographic dependency ratio, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011 Regions Demographic dependency ratio Variation 2001 2006 2011 2001-2011

Nunavik 105.5 100.1 91.7 -13.8 Nord-du-Québec 73.7 72.9 73.9 0.2 All of Quebec 58.8 57.4 59.4 0.6

Sources: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census. Authors’ compilation based on CO-1350; semi-personalized profile for Inuit Nunangat and components. Ottawa. Nord-du- Québec and all of Quebec, 2011: Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec City: Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation (Government of Quebec), p.29. http://www.mdeie.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/portraits_regionaux/por- trait_socio_econo.pdf (last retrieved on February 25, 2013). Nunavik, 2001 and 2006: Institut de la statistique du Québec. Population estimate for regional county municipalities and equivalent territories by age group and sex, July 1 of years 1996 to 2007 (defining area as of January 1, 2008). Nord-du Québec and all of Quebec, 2001 and 2006: Portrait socioéconomique des Regions du Québec, Édition 2007. Québec City: Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation (Government of Quebec).

Note: The demographic dependency ratio is obtained by combining the population of youths aged 0 to 19 years and seniors aged 65 or older, dividing this figure by the population aged 20 to 64 years, and then multiplying this figure by 100. Data concerning all of Quebec and the Nord-du-Québec region are for 2010.

Chart 2.9 Demographic dependency ratio, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011

120

100

0 2001 2006 2011

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

47 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.10 Replacement index, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011 Regions Replacement index Variation 2001 2006 2011 2001-2011

Nunavik 456.9 327.8 299.3 -157.6 Nord-du-Québec 259.2 197.4 178.8 -80.4 All of Quebec 128.7 109.6 98.1 -30.6

Sources: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census. Authors’ compilation based on CO-1350; semi-personalized profile for Inuit Nunangat and components. Ottawa. Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011: Portrait socioéconomique des regions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec City: Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation (Government of Quebec), p.29. http://www.mdeie.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/portraits_regionaux/portrait_socio_econo. pdf (last retrieved on February 25, 2013). Nunavik, 2001 and 2006: Institut de la statistique du Québec. Population estimate for regional county municipalities and equivalent territories by age group and sex, July 1 of years 1996 to 2007 (defining area as of January 1, 2008). Nord-du Québec and all of Quebec, 2001 and 2006: Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec, Édition 2007. Québec City: Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation (Government of Quebec).

Note: The replacement index corresponds to the ratio of people aged 20-29 years to people aged 55-64 years, multiplied by 100. Data concerning all of Quebec and the Nord-du-Québec are for 2010.

Chart 2.10 Replacement index, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

0 2001 2006 2011

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 48 Table 2.11 Ethnic composition of population, Nunavik (villages), Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N and %) Total Inuit Non-Inuit Inuit Non-Inuit Villages/Region population population population population population N %

Akulivik 615 585 30 95.1 4.9 Aupaluk 195 175 20 89.7 10.3 Inukjuak 1 590 1 515 75 95.3 4.7 Ivujivik 370 350 20 94.6 5.4 Kangiqsualujjuaq 865 810 55 93.6 6.4 Kangiqsujuaq 695 640 55 92.1 7.9 Kangirsuk 550 510 40 92.7 7.3 Kuujjuaq 2 350 1 785 565 76.0 24.0 Kuujjuarapik 655 495 160 75.6 24.4 Puvirnituq 1 680 1 560 120 92.9 7.1 Quaqtaq 375 340 35 90.7 9.3 Salluit 1 355 1 265 90 93.4 6.6 Tasiujaq 305 285 20 93.4 6.6 Umiujaq 470 440 30 93.6 6.4

Nunavik 12 070 10 755 1 315 89.1 10.9 Nord-du-Québec 42 390 10 860 31 530 25.6 74.4 All of Quebec 7 732 520 12 570 7 719 950 0.2 99.8

Source: Statistics Canada. 2013. Nord-du-Québec, CDR (Code 2499) (Table). National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, Catalogue no. 99-004-XWF Statistics Ca- nada. Ottawa. Released on June 26, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F

Note: The total data for Nunavik were added together. Given that data for each of the villages was rounded off, totals are approximations.

Chart 2.11 Ethnic composition of population, Nunavik (villages), Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)

100

0 Inuit population Non-Inuit population

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

49 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.12.1 Inuit population who report an ability to conduct a conversation in an Inuit language, 2006 and 2011 (%) Region 2006 2011 %

Inuit Nunangat 84 83 Inuvialuit 20 20 Nunavut 91 89 Nunavik 99 99 Nunatsiavut 27 25

Source: 2006 : Statistique Canada, recensements de la population, 2006. 2011 : Statistique Canada, Enquête nationale auprès des ménages, 2011.

Chart 2.12.1 Inuit population who report an ability to conduct a conversation in an Inuit language, 2011 (%) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Inuit Inuvialuit Nunavut Nunavik Nunatsiavut Nunangat

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 50 Table 2.12.2 Language most often spoken at home, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%) Languages Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec %

English 7.80 7.00 9.80 French 5.70 34.70 80.00 Non-official language 86.10 57.30 7.10 English and French 0.04 0.20 0.90 English and non-official language 0.40 0.70 0.60 French and non-official language 0.08 0.10 1.30 English, French and 0.08 0.10 0.40 non-official language

Source: Nunavik, 2011 : Statistique Canada, Recensement de 2011, compilation des auteurs à partir de CO-1350 Profil semi-personnalisé pour la région Inuit Nun- angat et ses composantes. Ottawa.

Chart 2.12.2 Language most often spoken at home, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)

100

0 English French Non-official language

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

51 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 2.12.3 Language most often spoken at home (single responses), Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006 and 2011 (%) Regions French English Inuktitut Others 2006 2011 2006 2011 2006 2011 2006 2011 %

Nunavik 5.3 5.7 8.3 7.8 85.8 85.6 0.6 0.9 Nord-du-Québec 39.6 35.1 7.1 7.1 21.5 24.5 31.8 33.4 All of Quebec 82.7 82.5 10.2 10.1 0.1 0.1 7.0 7.2

Sources: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census. Authors’ compilation based on CO-1350; semi-personalized profile for Inuit Nunangat and components. Ottawa. Nord- du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011: Statistics Canada. 2012. Nord-du-Québec (Code 2499) and Quebec (Code 24) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 Census of Population, Catalogue no. 98-316-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on October 24, 2012. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/ dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on February 25, 2013). 2006: Statistics Canada, Profile of Language, Immigration, Citizenship, Mobility and Migration for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2006 Census, Catalogue no. 94-577-XCB2006001, Statistics Canada.

Chart 2.12.3 Language most often spoken at home (single responses), Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 French English Inuktitut Other

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 52 Table 2.12.4 Language most often used at work, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (% of the population aged 15 years and over and working as of January 1, 2010) Languages Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec %

English 33.8 21.0 11.9 French 7.0 40.4 81.6 Non-official language 57.8 35.9 0.7 English and French 0.2 1.4 5.3 English and non-official language 1.0 1.0 0.1 French and non-official language 0.0 0.0 0.1 English, French and non-official language 0.0 0.2 0.2

Sources: Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, authors’ compilation based on CO-1437, semi-personalized profile for Nunavik. Ottawa. Nord-du-Québec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Nord-du-Québec, CDR, Quebec (Code 2499) (Table). 2011 National Household Survey Profile, Catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013). All of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Québec (Code 24) (Table). 2011 National Household Survey Profile, Catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (kast retrieved on November 14, 2013).

Chart 2.12.4 Language most often used at work, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (% of the population aged 15 years and over and working as of January 1, 2010)

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 English French Non-official language

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

53 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 3.1.1 Trends in full-time employment, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998, 2005 and 2011 (N and %) Regions Jobs Variation 1998 2005 2011 1998-2005 2005-2011 1998-2011 N %

Nunavik 2 114 3 189 4 179 50.9 31.0 97.7 All of Québec 2 687 100 3 029 800 3 194 000 12.8 5.4 18.9

Sources: Nunavik: Kativik Regional Government. Jobs in Nunavik in 2011, p.13. http://www.krg.ca/images/stories/docs/Employment_and_Training/English/Les%20 Emplois%20au%20Nunavik%202011%20eng%2003_22.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013). All of Quebec: Institut de la statistique du Québec, Main economic indicators, Quebec, annual levels. http://www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/princ_indic/publications/indicat_ANNU.xls (last retrieved on February 26, 2013).

Chart 3.1.1 Variations in full-time jobs, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998-2005, 2005-2011 and 1998-2011 (%)

100

0 1998-2005 2005-2011 1998-2011

Nunavik All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 54 Table 3.1.2 Breakdown of regular full-time jobs based on status and sex, Nunavik, 1998, 2005 and 2011 (N and %) Status Jobs Variation 1998 2005 2011 1998-2005 2005-2011 1998-2011 N %

Beneficiaries 1 184 1 782 2 124 50.5 19.2 79.4 Non-beneficiaries 930 1 407 2 055 51.3 46.1 121.0 Men 1 395 1 863 2 492 33.5 33.8 78.6 Women 719 1 326 1 687 84.4 27.2 134.6 Nunavik 2 114 3 189 4 179 50.9 31.0 97.7

Source: Nunavik: Kativik Regional Government. Jobs in Nunavik in 2011, p.13. http://www.krg.ca/images/stories/docs/Employment_and_Training/English/ Les%20Emplois%20au%20Nunavik%202011%20eng%2003_22.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013).

Chart 3.1.2 Breakdown of regular full-time jobs based on status and sex, Nunavik, 1998, 2005 and 2011 (N)

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0 1998 2005 2011

Beneficiaries Non-beneficiaries Men Women

55 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 3.1.3 Jobs according to duration, Nunavik, 1998, 2005 and 2011 (N and %) Duration Jobs Variation 1998 2005 2011 1998-2005 2005-2011 1998-2011 N %

Full-time regular 2 114 3 189 4 179 50.9 31.0 97.7 Part-time regular 787 979 1 044 24.4 6.6 32.7 Seasonal 415 853 768 105.5 -10.0 85.1 Casual n.a. 1 638 1 901 n.a. 16.1 n.a.

