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State of the Nation 2008 Canada’S Science, Technology and Innovation System
State of the Nation 2008 Canada’s Science, Technology and Innovation System Science, Technology and Innovation Council Science, Technology and Innovation Council Permission to Reproduce Except as otherwise specifically noted, the information in this publication may be reproduced, in part or in whole and by any means, without charge or further permission from the Science, Technology and Innovation Council (STIC), provided that due diligence is exercised in ensuring the accuracy of the information, that STIC is identified as the source institution, and that the reproduction is not represented as an official version of the information reproduced, nor as having been made in affiliation with, or with the endorsement of, STIC. © 2009, Government of Canada (Science, Technology and Innovation Council). Canada’s Science, Technology and Innovation System: State of the Nation 2008. All rights reserved. Aussi disponible en français sous le titre Le système des sciences, de la technologie et de l’innovation au Canada : l’état des lieux en 2008. This publication is also available online at www.stic-csti.ca. This publication is available upon request in accessible formats. Contact the Science, Technology and Innovation Council Secretariat at the number listed below. For additional copies of this publication, please contact: Science, Technology and Innovation Council Secretariat 235 Queen Street 9th Floor Ottawa ON K1A 0H5 Tel.: 613-952-0998 Fax: 613-952-0459 Web: www.stic-csti.ca Email: [email protected] Cat. No. 978-1-100-12165-9 50% ISBN Iu4-142/2009E recycled 60579 fiber State of the Nation 2008 Canada’s Science, Technology and Innovation System Science, Technology and Innovation Council Canada’s Science, Technology and Innovation System iii State of the Nation 2008 Canada’s Science, Technology and Innovation System Context and Executive Summary . -
Date: To: September 22, 1 997 Mr Ian Johnston©
22-SEP-1997 16:36 NOBELSTIFTELSEN 4& 8 6603847 SID 01 NOBELSTIFTELSEN The Nobel Foundation TELEFAX Date: September 22, 1 997 To: Mr Ian Johnston© Company: Executive Office of the Secretary-General Fax no: 0091-2129633511 From: The Nobel Foundation Total number of pages: olO MESSAGE DearMrJohnstone, With reference to your fax and to our telephone conversation, I am enclosing the address list of all Nobel Prize laureates. Yours sincerely, Ingr BergstrSm Mailing address: Bos StU S-102 45 Stockholm. Sweden Strat itddrtSMi Suircfatan 14 Teleptelrtts: (-MB S) 663 » 20 Fsuc (*-«>!) «W Jg 47 22-SEP-1997 16:36 NOBELSTIFTELSEN 46 B S603847 SID 02 22-SEP-1997 16:35 NOBELSTIFTELSEN 46 8 6603847 SID 03 Professor Willis E, Lamb Jr Prof. Aleksandre M. Prokhorov Dr. Leo EsaJki 848 North Norris Avenue Russian Academy of Sciences University of Tsukuba TUCSON, AZ 857 19 Leninskii Prospect 14 Tsukuba USA MSOCOWV71 Ibaraki Ru s s I a 305 Japan 59* c>io Dr. Tsung Dao Lee Professor Hans A. Bethe Professor Antony Hewlsh Department of Physics Cornell University Cavendish Laboratory Columbia University ITHACA, NY 14853 University of Cambridge 538 West I20th Street USA CAMBRIDGE CB3 OHE NEW YORK, NY 10027 England USA S96 014 S ' Dr. Chen Ning Yang Professor Murray Gell-Mann ^ Professor Aage Bohr The Institute for Department of Physics Niels Bohr Institutet Theoretical Physics California Institute of Technology Blegdamsvej 17 State University of New York PASADENA, CA91125 DK-2100 KOPENHAMN 0 STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA D anni ark USA 595 600 613 Professor Owen Chamberlain Professor Louis Neel ' Professor Ben Mottelson 6068 Margarldo Drive Membre de rinstitute Nordita OAKLAND, CA 946 IS 15 Rue Marcel-Allegot Blegdamsvej 17 USA F-92190 MEUDON-BELLEVUE DK-2100 KOPENHAMN 0 Frankrike D an m ar k 599 615 Professor Donald A. -
April 28-30, 2003
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IOP, Quarks Leptons and the Big Bang (2002) 2Ed Een
Quarks, Leptons and the Big Bang Second Edition Quarks, Leptons and the Big Bang Second Edition Jonathan Allday The King’s School, Canterbury Institute of Physics Publishing Bristol and Philadelphia c IOP Publishing Ltd 2002 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Multiple copying is permitted in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency under the terms of its agreement with the Committee of Vice- Chancellors and Principals. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0 7503 0806 0 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data are available First edition printed 1998 First edition reprinted with minor corrections 1999 Commissioning Editor: James Revill Production Editor: Simon Laurenson Production Control: Sarah Plenty Cover Design: Fr´ed´erique Swist Marketing Executive: Laura Serratrice Published by Institute of Physics Publishing, wholly owned by The Institute of Physics, London Institute of Physics Publishing, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS1 6BE, UK US Office: Institute of Physics Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 1035, 150 South Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA Typeset in LATEX2ε by Text 2 Text, Torquay, Devon Printed in the UK by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall Contents -
