Rfe/Rl Inc. Analyses

Home , Alexander Ginzburg, Alexander Piatigorsky, Alexander Podrabinek, Anatoly Marchenko, Gleb Yakunin, Igor Shafarevich

RFE/RL INC. DAIL, 3ROADCAST 1(2; BROADCAST ARCHIVE ANALYSES Rgc-R

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY.BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 234

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 234 for Saturday and Sunday, 1 and 2 October 1977 M. Gelischanow

A. SOVIET TOPICS - POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. French Prime Minister Barre's Visit to the Soviet Union was the subject of WORLD THIS WEEK No. 371 (Salkazanova, P 6) of October 1. Both sides have stressed that they are aiming for a deepening of Soviet -French collaboration in industry and trade. The major problem in trade relations is that up to now a balance of payments has never been reached between France and the Soviet Union and the latter's debts are constantly growing. Another major topic of discussion was France's desire to have Air France's new airliner "air bus" fly Paris-Moscow, on which the Soviet Union has:' placed a series of conditions. In the political sphere the problems

of detente and disarmament were discussed butthe situation in Africa a subject they both disagree on, was ignored.

2. Soviet-Chinese Relations. WORLD THIS WEEK No. 371 (Bykovsky, NY 4) of October 1 referred to the addresses of ,Foreign Ministers Andrei Gromyko and Huang Hua at the plenary meeting of the 32nd session of the UNGA. It was noted that Gromyko's speech was devoted largely to detente and contained very little polemical material on China, while Huang Hua once again denounced the Soviet Union's imperialistic schemes in Africa, the Indian Ocean, and Europe.

3. Dissidents and Human Rights. SAMIZDAT REVIEW No. 295 (Fedoseyeva, M 29:30) of October I read the text of a document by lawyer Sofiya Kallistratova entitled "Some Remarks on the Occasion of the USSR Draft Constitution."

SAMIZDAT REVIEW No. 296 (Fedoseyeva, M 27) of October 2 featured Larisa Bogaraz' and Anatoly Marchenko's "Letter to the Newspaper" and a humorous sketch by Pinkhas Podrabinek "On the Eve to Belgrade, on the Threshhold of.a Better Constitution in the World." These documents!were included in the appeal signed by 12 Soviet citizens and sent to the CPSU CC Politburo in connection with the nationwide discus'sion of the new Soviet draft constitution. Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine continued to be read in DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME No. 135 (Burshtein, M 27) of October 1.

Venedikt Yerofeyev's Moscow-Petushki continued to be read in UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 755 (Kunta, M 20:30) of October 1.

'Bulat Okudzhava's twa'songsThreei-Loves And The Song About the Moscow Subway were sung in Polish by Bogdan Lazuka and Woiciech Mlynarski in THEY SING No. 567 -(Mitina, M. 4:30) of October 1.

4. Soviet -American Relations wwere the subject of WORLD THIS WEEK No. 371 (Savemark, W 3) of October l'Which noted Gromyko's and President Carter's meeting in Washington and the apparent progress that has been made in the discussions on arms limitations, and excerpted parts of their announcements to the press.

PANORAMA (Davydov, NY. 5) Ofbetqber 2 gave the substance of an article by Herbert Mayer in The New Leader .examining the Course. of US -Soviet relations, The author concluded that for the first time in past years the-Kremliis in need of the White House more than the White HOuse:pee4sthe,-KreMlin

5. SALT Negotiations.'. 'SIGNAL No. 113.11.(Predtechevsky, M 12) of October 2 discussed the possibilities of the.qualitativeasPects of the limitation of Soyiet-and.AmexiCan strategic weapons. -It was noted that the qualitative limitations were the Main elements of the plan -proposed by-Tresident:_Carter,for-it has become obvious with the years that the armsrade:hasbecome transformed from the sphere of the: quantitative:O.-the qualitative. The, program referred to the fact that both sides possess advantages in those fields in which thelOIAVe-COricentrated.their efforts, and if the eXisting.armS.stockSwere to be frozen, neither side would possess preemptive first -strike capability.

6. The Absurdity of Soviet Jubilee Celebrations was featured in - RADIO JOURNAL: THE. SOVIET UNION NO:.186:(Bplotserkovsky, M.6:30) of. October 1. As an example-cf Soviet', fetishism the case of 'Semen Tsvigun, first deputy .to the chairman of, 'the KGB who 'was awarded Hero of Socialist Labor in Connection with his. 60th birthday,' was given. According to Soviet handbooks published before 1974, Tsvigun is actually 61, but as a gift 'to him (to be honored with the same age as the .0ctober.Revolutionsvig,un was rejuvenated by one year, The. program- noted 'that during the past 15 years . the' jubilee mania has readied ridiculous proportions and .analyzed the main reason for this. phenomenpn:diting:Floris Shragin.and Valentin Turchin's_Inertia,pf Fear,- These celebrations are designed to serve the purpose of detraCting.:attention from the everyday humdrum of life and filling peoples consciousness so that no.rooM:remains thbught’s.!’ .It is not by chance that the jubilee mania Coincicle'a with the anniversary of the dissident movement, 'the agricUlturaiarisis and 'a' slower pace of .economic growth:. -3-

7. Agriculture. RADIO. 'JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. .186 (Belotserkovsky and Kroncher, M 7) of .October 1 discussed the rather unexpected line taken .by the Soviet authorities increasing the recognition that the private sector plays. an important role in Soviet agriculture. Up tO .now the Soviet leaders have attempted to conceal the true economic importance of the private sector; namely, that the productiOnOfa fourth of. all agricultural gross output comes from private farms. KOmabmolskaya Praxda and Izvestiya stated that s.a. phrase noting.the.necessity of developing the support of private farms should be included in the.constitution'as a testimony to the long-range significance accorded to these farms. _This.newattitude means that the. Soviet regime has admitted that.the:governMent section by itself is. not capable of supplying the demands of its citizens, and noted that praOtice sometimes causes a.retreat from dogmatic theory, that in this case may become a:serious liability, -but that the . attitude May again changa.underrthe influence of party dogmatism.

8. The Launching of the Soviet Space Station Salyut -6, most. .probably a.saluta to the 20th anniversary. of the space era and- the 60th anniversary of the. October revolution, was reported on WORLD .THIS WEEK No. 371 '(Muaiin;..MY:4) Of October 1.

9. CPSU-East German CP Relations was the topic of PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONALISM No. 24 (Silnitsky, NY 9) 'Of October 2. . The program recalled the history of the, East German CP, noting the purges and the process of "bolshevization" in the party. Melvin Krone, who analyzed the results of socialist construction in East Germany, 'published in Communist States in Disorder, was cited.

10 A Review of the .New Edition of BorisScUvarine's Book "Stalin" .which appeared in Le Monde Diplothatique was featured in PANORAMA (Mirsky, P 5) of October 2. 'Boris Souvarine was one of the founders and later secretary, of the Third International from which he.was later excluded;

li. History.. FIFTY YEARS AGO .THIS WEEK No. 157 (Gendler, NY 13:30) of October 2' examined and compared' the enormous changes in the connotation of.historial events, people and .terms in the Bolshaya Sovetskaya Entsiklopediya of 1927 to the same topics listed in the subsequent twO editions. of this encyclopedia. .The ..prOgram noted that at first glance the latest. edition Of the Bolshaya Sovetskaya EntsiklopediYa seems to show the greatest reserve and deliberation in the wording, but upon closer inspection the careful planning is seen to' be of the kind that denies the readers the so-called objective truth.

THE STATE OF SOCIETY IN .TOTALITARIAN COUNTRIES No. 62 (Agursky, Isr 6:30) of October -1 presented an interpretation of Soviet history .which analyzes. it as a continuous network of conspiracies, particularly flourishing during the Stalinist period of Soviet history and culminating in the trials of the 19.30s.. The program was based .on Robert Tucker's book Sviet Political Thought.. Tucker. analyzed Stalin's tendency to imagine himself surrounded by spies and enemies as a paranoia that Sawany.opposition to or criticism of him as evidence:.of.deepseated,treachery:.:

'RETURNING TO :HISTORYNa. 13 Menkina, M. 29) of October 1. recalled the events in Russia during the thitd week of September sixty years ago focusing on the_lagt days.of.the.Democratic Conference in Petrograd. The Democratic COhference formed the Russian Democratic Council apre-parliament,to which the Provisional. Government had to reply government staff. From Finland Lenin insisted that the Bolsheviks boycott the preparliament and propagated the immediate seizure of PoWer. The program excerpted from ConteMporaivnewspapers and passages from books concerning that period

12. :The Emigre Press REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN -LANGUAGE FOREIGN PRESS No. 57 :(SchajoVici,::M 13). of'DCtober'l presented the considerably abridged text ofGyuzel Amalrik's reminiscences of her meeting in a prison. camp in. the-areafof Magadan with her husband Andrei. Amalrik in the winter,of.1.971.;'.published in Kontinent Nr. 11140

B. CROSS -REPORTING: AND. OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Eurocommunism was featutedon:ROUND-TABLE TALK. No. 317 (Matusevich,:A..Vardy, Raht; and:Bensi, M 20) of October 1 which discussed the following asPects.of'EuraCommUnisM: the forthcoming trip of Spanish CPSecretary,.Santiagb,Cartillo to Moscow, the crisis of the left coalition in France, and the rejection of the "Marxist-Leninist" dogma by, one 'of the leaders of the PCI.

2. The. CPR. .-PEKING AND; ITS 'POLICY No. 438 .(Shilaeff, of October .2 examined the revised charter 'adopted at the Eleventh Party Congress and ComPared'some points of this charter to the one of 1969.. It was noted that the. structure of the' new charter and the internal politics.ih'China'show a tendency of a return to past policies. For instance:eMphaals,Was placed -on strengthening party. discipline' and a 'revival of the., old traditions and . moral demands. The charter also restored the probationary period for Chinese CP. membership for the purpose .of observing and con- trolling potential members' ior A year..

3. Dissidents and Human. Rights in GDR. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. -27 (S. Vardy, M 4) of October.2 reported on the release of 90 political prisoners by the East German authorities and the permission granted them to- go to West Germany, .as a result of recent, negotiations between GDR and FRG. Die Welt was cited claiming that the West German govetnment. will pay the East. German government five -million Marks for this and another group of political prisoners whoa have -already arrived in. West Germany. The prograM'also noted the.reView in Der Spiegel of Rudolph Bahros book The. Alternativesbyan .anonymous GDR party worker who expressed beWilderment'at Bahro.'S arrest. -5-

4. Human Rights in Poland. EAST EUROPEAN NOTES No. 28 (S. Vardy, M 8) of October 2 recalleclthe June Worker's riots of last year and the Worker's Defense Committee pegged to the first anniversary of'the founding of the committee. The program highlighted the Worker's Defense Committee's' declaration enumerating the reasone fgt the creation of the committee,- and surveyed the past year's accomplishments.' Declaration. No. 13 which appeared in Polish samizdat listing the reasons for the continuation of. the committee was Also excerpted

5. Bulgaria. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No.. ,27 (S. Vardy,'M 3) of October 2 featured the BTA announcement that the 'country's constitution guarantees .rights to religious The. commu- nication stated that.there are more than 3,720 churches in operation and about 400 monks and nuns and other.l'facts".evi.- dencing religious freedom in Bulgaria.

6. Cardinal Wyszynski's Announcement Accusing the Polish Government of Neglecting the "Everday Needs of the People was highlighted in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 27 (5. Vardy, M 3) of October 2. The program also referred to the 'declaration sent by a group of Polish bishops stating.that.Pglish radio and television are leading an unending anti -religious propaganda campaign and that the mass media are used by. the government to strengthen its .dictatorship.

7. Hungary. A surplus of food products in Hungary for the first .time during the postwar years was reported on EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 27 .,(S. Vardy, M 4) df October 2, The program.also noted that fewer Hungarian workers ,are expressing their desire" to go to the 'GDR to. .work.

8. The Economic Situation in Czechoslovakia was featured in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No,' Vardy, 'M 3) of October 2 which gave the contents of an article in Spectator by a former British ambassador to Czechoslovakia.

9. Criticism of the Politics of Some East European Countries in . the Belgrade Daily "Politika" was' highlighted in. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 27 (S. Vardy, M 3) of October 2.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Goals and Results of Moshe Dayan's Last two Trips to Europe were featured in PANORAMA '(Zuckerman, 'NY .5) of October 2 which gave the contents of 'an article entitled "Dayan's Secret" in Newsweek.

2. The Liberal Party Congress in Brighton was the subject 'of.. WORLD THIS WEEK No. 371 (Antonova, L 3) of October 1. It, was noted that the members, of the congress agreed to a continuation of collaborating with the LabourParty.

-6-

thesubject of ROUND TABLE TALK 3. The Belgrade Conference was and VladimirOv, No. 318 (Belotserknvsky, Predtecheysky,.Behsi, may be expected from the .M 20) of October 2. The.-resultsWhich able to obtain imple- conference and whether the members will be an end to the violation mentation of the Helsinki: Accords, such as and. other countries of tiqtnan rights in the .USSR, Czechoslovakia Were discussed.

the Eelgrade.confer- The composition of the American:delegatioh.to HUMAN 'RIGHTS' No, '87 (R. Dudin, ence was a subject of HELSINKI AND gave extensive information.on.the NY 8)- of October 2. The -program 'andhoted.Goldberg's head of the delegation, 'Arthur Goldberg previous government experience.

Role of .the Accused, such as 4. Former political Leaders in the featured PANORAMA- -Indira Gandhi'and Ali Bhutto',...Were an article in The (Antonova, L.5) of October 2.Whibh excerpted. -No,:" Economist entitled "JustiCeYeS Revenge

TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC COUNTRIES:

"The Tuning of the World," 1. A Review of Murray Schafer's Book the elements emitting on the necessity of studying and planning in BOOKS,,JOURNALS AND sounds in our surroundings,' was featured IDEAS No. 138 (Beck, NY 9) of October 1.

.Tomorrow," the goal 2. The California ,Organization,."Califoinia harmonizing nature's beauty ' of which is to create surroundings subject of TOMORROW OF THE with economic, productivity,, was the October 2. PLANET EARTH N0. 229 .(Patrushev, M. of

October '2 discussed the 3.. MORALITY No. 8 (ShmeMar6 NY .9)' of in morality.. deep changes effected by Christianity'

Day was the subject of 4.. The Virgin 14 axyand Annunciation October 1. . SUNDAY TALK No. 1067 (Shmeman, NY':9)'of

Holidays was: 5. The History of the Or4.gin.cf:TwouReligipus No. 2199:(Rahr, M 9v30) discussed in RELIGION IN THE MODERN WORLD of October 1.

All RrE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of October 1.

The Argentine Navy. has fired onsOmefElulgatian and Soviet fishing boats in its waters, causing-damageand casualties.

A painstaking liostazd;:exchange;and.ransOm.payMent is Slowly achiev- ing freedom for some of the passengers of a hijacked Japanese plane in Bangladesh..

Andrei Gromyko says it wOuld-begoOd'if a Summit Meeting between Presidents Brezhnev and Garter couldbe'arranged..

The U.S. and the Soviet Union are to iSsue. a joint statement later today concerning a GeneVa,Middle,Batt Conference.

The Rhodesian governmenttOda-confirted.repOrts that Prime Minister Smith and 'President Kaunda'of.ZaMbia held, a secret meeting in Lusaka last Sunday,,

Pakistan's military itaeri have postponed -indefinitely the elections scheduled for October '

Police have clashed with-rioerpin'Several Italian cities dui'ing.. demonstrations prOtestingtheerof.aleftist Student in Rome.' J, The dhief of the Soviet:delegati911..t0. next week's Helsinki follow- up conference in Belgrade says the people of Europe do not want to Se a 'psychological war" there,

At' least three victims of.Ohina'S 'cultural'Revolution:appeared last night at a Peking.banquet.t0 mark the anniversary of the founding of the people's Republic, Italian communist'leader Enrico :BerlingOerl.1aS held talks in Budapest with Hungarian 'party First secretary Janos Kadar.

A Vatican. Meeting of bishops has been told of Church difficulties under communist and. atheist governments and 'military dictatorships.

Members of a- religious group in the pssli have been warned they face prosecution if they Start a. planned hunger strike, .

Polish party ,I:eader'Edwardierek has tailed for a struggle against anti-soCial behavior.' 0 *

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE BDs and .RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts Of October 2:

The U.S. and Soviet Union SaT.they-want the MiddleEast peace conference resumed. not later. than. and are prepared to guarantee observance of-settlement,terms

The statement.has caused A StorM-Of protest In israel.and.came in f, Arab criticism but-it.hat:alOpreceived a guarded welcome from som( Palestinian leader's,

The hijacked Japan Airlsines:plane took off. tonight.from.Bangladesh, apparently heading roe :Kuwait. . The chief U.S. delegate to the'BelgradeMeeting opening this week says the U.S. doesn't Want A confitilltati.on over human rights. . . Two Soviet and two Bulgarian trawlers seized yesterday for fishi within Argentina's 200,mile:offshoreHterr1t0r1a1 limits are expert to arrive under escort at'ap:Argentine port today:

*There have been more disturbancWin Italian -cities. as leftists continue protests_over the.shooting of a. student..

Pakistani security forces. are said to have detained some supporterS of former Premier Zulfikar All Bhutto.

Somalia. claims that early cogn -troops stationed in Angola have been sent to Ethiopia at.MOScpw’srequest. .

Polish Primate -Cardinal Stefan,Wyszynski has left hospital after abdominal surgery.'

**A coup attempt in Bangladesh has failed.-

*) The.Romanian.BD did not use this item. **) The Czechoslovak BD did not usethis item.. PFLOIsi a. hr.

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO..23t7

JA summary of the 'news. coverage by the Russian- Janguage programming appears atthe end of the DBA.)

Russian.Daily BroadcaSt Analysis No:.235 for Monday, .3 October 1977 J. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS - POLITIALuEcoaomic-, sceTnIs, iLID CULTURZ.I.A:

be improving in 1. Soviet -American Relations were opined to made reference WASHINGTON REPORT No. 287 (Orshansky, W 3), which and members of the to the intensive negotiations between Gromyko dealing with Carter administration in W.shington and New York Indian Ocean, such questions as the demilitarization of the a comprehen- control of the spreading of nuclear technology and attributed to joint sive nuclear test ban. Significance was also Middle East peace American-Soviet efforts to reconvena the Geneva apparently made conference and the Soviet and American decisions, the SALT independently of each other, to continue observing agreement which officially expired October 3.

technology were The prospects for the American import of Soviet W 3) which. discussed in WASHINGTON REPORT No. 286 (Orshansky, findings of which. was based on a recently prepared report the East-West trade at, were presented at a conference dealing with out that the re- the Department of Commerce. The ieport pointed United States latively limited sale of Soviet technology to the that the does not mean that the Soviet Union has no equipment rather that the United States would be interested in buyinbut structure and Soviet Union does not have the proper organizational sales on tha qualified personnel which are necessary to conclude international market.

representatives The continuation of the visit of Soviet labor union No. 649-77 the United States was the topic of NEW YORK REPORT to American (Zuckerman, NY 4), which cited the opinion of several ranks of journalists that this visit demonstrates a split in the that the Soviet the American labor union movement. It was noted Alqi-CIO. delegation met only with labor unions not part of the with the leaders of the In one such case the delegation met of the largest Milted- Automobile Workers (UAW) which is one this union had re- unions not in the AFL-CIO. The leaders of before on the grounds fused the receive Leonid Plyushch two weeks out as an illustration that they hadn't the time. This pointed the different lnbor union of divergence between the views of groups.

was the topic of 2. The Soviet Line on Flying Saucers (Muslin, NY 13), which SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TODAY No. 109 o, flying American press reports of the existence discussed of the American noting that 80 per cent of the members saucers, of flying saucers Astronomical Society consider the question it was pointed out deserving of further study. In contrast, the possible exibtence that Soviet propaganda tries to reject territory which the Soviet of any such phenomenon over Soviet press deals with authorities cannot control. Thus, the Soviet ideological point of view. the issues of flying saucers from the

DID YOU NOTICE? The Political -Education of Soviet Youth. 3. KomsomAshaya Pravda (Pylaev, M 7) discussed an article from and describing dealing with the political education of youth including more courses their curriculum. The program suggested through which the dealing with the first Komsomol congresses of many political students will come in contact with the names the Soviet version of figures which have since disappeared from history.

by Vladimir Maximov 4." Helsinki -- Soviet style," an article PLRIS REPORT (Salkaza- in Le Figaro, was excerpted at length in problems concerning the noza, P 6:30). The article dealt with of Soviet foreign relation of West and East to certain aspects policies.

All -Russian Alexander SolzhenitsynIs Appeal Entitled "An 5. Russkaya Mysl and Memorial Library" which was published in CULTURE, EVENTS, PEOPLE Novoe Russkoe Slovo was featured in (Solzhenitsyn, M 6:30).

12 60 YEARS OF SOVIET REPRESENTATIONAL ART No. 6. Art. separate (Golomshtok, L 8) described the development of two socialist realism tendencies inSoviet art; the official art of the life styles and unofficial art. The program contrasted The unofficial art implied by being an artist of either group. up by police and exhibition of September 1974 which was broken bulldozers was referred to. 4,

7. Poetry. IN THE WORLD OF POETRY No. 27 (Betaki, P 9) reviewed the poetry in Molodaya-Gvardiya, a poetry magazine, using excerpts from the publication.

8. VenediktYerofeyevss." Moscow-Petushki " continued to be read in THE UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No.. 756 (Kurita, M 20).

9 .Alexander Podrabinekis. "Punitive Medicine" continued to be . -read in DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME No. 136 (Burshtein and Fedoseyeva, M 27:30.).

B. CROSS -REPORT I NG AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFF/NIRS :

1. A Polish Translation of Mandelshtam's Later Poems by Stanislaw Baranczah. a 30 -year old Polish poet who is also one of the editors of the Polish samizdat publication Zanis was the topic of EAST EUROPEAN WITNESSES No. 66 (Gorbanevskaya, P14), which also gave- Baranczakis impressions of MandelshtaM's poetry.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. ANALYSIS (Rahr, M 7:30) highlighted the contents of a joint Soviet -American statement on the Middle East recognizing the legitimate rights of the Palestinian representation at any resumed Geneva talks.

The Soviet-American declaration on the Middle East was a topic

of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 4:30), which excerpted articles from the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq and Le Figaro.

Jerusalem's reaction to the joint American-Soviet statement on the Middle East was reviewed in TEL AVIV REPCRT (Perelman, Isr 4:30), which cited comments by the Israeli Minister of Finance Simha Ehrlich and former head of government Rubin. The program noted that the opposiEionblock, Maarakh, has expressed equally sharp criticism of the statement.

2. The Arrest of Former. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was the topic of NOTE(Bensi, M 4:30), which reviewed her misuse of power during her term' as prime minister and the methods by which she subdued the opposition. .3. The Belgrade Conference was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 5),.which excerpted articles from The Financial Times,, The Daily. Telegraph . Der Tagebspiegel, and the.Neue Zuercher ZeitUng,

4. Catalonia . NOTE (Garcia, M 8) reported the passing of a decree by the Spanish Council of Ministers which called for the setting up of an autonomous government in Catalonia. The program reviewed tha history of this region in Spain.

5, 'The Situation in Pakistan wasdiscussed in NEW YORKREPORT No. 648-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3:30), which was pegged to the announcement.made by the head of the military government that, the par-. liamentary elections would be postponed.

6. Carter Refused to Have Negotiations with North Korea without the participation of South Korea, WASHINGTON REPORT No. 288 (Orshansky, W 3) pointed out. It was noted that this refusal was in connection with a letter to Carter from Tito which suggested that the American administration meet with representative: from North Korea to discuss the question of the two Koreas.

7. Disarmament. GENEVA REPORT (Mickelson, M 4) discussed the beginning of the three sided negotiations between the United States, the Soviet Union and Gmilt Britain to draft a comprehensive nuclear test ban. The program highlighted a speech by a Mexican representative on the necessity on the necessity of changing the structure and methods of the disarmament committee.

8. The Conferences of the World Bank and the International Nonet Aind were the topic of ECONOMIC OBSERVER No. 279-77 (Dreier, NY 3), which also reviewed the condition of the world economy pointing out that the situation has improved considerably since last year.

9. .Great Britain.: LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 4:30) was pegged to the .Labour Party Congress and discussed thereasons. for the recent improvement in the.financial situation in the country.

D. CULTURAL, spciAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF LION-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

None.

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 9:30) consisted of C-1(Bens, M 4:30) and C-3 (Bensi, M 5).

gk/SLs 6

NEWS COVERAGE

All RrE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories in their newsciits ofOetober 3:

Israel's Foreign Minister.Moshe:Dayan.Charged today that the U:S. .had Changed itS.policy over the Palestinian issue- and, that this change posed a "great.danger" to Israel's existence.

Indira Gandhi has been arrested.

The hijacking of that Japanese airliner:has ende.d. in Algiers.

Delegates from 33 European states plus-the.U.S. and Canada are in .Delgrade for the opening tomorrow of a conference which will review implementation of the Helsinki agreement.'

The Central' Committee of the Soviet Communist Party today approved the amended draft of. a new constitution which Is to be discussed at a special session of parliament beginning tomorrow.

The Workers' Defense Committee in Poland As turptng itself into a human rights group.

Negotiators from the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain met in Geneva today for. talks on a comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty.

The Hungarian and Italian Communist Party leaders have stressed the importance of independence in relations between parties.

More violence in Rime has left a policeman wounded'.

The communist leader of Cambodia said in Peking today that his country has been involved in a number of border clashes.'

East Germany and Czechoslovakia have a new' friendship treaty.

Ethiopia says it will keep on fighting until. Somalia withdraws or gives up its expansionist aims.

A Polish cardinal today criticized communist restrictions on religious education.

- RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO 236

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 236 for Tuesday, 4 October 1977 J. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS-- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Brezhnev's Report on the Revised Draft of the New Soviet Constitution was the topic of NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 5:30). Special reference was made to the proposed amendments that were rejected by the Constitutional Commission; for example, the incorporation into the constitution of the concept of a single Soviet nation and the abolition of the right of the Union Republics to secede and to maintain relations with foreign countries. The program emphasized that as these rights were only theoretical, their retraction by the commission indicates a preference for preserving the altruistic fictiOn rather than an enlightened view toward the nationalities. A survey of the problems facing the USSR in both the'domestic and foreign spheres was presented. The conclusion reached was that the revised draft of the new Soviet constitution does not reflect the real situation in the country and thus will be of no help in solving the actual internal and foreign relations.

2. Human Rights.. NOTE (Fedoseyev, 'M3':30)'pointed out the irony of the simultaneous appearance of Brezhnev's report on the democratic character of the new Soviet constitution and a.Sakharov appeal testifying to the daily violation of civil and human rights. The Sakharov appeal to the participating countries at the Belgrade conference was excerpted. In this appeal he described the continuing poor record of the Soviet Union in fulfilling the CSCE human rights provisions and called upon the countries at the conference to take a firm line on human rights. 2 -

The arrest of Ukrainian writer and cinematographer Geliy Snegiryov was reported in PARIS REPORT (NekrasOv, P 4), which gave the background of the literary activities of Snegiryov and noted that his arrest was foreshadowed by an article' in Literaturnava Ukraina which attacked Snegiryov's reputation as a writer and a human rights fighter.

NOTE (Matusevich, M 3:30) reviewed the Agapov case and highlighted the announcement of a hunger strike by the members. of the Agapov family still in the Soviet Union who have not been allowed to join their family members in Sweden. The 'program cited a report in the Dagens Nyheter on the hunger strike, and noted that the family declaration of a hunger strike was forwarded,to the Bel- grade conference with copies to Brezhnev and Shchelokov.

A talk, with psychiatrist Marina Vcikhanskaya was featured in GUEST OF THE WEEK No. 49 .(Rudolf,. NY .18). The program noted that together with Leonid Plyushch Valzhanskaya testified at World Congress of.PsychiatriSts'in. Honolulu where a resolution Was passed condemning the misuse Of psychiatry for political purposes, despite opposition,from the Soviet and East European delegations. In this talk Voikhanskaya.discussed her past in the Soviet Union, her work there in psychiatry and her reasons for leaving the USSR.

LITERATURE OF MORAL RESISTANCE No. 59 (Svirsky, NY 13) dealt with the historical beginnings of samizdat, focusing on the contributions of Alexandr Ginzburg, who published three issues of Syntax in 1960 before his arrest, and of Yuri Galanskov, who was responsible for the publishing of Phoenix. The program commented on the effect of the Sinyavsky-Daniel trial on such publications, which changed from being.predominahtly literary to sharply political.

Women and Religion. CONTEMPORARY WOMAN No. 42 (Gordin and Antic, M 9:30) discussed the atheistic propaganda directed specifically at women in.the Soviet Union.

3. Soviet-American Cultural Exchanges and related problems were the topic of a report compiled by a Twentieth Century Fund special commission published in Fortune and featured in PROBLEMS OF DETENTE No. 49 (Dudin, NY 9:30).

4. The Twentieth Anniversary of the Soviet Sputnik Launching was observed in NOTE (Finkelstein, M 3), which discussed the Soviet exploitation of its scientific achievements for propagandistic purposes. 5. Emigre Press Review. REVIEW OF THE FOREIGN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE PRESS No. 58 (Shaiovich, M 13:30) excerpted an article from Novv Zhurnal which gave biographical informatim on Russian icon painter Grigory Kruge and discussed icon painting, and an article from Novoe Russkoe Slovo about the building of a Kalmyk Buddhist church in the United States.

6. The Results of Archbishop of Canterbury Cocman's Visit to the Soviet Union were discussed in LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 4:30) which noted that he met with the representatives of many religious groups and reviewed his role in the ecumenical movement.

7. FOREIGN COMMUNISTS IN MOSCOW (KUshev, L 7:30) featured reminiscences of meetings with an enthusiastic Italian Communist ' in Moscow, who made excuses for the Soviet Union's conduct in the Sinyavsky-Daniel affair, the invasion of Czecholovakia and other human rights matters. After the Italian Communist was asked why the PCI did not support Soviet dissidents, 'he replied that "you have your business and we have ours." The author noted that when he had occasion to be in Italy after, having emigrated from theSSoviet Union, he contacted the same Italian Communist who refused to meet with him after having heard that he had' emigrated.

8. The Re-discovery of Vasiliev, a Russian emigrant artist, was the topic of an article in The New York Times cited in ART AND LITERATURE No. 550 ;(Lvov, NY 9:30), which was pegged to a July exhibition of his work in New. York's Kennedy Gallery.

9. N. Matvevev's "A Moldavian Gypsy Girl" was featured in THEY SING No. 572 (Mitina, M 4:30).

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF 'COMMUNIST AFFAIRS-:

1. International Communism. NOTE (Bensi, M 4) commented on Berlinguer's talks with Kadar in Budapest, highlighting excerpts from their joint communique which asserted the necessity for a. free and sincere exchange of opinions and full respect for the independence of each CP. The program pointed out that the "exchange of opinions" clause signifies that the foreign CPs have the right to disagree with the CPSU on such questions as the occupation of Czechoslovakia or the persecution of dissidents. It was noted that Kadar's position onEurocommunism differs from that of the CPSU. Reference was made to a Radar interview in the Frankfurter Rundschau in which he asserted that West European communists are searching for a better means of constructing socialism. This is not only their right, he emphasized, but their obligation. -4-

2. Polish , Human Rights. NOTE (Feodseyeva, K2:30) gave the background of the formation and subsequent activities of the Polish Workers', Defense Committee, pointing to its success in persuading the Polish governmentto declare an amnesty for several of those arrestedin connection .with participation in . the June. 1976 food riots. It was noted that despite the appeals of PUWP press organs to the Committee to cease its activities, .the meMbers of the Committee declared 4 Campaign to restore the rights, and jobs to all those who.had been arrested and then givenamnesty.. Due to the gradual broadening of the Committee's activities from the 'defense 'of the workers to the. defense of all those 'whose rights are being violated, the decision was made to change the name of the group to the Committee for Social Self-. *Defense.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

l. The Opening of the Belgrade Conference was discussed in BELGRADE REPORT (Perouansky, M 3:30) which excerpted Miniq' speech, gave background of the conference and the groundwork laid at Helsinki and pointed out that the Western countries will be avoiding direct confrontation with the Soviet Union on matters pertaining to human rights.

France's expectations for the Belgrade conference were discussed in PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4:30),which excerpted an interview with Giscard in Newsweek in which he criticized Carter's ideological approach to detente and cited commentaries from Le Figaro and Le Matin.,

The Belgrade Conference was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Vandy, Matusevich, and Bensi, M 4:30) which excerpted articles from the Sueddeutsche Zeitung. The Times (London) and the Dagens Nyheter.

2. The Middle East was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Predtechevsky and Bensi, M 3:30) which excerpted articles from The Washington Post, The Times (London) and the Stuttgarter Zeitunq.

3. The Fall Session of the French Parliament will discuss measures to protect French citizens' freedom from possible violations in connection with crime control measures, PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 2:30) pointed out. The program dealt with the activities of a special parliamentary commission entitled "computers and civil freedom" which investigated the possible misuse of computers which store data onthe private lives of French citizens and noted draft bills under consideration to protect the citizen from an invasion of his privacy. 4. The American Role in the Horn of Africa was the topic of an article in The New York Times which was excerpted in ARTICLE (Predtechvsky, M 5).

5 .UN REPORT No. -146-77 (Bykovsky, NY 5 featured excerpts of Carter's speech,.

6. The Labotir Party Congress was the topic of LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 3:30) which highlig49.d portions of the Callaghan speech.

D. CULTURAL,.SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

S 1. Recent American Accidents in Space were discussed in NEW YORK REPORT No.653-77 (Muslin, NY 3:30) which gave a review of American satellite programs.

PRESS REVIEW (Vardy, Matusevich, Bensi, and Predtechevsky, M 8) consisted of C-1 (\Tardy, Matusevich and Bensi, M 4:30) and C-2 (Predtechevsky ahd Bensi, M 3:30).

gk/SL

4- NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories in their neWscasts of Octobnr 4:

:; 1 .f; C k7 110 j1 ritr4d. before the . that . Am? ri ea w1.1.1 .e ':10 I., 1 1. t.vp.,.:row; iy sel f defense.

The P.t.cs1 don t al so reaffirmed America s comm.' tinont to Ts ry /Ind 101 I owed that up by meeting T.sm;:iil.

3ei.c,rade confer' nce- :is under way, The'. opening speeehr'r focnved n hUman rights and 111111. try matters.

1.11AszhneV has del'endpd the Soviet Cbnsti tulion against...Western erl t it I sm and has al so denounced prOmihent .Wes !Gel ii 1 ead rS ("Or i:r:v lig hiltrUin right in an ideological'crusadc. '111(.?' 10:Aders of Lho. 'Yugoslav and Italian parties..have repatc., !.!! ir Elr41: ther.:, is more than one road to commnnism.

1chn 11. .1.101%-mse ere tary wi 11 . Iisit Yhgos.1 a.v la next week - 'id I ra itandhi has been freed hut the government sa;is the. ’h 0Clihr-L hor hq.':0 not been dropped.

dapan rerortedly-pl ans to express its hope that Algeria wil! r0.1.01) 111(.r, hijacl 'r$ wellas, the ransom money.

liohnrt 11a.1 qoann his reportedly been permitt,.,A to -1.ave hi s home- ! or ln nom tWin a month.

The Arehhi,Thep of Canterbury says, he voiced his denp hUnan. rights during: his visit to the Soviet'Unton

lilt: 'MITA vucrrillas :in Angola say they have scored new gains nn the hal:LIn1j:s1d.

Cml'od 1 an Premier Vol Pot arrived . in .1)yongyang today to 'her] n his rirt:st ,wri0131 ,iit to forth Korpa..

ri'11110 M Lu I ster Cal laghan today appealed to 'unions and manac;ors a1 it to t!i. they .support his government or vote it out cif 11 omoiIli a.

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 237

(A summary of the news coverage by the: Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 237 for Wednesday, 5 October 1977 J. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Human Rights. A report compiled by the World Conference on the Problems of Soviet Jews on the situation of Jews in the So- viet Union was highlighted in LONDON REPORT (Vovchok, L 3:30), which reviewed emigration statistics,noting that the Soviet government often refers to its national security interests as a pretext to block emigration. The program also discussed the more subtle opposition to Jewish' culture and religion within the Soviet Union pointing out that the country has no Jewish schools and no Jewish cultural organizations.