Sources: Nunavik: Kativik Regional Government. Jobs in Nunavik in 2011, p. 13, 38, 44 and 51, http://www.krg.ca/images/stories/docs/Employment_and_Trai- ning/English/Les%20Emplois%20au%20Nunavik%202011%20eng%2003_22.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013). Casual jobs, 2005: Kativik Regio- nal Government. Jobs in Nunavik in 2005.

Chart 3.1.3 Jobs according to duration, Nunavik, 2005 and 2011 (N)

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0 2005 2011

Full-time regular Part-time regular Seasonal Casual

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 56 Table 3.2.1 Participation rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2011 (%) Regions Participation rate Variation 1996 2001 2011 1996-2001 2001-2011 1996-2011 %

Nunavik 66.0 66.2 68.8 0.2 2.6 2.8 Nord-du-Québec n.a. 64.7 66.0 n.a. 1.3 n.a. All of Quebec 62.3 64.2 64.6 1.9 0.4 2.3

Sources: Statistics Canada. 1996 Census of Population. Statistics Canada. 2002. 2001 Community Profiles. Released on June 27, 2002. Modified on: 2005-11-30. Catalogue No.93 F0053XIF, Statistics Canada. 2007. Nord-du-Québec (Table). 2006 Community Profiles, 2006 Census of Population, Catalogue no. 92-591- XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on March 13, 2007. Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, authors’ compilation based on CO-1437, semi-personalized profile for Nunavik. Ottawa. «Nord-du-Québec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Nord-du-Québec, CDR, (Code 2499) (Table). 2011 National Household Survey Profile 2011, Catalogue no 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan. gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013). All of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Quebec (Code 24) (Table).2011 National Household Survey Profile 2011, Catalogue no 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http:// www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F(last retrieved on November 14, 2013).

Note: The participation rate corresponds to the percentage of the working population during the week (Sunday to Saturday) preceding the day of the census in relation to people aged 15 years and over.

Chart 3.2.1 Participation rate, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2011 (%)

58 1996 2001 2011

Nunavik All of Quebec

57 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 3.3.1 Unemployment rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2011 (%) Regions Unemployment rate Variation 1996 2001 2011 1996-2001 2001-2011 1996-2011 %

Nunavik 13.6 14.4 14.1 0.8 -0.3 0.5 Nord-du-Québec 5.7 14.6 12.8 8.9 -1.8 7.1 All of Quebec 11.8 8.2 7.2 -3.6 -1.0 -4.6

Sources: Statistics Canada. 1996 Census of Population. Statistics Canada. 2002. 2001 Community Profiles. Released on June 27, 2002. Modified on: 2005-11-30. Catalogue No.93 F0053XIF, Statistics Canada. 2007. Nord-du-Québec (Table). 2006 Community Profiles, 2006 Census of Population, Catalogue no. 92- 591-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on March 13, 2007. Nord-du-Québec (1996): Portrait socioéconomique des Regions du Québec, Édition 2006. Québec City, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation. Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, authors’ compilation based on CO-1437, semi-personalized profile for Nunavik. Ottawa. Nord-du-Québec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Nord-du-Québec, CDR, (Code 2499) (Table). 2011 National Household Survey Profile 2011, Catalogue no 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http:// www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013). All of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Que- bec (Code 24) (Table).2011 National Household Survey Profile 2011, Catalogue no 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013).

Notes: The unemployment rate corresponds to the percentage of the unemployed population in relation to the working population during the week (Sunday to Saturday) preceding the day of census. The data for Nord-du-Québec shown as 1995 are actually for 1996.

Chart 3.3.1 Unemployment rate, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2011 (%)

0 1996 2001 2011

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 58 Table 3.3.2 Adult unemployment insurance beneficiaries, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2006 (N and %) Regions Total of beneficiairies Variation 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2002-2006 N %

Nunavik 598 588 588 570 596 -0.3 Côte-Nord and 1 523 1 417 1 336 1 238 1 305 -14.3 Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec 412 703 404 360 398 040 390 090 382 857 -7.2

Source: Institut de la statistique du Québec. Adult unemployment insurance beneficiaries, according to type of employment limitations and sex, territories equivalent to Nord-du-Québec, 2002-2006.

Table 3.4 Adults who participated in traditional activities over the past year, Inuit Nunangat, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut, Nunavut and Inuvialuit, 2006 (%) Traditional acvities Inuit Nunangat Inuvialuit Nunavut Nunavik Nunatsiavut %

Hunting 72 57 71 78 76 Fishing 77 70 76 81 85 Gathering wild plants 80 72 79 86 89 Trapping 35 25 30 49 30

Source: Statistics Canada, Aboriginal Peoples Survey, 2006.

59 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 4.1 Industries by sector of economic activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2012 (N and %) Regions Industries Primary Secondary Tertiary Construction Manufacturing N %

Nunavik 119 3.4 3.4 8.4 84.9 Nord-du-Québec 836 7.7 8.1 2.2 82.1 All of Quebec 239 307 5.6 11.3 6.2 76.9

Sources: Nunavik: Kativik Regional Government, Research and Economic Development Department, Nunavik Regional and Private Business Directory, 2012. Nord- du-Québec and all of Quebec: Portrait socioéconomique des Regions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec City, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation, p. 51. http://www.mdeie.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/portraits_regionaux/portrait_socio_econo.pdf (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Notes: The data concerning Nunavik are for 2012 whereas data concerning all of Quebec are for 2010. Data for Nunavik exclude industries that are not owned by the Kativik Regional Government, such as the Katiniq mine, as well as industries which, even if they conduct operations on the territory, do not have a place of business there, such as mineral exploration companies from outside Nunavik. These data also exclude firms operated by the public administration. Regarding the data for all of Quebec, we do not know whether this type of industrie has been excluded from calculations or not.

Chart 4.1 Industries by sector of economic activity, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2012 (%)

0 Primary Secondary Secondary Tertiary construction Manufacturing Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 60 Table 4.2.1 Jobs by main sector of activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2011 (N and %) Regions Primary Secondary Tertiary Primary Secondary Tertiary Construction Manufacturing Construction Manufacturing N %

Nunavik 903 151 3 3 122 21.6 3.6 0.1 74.7 All of Quebec n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.1 5.9 12.8 79.2

Sources: Nunavik: Kativik Regional Government. Jobs in Nunavik in 2011, p. 20, http://www.krg.ca/images/stories/docs/Employment_and_Training/English/Les%20 Emplois%20au%20Nunavik%202011%20eng%2003_22.pdf. Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec: Portrait socioéconomique des Regions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec City, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation, p.55. http://www.mdeie.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/portraits_regionaux/portrait_socio_econo.pdf (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Notes: The data concerning Nunavik are for 2011 whereas data concerning all of Quebec are for 2010. Data for Nunavik exclude industries that are not property of the Kativik Regional Government, such as the Katiniq mine, as well as industries which, even if they carry out operations on the territory, do not have a place of business there, such as mineral exploration companies from outside of Nunavik. These data also exclude industries operated by the public administration. As for the data for all of Quebec, we do not know if this type of industrie has been excluded from calculations or not.

Chart 4.2.1 Jobs by main sector of activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2011 (%)

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Primary Secondary Secondary Tertiary - construction - manufacturing

Nunavik All of Quebec

61 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 4.2.2 Jobs in the service sector by main group, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2011 (N and %) Household Public Driving-force Household Public Driving-force Regions services services services services services services N %

Nunavik 748 2 193 181 17.9 52.5 4.3 All of Quebec n.a. n.a. n.a. 27.7 26.5 25.6

Sources: Nunavik: Kativik Regional Government. Jobs in Nunavik in 2011, p. 20, http://www.krg.ca/images/stories/docs/Employment_and_Training/English/ Les%20Emplois%20au%20Nunavik%202011%20eng%2003_22.pdf (last retrieved on February 26, 2013). Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec: Portrait so- cioéconomique des Regions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec City, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation, p. 55. http://www.mdeie.gouv. qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/portraits_regionaux/portrait_socio_econo.pdf (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Note: The data concerning Nunavik are for 2011 whereas data concerning all of Quebec are for 2010.

Chart 4.2.2 Jobs in the service sector by main group, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 and 2011 (%)

0 Household services Public services Driving-force services

Nunavik All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 62 Table 4.3.1 Gross domestic product by sector of activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998, 2003 and 2012 ($) Secondary Regions Years Primary Tertiary Construction Manufacturing $

Nunavik 2012 332 063 500 105 195 200 453 700 367 623 600 2003 48 931 600 9 001 600 868 100 192 041 900 1998 31 537 100 4 865 500 607 400 119 690 400 All of Quebec 2012 10 284 000 000 25 028 000 000 45 762 000 000 252 108 000 000 2003 5 693 400 000 11 884 600 000 46 455 000 000 168 696 600 000 1998 5 152 400 000 8 792 700 000 39 593 700 000 128 713 100 000

Table 4.3.2 Gross domestic product by sector of activity, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1998, 2003 and 2012 (%) Secondary Regions Years Primary Tertiary Construction Manufacturing %

Nunavik 2012 41.2 13.1 0.1 45.6 2003 19.5 3.6 0.3 76.6 1998 20.1 3.1 0.4 76.4 All of Quebec 2012 3.1 7.5 13.7 75.7 2003 2.4 5.1 20.0 72.5 1998 2.8 4.8 21.7 70.6

Sources: 2012, Nunavik et Québec: Robichaud, V. et Duhaime G. 2015. Portrait économique du Nunavik 2012 - Rapport final sur la construction d’une matrice de comptabilité sociale pour le Nunavik. Nunavik: Robichaud, V. (G. Duhaime, ed.), 2007. Economic Portrait of Nunavik 2003. Canada Research Chair in Com- parative Aboriginal Conditions. All of Quebec: Statistics Canada. Cansim table 379-0025. Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and province, annual (dollars x 1,000,000).

63 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 5.1.1 Private and public sector investment, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2006 ($ and %) Regions Private sector Public sector Total Private sector Public sector $ %

Nunavik 2 544 064 1 186 686 3 730 750 68.2 31.8 Nord-du-Québec 211 000 000 1 181 000 000 1 392 000 000 15.2 84.8 All of Quebec 37 641 000 000 13 087 000 000 50 728 000 000 74.2 25.8

Sources: Nunavik: Kativik Regional Government, 2005 Annual Report, p. 104. Nord-du-Québec: Portrait socioéconomique des Regions du Québec, Édition 2006. Québec City, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation.