Cryptographer Sherry Shannon- Vanstone Says the Status Quo Isn’T Working for Women Entering STEM Fields
the Perimeter spring/summer 2017 Editor Natasha Waxman [email protected] Managing Editor Tenille Bonoguore Contributing Authors Tenille Bonoguore Colin Hunter Stephanie Keating Arthur B. McDonald Roger Melko Robert Myers Percy Paul Neil Turok Copy Editors Tenille Bonoguore Mike Brown Colin Hunter Stephanie Keating Sonya Walton Natasha Waxman Graphic Design Gabriela Secara Photo Credits Adobe Stock Tenille Bonoguore Jens Langen National Research Council of Canada Masoud Rafiei-Ravandi Gabriela Secara SNOLAB Tonia Williams Inside the Perimeter is published by Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. www.perimeterinstitute.ca To subscribe, email us at [email protected]. 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada p: 519.569.7600 I f: 519.569.7611 02 IN THIS ISSUE 04/ We are innovators, Neil Turok 06/ Young women encouraged to follow curiosity to success in STEM, Tenille Bonoguore 08/ A quantum spin on passing a law, Colin Hunter 09/ Creating clean ‘quantum light’, Tenille Bonoguore 12/ How to make magic, Colin Hunter and Tenille Bonoguore 14/ Innovation tour delivers – and discovers – inspiration across Canada, Tenille Bonoguore 15/ Teacher training goes to Iqaluit, Stephanie Keating 16/ The (surprisingly) complex science of trapping muskrats, Roger Melko 18/ Fundamental science success deep underground, Arthur B. McDonald 20/ Hearing the universe’s briefest notes, Stephanie Keating 22/ Our home and innovative land, Colin Hunter 24/ Ingenious Canada 26/ Fostering the untapped curiosity of youth, Percy -
Uot History Freidland.Pdf
Notes for The University of Toronto A History Martin L. Friedland UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS Toronto Buffalo London © University of Toronto Press Incorporated 2002 Toronto Buffalo London Printed in Canada ISBN 0-8020-8526-1 National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data Friedland, M.L. (Martin Lawrence), 1932– Notes for The University of Toronto : a history ISBN 0-8020-8526-1 1. University of Toronto – History – Bibliography. I. Title. LE3.T52F75 2002 Suppl. 378.7139’541 C2002-900419-5 University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial assistance to its publishing program of the Canada Council for the Arts and the Ontario Arts Council. This book has been published with the help of a grant from the Humanities and Social Sciences Federation of Canada, using funds provided by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. University of Toronto Press acknowledges the finacial support for its publishing activities of the Government of Canada, through the Book Publishing Industry Development Program (BPIDP). Contents CHAPTER 1 – 1826 – A CHARTER FOR KING’S COLLEGE ..... ............................................. 7 CHAPTER 2 – 1842 – LAYING THE CORNERSTONE ..... ..................................................... 13 CHAPTER 3 – 1849 – THE CREATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO AND TRINITY COLLEGE ............................................................................................... 19 CHAPTER 4 – 1850 – STARTING OVER ..... .......................................................................... -
Mas Subramanian Oral History Interview, “Luck Only Favors the Alert Mind”, September 30, 2015 Page 2 of 19
Mas Subramanian Oral History Interview, September 30, 2015 Title “Luck Only Favors the Alert Mind” Date September 30, 2015 Location Valley Library, Oregon State University. Summary In the interview, Subramanian discusses his family background and upbringing in Madras, India, commenting on the cultural and political milieu in which he was raised, and likewise noting his earliest interests in science and the means by which he pursued this passion as a boy. He then recalls the years of his higher education, including his undergraduate and master's studies in Chemistry at the University of Madras, and his doctoral candidacy at the Madras branch of the Indian Institute of Technology. In reflecting on his time as a Ph.D. student, Subramanian makes particular note of his influential early investigations on pyrochlores, and the chance meeting with Abraham Clearfield that led to his relocation to the United States. From there, Subramanian describes his stint as a post-doctoral researcher at Texas A&M University, where he led investigations on new materials for use in batteries. He then details the circumstances by which he came to be employed as a researcher at DuPont, where he remained for twenty-two years. Subramanian's discussion of his time at DuPont include memories of the research that he led, his work habits and the work environment at the company, and his impressions of life on the East Coast. The remainder of the session focuses on Subramanian's career as a faculty member at Oregon State University. In this, he outlines his decision to move into academia from DuPont, and also speaks of setting up his laboratory and initiating a new program of research. -