Religion in the Soviet Union was the subject of NOTE (Rahr, M 9:30),which highlighted portions of the Archbhishop of Canter- bury's London press conference held at the conclusion of his trip to the Soviet Union. It was pointed out that although the head of the Anglican Church noted the relative lack of churches in relation to the population of believers in the USSR and presented the, chairman of the Soviet Council on Religious Affairs with a list of the names of those who have been persecuted forrn their religious, convictions, nevertheless he stated that there is more religious freedom in the Soviet Union now than there was a few-years ago. The program contrasted this mdiplo- maticuappraisal with the views held by the heads of the Christian Committee in Defense of the Rights of Believers in the USSR who sent'.their views to the Constitution Commission in June asking that the new constitution give more rights to believers than the Stalin constitution.' It was noted that their points of view were not reflected in the revised draft of the constitution. The program also made extensive reference to the petition to be presented at Belgrade by the International Christian Solidarity Organization which called for measures to secure the freedom of - believers in all the signatory countries. Andrei Sinyavsky's A Voice from the Chorus continued to be read in WE ABROAD No. 63 (Sinyavsky and Rozanova, M 25).

A Podrabinek's.Punitive Medicine continued to be read in DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME No. 137 (Burshtein, M 26:30).

V. Yerofeyev's Moscow-Petushki continued to. be read in UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 757 (Kunta, M 22:-30).

Okudzhava's Old Coat- and Sentimental March were featured in THEY SING No. 574 (Mitina, M 4) .

2. Soviet Internal Politics. NOTE (Kroncher, M 4:30) focused on Brezhnev's statement that the workers' collective is not only an economic unit but is the fundamental political organization of SoViet society. The program contrasted the ideal implied in Brezhnev's concept of the collective with the increasingly clear reality that Soviet society is taking on the characteri6tias of a consumer society; that is, one works in order to live better rather than living in order to work. It was pointed out that the principal task of the collective is working while the rights of the collective seem only to do with improving the conditions for this work.

The Supreme Soviet session was the topic of NOTE (Predtechevsky,

M 4:30), which commented on the elements of the continuation of the Brezhnev personality cult, and cited speculation from The International Herald Tribune, The Times (London) and the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitunq on possible Brezhnev successors.

The results of the CPSU CC plenum was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Matusevich, M 0:30), which cited an article from Svenska Daq- bladet.

The new Soviet constitution was a subject of PRESS REVIEW (Mannheim, Rahr and Predtechevsky, M 3:30), which excerpted articles from the Sueddeutsche Zeitunq, Le Figaro and The Daily Telegraph.

3. American-Soviet Scientific Exchange, WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1030 (Savemark, W 5:30) noted that an American mathematician Melvin Nathanson, was denied an entry visa to the Soviet Union shortly before he was to take part in a scientific exchange program planned under a 1972 Soviet-American agreement. The program used tape-cuts of the reaction by the State Department representative Hodding Carter and by Nathanson, who emphasized his energetic support for scientific exchange programs while bemoaning conditions existing between the two countries which inhibit scientists from freely travelling from one country to 'another. -3

4. Soviet-American Negotiations Concerning the Indian Ocean WASHINGTON REPORT No. 290 (Orshansky, W 3) noted that the Soviet Union and the. United States have agreed to retain the military status quo in the Indian Ocean zone. The program excerpted the State Department view,using tape-cuts to cite Hodding Carter.

5. PARTY HISTORY No. 19 (Avtorkhanov, M 14:30) dealt with. early party policies on robberies and other criminal actions endorsed

by Lenin in his famous resolution made at the 4th party congress. Lenin's The program also discussed resolutions which contradicted testament concerning anarchistic means of fighting for communism.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. International Communism. NOTE (Bensi, M 4:30) discussed Berlinguer's visit to Yugoslavia and his negotiations with Tito. Special reference was made to the section of the communique issued at the close of the meetings which emphasized that Berlinguer and Tito fully support those fighting for the right of each CP to freely and independently choose its path and methods of fighting for socialism.

Currencies 2. East European Stores Which Require Payment in Western a were the topic of NOTE (Vardy, M 3:30), which made reference to report in Der Spiegel about the development of this sector of social the East German internal market. The program focused on the

discontent triggered by the growth in popularity of these so-called "Intershop"stores.

Kriz 3. "The East and Black Africa." an article by Stanislav published in the " Czechoslovak emigre magazine Svedectvi

was excerpted in FOR YOUR FREEDOM AND FOR OURS No. 68 (Silnitsicaya, Union NY 12:30). The article dealt with the striving of the Soviet and the East European countries for hegemony in Black Africa.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Democracy and Human Rights. NOTE (Matusevich, M 4:30) discussed a meeting at Oslo University planned to coincide with the opening of the Belgrade conference which included the participation of government and party officials and representatives from labor unions and women's and youth organizations. The meeting was devoted to the fight for democracy and human rights. The principal speech was made by one of the leaders of the ruling Workers' Party 4 -

Guttor Hansen, who criticized the slow progress in the human rights field after the signing of the .CSCE Final Act. The program also made reference to the Norwegian parliamentary themorandum entitled Norway and the International Defense of Human Rights which called for making support for human rights an integral part of Norwegian foreign policy.

2. The Belgrade Conference was the topic of BELGRADE REPORT (Perouansky, M 5:30), which noted that the Yugoslav delegate to the conference observed that national sovereignty should not serve as an obstacle to the observation of human rights. The speeches of the representatives from Holland, Norway and Sweden were excerpted and the portions of their addresses dealing with these countries' policies on human rights were stressed.

The Belgrade conference was discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 1:30) which used an article from:Corriere della Sera.

Congressman Dante Fascell's article on the Belgrade meeting published in The Baltimore Sun was highlighted in NEW YORK REPORT No. 654-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3:30).

3. The Indira Gandhi Affair was discussed in NEW YORK REPORT No. 656 (Shilaeff, NY a), which noted her arrest and consequent release. The program pointed out that Gandhi exploited the arrest for its full dramatic potential, and leveled a series of charges Of corruption against the new government. The events were also taken to indicate Prime Minister Desai's firm determination to follow through with his promise to investigate the abuse of power within the framework of government.

4. Antisemitism in the Bundeswehr was the topic of NOTE (Predte- chevsky, M 4),which reported that eleven students have been re- op moved from a higher officers' school in Munich for a display of antisemitism. Reference was made to an article from the Frankfurter Rundschau which had charged that an anti-semitic mood prevailed in segments of the student body at the Munich officers' school.

5. The Middle East. UN REPORT No. 147-77 (Bykovsky, NY 4) surveyed international reaction to the joint Soviet-American statement on the Middle East acknowledging Palestinian rights.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

None.

PRESS REVIEW (Matusevich, Mannheim, Rahr, Predtechevsky and Bensi, M 5:30) consisted of A-2 (Matusevich, M :30), A-2 (Mannheim, Rahr and Predtechevsky, M 3:30) and C-.2 (Bensi, M 1:30).

gk/SL wie

- 5 -

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of October 5: reconvening tho ...Jimmy Carter says chances have improved for Genova conference but a difficult job is still ahead. Wednesday' Speeches by West Germany and'CtechoslOvakia highlighted afternoon's session of the 'Belgrade conference.

President Carter has-signed.two.human rights. convenants, relations Edvard Kardelj has .said conditions exist for improving with Washington. . 110 Union has U.S. 'Defense Secretary Harold Brown says the Soviet space.. developed the ability to destroy.some, U.S. sattellites i.n today in Energy ministers of 19 Western industrial countries met energy crisis. Paris .to dtscUss.how to head, off a 'possible future

East and West Cermany.agreed'today to open formal negotiations soon on improving their relations. are strongly The leaders of Czechoslovakia and East Germany say they movement: opposed to.all campaigns intended to split the communist week. Some 'eoal miners in Silesia reportedly did not work last

Britain's Labam.Party has gone on record as favoring abolishing tho hOUSP of Lords. re- Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi unconditionally Former western leased yesterday by a court, left for a speaking tour of si,atos.today. in The leader 'of a militant Irish organization was assassinated .Dnhlin today. ciscp. Its sL

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 238

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 238 for Thursday, 6 October 1977 J. Vale

CULTURkL: A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND poitled 1. The Supreme Soviet Session. NOTE (Matusevich, M 5) speeches at out that many writers were called upon to present their the Supreme Soviet session and that a good portion of constitution: reports dealt with the section of Brezhnev's draft program high- which deals with'polemics with foreign media. The and lighted excerpts of the speeches made by several writers, speeches. drew the conclusion that the concern voiced in their reflected over the intrusion of foreign mediain their country general and in the significance of foreign radio broadcasts in an,:i particular of those by emigrant Soviet writers, activists human rights and culture.). figures. (Bensi, The Supreme Soviet Session was.a topic of PRESS REVIEW Science M 2),. which excerpted an article from The Christian Monitor.

the Council 2. the Discussion of the New Soviet Constitution in M 5:30), of the Nationalities was the topic of NOTE (Vardy, re- . which excerpted the speeches made .by 'various nationality out that presentatives on the new constitution. It was pointed observations they were all. laudatory, and contained no. "critical" the Armenian on the new document.. For example, the president of of Academy of Sciences made a speech about the achievements sciences have Soviet science, without mentioning that the natural originating been held somewhat in check due to the controls imposed noting that from political considerations: The program closed indeed im- the new constitution does have articles which could rights -- prove the Soviet citizen's life -- articles on civil constitution and expressed the hope that these sections of the will not be ignorecl.- -2

M27) 3. Human Rights. SAMIZDAT REVIEW No. 297 (Fedoseyeva, group featured material compiled by the Moscow CSCE monitoring collection on the misuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, a zoologist and of samizdat material on the fate of an Estonian linguist, Mart Niklus, and two appeals by another Estonian, organiz- Erik Udam, proposing the formation of an international ation for the monitoring of the CSCE Final Document.

the CSCE Soviet violations of the human rights provisions in in Final Document were the topic of an article by Sakharov

The New York Times, featured in NEW YORK REPORT No. 658-77 (Zuckerman, NY 4:30).

topic of The dissident movemep.t in the. Soviet Union was the in an article by Vladimir Soloviev. and Elena Klepikovaya 655-77 The New York Times. featured in NEW YORK REPORT No. (Gendler, NY 5) .

Sentimental Okudzhava's Do You Hear the Crashing of Boots and

March were featured in THEY SING No. 570 (Mitina, M 4:30).

OF 4. Soviet-African Relations were analyzed in PROBLEMS discused DEVELOPING COUNTRIES No. 84 (Pusta, M 10:30) which that African the spread of tall forms of Marxism in Africa noting ties governments are supporting diplomatic, political and trade Yugoslavia and not only with the USSR and China, but also with amc,ng Cuba. It was opined that Africa occupies a high position interests. the Soviet Union's foreign political and strategic representatives Reference was made to the participation of the Theoretical from 14 African CPs at the Prague International strategy to Conference last June. The program reviewed Soviet "specialists" gain influence in Angola with the help of Cuban these tactics di and posited that the Soviet Union itends to repeat African affair elsewhere. Instances where Soviet interference in in Ethiopia and has backfired were cited, such as the situation relations Somalia, Zaire's demonstrative breaking diplomatic specialists, with Cuba and the GDR, Sudan's expulsion of Soviet machinations a Nigerian representative's complaint against the president's of "so-called friends of Africa" and the Sudanese warning against socialist imperialism.

focused 5. Soviet-Italian Relations. NOTE (Bensi, M 5), the on the current negotiations in Rome on Italy granting that Soviet Union commercial credit. It was pointed out would receive' according to the Italian proposal, the Soviet Union year,in 1978 250, 200 and 200 million dollars in credit this Union and 1979, respectively, on the condition that the Soviet use this credit to buy Italian industrial equipment.

GUEST OF THI-f, 6. A Talk with Viktor Korchnoi was featured in discussed his WEEK No. 50 (Rudolf, NY 15), in which Korchnoi his reasons for not wanting to return to the Soviet Union, the up- victories this year over Petrosian and Polugaevsky and currently coming match with Spassky. It was noted that he is the negotiating with Bobby Fischer to arrange a match with former world champion.

AFFAIRS: B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST Countries of Eastern 1. The Situation of Human Rights in the 2), which Europe was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Mannheim, M Zeitung. excerpted an article from the Frankfurter Allgemeine

the re- Polish dissidents. NOTE (Vardy, M 5) was pegged to into organization of the Polish Workers' Defense Committee reviewed the Committee for Social Self-Defense. The program formation the incidents leading to the original committee's renaming approximately a year ago, and emphasized that this

does not constitute the cessation of tie organization's program, activities but rather represents a broadening of its and the inclusion of new tasks and goals.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

(Perouansky, M 1. The Belgrade Conference. BELGRADE REPORT and Yuri 7:30) highlighted the speeches by Arthur Goldberg delegation Vorontsov. The speech by the head of the American rights violations. was principally devoted to the problem of human his speech which The program made special reference to portionsof and the dealt with the continuing jamming of foreign broadcasts It. worsening emigration records of the socialist countries- comparin was pointed out that the. Vorontsov speech was pale by necessity of contained no new elements. He spoke about the and in the disarmament,. -detente and international cooperation fields of economy, culture, science, etc.

(Bensi, M 2), The Belgrade meeting was a topic of PRESS REVIEW which excerpted an article from The New York Times

Agency was 2. The Second Session of the International Energy the the topic of PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4:30), which reviewed initiative background of this organization formed in 1974 on the front to of Henry Kissinger in an attempt to organize a united possibiu protect the countries which must import their oil from -

- 4-

did not steep oil price increases., It was added that France was a "private join this organization citing Guiringaud that it outlined organization not doing anything useful." The program on and the points which the session's participants agreed part opined that France would regret its decision not to take in the organization's work.

topic of LONDON 3. The. British Labour Party Congress' was the congress REPORT (Chugunov, L 300), which pointed out.that the been evidenced - gave a stronger impression of party unity than has change in the. for a lOng time. Callaghan was cited pointing to a although, he economic climate based onall financial indicators', reviewed a added, it is not.yet detectable. The' program also

number Of the other speeches made at the congress.

Conference 4. 'American Defense Minister 'Harold Brown's Press excerpted in on the agenda for, his upcoming trip, to Europe was NEW YORK REPORT No, 659-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3).

Those Involved in 5. The Shortening of the Prison Sentences for REPORT No. 265 the Watergate Affair was discussed in WASHINGTON (Beloberodov, W 4).

(Bensi and Mann- ,6. The Middle East was a topic of PRESS REVIEW della Sera heim, M 1) which excerpted articles from the Corriere and The New. York Times.

the Vatican 7. The Fifth Meeting of the Episcopal Synod at the contents was the topic of NOTE (Rahr, M 6), which reviewed out that the of the speeches made on the occasion and pointed the Soviet Catholics of Lithuania, Latvia and other sections of Union were not directly represented.

NON-COMMUNIST D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF COUNTRIES: was featured in 1. A Biographical Sketch of Vicente Aleixandre poet's receipt NOTE (Matusevich, M 3:30), pegged to this Spanish of the Nobel Prize for literature.

in KUZENTSOV'S 2. Living Conditions in England were discussed conveniences TALK No. 197 (Kuzentsov, L 12:30), which noted many which are common in the West. -5-

3. Andrew Farkajp, the 17-Year-Old President of "Data-Mini Corporation " was the subject of CONTRIBUTION TO "ZA RUBEZHOR SERIES" No. 24 (Storozhenko, NY 6).

4. Television Programmer Fred Silverman was the focus of AMERICA - DEEDS AND PEOPLE No. 64 (Navrozov, NY 9), which di

cussed his views on the reasons for the successes and failures of various American television programs.

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Mannheim, M 7) consisted of A-1 (Bensi, and M 2), B-1 (Mannheim, M 2),C-1 (Bensi, M 2) and C-6 (Bensi Mannheim, M 1).

gk/SL ,

1,a NEWS COVERAGE

All RrE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 6 October 1977:

The .U.S. delegate to Belgrade emphasized human tights in A his speech, The Soviet delegate barely mentioned it..

Nobel Peace Prize winner Andrei Sakharov has complained in a' telegram to the Belgrade. conference that the alleged house arrest of a' number of Soviet Jews is a violation of their fundamental rights.

A spokesman for.the'PLO is quoted as. saying, some Palestinians who do not belong to the PLO could be among those taking part in any new Middle East peace conference, The Nobel Prize for Literature has been awarded to Spanish poet Vicente Aleixandre.

There was a row between the Romanian government and UNESCO in Paris today.

British Foreign Secretary David Owen says detente has lost momentum.

Leading non-communist industrial countries today agreed to hold down their oil imports in the coming decade.

Bishops at the synod have been complaining about the problems of teaching religion in Marxist States.

The Spanish cabinet has been completing an economic emergency program which it hopes the opposition parties will support.

Another court in the U.S. has ruled in, favor of the Concorde.

The Hungarian and Polish leaders have emphasized the importance of applying the principles of last year's Berlin conference.

*South African police arrested more than 150 black youths as anti -government unrest continued in various parts of the country today.

*) The' Polish BD did not use this'item.

ths RADIO LIBER'lf4k DAitY iIROADCA ..ANALySIS NO. 239 , (A summary of'.the.news, coverage ,.by the Russian- language programming nappears at the end Of the WO

Russian Daiiy.:.BrgadcaSVAnalySiSTNO:. 239 for -Friday, 7 October 1977: J. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS porarrICAL BCONOMI9, OCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Human Rights. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1032 (Savemark, W 4) noted that 35 American Congressmen ,sent a letter to Brezhnev requesting that exit visas ,be issued to'Abrahara Stolyard and his fanny. This pensioner came to the Soviet Union with his parents in 1931. Only upon his retirementin 1975 did he decide to leave the Soviet Union with his family. The family was issued exit visas, but then were stopped at the airport by Soviet authorities who prevented their leaving on the grounds that Stolyard's wife, a chemist, had had access to secret information; a claim which she categorically denies.

The fate of a geneticist. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TODAY No. 110 (Muslin, NY 13:30) featured the first part of an interview with Raisa Lvovna Berg, an internationally known Soviet genetiCiet, who was forced to leave the Soviet Union in 1974. In this interview, she described the persecution of geneticists during the Stalin era, and how she continued her genetic investigations secretly. In 1958 she sent a report based on her research to the 10th International Congress of Geneticists and was consequently invited to a university of her choice in the US or Canada in the capacity of professor. Not receiving permission to emigrate, she worked at a Soviet university and was -subjected to persecution after Stalin's death. Berg recounted her experiences working in Novosibirsk where she was persecuted for "dissident activities" which consisted in having been one out of 46 signatories of a letter to the Supreme Soviet in defense of Ginzburg, Galanskov, Dobrovolsky and Lyuashkaya. - 2

The Honolhlu world congress of GAL/CH AT psychiatrists was the topic THE MICROCPHONE (Galich, of the belated P 8:30), which was Soviet media coverage pegged to ference, of the events at this including a discussion con- criticizing of the passing of a the Soviet Union resolution political for the misuse of purposes. The psychiatry for was Soviet press charged the work of imperialist that this resolution and Zionist circles, presented the opinion and as evidence of the Austrian Prof. attended the Honolulu Harris, who neither conference nor had presented. Harris access to the materials lauded Soviet psychiatry in Soviet mental and the conditions hospitals on the basis during a trip of what he had seen to the Soviet Union the Soviet initiated by an invitation Ministry of Health. from hospitals A song by Galich on Soviet concluded the program. mental How does one become a P dissident? CULTURE, 9) examined this EVENTS, PEOPLE (Gladilin, theme making frequent lev's book Khranit' references to Lev Kope- echr; published by lishers, and the the American Ardis pub- personal history of Kopelev, in 1945 for writing who was arrested anti-Soviet propaganda. The samizdat autobiography of Ovsishcher in JEWISH CULTURAL continued to be featured AND SOCIAL LIFE No... 234 (Ovsishcher, M 6). A. Podrabinek's Punitive DOCUNENTS Medicine continued to be OF OUR TIME No. read in 13-6-(giii-shtein, M 27); A. Yerofeyev's Mosc -Petushka WORKS continued to be read OF SOVIET AUTHORS in UNPUBLISHED No. 758 (Kunta, M 27). Vysotsky's galg_of the Akhilessov SING No. Monument was featured 558 (Mitina, 146). in THEY

2. The New Soviet Constituti which n was the topic doubted that the of NOTE (Rahr, M 6) wide const1tution reflected discussion. The the results of nation- for program reviewed several protection of human samizdat suggestions and civil rights to the document which be incorporated into were not at all reflected in the final text. The adoption of a new Soviet TODAY constitution was a topic (Shitikov, M 1). of WORLD

3. Kuznetsov Was Chosen Vice-President. reported, tracing VOTE (Rehr, M 5:30) Kuznetsov's career chev and Brezhnev through the Stalin, Khrush- eras and noting his the Soviet foreign successes and failures on policy front. The the significance program pointed out that and duties of his not clear. newly created position are ea Kuzentsov's appointment was a subject of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Vardy, M 2), which cited articles from The Financial Times and the Muenchner Merkur.

4. The Soviet -American Agreement to Work on 'á 'Joint Proiect for the Creation of an Artificial Heart was the topic of NEW YORK REPORT No. 660-77 (Muslin, NY 3), which pointed out that this agreement strengthens the ties between American and Soviet medicine which began five years ago when the American-Soviet agreement on joint undertakings in the field of medicine was signed. It also represents a further development of the agreements between the two countries to cooperate in the areas of the scientific research in and the construction of an artificial heart which was signed three years ago in Moscow. The program reviewed American and Soviet progress in: this branch of medicine.

5. British Foreign Secretary. Owen's Trio to the Soviet Union was the focus of LONDON REPORT (hovchok, L 3:30), which reviewed Owen's activities in the support of human rights and excerpted his article in The Times (London) on the same topic.

6. The Soviet Scientific-Technological Exhibit in Paris was the subject of PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4:30), which reviewed the contents of the exhibit and the heavy emphasis placed on political propaganda. The program opined that the Paris exhibition would have been more successful if its organizers had spent less time in preparing the ideological sauce and devoted more effort to the main course.

7. The Emigrant Russian Poet. Oleg Chukhontsev, was the subject of NAUM KORZHAVIN TALKS No. 18 (Korzhavin, NY 7), which included excerpts from his poetry,

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. China was the topic of NEW YORK REPORT No. 671-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3:30), which noted the recent reshuffling among the officials commanding the armed forces in China. Special reference was made to the appointments of Wei Ho-tsin and Yan Yung, the latter of whom is speculated toloe a possible candidate for Teng Hsiao- ping's position.

Chinese foreign policy. NEW YORK REPORT No. 663-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3) highlighted the accounts of meetings between American journalists and Chinese government officials during which the Chinese side took a very hard line against the American Taiwan policy. It was noted that they also categorically denied the possibility of a lessening of tensions between China and the Soviet Union, -although, they added, there have been no recent border skirmishes. - 4 -

2. The Ultra-Left Congress in Bologne was the topic of ON MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS No. 263 (Maltsev, M 9). The congress was attended by thousands of young people from all over Italy, and included representatives from leftist organizations from Germany, England, and a number of other countries. The theme was "government and repression" and the first report was the subject of the "Italian Bourgeois Repressive Government." The program pointed out that this "bourgeois represssive government" had allowed the young revolutionaries to use the huge sport palace for their meetings. Bologne, it was explained, had not been chosen by chance but rather because it is the center of "the red region of Italy," the local administration of which has been in communist hands for years.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Belgrade Conference was the topic of BELGRADE REPORT (Perouansky, M 6), which noted the closing of the so-called ceremonial part of the conference which included opening speeches by the heads of delegations of more' than 30 countries. The program focused on the East-West conflict over human rights, .with the West wanting to strengthen the points dealing with the protection of' human rights and the East either ignoring the question, or insisting that human rights are protected in their constitutions and that any criticism represents interference in their internal affairs.

The Scandinavian countries' emphasis on human rights at the Belgrade conference was the topic of NOTE (Matusevich, M 3:30) which cited speeches by the heads of the Swedish and Norwegian delegations. Essentially both countries affirmed their right c." and* intentioft 1 to protest human rights violations at the conference and that such protests did not constitute interference in the internal affairs of other governments. An article from lip Dagens Nvheter was cited, stating that Sweden greets the fact that finally human rights is occupying a place in international documents and meetings, and that the country does not doubt its right to criticize countries which are violating such rights.

Arthur Goldberg's speech at the Belgrade conference was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 2), which excerpted articles from The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph, and The Times (London).

2. The Economic Difficulties of Spain were the topic of NOTE (Bensi, M 5), which was pegged to Suarez'. calling upon all parties to combine their forces to ward off a worsening of the ecomomic situation. It was emphasized that his appeal was not only directed to the parties constituting the ruling union of ' the democratic center, but was meant for the opposition parties -- the socialists and the communists -- as well. The program likened the tendency to that of Italy, where, in the face of economic difficulties, all parties preferred to cooperate in the drafting of a joint program of action rather than to fall into unproductive polemics. 3. Human Rights. NEW YORK REPORT No. 670-77 (Gendler, NY 3:30) focused on the first All-American Conference on Human Rights which is taking place in New York, involving the participation of representatives from the leading American public rights organizations; the International League of Human Rights, the International Com- mittee to Aid Political Refugees, Freedom House, Amnesty Inter- national and Americans for Democratic Action. It was noted that the goal of this conference is to unite the many American rights organizations into a broad coalition.

The French parliament discussion on a draft bill guaranteeing rights and freedom was noted in PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 4:30) which highlighted several of the bill's features, including the strengthening of the right of French citizens to refuse service in the army if it contradicts their moral or religious convictions and the right of every person subject to persecution in his own country for his activities in defense of freedom and peace to political asylum in France.

4. The Middle East. NEW YORK REPORT No. 667-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3) discussed Carter's negotiations with Moshe Dayan, and cited Carter's assurance to the Israelis that the joint American-Soviet statement on the Middle East did not call for the participation of the PLO at the Geneva conference. The program noted in this connection that the PLO has made concessions concerning its representation ,and participation at the Geneva conference.

The Middle East was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Mannheim, M 2), which excerpted articles from the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq and the Stuttqarter Zeitung.

5. American Defense. NEW YORK 'REPORT No. 668-77 (Davydov, NY 3) highlighted US Defense Minister Brown's decision to request Congress to grant an appropriation of 245-million dollars for the development of.a new missile system during the 1979 fiscal year. The program outlined the features of this new system and pointed out that its purpose is to preserve the American-Soviet military balance.

6. UN REPORT No. 148-77 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30) noted that Carter signed the International Agreement on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights and the International Agreement on Civil and Political Rights. The program offered background information on the contents of these two documents. D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COMMIES:

1. The Fall Jewish Holidays of Sukhot and Simkhat-Torah were the topic of JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 234 (Gordin, M 1) and JEWISH CULTURAL LIFE IN AMERICA No. 184 (Zuckerman, NY 8).

2. Sport in Israel was the topic of JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 234 (Perakh, Isr 5).

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, Vardy and Mannheim, M 6) consisted of A-3 (Bensi and Vardy, M 2), C-2 (Bensi, M 21 and C-4 (Mannheim, M 2).

WORLD TODAY (Greogry, M 59) included compiled first -run programa ming on the following topics: Kuznetsov's biography (Rahr, M 21.1130), the latest speeches at Belgrade (Perouansky, M 5), the letter sent to Brezhnev by American congressmen on the Stolyar case (Savemark, W3), Chinese foreign policy (Shilaeff, NY 3), a Soviet-American agreement on the joint development of an artificial heart (Muslin, NY 3), Carter's signing of two international pacts (Bykovsky, NY3), the discussion of the French code of human rights (Salkazanova, P2:30). the ultra-left rally in Bologne (Maltsev, M 4), how to become aCIdissident (Gladilin, P 4:30), Jewish holiday celebration (Zuckerman, NY 3:30), and excerpts from Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine.

gk/SL NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Us and RI/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of October 7:

The Belr,rade conference has pompleted.its first week of work with the Western speakers who took the podium this afternoon again emphasizing theamaim rights question.

Jimmy Carter says substantial progress has been made in talks on the Middle East.

The Soviet Union has a new constitution today and. Soviet President Leonid Brezhnev has a new deputy.

A member of the Lithuanian Helsinki group is said to have been charged with anti-Soviet acts.

Polish Party First Secretary Edward Gierek said today it was necessary to improve market supplies..

There are unconfirmed repbrtS,from'Prague of a trial later this morrn'of.nt least three luxman rights activists.

Edward Kardelj says the Soviet .UniOn has accepted the idea of nelprade'a independence from the two power blocs. their China and the Soviet Union have held talks on navigation on frontier rivers nnd hive agreed on some issues. that Spin' s Prime Minister Suarez today dismissed suggestions officers in the Spanish armed forces had been dismissed for publicly eritici.Ong his government. whether An Indian appeals court today agreed to hear argumenison former Prime Minister Gandhi should again be detained on charges of corruption. - The Common Market officials have called for monetary integration including a single currency - among the community's -nine members. -

ANALYSIS NO. 240 RADIO -LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST

by the Russian- (A summary of the news coverage at the end of the DSA.) language programming appears

No. 240 Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis 8 and 9 October 1977 s for Saturday and Sunday,

j. Vale

ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL: A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLrTICAL, NY 5) of October 9 adapted Human Rights. PANORAMA (Gendler, 1. on the Abe Stoller case. article from The Washington Post an in his early youth full of came to the Soviet Union Stoller With the passage of enthusiasm for socialist construction. various members of his family, his years and the arrest of States. decided to emigrate to the United enthusiasm waned and he necessary papers but their departure His family was issued the authorities at the last moment, alle- was blocked by the Soviet access to secret information. gedly because his wife had had

Jokubynas, NY 13:30) of October SPECIAL BROADCAST (Venclova, and Lithuanian poet Tomas Venclova in 8 featured a statement by members of the Soviet CSCE moni- connection with the arrests of Moscow, the Ukraine and Georgia toring groups in Lithuania, political prisoner Kestutis a statement by former Lithuanian and arrest of Lithuanian dissident Jokubynas in connection with the Antanas Terleckas.

M 2) SOVIET UNION NO. 187 (Henkina, WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE Sakharov contents of a telegram sent by October 8 reported the stand of participants calling for a firm to the Belgrade conference issues. by the West on human rights emigration "otkazniki" (those who applied for The life of the Kiev Stife in described in an article by William and were refused) was 5) of in PANORAMA (Zuckerman, NY The Saturday Review, excerpted October 9. (Matusevich, Kroncher,DeWharst, Rahr ROUND TABLE TALK No. 320 examined the role of human rights and Bensi, M 20) of October 9 and at the Belgrade conference. in the new Soviet constitution NY 9) of October 9 HELSINKI MONITORING GROUP No.4 (.Alekseeva, founding members of the gave short histories of some of the Alekseeva, Elena Bonner, Soviet CSCE monitoring group: Lyudmilla Anatoly Marchenko, Vitaly Pyotr Grigorenko, Aleksandr Korchak, Rubin and Vladimir Slepak.

be read in DOCUMENTS .Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine continued to of October 9. OF OUR TIME No. 139 (Burshtein, M 27)

SING No. 575 (Mitina, Matveyev's "Karavan" was featured in THEY M 4:30) of October 9.

read in THE UNPUBLISHED Yerofeyev's Moscow Petushki continued to be M 22:30) of October 9. WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 759 (Kunta,

analyzed in WEEKLY RADIO 2. The New Soviet Constitution was and Henkina, M 9) JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. 187 (Kroncher the role of the document of October 8. The program pointed to coinciding with the Belgrade as propaganda and opined that its Significance was attributed conference did not occur by chance. collective, which was moved to the provision on the workers' The collective was from the economic to the political division. in addition to its described as the unit of socialist society was pointed out that the role in the purely economic sphere. It against non -working article which strengthens the formulation labor) is incompatible citizens (those who decline socially useful 29, Article 60; a docu- with international labor convention No. ment signed by the Soviet Union.

-Presidency was a topic 3. Kuznetsov's Appointment to the Vice 187 (Rahr, M 5) WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. of his activities in offered a brief, biography and resume of Which pointed out that his Soviet foreign political sphere. It was the the usual apparatchik background is quite different from that of and worked at a Ford in that he studied in the United States key role in directing factory. However, it was noted that his is considered the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia the significance of his principal component of his biography. The observed as being yet appointment and of the post itself was unclear.

Soviet Sputnik Launching The Twentieth Anniversary of the 4. SOVIET UNION No. 187 observed in WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE was Khrushchev had lauded (Finkelstein, M 4) of October 9. Whereas is the best launching this launching with the words: "Socialism out that capitalism pad for flights into space," it was pointed The program briefly has proven to be a better "launching pad." triumphs, ariticizing reviewed both American and Soviet space for propaganda purposes. the Soviet_utilization of its successes 5. AmeriCan-Soviet.Relations. WORLD THIS WEEK No. 372 (Savemark, W 4) of October.8.pointed'to a further development of American - Soviet relations this week reflected in progress. toward a new .SALT agreement 'and in the issuing of a joint statement concerning the convening of the Geneva Middle'East.Peace talks, the contents. of which were reviewed..

6. The New Soviet Constitution and the Rights of the Republics and the Nationalities. ROUND TABLE TALK No. 319 (Rahr, Kalan- dadze, Kreicbergs and Danielov, M 20) of October 8 examined the question of whether the new constitution broadens the rights of the national republics. Kalandadze pointed to the constitution's greater centralization of the government apparatus, which was interpreted as a sign of less prerogatives for the union and autonomous republics. Kreicbergs spoke about the attempts of Latvian emigrants to remind the Belgrade meeting participants of the Soviet annexation of Latvia and the other Baltic states. Danielov emphasized the propagandistic nature of the new constitution and opined that it does not constitute a real change from'the old document.

7. Arms Sales. SIGNAL No. 439 (Predtechevsky and Kroncher, M 12) of October 9 adapted an article by Drew Middleton from The New York Times which was based on a recently published report by the CIA dealing with Soviet military deliveries to the countries of the third world. The report indicated that the Soviet leadership,in advertising their weapons, emphasizes the speed of delivery and their readiness to sell the most com- plicated weapon systems to virtually any third world country. Reference was also made to an article in the Neue Zuercher Zeitung on. the same topic.

8. History. LET US RETURN TO HISTORY No. 34 (Henkin, M 28:30) of October 8 discussed the events of the end of September and the beginning of October of 1917, during the period of the third coalition government. Although the government gave the appearance of having authority, it was already experiencing difficulties in . governing the country. The de facto power was moving into the hands of the Bolsheviks, who were gaining the support of the masses through their primitive thot4lconvincing agitation.

9. The Soviet "Establishment" in the Field of the Arts. 60 YEARS OF SOVIET REPRESENTATIONAL ART (Golomshtok, L 11) of October 8 discussed various figures among the Soviet artistic "establishment," remarking that the vast majority of such persons were people who had made their careers an the 30s and 40s, either by singing the praises of Stalinist socialism or by attacking art which did not make such a practice its main purpose. 10. Iosif Brodsky's New Book of Poetry, "A Part of Speech" was reviewed in THE WORLD OF POETRY No. 26 (Betaki, P 8) of October 8, which compared this new volume with the poet's previous work, using extensive excerpts from the new collection.

11. The Life and Work of Isaak Babel was discussed in FIFTY YEARS AGO THIS WEEK No. 158 (Gendler and Soloviev, NY 13:30) of October 9, in connection with a 1927 Soviet article describing the new literary generation of "poputchiki" (fellow travellers) writers, including Babel. The program pointed to his inability to reconcile the revolution with humanitarian ideals using excerpts from his work.

12. Mikhail M. Korvakov. RADIO SEMINAR No. 428 (Shragin, NY 13:30) of October 8 discussed the life and work of Koryakov, the former author of RADIO SEMINAR, who passed away this past August.