Note: Data concerning Nunavik are for 2005, whereas data concerning the Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec are for 2006.

Table 5.1.2 Private and public sector investment, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2006 ($ per capita) Regions Private sector Public sector Total $ per capita $

Nunavik 244 114 358 Nord-du-Québec 5 326 29 812 36 158 All of Quebec 4 951 1 721 6 672

Sources: Nunavik: Administration régionale Kativik, Rapport annuel 2005, p. 104. Nord-du-Québec et Québec:Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec, Édi- tion 2006. Québec, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation.

Note: Data concerning Nunavik are for 2005, whereas data concerning the Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec are for 2006.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 64 Table 6.1.1 Population 15 years and over attending school, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001 (N and %) Regions Full-time Part-time Full-time Part-time N %

Nunavik 705 170 12.01 2.90 Nord-du-Québec 3 380 1 185 13.54 4.75 All of Quebec 700 425 258 160 11.78 4.34

Source: Statistics Canada, Community Profiles, 2001.

Note: Percentage data have been calculated on the basis of the population aged 15 years and over.

65 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.1.2 Proportion of population aged 15-24 years not attending school according to sex, Nunavik, Nord-du- Québec and all of Quebec, 1991, 1996 and 2001 (%) Regions Men Women Total Variation 1991 1996 2001 1991 1996 2001 1991 1996 2001 1991-2001 %

Nunavik 61.5 60.5 65.1 56.8 56.5 62.8 60.6 59.8 62.9 3.8 Nord-du-Québec 52.5 50.6 54.9 49.3 50.2 51.1 52.5 51.0 52.7 0.4 All of Quebec 38.8 32.5 36.1 35.7 29.2 30.2 37.3 30.9 33.2 -11.0

Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec en collaboration avec le Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec et l’Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2006 : les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Gouvernement du Québec, 659 pages.

Note: The percentage of the Nord-du-Québec administrative region was calculated on the basis of the rates of the Nord-du-Québec, Nunavik and Terres Cries de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) socio-sanitary regions. Taken together, these three socio-sanitary regions form the Nord-du-Québec administrative region.

Table 6.2.1 Population aged 25 to 64 years according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N) Highest level of schooling Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec N

Total population aged 25 to 64 years 5 170 20 660 4 370 125

No certificat, diploma or degree 2 570 7 740 645 710

Secondary diploma or equivalent 750 3 025 853 175

Apprenticeship or trades certificate or 810 4 430 825 665 diploma College /CEGEP certificate or diploma 390 2 710 801 905

University certificate or diploma below 120 600 224 955 bachelor level University certificate, diploma or degree equal 530 2 155 1 018 710 to or above bachelor level

Sources: Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, authors’ compilation based on CO-1437; semi-personalized profile for Nunavik. Ottawa. Nord-du-Québec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Nord-du-Québec, CDR, Quebec (Code 2499) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 National Household Survey, catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013). All of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Quebec (Code 24) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 National Household Survey, catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index. cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 66 Table 6.2.2 Population aged 25 to 64 years according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%) Highest level of schooling Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec %

Total population aged 25 to 64 years 100.0 100.0 100.0

No certificat, diploma or degree 49.7 37.5 14.8

Secondary diploma or equivalent 14.5 14.6 19.5

Apprenticeship or trades certificate or 15.7 21.4 18.9 diploma College /CEGEP certificate or diploma 7.5 13.1 18.3

University certificate or diploma below 2.3 2.9 5.1 bachelor level University certificate, diploma or degree equal 10.3 10.4 23.3 to or above bachelor level

Chart 6.2.2 Population aged 25 to 64 years according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)

0 No certificate, Secondary Apprenticeship College Univ. certificate Univ. certificate diploma or diploma or or trades /CEGEP or diploma or diploma degree equivalent certificate or certificate or below bachelor equal to or diploma diploma level above bachelor level

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

67 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.2.3 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N) Highest level of schooling Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec N

Total population aged 15 and over 7 905 30 205 6 474 590

No certificat, diploma or degree 4 775 14 465 1 436 025

Secondary diploma or equivalent 1 090 4 380 1 404 755

Apprenticeship or trades certificate or 925 5 115 1 049 470 diploma College /CEGEP certificate or diploma 425 3 235 1 075 855

University certificate or diploma below 125 690 305 330 bachelor level University certificate, diploma or degree 565 2 315 1 203 155 equal to or above bachelor level

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 68 Table 6.2.4 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%) Highest level of schooling Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec %

Total population aged 15 years and over 100.0 100.0 100.0

No certificat, diploma or degree 60.4 47.9 22.2

Secondary diploma or equivalent 13.8 14.5 21.7

Apprenticeship or trades certificate or 11.7 16.9 16.2 diploma College /CEGEP certificate or diploma 5.4 10.7 16.6

University certificate or diploma below 1.6 2.3 4.7 bachelor level University certificate, diploma or degree equal 7.1 7.7 18.6 to or above bachelor level

Chart 6.2.4 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 No certificate, Secondary Apprenticeship College Univ. certificate Univ. certificate diploma or diploma or or trades /CEGEP or diploma or diploma degree equivalent certificate or certificate or below bachelor equal to or diploma diploma level above bachelor level

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

69 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.2.5 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2011 (%) Highest level of schooling Inuit Non-Inuit %

Total population aged 15 years and over 100.0 100.0

No certificat, diploma or degree 68.8 6.7

Secondary diploma or equivalent 14.5 8.6

Apprenticeship or trades certificate or 11.7 11.5 diploma College /CEGEP certificate or diploma 3.1 20.1

University certificate or diploma below 1.0 5.7 bachelor level University certificate, diploma or degree equal 1.0 46.9 to or above bachelor level

Chart 6.2.5 Population aged 15 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2011 (%)

University certificate, diploma or degree equal to or above bachelor level

University certificate or diploma below bachelor level

College/CEGEP certificate or diploma

Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma

Secondary diploma or equivalent

No certificat, diploma or degree

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 %

Non-Inuit Inuit

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 70 Table 6.2.6 Inuit population aged 60 years and over according to highest level of schooling, Nunavik, 2004 (N and %) Highest level of schooling Nunavik N %

Inuit population aged 60 years and over 348 100.0 No schooling 237 68.1 Less than high school graduation certificate 80 23.0 High school graduation certificate 2 0.6 Some post-secondary studies 24 6.9 Post-secondary certificate or diploma 1 0.3 University degree 4 1.2

Source: Bernard, Nick (G. Duhaime, ed.), 2005, Socio-economic Profile of Elders in Nunavik. Québec City, Canada Research Chair in Comparative Aboriginal Condi- tions, Université Laval, Table 5, p. 23.

71 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.3.1 Enrolment preschool to secondary according to level, Nunavik, 1995, 2000 and 2005 (N and %) Levels Enrolment Variation 1995 2000 2005 1995-2000 2000-2005 1995-2005 N %

Preschool and primary 1 874 2 112 2 128 12.7 0.8 13.6 Secondary 779 840 921 7.8 9.6 18.2 Total 2 653 2 952 3 049 11.3 3.3 14.9

Source: Quebec Ministère de l’Éducation 1995; Quebec Ministère de l’Éducation des Loisirs et du Sport 2000; Kativik School Board 2005.

Table 6.3.2 Enrolment by language of instruction according to level, Nunavik, 2005 (N) Languages Enrolment according to level Preschool Primary (1-2) Primary (3-7) Secondary Total N

Inuktitut 261 516 39 0 816 French 0 0 665 461 1 127 English 0 0 638 469 1 107 Total 261 516 1 342 930 3 049

Source: Ministère de l’Éducation du Québec 1995; Ministère de l’Éducation des Loisirs et du Sport 2000; Kativik School Board 2005.

Note: In Nunavik, Inuktitut is the language of instruction during the first two years of primary school. In grade 3, instruction is in Inuktitut and a second language. Beginning in grade 4, children’s parents choose French or English as the main language of instruction.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 72 Table 6.3.3 Enrolment by language of instruction according to level, Nunavik, 2005 (%) Languages Enrolment according to level Preschool Primary (1-2) Primary (3-7) Secondary Total %

Inuktitut 100.0 100.0 2.9 0.0 26.8 French 0.0 0.0 49.6 49.6 36.9 English 0.0 0.0 47.5 50.4 36.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Source: Quebec Ministère de l’Éducation 1995; Ministère de l’Éducation des Loisirs et du Sport 2000; Kativik School Board 2005.

Note: In Nunavik, Inuktitut is the language of instruction during the first two years of primary school. In grade 3, instruction is in Inuktitut and a second language. Beginning in grade 4, parents choose French or English as the main language of instruction for their children.

