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World Bank Document IPP-115 v4 World Bank and British Government Co-financed Public Disclosure Authorized China Poor Rural Community Development (PRCDP) Public Disclosure Authorized Rongan County Minority Development Program Public Disclosure Authorized PRCDP Project Office of Rongan County, Guangxi Region CCCC at Sun Yat-sen University Public Disclosure Authorized August 2004 1 CONTENTS I. POPULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF NATIONALITIES IN PROJECT AREAS·························· 3 II. History and Culture of Minorities in Project Areas···················································· 5 III. Economy and Means of Livelihood of Minorities in Project Areas ························ 7 IV. Social Organizations of Minorities in Project Areas ·············································· 8 V. Relations between Nationalities in Project Areas······················································· 9 I. POOR SITUATION OF MINORITIES IN PROJECT AREAS AND CAUSE ANALYSIS·················· 10 (I) Poor Situation of Minorities in Project Areas ······················································ 10 (II) ANALYSIS OF CAUSES OF POVERTY OF MINORITIES················································· 11 VII. MDP FORMULATION BASED ON COUNTY ································································ 13 CHAPTER 2. MINORITIES AND PROJECT IN RONGAN COUNTY·························· 13 I. POSITIVE IMPACTS ············································································································ 13 1. Impacts on local living standard ·············································································· 13 II. NEGATIVE IMPACTS AND RELEVANT SUGGESTIONS ························································ 15 1. Project execution may impact minority cultures in the region ································· 15 III. SUGGESTIONS FROM MINORITIES VILLAGERS······························································· 16 CHAPTER 3. LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND IDEAS FOR FORMULATION OF MINORITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM········································································· 17 (I) CONSTITUTION OF PRC AND LAW OF REGIONAL NATIONAL AUTONOMY OF PRC ·· 17 (II) MINORITY REGULATIONS/ORDINANCES AT AUTONOMOUS REGION, AUTONOMOUS COUNTY AND MINORITY XIANG LEVELS············································································· 18 II. GENERAL IDEAS FOR FORMULATION OF RONGAN MINORITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM ············································································································································· 19 CHAPTER 4. PARTICIPATION OF MINORITY VILLAGERS IN THE PROJECT·· 20 SECTION 1. PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ANALYSIS AND PARTICIPATORY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN ··········································································································· 20 SECTION 2. EXECUTION, SUPERVISION AND EVALUATION OF PARTICIPATORY PROJECT ····· 22 CHAPTER 5. 2005 PROJECT EXECUTION PLAN AND BUDGET ······························ 23 I. FORMATION OF PROJECT PLANNING FOR MINORITY VILLAGES··································· 23 II. YEAR 1 PROJECT EXECUTIVE PLAN AND BUDGET FOR MINORITY VILLAGES ················ 24 CHAPTER 6. BUDGET SUPERVISION AND EVALUATION········································· 26 II. EVALUATION MECHANISM···························································································· 27 2 The World Bank and British Department for International Development stress the importance of the minorities’ present situation of their equal benefits for the project’s execution, as well as the importance of joint development of multiple nationalities, and propose that a key index of result evaluation is the substantial development of the nationalities (especially minorities) in the project areas by participating in the project. Based on the above consideration and the requirements of the World Bank and British Department for International Development, the Foreign-funded Project Management Center at the National Poverty-relief Office entrusted the CCCC at Sun Yat-sen University to formulate the minority development programs (MDP) along with the 6 non-minority autonomous counties involved in the China Poor Rural Community Integrated Development Project (PRCDP). Rongan County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is one of the 6 non-minority autonomous counties. As required by World Bank policy OD4.20, the Rongan Minority Development Program for PRCDP was made out based on the information of the distribution, politics, economy, national culture, participation of the minorities in the project areas of Rongan County investigated and collected. The references to this program came