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. East European Journal No. 28 (\Tardy, M 20) of October 9 reported that the Romanian parliament passed a law allowing for the creation of "mixed" enterprises involving the cooperation of Romania and other countries both on Romanian soil and in the partner country. In this connection it was noted that many such enterprises already exist in the country. Romania's numerous foreign trade contacts were reviewed and it was pointed out that Romania was the first socialist country to invest significant sums in American companies. The program also reported that Hungary's trade with the FRG has increased so much that it is second only to the Soviet Union among Hungary's trade partners. An article from The New York Times on Hungary's capital investments in the American economy was excerpted. Develonments in the Polish human rights movement were dealt with, noting the reorga- nization of the Polish Workers' Defense Committee into the CommitteW for Social Self-Defense. The history of the committee was reviewed excerpting a samizdat document addressed to the Polish government concerning the death of two Krakow University students under suspicious circumstances. An article from Kultura (Paris) was cited attributing the Polish political situation to the interplay between three factors: the bankruptcy of the party's economic policies, the unceasing activities of the dissident and the power struggles and conflicts within the PUWP leadership. The program also reported the sentencing of two Czechoslovak human rights activists, Mathacek and Lastuvka, and the consequent protest from former Minister of Foreign liffairs, Hajek, in the form of an appeal to the present regime. Other protests were noted to include a letter signed by 136 Polish citizens. The program included Der Spiegel excerpts on the "Interschop" - an East German trade network sel- ling goods for Western currency - and a report on the findings of a Yugoslav public opinion poll on what its citizens feel about the society they live in.

No.25 2. The Situation in the GDR. PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONALISM Ionescu (Silnitsky, NY 8) of October 9 discussed a book by G. which entitled The Politics of European Communist Governments manifest describes cycles of development in these countries which political themselves in periodic agitation for greater economic and GDR freedom. This thesis was illustrated with examples from greater history including the 1953 movement by intellectuals for East academic freedom in the universities which was joined by which Berlin construction workers, the reform movement of 1956-7 protest in the early was supported by members of the party and the sixties against the Berlin Wall.

No. 439 (Shilaeff, 3. China's Foreign Policy. PEKING AND ITS POLICY party NY 9) of October 9 analyzed documents from the PRC eleventh The program congress for clues pertaining to its foreign policy. strict ad- reached the conclusion that these documents affirm the calling herence of the new Peking leadership to the Mao directive The basis for a "proletarian revolution of the diplomatic course." especially those of this course entails the pitting of all forces, United States of the third world, against the great powers; the latter of , and the Soviet Union. The documents indicated that the policies. these is considered the worse due to the Soviet's aggressive

WORLD 4. Marxist vs. Christian Hope. RELIGION IN THE CONTEMPORARY Father Bar- No. 300 (Bensi, M 9) of October 8 adapted an article by the role tolomeo Zorgo from a Rome Jesuit journal which juxtaposed demonstrated of hope in Marxism and Christianity. The article existence Marxism's failure to admit the spiritual side of man's activity and thus accord absolute significance to aspects of human having only partial significance.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

WEEK No. 372 1. The Belgrade Conference was a topic of WORLD THIS the press (Perouansky, M 5) of October 8, which included excerpts of progress conference held by Arthur Goldberg and Dante Fascell on the on made at the meeting. Whereas Goldberg emphasized the absence inflammatory both sides of a desire for conflict over potentially commission, questions, Fascell described the report compiled by his itemizes which, he emphasized, is far from complete. This report European approximately 1500 cases of human rights violations by East the lives governments, including the Soviet Union, which involve the and fates of about 5000 individuals. The general themes of first reports presented by the participating countries during the week of the conference were reviewed.

defense The opening of the Belgrade conference and questions of the by British of human rights and detente were the topic of an article Foreign Affairs Secretary Owen, published in The Times (London) and adapted in PANORAMA (Chugunov, L 5) of October 9. 6

2. The UN. WORLD THIS WEEK No.. 372 (Bykovsky;.NY 4) of October 8. excerpted Carter's speech to the UNGA dealing with the arms race and the establishment of effective international Control over both nuclear weapons and. normal weapons. Reference was made to the American-Vietnamese clash in the General Assembly Economics Com- mittee over a proposal to aid Vietnam in an effort to restore the country's economy. It was noted that theclash was characterized by mild tones, with :the only hostile anti -,US rhetoric coming from. .the Soviet bloc. The program pointed out that the US is presented aiding Vietnam indirectly, through international agencies and the World Bank.

3. Illegal Immigration into the United States. TOMORROW OF THE PLANET EARTH No. 230 (Patrushev, M 10) of October 9 pointed out that 800,000 people are apprehended yearly attempting to enter the United States illegally, with possibly an equal number succeeding undetected. The program analyzed this problem and the measures which are being employed to deal with it.

4. French Television. WITH THE EYES OF THE CRITIC AND THE SPECTATOR No. 31 (Igoshina, P 6:30) of October 8 discussed a new feature of French television debates. Whereas such programs formerly had presented members of opposite parties where the differen- deofnopinidn aieexpected,- many of the newer programs present members of the same party. The ensuing debates remind one of a "family" scandal. Special reference was made to specific debates involving members of the leftist opposition which disclosed a deep difference of opinion within the "bloc's" ranks.

5. American National Security was the topic of an interview with Brzezinski in Le Figaro, excerpted in PANORAMA (Salkazanova, P 5) of October 9.

6. The British Labour Party Congress was the subject of WORLD THIS WEEK No. 372 (Vovchok, L 3) of October 8. The program discussed the government's anti-inflation program which is based on price and wage controls.

7. The Second Session of the International Energy Agency in Paris was a topic of WORLD THIS WEEK No. 372 (Mirsky, P 4) of October 8, which highlighted the twelve point plan to reduce dependence on foreign oil adopted by the participating delegations.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Christian Morality was discussed in MORALITY IN THE CONTEMPO- RARY WORLD No. 9 (Shmeman, NY 9) of October 9.

2. The Role of the Virgin Mary in Christian Philosphy was discussed in SUNDAY TALK No. 1068 (Shmeman, NY 9:30) of October 8.

/SL - 7 -

NEWS COVERAGE stories in their newscasts of -11.11-RFE BDs and RUNS carried these October 8: region* of northern Spain was shot .A .provincial leader in the Basque -dead today in a street ambush.. Egypt for discussions chief Yasser Arafat has again gone to PLO reconvened Middle East . about Palestinian representation at any peace conference 111 Geneva.. today wound up.a.two-day session The Polish Party Central Committee Eeeretary .Gierek in which by approving a report:delivered by First production of eonsumerToods. he called -for a greater emphasis on the a letter from Manna .Martin newspaper this morning published A Paris who was kidnapped more than Sohleyer, the West German industrialist . R month ago; riFhts campaigner, is re- ValentinTurchln, a leading Soviet human exile in the West. portedly betng 911owed to leave Moscow for has criticize the new Soviet Soviet dissident Pyotr Grigorenko coo; i tilt; nn . German police and youths in East There hns been a clash between East flevlin. Indira Gandhi have de- Supporters of former Indien Premier 'Mrs. monstrated in New Delhi; the EEC today stressed the Top energy officials of the U.S. and developing nuclear power. Iled to reduce dependence on oil by million dollars to United States Senate has voted to spend 374 The cruise missile. speed development of a long-range seizures of seven of its Soviet Union claimed today that recent The were aimed at aggravating re- fishing boats by the Argentine Navy Ditions between the two countries. flew to Brussels today on the British Foreign Minister David Owen on to Moscow tomorrow. first leg of s trip that will take him inifloods which are inundating Policd count 12 people dead .to far parts.of north-west Italy. NEWS COVERAGE

All RFT; BDs and RUNS carried these stories in their newscasts of October 9:

The Soviet Union early today launched a manned spaceship to link up with an automatic space station already in orbit.

Pgyptian President Sadat and PLO leader Arafat met today in Cairo discuss Middle East peace effort;.

The funeral of three Spaniards. assassinatect.yesterday.by Basque nntionallstS has taken place without Serious incident.

Pritain’s Foreign Secretary David Owen is in Moscow.

The head of the Pakistani military goYernment was quoted today as saying the armed forces plans to yield 'power. to a civilian govern ment "within months and not years." ;

There have been more demonstrations in support of former Premier Mrs. TP.dire Gandhi in India.

The Italian armed forces have been alerted to help fight flooding in northern rtaly.

The wife of kidnapped West German Industrial leader 11anns7c:9rtin ehleyer says she is convinced her husbancl will soon be freed.

Britain's Labour government and its attitude toward the European Common Market came in for some harsh criticism this weekend at an informal mestiw of EEC foreign ministers in Belgium.

ltesident Samora Machel of Mozambique arrived in Cuba today for an orficiol visit.

Wust Guymon Voyulgn M1nisLur flons Dietrinh Cowie:her 1ort rimin tpdav for' visits to Japan and China.

Yugoslavia has announced the dates for President Tito visit to Franee.this 1,eek.

4 L.

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO 241

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 241 for Monday, 10 October 1977 47. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Human Rights. NOTE (Rahr, M 6:30) summarized the portions of Arthur Goldberg's speech at the Belgrade meeting which dealt with human rights, pointing out that Goldberg's veiled allusions to countries which persecute citizens for doing nothing more than monitoring their countries' observation of the CSCE Final Act clearly referred to the Soviet Union's imprisonment of members of the Soviet .CSCE monitoring groups. The program highlighted the assessment on the new Soviet constitution made by Pyotr Grigorenko, one of the few such members who is not now. imprisoned. Grigorenko opined that the new constitution is a sham; a propaganda document which does not define the limits of the government's control over its citizens. He added that there was no mention of the right to strike or to choose a place to live, not even within the confines of the USSR. Grigorenko told journalists that the provisions for freedom of speech, press, meetings, etc. were essentially annulled by the clause that the use of this freedom is allowed "in accordance with the interests of the workers" -- which 'means the government -- and to further a "strengthening of the socialist order."

A press conference instituted by the organizational committee of the international Sakharov hearings was the topic of ROME REPORT (Maltsev, M 4:30), which gave background on the first Sakharov hearings in 1975, pointing out that the second session will differ from its predecessor in Copenhagen insofar as,itswitlesses will not only consist of those who left the Soviet Union, but those who emigrated from Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and East Germany as well. A lengthy quote by Simon Wiesenthal was included On the political character of the hearings emphasizing that the goal is to disclose truths, not political mani- festos. The agenda for the hearings was discussed, noting that the program includes discussion about discrimination in the USSR and Eastern Europe motivated by politics and ideology, socio- economic discrimination and religious, persecution. Okudzhava's Francois Villon's Song was featured in THEY SING No. 576 (Mitina, M 4:30).

2. The Unsuccessful Flight of the Sovuz-25 was the topic of NOTE (Levin, 'M 6:30), which speculated on possible reasons for the malfunction of the manual/automatic docking mechanism, and recapitulated the failures in the Salyut-Soyuz program beginning with 1971. The program examined possible expalanations for the chronic malfunctions evidenced in this space program.

3. British Foreign Secretary Owen's Visit to Moscow. Was the topic of LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 3:30), which pointed out that Owen's aim is to attain a mutual understanding with the Soviet leadership on the Rhodesian question. He was cited that Great Britain's goal is decolonialization and a peaceful transition of power into the hands of the majority.

4. The Appointment of Kuznetsov was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 2), which excerpted articles from the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitunq and the Sueddeutsche Zeitunq.

5. The Fate of a Geneticist. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF OUR DAYS No. 111 (Muslin, NY 13) continued to feature an interview with world-renowned geneticist R.L. Berg, who emigrated from the Soviet Union in 1974. In this portion of the interview, she discussed her circumstances in the USSR and the persecution to which she was subjected immediately before her emigration to Italy in 1974, her arrival in America in 1975, the help she received from Jewish organizations and her finding work as a scientific associate of the University of Wisconsin. She expressed her amazement at the lack of bureaucracy for scientists at American universities, emphasizing its significiance for scientific investigation, and discussed her personal feelings regarding her choice to leave her homeland.

6. MAN ON THE EARTH No. 158 (Lobas, NY 12) featured some data on Soviet international trade pointing out that the Soviet press prefers to discuss its exports rather than imports, in particular its grain imports. The program also dealt briefly with the theme of gardens in American cities and, in more detail, discussed ve- getable growing in the Soviet Union using an article from Selskava Zhizn and Western sources.

7. Aft Interpretation of the Relation Between Matter and Conscious- ness in Yerofeyeyv's Moscow -Petushki was discussed in WITH THE EYES OF THE CRITIC AND THE SPECTATOR No. 32 (Igoshina, P 8). B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Disorders in East Berlin were the subject of NOTE (Bensi, M 6), which pointed out that these disorders were confirmed by the East German telegraph agency ADN, according to which the disorders had non-political causes. However, it was added, the protest soon took on a political coloration as young people loudly expressed their solidarity with Wolf Biermann who was deprived of his citizenship by the GDR authorities last year. An article from the Sueddeutsche Zeitunq was citedd

2. The Human Rights Movement in Poland was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 1:30), which excerpted an artiole from the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq.

3. Background on the Life of Polish Poet Aleksandr .Wat was featured in EAST EUROPEAN WITNESSES No. 68 (Gorbanevskaya, P 15), which discussed his book My Century.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Belgrade Conference. BELGRADE REPORT (Perdivansky, M 4:30) discussed speeches by the representatives of the UN European Economic Commission and UNESCO. The former dealt with the necessity of developing East-West trade relations and the latter announced that UNESCO has formed a special commission to investigate questions dealing with the free exchange of information. This commission is expected to present a report at the end of 1979. The committee emphasized that UNESCO is especially concerned about the free exchange of ideas and people and the protection of human rights, including the cessation of all forms of disciimination in the field of education.

American Congressmen on Human Rights. NEW YORK REPORT No. 675-77 (Gendler, NY 3) excerpted statements by Senator Dole calling for a firm stance on human rights from the American Belgrade delegation, and a contrasting statement by Senator Pell who called for a "realistic" approach to the problems of human rights violations at the conference.

The Belgrade conference was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 2:30), which used articles from Ii Ponolo and The Times (London).

2. What is Democracy? NOTE (Gregory, M 3) highlighted a three- day international symposium in Athens on this topic. During the course of the symposium all of the participants agreed that the principles of democracy should be observed, however, there was con- siderable difference of opinion as to what constitutes "democracy." -4

The program cited several of the opinionsvoiced at the conference, including Soares' statement that democracy is pluralism; PCI CC member Libertini's claim that "full" democracy calls for the observation of the principles of "parliamentary democracy," civil rights and a socialist economy; and American historian Arthur Schlesinger 's opinion that government control over the means of production is incompatible with democracy, which can only develop in the presence of both a private and a government sector in the country's economy.

3. The Congressional Discussion on the Ratification of the Panama Canal Treaty was the subject of WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1034 (Save - mark, W 3:30), which noted that Senator Dole had handed the text of a classified telegram to journalists which had been sent from the American Embassy in Panama to the State Department. The telegram disclosed the existence of serious differences between American and Panamian interpretations of various provisions of the treaty. 4. France Five-and-a-Half Months Before the Parliamentary Elections. PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 4) reviewed the latest developnents in the conflict within the leftist block. Special reference was made to the meeting of the administrative committee of the Socialist Party which decided to create a special commission to compile a detailed report on the French political situation to be presented November 6 at the Socialist Party National Congress. This same commission has assumed the role of advisor to the party leadership in the conflict between the Socialists and the Communists.

5. The "Unofficial Meeting" of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the EEC Countries was the topic of BRUSSELS REPORT (Ryser,

P 4:30), which noted that the topics under discussion included the possible acceptance into the EEC of Greece, Portugal and Spain, as well as several recent statements by Callaghan which had elicited a negative reaction from Englanta' Common Market-2 partnPFs

6. American Middle East Policy was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 1:30), which excerpted an article from The New York Times.

7. The Congress Wants to Cut Funds for NASA,10WYCRK REPORT No. 673-77 (Storozhenko, NY 3) pointed out, citing statements by Senator Proxmire.

8. The Opening of the British Conservative Party Congress was the topic of LONDON REPORT (Vovchok, L 5), which used an article from The Guardian. 5 -

9. The Influence of American Television . NEW YORK REPORT No. 674-77 (Zuckerman, NY 3) discussed a Florida court case judging the guilt of a 15 year old confessed murderer. It was pointed Out that his defense attorney claims that his defendent is not guilty since he acted unconsciously under the influence of violent TV shows which played the role of his "family, school, and church."

D. CULTURAL,'SOCIAL,'AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES: ,

1. A Profile of the Enerlish Portrait Painter, Graham Sutherland, was sketched in SPECIAL FEATURE (Golomshtok, L 9:30), which was pegged to an exhibition of his works in the National Portrait Gallery in London;

2. The Return of James Bond. CINEMA IN NEW YORK No.46 (Gabai, NY 8:30), discussed the new James Bond film, The Spy Who Loved Me. 3. The Hot Summer in New York was the topic of NEW No. 1 YORK, NEW YORK (Konson, NY 9:30), which featured an interview Penkrat, with Peter a specialist in air-conditioning.

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Rahr, M 7:30) consisted of A-4 (Bensi, M 2), B-2 (Rahr, M 1:30), C-1 (Bensi, M 2:30), and C-6 (Rahr, M 1:30).

WORLD TODAY (Nadirabhvili, M 59) included compiled first -run programming on the following subjects: a recent Congressional statement on human rights (Gendler, NY 1:30), political unrest in East Berlin (Bensi, M 3), the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq on Kuznetsov (Bensi, M 1:30), Owere's visit to Moscow (Chugunov, L 3), a press conference on the Sakharov hearings in Rome (Maltsev, M 3:30), this year's vegatable season in the Soviet Union (Lobas, NY the art of 4), Graham Sutherland (Glomshtok, L.4:30), Grigorenko on the new constitution (Rahr, MI), the political situation in France five -and -a -half months before the election (Salkazanova, P 2:30), the unsuccessful flight of Soyuz-25 (Levin, NY 2:30), Congressional demands to cut NASA's budget (Storozhenko, NY 1:30), air-conditioning in the US (Konson, NY 4), Soviet international trade and American home gardening (Lobas, NY 3:30), and the Bel- grade conference (Perouansky, M 4:30).

fr gk/SL. ,

" - 6 -

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE BDs aAd RI/NS carried these stories in 'their. newscasts of October 10: The Soviet Union 'today called off its latest manned space mission after a hitch in the planned link-up between two cosmonauts and the orbiting Salyut-6 space station.

The 1977 Nobea _Peace nize was today awarded to Amnesty International. At the-same time, the 1976 Peace prize-sTerit-to two women who have,campaigned for peace in Northern Ireland.

.At the Belgrsde meeting, severalNATo nations today strongly criticized human rights violations.

Soviet authorities today detained one :human nights campaigner and reimposed house arrests on a group of Jewish dissidents. Foreign lainister Dayan has said Israel would walk Israeli a out of any Middle East peace conference where the creation of Palestinian homeland is suggested by Arab nations.

The Soviet Union and Britain today signed an agreement to. prevent accidental nuclear strikes. into areas of teams are today pouring vital supplies Rescue landslides. northern Italy devastated-by -five days of flooding and

in Spain have arrested 30 suspected right and leftwing Police violence. guerrillas in an operation aimed at halting extremist been The Ethiopian mountain town of Dire Dawa has reportedly under siege from insurgents backed by Somalia. in Warsaw King Baudouin and Queen Fabiola of Belgium arrived today. RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 242

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 242 for Tuesday, 11 October 1977 J. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Owen's Visit "to Moscow was the subject of LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 3:30), which pointed to the Soviet tendency to place questions of detente and disarmament at the center of attention. This action parallels that of the Soviet delegation at the Belgrade conference arid. includes downgrading such questions a human rights and even the Rhodesian problem. It was added that the principal goal of Owen is to obtain, if not acceptance, at least tacit acquiescience in the British-American proposal on the Rhodesian question.

An actuality of Owen's remarks after his talks with Brezhnev was featured in WORLD TODAY (Owen, M :30) using voice tapes.

2. SALT WASHINGTON REPORT No. 291 (Orshansky, W 3:30) adapted an article from The New York Times on the compromises achieved at the recent Soviet-American negotiations on SALM.2.

3. The Unsuccessful Completion of the Sovuz-25 Docking Mission was the topic of NOTE (Levin, M 5), which reviewed the Soyuz- Salyut program pointing out that out of 13 piloted flights in this program, only five were successfully completed. The un- happy history of this program was recapitulated and possible reasons offered for its chronic mishaps.

4. Soviet-American Cultural Exchange and its Problems. PROBLEMS OF DETENTE No. 50 (Dudin, NY 8:30) continued to excerpt and discuss the contents of a report prepared by a special commission of the Twentieth Century Fund published in the beginning of September under the heading The Lifted Curtain. 5. Zamvatin's Visit to Munich in answer to an invitation from the Bavarian Society for the Promotion of Relations between the FRG and the USSR was the topic of NOTE (Gordin, M 2:30) which excerpted an article from the Sueddeutsche Zeituno on an incident which occured when Zamyatin was meeting with a group of Soviet emigrants.

6. Art. 60 YEARS OF SOVIET REPRESENTATIONAL ART No. 14 (Golomshtok, L 9:30) analyzed Lenin's claim that the artist is better off in a socialist society which frees him from the pressures imposed by the bourgeois public, and replaces bourgeois clients with a single Patron: the government. The program questioned the value of replacing many Patrons with one, and examinedthe state of Soviet art and Soviet artists.

7. Podrabinek's "Punitive Medicine" continued to be read in DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME No. 140 (Burshtein, M 27).

8. Yerofev4v's "MoscoW-.Petrushkicontitued to be read ,in% THE UNPUBLISHED WORKS.OFSOVIETAUTHORS. NO.: 760 (Kunta, M 27).

B. CROSS-REPORTING 2ND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS.:

1. International Communism. EAST EUROPEAN CHRONICLE No. 194 (Pusta, M 9:30) discussed the polemics between the Belgrade press and the newspapers of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. It was pointed out that Belgrade's black sheep role began with the 1948 exclusion of Yugoslavia from the Cominform. Although relations between Belgrade and Moscow have been hormalized, the Soviet party leadership continues to show its annoyance with Yugoslav policies through the appearance in Soviet media of articles criticizing the activities of the partisans during the .cond Tilibrldinhar or aspects of Belgrade's domestic of foreign policies expressed in veiled terms. The East European media are also sharp in their criticism of Belgrade. The program cited examples from the Yugoslav press criticizing the Soviet and Czechoslovak media for their hard stand on Eurocommunism and Carrillo, in particular. It was pointed out that at the center of the disagreements are different approaches to socialism and the problem of leadership of the international communist movement.

NOTE (Bensi, M 530) pointed to the flurry of diplomatic activity among the East European leaders between the beginning of September and the beginning of October. It was explained that this was due to the opening of the Belgrade conference, and the desire to present a "united front." Although the communiques issued at the end of each visit reiterated the same themes -- the unity of "socialist society" on the basis of "socialist internationalism," support for detente and the situation of the international communist movement the nuances in their eXPression permitted the detection of differences of opinion and even discord between the countries involved. While a joint GDR-Bulgarian document spoke of the international duty of socialist coUntries to protect socialism beyond their borders (the pretext of the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia), a Gierek-Kadar communique stressed the need for open two-sided exchange of opinions to clarify possible discord within the communiat movement. This disparity of emphasis follows the contrast between hard lines of-BAllgatia and the GDR and the relatively liberal views of Gierek and Kadar who advocate a dialogue with rather than the ostracizing of the Eurocommunists. These positions were further diversified by the relatively daring call for a "new type of unity" among the CPS by Ceausescu.

2. The Situation in Poland was discussed in NOTE (Rahr, M 5:30) which was pegged to the Polish Supreme Court's affirmation of the decision by the lower courts to take away the right of Znak, a movement of the Catholic intelligentsia, to awn commercial enterprisee,the revalues from which have financed Znak's activities. Simultaneously, attention was directed to a further development of the human rights movement in Poland, including the broadening of the Polish Workers' Defense Committee into the Committee for Social Self Defense and the publishing of new samizdat materials.

3. The Disorders Between Youth and Police in East Berlin was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 1), which used an article from the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeituno.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Belgrade Conference. BELGRADE REPORT (Perouansky, M 6) noted that the majority of Western delegates so far have expressed the opinion that although questions of detente and disarmament are indeed of primary, importance, they would better be discussed in other forums -- for example, those in Vienna and Geneva and the Belgrade conference should be reserved for the discussion of measures to strengthen mutual trust as provided for in the CSCE Final Act. These statements were noted to be in response to Soviet delegate Vorontsov's speech which heavily emphasized questions of military detente and reiterated two familiar Soviet Proposals, the contents of which were reviewed.

2. A Session of the NATO Nuclear Planning Group including the participation of the defense ministers of the US, Great Britain, the FRG, Italy and other countries, was the topic of NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 5:30), which pointed out that although the meetings will be holld behind closed, doors, the agendas of the meetings are in general ftolletheless known to include neutron weapons and cruise missiles. The program reviewed aspects of these weapons: 3. The Nobel Peace Prize. LONDON REPORT (Volichok, L 6) discussed the belated awarding of the 1976 Peace Prize to Muried Corrigan and Betty Williams for their work in Northern Ireland, and the awarding of the 1977 prize to Amnesty International. The program reviewed the operations of this organization and excerpted the statement of the Nobel Prize Committee explaining its choice of Amnesty over the other 53 candidates for the award.

The award of the Nobel Peace Prize to Amnesty International was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Predtecheysky,and Bensi, M 5), which excerpted articles from the Frankfurter Rundschau, The Washing- ton Post, the Corriere della Sera and Les Echos.

4. An Interview, with Zbignew Brzezinski in The Times (London) was excerpted in NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 5:30).

5. An Interview with Gonzales. the General Secretary of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. published in Le Monde was excerpted in PARIS REPORT (Ryser, P 5).

6. European and Japanese Capital Investments in.US Industry were the topic ,of AMERICA - DEEDS AND PEOPLE No.67 (Navrozov, NY 8).

7. The Middle East UN REPORT No. 152-77 (Bykoveky, NY 4), focused on Moshe Dayan's speech at the UN, in which he discussed Israel's conditions for the establishment of a Middle East peace.

D. CULTURAL,. SOCIAL, .AND. SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:-

1. The Awarding of the Nobel Prizes for Physics and Chemistry was the topic of NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 5), which gave background on the recipients of these awards: for physics, Philip Anderson and John van Vlek from the US and Sir Neville Mott from Great Britain; and for chemistry, Russian-born Ilya Prigozhin, a professor at the University of Brussels.

2. The New Theatrical Season in New 'York was reviewed in THEATER IN NEW YORK No..: 22.1Gabai., NY 7.:30Y,

3. Experimental Theater in Italy was the topic of SPECIAL REPORT 1Maltsev,

PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, Predtechevsky and Bensi, M6) consisted of B-3 (Rahr, Ml) and C-3.(Predtechevsky and Bensi, M.5). ors,

_ 5 -

WORLD TODAY (Henkin, M 59) consisted of compiled first-run material on the following topics: Nobel Peace Prize winners (Vovchok, M 3:30), Nobel Prize Winners for Physics and Chemistry (Predtechevsky, M 3:30), the Belgrade Conference (Perouansky, M 2), Owen's Moscow visit (Chugunov, L 1:30), Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine (Podrabinek, M 3:30), Polish dissidents (Rahr, M 2), Soviet-American cultural exchange (Dusin, NY 2:30), European and Japanese capital investment in American industry (Navrozov,

NY 3), the meeting of the NATO defense ministers (Predtechevsky,

M 3:30), Soyuz-25 (Levin, M 4:30) and Moscow-Petushki (Yerofeyev, M6).

gk/SL NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE BDs and. RL/NS.carried.these,stories in their newscasts of October 11:

The Israeli cabinet -has 'accepted a igotking paper on procedures for reconvening the Geneva PcmfeXeAce on thl-Middle East. .The United States has accused both the soviet Union and Czechoslo- vakia.of. violating 'the HelsinktagreeMeht by.tampering.i4ith international mail.

The U.S..' delegation at Belgrade:has:expteased great concern about the brief detention of:0-Zoviet.disaident the AMerioals arms negotIatOr says he.expecte the United States uAl USSR to conclude a new.SALT.agtetmentri.titnin a few months. 'The U.S. 'has aeked ita’European.aliiest. decide whether the neutron bomb should be. deplOyedHinliestern Europe. /

Two hijackers have fotpe.cl:aCechoelovak airliner to fly' to West Germany whete they aaked:tor-,asylum.-

Britain's -Zreign;.Secretary puie4 is on his way home ftoM.MoscoW after saying he and Soviet leadershad.a much freer exchange of views than he originally expected.

The two Soviet cosmonauts on board the.SOyuz-25 spacecraft returned safely to' earth this morning,.

A Moscow-born Belgian scientist has been awarded the Nobel chemistry prize. Two Americans and a Briton share the physics prize. The.Internationgl Press X.nstitute has expressed concern about reports that Czechoslovak journalist Jiri. Lederer.may go on trial, ,Soviet'novelist Georgy Vladimov has resigned from the Soviet Writers' ttnion to protest expulsions of non-coi40rmist writers from the union.

Pakistan's former- premier Zulfikar. Bhutto has been charged with plotting to murder a political rival.

Somali insurgents gay they are engaged in, heavy fighting around two major Ethiopian government Strongholds near the northern edge of the Ogaden Desert, . . Two Americans have set off from the eastern United States in a balloon in an attempt -to -cross the Atlantic..

110 DELL II

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 243

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 243 for Wednesday, 12 October 1977 J. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Georgv Vladimov Has Left the Soviet Writers' Union, NOTE :(Szenfeld, M 5:30) reported. Vladimov, the author of widely known novels Great Ore, Three Minutes of Silence and the samizdat story Faithful Ruslan hotified foreign journalists in Moscow that he had informed the Soviet Writers' Union of his withdrawal from its ranks. He acted in protest against the exclusion of a number of dissident authors from this writers' organization: Voinovich, Kopelev, Kornilov, Chukovskaya and others. Vladimov emphasized that he does not intend to emigrate although he is aware that the existence of a Soviet writer outside of the Writers' Union involves a series of unpleasant consequences. The program discussed Vladimov as one of the chief representatives of the "fourth generation" of Soviet writers ever since the appearance of his tremendously popular first book in the beginning of the 60s. It was pointed out that he fell into official disgrace when, in 1967, he spoke out in defense of Solzhenitsyn. He wrote an open letter to the: Soviet Writers Con- gress presidium calling for an end to limitations on artistic freedom without which, he emphasized, Soviet literature would not be able to develop further.

Madimov's Faithful Ruslan was a subject of WORLD TODAY (Szenfeld, M4:30).

2. Vorontsov's Statement at the Belgrade Conference. NOTE (Perouansky, M3) commented on VorontsOv's charge that certain delegates were turning the forum into an arena for psychological war and making announcements of a propagandistic character. The program noted that this statement was in response to a statement by a member of the American delegation, Joyce Hughes, who charged the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia with violating certain provisions of the CSCE Final Act. This was pointed out as the first instance in which countries were specifically named. the Commenting on the Vorontsov statement, representatives of American delegation emphasized that the US does not want to that turn the conference into a forum for polemics, but added the American delegation insists on a multifacited discussion dealing of all aspects of the CSCE Final Act including those with the observance of human rights.

M 2:30) 3. Soviet-American Relations. NOTE (Predtechevsky, begun focused on the Paul Warnke statement that both sides have In this to formulate the framework for a new SALT agreement. dealt connection, reference was made to Carter's UN speech which The New with the progress on the SALT issue, and an article from the new York Times on alleged Soviet-American compromises on SALT agreement.

Soviet grain purchases from the United States were the subject which was of NEW YORK REPORT No. 678-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3:30) Union pegged to the United States decision to allow the Soviet course of the to buy twice as much grain from the US during the It was next 12 months as is called for in the 1975 agreement. grain pointed out that this is due to the quantity of American the reserves. It was added that it is not yet known whether Soviet Union intends to make use of this proposal.

M 4:30) 4. The Seychelles and the Soviet Union. NOTE (Henkin, president was pegged to the TASS report of a statement by the toward of the Seychelles, who stated his intention to work program re- creating a socialist government in his country. The in the viewed the incidents surrounding the overthrow of power where Seychelles this June, which had left observers wondering weapons had the armed division of S men supplied with Soviet democratic come from. It was, noted that after the armed coup the new pre- system was replaced with a one-party system while the system .Sident, speaking about the improvement of the educational Seychelles youth of the Seychelles, expressed the hope that the The program might be able to obtain education in the Soviet Union. out the observed that the question of who had prepared and carried and coup destroying the two party system and the constitution remains un- setting the country on the path of socialism, still answered.

of the Soviet 5. A Press Conference Called by Representatives (Bykovsky, UN Mission was the topic of UN REPORT No. 153077 between the NY 3:30). The program noted an essential difference dele- Soviet "press-conferences" and those of other countries' implies gations. Pointing out that whereas normally a conference that question and answer session,with the press, it was observed have been that in a "Soviet-Style" press conference, journalists a case in called only to hear a specific message from Moscow. As in point, the press conference under discussion was called connection with the passing of the new Soviet constitution. The Soviet representatives described the contents of the document, the principles of Soviet foreign policy and the democratic rights of Soviet citizens, and then declindato answer the journalists' questions.

6. Owen's Visit to the Soviet Union. LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 3:30) discussed the results of this visit, excerpting statements by Owen upon his return to London and the joint British- Soviet communique. Owen emphasized that Anglo-Soviet relations had considerably improved since the beginning of the 70s, and added that his conversations with Brezhnev convinced him that Brezhnev is sincerely striving for detente. He added that there was "lively discussion" on the Rhodesian question.

7. Zamvatin's Visit to Munich was the topic of NOTE (Gordin, M 3), which reported the poor reception of Zamyatin's speech in the Haus der Kunst. Zamyatin lauded the Soviet contribution to detente, stated that the West has done nothing for detente, described Sakharov as an ideological enemy, and criticized the US for its-human rights violations. He admitted that the USSR has a small number of dissidents, but said that it was insignificant.

8. The International Meeting of Foreign Shipping Companies and BESTA in Leningrad. NEW YORK REPORT No. 677-77 (Davydov, NY 3) discussed the difficulties arising from a relative Soviet monopoly on shipping from African ports, and the rejection from the Soviet side of the Western proposal to accord BESTA, an Estonian shipping lined serving African ports, five per cent of all deliveries.

9. A Meeting of French and Soviet Specialists in Cosmic Research was the topic of PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4), which reviewed the Soviet-French cooperation in the exploration of the atmosphere which began officially in 1966. The progress of the Soviet satellite series "Oreol" as well as the launching of "Prognoz 1" and "Prognoz 2" which have French equipment on board, was reviewed.

10. The Soviet Export of Raw Materials was a subject of WORLD TODAY (Kroncher and Rahr, M 4:30).

11. The New Soviet Constitution Abolished Help for Single Mothers, WORLD TODAY (Voronitsyn, M 3:30) pointed out.

12. The Destruction of Many Post-Revolutionary Archives. was the subject of DO YOU REMEMBER? (Pylaev, M 8), which was pegged to a recent Pravda article lauding the numerous decrees issued within the .first post -revolutionary year to preserve documents. The program contrasted this with a Russian article published in Berlin destruction, of archives in in 1922 which described the massive to cut costs for the the Soviet Union between 1918 and 1922 recycle paper be- government paper industry which decided to "old paper." ginning with archive materials for its

M 13:30) dealt with 13. pARTY Timmy NO. 20 (Avtorkhanov, regarding the first the policies of Lenin and the Bolsheviks the kindling of El world war, referring to Lenin's call for conferences because he civil war at leftist socialb-democratic seize power through envisioned a possibility for his party to the defeat of Russia.

Adam B. Ulam was reviewed 14. "In the Name of the People" by (Bek, NY 8:30), which pointed in BOOKS, JOURNALS AND IDEAS No. 140 of revolutionary fer- out that this book deals with key moments third quarter of the mentation in Russian society during the last century.