Rare Earth Elements in the Periodic Table ? Why ? 1 18 2 13 14 15 16 17
LECTURE SCHEDULE Date Topic 1. Wed 28.10. Course Introduction & Short Review of the Elements 2. Fri 30.10. Periodic Properties & Periodic Table & Main Group Elements (starts) 3. Fri 06.11. Short Survey of the Chemistry of Main Group Elements (continues) 4. Wed 11.11. Ag, Au, Pt, Pd & Catalysis (Antti Karttunen) 5. Fri 13.11. Redox Chemistry 6. Mon 16.11. Transition Metals: General Aspects & Crystal Field Theory 7. Wed 18.11. Zn, Ti, Zr, Hf & Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) 8. Fri 20.11. V, Nb, Ta & Metal Complexes and MOFs 9. Mon 23.11. Cr, Mo, W & 2D materials 10 Wed 25.11. Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu & Magnetism and Superconductivity 11. Fri 27.11. Resources of Elements & Rare/Critical Elements & Element Substitutions 12. Mon 30.11. Lanthanoids + Actinoids & Pigments & Luminescence & Upconversion 13. Wed 02.12. Inorganic Materials Chemistry Research EXAM: Thu Dec 10, 9:00-12:00 (IN ZOOM) PRESENTATION TOPICS/SCHEDULE Wed 18.11. Ti: Ahonen & Ivanoff Mon 23.11. Mo: Kittilä & Kattelus Wed 25.11. Mn: Wang & Tran Ru: Mäki & Juopperi Fri 27.11. In: Suortti & Räsänen Te: Kuusivaara & Nasim Mon 30.11. Eu: Morina U: Musikka & Seppänen QUESTIONS: Lecture 12 List all the possible lanthanoid ions that have 7 f electrons. List all the possible lanthanoid ions that have 14 f electrons. Why Eu has so low melting point? Which way you prefer to place the rare earth elements in the periodic table ? Why ? 1 18 2 13 14 15 16 17 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 f-BLOCK TRANSITION METALS - lanthanides [elements after La: Ce Lu] - actinides [elements after Ac: Th Lr] - lanthanoids (Ln): La + Lanthanides - rare earth elements (RE): Ln + Y + Sc ABUNDANCES RARE EARTH ELEMENTS (= METALS) Discovery history starts from and ends in Finland: - Johan Gadolin (prof. -
Neutron Scattering Studies of Yttrium Doped Rare-Earth Hexagonal Multiferroics
NEUTRON SCATTERING STUDIES OF YTTRIUM DOPED RARE-EARTH HEXAGONAL MULTIFERROICS A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri-Columbia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by JAGATH C GUNASEKERA Dr. Owen P. Vajk, Dissertation Supervisor JULY 2013 The undersigned, appointed by the Dean of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled: NEUTRON SCATTERING STUDIES OF YTTRIUM DOPED RARE-EARTH HEXAGONAL MULTIFERROICS presented by Jagath C Gunasekera, a candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Dr. Owen. P. Vajk Dr. Wouter Montfrooij Dr. Sashi Satpathy Dr. Angela Speck Dr. Steven Keller To my parents and to my loving wife ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I want to thank my advisor Dr. Owen Vajk for introducing me to the world of strongly correlated systems, neutron scattering and crystal growth. His excellent support and perpetual guidance throughout my Ph.D has been enormous and without it this thesis would have not been possible. I have been very fortunate to learn from him. Owen also has great sense of humor. If you have any question about computers, just email him. I also want to thank Dr. Tom Heitmann for giving me practical knowledge in neutron scattering and keeping me company during long hours at the beam port floor, and also for maintaining the instrument at the reactor, without which no scattering experiments would have been possible. I would also like to thank Tom for his guidance and advice on dealing with life. -
Clifford Shull’S Life Occurred in the Period Between 1942 and 1944
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES C LIFFORD GLENWOOD SHULL 1 9 1 5 — 2 0 0 1 A Biographical Memoir by R O B E R T D . S HULL Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 2010 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON, D.C. CLIFFORD GLENWOOD SHULL September 23, 1915–March 31, 2001 BY ROBERT D . SHULL LIFFORD GLENWOOD SHULL WAS ELECTED to membership Cin the National Academy of Sciences in 1975. He had earlier, in 1956, been admitted to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and would in 1994 be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. These and other honors were in recogni- tion of his pioneering accomplishments in the development of neutron scattering techniques for atomic and magnetic structure determination. The Nobel Prize was awarded 50 years after the beginning of his