73 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.3.4 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 N

Primary C1 - year 1 77 184 73 130 70 563 69 920 69 940 C1 - year 2 81 035 77 347 72 930 70 908 69 585 C1 - year 3 5 819 5 124 4 852 4 480 4 588 C2 - year 1 84 116 81 324 77 750 72 891 71 018 C2 - year 2 86 142 83 804 80 839 77 330 72 301 C2 - year 3 2 904 2 588 2 714 2 610 2 769 C3 - year 1 88 374 85 607 82 924 79 916 76 212 C3 - year 2 90 378 87 551 84 326 80 906 78 187 C3 - year 3 2 044 1 894 1 874 1 541 1 586 Total primary 517 996 498 369 478 772 460 502 446 186

Secondary year 1 93 207 94 041 — — — year 2 85 002 86 128 86 411 — — year 3 75 839 79 885 81 903 82 585 82 105 year 4 65 968 68 760 72 759 74 510 73 789 year 5 59 051 59 813 62 662 66 223 66 243 C1 - year 1 — — 91 185 82 584 77 941 C1 - year 2 — — — 90 575 81 098 C1 - year 3 — — — — 7 096 Total secondary 379 067 388 627 394 920 396 477 388 272

Total 897 063 886 996 873 692 856 979 834 458

Source: Quebec Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport, Déclaration des clientèles scolaires (DCS), 2008, http://www.mels.gouv.qc.ca/sections/publications/index.asp?page=fiche&id=753 (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 74 Table 6.3.5 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 %

Primary C1 - year 1 8.6 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.4 C1 - year 2 9.0 8.7 8.3 8.3 8.3 C1 - year 3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 C2 - year 1 9.4 9.2 8.9 8.5 8.5 C2 - year 2 9.6 9.4 9.3 9.0 8.7 C2 - year 3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 C3 - year 1 9.9 9.7 9.5 9.3 9.1 C3 - year 2 10.1 9.9 9.7 9.4 9.4 C3 - year 3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Total primary 57.7 56.2 54.8 53.7 53.5

Secondary year 1 10.4 10.6 — — — year 2 9.5 9.7 9.9 — — year 3 8.5 9.0 9.4 9.6 9.8 year 4 7.4 7.8 8.3 8.7 8.8 year 5 6.6 6.7 7.2 7.7 7.9 C1 - year 1 — — 10.4 9.6 9.3 C1 - year 2 — — — 10.6 9.7 C1 - year 3 — — — — 0.9 Total secondary 42.3 43.8 45.2 46.3 46.5

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

75 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.3.6 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, females, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 N

Primary C1 - year 1 37 515 35 678 34 505 33 934 33 913 C1 - year 2 39 657 37 600 35 613 34 696 33 792 C1 - year 3 2 151 1 921 1 809 1 693 1 637 C2 - year 1 41 223 39 820 37 799 35 496 34 803 C2 - year 2 41 864 41 048 39 648 37 748 35 353 C2 - year 3 1 079 950 1 010 1 005 1 043 C3 - year 1 43 221 41 791 40 784 39 272 37 388 C3 - year 2 44 300 43 004 41 340 40 067 38 716 C3 - year 3 803 725 732 611 638 Total primary 251 813 242 537 233 240 224 522 217 283

Secondary year 1 43 437 43 635 — — — year 2 40 816 41 209 41 132 — — year 3 36 797 38 930 39 719 39 631 39 314 year 4 32 659 34 300 36 273 37 067 36 476 year 5 30 580 30 878 32 592 34 299 34 507 C1 - year 1 — — 42 494 38 854 37 096 C1 - year 2 — — — 42 564 38 597 C1 - year 3 — — — — 2 649 Total secondary 184 289 188 952 192 210 192 415 188 639

Total 436 102 431 489 425 450 416 937 405 922

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 76 Table 6.3.7 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, females, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 %

Primary C1 - year 1 8.6 8.3 8.1 8.1 8.4 C1 - year 2 9.1 8.7 8.4 8.3 8.3 C1 - year 3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 C2 - year 1 9.5 9.2 8.9 8.5 8.6 C2 - year 2 9.6 9.5 9.3 9.1 8.7 C2 - year 3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 C3 - year 1 9.9 9.7 9.6 9.4 9.2 C3 - year 2 10.2 10.0 9.7 9.6 9.5 C3 - year 3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 Total primary 57.7 56.2 54.8 53.9 53.5

Secondary year 1 10.0 10.1 — — — year 2 9.4 9.6 9.7 — — year 3 8.4 9.0 9.3 9.5 9.7 year 4 7.5 7.9 8.5 8.9 9.0 year 5 7.0 7.2 7.7 8.2 8.5 C1 - year 1 — — 10.0 9.3 9.1 C1 - year 2 — — — 10.2 9.5 C1 - year 3 — — — — 0.7 Total secondary 42.3 43.8 45.2 46.1 46.5

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

77 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.3.8 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, males, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 N

Primary C1 - year 1 39 669 37 452 36 058 35 986 36 027 C1 - year 2 41 378 39 747 37 317 36 212 35 793 C1 - year 3 3 668 3 203 3 043 2 787 2 951 C2 - year 1 42 893 41 504 39 951 37 395 36 215 C2 - year 2 44 278 42 756 41 191 39 582 36 948 C2 - year 3 1 825 1 638 1 704 1 605 1 726 C3 - year 1 45 153 43 816 42 140 40 644 38 824 C3 - year 2 46 078 44 547 42 986 40 839 39 471 C3 - year 3 1 241 1 169 1 142 930 948 Total primary 266 183 255 832 245 532 235 980 228 903

Secondary year 1 49 770 50 406 — — — year 2 44 186 44 919 45 279 — — year 3 39 042 40 955 42 184 42 954 42 791 year 4 33 309 34 460 36 486 37 443 37 313 year 5 28 471 28 935 30 070 31 924 31 736 C1 - year 1 — — 48 691 43 730 40 845 C1 - year 2 — — — 48 011 42 501 C1 - year 3 — — — — 4 447 Total secondary 194 778 199 675 202 710 204 062 199 633

Total 460 961 455 507 448 242 440 042 428 536

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 78 Table 6.3.9 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, males, all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 %

Primary C1 - year 1 8.6 8.2 8.0 8.2 8.4 C1 - year 2 9.0 8.7 8.3 8.2 8.4 C1 - year 3 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 C2 - year 1 9.3 9.1 8.9 8.5 8.5 C2 - year 2 9.6 9.4 9.2 9.0 8.6 C2 - year 3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 C3 - year 1 9.8 9.6 9.4 9.2 9.1 C3 - year 2 10.0 9.8 9.6 9.3 9.2 C3 - year 3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 Total primary 57.7 56.2 54.8 53.6 53.4

Secondary year 1 10.8 11.1 — — — year 2 9.6 9.9 10.1 — — year 3 8.5 9.0 9.4 9.8 10.0 year 4 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.7 year 5 6.2 6.4 6.7 7.3 7.4 C1 - year 1 — — 10.9 9.9 9.5 C1 - year 2 — — — 10.9 9.9 C1 - year 3 — — — — 1.0 Total secondary 42.3 43.8 45.2 46.4 46.6

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

79 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.3.10 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 N

Nunavik Primary C1 - year 1 257 249 260 261 285 C1 - year 2 226 253 252 254 268 C1 - year 3 21 22 15 11 1 C2 - year 1 264 239 260 240 258 C2 - year 2 266 257 229 248 283 C2 - year 3 135 37 27 40 — C3 - year 1 173 282 267 219 249 C3 - year 2 264 251 286 264 234 C3 - year 3 261 262 261 290 258 Total primary 1 867 1 852 1 857 1 827 1 836

Secondary year 1 332 316 — — — year 2 245 245 239 — — year 3 153 175 180 202 214 year 4 99 93 110 112 141 year 5 60 55 55 57 68 C1 - year 1 — — 307 254 317 C1 - year 2 — — — 323 272 C1 - year 3 — — — — — Total secondary 889 884 891 948 1 012

Total - Nunavik 2 756 2 736 2 748 2 775 2 848

All of Quebec Total - Primary 517 996 498 369 478 772 460 502 446 186 Total - Secondary 379 067 388 627 394 920 396 477 388 272

Total - Quebec 897 063 886 996 873 692 856 979 834 458

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 80 Table 6.3.11 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 %

Nunavik Primary C1 - year 1 9.3 9.1 9.5 9.4 10.0 C1 - year 2 8.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.4 C1 - year 3 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.0 C2 - year 1 9.6 8.7 9.5 8.6 9.1 C2 - year 2 9.7 9.4 8.3 8.9 9.9 C2 - year 3 4.9 1.4 1.0 1.4 0.0 C3 - year 1 6.3 10.3 9.7 7.9 8.7 C3 - year 2 9.6 9.2 10.4 9.5 8.2 C3 - year 3 9.5 9.6 9.5 10.5 9.1 Total primary 67.7 67.7 67.6 65.8 64.5

Secondary year 1 12.0 11.5 — — — year 2 8.9 9.0 8.7 — — year 3 5.6 6.4 6.6 7.3 7.5 year 4 3.6 3.4 4.0 4.0 5.0 year 5 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 C1 - year 1 — — 11.2 9.2 11.1 C1 - year 2 — — — 11.6 9.6 C1 - year 3 — — — — — Total secondary 32.3 32.3 32.4 34.2 35.5

Total - Nunavik 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

All of Quebec Total - Primary 58 56 55 54 53 Total - Secondary 42 44 45 46 47

Total - Quebec 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the number of the study cycle.

81 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Chart 6.3.1 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, primary level, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008

Nunavik All of Quebec

Chart 6.3.2 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, secondary level, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008

Nunavik All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 82 Table 6.3.12 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, females, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 N

Nunavik Primary C1 - year 1 111 116 129 116 135 C1 - year 2 108 110 116 127 120 C1 - year 3 7 3 1 1 1 C2 - year 1 139 120 114 105 127 C2 - year 2 128 138 114 109 124 C2 - year 3 60 11 8 15 — C3 - year 1 90 135 140 107 112 C3 - year 2 122 133 142 142 115 C3 - year 3 127 129 140 154 144 Total primary 892 895 904 876 878

Secondary year 1 168 146 — — — year 2 123 128 103 — — year 3 69 90 99 91 99 year 4 45 58 52 61 70 year 5 33 26 31 30 36 C1 - year 1 — — 147 128 162 C1 - year 2 — — — 154 141 C1 - year 3 — — — — — Total secondary 438 448 432 464 508

Total - Nunavik 1 330 1 343 1 336 1 340 1 386

All of Quebec Total - Primary 251 813 242 537 233 240 224 522 217 283 Total - Secondary 184 289 188 952 192 210 192 415 188 639

Total - Quebec 436 102 431 489 425 450 416 937 405 922

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

83 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.3.13 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, females, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 %

Nunavik Primary C1 - year 1 8.3 8.6 9.7 8.7 9.7 C1 - year 2 8.1 8.2 8.7 9.5 8.7 C1 - year 3 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 C2 - year 1 10.5 8.9 8.5 7.8 9.2 C2 - year 2 9.6 10.3 8.5 8.1 8.9 C2 - year 3 4.5 0.8 0.6 1.1 — C3 - year 1 6.8 10.1 10.5 8.0 8.1 C3 - year 2 9.2 9.9 10.6 10.6 8.3 C3 - year 3 9.5 9.6 10.5 11.5 10.4 Total primary 67.1 66.6 67.7 65.4 63.3