COMMUNIST AFFAIRS: B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF

at PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, 1. Tito's Visit to France was the topic is in return for Gis- 3:30), which pointed out that this visit P Paris political com- card's trip to Yugoslavia last December. Tito's foreign visits mentators were cited that the last series of capitals that Yugo- represented his attempt to remind the world's government even after slavia will remain an independent sovereign noted that France and Tito leaves the political scene. It was important respect Yugoslavia resemble each other in one very organizations .and have that is, they are not members of military of international blocs. avkvided direct involliement:in the politics

Peace Prize, awarded after 2. Leszek Kolakowski's Receipt of the NOTE (Vardy, M 3:30). di the Frankfurt book fair, was the topic of publicist and literary figurew The life of this Polish philosopher, including excerpts from his now living in England, was reviewed, Marxism. newest work, The Principal Tendencies of

(Nadirashvili, M 4:30) 3. Political Prisoners in the GDR. NOTE published by Amnesty reviewed the contents of a document recently GDR. International on political prisoners in the

TOPICS: C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC analyzed the difficulties Portugal. NOTE (Bensi, M 3:30) 1. the retirement of arising in Portugal a symptom of which is program attributed the Foreign Affairs Minister Ferreira. The contradictions between the reasons for the present crisis to the the ruling Socialist utopian ideas of several 'of the leaders of Reference was made to a party with the harsh demands of reality. Soares interview in El Pais which described his party's strivings for the creation of a pluralistic democracy which would serve as the basis for transition to socialism. This foggy utopianism was contrasted with the views endorsed by the "realists," including Ferreira, who call for the stabilization of the Portuguese economy based on concrete measures and the avoidance of "socialist romanticism."

2. The Meeting of the NATO Planning Group was the topic of NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 2), which highlighted a statement by US Defense Minister Brown that the US does not intend to keep neutron weapons in Europe unless it receives the agreement of all of its European NATO allies.

3. Amnesty International's Receipt of the Nobel Peace Prize was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Predtechevsky and Bensi, M 2:30) which excerpted articles from The Baltimore Sun, The Philadel- ID phia Enquirer and La Stampa.

4. American Defense Minister Brown's Visit to Europe .was the topic of WASHINGTON REPORT No. 292 (Orshansky, W 3), which reviewed the agenda for his trip. Brown was cited on the purpose of his Belgrade trip, noting that his visit continues the dialogue begun by Mondale and bears witness to continuing American interest in support of Yugoslav independence.

5. The Middle East. TEL AVIV REPORT (Perelman, Isr 3:30) noted the Israeli government's confirmation of the document signed in the United States by Moshe Dayan and Cyrus Vance.

6. The Belgrade Conference was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Predte- chevsky, M 2), which excerpted an article from The Financial Times.

7. MANY STORIED AMERICA No. 32 (Storozhenko, NY 13:30) discussed the establishment of friendly relations between Odessa and Balti- more, the creation of a new Alaskan city. - Nuiksit, and the journey of an American student from Guatemala to Pennsylvania on foot to direct the public's attention to the poverty in a Guate- malen city.

8. The British Conservative Party. Congress continued to be,discussed in LONDON REPORT (Vovchok, L 3).

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. German Existentialist Karl Jaspers was the subject of PHILOSOPHY IN THE CHANGING WORLD No.23 (Piatigorsky, L 17:30). - 6-

2. Housing in New York was the topic of NEW YORK, NEW YORK No. 2 (Konson, NY 7) which included an interview with Soviet immigrants on their impressions of the New York housing situation.

(Rehr, 3. The Frankfurt Book Fair was a topic of WORLD TODAY Stand M 2). A telephone interview with Lev Rahr at the Possev (Rahr, at the Frankfurt Book Fair was broadcast on WORLD TODAY M 4:30).

CONTEMPORARY 4. A Profile of Barbara Streisand was sketched in WOMAN No.43 (Gordin, M 9:30), which used music tape -cuts.

reviewed in 5. Famous Events over the Years -on October 12 were WORLD TODAY (Rahr, M 4).

ChampionshipA 6. Today's Qualification Games for the Soccer World were discussed in WORLD TODAY (Gleichman, M 2).

of C-3 PRESS REVIEW (Predtechevsky and Bensi, M 4:30) consisted (Predtechevsky and Bensi, M 2:30) and C-6 (Predtechevsky, M 2).

programming WORLD TODAY (Rahr, M 59) included compiled first-run agreement on the following topics: progress toward a SALT 2 2:30) (Predtechevsky, M 1), Belgrade developments (Perouansky, M 2), Portugal the results of Owen's visit to Moscow (Chugunov, L from the (Bensi, M 2), the new ceiling for Soviet grain purchases (Henkin, US (Shilaeff, NY 1:30), socialism and the Seychelles M 1:30) M 2:30), the Frankfurt book fair peace prize (Vardy, and Zamyatin's visit to Munich (Gordin, M 1:30).

gk/SL if

NEWS COVERAGE newscasts of All RFE BD and RUNS carried these stories in their October 12. accusrd somq The chief Soviet delegate to the Belgrade conference hns western representatives of "staging propaganda shown." discuss sales of U.S. Defense Secretary Harold Brown is in Belgrade to U.S. arms to Yugoslavia. with a dis- President Tito has begun his official visit to France cussion with President Giscard d'Estaing. and the reports from Washington say the United States Unofficjal number of major Soviet Union have narrowed their differences over a agreement. irSUPS standing in the way of a new arms Ibrahim The successors of assassinated North Yemeni President al-Hamdi have said they will continue his policies. Organization says a senior official of the Palestine Liberation A framework for renewed new United Nations resolution is needed as a Nidd:le East peace talks. his party Italian Communist Party leader Enrico Berlinguer says cannot be accused of ideological intolerance. report from 13 Catholic press congress in Vienna has received a A policy. Polish publications criticizing Poland's news media the Dubcek Karel Kyncl, a Czejhoslovak journalist prominent,during, ern, has again lost his job. to combat The Spanish government has drafted some tough proposals : terrorism. arrived in West German Foreign Minister Hans -Dietrich Genscher China this morning after concluding a visit to Japan. after clashes South African police have arrested some 400 blacks Elizabeth. in a black township near the coastal city of Port MAL

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS' No. 244

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 244 for Thursday, 13 October 1977 J. Vale/D. Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Human Rights. NOTE (Belotserkovsky, M 4:30) reported that the chairman of the Soviet chapter of the Amnesty International, Doctor of Mathematical Physics Valentin Turchin, is leaving the Soviet Union on October 14 to take up residence in the United States and to assume a teaching position at Columbia University. The program offered background on Turchin's research in cybernetics and his contributions to samizdat, including quotes from his book The Inertia of Fear published in New York. It was emphaized that Turchin is emigrating only to be able to continue the scientific work he has devoted his life, to and that the decision was mode as a result of the Soviet refusal to allow him permission to leave for a limited period only.

SAMIZDAT REVIEW No. 298 (Fedoseyeva, M 25:30) presented a review of the human rights activities of General Petr Grigorenko, focusing on his efforts on behalf of the Crimean Tatars and his confinement in a special psychiatric hospital. The script was based on the compilation of materials on Grigorenko published by the Hertzen Fund in Amsterdam in 1973 under the title Thoughts of a Madman, and was pegged to Grigorenko's 70th birthday.

WASHINGTON REPORT No. 293 (Orshansky, W 3) gave the background of the recent reception in the House of Representatives given to former Soviet citizen Boris Levitas, who last January was allowed to emigrate to Israel following interventions by his namesake, Congressman Elliot Levitas, with the Soviet authorities.

Vladimir Vysotsky sang Foreign Mission in SOUND OF STRINGS No. 590 (Mitina, M 6). Alexander Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine continued to be read in DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME No. 141 (Burshtein, M 28).

Venedikt Yerofeyev's Moscow-Petushki continued to be read in UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 761 (Kunta, M 21).

2. The Policy on State Frontiers. NOTE (Henkin, M 3:30) pointed to the ambivalence of Soviet policy on the inviolability of state frontiers as expressed in a Novoe Vremva article which, on the one hand, spoke of the arbitrary frontiers drawn by the colonialists in Africa as the cause of the dispute between Ethiopia and Somalia, 'while on the other hand advocated the inviolability of these frontiers on the grounds that firm economic and cultural ties had developed between the two countries. The program observed that where frontier changes have occurred in favor of the USSR, such as in Europe, she regards them as final; in other cases, they may be revised. It was suggested that the changing criteria by which Moscow judges the inviolability of frontiers and national liberation movements could be connected with the USSR's extensive arms deals with African countries.

3. Sino-Soviet Relations. NEW YORK REPORT No. 679-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3:30) said the agreement reached by a mixed Sino-Soviet commission on shipping on certain disputed sections of the frontier rivers, the Ussuri and the Amur, could be the first step towards the normalization of inter-governmental relations between the two countries. The program suggested that the agreement was reached largely as the result of a Soviet concession on the access of Chinese shipping to the northern channel of the Ussuri.

4. The New Soviet Constitution was the topic of an article by Vladimir Bukovsky in The Boston Globe , adapted in NEW YORK REPORT No. 680-77 (Gendler, NY 3:30).

5. Soviet Emigrants. CONTRIBUTION TO THE "ABROAD" SERIES No. 29 (Storozhenko, NY 4:30) described the life in the US of illustrator Yuri Saltsman, his wife Marianna and son Aleksandr who arrived from the USSR one year ago. Saltsman referred in particular to the lack of artistic freedom in the USSR. 3

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF.COMMUNIST-AFFAIRS:.

1. Poland EAST EUROPEAN CHRONICLE NO. 195 (Pusta, M.8) noted a recent. deterioration of relations between the Polish government and Catholic Church as a result of the latter's major role.in-the opposition movement. The script referred to statements by .Cardinal Wyszynski and the Polish bishops in support of human rights, the interests of the workers, and . religious freedom.

The criticism of Polish Catholic journalists on regime media policies at the Vienna World Congress of the Catholic press was the topic of NOTE (Bensi, M 4), which pointed out that although a superficial look at the numerous Catholic publications in Poland would not indicate a lack of press freedom, in fact these publications are subject to censorship and frequently are supplied only with a limited quantity of paper. The Catholic journalists also pointed to the minimal coverage of Catholic news in the official press, remarking that incomplete and unobjective reportage is a form of disinformation.

2. Tito's Visit to France was the topic of PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 3), which discussed the unprecedented honors accorded Tito, and excerpted Giscard's speech on France's appreciation of the importance of Yugoslavia's growing influence. Giscard called Yugoslavia a country which freely decides its fate and chooses its own methods of social construction.

3. Heath Warned About the Future of Yugoslavia in WORLD TODAY (Heath, M :30).

4. Demonstrations in Romania. NOTE (Vardi, M 3:30) cited reports from The Times (London) and the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq on a Romanian coal miners' strike which included the participation of approximately thirty-thousand workers. It was pointed out that this disturbance was in response to a new pension law which, inter alia, raises the retirement age by five years.

5. The Development of a Socialist Society. Pegged to the present conference in East Berlin on the "objective laws" governing the development of a socialist society, NOTE (Nadirash- vili, M 6) pointed to the contradiction inherent in, for example, Marxist-Leninist teaching on the diminishing role of state institutions, and Brezhnev's references to the development of the Soviet economy, "socialist democracy," etc. The program contrasts these with such developments as the unceremonious ouster of Pod- gorny, the repression of the dissidents, and the adoption of a new constitution containing no guarantees of individual rights. 6. The Opening of the Biennale, which this year is devoted to the problems of dissident adtivities in Eastern Europe, was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 1), which excerpted an article from the Corriere della Sera.

7. Karel Kvncl Lost His Icecream Vending Job, WORLD TODAY (Tosek, M:30) pointed out.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. North and South Yemen. Pegged to North Yemen's Ambassador Al- Saholi's statement in Cairo that Military Command Council Chairman Al-Hamdi was assassinated "by accident," NOTE (Rahr, M 6) cited the rivalry for influence in the North Yemen on the part of outside 0 powers, referring to the assassination last April of former North Yemeni Premier Al-Hajri. He had negotiated a rapprochement with Saudi Arabia. The program also touched on Al-Hamdi's course of rapprochement with "people's democracy" South Yemen, which had led to an uprising by conservative_Sheikh Al-Ahmara, and Saudi Arabian and Egyptian interest in ousting communist influence from the Red Sea area.

2. The Belgrade Conference was the subject of NOTE (Perouansky, M 4) which focused on the discussions of the third basket and human rights matters. The speeches of Fischer (FRG) and Goldberg were excerpted, the first pointing to some improvement in the reunification of families and the latter citing numerous instances of human rights violations in"several countries."

The second basket of the CSCE Final Act is being discussed at Belgrade, NOTE (Perouansky, M 3:30), pointed out. The program focused on the East-West conflict over alleged trade discrimination regarding socialist countries. This is in part in reference to the Jackson-Vanik amendment which ties MFN status to freedom of emigration.

3. The Middle East. UN REPORT No. 154-77 (Bykovsky, NY 3) discussed the Carter-Dayan procedural plan for the Geneva Middle East peace conference, pointing out that no reference is made to PLO participation in the conference. The program focused on reaction to this plan, noting PLO criticism.

The Middle East was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Mannheim, Rahr and Henkin, M 4:30) which used articles from Die Welt, frankfurter Rundschau, the Corriere della Sera and The Financial Times. 4. American Arms Sales. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1035 (Savemark, W 4) presented the findings of a report compiled by the American Library of Congress research service on American arms sales. The report indicated Carter's administration has not succeeded in significantly decreasing the sale of American arms as it had proposed to do.

5. Carter's Press Conference was excerpted in WASHINGTON REPORT No. 294 (Orshansky, W 4), which made special reference to Carter's statements on American energy policy.

6. The British Conservative Party Congress was discussed in LONDON REPORT (Voychok, L 3:30) which focused on the Conservative Party's economic platform calling for a radical cut in taxes and government spending, should the Conservatives come to power.

dis- 7. Trends in the Development of the Contemporary World were excerpted cussed on the basis of an article in The New York Times, in PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 1).

REPORT 8. The Council of Europe Assembly was the topic of PARIS (Salkazanova, P 3:30), which pointed out that the Council passed a resolution condemning the use of psychiatry for the suppression of dissent.

9. A Carter Statement on Progress Toward a Geneva Middle East Peace Conference was featured in WORLD TODAY (Carter, M :30).

10. The UNITA Chief,Savimbi. was'. cited on the continuing battle in Angola in WORLD TODAY (Savimba, M :30).

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Americans Who Give Up Secure Well-Paid Jobs in Favor of More Satisfying Independent Occupations were the subject of AMERICA: DEEDS AND PEOPLE No. 66 (Navrozov, NY 9).

2. A Few Facts and Figures on the Publication of Paperbacks in the US were offered in CONTRIBUTION TO THE "ABROAD" SERIES Na. 29 (Storozhenko, NY 2:30),which noted that a paperback biography of Brezhnev, compiled by Soviet authors, may appear next year. 6.-

of an interview excerpted 3. The Space Shuttle was the topic in WORLD TODAY (Truly and Engle, M :30).

Henkin, ,M 6:30) consisted PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, Rahr, Mannheim and Rahr and Henkin, M 4:30) and of B-6 (Bensi, M 1), C-3 (Mannheim, C-7 (Rahr, M 1).

compiled first-run %(Predtechevsky, M 59) included WORLD TODAY of Polish on the following topics: the criticism programming (Bensi, M 2), journalists on regime media policies Catholic (Pusta, M 1), fight of the Polish Church for its rights the the North Romanian coal miners strike (Vardy, M 1:30), the Sino-Soviet agreement Yemeni assassination (Rahr, M 2:30), the (Shilaeff, NY 1:30), a Soviet on navigation on the Ussuri river Turchin (Belotserkovsky, view of African borders (Henkin, M 1:30), in the US (Storozhenko, M 1:30), the lives of Soviet immigrants Boris Levitas (Orshansky, NY 2), the Congressional reception for (Salkazanova, P 1:30), 2), the European Council resolution W M 2) and the Bu- Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine, (Podrabinek, (Gendler, NY 1:30). kovsky article on the Soviet constitution

gk/SL of

1ri

NEWS COVERAGE

newscasts of All RFE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories in their October 13: board was. A West German airliner with, more than 80.peop1e on hijacked this .afternoon. on emigrat- The U.S.: delegate at Belgrade has denounced restrictiohs ion, information.and.freedom of belief. . plan for Israel's Foreign Minister has released the text of a 'reconvening the Geneva Middle East peace conference. discussed the President Tito and President Giscard dlEstaing have future of' detente. in arms sales The U.S. says it is willing to make a modest increase -to Yugoslavia. in Italy to 'NATO defense ministers have, gone home from a meeting of the further consider whether their cOuntries'want deployment neutron bomb.. dangerous situation. The Warsaw Pact has accused NATO of creating a by stockpiling new weapons in Central Europe. heart into,a Cape Town surgeons have transplanted a chimpanzee's 60 -year-old man. to work Spanish political leaders have agreed to set up committees out details of a joint economic recovery program.

.Portuguese Prime Minister Mario Soares met separately with that leaders of opposition parties today amid continuing reports . a government reshuffle will be made in the near future. for their U.S. President Carter has attacked American oil companies opposition to his program of energy conservation.

Three Americans share this year's Nobel Prize for Medicine. again West German Foreign Minister Hans -Dietrich Genscher has met in Peking with China's Foreign Minister, Huang Hua. of the Cuba has announced that Beatriz Allende, youngest daughter

late President Salvador Allende of Chile, has committed suicide. RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO; 245.

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 245 for Friday, 14 October 1977 J. Vale/D. Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. SPECIAL FEATURE (Muslin and Davydov, NY 3:30 and 3) first focused on studies by the American National Academy of Sciences on scientific and cultUral exchanges between the US and the USSR. It was concluded that although in many areas Soviet scientists have been benefiting more than their US colleagues, in general, the exchanges have been advantageous to both sides. However, troublesome issues are Soviet discrimination against dissidents and Jews, restricted access to Soviet -archives and the Soviet refusal to issue entry visas to certain individuals. The program then gave the substance of an article in the US weekly Broadcasting. Magazine by United UM Vice-President Peter Ledon on the filming of theatrical performances in the USSR by his company. He said he encountered no restrictions as to what was filmed and where.

SALT. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 266(Beloborodov, W 5) cited press reports that the United States and the Soviet Union have succeeded in agreeing on the principles of a new SALT agreement, although it was emphaaized that they will need several more months to work out the details. These same information sources opined that both countries have made concessions and that the compromise includes limiting the development of new systems of .strategic weapons but not the reduction of their numbers.

2. Human Rights. LONDON REPORT (Vovchok, L 3) discussed the hunger strike of Viktor Tsitlenok in London on behalf of his brother in the Soviet Union. In 1971 the Tsitlenok family received permission to emigrate to Israel, with the exception of Boris Tsitlenok on the grounds that he had had access to secret information, although this was not the case. In 1975 Boris Tsitlenok staged a demonstration at the Lenin Library. in Moscow protesting the authorities' blocking of his emigration. He was arrested and sentenced to five years exile in Siberia. persecution NOTE (Roitman, M 5:30) drew a parallel between the appearance of a of Jewish dissidents in the Ukraine and the press, and slanderous article about the victims in the local preceded by a the arrest of several Jewish activists in Moscow attack, similar slanderous article. The object of the press whose exit Vladimir Kislik, was noted to be a Kiev "otkaznik" authorities. The permission to Israel was opposed by the Soviet leading an anti- article directed against him charged him with Israeli sources. Soviet campaign under the direction of American and

award of SPECIAL FEATURE (Vladimirov, M 5:30) reported on the movement, writer Freedom Prizes to the members of the Charter -77 Powell and Ugandan Andrey Sinyavsky, US Supreme Court member Lewis interview with US Bishop Kiwengere. The program featured an RL and the impact jury member William Mott on the award to Sinyavsky Solzhenitsyn has made in the US. which of Felix Serebrov, NOTE (Roitman, M 3:30) discussed the sentencing misuse of psychiatry a member of the monitoring commission on the the trumped-up in the Soviet Union. The program pointed out posited a connection nature of the charge leveled against him, and The KGB was between his persecution and the Podrabinek affair. misuse of psychiatry trying to secure Podrabinek's document on the and, upon learn- in the Soviet Union before the Honolulu conference a search of Podra- ing that the copy of the document seized during victim. Serebrov binek's apartment was not the only copy, needed ,a criminal charges were a was cited as charging that such trumped-up weapon oftlb' Soviet authorities against dissidents.

M 12) continued JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 235 (Roitman, Colonel Lev to excerpt the autobiography of retired Air Force who was Ovsishcher, a much decorated World War Two combattant to Israel five subjected to repression after applying to emigrate described his years ago. In the excerpts presented, Ovsishcher referred to in- service career in the early post-war years, and also subjected. stances of official ,anti-Semitism to which he was

Isr 9) highlighted JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 235 (Perakh, Prisons, Psychiatric the work of the Center for the Study of Soviet by a group of former Prisons and prison camps established in Israel secretly taken shots Soviet citizens, and featured a film showing of such institutions.

No. 143 The Economy. ECONOMISTS ON THE SOVIET ECONOMY 3: of the CIA (Chianurov, M,8:30) continued to give the substance on its conclusions report on Soviet economic prospects, focusing overly ambitious and its that the current tenth five-year plan is The exception, production goals will probably not be achieved. may be ex- however, is ,the military sector, where expenditure cent annually. pected to continue to increase by 4-5 per SPECIAL FEATURE (Ronaids, W 12)' reported on an international conference held in Washington by the Kerman Institute on labor reserves in Soviet industry. Discussants pointed to an imminent acute labor shortage throughout much of the USSR, with the exception of Central Asia and the Caucasus. Tile script referred in particular to contributions by Prof. Joseph Berliner of Brandeis University', US Commerce Department employee Murray Feshback, Prof. Gale Lapidus of the Univer sity of California, Prof. Aaron Vinokur of Haifa University, Prof. Vera Dunham of Queen's, College, New. York,, and' Prof. Alex Pravda of the Uni- versity of Surrey, (UK),., ,

4., Saciety. Pegged to-- k report on the Soviet authorities' prevention of Soviet Jews.'' gathering to commemorate the 36th anniversary of- Baby. Yar, GALICHt AT THE MICROPHONE (Galich, P 91.30) noted that in; the USSR what- is allowed by the law; is often prohibitedl by: administrative action. The program recalled how- when,. travelling to Bulgaria with a group of Soviet journalists, he and- his colleagues- found that a law permitting the unrestricted exchange Of rubles-, had been. nullified by such action. He said he would like< to ask French Citizens who advocated even the degree of nationalization called for by. the socialists what they thought of countries where. everything:, even personal feelings, were "nationalized" and regimented.. Galia-h concluded the program with- song'.

5., Stalin._ In KLYZNETSOV' TALK, NO. 198 (Kuznetsov, L 18) former- Soviet writer Anatoliy Kuznetsov reflected on the reality behind-4 the, myth= surrounding, Stalin, and noted that he and his successors: have, been, perpetuating a theory which has failed in practice.

6., Brezhnev as a Negotiator. &ME (Vardy, M 3:30) adapted a Sonnenfeldt interview from- Der. Stern about American-Soviet negotiations and the current international political situation.

7.- British-Soviet Relations. LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 2:30) cited an article in The Times (London) which wrote that ()limn had discussed problems of family reunification during his visit to., the Soviet Union.

JEWISH- CULTURAL AND' SOCIAL LIFE No. 235 (Kamyanov, Isr. 2:30) presented a, reading of verse by Boris Kamyanov, who last year emigrated, from the USSR to Israel, on his emigration. B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Berlinquer's Open Letter. SOME REPORT (Maltsev, R 6) pointed out that Berlinguer's open letter dealing with the problems of the coexistence of Marxism and Catholicism and emphasizing that PCI members need not be atheists illustrated What great significance the communists attribute to this problem. It was pointed out that the letter was probably, in response to a recent sharp Vatican condemnation of Marxism.

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M'2) discussed the Berlinguer open letter which claimed that CPI members were not obliged to be atheists, using articles from Ii Popolo and the Sueddeutsche Zeitunq.

2. An Interview with Kolakowdki from the Sueddeutsche Zeitunq was featured in NOTE (Nadirashvili, M 4:30).

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Belgrade Conference was the topic of NOTE (Perouansky, M 5:30) which focused on the exchange of accusations between East and West concerning the fulfillment of the CSCE Final Act's "Third Basket." Vorontsov's speech was cited calling RFE/RL's activities harmful propaganda as was the answering American statement that RFE/RL does not contradict the spirit of Helsinki, but rather that the jamming of these stations constitutes such a violation.

2. US -Yugoslav Relations American Secretary for Defense Harold Brown's visit to Yugoslavia was the topic of NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 4:30), which made special reference to Brown's offer to enlarge American arms shipments and military technology of a defensive character to Yugoslavia. The program reviewed statistics on American-Yugoslav military exchanges and credits.

Yugoslav-American military relations were discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Mannheim, M 2:30) pegged to Brown's visit to Yugoslavia and his talks with Ljubicic, using articles from The Guardian and the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq.

3. East-West Relations. The free exchange of ideas and information and interference in the internal affairs of other governments was the subject of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 1:30) which commented on an East Berlin press piece which claimed that such an exchange would constitute interference, excerpting an article from Die Welt Genscher's visit to the PRC was dealt with in BONN REPORT (Krassovsky, M 3:30) which discussedithe FRG's offer to the PRC of multifaceted aid to help create conditions for the fruitful cooperation between the highly developed countries and those of the third world. His assurance that the FRG and the PRC have good prospects for the developments of their relations despite their different views on international politics and the West German policy to stay aloof from the Chinese-Soviet conflict were also noted.

4. Former CIA Director George Bush's Impressions of Chinese- American Relations. NEW YORK REPORT No.682-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3) excerpted Bush's remarks made at a press conference after his return, from a visit to the PRC. He emphasized the existence of mutual American and Chinese interests which will facilitate the establishment of relations between the two countries. Such interests include trade and cultural exchangaand the Soviet threat felt by both sides.

5. Portugal was the topic of NOTE (Rahr, M 4) which was pegged to the exit of the Minister of Foreign Affairs Ferreira from the government. The conflict within Scares' socialist party was discussed, noting the criticism being leveled against Soares from members of the left wing of his party that he is attempting to use the Socialist Party as the basis for an essentially rightist regime.

6, The Middle East. TEL AVIV REPORT (Perelman, Isr 4) excerpted Dayan's speech to the Israeli Knesset, during which time he read the entire text of a working document signed by himself and Vance during his negotiations in Washington.

7. The Allan Bakke Case has Reached the Supreme Court, NEW YORK REPORT No. 691-77 (Zuckerman, NY 3) observed and reviewed this case of alleged "reverse" racial discrimination.

D. CULTURAL SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. JEWISH .CULTURAL -.AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 235 (Zuckerman, NY .5:30). highlighted a ,book by Gillel Galkin, recently published in the US, entitled Letters to a Jewish American Friend. New York-born Galkin, who now lives in Israel, claims in these letters to an imaginary Jewish friend in the US that Israel is the only country where a Jew can really live as a Jew. 2. The Opening of the 15th New York Film Festival was reported on in CINEMA IN NEW YORK No. 48 (Gabay, NY 6).

3. Ken Russel's Film on Rudolph Valentino , with Rudolf Nureyev in the title role, was reviewed in CULTURE, EVENTS, PEOPLE (Mirsky, P8:30).

3. A Portrait of US Fire-Fighting Ace Paul Adair was sketched in AMERICA -DEEDS AND PEOPLE No. 59 (Navrozov, NY 9:30).

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Mannheim, M 6) consisted of B-1 (Bensi, M 2), B-2 (Bensi and Mannheim, M 2:30) and B-3 (Bensi, Ml)'.

WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59) included compiled first -run programming on the following topics: Belgrade developments (Perouansky, M 3:30), Sonnenfeldt on Brezhnev as a negotiator di (Vardy, M 2:30), the Frankfurt Book Fair (Krassovsky, M 3), the National Academy of Sciences on Soviet-Amerinn scientific exchanges (Muslin, NY 3), TV promotion of Soviet theatrical tours (Davydov, NY 3:30), a peace prize for Sinyavsky and Charter 77 (Vladimirov, M 3), the Soviet economy (Chianurov, M 4:30), Stalin (Kuznetsov, L 4:30), Valentino and Rudolf Nureyev (Mirsky, P 2:30), Portugal (Rahr, M 3), Brown's visit to Yugoslavia (Predtechevsky, M'3:30) and the economic crisis in Spain (Henkin, M 3).

gk/ MB

.T 7. -

NEWS COVERAGE All RFE BDs and RUNS carried these stories in their newscasts of October 14:

It became clear that the hijacking of a LuftiOnsa plane.and the. kidnapping of Hanns-Martin Schleyer were connected.

The Soviet delegate in Belgrade charged that the broadcastn of 4P7, RL were a violotion of the Helsinki accord. ..The U.S. issued a statement saying that wasn't true. .

Ding Crosby, the American entertainer, has died at the are of 73.

Valentin rurchin, leader of the Moscow branch of Amnesty International arrived in Vienna to begin life in the West.

Many members of the U.S. Congress have signed an appeal on behalf of jelled Soviet dissident Alexander Ginzburg. Unofficial reportssay Pavel Kohout and Iudvik Vaculik appealed to the Presidents of France and Yugoslavia concernina. 4 men reportedly to be tried in Czechoslovakia.

France and Yugoslavia have called for steps towards real disarmament.

The Spanish nrliament has passed a bill granting amnesty to many of Spain's remaining political prisoners.

President Carter says he believes difficulties in getting the Panama Canal treaty ratified have been resolved.

Diplomn,tie efforts are under way in Lebanon to restore the ceasefire in the'sauth.

PgE-PL

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS .NO. 246.

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end, of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 246 for Saturday and Sunday, 15 and 16 October 1977 'a. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Human Rights. The receiving and dissemination of information in the Soviet CSCE monitoring group was discussed in HELSINKI MONITORING GROUP No. 5 (Alekseeva, NY 9) of October 16. The author, 'a member of the Moscow CSCE monitoring group, revealed how the group gathered its materials on Soviet violations of ;he The CSCE Final Act and to whom this information was forwarded. program discussed the difficulties of retaining contacts with

those who had supplied such information from varied geographic re- regions of the USSR after the beginning of the authorites' pressive measures directed against the members of the group.

Turchin's departure from the Soviet Union was discussed in WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION (Belotserkovsky, M 2) No. 188 of October 15. Turchin, the chairman of the Soviet chapter of Amnesty International, was noted to be emigrating

from the Soviet Union because of the decision of the authorities basis to deny him permission to leave the country on temporary University. to accept the offer of a teaching position at Columbia

The departure of Georgy Vladimov from the Soviet Writers' Union 183 was reported in WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No.

(Szenfeldt, M 1) of October 15. Vladimov was noted to be leaving

the union in protest over the exclusion of dissident authors from its membership.

in The arrest and sentencing of Felix Serebrov was discussed 1) WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. 188 (Roitman, M and of October 15. The program gave background on Podrabinek

his book about Soviet malpractice in the field of psychiatry a trum. for political purposes and opined that Serebrov's arrest on Podrabinek affair. ed-up charge was in direct connection with the

al - 2 -

Pyotr Grigorenko on the new constitution. WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. 188 (Rahr, M 2) of October 15 cited Grigo- renko who called attention to the clause in the Soviet constitution which discusses human and civil rights as being allowed "only in the interests of the workers." This, he believed, was tantamount to annulling the effectiveness of these freedoms for the Soviet citizen.

A talk with former member of the Soviet Writers' Union, Lev Khalif, was featured in GUEST OF THE WEEK No. 51 (Rudolf, NY 16:30) of October 16, Khalif, the author of two unpublished novels, discussed his background, the character of the writers' union and his reasons for emigrating from the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union is attempting to liquidate its human rights movement PANORAMA (Mirsky, P 5) of October 16 pointed out, using an article by Daniel Verne from Le Monde.

Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine continued to be read in DOCUMENA OF OUR TIME No. 142 (Burshtein, M 28) of October 15.

Yerofeyev's Moscow-Petushki. continued.to be featured in THE UN- PUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No, 762 (Kunta, M 26:30) of October .15.

2. Soviet -American Relations- were discussed in WORLD THIS WEEK No. 373 (Savemark,' W 5:30) of October 15, which focused on Vance's. briefings tO the Senate on the progress of the strategic arms limitation talks. It was noted that Vance informed the. Senate commission on foreign affairs that; during the sequence of continuing contacts.with the Soviet side,'definite progress has been made. Comments by .Senators.Church.and Jackson were cited using tape -cuts in English.

The United States has raised the ceiling for Soviet purchases 01 American grain, WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. 188 (Shilaeff, NY 1:30) of October 15 pointed out. The program .gave background on the 19.75.agreement which obligated the Soviet Union to purchase a minimum amount of grain from the US annually. Reference was made to the recent US decision to allow the Soviet Union to increase its purchases by 15 million tons during' the course of the next twelve months.

The progress in the SALT II negotiations was discussed in SIGNAL No. 440 (Predtechevsky, M 12) of October 16 using extensive excerpts of an article in The New York Times.

3. The Day of the Soviet Worker in the Food Industries was observed in WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. 188 (Kroncher and Predtechevsky, M 3) of October 15. It was noted that the relationship between light and heavy industry during the present five-year plan is even more unfavorable for light industry than it was in the previous plan. The program discussed the role of the private farms which occupy three per cent of the arable land and provide one-fourth Of the country's produce, opining that the lot of this sector has worsened due to the new Soviet constitution. The article which states that the government controls these individual farms "in the interests of the society" was cited.

4. The Discovery of Oil Deposits in the Sea of Okhotsk was reported in WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL; THE SOVIET UNION No. 188 (Pre- dtechevsky, M 2) of October 15, which pointed out the significance of the discovery in light of the bleak prospects for Soviet oil supplies predicted in the CIA report. The program noted that the Soviet Union owes a lot to the Japanese company Sodeko which supplied the necessary modern oil -research equipment and specialists who played a role in this discovery.

5. The Soviet Film "Diversion for Little Old Men" was discussed in GALICH AT THE MICROPHONE (Galich, P'12:30) of October 15. In the movie _a group of retirees construct a bus for the fun of it. The program discUssed the film's reception by a French audience which had no understanding for the men's glee at constructing the bus and were confused by the total absence of "conflict" in the film. The author pointed out that the "fun" consisted in the fact that the bus was not "planned," and that it was quite understandable that a healthy society would not comprehend the conflict which is a phenomenon known only in socialist planned societies. The program ended with a song about the cravings of an old man.

6. The Unsuccessful Flight of the Sovuz-25 was discussed in the context of the history, of malfunctions in the Salyut-Soyuz program in WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. 188 (Levin, M 1) of October 15.

7. History. LET US RETURN TO HISTORY No. 35 (lenkina, M'29) of October 15 dealt with the events of the first week of October in 1917. The Temporary Council of the Republic was meeting in Peters- burg. Trotsky, acting on a decision by Lenin and the majority of the Bolshevik Party CC, declared the withdrawl of the Bolsheviks from this preparliament.

8. REVIEW OF THE FOREIGN RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE PRESS No. 60 (Shaiovich, M 12) of October 16 excerpted an article by Vasili Betaki from Posey which was dedicated to the memory cE Tatyana Grigorevna Gnedich, a poetess, pedagogue and one of the founders of the contemporary school of Russian poetry translations, who died recently.

9. Writers "Poputchiki." FIFTY YEARS AGO THIS WEEK.No.159 liFe (Gendler, NY 13:30) of October 16 featured background on the "poputchik" and writings of Mikhail Zoshchenko whose reputation as a was formed during the 1920s. -4-,

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 29 (Vardy, M 20) of October'16 described the disturbances in East Berlin which resulted in clashes between groups of youth and the "people's police." Although the protest originally concerned the authorities' pro- hilition of a popular jazz orchestra's participation in an open air concert, it soon took on political coloration when the youths loudly expressed their solidarity with Wolf Biermann. The Sued- deutsche Zeitunq was cited on other GDR disturbances while an article from Die Welt was excerpted positing reasons for the present mood in the GDR. Die Zeit was quoted at length describing "interschop," a GDR trade network which provides goods for Western currency. The PUWP CC plenum was discussed, with special '

reference to Gierek's speech and his statements on economic problems. He admitted that the country is lacking in consumer goods and products, especially meat. In connection with the 'food crisis, the program referred tO reports from Leszek Moczulski of a miners' strike near Katowice over food shortages. He emphasized that the authorities took no measure against the strikers but rather admitted the validity of their demands and supplied them with additional provisions. The Financial Times was cited in this connection. Reference was also made to a Romanian miners' strike, which was strongly disclaimed by the Romanian government. Two Romanian samizdat documents describing this strike were quoted at length. The program cited an article from The Times (London) on the reasons behind the miners' discontent: the hew law on pensions

which increased the contribution demanded of workers for the pension fund, food shortages and obsolete equipment. It was noted that subsequently the government announced the need to increase democracy within mining industry and promised to raise miners' salaries

35 per cent during the current five-year plan. The government also immediately sent additional food supplies to the region. Finally, the program excerpted statements by Zdenek Mlynar at a press conference in Paris organized by the International Committee in Support of of the Charter 77 Movement in connection with the publication

the French edition of The White Book about Czechoslovak-numan rights violations. A letter addressed to Husak from Slansky's

widow censoring the authorities' persecution of the Charter member was included.

