Sun Xiaoyu A Chinese history reader

Table of Contents

1 CHAPTER 1 The Ancient Age 1 The Legendary Era 8 Primitive Human Relics 10 Primitive Culture 15 Xia, Shang, and Zhou Dynasties

33 CHAPTER 2 Eastern Zhou Dynasty 33 The Spring and Autumn Period 40 The Warring States Period 44 One Hundred Schools of Thought 54 Culture and Science 65 Political Reforms

75 CHAPTER 3 The Qin and Dynasties 75 and the Qin Dynasty 81 The Sheng and Uprising 82 The Contention of and Han 86 The Reign of Emperors Wen and Jing 87 The Study of Huang-Lao 87 Tai Xue 88 The Controversy of Modern Script Classics and Traditional Classics 89 Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty 90 Zhaojun Departed the Fortress 91 Zhang Qian's Western Expedition and the Silk Road 93 The Maritime Silk Road 94 Liu Xiu Established the Eastern Han Dynasty VI Table of Contents

96 Ban Chao and the Subordination of Western Regions 97 Movement of Pure Comment and Partisan Prohibition 99 Rebellion of the Yellow Turbans and Fall of the Han Dynasty 99 The Battle of Guandu 102 Three Humble Visits to the Thatched Cottage 103 The Battle of Red Cliffs 105 Evolution of the Worship of GuanYu 106 Scientific and Technological Progress 111 Historiography and Philosophy 114 Culture, Literature, and Arts 119 Terracotta Warriors and Horses 121 The Origin and Development of Chinese Medicine 123 Filial Piety

127 CHAPTER 4 The , Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties 129 Politics 136 Military Affairs 140 Scientific Achievements 143 Brilliant Cultural Achievements 160 Religion

169 CHAPTER 5 The Sui,Tang, Song, and Yuan Dynasties 169 The Sui Dynasty 172 The Tang Dynasty 188 The Song Dynasty 201 The Liao Dynasty 203 The Jin Dynasty 205 The Western Xia Dynasty 207 The Mongol Empire and Genghis Khan Table of Contents VII

209 The Yuan Dynasty 212 Literature and Art of the Tang, Song, and Yuan Dynasties 221 Science and Technology during the Sui,Tang, and Song Dynasties 231 Religion and Philosophy

241 CHAPTER 6 The Ming and Qing Dynasties 243 The Ming Dynasty 250 The Qing Dynasty 263 Academia of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 266 Core Decision-making Bodies in the Ming and Qing Dynasties 267 Politics, Economy, and Culture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties 279 Novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 282 Legal System 284 Science and Technology

289 CHAPTER 7 The Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China 289 George McCartney's Visit to China 290 The First Opium War 293 Destruction of Yuanmingyuan, the Garden of Gardens 295 Taiping Heavenly Kingdom 298 Modern Intellectual Enlightenment 301 Westernization Movement 306 Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 309 Reform Movement of 1898 312 Boxer Uprising and the Allied Forces of the Eight Powers 314 The Treaty of 1901 314 The 1911 Revolution 318 Founding of the Republic of China 322 Science, Engineering, and Culture