Secondary year 1 12.6 10.9 — — — year 2 9.2 9.5 7.7 — — year 3 5.2 6.7 7.4 6.8 7.1 year 4 3.4 4.3 3.9 4.6 5.1 year 5 2.5 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.6 C1 - year 1 — — 11.0 9.6 11.7 C1 - year 2 — — — 11.5 10.2 C1 - year 3 — — — — — Total secondary 32.9 33.4 32.3 34.6 36.7

Total - Nunavik 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

All of Quebec Total - Primary 57.7 56.2 54.8 53.9 53.5 Total - Secondary 42.3 43.8 45.2 46.1 46.5

Total - Quebec 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 84 Chart 6.3.3 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, primary level, females, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008

Nunavik All of Quebec

Chart 6.3.4 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, secondary level, females, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008

Nunavik All of Quebec

85 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 6.3.14 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, males, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (N) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 N

Nunavik Primary C1 - year 1 146 133 131 145 150 C1 - year 2 118 143 136 127 148 C1 - year 3 14 19 14 10 — C2 - year 1 125 119 146 135 131 C2 - year 2 138 119 115 139 159 C2 - year 3 75 26 19 25 — C3 - year 1 83 147 127 112 137 C3 - year 2 142 118 144 122 119 C3 - year 3 134 133 121 136 114 Total primary 975 957 953 951 958

Secondary year 1 164 170 — — — year 2 122 117 136 — — year 3 84 85 81 111 115 year 4 54 35 58 51 71 year 5 27 29 24 27 32 C1 - year 1 — — 160 126 155 C1 - year 2 — — — 169 131 C1 - year 3 — — — — — Total secondary 451 436 459 484 504

Total - Nunavik 1 426 1 393 1 412 1 435 1 462

All of Quebec Total - Primary 266 183 255 832 245 532 235 980 228 903 Total - Secondary 194 778 199 675 202 710 204 062 199 633

Total - Quebec 460 961 455 507 448 242 440 042 428 536

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 86 Table 6.3.15 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, according to level of education, cycle, and years of school attendance within cycle, males, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%) Level of School enrolment education 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 %

Nunavik Primary C1 - year 1 10.2 9.5 9.3 10.1 10.3 C1 - year 2 8.3 10.3 9.6 8.9 10.1 C1 - year 3 1.0 1.4 1.0 0.7 — C2 - year 1 8.8 8.5 10.3 9.4 9.0 C2 - year 2 9.7 8.5 8.1 9.7 10.9 C2 - year 3 5.3 1.9 1.3 1.7 — C3 - year 1 5.8 10.6 9.0 7.8 9.4 C3 - year 2 10.0 8.5 10.2 8.5 8.1 C3 - year 3 9.4 9.5 8.6 9.5 7.8 Total primary 68.4 68.7 67.5 66.3 65.5

Secondary year 1 11.5 12.2 — — — year 2 8.6 8.4 9.6 — — year 3 5.9 6.1 5.7 7.7 7.9 year 4 3.8 2.5 4.1 3.6 4.9 year 5 1.9 2.1 1.7 1.9 2.2 C1 - year 1 — — 11.3 8.8 10.6 C1 - year 2 — — — 11.8 9.0 C1 - year 3 — — — — — Total secondary 31.6 31.3 32.5 33.7 34.5

Total - Nunavik 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

All of Quebec Total - Primary 58 56 55 54 53 Total - Secondary 42 44 45 46 47

Total - Quebec 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: C1, C2 and C3 refer to the study cycle number.

87 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Chart 6.3.5 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, primary level, males, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008

Nunavik All of Quebec

Chart 6.3.6 Full-time and part-time school enrolments, youth sector, secondary level, males, Kativik School Board and all of Quebec, 2003-2004 to 2007-2008 (%)

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008

Nunavik All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 88 Table 7.1 Per capita personal disposable income, Nunavik, Nunavik residents only and all of Quebec, 1983, 1991, 1998 and 2003 (current $ per capita and %) Regions Per capita personal disposable income Variation 1983 1991 1998 2003 1998-2003 $ per capita %

Nunavik 8 772 14 684 15 048 22 655 50.6 Nunavik residents only 6 904 11 815 17 003 18 973 11.6 All of Quebec 9 687 15 437 17 223 21 325 23.8

Sources: Nunavik: Robichaud, V. (G. Duhaime, ed.), 2007. Economic Portrait of Nunavik 2003. Québec City, Canada Research Chair in Comparative Aboriginal Conditions. Duhaime, G., Fréchette, P. and V. Robichaud, 1998. Social Accounting Matrix for the Nunavik Regional Economy, Québec City, GÉTIC, Uni- versité Laval, 14 pp. Robichaud, V. 1994. La construction d’un modèle calculable d’équilibre général pour le Québec arctique. Québec City, Université Laval (master’s thesis in economics), 83 pp. Duhaime, G. 1991, «Contraintes économiques à l’autonomie politique. Une matrice de comptabilité sociale du Nunavik (Canada),» Canadian Journal of Regional Sciences, 14(1): 93-112. All of Quebec: calculations based on the Institut de la Statistique du Québec, Origin of personal income and personal disposable income, expressed in millions of dollars, Quebec, 1961-2005. Population trends (total population, births, deaths, net migration), Quebec, 1971-2006.

Table 7.2.1 Per capita employment income, Nunavik, Nunavik residents only and all of Quebec, 1983, 1991, 1998 and 2003 ($ per capita and %) Regions Per capita employment income Variation 1983 1991 1998 2003 1998-2003 $ per capita %

Nunavik 8 184 14 793 15 184 22 119 45.7 Nunavik residents only 6 316 11 921 12 481 18 437 48.3 All of Quebec 8 657 13 758 15 907 20 135 26.6

Sources: Nunavik: Robichaud, V. (G. Duhaime, ed.), 2007. Economic Portrait of Nunavik 2003. Québec City, Canada Research Chair in Comparative Aborigi- nalConditions. Duhaime, G., Fréchette, P. and V. Robichaud, 1998. Social Accounting Matrix for the Nunavik Regional Economy, Québec City, GÉTIC, Université Laval, 14 pp. Robichaud, V. 1994. La construction d’un modèle calculable d’équilibre général pour le Québec arctique. Québec City, Université Laval (master’s thesis in economics), 83 pp. Duhaime, G. 1991, «Contraintes économiques à l’autonomie politique. Une matrice de comptabilité sociale du Nunavik (Canada),» Canadian Journal of Regional Sciences, 14(1): 93-112. All of Quebec: calculations based on the Institut de la Statistique du Québec, Origin of personal income and personal disposable income, expressed in millions of dollars, Quebec, 1961-2005. Population trends (total population, births, deaths, net migration), Quebec, 1971-2006.

89 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 7.2.2 Per capita government transfer income, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 1983, 1991, 1998 and 2003 ($ per capita and %) Regions Per capita government transfer income Variation 1983 1991 1998 2003 1998-2003 $ per capita %

Nunavik 1 870 2 022 1 725 3 063 77.6 All of Quebec 1 785 3 035 3 596 4 187 16.5

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 90 Table 7.2.3 Sources of per capita personal income, Nunavik, 1983, 1991, 1998, 2003 and 2010 (%) Years Sources of personal income Employment Investment Government Total income income transfers %

2010 81.6 4.4 13.9 100.0 2003 82.2 6.4 11.4 100.0 1998 86.7 4.2 9.1 100.0 1991 84.5 4.0 11.5 100.0 1983 79.1 2.8 18.1 100.0

Sources: Robichaud, V. (G. Duhaime, ed.), 2007. Economic Portrait of Nunavik 2003. Québec City, Canada Research Chair in Comparative aboriginal Conditions. Duhaime, G., Fréchette, P. and V. Robichaud, 1998. Social Accounting Matrix for the Nunavik Regional Economy, Québec, GÉTIC, Université Laval, 14 p. Robichaud, V. 1994. La construction d’un modèle calculable d’équilibre général pour le Québec arctique. Québec City, Université Laval (master’s thesis in economics), 83 pp. Duhaime, G. 1991, «Contraintes économiques à l’autonomie politique. Une matrice de comptabilité sociale du Nunavik (Canada), Cana- dian Journal of Regional Sciences, 14(1): 93-112.

Chart 7.2.3 Sources of per capita personal income, Nunavik, 1983, 1991, 1998, 2003 and 2010 (%)

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1983 1991 1998 2003 2010

Employment income Investment income Government transfers

91 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 7.2.4 Composition of total income for the population aged 15 years and over, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2010 (%) Composition of total income for Sources the population aged 15 years and over Nunavik Nord-du- All of Québec Quebec %

Market income 86.1 83.2 85.0 Employment income 81.6 77.8 71.7 Wages and salaries 80.9 75.7 66.8 Self-employment income 0.8 2.2 4.9 Investment income 0.3 1.8 4.1 Retirement pensions and annuities 1.0 1.9 7.6 Other cash income 3.1 1.7 1.6

Government transfers 13.9 16.8 15.0 QPP or CPP benefits 1.2 1.9 3.9 OAS and GIS benefits 0.9 2.4 3.8 Unemployment insurance benefits 2.3 2.4 2.4 Child benefits 6.3 5.6 2.2 Other income from government sources 3.1 4.6 2.7

Sources: Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, authors’ compilation based on the CO-1437 semi-personalized profile for Nunavik. Ottawa. Nord-du-Québec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Nord-du-Québec, CDR, Quebec (Code 2499) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 National Household Survey, catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index. cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013). All of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Quebec (Code 24) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 National Household Survey, catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/ dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 92 Table 7.3.1 Median and average income after tax, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 ($ et N) Income type Nunavik All of Quebec $

Average household income 71 497 55 121 Median household income 64 398 45 968 Average individual income 29 814 30 268 Median individual income 23 646 25 595

Average number of family members 4.6 2.9

Source: Statistique Canada, Enquête nationale auprès des ménages de 2011, compilation des auteurs à partir de CO-1437 Profil semi-personnalisé pour la région Nunavik. Ottawa.