2. China' Foreign and Domestic Policies in the Documents of the Eleventh Party Congress were analyzed in PEKING AND ITS POLICY No. 440 (Shilaeff, NY 9) of October 16, which pointed out that

although the present:internal policies are following Mao's directives, in fact they are closer to the decisions of the eighth congress on of 1956. Special reference was made,to the current emphasis modernizing the armed forces and raising the country's standard of living. An article from The Wall Street Journal was used.

AL- .. OF 3. Romania's Nationalist Awareness was the topic of PROBLEMS INTERNATIONALISM No. 26 (Silnicky, NY 9:30) of October 16, which the was based on articles by Milovan Djilas. The program described

evolution of Romania's independent foreign policy, the basic thesis inter- of which is that not nationalism but rather the policies of ference and the possibility of military intervention create the which real danger for the solidarity within the socialist system of Romania considers itself to be a part.

in 4. The Siutation in Poland was analyzed by Michael Dobbs The Sunday Times, which was excerpted in PANORAMA (Vovchok, L 5) of October 16.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS: 373 1. Belgrade Developments were discussed in WORLD THIS WEEK No. the (Perouansky, M 5:30) of October 15, which pointed out that while de- East bloc has concentrated on the discussion of disarmament and should be tente, the Western delegates, believing that such dialogue discussing held at Geneva or Vienna, has emphasized the importance of those areas on the observation of basic freedoms and human rights. of the The program pointed to the rather open and concrete speeches representatives from Holland, the United States and France.

Roitaian, ROUND TABLE TALK No. 32 (Nadirashvili, Perouansky, Bensi and of M 20) of October 15 discussed the results of the first two weeks RL's the Belgrade meeting including the first-hand impressions from special correspondent.

The Vatican delegate's speech at the Belgrade Conference was discussed and excerpted in RELIGION IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD No. 301 (Bensi, M 9) of October 15., While positively assessing the increase

in contacts between religious groups, the Vatican delegate expressed

concern over the violations of the provisions for religious freedom in the CSCE Final Act in some countries.

The Belgrade meeting was the topic of an article by Don Cook in The Atlantic, which was excerpted in PANORAMA (Gendler, NY 5) of October 16.

15 2. The UN. WORLD THIS WEEK No. 373 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30) of October discussed the disagreement over the question of PLO representation

and participation at the Geneva Middle East conference. The program self- also dealt with the discussion in the UNGA third committee on determination for Zimbabwe and Namibia. Reference was made to the statement by the American representative in this committee which expressed faith in the possibility of a peaceful transition to majority rule. -6-

3.. The Conclusion of Tito's Three Day Visit to Paris was a topic of WORLD THIS WEEK No. 373 (Ryser, P 2) of October 15, which pointed out that nothing occurred to alter the Franco- Yugoslav status-quo: France and Yugoslalia remain on the best economic and political terms. They both support detente politics and are both concerned over the situation in the Middle East and Africa.

4. Wages and Pensions in Western Countries were discussed in PROBLEMS OF SOCIETY AND ECONOMICS No. 72 (Glasenapp, M 10) of October 16, which used an article in the Sueddeutsche Zeitunq giving statistics on the economic situation in West Germany, including wages, inflation levels , pensions and taxes

5. An Interview with Moshe Dayan in "Newsweek" was excerpted in PANORAMA (Zuckerman, NY 5) of October 16.

6. The Conclusion of the British Conservative Party Congress was discussed in WORLD THIS WEEK No. 373 (Vovchok, L 3:30) of October 15, which referred to Margaret Thatcher's speech.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS 07 NOrt-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The New Tendencies of European Philosonhy After World War Two were analyzed in PHILOSOPHY IN THE CHANGING WORLD No. 24 (Piatigorsky, L 17) of October 16.

2. Solar Energy was discussed as a possible energy source of the future in TOMORROW OF THE PLANET EARTH No. 231 (Patrushev, M 9) of October 16 which was pegged to Solarcon 77, the first national exhibition on solar energy which involved the participation of more than 100 commercial firms.

3. Castles in France were the topic of CULTURE, EVENTS, PEOPLE (Gladilin, P 10) of October 15, which described the Frenchmen's devotion to architecture and the weekend custom to flock to the castles in the countryside.

4. The Essence of the "Internal" Revolution of Early Christianity in the moral consciousness of mankind was discussed in MORALITY IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD No. 10 (Shmeman, NY 9) of October 16.

5. The Virgin Mary's Role in Christian Philosophy continued to be discussed in SUNDAY TALK No. 5 (Shmeman, NY 9) of October 15.

gk/SL -7 -

NEWS COVElt AGE newscasts of these stories in their All RFT VD s and RUNS carried October 15:

The.Dubai-Schleyer affairs. of the hijackers. ended with the death of one A. bus hijacking in Japan says violat- strongly,aorded editorial which Rude lravo has issued a overlooked, ions of the law cannot be the chances says he's optimistic about 'Egypt's President Anwar Sadat Settlement in the Mideast, of reaching a peace "favor" creation. of to. have said he does. not Jimmy Carter is reported state."_ "an independent. Palestinian working out a about the chances of Carter again expressed optimism new SALT agreement. to . . pOlitical parties ha S told his country's The PreSident of Portugal the nation's economic work together to .overcome put politics aside and and social problems. was a threat worldwide armaments race Willy. krandt.:warned that the to stability and peace. 'Tito. Ietter-to Yugoslav President President Carter has sent a and five othor invited Andrei Sakharov leader of the AFL-010 has convention. :Mb labor organization's SoViet citizens to attend the nine cities sent a that Soviet Jews from The New York Times reported are trying conference charging authorities letter "to the 1.1eirrade to Israel. and minimize emigration to stamp out Jewish culture 8 7 NEWS COVERAGE

their newscasts o All RFE bDs and R.h/NS carried these stories in October 16: German indust7 The fate of -87 hijack hostages and a kidnapped West rialist is still unknown. or its corres- The French communist newspaperillumanite says one a trial which pondents has been denied a Czechoslovak visa to attend renortedly may begin Monday. been detained Two Polish Members of Amnesty International have

hopes for a U.S. Secretary of State Cyrus Vance says he still Geneva Pideastpeace conference this year. in the SALT. talks.' There have been further reports of progress a church service attended by Neutron bomb opponents have disrupted President Carter. to topple' IrerAer Portuf:a]'s second stronrest.party'hasstrongest threatened rario SoareS' minority government.

Communists have staged a big rally.-

Ptesident Tito is going to Portugal.

Cuban leader Fidel Castro is in Jamaica.. TIUng,ary at the end of the ,erench Premier Raymond Barre will go'. to month.

item. Y) The Bulgarian BD did not use this a

. RADIO LIBERTT.DAILY.BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 247

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language 'programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily. Broadcast Analysis No. 247 for Monday, 17 October 1977 J. Vale/D. Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL: Soviet -US Relations. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 296 (Orshansky, W 3:30) highlighted the recent buzzing of a US destroyer some 300 nautical miles off. the US East,Coast by two Soviet TU-95 D ("Bear") bombers.. It was noted that upon' the approach of US fighters, the Soviet pilots scattered metal foil in .an unsuccess- attempt to fool US radar. Reference was made'to similar incidents earlier this year off. Bermuda and the coast of 'North Carolina.

NEW YORK REPORT No. 689-77 (Konson, NY 3) focused on the US exhibition "Oil and Gas 77" which has just opened in Moscow, noting the scope of the exhibition, and quoting exhibition participants on the lengthy shopping list presented by Soviet enterprises. Reference was also made to the American oilmen's skepti- cism on the CIA prediction of dwindling Soviet oil production. The script was based on US press reports.

2. Human Rights. NOTE (Roitman, MI) pointed Out that although all Belgrade conference participants expressed their intention to retrain from polemics, certain questions are 'causing sharp con- . frontation,,including that of the Continuing human rights violations In Eastern Europe andthe Soviet Union.. It was noted that. 143 . Congressmen sent Carter a letter requesting that the question of the fate of Aleksandt Ginzburg and the.other'meMbers of the Soviet CSCE monitoring group be raised at. the conference. This letter was prompted .by anjappeal from:Solzhenitsyn to Congressman .:James Jeffordsi on behalf of Ginzburg.- The congressional leader -pointed out .that the' matter transcends the question.of the fates -of these particular individuals; Writing that if the Soviet Union violates the, human tights provisions of the.CSCE Final Act it' raises. the question of. the worth of. the whole document and that of.confidenCe.in any agreement with' the Soviet Union. Reference was also made to . Continuing Soviet interference with emigration. It was also. reported. that the-AFL-CIO invited six Soviet citizens, including ' SakharoV And Nadezhda Mandelshtam'to attend. their congress 'in, December: SPECIAL FEATURE (Orshansky, NY 4:30) focused on AFL-CIO President George Meany's invitation to Sakharov, Nedezhda Mandelshtam, Aleksandr Podrabinek, Anatoliy Marchenko, Vladimir Borisov and Valentin Ivanov to attend the AFL-CIO's annual congress in Los Angeles in December. The program summarized and quoted from Meany's letter to President Carter which referred to the bill removing barriers to the entry of communist visitors to the US, and expressed the hope that the Soviet authorities would grant the persons concerned exit visas and permission to return. The script concluded by referring to Sakharov's reply to Meany thanking him for his invitation, but expressing doubt that he would be allowed to leave the country.

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS No. 1355 (Burshtein, M 27) featured the text of appeals by a teacher of Ukrainian and former political prisoner Vasil Ovsiyenko to the head of the Radonyshl rayon education department (Zhitomir Oblast) and to the Ukrainian SSR Education Minister for permission to work in his specialty and to the Ukrainian SSR State Prosecutor for removal of the "administrative supervision" to which he had been subjected. The program also presented the first part of a document authored by Tatyana Khodorovich, Melva Landa and Kronid Lyubarsky, administrators of the Russian Social Fund founded by Solzhenitsyn for aid to political prisoners and their families, on official hindrance of the Fund's operation, and instances of the infringe- ment upon prisoners' rights.

The misuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union was the topic of an article by Peter Reddaway in The Observer , featured in LONDON REPORT (Vovchok, L 4:30) which made special reference to the cases of Aleksandr Podrabinek and Felix Serebrov.

Venedikt Yerofeyev's Moscow-Petushki continued to be read in UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 763 (Kunta, M 23).

3. An Interview with American Publishers who Participated at thee Moscow Book Fair was summarized in NEW YORK REPORT No. 690-77 (Shidlovsky, NY. 2:30), which pointed out that the group had made a recommendation to the American delegation in Belgrade concerning the establishment of two American book stores in the Soviet Union. These stores would be able to sell uncensored English-language material in the way existing Soviet stores in New York and Washington are doing.

4. Soviet Agriculture. MAN ON THE EARTH No. 159 (Lobas, NY 8:30) pointed to the discrepancy between theory and practice in Soviet agriculture, drawing a parallel between Gomulka and Khrushchev whose agricultural policies, based on the unsound advice of "experts'; led to food shortages resulting in internal unr,est. The script quoted from a Gomulka interview published in Grani, and Aleksandr Zinovev's Yawning Heights. B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Human Rights. NOTE (Bensi, M 5) fOcused on the trial of four of Czechoslovakia's most prOminent dissidents: former theater director Ota Ornest, journalist Jiri Lederer, former theater director Frantisek Pavlicek and playwright Vaclav Havel. The charges were reported to include "slandering the state" in articles published abroad. The program challenged the premise that such articles could be considered slander, and pointed out that the trial is in violation of the ,CSCE Final Act provision for the free exchange of ideas and information.

A French protest against the Charter 77 trial in Czechoslovakia was the topic of PARIS REPORT (Salkatanova, P 8), which featured the text of an appeal by the French intelligentsia to free the four human rights activists involved and excerpted an article from l'Humanite which illustrated the French, including communist, public protest. This article emphasized that Vaclav Havel is a world known playwright and one of the prominent human rights activists in Czechoslovakia and reminded its readers that the Charter is a manifesto calling for civil rights.

The Charter 77 trial was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi arid Rahr, M 4:30), which used articles from La Stampa Sera, The Financial Times ,The Daily Telegraph and the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung.

3. PRC-Taiwan Competition for the Favors of American Citizens of Chinese Background. NEW YORK REPORT No. 676-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3) pointed to the striving of both the PRC and Taiwan for the support of Chinese-American citizens and the relative "success of the PRC. It was noted that all three Nobel prize Winners of Chinese ethnic origin, American citizens, were invited by the Chinese goNiernment for a visit and shown great respect.

4. Polish Poet Aleksander Wet's "My Century" continued to be discussed in EAST EUROPEAN TESTIMONIES No. 69 (Gorbanevskaya, P 14), which focused on his references to Stalin's having deliberately paralyzed the German Communist Party between the two world wars, and to the reasons why intellectuals were attracted by communism.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. 'The Environment. UN REPORT No. 156-77 (Sykowsky, NY 3) reported on the intergovernmental conference which has opened in Tbilisi on education in the field of environmental protection. The program focused on the speeches of UNESCO Director-General Amadou Mahtar M'Bow and UNEP Executive Director Mostafa K. Tolba calling for greater efforts in this, field, and referred briefly to Brezhnev's message to the conference. Also mentioned was the case of UNESCO department director Sorin.Dumitrescu, who, according to official UNESCO sources, has been detained by the Romanian authorities for refusing to serve his country as a secret agent; intervention attempts on his behalf, including those by M'Bow, have been to no avail.

2. West German Terrorism. NOTE (Rahr, M 5) gave the background of tenorism in West Germany starting with events in 1970 and provided profiles on those terrorists whose freedom has been demanded by Schleyer's abductors.

The Lufthansa hijacking was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 4) which excerpted articles from the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Die Presse and the Tages-Anzeiger.

The Lufthansa hijacking was a topic of WORLD TODAY (Rahr, M 5).

3. The Middle East. NOTE (Nadirashvili, M 4:30) opined that the convening of the Geneva peace talks is no longer considered tantamount to a resolution of the Middle East conflict, because there is still basic disagreement over the rights of the Palestinians and who represents the Palestinians.

4. Vance's Interview on "Meet the Press" was excerpted in NEW YORK REPORT No. 692-77 (Davydov, NY 3).

5. Clashes between Carter and the Senate on Energy Policy were discussed in ECONOMIC OBSERVER No. 281-77 (Dreier, NY 3:30), which noted that Carter's proposals were accepted by the House although with minor changes.

6. American Policy on Africa was the subject of NEW YORK REPORT No. 688-77 (Dudin, NY 3:30), which used an article from US News and World Report pointing out the emphasis on the development and expansion of American third world policy. The program was pegged to the Washington reception of the head of the Nigerian government.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Agriculture in the US'. MAN ON THE EARTH No. 159 (Lobas, NY 5) referred to articles in the Federationalist on the major contribution of scientific research to US agriculture, and in Farmers' Digest, on the use of solar energy for irrigation purposes on an Arizona farm.

s. 2. Reflections on Poetry, in Particular So-Called "Pure Poetry," were offered in WEIDLE TALK No. 348, (Weidle, P 7:30). The program referred to a book he wrote on the subject in 1937.

3. The Films "Padre Padrone" and "Short Eves," shown at the 15th New York International Film Festival, were given positive reviews in, CINEMA IN NEW YORK No. 49 (Gabay, NY 7).

4. A Travelogue of San Marino was offered by Alexander Galich in GALICH AT THE MICROPHONE (Galich, P 11). Galich sang a song inspired by the view from his, hotel window, and briefly referred to a festival organized by the Christian Democratic Party at which he sang his songs and talked to the people on various subjects.

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Rahr, M 8:30) consisted of B-1 (Bensi and Rahr, M 4:30) and C-2 (Bensi, M 4).

WORLD TODAY (Henkin, M 59) included compiled first-run programming on the following topics: the background on German terrorism (Rahr, M 5), the Charter 77 trial (Bensi, M 2), human rights developments in the USSR and the congressmen's appeal for Ginzburg (Roitman, M 2), a press conference on the Charter 77 trial (Salka- zanova, P 4:30), The Observer on Podrabindk and Serebrov (Vovchok, L'3), a document by the distributors of the Russian Social Fund (Khodorovich, Landa and Lyubarsky, M 3), American publishers on participation in the Moscow International Book Fair (Szydlowski, M 2), the AFL-CIO invitation to Sakharov and others (Orshansky, W 2:30), the reminiscences of Alexander Wat (Gorbanevskaya, P 5), Middle East developments (Nadirashvili, M 1:30), Moscow-Petushki (Yerofeyev, M 5:30) and a song inspired by a visit to San Marino (Galich, P 1).

gk/SL 6

NEWS COVERAGE - in their newscasts of All RFE BDs and RUNS carried these stories October 16: pilot of a hijacked West Terrorists who today shot to. death. the their 86 remaining hostages German airliner now say they will kill 'at -0130 CET.,' the hijackers has provoked: The murder of the airliner's pilot by world-wide eqlls.for action to end.air.piracy. on charges of subversive The trial of four Czechoslovak.intellectlials .-activities has begun in Prague. . in Belgrade travel re- The U.S. and 'West Germany have criticized striqtions-imposed by some countries. several areas have been WashirKton says U.S,-Soviet differences in a progressive manner. narrowed and discussions are going on in visit to Portugal. President Tito of Yugoslavia has begun a attacked Chinese leaders in a Bulp;arian Premier Stanko Tpdorov has speech in'Sofia. there are many possibilities Poland and the United States- have agreed 'for increasing trade between them. to the countries he will . President Carter has added Saudi Arabia visit, during his tour next month. have committed ministers of the nine Common -Market countries Finance growth. their governments to aim at increased economic visit.Poland Tuesday. Soviet' Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko is td Marxists have irreconcilable Italian dardinal says Christians and An state. differences .over their Conceptions of the nearly all remaining political A_ law providing for the release of prisoners in Spain has gone into forge-. way for the Anglo-4renCh The U.S. Supreme.Court.has cleared the in. New York. . - Concorde supersonic airliner to land OCTOBER 1977 RFE YOUTH PROGRAM FOR MONDAY, 17

Nagy Hungarian YOUTH MAGAZINE - Editor: J.

Munich, 6.30 minutes script). 1. East German Youth, (Balogh, Zeitung,, Source: Die Welt, October 11, and Stuttgarter October 13.

Rome, 7:30 minUtes, 2. The School Reform in Italy. (A. Toth, tape).

Artisans, (Halasz, Munich, 3. Intellectuals Who Are Trained as 6 minutes, script).

Munich, 6 minUtes, 4. The New Fashion for Teenagers. (Nagy, script). Source: Die Weltwoche, September 14.

minutes, script). 5. Rock Music News. (Balogh, Munich, 2

(Unless otherwise indicated, the language of the scripts, tapes, and sources is the language of the BD.)

v- RADIO LIBERTY. DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO 248

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 248 for Tuesday, 18 October 1977 D. Felton/J. Vale

A. SOVIET TOPICS - POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

(Dreyer, NY 2:30) 1. Soviet -US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT No. 287 banking noted US press reports that Soviet delegates at the world in congress taking place in New York have expressed interest The . opening a branch of the Moscow Narodny Bank in New York. modify script said proposals being discussed'in Congress to other countries the reciprocity principle in banking relations with banks in could indeed lead to the opening of branches of Soviet New York.

of NOTE 2. Kondrashov's Speech at Belgrade was the subject (Nadirashvili, M 6). Kondrashov asserted that there are no Union objective reasons for massive emigration from the Soviet citizens because there is no unemployment. Therefore, Soviet considerations. do not need to resort to emigratiOn_out.of economic logic The program challenged this point, noting the misleading between employed and emphasizing the spurious connection drawn It alleged lack of unemployment and the right of emigration.. cite was also pointed out that some Soviet 'citizens do indeed Union'. economic grounds for their decision to leave the Soviet the The program used statistics from' documents prepared by which American Commission on. Security and Cooperation in Europe norm by indicate that Soviet workers fulfilling the production families with .140% are still not in a position to supply their normal requirements.

Klepikova, 3. Human Rights. SPECIAL FEATURE No. 5910 (Hendler, Solovev, Amalrik and L. Alekseyeva, NY 29) presented a round- table talk on the letter by Solovev and his wife Klepikova, published in early October in The New York Times, which ex- presses criticism of Soviet dissidents. Human rights were discussed in an open letter from Andrei Amalrik to The New York Times, featured in WASHINGTON REPORT No. 298 (Orshansky, W 6).

Sinyavsky's acceptance speech at the peace prize award ceremony in Oslo was reviewed in WORLD TODAY (Sinyavsky, M 7:30).

4. Soviet Pressure on the Organizers of the Biennale was the topic of NOTE (Bensi, M 4), which pointed to the pressure being .exerted on Italian industrial enterprises having contacts with the Soviet Union and a threat made by Popov in a recent interview to an Italian weekly that Soviet -Italian cultural relations might be cut off should the activities of the "Biennale of dissidents" continue.

5. Literature. In CULTURE, EVENTS, PEOPLE (Gladilin, P 10) former Soviet writer Anatoliy Gladilin, reflecting on the question of whether his book Mv Literary Generation (just published by Prof. Karl Proffer of the University of Michigan)was of .interest to the West, observed that it took Solzhenitsyn and Gulag Archipelago to wake up the West to what was going on in the USSR. He also spoke of the emigration to the West of mediocre Soviet writers whose declared opposition to the regime was due rather to the fact that they were not recognized owing to their lack of talent. Gladilin noted that nearly all "third generation" emigre writers are or had been members of the Writers Union. He paid tribute to Solzhenitsyn's greatness as a writer, but pointed to a "Solzhenitsyn cult" and his limitations in, for example, political matters.

In WEIDLE TALK No. 349 (Weidle, P 9:30), Russian emigre writer and art expert Vladimir Weidle gave an extensive quotation from his book The Withering_of Art, published in 1936-37, in which he said art was declining because of its decreasing orientation toward that which is higher than man.

6. The Emigre Press. REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOREIGN PRESS No. 59 (Schajovicz, M 10:3,0) featured the abridged text of an article on signs of a relaxation in the official policy on dissidents in Poland (Russkava Mvsl, September 15), and an account by former Danish Communist Mogens Carlson of his experiences in a Soviet concentration camp (ibid.

7. Art SPECIAL FEATURE (A. Vardy, M 6) presented a tribute to the late Ukrainian emigre artist Boris Kryukov on the tenth anniversary of his death. Quotes were given from articles by Nadezhda Sobko in the Ukrainian emigre journal Svoboda, Tatyana Fesenko in the Russian Novy Zhurnal and Argentine art critics in Atlantida and La Nation. 'c

AFFAIRS: B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST was a 1. The Prague Trial of Four Prominent Dissidents topic of WORLD TODAY (Roitman, M 3:30).

REVIEW (Bensi, The dissident trial was also discussed in PRESS from the and Predtechevsky, M 4), which excerpted articles Frankfurter Corriere della Sera, The Times (London) and the Allgemeine Zeitung.

Government 2. The Problems Being Encountered by the GDR featured in were the topic of an article in Der Spiegel, ARTICLE (Predtechevsky, M 4).

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS: working The Belgrade Conference. has moved into the 1. excerpting group stage, NOTE (Perouansky, M 4) pointed out, and French speeches of the American, Soviet, West German the areas. representatives dealing with cooperation in humanitarian over con- The American representative expressed disappointment countries; the tinuing human rights violations in several reunification and of West German discussed problems of family the Soviet marriages between citizens of different countries; necessitating emphasized the lack of objective conditions expressed people to emigrate; and the French representative of citizens 'his disappointment over governments' persecution right in the CSCE engaged in activities guaranteed to be their Final Act.

HELSINKI Reaction in the US to the'Belgrade Conference. David AND.HUMAN RIGHTS No. 89 (R. Dudin, NY 8:30). quoted "counterattack" ,Shipler of The New York.TiMes, on Brezhnev's speech on the new Opening day of the conference in his on the references to Soviet constitution, and Other American media KGB .chief grim symbolism Of. the arrival in Belgrade of the against Andropov, and public reaction to the harsh sentences efforts in Rudenko and Tikhiy. The script noted continued -Attorney General support of human' rights by such persons as ex Goldberg and Ramsey Clark, but said the selection of Arthur US.and Vorontsov as chief.delegates indicates that the. a major ideo- USSR do not intend to turn the conference into logical battle:.

were Terrorism in the FRG and the Lufthansa Hilacking. 2. detailed discussed in NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 8), which gave a freed account of how the West German anti-terrorist unit background the hostages aboard the Lufthansa airliner and gave 1972 after on the anti-terrorist squad which was formed in terrorists. the murder of the Israeli sportsmen by Palestinian

- 4 -

The psychology of terrorism was discussed in NOTE (Henkin, M.4) which pointed to the propagandistic aspect of terrorism and the desire of the terrorists to defeat their opponents "morally." In the Mogadishu affair, it was opined that the West German government was considered the clear moral victor. A second goal of terrorism wascbserved to be the demoralization and paralyzing of society through a show of potential force. In this case as well, the goal was not reached.

The potential consequences of the events at Mogadishu were analyzed in NOTE. ahr, M 5), which opined that the deadlock over the drafting of a comprehensive international anti-terrorist convention might now be broken.

The operations at Mogadishu were discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Mannheim and Bensi, M 2:30), which used articles from the Sueddeutsche Zeitung, Le Quotidien de Paris and the Extra-bladet.

3. The American Supreme Court Decision According the Concorde Trial Landing Rights was discussed in NEW YORK REPORT (Storozhenko, NY 2), which reviewed the background of this twenty-month conflict pointing to the complaint by New York residents over the plane's high noise levels.

LONDON REPORT (Chtgunov, L 1:30) focused on the jubilant British reaction to the Concorde's receipt of New York landing rights and cited a British Airways representative on planned flights between , London and New York.

PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 2) also dealt with reaction to the Concorde decision citing comments by Prime Minister Barre, the French Minister of Transport and the Air France president.

4. Detente. UN REPORT No. 157-77 (Bykowsky, NY 3:30) focused on the reaction in the UN General Assembly's First Political Com- mittee to the Soviet proposal ,presented by Oleg Troyanovsky, to adopt a declaration on the strengthening of international detente, and a resolution on the 'prevention of a nuclear war. Saudi Arabian delegate Barudi said as long as mistrust existed between the leaders of great and small powers, declarations and resolutions would be of no avail, and suggested that the great powers disclose the size of their arsenals and solemnly obligate themselves never to use them first. Sri Lanka delegate Singh described the Soviet proposals as a rehash of the UN Charter, and described the SALT talks as ridiculous. 5

5. The Spanish Parliament Passed a New Law on Amnesty for political prisoners, NOTE (Garcia, M 4) pointed out. Political commentators were cited lauding the decision and evaluating the new law as one of the most important historical steps on the path to overcoming this last tragic period of Spanish history.

6. The US and the ILO. CONTRIBUTION TO THE "ABROAD" SERIES No. 30 (Storozhenko, NY 6) highlighted efforts by the State Department, foreign governments including those of the EEC countries, and Pope Paul to keep the US in the ILO, which it may decide to leave on the insistence of AFL-CIO President George Meany, who considers the organization a political forum for communist -oriented trade unions. The script used an article by Abraham Ruskin in The New York Times

7. Carter's Plan to Create a New Government Institution on Inter- national Relations was discussed in NEW YORK REPORT No. 681-77 (Storozhenko, NY 2), which noted that this new organ will be based on the amalgamation of two existing agencies - the United States Information Agency and the Bureau of Education and Culture. This new institution will deal with cultural and information exchanges. It was added that the Voice of America will come under its direction.

8. The US Economy. NEW YORK REPORT No. 693-77 (Storozhenko, NY 2:30) pointed to a crisis in the US iron and steel industry due to its decreasing competitiveness and a sharp increase in world production. The script used an article by Michael Jenson in The New York Times.

D. CUIZURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

None.

PRESS REVIEW (Predtechevsky, Mannheim and Bensi, M 6:30) consisted of B-1 (Bensi and Predtechevsky, M 4) and C-2 (Mannheim and Bensi, M 2:30).

WORLD TODAY (Matusevich, M'5'9) included compiled first -run programming on the following subjects: the operation at Mogadishu (Predte- chevsky, M 4:30), the position of African countries on terrorism (Rahr, M 4:30), the moral implications of Mogadishu (Henkin, M 2:30), press review excerpts (41annheim, Bensi and Predtechevsky, M 5), the opposition in Czechoslovakia (Silnitskaya, NY 4:30) and Moscow pressure on the Biennale organizers (Bensi, M 3:30). ,

gk/MB

r koilft

NEWS COVERAGE in their newscasts of All 'WE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories October 113: wl, The hostages or the hijacked Lufthansa' jet were freed lrst night West German commandos stormed the plane. prison Three West Gorman terrorists have committed suicide in their cells. Czechoslovaks were convicted today on charges of sub- 1 Four prominent versive activity.' deep The United States and .other Western nations have expressed Concern over the trial in Prague. Somalia erit The USSR has confirmed it has cut off arms supplies to stenped up'support for Ethiopia. countrir Sudanese President Numeiry appealed today to socialist Moe Africa. to "force- the Soviet Union to stop supplying arms to Eldat leader Arafat met today with Egyptian President Palestinian conreronce. for talks on efforts to reconvene a Middle East peace Soviet dissident Tatyana Khodorovich plans to emigrate. Andrei Gromyko has met with Edward Gierek in Warsaw. morning wit} British Premier James Callaghan conferred in Bonn this West German Chnncellor Helmut Schmidt. two days 01 Polish Premier Jaroszewicz today left Sofia where he had talks with Bulgarian leaders and signed several documents. -

-RADIO.LIBERTY,DAILY.BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 249

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 249 for Wednesday, 19 October 1977 J. Vale/D. Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS.-- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Policy in the Horn of Africa. NOTE (Rahr; M 5:30) was pegged to the official assurance given to Ethiopia by Soviet Ambassador Ratanov that the USSR had stopped supplying arms to Somalia long before July 23, when Somalia began large-scale operations against Ethiopia. The program observed that the turning point in Soviet-Somali relations came earlier than suggested by Ratanov, and was probably connected with Presi- dent Barre's rejection of the Soviet plan for a federation of socialist countries in the area. Somalia may now receive economic aid on the scale previously provided by the USSR from the West, in particular from Western Germany. Chancellor Schmidt has assured Barre that the FRG will not forget his cooperation in the release of the aircraft hostages. The program noted the hqpglessness of the Ethiopian regime's conducting warfare against a substantial part of its own population as well as against an external foe, and noted Sudanese President Numeiri's appeal that the Soviet leaders stop inundating African countries with their arms.

2. Human Rights in the Soviet Union were discussed in NOTE (Vardy, M 4:30), which was pegged to a letter from a group of famous Soviet human rights defenders, including Sakharov and Grigorenko, to the World Association of Psychiatrists. The letter was on behalf of Aleksandr Podrabinek and Iosif. Tereli, both of whom were said to be under threat of arrest. The program reviewed the activities of these two men, noting that.Podrabinek is the author of the book Punitive Medicine, published abroad, which dealt with Soviet psychiatric malpractice for political purposes. Tereli is also the author of a samizdat publication dealing with Soviet psychiatry. Reference was made to the decision of Tatyana Khodorovich to leave the Soviet Union, and her dissident activities were reviewed. SPECIAL FEATURE (Gladilin, P 25:30) presented the first part of .an RL interview with Valentin Turchin, chairman of the Moscow section of Amnesty International, upon his arrival in Vienna. Turchin spoke of his dissident activities, in particular with Amnesty International and Orlov's Helsinki Watch Group, and referred to Andrey Tverdokhlebov, Sergey Kovalev, Yuri Orlov and Mikola Rudenko. Turchin said he left the USSR in order to be able to continue his scientific work, and mentioned the fact that the authorities suggested he apply to emigrate to Israel:

Sakharov's article "Anxiety and Hope" was excerpted and discussed in NEW YORK REPORT No. 700-77 (Gendler, NY 5), which pointed out that this article was written on request by the Nobel committee arid will be published in 1978 in Norwegian, English, and other languages. Sakharov himself described the article as being best capsulized by the words of Martin Luther King: "Injustice in one area of the globe is a threat to justice in the whole world."

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS No. 1356 (Burshtein, M 27) featured a further installment of the document entitled Aid to Political Prisoners of the USSR compiled by Tatyana Khodorovich, Malva Landa and Kronid Lyubarsky, the administrators of the Solzhenitsyn Fund.

Venedikt Yerofeyev's Moscow-Petushki continued to be read in UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 764, (Kunta and Vishnevs- kaya, M 27).

3. Emigre Affairs. NEW YORK REPORT No. 695-77 (Astafev, NY 3:30) highlighted a congress of Russian church school teachers held in New Yoi.k by the School Department of the Eastern American and New York Eparchy, ,of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, and chaired by Metropolitan Filaret. Reference was made to Filaret's opening address in which he stressed the importance of the church schools and chief school inspector Georgiy Lukyanov's report in which he spoke of the need for new textbooks. Other topics of dis-110 cussion included special courses for teachers and school administrators, competitive examinations and coordination between schools.

MULTISTORIED AMERICA No. 31 (Storozhenko, NY 8) featured an interview with Leonid Dervbinsky, who together with his family emigrated to the US from the USSR in 1975 after his father had visited rela- tives in New York and been impressed with life in the US. Derv- binsky, who became US epee-fencing champion, spoke of his sporting career and life in the US.

4. History. PARTY HISTORY No. 21 (Avtorkhanov, M 13:30) outlined the developments immediately preceding and following the 1917 Feb- ruary Revolution, noting in particular that the Bolshevik party initially ignored the tactic insisted on by Lenin, then in emigration, of non-cooperation with the new "bourgeois" government. Also against Lenin's ,wishes, the party adopted resolutions on establishing control over the government via the soviets, and forcing it to conclude a peace treaty.

5. The Economy, NOTE (Kroncher, M 3:30) presented the findings of an analysis by Chase Manhattan Bank staffer Donald Green on the state of the Soviet economy. in mid-1977. In particular, the increase of labor productivity was less than that of industrial production, which could lead to further difficulties in view of the increasingly critical manpower situation. The 1977 harvest should be sufficient to substantially improve the meat situation. The deficit in trade with the West has been greatly reduced.

6. Soviet-American Relations were remarked to be improving in Zbigniew Brzezinski's speech at the Washington International Writers' Club, which was excerpted in WASHINGTON REPORT No. 299 (Orshansky, W 4).

7. Solzhenitsvn's Article in "The Baltimore Sun" on the Goals and Significance of the Library ---"Russia of the Twentieth centurv"-- being organized by himself was featured in NEW YORK REPORT No. 298- 77 (Davydov, NY 3:30).

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The Prague Trial was the topic of NOTE (Henkin, M 5), which reported the sentences of Czechoslovak human rights activists Ota-Ornest, Jiri Lederer, Frantisek Pavlicek and Vaclav Havel, observing that they were relatively light. The program discussed the significaftcb of the concurrence of the trial and the Belgrade conference. It was pointed out that if the government were to weaken its persecution of dissidents during the Belgrade meeting, it could be construed as tacit admission of the validity of the West's conception of human rights.

The Prague trial was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 1:30), which excerpted articles from Die Welt and Ii Manifesto.

L'Humanite's criticism of the Prague trial was excerpted in PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4), which pointed out that the Czecho- slovak authorities would not issue an entry visa to a l'Humanite correspondent who wished to cover the trial.

2. Communists and the Church in Italy. NOTE (Bensi, M 4:30) discussed the Berlinguer .open letter which announced that CPI members are -not obligated to be atheists, and that CPI .policy would not be to support religion, but would not fight against religion. Reference was made to the Vatican's reply in l'Osser- vatore Romano which.countered that Marxism is not acceptable for a Christian on purely religious grounds, and pointed out that in all existing countries of the Socialist camp religion is subject to repression. 3. Kolakowski's Speech upon receipt of the Frankfurt Book Fair Peace Prize was excerpted in NOTE (Vardy, M 3:30).