discoveries and 15 years after he had retired as an emeritus professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In this case the scientific community had ample time to see the ramifications of his achievements. Between 1946 and 1994, several other Nobel Prizes were awarded to individuals for discoveries or predictions verified partially through the use of neutron scattering methods. The Nobel Prize was not something to which Cliff aspired. “The achievements of past winners are so phenom- enal it’s beyond one’s scope to think of being in that class. I certainly had no feelings of delusion about joining such people,” expressed Cliff to videographers for the Nobel Foundation just after announcement of his selection as one of the 1994 recipients.1 Cliff’s humility was a personality 4 BIOGRA P HICAL MEMOIRS trait that governed the way he approached science, and it was a characteristic that set him apart from others.2 One of his great sorrows was that Ernest Wollan, a colleague who pioneered the development of neutron scattering with him in the early years, was not alive in 1994 to share the Nobel Prize with him. -
Radioactivity and Our Well-Being 27 Is Carried out with Gamma Rays, X-Rays, and Fast Neutrons, in Addition to Chemical Mutagens
Introduction: Radioactivity and Our Well-Being 27 is carried out with gamma rays, x-rays, and fast neutrons, in addition to chemical mutagens. As reported in the IAEA Nuclear Technology Review (2006) other nuclear techniques used are the radioisotope labeling of nucleic acids used as probes for genetic fingerprinting, map- ping and marker-assisted selection, and mutagenesis for the analysis of gene function. The Joint FAO/IAEA Division in Vienna, Austria carries out extensive coordinated research programs with member states utilizing nuclear and conventional techniques in mutation plant breeding. The induced mutations created by nuclear radiation and chemicals have led to major advances in plant breeding for crop improvement. The beneficial mutants have been selected and used by plant breeders for over 50 years. The Nuclear Technology Review (2006) reports that, to date, approximately 2500 officially registered mutant varieties of more than 160 plant species worldwide are listed in the FAO/IAEA Mutant Variety Database. An example cited is a mutant rice cultivar with high quality and tolerance to salinity, which has been released in Vietnam. It is one of the top five export rice varieties, which occupies 280,000 ha of the export rice area of the Mekong Delta. The target area for the salt tolerant rice cultivar for Bangladesh, India, Philippines, and Vietnam encompass an estimated area of 4.3 million ha. The IAEA Nuclear Technology Review (2005) reports that mutation induction coupled to selection remains the most "clean" and inexpensive way to create varieties by changing single characteristics without touching the general phenotype. Major successes are reported for mutagenesis-enhanced breeding in the USA (rice, barley, sunflower, grapefruit, pep- permint), Pakistan (cotton), India (blackgram), Australia and Canada (linseed), Japan (pear), and China and Australia (rice). -
Nuclear Research Centres in the 21St Century
IAEA-NRC-21ST Nuclear Research Centres in the 21st Century Final report of a meeting held in Vienna, 13-15 December 1999 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY 33/05 November 2001 — 21VT Nuclear Research Centres in the 21st Century Final report of a meeting held in Vienna, 13-15 December 1999 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY ^ November 2001 The originator of this publication in the IAEA was: Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse 5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria NUCLEAR RESEARCH CENTRES IN THE 21st CENTURY IAEA, VIENNA, 2001 IAEA-NRC-21ST © IAEA, 2001 Printed by the IAEA in Austria November 2001 FOREWORD During the last fifty years, a large number of countries have established nuclear research centres (NRCs) with the mission of (1) developing indigenous expertise in nuclear science and technology, (2) training scientists/engineers for research and development on nuclear power reactors and applications of radioisotopes and radiation, and (3) facilitating commercial exploitation of nuclear technology. Many research centres have developed nuclear expertise on all aspects of nuclear science and technology through setting up and operating large nuclear facilities like research reactors, accelerators, fuel cycle facilities and the like. NRCs have been the cradle for a host of industries dealing with peaceful uses of nuclear energy. By virtue of their multidisciplinary nature, nuclear research centres have also been strategic elements of technology development in many countries and a number of industries have benefited by association with NRCs. For technologies which have already been deployed, there is a belief that less R&D from NRCs is required.