Chart 7.3.1 Median and average income after tax, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (%)

Median individual income

Average individual income

Median household income

Average household income

0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000 70 000 80 000 $

All of Quebec Nunavik

93 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 7.3.2 Median and average income after tax, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2010 ($) Income type Inuit Non-Inuit $

Average income before tax 29 577 72 892 Median income before tax 20 826 71 627 Average income after tax 25 445 56 695 Median income after tax 20 150 56 889

Source: Statistique Canada, Enquête nationale auprès des ménages de 2011, compilation des auteurs à partir de CO-1437 Profil semi-personnalisé pour la région Nunavik. Ottawa.

Chart 7.3.2 Median and average income after tax, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2010 (%)

Median individual income

Average individual income

Median household income

Average household income

0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000 70 000 80 000 $

Non-Inuit Inuit

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 94 Table 7.4.1 Total income of private households before tax and average number of family members, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (% and N) Income group Nunavik All of Quebec %

Under $20 000 8.4 16.4 $20 000 - $39 999 14.1 21.7 $40 000 - $59 999 16.2 19.0 $60 000 - $79 999 15.4 14.2 $80 000 - $99 999 12.7 10.1 $100 000 and over 33.2 18.5

Average number of family members 4.6 2.9

Source: Statistique Canada, Enquête nationale auprès des ménages de 2011, compilation des auteurs à partir de CO-1437 Profil semi-personnalisé pour la région Nunavik. Ottawa.

Table 7.4.2 Total income of private households after tax and average number of family members, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (% and N) Income group Nunavik All of Quebec %

Under $20 000 8.6 17.0 $20 000 - $39 999 15.9 25.6 $40 000 - $59 999 20.1 22.3 $60 000 - $79 999 19.9 15.2 $80 000 - $99 999 13.7 9.1 $100 000 and over 21.8 10.9

Average number of family members 4.6 2.9

Source: Statistique Canada, Enquête nationale auprès des ménages de 2011, compilation des auteurs à partir de CO-1437 Profil semi-personnalisé pour la région Nunavik. Ottawa.

95 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 7.5.1 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (%) Income decile Nunavik All of Quebec %

In top decile 5.2 5.6 In ninth decile 7.3 7.1 In eighth decile 8.1 8.7 In seventh decile 9.4 10.1 In sixth decile 10.1 10.8 In top half of the Canadian distribution 40.0 42.3 In the fifth decile 13.0 11.6 In the fourth decile 13.5 12.1 In the third decile 12.7 12.1 In the second decile 13.3 11.5 In the bottom decile 7.5 10.4 In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 60.1 57.7

Source: Statistique Canada, Enquête nationale auprès des ménages de 2011, compilation des auteurs à partir de CO-1437 Profil semi-personnalisé pour la région Nunavik. Ottawa.

Chart 7.5.1 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2010 (%)

In top decile In ninth decile In eighth decile In seventh decile In sixth decile In fifth decile In fourth decile In third decile In second decile In bottom decile

15 10 5 5 10 15

Nunavik All of Quebec %

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 96 Table 7.5.2 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2010 (%) Income deciles Inuit Non-Inuit %

In top decile 2.4 30.1 In ninth decile 5.6 22.9 In eighth decile 7.3 14.4 In seventh decile 9.4 9.7 In sixth decile 10.7 3.8 In top half of the Canadian distribution 35.4 80.5 In the fifth decile 13.8 5.5 In the fourth decile 14.4 5.5 In the third decile 13.9 2.5 In the second decile 14.3 3.8 In the bottom decile 8.1 1.7 In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 64.5 19.1

Source: Statistique Canada, Enquête nationale auprès des ménages de 2011, compilation des auteurs à partir de CO-1567 Profil semi-personnalisé pour la région Nunavik. Ottawa.

Chart 7.5.2 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income, Inuit and non-Inuit population, Nunavik, 2010 (%)

In top decile In ninth decile In eighth decile In seventh decile In sixth decile In fifth decile In fourth decile In third decile In second decile In bottom decile

35 25 15 5 5 15 25 35

Nunavik Non-Inuit %

97 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 7.6 Low income cut-off (LICO) and low income rate (LIR) after tax, Inuit Nunangat and regions, 2006 ($, %) Regions LICO LIR $ %

Inuit Nunangat 22 216 44.1 Inuvialuit 27 484 45.5 Nunatsiavut 15 414 24.7 Nunavik 22 943 37.5 Nunavut 24 479 47.7

Source : Duhaime, G. et R. Édouard, 2012. Low Income Measures and Rates in Inuit Nunangat, Research Note, Canada Research Chair on Comparative Aboriginal Condition, Université Laval, Québec, 21 p.

Note : Quebec Pension Plan; Canada Pension Plan; Old Age Security; Guaranteed Income Supplement

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 98 Table 8.1.1 Differences in average prices of food products, personal care products and household products, Schefferville, Nunavik and Quebec City, 2011 (Quebec=100) Regions Food Personal care Household products products products Quebec=100

Nunavik 181 186 204 Schefferville 161 186 200 Quebec City 100 100 100

Source: Duhaime, G. and A. Caron, 2012. Nunavik Comparative Price Index 2011, Québec City, Université Laval (Canada Research Chair in Comparative Aborigi- nal Conditions), 44 p. Duhaime, G. and J. Grenier. Coût de la vie dans la région de Schefferville, Québec City, Université Laval (Canada Research Chair in Comparative Aboriginal Conditions), 64 p.

Chart 8.1.1 Differences in average prices of food products, personal care products, and household products, Schefferville, Nunavik and Quebec City, 2011 (Quebec=100)

250

200

150

100

0 Food products Personal care products Household products

Nunavik Schefferville All of Quebec

99 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 8.1.2 Differences in consumer prices between Nunavik and Quebec, April 2011, 2012 and 2013 (Quebec=100) Products 2011 2012 2013 Quebec = 100

Food products 152 159 157 Household products 206 204 203 Personal care products 155 166 150

Source : Calculs dérivés de : Duhaime G. et A. Caron, 2013. Suivi des prix à la consommation au Nunavik 2011-2013, Nunivaat Research Program, Chaire de recherche du Canada sur la condition autochtone comparée, Université Laval, Tableau A-3.

Table 8.2 Cost of Northern Food Basket, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Nunavik, Newfoundland and Labrador, 2011, 2012, 2013 ($) Regions 2011 2012 2013 March March June September December March $

Yukon 437.62 402.93 406.04 402.19 408.52 411.60 Northwest Territories 460.57 421.40 422.77 420.58 418.53 422.59 Nunavut 471.72 436.85 439.15 429.37 436.65 438.00 Nunavik 396.70 365.69 367.09 366.26 374.79 377.17 Newfoundland and 334.54 324.82 336.60 333.06 334.43 345.06 Labrador

Source: Nutrition Nord Canada. Coût du Panier de provisions nordique révisé en 2012-2013. http://www.nutritionnorthcanada.gc.ca/ fra/1369313792863/1369313809684 (site consulté le 3 juillet 2014).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 100 Table 9.1 Private dwellings by tenure, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (N and %) Regions Renter Owner Band housing N % N % N %

Nunavik 3 050 97.0 90 2.9 0 0.0 Nord-du-Québec 5 295 41.0 4 890 37.8 2 740 21.2 All of Quebec 1 311 200 38.6 2 077 640 61.2 6 380 0.2

Chart 9.1 Private dwellings by tenure, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Renter Owner Band housing

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All Of Quebec

101 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 9.2.1 Dwellings requiring major repairs, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%) Regions Dwelling requiring major repairs 2001 2006 2011 %

Nunavik 23.1 35.2 31.4 Nord-du-Québec 17.1 21.5 21.4 All of Quebec 7.8 7.7 7.2

Sources: Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, authors’ compilation based on the CO-1437 semi-personalized profile for Nunavik. Ottawa. 2006: Statistics Canada. 2007. Community Profiles, 2006, 2006 Census of Population, catalogue no 92-591-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on March 13, 2007. 2001: Statistics Canada. 2002. Thematic tables, 2001 Census of Population, catalogue no 95F0325XCB2001006, Statistics Canada. 1996: Statistics Canada. 1997. Electronic Area Profiles. 1996 Census of Population, catalogue no. 4F0048XWF, Statistics Canada. Nord-du-Québec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Nord-du-Québec, CDR, Quebec (Code 2499) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 National Household Survey, catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013). All of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Quebec (Code 24) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 National Household Survey, catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013).

Chart 9.2.1 Dwellings requiring major repairs, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%)

0 2001 2006 2011

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 102 Table 9.2.2 People living in dwellings requiring major repairs, Nunavik, other Inuit regions and all of Quebec, 1996 and 2006 (%) Regions People living in dwellings requiring major repairs Inuit population Non-Aboriginal population 1996 2006 1996 2006 %

Nunavik 8 46 12 16 Nunatsiavut 41 34 23 16 Nunavut 21 26 17 13 Inuvialuit 23 28 15 16 All of Quebec n.a. 42 n.a. 8

Source: Régions inuit: Statistique Canada, 2008, Peuples autochtones du Canada en 2006 : Inuits, Métis et Premières nations, Recensement de 2006, No 97-558-XIF au catalogue, p. 27. Québec: Statistique Canada, Recensement de la population de 2006, Produit no 97-558-XCB2006023 au catalogue de Statistique Canada.

103 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 9.3.1 Total number of private households according to housing suitability, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%) Total number of private households according to Regions housing suitability Suitable Not suitable %

Nunavik 66.1 33.9 Nord-du-Québec 83.6 16.4 All of Quebec 95.2 4.8

Sources: Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, authors’ compilation based on CO-1437 semi-personalized profile for Nunavik, Ot- tawa. Nord-du-Québec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Nord-du-Québec, CDR, Quebec (Code 2499) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 National Household Survey, catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index. cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013). All of Quebec: Statistics Canada. 2013. Quebec (Code 24) (Table). Census Profile, 2011 National Household Survey, catalogue no. 99-004-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on September 11, 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/ dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F (last retrieved on November 14, 2013).

Note: Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household.