from the existing data and field investigation findings of the province, county and Xiangs (a sub-county administrative region). Chapter 1. Minority Overview in Project Areas I. Population and Distribution of Nationalities in Project Areas Rongan County, Gunagxi is a regional level poor county, where 19 nationalities live, which are Han, Zhuang, Miao, Yao, Dong, Mulam, Hui, Shui, Buyi, Manchu, Yi, Li, She, Jing, Tujia, Gaoshan, Maonan, Tibetan and Bai. The PRCDP project involves 45 villages in 13 Xiangs or towns in the county, mostly distributed in remote mountain areas and being minority centrally inhabited villages. The specific situation is as follows: Minority Distribution of Villages in Project Areas in Rongan (Unit: Person) Minority Proportio Zhuan Other Minority Project area populatio Dong Miao Yao n (%) g s village n Dongling 843 93.36 43 800 Yao village Guanxi 1031 60.43 210 23 58 740 Yao village Mainly Banlan Mengcun 589 62.93 356 115 106 12 Zhuang Town Shajiang 237 28.76 160 23 8 46 Zhuang Sian 1302 68.67 1020 184 98 village Mainly Yayao Cheping 762 49.00 430 38 58 99 137 Zhuang Xiang Sutian 542 34.48 365 54 58 65 Dahua 371 32.40 232 70 19 50 Dajiang Zhuang Town Taijiang 818 65.91 632 75 62 49 village 3 Zhuang Luju 1480 81.01 1454 24 2 village Xingshan Zhuang Dapo 754 74.58 747 4 2 1 g village Xiang Fushang 226 18.65 191 12 23 Zhuang Tongshi 977 61.46 888 13 14 62 village Chengdo Xuncun 399 36.37 339 32 23 5 ng Xiang Yindong 198 29.33 186 5 7 Daxiang Silang 992 81.31 151 146 683 12 Miao village Xiang Yaosong 548 37.48 105 123 242 78 Mainly Miao Zhuang Xiaolv 932 87.27 910 7 15 village Fushi Zhuang Mugua 1231 75.66 1072 12 138 9 Town village Zhuang Qixi 820 52.97 820 village Hongri 66 2.31 9 4 30 1 22 Mulam Antai 250 31.13 250 Dongqi hamlet Xiang Changfen 24 2.37 9 3 10 2 g Liangcun 182 7.57 155 27 Zhuang Shouju 685 37.55 659 15 11 village Zhuang Jizhao 2472 91.45 2472 Siding village Town Zhuang Matian 1555 99.23 1553 2 village Zhuang Shanbei 2360 91.58 2346 14 village Zhuang Guban 2093 100.00 2093 village Zhongcu Zhuang 1457 100.00 1445 12 n village Zhuang Ercun 1170 100.00 1170 village Qiaoban Zhuang Lianglao 1818 100.00 1810 5 3 Xiang village Zhuang Jiangbian 1374 100.00 1370 4 village Zhuang Yangshan 2011 100.00 2011 village Zhuang Wentang 1547 100.00 1512 17 18 village Zhuang Guyi 2382 99.50 2362 20 village Shazi Zhuang Xiang Shazi 2196 97.90 2196 village Mashan 99 6.77 85 9 5 Daliang Zhuang Yangliu 1577 98.01 1567 10 Town village Hudong 126 18.86 60 41 25 4 Shimen 80 14.31 67 7 6 Xian 123 5.44 24 29 47 23 Peicun 36 1.61 36 Tantou Dongxian Xiang 56 2.58 18 20 16 1 g Lingbei 27 1.69 6 8 13 II. History and Culture of Minorities in Project Areas 1. Zhuang nationality The Zhuang nationality is the largest minority in Rongan County and is the offspring of the Yue people. “Zhuang” is what this nationality calls itself, transliterated as “Zhuang”. The Zhuang language is used, which belongs to the Zhuang-Dai branch in the Zhuang-Dong group of the Sino-Tibetan family, and has 3 dialects. The Zhuang people also use Chinese characters and once used the “Tusu characters” borrowing Chinese characters to record the Zhuang syllables. The government created the written Zhuang language using Latin letters in 1955 and published a book, and revised the written Zhuang language in 1982. In history, the Zhuang people were good at planting paddy rice with the rich water resources. Women are good at weaving and embroidery. The Zhuang cloth and brocade woven are renowned for exquisite pattern and vivid colors. Zhuang villages are oriented to the east. The Zhuang people mostly dwell by surname or clan in railing type buildings, mostly wood or brick-wood structure storied buildings. The Zhuang people believe in a number of gods and worship ancestors. Chicken divination is popular. After the Song dynasty, Buddhism and Taoism were introduced in succession and temples built. Each temple has a shrine for ancestral worship. At many places, wizards and witches exercise divination. A Zhuang family is typically a monogamous one. More men settle at their wives’ homes than the Han nationality. Except the surname of Huang, Zhuang people of the same surname can marry each other. Wood coffin and inhumation is practiced among the Zhuang people in the project areas. The characteristic national festivals include “Feb 2”, “Mar 3”, “Zhongyuan Festival”, “Cattle Soul Festival” and “Eating Festival”. 2. Miao nationality The Miao people in the project areas are mainly found in Daxiang, Dajiang, Changan, Banlan, Fushi Xiangs/Towns. The Miao people in the Guangxi Project Region dwell in suspended foot houses in stockade mountain villages. The language belongs to the Miao branch in the Miao-Yao group. The Miao people at Anning Village under Daxiang Xiang speak the Miao language, scattered Miao people mostly speak Chinese. 5 A Miao family entertains guests with
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