4. Bitter Enmity Between the Two Mongolias, An article by Harrison Salsbury in The New York Times was excerpted in NEW YORK REPORT No. 696 (Zuckerman, NY 3:30).

C. INTERNAT:IONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

'1.- West.German Terrorism. NOTE (NadiraShvili, M 3:30) reported the suicides of three West Getman terrorists'in the Stuttgart StammheimPrison, pointing to the as yet unexplained security lapses Which allowed, pistols to find their way into the terrorists' cells, as well as their means 'of contact with the outside world which.accounted.fOr the prisoners' knowledge of the events at ' Mogadishu.

British-German. cooperation in the Mogadishu operation was a' topic of WORLD TODAY (VOvchok, L 2:30).-

Brzezinski spoke on. the fight 'against terrorism in WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, N :30) Which used tape-cuts.

Callaghan dealt with British assistance for the Mogadishu raid in WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M :30).., Voice tapes were used.

Scheel discussed the commando raid and appealed to the kidnappers in wogm TODAY (Predtechevsky, M :30). Voice tapes were used.,

Wischnewski spoke about his role in freeing the hostages in WORLD TODNY (Predtechevsky, M :30). Voice tapes were used.

The Mogadishu operation was a topic' of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Henkin, M 6), which excerpted articles from the Sueddeutsche Zeitungt the Frankfurter Rundschau, Corriere della Sera, the Neue Zuercher Zeitung, the Hatzofeh and The Christian Science Monitol

Eyewitness reports on the events at Mogadishu were featured in WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 1) in the form of tape-cuts.

2. East-West Clashes at the Belgrade Conference were discussed in NOTE (Perouansky, M 4:30), which pointed to the relatively sharp exchanges in the working groups as compared with the plenary sessions. As a case in point, the Goldberg criticism of Czecho- slovakia's persecution of its CSCE monitoring groups and Charter 77 signatories and its refusal of entry visas to a l'Humanite correspondent were cited.

3. The Frankfurt Book Fair was the .popic of NOTE (Finkelstein, M 3), which discussed the recall of Walfraff's book from the stands at the fair which has met with the charge of "censorship." It was pointed out that a hearing is under way to determine whether the book contains slanderous material and until' the final decision is reached, the book is banned in Germany. The program asked the reader to decide for himself whether this constitutes "censorship."

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES

1. The Los Angeles' Application to Stage the 1984 Olympics was an item in MULTISTORIED AMERICA No. 31 (Storozhenko, NY 2:30).

2. American Students Touring Europe was an item in MULTISTORIED AMERICA No. 31 (Storozhenko, Ny 3).

3. A Calendar of Events which have taken place on October 19 over the years was featured in WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 4:30).

PRESS REVIEW (Henkin and Bensi, M7:30) consisted of B-1 (Bensi, M 1:30) and C-1 (Bensi and Henkin, M 6).

WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 59) included compiled first -run programming on the following topics: Soviet -Somali relations (Rahr, M 2:30), the Soviet economy in the middle'of 1977 (Kroncher, M 2), An appeal for Soviet political prisoners (Vardy, M 2), Turchin on his"harassment in the Soviet Union from 1973 unti his departure (Turchin, M 3), -the February revolution and the Bolsheviks ’ (Avtorkhanov, M 3), Moscow-Petushki (Yerofeyev, M 3), the Prague trial (Henkin, M 1:30); l'Humanite on the Prague trial (Mirsky, P 1:30), Belgrade developments (Perouansky, M 1:30) and Walraff and the Frankfurt Book Fair, (Finkelstein, M 1:30).

gk/SL

-b-

NEWS COVERAGE.

in their newscasts of All RFE Blls and RUNS carried these stories October 10: Hanne Martin :;chleyer Kidnapped West German industrial leader .has been found dead in France.' renorts confirm that the Bonn authorities say preliminary autopsy suicide. three dead Baader-Meinhof terrorists.comtitted banned.j.ust about every major The South African government today of the black majority. organization working to increase the right expresseddisMay that the Prague The U.S., Britain,and:Holland have was meeting. trial was held while the Belgrade conference Organization must be mentioned by 'Egypt. says the Palestine Liberation' Middle East peace conerence. name in the proposal 'for reconvening:the that Andrei Sakharov's The Soviet NoVosti agency has .charged Soviet law. activities werirquently contrary to , Washington today to discuss An international conference opened in the problems of using nuclear fuel. cancel his nine -nation tour President Carter says he might have to beginning late next month. after ending his. present President Tito will go on to Algeria visit to PortUgal. New York. The Uonco-Ede airliner has landed in London today to discuss Spain's Spanish Premier Adolfo Suarez flew to Market. application to join the European Common its says he thinks NATO will make up Britain's Defense secretary neut. on whether to deploy the mind in the next three or four months bomb. krrimenPara rho Jim IN NS&

. RADIO 'LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO.; 250 .

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 250 for Thursday, 20 October 1977 J. Vale/D. Felton'

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL,ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Human Rights. \SPECIAL FEATURE (Gladilin, P 21:30) presented the second half of an RL interview with Valentin Turchin, former head of the Moscow section of Amnesty International, upon his arrival in Vienna. Tutchin said that the USSR was in an ideological and political impasse, since the system was incapable of evolution. He pointed to the significance of the very existence of the democratic movement; which he said has set an example for non-conformists in the USSR and brought about reorientation of the West's attitude to the Soviet regime. Turchin spoke of the regenerative powers of the democratic movement, and referred to the latest KGB harassment of Alexander Podrabinek and the sentencing of Felix Serebrov.

PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 5) was devoted to a gathering organized by the largest Parisian bookstore on the repression of Soviet non-conformist artists and writers. The program focused on contribution by Mikhail Shemyakin, formerly of Leningrad, who explained the function of the USSR Artists Union, and as an example of the early selection of young cadres, told how drawings by his talented 6-year-old daughter were removed from a children's exhibition.,. The program also discussed the wife of art collector Aleksandr Glezer, who described the pressure applied to non-conformist artists; the French writer Pierre Daix, who reviewed CPSU policy in this field; and Vladimir Maksimov who explained to young French Communists that, regarding freedom, in the West people were enjoying the delicatessen, while in the USSR they had not even tasted black bread.

LONDON REPORT (Vovchok, L 3:30) focused on the demonstration in front of the Soviet Embassy in London on behalf of Andrei Klim- chuk, a British citizen of Ukrainian background. The program reviewed his case, noting that he disappeared during a tourist excursion in theSoviet Union and is being charged with having brought anti-Soviet literature into the country and for having organized activity directed toward the preparation of crimes dangerous to the government. This signifies that he could be threatened by a term of imprisonment of up to ten years. An interview with Sakharov in the Dagens Nvheter was excerpted in NOTE (Matusevich, M 4) which made special reference to the portions of the interview which dealt with perspectives for the continuation and development of the human rights movement in the Soviet Union in the face of the current stepping up of repression.

NOTE (Henkin, M 4) juxtaposed Novosti attacks against Sakharov with excerpts of a Sakharov interview on Italian television,in which he discussed the activities of Soviet dissidents,using tape-cuts.

2. "The Baltimore Sun" Answers Brezhnev. NEW YORK REPORT = No. 699-77 (Shidlovsky, NY 2:30) excerpted the answer from The Baltimore Sun to Brezhnev's reference during his speech on the new Soviet constitution to that newspaper. The excerpt pointed to Brezhnev's incomplete citation of the paper's commentary resulting in a distortion of meaning.

3. The Soviet Economy. WORLD TODAY (Kroncher and Rahr, M 4) observed the twentieth anniversary of the laurching of a special agricultural program for the steppe and woodland/steppe regions and discussed the results of this program. 1 4. A Survey of Soviet Media Coverage on German Terrorism was featured in WORLD TODAY (Rahr, M 6).

5. Society. In EUZNETSOV'S TALK No. 199 (Kuznetsov, L 13:30), a former Soviet writer pointed to the ideological arrogance toward everyday problems in the USSR, and by way of illustration compared the efficient and convenient laundromats in Britain with the primitive laundry facilities in the USSR.

6. Space. PRESENT-DAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY No. 114 (Muslin, NY 13:30) was devoted to the 20th anniversary of the launching of the Soviet sputnik on October 4, 1957. After recalling Soviet media assertions at the time attributing this success tc socialism, the program quoted articles on the anniversary by Craig Whitney in The New York Times and Kevin Close in The Washington Post.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Polish Trade Minister Olszewski in the United States. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 297 (Orshansky, W 3:30) opined that Olszewski's visit to the US is the result of Poland’s difficult economic situation and the country's indebtedness to the West. This was noted to be caused in turn by Gierek's attempts to stimulate the economy by means of credit purchases of foreign technology and the simultaneous effort to limit the increase of prices.

2. Young Hungarian Agricultural Specialists Arrive for Training at American Farms. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1040 (Savemark, W 4) noted that a group of young Hungarian farmers have arrived in the United States to learn American farming and organizational techniques. The venture is being financed by the Americal De- partment of Agriculture and the,International Harvester Company. The goal of the program was'pointed out to be the transition to more efficient production by means of the practical application of contemporary agricultural technology and techniques as well as the development of the mutual understanding and friendship between the US and all other countries oE the world.

3. Czech Dissidents. A portrait of singer Marta Kubisova, who recently joined the Charter-77 Movement, was given in MISCELLANEOUS rrEms No. 264 (Predtechevsky, M6) on the basis of an October 21 article in Die Zeit.

The Prague trial was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 1:30) which used articles from l'Uhita and The Guardian.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Chinese-African Relations. PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES No. 85 (Pusta, M 9) pointed to the CPR's penetration of Africa as an ideal base for the final battle between the world's "poor countryside" and "rich cities." The program referred to Peking's thesis of the hegemony of the two super-powers, USA and, in particular, USSR, and its tactics of propaganda, subversion, cheap credits and economic and military assistance.

reported 2. Terror in the FRG. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 4:30) on the Schleyer murder and the massive search launched for 16 terrorists, and made.the point that the latter operation would be easier ,if the FRG were not a democracy.

The terrorist murder of Schleyer was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Predtechevsky, Bensi, Roitman, and Henkin, M 5:30), which excerpted articles from the Sueddeutsche Zeitung Corriere della Sera, The Philadelphia Inquirer. The Chicago Tribune and Le Figaro.

3. Belgrade Conference Developments. NOTE (Perouansky, M 4) pointed out that the delegates of Great Britain, West Germany, Holland, Sweden, Switzerland, the US and France criticized the Czechoslovak government for the recent trial of prominent Czech dissidents. The majority of East European and Soviet 'delegates countered that the West was interfering in their internal affairs. The program made reference to a number of disagreements concerning procedural matters within the working groups as well. 6.

4. The Visit of Belgian Prime Minister Tindemans to the United States was the topic of WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1041 (Savemark, W 3:30), which pointed out that Tindemans' negotiations with Cartek covered questions concerning the economic situation of the US and Belgium, of the EEC and of the world in general. Carter affirmed American support for the European community and noted that he would be visiting EEC headquarters during his upcoming visit to Belgium at the beginning of December.

5. Israel's Economic Difficulties were discussed in TEL AVIV REPORT (Perelman, Isr 4:30) pointing to the growth of inflation which has significantly surpassed initial prognoses.

6. UN REPORT No. 158-77 (Bykovsky, NY 3) excerpted American representative Adrian rischer's Statements on American UN policy concerning disarmament which pointed to definite progress in American-Soviet negotiations in the area of nuclear and convention'', al weapons. The program noted that the Third World countries had criticized both the United States and the'Soviet Union on disarmament questions calling for specific concrete actions, including the conclusion of a comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty and a ban on the use and production of strategic weapons.

7. NATO. NEW 'YORK REPOWT No. 702-77 (Zuckerman, NY 3:30) cited the announcement made by General Bernard Rogers that the United States plans to increase the size Of its forces stationed in Europe. The program reviewed statistics on the,NATO-Warsaw Pact military balance.

8. South Africa. NOTE (Roitman, M 6) discussed South Africa's tougher stance toward opponents of the government. Reference was made to South Africa's decision to outlaw 18, mainly black opposition groups as well as two black newspapers.

9. The "Reverse Discrimination" Issue in the US was discussed in AMERICA: DEEDS AND PEOPLE (Navrozov, NY 9), with special reference to the Bakke case.

10. Spanish Prime Minister Suarez' Visit to England was the topic of LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 4:30), which noted that Spanish- British negotiations will deal with the question of Spanish membership in the 'EEC and the long-time English-Spanish problem of Gibraltar.

11. The UNESCO Conference on Ecology in Tbilisi was discussed in WORLD TODAY (Voronitsyn, M 5). D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. A Profile of Ballerina Eva Evodkimova was given in CONTRIBUTION TO THE"ABROAD" SERIES No. 31 (Storozhenko, NV 4:30).

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, Predtechevsky, Roitman, and Henkin, M 7) consisted of B-3 (Bensi, M 1:30), and C-2 (Predtechevsky, Benai, Roitman and Henkin, M 5:30)., ,

WORLD TODAY (Rahr, M 59) included compiled first-run programming on the following topics: the Belgrade working groups (Perouansky, M 1:30), the West German terrorist hunt (Predtechevsky, M 3), ' South Africa (Roitman, M2:30), Adrian Fischer at the UN on US disarmament policies (Bykovsky, NY 1:30), Novosti attacks on Sakharov and excerpts of an Italian TV interview with Sakharov early this year (Henkin, M 5), the visit of the Spanish Premier to London (Chugunov, L 2), a demonstration on behalf of Klimchuk (Vovchok, L 2), Chinese infiltration of Africa (Pusta, M 3:30), reversed racial discrimination - the pros and cons of the US university quota system (Navrozov, NY 2) and life in England (Kuznetsov, L 4:30)..

gk/SL NEWS COVERAGE .

newscasts of carried these stories in their 1 All RFE BDs and RL/NS October 20: 1 conference -Soviet clash at the Belgrade There has been a sharp US of Czechoslovakia. over the 1968 invasion is on for 16 people manhunt since the war West Germany's biggest murder of indust- involved in the kidnap _and believed to have been Schleyer. rialist Hanns Martin 1 have been involved France, Italy and Turkey Left-wing extremists in death. retaliation for the terrorists' I in violence seen as threatened to kill some of his in tpe U.S. has I An airliner hijacker 15 hostages. 1 ago to live in the West, who left Moscow a week Valentin Turchin, is.groWiflg. dissidents in the USSR .says interest in the Charter 77 Vaclav Havel says he believes Human rights campaigner situation in Czechoslovakia. movementwill improve the today after a year - took direct power again Thailand's armed forces behind the scenes. . of wielding it , . a meeting of the United today decided to call for African countries urgency" to discuss the "with the utmost Nations Security Council dissent. crackdown on black South African government's

Santiago Carrillo held talks Secretary -General Spanish Communist Party officials. with two Soviet party in Madrid yesterday has arrived in _. Hans Dietrich Genscher West Germari Foreign Minister of,talks. 1 Sofia for two days region of Catalonia, .._ of Spain's new autonomous appointed -president after 38 years of The welcomed in Madrid tonight Josep Tarradellas, was , exile in France. , Algiers. a warm welcome in President Tito has received major says its troops launched J of the Philippines military 1 *The government accused of raids on today against Mpslem rebels *I attacks outposts. which landed at supersonic airliner, *The Anglo-French Concorde yesterday, made its for the first time New York's Kennedy Airport York today. first 'takeoff from New items. BD did not u-se these 4 *) The Bulgarian RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST. ANALYSIS NO. 251

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 251 for Friday, 21 October 1977 J. Vale/D.Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, .ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Human Rights. Turchin's press conference, organized by Amnesty International/was discussed in LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 5). Turchin discussed the Soviet authorities' interference with the work of the Soviet Amnesty chapter and pointed out that local Soviet amnesty groups are now allowed to deal with the fate of political prisoners in their own country. He gave background on the foundation of the Moscow Amnesty group and the activities of other human rights groups in Moscow, Kiev, Georgia and Lithuania, going into detail on the fates of the Soviet CSCE monitoring group members who have been the target of repressive measures from the side of the government.

PARIS WORT (Mirsky, P 3) pointed out that the French Society of Physicists chose Moscow Professor of Physics, Yuri Orlov, as a member during a recent plenary meeting. The program gave background on Orlov's role in the defense of human rights, noting that he was a founder of the Soviet CSCE monitoring group and has been in prison since February.

JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 236 (Ovsishcher, M 6:30) featured further excerpts from the autobiography of otkaznik retired Soviet Air Force Colonel Lev.Ovsishcher in which he described official anti-Semitism in the USSR which prompted him to apply for emigration to Israel. In particular, Ovsishcher recalled the dismissal of Jews from an economics institute in Belorussia, and upon being asked during the 1967 Arab-Israeli war to condemn Israel and Zionism on Soviet TV, he suggested that he speak rather about anti-Semitism. rR/TERS AT_THE M/CROPHONE (Sinyavsky, P 7:30) presented a tape recording of Sinyavsky's speech on receiving the Freedom Prize 'of the International Conference in Defense of Freedom in Oslo. In particular, Sinyavsky said that although he was simply a writer, writers could only function under conditions of freedom.

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS No. 1357 (Burshtein, M 27) featured a further installment of the document entitled Aid to Political Prisoners in the USSR compiled: by Tatyana Khodorovich, Malva Landa and Kronid Lyubarsky, administrators of the Solzhenitsyn Fund.

The final installment of Venedikt Yerofeyev 's Moscow-Petushki was featured in UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 765 (Yerefeyev, M 27).

Vladimir. Vysotsky. sang Comrade Scientists :in SOUND OF STRINGS. No. 598 (Mitina, M 4:30).

2. American-Soviet Polemics at the Belgrade Meeting. NOTE (Perouansky, M 3:30) was pegged to a Moscow radio broadcast charging that an American delegate at Belgrade had tried to demand the right to interfere in the affairs of other countries for himself. The program reported that the Soviet delegation head Vorontsov accused Goldberg of interfering in the affairs of the socialist countries. This was in answer to Goldberg's observation that the East European delegates had not properly interpreted the provision in the .CSCE Final Act on non-interference in the affairs of other countries. Goldberg emphasized that this phrase did not refer to verbal criticism but to military incursion or pressure directed against another regime. Goldberg also criticized the Prague dissidents' trial and mada a veiled reference to the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968.

3. The Merchant Marine. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6:30)pegged to a prediction by the US Commerce Department that the Soviet merchant marine will reach 23 million tons, attributed the one- sided composition of the fleet to the Soviet tactics of under- cutting international freight rates as well as foreign currency and military considerations. At the same time, the program noted the Soviet merchant marine's lag in modern specialized vessels. .

4. Agriculture. MAN ON THE EARTH No. 160 (Lobas, NY 2:30) quoted a repott by David Willis in The Christian Science Monitor that while in Soviet cities fruit and vegetables are in short ,supply, thousands of tons are rotting in the fields. Willis also reported that the US Agriculture Department has revised.its estimate of this year's Soviet grain harvest downwards. 5. Art. JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 236 (Zuckerman, NY 6) reported on an exhibition in Yonkers, N.Y., of works by nonconformist Soviet Jewish artists and artists whoemigrated from the USSR to the US and Israel. Among those represented were Ernst Neizvestny, and Mark Klionsky. The script featured a voice cut of a welcoming speech by exhibition co-organizer. Gloria Sosin and an RL interview with exhibitor Lev Meshberg, formerly of Odessa, who spoke about the exhibition and his life and work in the US where he has been living for four years.

6. Soviet -Indian Relations were discussed in NOTE (Rahr, M 5), pegged to Desai's visit to Moscow. The program reviewed events in India which led to Indira Gandhi's replacement by Desai and the ensuing changes in foreign policy., Special reference was made to Desai's statements on the necessity of India's being truly non-aligned and maintaining reltions with all the great powers.

Desai's visit of the Soviet Union was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Prddtechevsky, M 2) which excerpted an article from The Baltimore Sun.

7. Soviet Jewish Scientists. JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 236 (Zuckerman, NY 4:30) presented a few facts and figures contained in a brochure compiled by former Soviet scientist Alexander Voronel on the role of Jews in Soviet science and of Soviet Jewish emigres in Israeli science.

8. The Soviet Decision to Cease Arms Deliveries to Somalia was discussed as being.connected with Somalia's conduct during the Lufthansa hijacking affair in PRESS REVIEW (Predtechevsky, M 1) which excerpted an article in The Washington Post.

9. Literature. KORZHAVIN'S TALK No. 19 (Korzhavin, NY 7:30) discussed a collection of unpublished works by Bulgakov recently published by Ardis (Ann Arbor), giving examples of the difficulties he encountered with the authorities over his plays during the early Stalin era.

In WRITERS AT THE MICROPHONE (Nekrasov, P 10) former Soviet writer Viktor Nekrasov, who knew Vladimir Voinovich personally, discussed the latter's Ivankiada, in which he described his successful battle with a high official for a larger apartment. Nekrasov attributed the story's popularity in the USSR in a large measure to the fearlessness displayed by Voinovich. 10. CPSU-PCE Relations.. NOTE .(Bensi,. M-6). pointed to signs of a rapprochement between Carrillo and the CPSV, in particular 'the visit to Spain of.a Soviet delegation including Pravda Editor-in-Chief Viktor Afanasev and CPSU CC International :Affairs Department official Valdimir Pertsov 'which among Other things discussed preparations for.Carrillo's visit to. the USSR for the October Revolution anniversary.. Reference was made to Afanasev's favorable remarks on Carrillo's book :EurocommuniSm and the State in. an interview to El Pais and. his statement that.Novoe Vremvactosnot:an official party organ, the Party's official Standpoint being contained in Pravda. The program spoke of possible differences on Eurocommunism within the Soviet leadership, and observed that the attitude reflected in. Pravda seemed no different to that in Novoe Vremva., It was suggested that Pravda could well publish the El Pais interview.

11. "Songs and Dances of the Russian Revolution," a Soviet spectacle being performed in Paris, was the topic of PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 4:30), which focused on the meeting with the spectacle's organizers for advertising purposes. Iosif Tumanov, the director, discussed the content of the show, admitting that other forms of art other than "revolutionary" exist and that they would also be included in the spectacle. A review from l'Aurore pointing to the director's lack of fantasy was cited.

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Poland. NOTE (Vardi, M 4) reported the publication of a new samizdat document signed by 110 active members of the Polish human rights movement. The document, "The Declaration'of the Democratic Movement," gave an analysis of the present situation in Poland, called for the protection of basic human rights in the country and emphasized that the compilers of the document are acting in accordance with the law and in the interests of mankind, the nation and the people.

MAN ON THE EARTH No. 160 (Lobas, NY 9:30) gave excerpts from Gomulka's memoirs in which he explained his motives for his decision to raise food prices (in particular, to redress the trade imbalance, and combat the Polish people's "gluttony"), placed the blame for opening fire on the workers on his associate Kliszko, and expressed his deep chagrin at Brezhnev's refusal of his request to send in. Scx(riet tanks. 5

2. Reactions to the Prague Trial were discussed in NOTE (Vary, M 5) which cited the American State Department criticism of the Czechoslovak dissidents' sentencing as a violation, of the human rights provisions in the CSCE Final Act. It was pointed .out that the British government issued a statement of similar content, and that at the Belgrade meeting the representatives of the United States, Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, the FRG, Sweden, Switzerland and Canada protested against the Prague trial. Official Statements of protest were also noted to have been issued by the British Labour Party, the FRG Social Democrat Party, the international Pax Christi movement, and the CPs of Italy, France, Spain and Great Britain.

4. The Situation in Indochina,, was discussed in NOTE (Predte- chevsky, M 3:30) which focused on the Vietnamese -Cambodian border conflict. The background was explored, noting antagonismbetween the two nations as early as the eleventh end twelfth centuries.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Terrorism. UN REPORT No. 159-77 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30) highlighted Waldheim's appeal to the UNGA to take up the matter of hijacking and the drafting of an anti-terrorism convention without delay. Reference was made to the threat of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Associatioristo strike in connection with insufficient anti- terrorist measures being employed.

The fight against terrorism was discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 2), which used articles from the Sueddeutsche Zeitung, La Stampa and Le Figaro.

2. The Maikovskis Affair. NEW YORK REPORT No. 708-77 (Konson, NY 2:30 noted that court proceedings have started in New York against former nember of the pro-Nazi Latvian police, Maikovskis for having failed to disclose 'his, activities to the American immigration authorities.

3. American "Glasnost." NEW YORK REPORT No. 706-77 (Gendler, NY 3) discussed the American law which calls for the open preparation and adoption of federal, state and city laws in full public view.

4. US Agriculture. MAN ON THE EARTH No. 160 (Lobas, NY 2:30) quoted Foreign Agriculture on contracts for the sale of US food products to Egypt and Iran following US food fairs in Cairo and Teheran.

5. Catalonia. NOTE (Henkin, M 4:30) was pegged to the Madrid visit of the president of the Catalonian autonomous republic who will meet with King Juan Carlos and Adolfo Suarez.' The program explored the condition of this recent Otalonian "autonomy" movement, noting that it will be affected by the passing of a new Spanish constitution. -

6. The Amnesty International Report on Political Prisoners in Indonesia was cited extensively in LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 4). 1.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND' SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The Mott Affair, in which a controversy arose on the showing on British TV of a film secretly taken by the police of 'a con- versation in which a woman persuaded her aged mother to commit suicide, was described in SPECIAL FEATURE (Mikes, L 9 ),which said that it illustrates the rigorous protection of criminals' rights in Britain.

2. Talmud Expert David Weiss was portrayed in JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 236 (Zuckerman, NY 5) on the basis of a recent article in the Sunday suppkment of The New York Times.

3. An Exhibition of Jewish Religious Utensils held in Frank- furt's Museum of Applied Art was reported on in JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 236 (Gordin, M 5).

PRESS REVIEW (Predtechevsky and Bensi, M 5) consisted of A-6 (Predtechevsky, M 2), A-8 (Predtechevsky, M 1) and C-1 (Bensi, M 2).

WORLD TODAY (Henkina and Nadirashvili, M 59) included compiled first-run programming on the following topics: Soviet -Indian relations (Rahr, M 2:30), an IFALPA appeal to the UN and Wald- heim's plans for debate (Bykovsky, NY 2), Gomulka's memoks (Lobas, NY 1:30), an exhibit of works by immigrant artists in Yonkers (Zuckerman, NY 2), the unpublished Bulgakov (Korzhavin, NY Voinovich’s "Ivaniada" (Nekrasov, P 3:30), Orlov's election ip to the French Physics Society (Mirsky, P 1:30), an autobiography. of Ovsishcher (samizdat) (Ovsishcher, M 1:30), Turchin's press conference (Chugunov, L 2:30), CPSU-Spanish CP relations (Bensi, M 3:30), songs and dances of the Russian Revolution performed in Paris (Salkazanova, P 3), the October Revolution (Levin, M 2), the Goldberg-Vorontsov clash in Belgrade (Perouansky, M 3:30), and the coalition government in Israel (Perelman, Isr 2).

gk/ MB - 7 1-

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE BDs and RUNS carried these stories in their newscasts of October 21:

A manifesto calling for increased civil liberties has been published by human rights activists in Poland.

Thirty members of the United Nations today called for an urgent General Assembly debate on ways to prevent airline hijacking.

The Soviet Union has given an apparent initial reaction to a NATO call for limiting the size of military maneuvers.

Soviet President Brezhnev says there has been a change for the better

in the talks on limiting strategic weapons.

West German police say they have already received 10,000 reports from citizens with possible information about 16 terrorists being sought in a nationwide manhunt.

The U.N. Security Council is to debate South Africa's actions this week against critics of apartheid.

Cyrus Vance says the U.S. is in close contact with the Arab countries over the proposal to reconvene the Geneva conference.

West Germany's delegate at Belgrade has criticized some East European countries for restricting emigration and curbing religious freedom.

Somali President Mohammed Siad Barre today accused the Soviet Union

of giving "all-out armed support" to Ethiopia.

12 Soviet dissidents have been admitted as members of a Brussels - based group monitoring compliance with the Helsinki accord.

India's Premier Morarji Desai arrived in Moscow today to a top-level welcome by -Soviet leaders.

Belgian Prime Minister Leo Ta0emans has urged the United States to reconsider its decision to withdraw from the I.L.O.

Czechoslowak* border guards have again confiscated materials from a

Western journalist who had been covering human rights activists.

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 252'

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 252 for Saturday and Sunday, 22 and 23 October 1977 M. Gelischanow

P. ,SOVIET TOPICS, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

.1. Dissidents and Human Rights. SPECIAL FEATURE (Gladilin and Lyubarsky, .M 27) -of October 22 featured an interview with Kronid - Lyubarsky, who recently emigrated from the Soviet Union. Lyubarsky, an astrophysicist by profession, played an. active role in.the dissident movement in the USSR.. He discussed his profession, mentioning that he was denied the right to work in his speciality by the KGB because itwas considered secret work. Lyubarsky_was subsequently arrested for publishing and distributing The Chronicle of Current Events. He was sentenced and served five years in prison camps after which time he was .forced to emigrate.

The declarations, appeals and information issued by the Soviet Helsinki Monitoring Group on the regimes violation of basic human rights of Soviet citizens were recounted by a former member of that group in HELSINKI MONITORING GROUP No. 6 (Alexeyeva, NY 9) of October 23. The group accorded special attention to several basic issues in their struggle for human rights: the severe conditions of prisoners of conscience, persecution for religious beliefs, discrimination against minority nationalities, the right to choose a place of residence, aid constraints in emigration. The program noted that the general flow of information on human rights violations came, principally from sources outside dissident circles.

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS No. 1358 (Burshtein, M 27) of October 23 continued to read the samizdat document Aid to Political Prisoners in the USSR compiled by the administrators of the Solzhenitsyn Fund, Tatyana Khodorovich, Malva Landa, and Kronid Lyubarsky. Soviet emigre author Viktor Nekrasov's preface to the English translation of Venedikt Yerefeyev's Moscow-Petushki was read in SPECIAL FEATURE (Nekrasov, P 19) of October 23.

Alexander Galich sang Karaganda in THEY SING No. 589 (Mitina, M 7) of October 22.

2. The Soviet -Yugoslav Discussion over Kardell's New Book at a press conference in Belgrade was the subject of EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 30 (S. Vardy, M 4) of.October 23. In his book Kardelj asserted that no government or social -political structure can make a person happy_ -- a person himself is the creator of personal happiness. Kardelj also criticized Stalinism and the occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1968. These theories were the basis for debate between the SoViet correspondent of Novoe Vremya, Vladimir Gavilevsky and Yugoslav journalists.

3. A Profile of Musician Mstislav Rostropovich. PANORAMA (Davydov; NY 5) of October 23 highlighted an article in Time entitled "Magnificent Maestro." Rostropovich, who now directs the National Symphony Orchestra in Washington and still travels on a Soviet passport, is willing to return to the Soviet Union if he is granted the same artistic freedom he enjoys in the West.

4. The Reasons for the Failure of Soyuz-25 and the General Situation of the Soviet Space Exploration Program were reviewed in PANORAMA (Mirsky, P 6) of October 23, which excerpted an article in L'Express.

5. Soviet Economic and Military Aid to Third World Countries was discussed by SIGNAL No. 441 (Predtechevsky, M 12) of October dik 23 on the basis of a CIA report. The program noted that in 1976 IF Soviet military and economic aid continued to reflect Moscow's foreign policy interests. The key factor is military aid. It is now triple economic aid, having reached the sum of 2.5 million dollars last year. The report reviewed the changes in Soviet clientele. The cool relations with Egypt and Syria have led to stepped-up aid to Libya, Iraq, and Algeria in the Arab world. In 1976 the Sot Union continued to strengthen its influence in black Africa, particularly inMozambique, Angola, Ethiopia and Somalia. In Latin America, Peru has received large arms sales.

6. The Soviet Stance on Parapsychology was the topic of NEWSPAPERS AND JOURNALS No. 1 (Gendler, NY 12:30) of October 22, which featured an article in Humanist. The article traced the development of the Soviet policy toward the study of parapsychology and referred to the case of American reporter Robert Toth, who was detained by Soviet officials for allegedly attempt-, mg to gain access to secret documents on parapsychological 3

experiments. The source believes that the incident may have been staged to create the impression that secret work on parapsychology is being carried out in the Soviet Union.

7. The Distortion of the Russian Language since the October Revolution was discussed in DO YOU REMEMBER? (Pylaev, M 9) of October 23, which was pegged to an article in Komsomolskava Pravda lamenting the little attention given to the Russian language by Soviet journals. The program recalled the campaign, conducted in the 1930s by the journal TridtSat Dnei which offered a prize for receiving new words conceived since there - volution. The program cited numerous new words and expressions, as well as new meanings acquired by old words, which have distorted the Russian language.

8. Historical Events. RETURNING TO HISTORY No. 36 (Levin, M'29) of October 22 recalled developments in Russia from 9-15 October 1917, concerning the event considered tote one of the key moments in the history of Bolshevism -- the secret meeting of the Bolshevik Central Committee that took place in Sukhanov's home on October 10. Lenin, who had come from Finland, urged the other members that the time had come for action. He finally succeeded in overcoming the inertia of the CC, and a resolution was adopted calling for an armed revolt and the seizure of power. The program quoted passages from memoirs of important figures of those days, such as Sukhanov, Lenin, Trotsky. Several voice cuts were also included.

FIFTY YEARS AGO THIS WEEK No. 160 (Gendler, NY 13:30) of October 23 recalled the "amnesty" of 1927 announced on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the October Revolution. The amnesty was not extended to those active members of political parties whose goal was "the destruction of the Soviet order." The program excerpted Solzhenitsyn's The Gulag Archipelago, referring specifically to his estimate that only 7.3 per cent of all prisoners were am- nestied in 1927.

9. Soviet -Polish Relations was reviewed by PROBLEMS CT INTER- NATIONALISM No. 27 (Silnicky, NY 9:30) of October 23 focusing on the purge in the 1930s which led to the dissolution of the Polish CP. This liquidation was:)accomplished not by destroying one or another faction, genuine or imaginary, but by crushing one and all in the party. Polish poets and writers who were in the Soviet Union were also victims of Stalin's purge. Robert Conquest, in The Great Terror, estimates that 50,000 Poles, 10,000 in Moscow alone, were shot. Events such as this in Soviet -Polish relations are still strongly imprinted in the memory of those Polish people who had experienced them. 4

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The Prague Trial and the Czech Dissident Movement were the subject of PANORAMA (Vovchok, L 5) of October 23, which featured an article in The Daily Mail by Czech-born English playwright Tom Stoppard.

The Prague trial of four Czechoslovak dissidents was briefly reviewed by EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 30 (S. Vardy, M 3) of October 23. The program also noted Western protests against the trial at the Belgrade conference and referred to the Czechoslovak denial of visas to a correspondent of l'Humanite and a lawyer from France's J Lawyers' Union, both of whom wanted to attend the trial.

The Prague trial was discussed in ROUND-TABLE TALK No. 323 (Nadi- rashvili, Roitman, Renkin and Bensi, M 20) of October 23. The program also analyzed how this event will affect the development of social processes in East European countries and in the international arena as a whole.

2. Prof. Leszek Kolakowski, the leading exiled Polish philosopher and recipient of the West German Booksellers' 1977 Peace Prize, was the subject of EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 30 (S. Vardy, M 7) of October 23. The program sketched a brief profile of Kolakowski and presented excerpts from his new book, Principal Tendencies of Marxism. In an interview with Western press and radio corrrespon- dents, Korakowski said that the fight against despotism should be waged with nonviolent' means.

3. Romania. The measures taken by Romanian authorities to improve the condition of miners after the strikes in August of this year were discussed in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 30 (S. Vardy, M 2) of October 23. The program also mentioned the provisions of the second amnesty extended to prisoners this year.

4. Hungary. A conference of sociologists, psychiatrists and psychologists in Miskolc to discuss more effective measures to prevent criminal recidivism and ways to improve conditions in prisons was reported on by EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 30 (S. Vardy, M 2) of October 23.