Chart 9.3.1 Total number of private households according to housing suitability, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2011 (%)

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Suitable Unsuitable

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 104 Table 9.3.2 Crowded dwellings, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%) Regions Crowded dwellings 1996 2001 2006 2011 %

Nunavik 24.1 30.4 26.6 26.1 Nord-du-Québec n.a. 23.7 10.2 11.9 All of Quebec 0.9 5.7 1.0 1.3

Sources: Nunavik, 2011: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, authors’ compilation based on CO-1437 semi-personalized profile for Nunavik, Ottawa. 1996: Statistics Canada, Statistics on Families and Dwellings, Community Profile. 2001: Statistics Canada. 2002. 2001 Aboriginal Population Profiles. Released on June 17, 2003. Updated on: 2005-11-30. Catalogue no. 94F0043XIF, Statistics Canada. 2006: Statistics Canada. 2007. Nord-du-Québec, all of Quebec (Table). 2006 Community Profiles, 2006 Census, catalogue no. 92-591-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released on March 13, 2007.

Notes: "Crowding" is defined as a circumstance in which there is more than one person per room living in a dwelling (not including bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes). (Statistics Canada, 2008). Data for 2001 refer only to the dwellings occupied by the Aboriginal population of Nunavik, and Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec.

Chart 9.3.2 Crowded dwellings, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (%)

0 1996 2001 2006 2011

Nunavik All of Quebec

105 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 9.3.3 Number of persons living in crowded dwellings, Nunavik, other Inuit regions and all of Quebec, 1996 and 2006 (%) Regions Number of persons living in crowded dwellings Non-Aboriginal Inuit population population 1996 2006 1996 2006 %

Nunavik 47 49 6 7 Nunatsiavut 37 13 12 0 Nunavut 43 39 5 5 Inuvialuit 31 19 6 4 All of Quebec n.a. 43 n.a. 2

Source: Inuit regions: Statistics Canada, 2008, Aboriginal Peoples in Canada in 2006: Inuit, Métis and First Nations, 2006 Census, catalogue no. 97-558-XIF, Statistics Canada, p. 26. All of Quebec: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, catalogue no. 97-558-XCB2006023, Statistics Canada.

Note: "Crowding" is defined as a circumstance in which there is more than one person per room living in a dwelling (not including bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes). (Statistics Canada, 2008).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 106 Table 9.4.1 Population distribution according to drinking water supply source, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (%) Regions Drinking water supply Surface Ground Mixed water Unknown water water %

Nunavik 81.5 5.6 0.0 12.9 Nord-du-Québec 96.1 3.7 0.0 0.2 All of Quebec 71.3 13.0 3.3 12.4

Source: Portrait socioéconomique des régions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec City, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation, p.148. http://www. mdeie.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/portraits_regionaux/portrait_socio_econo.pdf (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Chart 9.4.1 Population distribution according to drinking water supply source, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (%)

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Surface water Ground water Mixed water Unknown

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

107 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 9.4.2 Population distribution according to drinking water treatment method, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (%) Regions Drinking water treatment method No Chlorination Treatment in Advanced Not treatment only or oxidation compliance treatment available %

Nunavik 0.0 93.9 6.1 0.0 0.0 Nord-du-Québec 0.0 64.7 32.4 2.9 0.0 All of Quebec 0.0 7.4 18.9 73.6 0.0

Source: Portrait socioéconomique des Regions du Québec, Édition 2011. Québec City, Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation, p.148. http://www. mdeie.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents_soutien/regions/portraits_regionaux/portrait_socio_econo.pdf (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Chart 9.4.2 Population distribution according to drinking water treatment method, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (%)

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 No treatment Chlorination only Treatment in Advanced Not available or oxidation compliance treatment

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 108 Table 10.1 Available childcare spaces for children under the age of 5, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 1998, 2002-2007 (Rate per 100 children aged 0-4 years) Regions Available spaces 1998 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Rate

Nunavik 11.5 53.6 58.6 60.5 67.7 66.5 66.2 Nord-du-Québec n.a. 37.6 55.4 58.9 53.8 60.5 63.9 All of Quebec 13.5 39.3 44.8 48.7 51.9 53.8 54.4

Sources: 1998: Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2006: les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Government of Quebec, 659 p. 2002-2007: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Available childcare spaces, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUE- B&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Note: In INSPQ (2006) and Éco Santé (2011), the Nord-du-Québec region refers to the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Chart 10.1 Available childcare spaces for children under the age of 5, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004-2007 (Rate per 100 children aged 0-4 years)

0 2004 2005 2006 2007

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

109 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 10.2.1 General practitioners, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2011 (N) Regions General practitioners 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 N

Nunavik 35 41 44 39 38 34 44 Nord-du-Québec 36 37 36 36 36 38 38 All of Quebec 7 745 7 811 7 801 7 906 8 029 8 176 8 342

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Médecins en groupe de médecine de famille (GMF), Omnipraticiens. http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Note: In Éco Santé (2011), the Nord-du-Québec region refers to the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 110 Table 10.2.2 General practitioners, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2011 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions General practitioners 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Rate

Nunavik 32.4 37.4 39.4 34.4 33.0 29.0 37.1 Nord-du-Québec 23.5 24.7 24.1 24.4 24.7 26.4 26.8 All of Quebec 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5

Chart 10.2.2 General practitioners, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2008-2011 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

0 2008 2009 2010 2011

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

111 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 10.2.3 Full-time equivalent nurses, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (N) Regions Full-time equivalent nurses 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 N

Nunavik 131 132 131 142 151 140 Nord-du-Québec 124 135 131 127 125 120 All of Quebec 43 412 43 733 43 723 43 559 43 452 43 397

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Équipe de soins infirmiers, Infirmières, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 112 Table 10.2.4 Full-time equivalent nurses, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Full-time equivalent nurses 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Rate

Nunavik 121.3 120.5 117.4 125.2 130.9 119.6 Nord-du-Québec 80.9 90.1 87.7 86.1 85.9 83.5 All of Quebec 57.3 57.3 56.9 56.2 55.6 55.1

Source : Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Équipe de soins infirmiers, Infirmières, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid=(site consulté le 25 février 2013).

Chart 10.2.4 Full-time equivalent nurses, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2007-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

140

120

100

0 2007 2008 2009 2010

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

113 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 10.2.5 Full-time equivalent nursing assistants, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (N) Regions Full-time equivalent nursing assistants 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 N

Nunavik 1 1 2 3 5 7 Nord-du-Québec 26 25 28 29 29 30 All of Quebec 10 970 11 163 11 618 12 367 13 155 13 626

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Équipe de soins infirmiers, Infirmières auxiliaires, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&-sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013). Note: In Éco Santé (2011), the Nord-du-Québec region refers to the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 114 Table 10.2.6 Full-time equivalent nursing assistants, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Full-time equivalent nursing assistants 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Rate

Nunavik 0.9 0.9 1.8 2.6 4.3 6.0 Nord-du-Québec 17.0 16.7 18.7 19.7 19.9 20.9 All of Quebec 14.5 14.6 15.1 16 16.8 17.3

Chart 10.2.6 Full-time equivalent nursing assistants, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2007-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

0 2007 2008 2009 2010

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

115 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 10.2.7 Full-time equivalent orderlies, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (N) Regions Full-time equivalent orderlies 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 N

Nunavik 94 94 95 91 95 94 Nord-du-Québec 17 23 22 29 30 29 All of Quebec 27 149 27 546 28 279 29 033 29 785 30 267

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Équipe de soins infirmiers, Préposées aux bénéficiaires, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 116 Table 10.2.8 Full-time equivalent orderlies, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Full-time equivalent orderlies 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Rate

Nunavik 87 85.8 85.2 80.2 82.4 80.3 Nord-du-Québec 11.1 15.3 14.7 19.7 20.6 20.2 All of Quebec 35.8 36.1 36.8 37.5 38.1 38.4

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Équipe de soins infirmiers, Préposées aux bénéficiaires, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&- sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Chart 10.2.8 Full-time equivalent orderlies, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2007-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2007 2008 2009 2010

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

117 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 10.2.9 Individuals aged 15 years and older providing unpaid help or care to elderly people, Nunavik, Nord-du- Québec and all of Quebec, 1996, 2001 and 2006 (%) Regions Individuals aged 15 years and older providing unpaid help or care to elderly people 1996 2001 2006 Variation from 1996 to 2006 %

Nunavik 26.4 29.2 26.3 0.0 Nord-du-Québec 27.2 25.0 21.1 -0.2 All of Quebec 16.2 17.7 18.6 0.1

Sources: 1996 and 2001: Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses régions 2006: les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Government of Quebec, 659 p. 2006: Statistics Canada. 2007. 2006 Community Profiles, 2006 Census of Population, catalogue no. 92-591-XWF, Statistics Canada. Ottawa. Released March 13, 2007

Note: At INSPQ (2006), the Nord-du-Québec region refers to the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Table 10.2.10 Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (N) Regions Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 N

Nunavik 226 227 228 236 251 241 Nord-du-Québec 167 183 181 185 184 178 All of Quebec 81 532 82 441 83 621 84 959 86 392 87 290

Notes: Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare includes nurses, nurse technicians, nurse clinicians, licensed practical nurses and orderlies. At Éco-Santé (2011) the Nord-du-Québec region refers to the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 118 Table 10.2.11 Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Rate

Nunavik 209.2 207.3 204.4 208.0 217.6 205.8 Nord-du-Québec 108.9 122.1 121.1 125.5 126.4 123.8 All of Quebec 107.5 108.0 108.8 109.6 110.6 110.8

Chart 10.2.11 Total full-time equivalent personnel providing direct healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2007-2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

250

200

150

100

0 2007 2008 2009 2010

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

119 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 10.3.1 Available inpatient beds in short-term healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2004, 2006-2007, 2010 (N) Regions Inpatient beds 2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2010 N

Nunavik 32 40 17 15 15 13 Nord-du-Québec 38 38 38 38 34 37 All of Quebec 14 737 14 885 14 946 14 745 14 724 15 034

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Lits dressés et places dans les établissements, Soins physiques de courte durée, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUE- B&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Note: At Éco-Santé (2011) the Nord-du-Québec region refers to the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 120 Table 10.3.2 Available inpatient beds in short-term healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2004, 2006-2007, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Inpatient beds 2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2010 Rate

Nunavik 31.7 38.8 16.1 13.7 13.4 11.1 Nord-du-Québec 23.4 23.8 24.3 25.4 22.8 25.7 All of Quebec 19.8 19.9 19.8 19.3 19.2 19.1