5. The GDR. The reasons for the recent clashes between young people and police following a pop concert in East Berlin were discussed in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 30 (S. Vardy, M 2) of October 23. -5-

6. China., The structure of the new CC of the Chinese CP chosen at the 11th party congress was analyzed in PEKING AND ITS POLICY No. 441 (Shilaeff, NY 9) of October 23. The program noted that in the new structure reflects the changes that have taken place China during the last one and a half years; the defeat of the radical group of "cultural revolutionaries," the strengthened role of the army, and the rehabilitation of the "veterans."

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS: 374 1. Terrorism in West Germany. THE WORLD THIS WEEK No. (Krassovsky, M 4) of October 22 reviewed the latest terrorist speech activities in the FRG and highlighted Chancellor Schmidt's against to the Bundestag in which he stressed that the fight terrorism has by no means ended.

developments The reaction in Great Britain to the latest terrorist (Volichok, in West Germany was reported by WORLD THIS WEEK No. 374 L 2) of October 22.

and Official French reaction to the wave of terrorism in the FRG

Prime Minister Barre's visit to Bonn were the subjects of WORLD THIS WEEK No. 374 (Ryser, P 2:30) of October 22.

ROUND7T1BLE TALK No. 322 (Perouansky, Predtechevsky, Henkin and has Rahr, M'20) of October 22 discussed the wave of terror that in swept through West Germagyin recent weeks. The participants actions the program analyzed the background of the terrorists' combating and noted the methods available to a democratic state in terrorism.

2. The Belgrade Conference. WORLD THIS WEEK No. 374 (Perouansky, M 4) of October 22 highlighted the past week's developments at the East-West conference. The program referred to the working criticism groups dealing with cooperation in humanitarian areas, the levelled against the Prague trial of four dissidents by representatives of Western countries, Goldberg's explanation of the of question of interference in internal matters, and the reaction Soviet chief delegate Vorontsov.

NY 3) 3. The United Nations WORLD THIS WEEK No. 374 (Bykovsky, of October 22 reviewed the latest developments at the UN, i.e. Secretary-General Waldheim's call on the General Assembly to begin immediate consideration of measures to prevent international terrorism; the African countries' demand for an urgent convocation in South Of the Security Council to discuss the latest developments Africa; the, First Political Committee's discussion of the Soviet proposal for intensifying and strengtehning international detente; the Soviet UNGA resolution on the prevention of a nuclear war. 6

4. US Affairs. WORLD THIS WEEK No. 374 (Savemark, W 4:30) of October 22 reported on the talks in Washington between Vance and leading members of Congress on the progress of American - Soviet negotiations on SALT II, noted that Washington considers the convening of the Geneva conference on the Middle East in December of this year a realistic prospect, and referred to the three-day conference in Washington on the peaceful use of atomic energy and on the nonproliferation of nuclear arms.

5. The Foreign Ministers of Egypt and Israel, Ismail Fahmi and Moshe Davan, were the subjects of PANORAMA (Gendler, NY 4) of October 23, which cited an article in US News and World Report on the political careers of and roles played by these two figures in reaching a settlement of the Middle East conflict.

6. The Bureaucratization of Capitalist Societies was discussed in TOMORROW OF THE PLANET EARTH No. 232 (Patrushev, M 9) of October 23, which highlighted an address by American. economist Milton Friedman entitled "The Future of Capitalism." Friedman considers the main principal of free enterprise to be the possibility to run a private business, and he believes that this freedom is gradually diminishing. It was noted that increased government interference in the business world will inevitably lead to restrictions on political freedom.

7. The Fifth World Synod of Catholic Bishops at the Vatican was the subject of RELIGION IN THE MODERN WORLD No. 302 (Bensi, M 8:30) of October 22. The theme of the conference was the teaching of the catechism, and the program focused on the conditions and difficulties of religious instruction in communist countries. Polish Bishop Jerzy Stroba said that there are not enough manuals and other books for catechism classes in Poland, but that young people show great interest in learning about the Church's world outlook. It was noted that Church leaders from the Soviet Union were not given visas to attend the synod.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND 3L1ENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The Religious Holiday "Protection of the Mother of God" was the subject of SUNDAY TALK No. 1070 (Shmeman, NY 9) of October 22.

2. The "Internal" Revolution that Gave Birth to Christianity in the Consciousness of Humanity was discussed in MORALITY No. 11 (Shmeman, NY 8:30) of October 23. 3. CINEMA KALEIDOSCOPE (Gabay,NY 7) of October 22 reviewed the 15th New York International Film Festival. French director Claude Lelouch's latest film (Salkazanova, P 6) and the German movie Into the Rain and Snow (Matusevich, M 5), and discussed the 50th anniversary of the first sound motion picture, The Jazz Singer and played a song from it.

gk/SL - 8 - NEWS COVERAGE

of All RFE Ba.s and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts October 22: separate The presidents Of the United States and the Soviet Union in speeches yesterday voiced optimism over the chances of reaching a new agreement governing strategic nuclear weapons. on the , High-level meetings were held in two Arab capitals today chances of reconvening the Geneva Middle East peace talks. terrorists they West German police have announced the names of four believe were directly involved in the Schleyer slaying. appealed to The Soviet branch of Amnesty International has courtmk Czechoslovak President Husak to review the sentences a Prague gave four dissidents this week. in permittii, Poland's Catholic bishops have praised government action more churches to be built.. in The foreign ministers of Britain and Holland today joined of its condemning South Africa's latest crackdown on opponents racial policies. have reached Spanish Premier Adolfo Suarez and opposition leaders its current economi, an agreement Suarez says will pull Spain out of and political crisis.

Hundreds of Moslem rebels in the southern Philippines were today reported retreating before a heavy government counter-attack.

A three-day conference to examine ways.of lessening the chances of peaceful nuclear technology being used for atomic weapons ended in Washington last night.

Australian police today arrested 370 demonstrators in Brisbane during a protest against the mining and export of uranium.

.Two weather-study satellites were jointly launched.at Cape Canaveral today.

The Concorde supersonic airliner apparently has passed noise tests t1 New York's Kennedy Airport.

- 9 -

'.NEWS COVERAGE' of All RFE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts October 23: Ethiopian govern- The Soviet Union has reaffirmed its support for the ment in the fighting in. the Horn of Africa. trust of the American President Jimmy Carter says he must keep the East. Arabs as he tries to help find peace in the Middle of four dissident. President Carter has criticized the trial last week in Czechoslovakia. against provoking The Soviet Union today cautioned the United States conference if it dic a confrontation over human rights at the Belgrade not want to endanger the process of detente. out more attacks Leftist extremists in Western Europe today carried terrorists las and protests over the deaths of imprisoned West German week. is prepare, South African Prime Minister Vorster says that his country racial ' to stand alone despite increasing world criticism of its

the Panama Panamanians voted in.a plbiscite today on ratification of Canal treaty with the United States. who re- Catalans have Riven an emotional welcome to Josep Tarradellas leadership of the turned today from nearly 40 years' exile to resume once -again autonomous Spanish region. the Church must A leading East Giirman protestant bishop said today applying for protect people who find themselves outcasts after emigration. -granted an extension Russian poet Viktor Urin said today he has been

of his exit visa and will leave Moscow on Friday. grain harvest President Ceausescu told Romanians today this year's was smaller than last year's. running of the Japan Gran. ft At least two people died today during the Prix.

use this item. ft) RL/NS, the Bulgarian BD and the Polish BD did not noDigo! L IL

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 253

(A summary. of the news coverage by the AilOsj.an language programMing appears at the, end of the DW$...

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis N for Monday, 24 October 1977 J. Vale/D.Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS . -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL: ,

1. Soviet -American Relations. NEW :YORK REPORT No. 709-77 (Shilaeff, NY 4) dealt with progress in the strategic arms limitation talks and was pegged to optimistic statements by Carter and Brezhnev. Carter was cited as anticipating the conclxision of a new SALT agreement, in several weeks. He warned that the negotiations Would continue all the same and that ,he could not say precisely how many weeks would be needed for their successful conclusion. Brezhnev's remarks on progress in the SALT talks during his speech in honor of Desai's visit were also cited and an article by Bernard Gwertzman from The New York Times was excerpted describing the three sections of the agreement.

American-Soviet trade was discussed in NEW YORK REPORT No. 711 17 (Davydov, , NY 3:30) , which reviewed -statistics on US-USSR trade pointing out that the exchange of trade between the two countrie for the first seven months of 1977 is 25 per cent less than that for the same period last year.. It was noted that American companies are losing interest in Russian business, the number of American trade representatives is decreasing and the Soviet side is complaining of political discrimination. American commercial banks experiencing constant deficits in their trade dealing with the USSR have begun to doubt the ability of the Soviet Union to pay back its debts. This imbalance in trade was suggested as one of the factors negatively affecting, the course of US-Soviet exchanges, as was the 1974 law limiting the possibilities of American banks to finance Soviet enterprises. An article from ' The New York Times was used.

American-Soviet relations were analyzed in an article by Jac Anderson in The Washington Post excerpted in PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M2). 2

2. Human Rights. NOTE (Roitman, M 7:30) discussed the latest developments in the Shcharansky affair, citing a UPI report that the KGB has been interrogating Hotkazniki" in fifteen different cities, threatening them with further obstruction of their emigration or with involving them in criminal charges if they refuse to cooperate with the KGB in providing the requested evidence against Shcharansky. The program pointed out that not only does this pressuring of potential witnesses constitute a serious violation of the legal procedural norms, but it represents a new level of KGB harassment.

The Shcharansky case was the focus of WASHINGTON REPORT No. 302 (Orshansky, W 5), which highlighted the announcement by the American Association of Computer Specialists that the organization is discontinuing its relations with the Soviet Union in protest against the authorities' methods of dealing with Soviet scientists in general and Anatoly Shcharansky in particular. The text of the announcement was included claiming that the charge was a trumped-up 'absurdity. A tape-cut of Natalya Shcharanskmedescribing her persorish edmpaign on behalf of her husband was also used.

3. The Economy. PRESENT-DAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY No. 1.15. (Muslin, NY 14) presented some of the findings of the CIA report on the Soviet economy; in particular, that the latter's growth rate is dropping and will continue to drop owing to an anticipated acute shortage of manpower and raw materials, in particula4 oil.

The strategic significance of the Soviet indebtedness to the West was discussed in ECONOMIC OBSERVER No. 282 (Dreier, NY 3), which cited statistics on growing Soviet debt, expected to reach 25- billion dollars by 1980. It was noted that the Soviet Union has enjoyed the reputation of being a reliable debtor, however, the enormous growth rate of its indebtedness has led to speculation as to whether the country can continue to retain its credit status. The program pointed out that it is in the Soviet Union's own best interests to pay its debts because incase of default or slow payment, it might forfeit its chance for further loans and, at worst, might even be subject to a trade embargo imposed by the creditor -countries.

MAN ON THE EARTH No. 161 (Lobas, NY 4) pointed to Soviet press reports on large quantities of harvesting machinery being out of action, due, for example, to a lack of spare parts, as confirming rumors in the US press on further grain purchases by the USSR. These rumors began circulating after the US Department of Agriculturc revised its estimate of the Soviet grain harvest downwards.

4. New Incidents in the Barents Sea. LONDON REPORT (Chugunov. L 4) highlighted an incident which took place near the Norwegian- Soviet border in which a British trawler was ordered to cease its fishing operations and to leave the region. The British ship acceded to the Soviet order, but later returned to the area after consultatic with London. It was noted that the region in question is outside the economic zone of both Norway and the Soviet Union, but is part of the continental shelf which is being claimed by both countries. -3-

5. The Soviet Proposal at the Belgrade Meeting was discussed, in NOTE (Perouansky, M 5)./ Vorontsov presented a proposal dealing with the further assuring of European security, the essence of which required all governments to assume the respon- sibility of not being the first to use nuclear weapons; stipulated that the memberdip of the military blocs be frozen that is, that NATO and the Warsaw Pact take on no new members -- and postulated that the number of participants in military maneuver' in Erlstern and Western Europe be limited to a maximum sixty-thousan( men. The program pointed out that only the last point represents an essentially new suggestion.

6. The Soviet Position on Detente. UN REPORT No. 161-77 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30) focused on statements made by Soviet UN delegate Viktor Izraelyan at a recent press conference in which he praised detente, which had resulted in the Helsinki agreement, but the meaning of which was being deliberately distorted by its opponents who wanted to send the world back to the cold war. period. The program recalled that the Soviet proposal for a declaration on detente had been critiCized by Third World delegate; who said it was time to move from words to action. Reference was also made to Izraeltyan's rejection of the idea of OAU permanent membership id the Security Council with equal rights with the other permanent members, including the right of veto.

7. Desai's Visit to the Soviet Union was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 1:30) which excerpted articles from the Neue Zuercher Zeitung and Le Monde.

8. Soviet Writer Yuri Trifonov's Visit to the United States was discussed in NEW YORK REPORT No. 712-77 (Zuckerman, NY 3), which noted that he came to the US on the invitation of Kansas State University and will be conducting lectures on contemporary Soviet literature over the course of a month. An article from The New York Times was excerpted describing his literary activities, making special reference to his short story House on the Sea Front which dealt with the repression during the Stalinist era. It was noted that the expected reprisals, such as the author's exclusion from the Soviet Writers' Union, occurred.

9. Students. MAN ON THE EARTH No. 161 (Lobas, NY 7:30) focused on the enigmatic term "students' billion" used in the Soviet press in connection with the special "students' construction detachments" which are sent to work\in rural areas without payment. The program concluded that the said term refers to the value of the work done, and said that if the money were paid to the students, they could supplement their generally indequate allowances. However, Soviet students have few rights, and their allowances can be withheld on many grounds, including the* refusal to work in a students' construction detachment. 4

10. Society. DID YOU NOTICE? No. 39 (Pylayev, M 9) gave as an example of the kind of Soviet reality which puzzles and amuses foreigners a Pravda article of September 6 on the collection of trade union dues at a timber enterprise. After reporting that the chairman of the workers committee had found it much more convenient to have the dues deducted from wages by the accounting department (a procedure familiar in the West) instead of running around collecting them from individual workers, Pravda argued that the payment of dues was not a "formal act which can be painlessly replaced by an accounting operation."

11. The Emigre Press. REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOREIGN PRESS No. 61 (Schajovicz, M 13:30) presented excerpts from the memoirs of Maria Ioffe, a former secretaryof the Press Bureau of the Sovnarkom and a close associate of Trotsky, published in the 19th issue of Vremva i My.' The excerpts concern Trotsky, Radek and Zinoviev.

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Polish Poet Aleksander Wat's "MV Century" continued to be discussed in EAST EUROPEAN TESTIMONIES No. 70 (Gorbanevskaya, P 16) which focused on his recollection of his arrest in Lvov on 23 January, 1940, together with a group of Polish poets and writers, and his subsequent experiences in Soviet prisons and concentration camps.

C. INTERNATIONAL polaricAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Reactions to the South African Repression of Blacks was discussed in UN REPORT No. 162-77 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30), which noted the wave of protests within the UN,including the demand by the delegations of 49 African countries for the immediate calling for a Security Council session. The program reported that the African countries' representatives and the non-aligned bloc have been working on the text of a resolution calling for punitive sanctions against the South African RepubliL

2. Human Rights. NOTE (Roitman, M 1), pegged to the Belgrade conference, quoted the passage from the Helsinki agreement dealinf uith the rights of national minorities.

The Belgrade meeting was discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 1:30), using an article from The Times (London).

3. A Congress of Activists in the French European Movement was the topic of PARIS REPORT (Ryser, P 2:30), which noted that the congress included the participation of the representatives . of all political parties except the CP and amounted to more than one thousand people. The inclusion of three new members -- Spain, Portugal and Greece -- into the European Community was Empha. discussed and met with no opposition from the participants. -4- 1-11e1 nr.ori Fr) unite Europe. -5-.

4. Terrorism was discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Nadirashvili, M 3) which used articles from the Neue Zuercher Zeitunq, the Sued- deutsche Zeitunq and L'Express.

5. The Occupation of "La Liberation" by Anarchists was discussed in PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4), which noted the irony of the anarchists' demand that the paper express its solidarity with the activities of the members of the West German Baader- Meinhof band because La Liberation is virtually the only newspaper which mourned the death of Andreas Baader and his fellow terrorists who committed suicide in prison.

6. Rhodesia. LONDON REPORT (Vovchok, L 4) highlighted the British Foreign Office announcement that Great Britain has invited Rhodesian Prime Minister Smith and the leaders of the African nationalist movements of Rhodesia to take part in negotiations with Lord Carver.

7. Perspectives for the Geneva Middle East Peace Conference were discussed in NOTE (Rahr, M 7), which reviewed the contents of the joint American -Soviet statement on the Middle East, the American-Israeli working document on procedural questions concerning the conference and reactions to these two documents.

8. The American Economy was analyzed using a report prepared by the Commerce DciptinlentfinNEW YORK REPORT No. 705-77 (Zuckerman, NY 3).

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Arthur Koestler's Article "Man - An Evolutionary Mistake published in the 17th issue of the Tel -Aviv journal Vremva i MV. began to be read in FROM THE OTHER SHORE No. 682 (Kunta, M18:30). It was preceded by an introduction by Viktor Perelman which pointed out that the article appeared in a heavily censored form in Literaturnava Gazeta in 1971.

2. Portraits of Two New Yorkers, a shoe polisher and a female fitter with a telephone company, sketched by journalists Donald Singleton and Sindey Falds, were featured in NEW YORK, NEW YORK No. 3(Konson, NY 9).

3. Travel Formalities in Britain. MODERN BRITAIN No. 19 (Floyd, and Kuznetsov, L 16) observed that British citizens need no documents in order to leave the country, and upon application are issued passports virtually automatically. This was contrasted with the situation in the USSR. - 6

4. The Construction of an Electronic Plane was noted to be underway in the United States in NEW YORK REPORT No. 707-77 (Muslin, NY 3:30).

PRESS REVIEW (Rahr and Nadirashvili, M 8) consisted of A-1 (Rahr, M 2), A-7 (Rahr, M 1:30), C-2 (Rahr, M 1:30), and C-4 (Nadirashvili, M 3).

WORLD TODAY (Henkin, M 59) included compiled first -run programming on the following topics: the Middle East (Rahr, M 3:30), the severing of ties between the American Association of Come puter Scientists and the USSR over the Shcharansky case (Orshansky, W 3;30), Man - an Evolutionary Mistake (Kostler and Kunta, M 3), the reminiscences of Maria Ioffe is printed in Vremva i Mv (Shaiovich, M 3:30), the memoirs of Alexander Wat (GorbanevskaYa, P 4:30), how British people travel abroad (Kumnetsov and Floyd, L 2:30), the collection of trade union dues in the USSR (Pylaev, M 4:30), Belgrade developments (Perouansky, M 3:30), the CIA report on the prospects of the Soviet economy (Muslin, NY 4), the "student billion" (Lobas, NY 4) and the occupation of

La Liberation by anarchists (Mirsky, P 2). - 7 -

NEWS COVERAGE their newscasts of All RFE BDs and RL/NS carried these stories in October 24:

the.Belgrade conference today the .Soviet Union formally At EUrope, proposed a limit DrOhe.size of military maneuvers in to the and the P.110. today .made Imtaic their opposition :Syria East. .:U.S.-Israeli working paper for reconvening the Middle peace.talks. troops are The Somali -backed guerrillas claim, thousands of Cuban supporting Ethiopia in the Ogaden1lesert fighting. Soviet :Egyptian President Sadat.has called for an end.to "subversion" against his. country. and. Sudan hijacking. West Germany has. moved to prevent any new plane hap promised The U.S. today reaffi±med its belief that South Africa not tO develop nuclear weapons. stronger The Soviet and French Defense ministers have pledged military contacts. dissatisfaction over .*A.high Polish Party:official concedes there is ' long shopping lines and inadequate supplies.

Regional autonomy, has been restored to Catalonia in.bpain. which Panamanians have voted overwhelmingly to ratify treaties Canal. *give. .countryeventual ownership of the Panama is'imperative that .Chineee. Party chairman HuaACto-Ing has said it .ChintOs pa±liament meet next spring..

*) The Polish BD did not vse this item. RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 254

(A summary of the news coverage by the RusSian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 254 for Tuesday, 25 October 1977 J. Vale/D.Felton

111 A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet -US Relations. PROBLEMS OF DETENTE No. 51 (R. Dudin, NY 9) pointed to signs of a thaw in these relations in recent months, namely: a narrowing of differences over SALT in talks in August between Gromyko on the one hand and Carter and Vance on the other; the joint communique on the Middle East issued in early October; the care taken by both sides to avoid an ideological confrontation at Belgrade; and reports of a visit by Brezhnev to the US in the near future.

2. The USSR and the Somali-Ethiopian Conflict. In AFRICA TODY No. 1 (Ipatov, NY 4:30), a former Soviet diplomat who served sveraJ years in Africa suggested the reasons behind the USSR's decision to support Ethiopia in her conflict with Somalia, aside from the diplomatic argument that a weakening of socialist Ethiopia was not in the interests of world socialism. These are the religious affinity between Ethiopian Christianity and the Russian Orthodox Church, Ethiopia's size, large (nearly 30 million) population and strategic geographic\position and the suitability of Ethiopia, a "foreign body" in the Arab world, as a base for'the USSR's long-term policy in the Middle East and Africa. In addition, the USSR considers that in any case her lengthy presence in Somalia has made that country dependent on the USSR economically and militarily.

3. Human Rights. GUEST OF THE WEEK No.53 (Rudolph, NY 16:30) featured an interview with former Soviet journalist Yelena Klepi- kova, who, after establishing an unofficial information bureau together with her husband, Vladimir Solovev, accepted a proposal by the Soviet authorities to leave the USSR together with their families. Klepikova spoke of her literary work, in particular her feuilleton exposing untalented conformist writers, and her six years with the Leningrad journal Avrora, which, prior tp an ideological clampdown, managed to publish controversial works by talented authors. Klepikova also spoke of the hard life of Soviet women subjected to hard manual labor, shortages, in the stores, primitive abortions and a lack of contraceptives. As a motive for leaving, she gave Soviet reality's distorting effect on the personality.

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS No. 1359 (Burshtein, M 27) featured the final installment of the document entitled Aid to Political Prisoners in the USSR compiled by Tatyana Khdorovich, Malva Landa and Kronid Lyubarsky, who are administrators of the Solzhenitsyn Fund.

An article from The New York Times was excerpted in NEW YORK REPORT No. 715-77 (Zuckerman, NY 3) describing the continuing campaign of Irina Ginzburg on behalf of her husband, a Soviet political prisoner.

Vladimir Vysotsky sang The Sacrifice of a Television in SOUND OF STRINGS No. 580 (Mitina, M 4:30).

4. The Brazinskas Affair. NOTE (Rahr, M 7:30) reviewed the latest developments concerning the two Lithuanians who hijacked a Soviet airliner to Turkey seven years ago and were refused political asylum because they were guilty of a serious non- political crime. The Soviet authorities renewed their demand that the men be returned to the Soviet Union claiming that th(- hijackers killed the stewardess and severely injured other members of the crew. The program pointed out that the American Pilot5-.1 Union has proposed measures to deal with air piracy, as has the Soviet trade union of aviation workers.

The Brazinskas affair was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 2), which excerpted articles from the Sueddeutsche Zeitung and The Daily Telegraph.

5. Private Correspondence. NOTE (Roitman, M'7) first referred to US Congressman Benjamin Gilman's letter, handed to Soviet delegates at the Belgrade conference, on the disappearance of large numbers of registered letters Sent from the US to the USSR, mostly to Soviet Jews, whom Gilman said the Soviet authorities were trying to isolate from the outside world. The program reviewed a May 1973 report in the Sueddeutsche Zeitunq on correspondence between the West German and Soviet postal authoritie: on the non -delivery of 2,000 registered items sent to the USSR by the Action Committee for the Support of Soviet Jews. The Soviet Postal Ministry spoke of provocative material, although most of the items were UN documents, Hebrew textbooks printed in the GDR, pamphlets issued by the Soviet Embassy in Bonn on the situation of Soviet Jews, etc. The program quoted from the Soviet import and customs regulations on the prohibition of the import of material which could "cause the USSR political or 3 -

economic harm," and said even this vague term could hardly be applied to Soviet citizens' private correspondence. Zhores Medvedev was quoted as estimating in his book, The Secrecy of Correspondence is Protected by Law, that 500 censors are employed in the USSR on international correspondence.

6. The Visit of the French Defense Minister to the Soviet Union was the topic of PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4), which reviewed French press speculation on the reasons for the especially elaborate reception accorded Bourges.. It was pointed out that both Le Figaro and l'Humanite -suggested that the Soviet Union was speculating on a parliamentary victory by the present ruling majority; the former with pleasure and the latter with irritation.

7. The Soviet Reluctance to Publish Criminal Statistics was discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 1), which used an article from The Washington Post. 8. Egyptian-Sudanese -Soviet Relations. NOTE (Perouansky, M 4:30) 'focused -on the joint session of the Egyptian ,and Sudanese parliaments being held in Cairo at which, in an obvious reference to the.USSP Libya and Ethiopia, Sadat spOke of. "provocative political measurs, suspicious alliances, massive deliveries of weapons, and intrigues," while advocating a normalization of relations with the USSR. Salat and Numeiri expressed hope for an eventual unification of Egypt and the Sudan.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TDPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Czech Dissidents. FOR YOUR FREEDOM AND OURS No. 70 (Silnickaya, NY 12) gave a portrait of Marta Kubisova, who recently joined the Charter 77 Movement. The program quoted from Jiri Cerny's book Singers Who Did Not Finish a Conservatory, and gave the texts of her 11, songs Marta's Prayer (her first protest song, performed on Augut 23, 1968 on Czechoslovak TV), and Taiga Blues (dedicated to Pavel Lit- vinov). The program quoted from an interview with Reporter in April 1969 in which she said that under current conditions in Czechoslovaki, it was inevitable that the profession of a singer assumed a:political character.

2. Polish Samizdat. NOTE (Vardy, M 4:30) reviewed the first issue of the new Polish samizdat magazine Glos (The Voice), pointing out that it included an open letter from a veteran Polish communist, the former Minister of Education, Wladislaw Bienkowski. This letter analyzed the course of postwar PoliSh 'history and affirmed that the Soviet variant of socialism is not suitable for Poland of the other countries of Central or Western Europe. The issue also included a program document, "The Declaration of the Democratic Movement," which was a summary of the basic ideas and suggestions of human rights movement participants during the last few years. 3. China is Moving Away from Maoist Principles, NEW YORK REPORT No. 710-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3:30) pointed out. The program noted that the Chinese government recently announced its intention to review the policy which had frozen wages since 1957. Mao had taught that labor should not be stimulated by material reward but' tather by political consciousness and proletarian ideology. The new government leaders have chosen a more prag- matic line.

4. Tito's Marriage was partially the result of his aided' meddling, NOTE (Belotserkovsky, M 5:30) pointed out. Three of Tito's closest aide-- Kardelj, Rankovic and Djilas -- met in the winter of 1944 to decide what to 'do about Tito's love life, which was disrupted due to the death of his wartime companion Zdenka from tuberculosis. Tito's aidviselected several attractive and politically reliable women who were tested party members and "planted" them in Tito's household. The plan was successful and Tito later married one of the young women, Jovanka, who had been in charge of his wardrobe. The program discussed Jovanka's rise to become the power behind the throne, which has culminated in her present detention in the presidential palace where she is under investigation for having misused her influence on Tito. The program remarked that it is not known whether Tito knows the role his associates played in his courtship to this day. An articl from The Washington Post was used.

5. The Situation in Poland was discussed by Adam Michnik in an article published in Le Monde featured in PARIS REPORT (Ryser, P6).

6. The Romanian Orthodox Church was the topic of a BBC television program which was summarized in LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 3).

7. Human Rights in Eastern Europe was a topic of WORLD TODAY (Matusevich, M 9), which discussed a Swedish protest against the Prague trial and cited an article from the Svenska Dagbladet on the situation in Poland.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Israel. TEL-AVIV REPORT No. 16286 (Perelman, Isr 4:30) gave details of the entry into the Israeli government of the Democratic Movement for Change (Dash), noting the generally favorable reaction of the press, and criticism by opposition leader Peres.

2. The UN Security Council Called a Special Session to Discuss the Crackdown in South Africa, UN REPORT No. 163-77 (Bykovsky, NY 3: pointed out. The speech by the Tunisian representative in the name of 48 African countries was cited which called for punitive sanctions against South Africa which were outlined in four draft resolutions formulated by the African countries seven months ago. Reference was made to the statement by Andrew Young, who expre,sed his personal opinion in favor of some kind of sanctions against South Africa.

3. Spain. .NOTE,(Henkin, M 5:30)- discussed the Spanish "social contract aimed at stabilizing the national economy. It was pointed out that the Spanish Communists played an important role in bringing about this agreement, thus showing respect for the principle of coalition politics. An interview with Carrillo in Le MOnde was excerpted in which he did not hide his satisfaction with this method of solving basic problems.

4. Terrorism. NOTEAPredtechevsky, M5:30) reported the terrorist suicides in Stuttgart's Stammheim Prison and discussed the .puzzles implied by the event.

Terrorism was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 2i30), which used articles from Le Monde, La Stampa, the Basler Zeidung and Die Presse.

5. The Rosenberg Case: NEW YORK REPORT No. 713-77 (Storozhenko, NY 3) noted that the sons of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, executed for atomic espionage in 1953, are attempting to prove their parents' innocence on the basis of material preserved in the FBI archives.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The First International Conference on the Use of Icebergs hiqd at Iowa State University was reported on in CONTRIBUTION TO TIfl "ABROAD" SERIES No. 32 (Storozhenko, NY 5) which focused on the participation of Saudi Arabia's Prince Mohammed El-Feisal.

PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 5:30) cbnsisted of A-7 (Rahr, M 1), C-5 (Rahr, M 2:30) and A-4 (Rahr, M 2).

WORLD TODAY (Matubevich, M 59) Included compiled first-run programming.on the following topics: press review excerpts (Rahr, M 4:30), developments in China (Shilaeff, NY 3), the result's of Y. Bourges visit to the USSR (Mirky, P 1:30), the Spanish ecOnomic pact and the Carrillo 'interview in Le Monde (Henkin, M 4), the Polish samizdat journal Glos (Vardy, M 3), Michnik's article on the crisis.in polish society published in Le Monde (Ryser, P 3)., the Poetess -singer Martha Kubisova (Silnickaya, NY 9), tampering with mail in the Soviet Union 1Roitman, M 2:30) and a talk with former Soviet journalist E. Klepikova (Rudolf, NY 3:30).-

gk/SL

- 6 - NEWS COVERAGE stories intheir newscasts of All RFE.BDs. and RL/NS carried these October 25: possible U.S. has made a decision on whether to agree to The has not said sanctions against South Africa but the president what the decision is. advance notification Romania has made a proposal at Belgrade for of major movements of troops. in Belgrade are trying tf Bohuslav Chnoupek has said some countries interfere in Czechoslovakia's internal affairs. agreed to put the probler The United Nations General Assembly today of air hijacking on its agenda. attempt on .his life. Syria's Foreign Minister blames Iraq for an Onister have discussed Jimmy Carter and Saudi Arabia's Foxeign the Geneva Middle East conference. imprisoned dissideni President Carter .personally raised the case of minister- Andrei Gromyko Anatoly Shcharansky with Soviet Foreign last month. are . Sakharov said today he believes Soviet authorities Andrei in a Moscow responsible' for a break-in yesterday at his apartment suburb. ' or deny that some The &tate Department has declined to confirm on force reductions. NATO nations have worked.out a new proposal opposition leaders today Spanish prime Minister Adolfo Suarez and signed' an agreement aimed at tackling inflation.- . a series of talks Portuguese p,rime.Pdnister Mario Soares began aimed at resolving with political, labor and business.leaders .the country's economic crisis. a trip to Moscow Carrillo says he does not know whether Santiago party and the Soviets. will lessen the disagreement between his over the Statue of Five Puerto Rican nationalists-todaY took Liberty at the. entrance to New York harbor'. announced agreement Holland's quarrelling political. parties today center'-Lpft cabinet. on the share -out of seats in.a new RFERL

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 255

(A summary of the -news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 255 for Wednesday, 26 October 1977 J. Vale/D.Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, IECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Human Rights. NOTE (Belotserkovsky, M 5:30) rePorted the search conducted in Sakharov's apartment. The program discussed the peculiar brand of "terrorism" in evidence in the Soviet Union, pointing out that while in the West the terrorists are in opposition to the existing structure, in the Soviet Union the victims of the "terrorists" are usually people who stand in opposition to the authorities. Reference was made to a number of suspicious deaths of politically active Soviets, including lawyer Yevgeny Brunov who was thrown from a tram after having visited Sakharov's apartment, and artists Yevgeny'Rukhin and Lyudmila Dadlak who were burned alive in an unexplained fire.

NEW YORK REPORT No. 717-77 (Gendler, NY 3) referred to the Mondale statement made before the representatives of Jewish public organizations that during his meetings at the end of September with Gro- myko, Carter raised the question of the Shcharansky affair. Mon- dale emphasized that Carter is extremely concerned with the course of human rights in the Soviet Union. The program gave background information on Shcharansky, noting the Izvedtia charge that he had CIA contacts, and pointed out that Carter announced personally that this charge was not substantiated by fact.

Vladimir Vysotsky sang The Honor of the Chess Crown in SOUND OF STRINGS No. 577:(Mitina, M 4:30).

2. The Economy. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEMS NO. 73 (Glasenapp, M 9). illustrated the much higher standard of living in the FRG compared with the USSR by giving the time which has to be worked in order to buy selected food and industrial products. The program pointed to the unrealistic official ruble exchange rate, noting that Soviet foreign trade organizations operate with hard currency,and to the extremely high Soviet indirect taxation on many consumer goods, despite the fact that Lenin considered indirect taxation as unjust. The program used an article from the Sueddeutsche Zeitung.

A BASIC PROBLEMS OF THE SOVIET ECONOMY NO. 90 (Chianurov, M 5) noted concern in the USSR over the growing shortage of fresh water, which has already resulted, for example, in production shortfalls, reduced fish catches, and restricted expansion of cotton -growing areas. The script referred to proposals to solve the problem by building canals and diverting rivers, but pointed to the prohibitive Cost and Western scientists' fears of re'sultant climatic changes.

3. History. DO YOU REMEMBER? No. 39 (Pylayev, M.9) recalled the unsuccessful experiment, carried out after Lenin's death and in contravention of his opposition to any special "proletarian culture," to transform semi-literate "workers and rural corres- pondents" (rabkomand selkorv) into writers, and Stalin's establishment of the USSR Writers Union in 1934 in order 'to subject literature to total party control. This measure eventually' samizdat. contributed to the emergence of 4. MODERN WOMAN No. 45 (Gordin and Roitman, M 9) focused on the report, contained in the 43rd issue of the Chronicle of Current Events, that a senior militia official in Moscow had warned ' Larissa Bogoraz that unless she found work within one month she would be arraigned for parasitism. It seems that there is a special list of persons whose wives were permitted to be just housewives, but the general rule is that mothers of children,more than one year old are obligated to work. The script said these threats appeared to have no legal justification, and attributed them to Bogaraz' active role in the democratic movement in the USSR.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The MC, NEW YORK REPORT No. 716-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3) noted that Hua Kuo-feng announced that the fifth session of the All - China Meeting of the Peoples Representatives will be postponed until next spring. The program pointed out that the very fact that the government informed the people about an upcoming important political event is in itself unusual for the Chinese. It was suggested that this development could reflect the continuing disagreement at the highest levels of the Peking leadership.

2. The Situation in Poland was analyzed in an article from the Svenska Daqbladet, featured in NOTE (Matusevich, M 6:30).

3. Carrillo's Interview in"Le Nouvel Observateur" was excerpted in PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 5:30).

4. .An Open Letter by Members of the Czechoslovak Human RiOhts .Movement, published in the Frankfurter RundsChau was featured in .NOTE (Vardy, M 5:30). C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

reported. 1. Sanctions against -South Africa? .NOTE (Rahr,. M 7:30) in South the arrest of prominent .activists opposing apartheid several Africa as well as the ban on 18 black organizations and black newspapers.,-, which has led to the recall of ambassadors It.was from: the United States, the FRG and. the Netherlands. Africa pointed out that the question of sanctions against South London' is being discussed not only in the 'UN but in Washington, state- and otherWestern,capitals as well. Tape-cuts of Carter's of an ments on the problem were included, and extensive excerpts analysis from The Washington Post were used.

discussed in The question of sanctions against South Africa was The Wash- PRESS REVIEW (Henkin, M 2), which used an article from ington Post.