Chart 10.3.2 Available inpatient beds in short-term healthcare, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

0 2004 2006 2007 2010

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

121 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 10.3.3 Available inpatient beds in residential and long-term care, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2007, 2010 (N) Regions Inpatient beds 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2010 N

Nunavik 18 10 25 25 10 10 12 Nord-du-Québec 32 32 32 32 32 36 33 All of Quebec 41 602 41 687 41 467 41 470 41 211 40 652 39 711

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Lits dressés et places dans les établissements, Hébergement et soins de longue durée, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2. php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Note: At Éco-Santé (2011), the Nord-du-Québec region refers to the socio-sanitary region. As such, the socio-sanitary region is different from the administrative region known as Nord-du-Québec, which encompasses Nunavik, Terres-Cris-de-la-Baie-James (Eeyou Istchee) and Jamésie.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 122 Tableau 10.3.4 Available inpatient beds in residential and long-term care, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2002-2007, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Inpatient beds 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2010 Rate

Nunavik 17.8 9.7 23.7 23.1 9.1 9.0 10.2 Nord-du-Québec 19.7 20.1 20.5 20.9 21.4 24.1 23.0 All of Quebec 55.9 55.7 55.0 54.7 54.0 52.9 50.4

Chart 10.3.4 Available inpatient beds in residential and long-term care, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2005-2007, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

0 2005 2006 2007 2010

Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec

123 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 11.1.1 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004 (Average annual incidence over 5-year period) Notifiable infectious diseases Nunavik Nord-du-Québec All of Quebec N

Whooping cough 1 2 740 Meningococcal infection 0 0 68 B-type influenza 0 0 9 Mumps 0 0 9 Measles 0 0 8 Rubella 0 0 2 Chlamydia 306 27 11 026 Hepatitis C 3 3 2 823 Gonococcal infection 30 1 819 Syphillis 0 2 94 Acute hepatitis B 0 1 107 Campylobacter enteritis 4 4 2 484 Salmonellosis 1 2 1 087 Giardiasis 6 1 932 Amebiasis 0 0 212 Escherichia Coli 0 1 286 Shigellosis 48 0 265 Hepatitis A 0 0 104 Yersinia enterocolitica 1 1 129 Streptococcus pneumoniae 9 1 860 Tuberculosis 5 0 269

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Incidence des maladies à déclaration obligatoire, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&-sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 124 Table 11.1.2 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2004 (Gross average annual rate over 5-year period per 10,000 inhabitants) Notifiable infectious diseases Nunavik Nord-du- All of Québec Quebec Rate

Chlamydia 306.35 16.31 14.81 Hepatitis C 2.80 2.09 3.79 Gonococcal infection 29.62 n.a. 1.10 Campylobacter enteritis 4.40 2.21 3.34 Giardiasis 5.60 n.a. 1.25 Shigellosis 48.02 n.a. 0.36 Streptococcus pneumoniae 9.41 n.a. 1.16 Tuberculosis 5.20 n.a. 0.36

Chart 11.1.2 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2004 (Gross average annual rate over 5-year period per 10,000 inhabitants)

Tuberculosis

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Shigellosis

Giardiasis

Campylobacter enteritis

Gonococcal infection

Hepatitis C

Chlamydia

1 10 100 1000

All of Quebec Nunavik

125 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 11.1.3 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (Average annual incidence over 5-year period) Notifiable infectious diseases Nunavik Nord-du- All of Québec Quebec N

Whooping cough 0 1 490 Meningococcal infection 0 0 73 B-type influenza 0 0 10 Mumps 0 0 9 Measles 0 0 21 Rubella 0 0 1 Chlamydia 252 26 12 339 Hepatitis C 0 1 1 846 Gonococcal infection 85 0 982 Syphillis 0 0 272 Acute hepatitis B 0 0 38 Campylobacter Enteritis 1 2 2 073 Salmonellosis 2 2 970 Giardiasis 4 2 842 Amebiasis 0 0 217 Escherichia Coli 0 1 130 Shigellosis 0 0 170 Hepatitis A 0 0 81 Yersinia enterocolitica 0 0 113 Streptococcus pneumoniae 4 1 737 Tuberculosis 11 0 211

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 126 Table 11.1.4 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2009 (Gross average annual rate over 5-year period per 10,000 inhabitants) Notifiable infectious diseases Nunavik Nord-du- All of Québec Quebec Rate

Chlamydia 237.78 17.62 16.16 Gonococcal infection 80.26 n.a. 1.29 Salmonellosis 1.70 1.37 1.27 Giardiasis 3.96 1.23 1.10 Streptococcus pneumoniae 3.39 n.a. 0.97 Tuberculosis 10.55 n.a. 0.28

Chart 11.1.4 Notifiable infectious diseases, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2009 (Gross average annual rate over 5-year period per 10,000 inhabitants)

Tuberculosis

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Giardiasis

Salmonellosis

Gonococcal infection

Chlamydia

1 10 100 1000

All of Quebec Nunavik

127 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 11.2.1 Short-stay hospitalizations and day surgeries according to main diagnosis, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Diagnosis Nunavik Nord-du- All of Québec Quebec Rate

Tumors 44 76 74 Circulatory diseases 95 143 113 Respiratory diseases 399 149 79 Digestive diseases 248 97 77 Genitourinary diseases 67 62 42 Traumatic injuries and poisonings 225 88 61 All diagnoses 2 253 1 274 914

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2010, Hospitalisations, selon diagnostic, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Chart 11.2.1 Short-stay hospitalizations and day surgeries according to main diagnosis, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2010 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

Traumatic injuries and poisonings

Genitourinary diseases

Digestive diseases

Respiratory diseases

Circulatory diseases

Tumors

1 10 100 1000

All of Quebec Nord-du-Québec Nunavik

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 128 Table 11.2.2 Short-stay hospitalizations and day surgeries according to main diagnosis, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006-2010 (Average annual rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Diagnosis Nunavik Nord-du- All of Québec Quebec Rate

Tumors 35 87 74 Circulatory diseases 84 151 118 Respiratory diseases 377 136 78 Digestive diseases 260 93 80 Genitourinary diseases 78 62 41 Traumatic injuries and poisonings 259 82 61 All diagnoses 2 331 1 258 919

Source: Éco-Santé Québec 2010, Hospitalisations, selon diagnostic, http://www.ecosante.fr/index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Chart 11.2.2 Short-stay hospitalizations and day surgeries according to main diagnosis, Nunavik, Nord-du-Québec and all of Quebec, 2006-2010 (Average annual rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

Traumatic injuries and poisonings

Genitourinary diseases

Digestive diseases

Respiratory diseases

Circulatory diseases

Tumors

1 10 100 1000

All of Quebec Nord-du-Québec Nunavik

129 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 11.3.1 Tobacco use, population aged 15 years and over, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2003 and 2004 (%) Regions Tobacco use Daily Occasional Non-smoker %

Nunavik (2004) 70.1 6.4 23.5 All of Quebec (2003) 21.6 5.3 73.1

Source: Nunavik Inuit Health Survey 2004, Qanuippitaa? How Are We? Québec City: Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ) & Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services (NRBHSS).

Table 11.3.2 Frequency of heavy drinking episodes over the past year, population aged 15 years and over, Nunavik and Quebec, 2003 an 2004 (%) Regions Heavy drinking episodes Never Less than once One to three Once per week a month times per month or more %

Nunavik (2004) 11.3 21.3 43.3 24.2 All of Quebec (2003) 53.9 25.6 13.0 7.5

Note: A heavy drinking episode refers to five or more drinks on a single occasion.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 130 Table 12.1 Police interventions by category, Nunavik, 2007-2013 (N and %) Police interventions by category 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 %

Criminal incidents 93.7 54.8 56.7 59.7 62.4 58.0 68.5 Assaults 24.4 15.8 15.8 14.6 13.2 13.4 19.1 Assaults linked to alcohol n.a. n.a. 11.1 10.3 9.3 9.1 14.2 Other n.a. n.a. 4.6 4.3 4.0 4.3 4.9 Sexual assaults 1.9 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.6 Sexual assaults linked to alcohol n.a. n.a. 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 Other n.a. n.a. 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.8 Impaired Driving 3.2 3.5 4.2 4.1 4.3 3.7 4.4 Other criminal acts 64.3 34.3 35.3 39.7 43.7 31.0 43.4

Non-criminal and assistance files 6.3 45.2 43.3 40.3 37.6 39.1 31.5

Total police interventions 7 833 15 987 17 958 22 484 22 858 23 101 18 868

Source: Nunavik, Kativik Regional Police Force, données compilées dans Nunivaat (tableau 2010-06-08-01). http://www.nunivaat.org/Table.aspx/Indicator/Secu- rity/2010-06-08-01/12682 (site consulté le 3 juillet 2014).

131 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015 Table 12.2 Crimes against persons, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2000-2003 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Crimes against persons 2000 2001 2002 2003 Rate

Nunavik 381.0 445.1 486.2 231.4 All of Quebec 98.5 99.0 98.2 98.4

Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses Regions 2006: les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Government of Quebec, 659 p.

Note: Data for 2003 are provisional.

Nunavik in Figures 2015 – Full Version 132 Table 12.3 Conjugal violence victimization, women, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2002-2006 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants) Regions Victimization 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Rate

Nunavik 445.8 271.9 265.4 324.9 312.7 All of Quebec 43.1 42.3 42.0 43.5 44.0

Sources: 2002: Institut national de santé publique du Québec in collaboration with the Quebec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec and the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Portrait de santé du Québec et de ses Regions 2006: les statistiques – Deuxième rapport national sur l’état de santé de la population du Québec, Government of Quebec, 659 p. 2003-2006: Éco-Santé Québec 2011, Femmes victimes de violence conjugale, http://www.ecosante.fr/ index2.php?base=QUEB&langh=FRA&langs=FRA&sessionid= (last retrieved on February 25, 2013).

Note: Data for 2003 are provisional.

Chart 12.3 Conjugal violence victimization, women, Nunavik and all of Quebec, 2003-2006 (Rate per 10,000 inhabitants)

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2003 2004 2005 2006

Nunavik All of Quebec

133 Gérard Duhaime, Sébastien Lévesque and Andrée Caron, 2015