Measures 2. The Waldheim Proposal to Draft Anti-Terrorist which was discussed in UN REPORT No. 164-77 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30), of featured the text of a document calling for the protection supported international civil aviation from terrorism which was not one by the delegations of 42 countries. It was noted that African Arab delegation was among them, and only two of the 49 countries supported the move.

4:30) Terrorism was a topic .of PRESS REVIEW (Vardy and Rahr, M The. which used articles. from La Suisse' on Scheel'S speech, Israel's International Herald Tribune on the security system at. for,. BentGurion airport and The New York Times on the necessity international Cooperation in the fight against terrorism.

(Perouansky, M 5:30) 3. The Belgrade Meeting. was the topic of NOTE representa- whiC,h highlighted the Goldberg Statement accusing the a tives of the East European countries of attempting to avoid areas, In dialogue on questions. of -cooperation in humanitarian Goldberg stated this announcement, made to a group of journalists,

that up to this .point there has been ementially no dialogUe. .reiterate because the East European representatives continue to of them by their positions but do not answer the questions asked the neutral the NATO countries.' delegates nor by the delegates of and non-aligned governments.

were the 4. The Greek Elections to Take Place on November 20 although the topic of NOTE (Henkin, M 5:30), which reported that is assured ruling party "The New Democracy" headed by Caramanlis, to ims of victory, the opposition parties are nonetheless hoping information on prove their positions. The program gave background the the Greek CP, noting the development of the split between and "internal" and "external" Greek communist groups since 1937 the pointed out that now, 40 years later, is the first time that Greek Communists will act as a single unit. Rights, Mark 5. Deputy Assistant State Secretary for Human a House Schneider's Speech on American Human Rights Policy to in NOTE (Predte- of Representatives subcommittee was excerpted to his chevsky, M 6), which featured American press reaction and The New statements using articles from The Washington Post York Times.

REPORT No. 304 6. The MBFR Talks were the focus of WASHINGTON New York (Orshansky, W 4), which highlighted a report from The by the US, England Times describing a new proposal formulated Department refused to and the FRG. It was added that the State confirm or deny the report.

3:30) Thailand. NEW YORK REPORT No. 714-77 (Shilaeff,- NY 7. government ove. discussed the events which have followed last week's apparatus. thraini and analyzed the new administrative Proposal that the Dali The American State Department on the ,8. No. 303 (Orshansky, Lama Visit the United States. WASHINGTON REPORT requested per-, W 3:30) noted that the Dali Lama had previously the request had mission to make a formal visit to the US, and of the State denied. The program discussed the response been which also did Department which declined to permit the visit but time. not want to give a formal negative answer at this

LONDON REPORT 9. .The Center of JET Will be in Culham, England the background (Chugunov, L 4) pointed Out. :The program reviewed thermo-nuclear fusion in of this 'international effort to control order to tap a new powerful energy- source.

NON-COMMUNIST D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF COUNTRIES: Article "Man - 1. The Final Installment of Arthur Koestler's of Vremya- an Evolutionary Mistake," published in the 17th issue No. 683 (Kunta, M 23). i Mv, was featured in FROM THE OTHER SHORE

Born Again" 2. US Evangelist Billy Graham's New Book "How To Be (Petrovskaya, NY was reviewed in BOOKS, JOURNALS AND IDEAS No. 142

Placid 3. Preparations for the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake (Storozhenko,.NY were described in MULTISTORIED AMERICA No. 33 6:30). -5-

Ronny Zamora was The Case of the 15 -Year-Old Murderer 4. (Storozhenko, NY 7). discussed in MULTISTORIED AMERICA No. 33

M 6:30) consisted of C-1 REVIEW (\Tardy, Rahr and Henkin, PRESS 4:30). (Henkin, M 2) and C2 (Vardy and Rahr, M

first -run programming TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59)/compiled WORLD humanitarian issues at the the following topics: Goldberg on on South Africa and the Belgrade conference (Perouansky, M 2), Sakharov break-in (Belo- question of sanctions (Rahr, M 2), the Evolution (Koeeler and Kunta, tserkovsky, M 2), Man - a Mistake of Union (Chianurov, M 2:30), M 3), the water crisis in the Soviet NY 2:30), the standard of the situation in Thailand (Shilaeff, on Billy Graham's.book living in the West (Glasenapp, M 4), NY 4:30), the Americn press How to be Born Again (Petrovskaya, (Predtechevsky, M 2:30), the drive on Cartet's human rights policy (Pylaev, M 3:30), the Carrillo for a "specialuproletarian literature (girsky, P 3), the Greek interview in Le Nouvel Observateur Sinyavsky's book Voice from Election Campaign (Henkin, M 2:3,0) and the Chorus (Rozanova, P 3:30).

gk/SL ' NEWS -COVERAGE All RFE Bps 'and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of October 26:

The latest test of America's space shuttle resulted in a 'bumpy landing.

The United States accused Eastern Europe today: of. avoiding a dialogue over humanitarian questions.at the East-mbt. meeting inA3eIgrade. Anwar Sadat says Egypt is suspending for ten years Its repayment of military, debts to Moscow.

East.and WestGermany'today resumed their negotiations.- . Indian Prime. Minister' Desai and SoViet.President:Brezhnev.signede 'joint Soviet -Indian declaration in the Kremlin thmorning. The British government today announced measures aimed at increasing employment and incentive.'

Vasil Bilak says a handful of disruptionists will not be allowed to continue to deceive Czechoslovakia-. .Nepszabadsap Says communist parties in western Europe are becomintr. increasingly .aware of efforts to over emphasize the. natural differences of opinion among communist- parties.- Veselin Djuranovic is now in Prague.after a visit to. Warsaw,

A PLO delegation is headed for Moscow. An official report in WeSt Germany says three jailed anarchists committed suicide and were not murdered as some of their supporters have claimed. ' A prominent black activist in South Africa is.said to havedied.frorn. severe brain damage and not from aAlunger Strike as authorities first claimed.

Arab and Common Market representatives met in Brussels today to discuss economic cooperation but promptly expressed disagreement over the Middle East.

EthkPia's'Foreign Minister said today that the only Cuban advisers his couhtry has are "medical advisors." 1, pgrimpl L

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST. ANALYSIS NO. 256

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 256

for Thfirsday, 27 October 1977

J. Vale/D. Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet -US Relations. NOTE (Perouansky, M 5:30) highlighted the charge by an American delegate that the Soviet. Union and Czechoslovakir have violated the provisions of the CSCE Final Act dealing with the improvement of work conditions for foreign journalists. The program cited the pertinent sections of the CSCE Final Act and gave background information on the George Krimsky and Robert Toth cases. Reference was made to the answer of Soviet representative Kondrashev, who charged that the profession of journalism does not give anyone the right to break laws, and that the journalists mentioned were involved in illegal underground activities.

Means to develop cooperation between the United States and the Soviet Union were discussed in a speech by State Department Special Adviser to the Secretary of State on Soviet Affairs Marshall Shulman to a meeting of the House Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East, excerpted in WASHINGTON REPORT No. 305 (Orshansky, W 5:30).

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS No. 1360 (Burshtein, M 27 ) featured the texts of an appeal by Tatyana Kho- dorovich, Malva Landa and Kronid Lyubarsky to President Carter for help in protecting from systematic destruction by the Soviet authorities the Solzhenitsyn Fund for .aid to Soviet political prisoners, and an article by Malva Landa on Alexander Ginzburg.

J. Trattner of the State Department spoke on the Brazinskas affair in WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 0:30). -2-'

(i.e., of chess with Vladimir Vysotsky sang An Imaginary Game 578 (Mitina, M 4:30). Bobby Fischer) in SOUND OF STRINGS No.

in Moscow were analyzed Results of Desai's Negotiations 3. The exceptionally warm (Vardy, M 5), which pointed to the in NOTE enthusiastic reports in the reception accorded Desai accompanied by same newspapers had re- Soviet media. It was noted that these of imperialism and an to Desai as a reactionary, a lackey ferred the time of the of India's progressive forces during opponent Soviet emphasis on elections. Reference was made to the Indian reflected by the press emotional aspects of the negotiations the support "for India and descriptions of "the Soviet Union's warm two nations which have always the eternal friendship between tin The program suggested felt "respect and love" for each other. pointing .out that deve- reasons for India's non-aligned politics, scientific -technological aid loping India'needs economic and believed to Play an important wherever it can get it. This is role in India's policy considerations. was discussed in LONDON 4. Soviet Policy in the Indian Ocean pegged to the Maldive Islands' REPORT (Chugunov, L 4:30), which was old English military base on rejection of a Soviet offer to buy an Soviet military influence one of the islands. The development of its base in Berbera, was in the Indian Ocean, primarily through due to the Soviet discussed, pointing to recent complications as a result of Soviet Union's worsening relations with Somalia that the worsening of Soviet- support for Ethiopia. It was opined Union to make the offer to Somali relations prompted the Soviet the Maldive Islands.

Biennale. NOTE (Pusta, M 4:30) The Soviet Campaign Against the 5. organizer, Carlo Ripa di featured an article by the Biennale's "thanks" the Soviet media Meana, published in La Stampa which Biennale in an ironical fashion. for their critical articles on the

performance of Soviet wrestlers in 6. Sports. The disappointing (Menchukov, M 1:30). Sweden was noted in WORLD TODAY

on the assertion by History. NOTE (Henkin,,M 5:30) focused 7. Andrew in The Times (London) Cambridge University Prof. Christopher Grigoriy Zinoviev which resulted that the letter by Comintern head Labour government in Britain in the fall of the Ramsay MacDonald Zinoviev called on the British was genuine. In the letter, in 1924 comrades to prepare a communists to pressure their Labourite was a political swing to revolution. The result of the letter letter was indeed in right. The script observed that the the tactics, and pointed in accordance with Lenin's revolutionary some time ago in Problems this connection to Ponomarev's article alleged instructions to Portuguese of Peace and Socialism and his communists. birth of Ordzhonikidz Russian secular theater (1672), the - The first Calendar . z:(1866). arkcit/IP:I..Y.9.5.:.14urlik landing were recalled in the section of WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 4). B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS: Vardy, M 9:30) 1. Polish Sami2dat."'EAST BUROPEAN NOTES No. 29 (S. Rtbotnik, excerpted an editorial in the first issue of the newspaper explaining its put out by the Comwittee for Social Self-Defense, the fact objective of defending the workers' interests in view of basic the official trade -unions ere not fulfilling their that published mission. An article entitled "Opponents of the System," in the journal of the Polish Independence Agreement, was also present reviewed, which listed as the three basic features of the political and Polish socio-economic system the party's monopoly of and the economic power, the judiciary's dependence on the party, said that if Polish state's dependence on the USSR. The article Polish system would only one of these factors were eliminated, the was supported cease to be totalitarian. It opined that the system -carrot a minority, and existed thanks to its whip-and by only . tactics rather than to Soviet threats.

No. 265 2. The USSR and Eastern Europe. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS on this (Maltsev, M 7:30) reported on an international conference former subject held in Lucca (Italy). The discussants included Leszek Ko- Kissinger advisor Helmut Sonnenfeld, Polish philosopher Loewenthal lakowski, Survey editor Leopold Labedz and Prof. Richard prompted by West Berlin. The program focused on the discussion of dictator- Sonnenfeld's thesis that it was not so much the Soviet extensive ship which dominated Eastern Europe as a massive and were security penetration and a constant threat. The discussants in the in agreement on the need to prevent revolutionary outbursts region.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS: were 1. Carter's Remarks at the Jefferson-Jackson Day .Dinner which excerpted in WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1046 (Savemark, W 4:30), the featured the portions dealing with additional progress in Africa. SALT negotiations and questions of sanctions against South

the 2. South Africa. Soviet UN delegate Troyanovsky criticized possible crackdown in South Africa, and K. Ramphul remarked on a and 0:30). Western arms sale ban in WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 0:30

Egypt was 3. The Middle East. Pegged to Sadat's statement that debts imposing a ten-year unilateral moratorium on the repaymdnt of that since to the USSR for arms supplies, NOTE (Rahr, M 7:30) noted latter is Egypt and Syria have proved to be no pawns.of Moscow, the also evidently banXing primarily on the Palestinians. The program Geneva reviewed the question of Palestinian participation at a new peace conference. -4-

NY 3:3( 4. International Terrorism. UN REPORT No. 166-77 (Bykowsky, Political reported on the meeting of the UN General Assembly's First was Commitee on measures against aircraft hijacking. Reference ICAO Chairman made to appeals by IFLLkA President Derry Pearce and by all Assad Kotaite for the ratification of existing conventions countries.

in IFALPA President Derry Pearce addressed the UN on hijacking WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 0:30).

NEW YORK REPORT No. 718-77 (Davydov, NY 3) highlighted an for article by Sulzberger in The New York Times which called criminals the creation of a special prison for international which would be financed and directed by the UN.

which used Terrorism was a topic of PRESS REVIEW (Henkin, M 3:30) articles from Newsweek, Die Zeit and the Basler Zeitung.

article from 5. American-PRC Relations were discussed in an recently com- The Wall Street Journal, which was pegged to the pleted visit to the PRC by a group of this paper's writers. The article was excerpted in PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 3).

(Savemark, W 5) 6. The Panama Canal. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1045 and discussed the new treaty on the status of the Panama Canal in a Pa- noted that it had been approved by an overwThOming majority agreement- namanian plebiscite. The fate of the American-Panamian Senate. -was observed to depend on the decision of the American

(Roitman, 7. Chilean Refugees and the Socialist Countries. NOTE General Luis M 5) pointed to an article by Chilean CP Secretary Inextinguishablic Corvalan published in Pravda under the title "An saw iflOW Light" in which he said that the peoples of Latin America joy and need, the USSR a sincere and true friend in times of both against and spoke in favor of proletarian internationalism and poor record Marxism. The script contrasted this with the extremely Chilean , the USSR and other socialist countries in accepting of Western refugees after the coup -of September 1973, in contrast to interview countries. The program noted Corvalan's statement in an Soviet to Le Nouvel Observateur in reply to a question about on the political prisoners, that he was not in the USSR to check Soviet criminal code.

NY 4) 8. The Dumitrescu Affair. UN REPORT No. 165-77 (Bykowsky, International focused on a pettion to Waldheim by the Federation of the Civil Servants' Associations asking him to intercede with Romanian government on behalf of UNESCO employee Sorin Dumitrescu. held in According to senior UNESCO officials, Dumitrescu is being the his native land for refusing to work as a secret agent for such Romanian intelligence services. The petition observed that activities contradict the UNESCO oath of allegiance. 9; French Prime Minister Barre's Visit to Hungary was the topic of PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 3:30), which noted that the visit is expected to encourage conditions favorable to the increase of economic and technical cooperation, which at the present is rather -undeveloped -- a fact admitted by both sides. The program pointed out that France is only in fifth place among Hungary's Western trading partners, behind the FRG, Italy, Austria and Brazil.

10. Hong Kong., PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES No. 86 (Pusta, M 6:30) observed that the CPR has an interest in the preservation of this British colony as a "window on the world." In particular, Hong Kong serves as an outlet for agents and propaganda, a source of hard currency and an economic middleman with the West.

11. Guenther Gaus on East-West German Relations was featured On WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 0:30).

12. The 1955 Geneva Conference on German Reunification was briefly recalled in the Calendar section of WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 1).

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The Landing of the "Enterprise" Space Shuttle on a Concrete Runway was the subject of NEW YORK REPORT No. 720-77 (Muslin, NY 3:30), which gave background information on the project.

2. Modern Youth. In KUZNETSOV'S TALK No. 200 (Kuznetsov, L 13) a former, Soviet writer said that the Western youth of the 1970s is mcre solid and responsible in its criticism of society than that of the 1960s. Kuznetsov gave as an example the predominantly young members of Amnesty International.

3. The Evolutionary Theses of French Thinker Pierre Teilhard de Chardin were the subject of PHILOSOPHY IN A CHANGING WORLD No. 25

(Pyatigorsky, L 14).

PRESS REVIEW (Henkin and Rahr,. M'6:30) was featured in C-3 (Henkin, M 3:30) and C-4 (Rahr, M 3). - 6 -

WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 59) included compiled first -run programming on the following topics: Arthur Koestler's Man - An Evolutionary Mistake (Kunta, M 3:30), a FICSA press release on the case of UN staffer Dumitrescu (Bykowsky, NY 2), Corvalan on the October Revolution (Roitman, M 2), the letter to Carter from Khodorovich, Landa and Lyubarsky (Burshtein, M 3), Polish samizdat (S. Vardy, M 2), a Sulzberger article in The New York Times on an internafional jail for terrorists, Desai's visit to the USSR (V. Vardy, M 2), Soviet activities in the Indian Ocean (Chugunov, L 1:30), Sadat and the USSR (Rahr, M 1:30), the space shuttle tests (Muslin, NY 1) and today's youth (Kuznetsov, L 2130).

gk/SL - 7 -. NEWS COVERAGE . Al]. RFP 73% and RUNS carried these stories in their newscasts o October 27:

The U.S. will support a mandatory arms embargo on South Africa. South African Prime Minister Vorster last night adamantly rejectt any suggestion of .a one man, one vote electoral system for his country.

Jimmy Carter has again expressed optimism about the SALT talks.

A senior U.S. official says there has been no slackening in the government's commitment; to human rights nor will there be any in the future.

President Tito has been told to rest. .Egypt has said it won't sign a peace treaty with Israel unless Israel withdraws from occupied Arab lands and establishes a home for the Palestinians.

The U.S. Defense Department says the Soviet Union abpears to be continuing tests of its so-called "killer satellites".

There have been new talks in Vienna on force reductions. the Polish pnrliament today passed legislation giving increased .incentives to farmers in a bid to boost food- production.

.The Soviets called at Belgrade for the end of Radia Liberty. The Spanish government and most of its leading political opponents have signed an agreement -on a common legislative-progrn'

The Common Market and Yugoslavia have agreed- to start formal -negotiations on a new trade agreement:early next year.

Three West German terrorists, who committed suicide in prison last week were buried in- Stuttgart today.

Indian Prime Minister Desai said in New Delhi today that the Sovic .Union has agreed to a reduction of .its forces in the Indian Ocean-, . . The French premier is visiting Budapest. RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 257

-(.l summary of the news.coverage,by the Russian- language programming appears at the.end Of the DBA.) .

Russian paily Broadcast Analysis No. 257 for Friday, 28 October 1977 J. Vale/D. Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS POLITICAL; ECONOMIC,, SOCIAL, AND

1. Soviet Attacks Against RFE/RL at Belgrade. NOTE (Perouansky, M 3:30) first referred to Kondrachev's charges that RI, was engaged inublack propaganda" and interference in internal Soviet affairs; is 'staffed by traitors whose hands were stained with the blood of Soviet citizens; and is regarded, by Soviet citizens as a hostile. and.subversive'radio station. The program observed that RFE/RL is financed by the US Congress and supervised by- the Board for International Broadcasting appointed by the President, and that many. RL staffers left the USSR legally and comparatively recently. In connection with Kondrachevs last-mentioned charge and p- pre- viOus. press conference at which a Soviet -,representative said, foreign radio Stations'were jammed because Soviet citizens did not want to listen to them, the 'British delegate at Belgrade was. quoted as having pointed to.theposibility of switchingoff or tuning in to another station. .Reference was:made to VOrOntsov's earlier charge that RFE/Rt contravened the spirit of Helsinki, and the US delegate's rejction of the charge.' Finally, Westerman delegate Hertz was ' quoted as comparing the jamming of radio stations to the burning of books in the Middle Ages.

2. Human Rights. NAUM KORZHAVIN'S TALK'No. 21 (Korzhavin, P 7:30) spoke of increased repression -and intimidation in tie USSR, par- .ticu]'arlr in the qualitative'sense, as illustrated by the espionage charge against Shcharansky, and the attempt -to :incriminate. former Solzhenitsyn Fund administrator Aleksandr Ginzburg of currency o7fences and stirring up disorders in a labor camp. The program' observed that the new wave of repression, reminiscent of the Stalin era, is having a certain effect in that some people are dissociating themselves from or turning against their dissident friends. He said that once again a time has arrived in which a person has to be almost a hero if he wants to be decent. JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 237 (Nudelman, NY 5) said the fact that immediately before and during the Belgrade conference the Soviet authorities suddenly allowed such Jewish activists as Mark Azbel and Veniamin Fayn to emigrate hot only belies the argument that refusals of such permission have always been motivated by "state considerations," but constitutes an attempt to deprive the Soviet Jewish national -cultural movement of its leadership.

JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 237 (Roitman, M 4) featured a further excerpt from the autobiography of retired Soviet Air Force Colonel Lev Ovsishcher in which he described his fight for permission to emigrate and his consequent expulsion from the party.

SPECIAL FEATURE (Kunta, M 28) presented the final installment of Viktor Nekrasov's A Look and Something, published in the 13th issue of Kontinent , preceded by a reply by Nekrasov to a friend in Kiev who asked why he was Writing so much about the West instead of the Soviet Union.

JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 237 (Roitman, M 2:30) presented the text of an appeal by 32 Soviet Jews on behalf of Anatoliy Shcha- ransky published in the Russian-language Paris journal Nasha Strana. The appeal described the measures being taken against Shcharansky as part of a nationwide campaign against activists of the Jewish emigration movement.

An article by Bernard Levin on Literaturnava Gazeta's efforts to discredit Soviet dissidents and the campaigns on their behalf in the West was featured in PRESS REVIEW (Henkin, M2:30).

Bulat Okudzhava sang Farewell to Poland in SOUND OF STRINGS No. 579 (Mitina, M 4:30).

3. The USSR and Eurocommunism. NOTE (Henkin, M 6:30) took as its point of departure an article by Suslov in Problems of Peace and Socialism, written on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the October Revolution, in which he warned that the USSR would not tolerate the activities of an "insignificant handful of dissidents who are the accomplices of imperialism." The program noted that the question of dissidents is one of the points of dispute between the CPSU and the West European CPs, referring to statements made on Italian TV by Carrillo, Buffalini and Elleinstein. The program also contrasted Suslov's article with the visit to Madrid by Pravda chief-editor Afanasev and CPSU CC official Pertsov during which Afanasev said Carrillo's book Eurocommunism and the State. contained worthwhile ideas and observed that Novoe Vremva did not: reflect the party viewpoint. The script attributed this paradox.to Moscow's realization that although Eurocommunism had to be condemned, it had to be lived with. The.tough party line . had been expressed by Suslov,and Afanasev: could easily be disavowed. Another possible consideration Was that Moscow had not given 'up the idea of trying to win over Carrillo to a more acceptable standpoint..

4. Chakovskv on French Television. PARIS REPORT (Galich, P 6) was devoted to Literaturnava Gazeta chief editor Aleksandr Cha- kovsky's appearance on French TV, quoting Petr Ravich in Le Figaro that Chakovsky attempted to convey the impression that the USSR was the freest country in the world. Reference was made, to Cha- kovsky's statement, in reply to a question by Jean Daniel of Le Nouvel Observateur, that while Solzhenitsyn was a talented writer, he had placed his services at the disposal of forces hostile to the USSR. It was noted that Chakovsky also evaded questions on the USSR's obstructionist tactics over the Venice Binnnale, as well as on Shcharansky (it was the business of the court to decide whether he was innocent or guilty), and declined a telephone invitation from Leonid Plyushch to conduct a TV debate on the grounds that Plyushch had attacked the USSR too severely. It was suggested that the French public was hardly likely to believe Chakovsky's claim that Soviet citizens had complete freedom to leave the country.

5. Soviet -US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT No. 729-77 (Davydov, NY 3:30) noted official US reaction to the development: of Soviet killer -satellites, quoting Defense Secretary Brown, that the US would need at least five years to develop such satellites, and State Department advisor Marshall Shulman, that if the USSR continued its tests, the US might have to develop such weapons on a crash basis. The script also referred to Carter's March appeal for a ban on killer satellites. ,

6. The USSR and the Biennale of Venice which is to be devoted to the literature and art of the USSR and the East European countries, was tile subject of NOTE (Matusevich, M 4), which observed that Italian millionaire Paolo Marinotti has declined to place his Palazzo Grassi at the disposal of the festival's organizers. This followed a warning from officials of the Soviet Embassy that if works by non -conformist artists were displayed, his synthetic fiber deals with the USSR would be stopped. The script pointed to the paradoxical situation in which the USSR has sought the alliance of a millionaire against socialists, communists and independent Marxists.

Developments concerning the Biennale were discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Mannheim, M 4:30), which used articles from the Frankfurter Allge- meine Zeitung, Novosti and l'Unita.

- 7. The Merchant Marine. NEW YORK REPORT No. 728-77 (Konson, NY 3) was pegged to the US congressional hearing on the Soviet merchant marine. Congressman John Murphy was quoted on the latter's military and political role and its threat to Western shipping due to low freight rates. Soviet Admiral Gorshkov was quoted that "we are making effective use of the world's oceans in the interest of the construction of communism."

8. The Economy. PRESENT-DNY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY No. 116 (Muslin, NY 14) continued to present the substance of the CIA's

report on Soviet economic prospects, focusing on its conclusion man- that the economic difficulties resulting from a shortage of power and raw materials will hit,imports from the West, in particular machinery, which are of great importance for increasing labor productivity. The Soviet leaders could be facea.With the alternative of demanding still greater sacrifices from the consumer, or refraining from increasing' military expenditures.

9. Society. In WRITERS AT THE MICROPHONE (Gladilin, P 6) it.was observed that after the Revolution, collectivization, terror and World War Two the Soviet people wanted nothing more than peace and quiet and as a result now tend to let themselves be carried along passively by the system, like passengers in a streetcar. The author of the program asked how long this could go on and whether he and other writers have been at fault for making the

system more attractive by their writing. He said that he and other emigre writers should ring the streetcar bell and attract attention.

10. The Emigre Press. REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOREIGN PRESS No. 65 (Schajovicz, M 12:30) excerphad an article by the.late Catholic theologist Romano Guardini, entitled "Justice and That Which is Higher" from the 24th issue of the theological - philosophical journal Logos published in Brussels, which took as its point of departure the parable of the prodigal son.

11. Literature. IN THE WORLD OF POETRY No. 29 (Vasilili Betaki, P 8:30) discussed the childlike, yet deeply philosophical poetry of cybernetician Vladimir Levansky,

12. Desai's Visit to the Soviet Union was discussed in PRESS -REVIEW (Rahr, M 1), which excerpted an article from The Indian Express. - 5 -

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The Chinese Economy was analyzed in a speech by the chairman of the Chinese central planning department, NEW YORK REPORT (Shilaeff, NY 3) noted. While openly admitting that the Chinese economy is faced with a number of serious problems, the government's head economist called for an intensification of planning and control over the economy and the introduction of strict dis- ciplinary measures to deal with capitalist tendencies, etc. The uneven growth of the Chinese economy was discussed, pointing to the retardation of agriculture and light industry. The pres,mt tendency was noted to be in opposition to Mao's methods during the "Great Leap Forward" which relied heavily upon patriotism and citizens working 18 hours a day, as opposed to planning.

The situation in China was discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Henkin, M 1) which used an article from The Financial Times.

2. Georges Marchais PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 5) reviewed the decision by a Paris court that documents showing that the French CP leader worked in: German aircraft factories during World War Two were genuine. The script quoted Le Quotidien de Paris that Marchais would appear to be neither a traitor nor a hero but a petty bourgeois capable of both heroism and cowardice, depending on the circumstances.

3. The Tiny Jewish Community in Eastern Germany was the subject of an item in JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 237 (Gordin, M 2), which used an article in The Philadelphia Inquirer. The article noted that while the Jewish community in the GDR has no trouble with the authorities, the latter realize that sooner or later it will die out anyway.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Carter's Statements on the South African Arms Embargo were excerpted in NOTE (Rahr, M 7), which used tape -cuts of the president': statements. The program pointed out that the United States cease arms deliveries to the Republic of South Africa 14 years ago and thus Carter's statements pertain only to the cessation of the delivery of spare parts.

2. The Situation in Spain was analyzed in NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6:30), which was pegged to a resolution adopted. -by the Spanish parliament in support of an economic progr.jm calling for joint direction by the leaders of the countries' main political parties. The program used Carrillo's interview in The New York Times in which he expressed the need for cooperation of all left and centrist elements. 6

4) 3. Human Rights. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 306 (Orshansky, W supporting highlighted the contents of an American draft resolution being reviewed' human rights on a world-wide basis which is presently concern by the House of Representatives. The resolution expressed of the over the continuing persecution of dissidents and members other 'intelligentsia in the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia and several the cases countries in Eastern Europe, making specific reference to Yuri Shukhevich of Valentin Moroz, Sergei Kovalev, Mikola Rudenko, and OleksaTikhiy.

proclamation 4. The Situation in Sri Lanka. Pegged to the recent be that under the new Jaywardene governm,mt the country would

transformed into a presidential -type democracy, MISCELLANEOUS of ITEMS No. 266 (Predtechevsky, M 8) focused on the issue demand Tamil separation, referring' tothe subsequently rescinded

in early September for the departure of two Soviet officials Liberation reported to have established contacts with the Tamil Front.

(Pusta, 5. Venezuela. PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES No. 87 noting that M,7) outlined the Venezuelan economic situation, America, while Venezuela is one of the richest courtries in Latin industry. its economic prosperity depends almost entirely on its oil

French citizens 6. The French Reaction to the New Hilacking of by members of the Polisario Liberation Front was discussed in information PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4:30), which gave background French on the event and included an excerpted commentary by the Defense Minister and publicist Andre Frosare from Le Figaro.

opined to 7. The Introduction of a Single European Currency was to the be the ultimate goal of the EEC by Roy Jenkins in a speech European University in Florence, excerpted in LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 4).

discussed 8. Carter's Efforts to Promote His Energy Program were

in NEW YORK REPORT No. 723-77 (Davydov, NY 2:30), which noted Carter's emphasis on the conservation of energy as opposed to raising the prices of fuel.

discussed 9. War Crimes. NEW YORK REPORT No. 722-77 (Dudin, NY 3)

measures being taken by the American Immigration and Naturalization

Service to deal with persons suspected of having committed war crimes. Reference was made to the case of Latvian Boleslav Maikovskis, who is being charged with not having declared his activities with the Latvian Nazi police when he filed his immigration papers in the United states. 7

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Israeli Literature. JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 237 (Zuckerman, NY 13:30) featured the second part of an interview with Israeli writer Aaron Amir in which he spoke of Israeli literature in general and his own literary activities in particular, including his work as editor of the literary journal Keshet.

PRESS REVIEW (Henkin, Rahr, and Mannheim, M 9) consisted of A-2 (Henkin, M 2:30), A-6 (Mannheim, M 4:30), A-12 (Rahr, Ml) and B-1 (Henkin, M 1).

. . . WORLD TODAY (Henkina, M 59) included compiled first -run programming on the following topics: Suslov on inter -party relations (Henkin, M 4), the eve of the takeover of the October Revolution (Levin, M 3:30), the result of repressions'(Korzhavin, NY 2:30), interview with Lyubarsky (Henkin, M 2),attacks on RL during the Belgrade meeting (Perouansky, M 2), "the epilogue to my own book" (Gladilin, P 3), Chakovsky's television appearance in Paris (Galich, P 2:30), excerpts from Kontinent (Nekrasov, P 3), CIA findings regarding the outlook for the Soviet economy (Muslin, NY 3:30), an appeal on behalf of Shcharansky in Vremya i My (Henkina, M 2), the arms embargo against South Africa (Rahr, M 3), Biennale develop- .ments (Matusevich, M 3), Marchais loses his suit against a former CC member (Salkazanova, P 2), and bids for the 1984 winter Olympics (Geichman, M 2:30).'

gk/SL -8-. NEWS .COVERAGE

All RFF ns and RUNS carried these stories their newscasts of October 27:

The U.S. will supporta mandatory arms embargo on South Africa.

South African Prime Minister Vorster last night adamantly rejected any suggestion of a one man, one vote electoral system for his country.

Jimmy Carter has again expressed optimism about the SALT talks.

A senior U.S. official says there hps been no slackening in the government's commitment to human rights nor will there be any in the future. .President Tito has been told to rest.

Egypt has said it won't Sign a peace treaty with Israel unless . Israel withdraws from occupied Arab lands and establishesa home for the Palestinians,

The U.S. Defense Department says the Soviet Union. appears to be continuing tests of its so-called "killer satellites". .

There have been. new talks 'in Vienna on force reductions. . The Polish parliament today. passed legislation giving increased incentives to farmers in a bid to boost food production.

'The Soviets called at Belgrade :for the end of Radio Liberty.

The Spanish government and most of its leading political. opponents have signed an agreement on a common legislative program. The Common Market and Yugoslavia have agreed to start.formal -negotiations on a new trade agreement early next year. .

Three West German terrorists who committed suicide in prison lasts week were buried in Stuttgart today. Indian Prime Minister Desai said in New Delhi today that the Soviet Union has agreed to'a reduction of .its forces in the Indian Ocean. The. French premier is visiting Budapest.. 01:1411Maio

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 258

(A summary. of the news coverage, by the Russian - language programming appears. at the end of.the-DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 258 for Saturday and Sunday, 29 and 30 October 1977 M. Gelischanow

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, TND CULTURPL:

1. Human Rights. RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET .UNION No. 189 (Belotserkovsky, M 6:30) of August 29 compared the repressive campaign in the Soviet Union against dissidents in 1972 with the present one and denied that there is a serious decline in the present activities of the human rights movement. This was also asserted in 1972. After a short quiescent period, an up- surge and expansion in the dissident movement was discerned even though the situation in the beginning of the seventies was more difficult for the dissident movement thah now. For instance, the KGB managed to break two leading activists, Yakir and Krasin, Who publicly denounced their activities, international condemnation of the USSR was not as strong then' asit is now, and no dissident movement as such existed in other East European countries. For these reasons the.present campaign against the dissident movement has even less chance of accomplishing its goals than it had in 1972. Twelve human rights advocates representing three dissident groups in the Soviet Union have become members of the international organization implementing the CSCE Final Act. Georgy Vladimov has replaced Valentin Turchin, who recently emigrated from the Soviet Union, as head of the Soviet section of Amnesty, and Sakharov's announcement that he will take over part of the duties of the somewhat decimated Moscow -Helsinki Watch Group indicate that it may - be premature -to predict an end to the movement. The program noted the TASS statement calling Pnatoly Shcharansky a traitor who "will be punished with all the seve- rity of the Soviet law," and observed that it is a gross breach of Soviet statutes when a person is declared guilty prior to his trial.

SAMIZDAT REVIEW No. 299 (Fedoseyeva, M 28) of October 30 reviewed the events leading to the founding of the Day of the Political Prisoner on 30 October 1974 and the developments during the subsequent three years. On 30 October 1974 a press conference took place in which Andrei Sakharov, Tatyana VeZcanova, Sergei Kovalev, Gregory Podyapolsky and Tatyana Khodorovich announced that prisoners of the Perm, and Mordovian camps had decided to 2

The observe that day as the "Day of the Political Prisoner." con- program used the statements made at that press conference demning the Soviet practice of illegally incarcerating political made prisoners, and subsequent declarations, demands and appeals by Soviet human rights activities.

SPECIAL FEATURE (Henkina and Lyubarsky, M 20) of.October 29 re- featured a telephone interview with Kronid Lyubarsky, who and cently emigrated from the Soviet Union, on the history meaning of the Day of the Political Prisoner in the USSR.

monitoring The types of complaints received by the Soviet CSCE that group in the USSR were discussed by a former member of 9) of group in HELSINKI MONITORING GROUP No. 7 (Alexeyeva, NY be- October 30, which focused on the persecution of religious so many lievers and the freedom of emigration. The group received committee complaints about religious persecution that a separate Believers was formed; the Committee for the Defense of Christian Kapitanchuk. headed by Gleb Yakunin, Deacon Varsonofiy and Viktor Helsinki Final Act, The program noted that after the signing of the of giving court decisions depriving parentbL.of parental rights Helsinki their children religious training became fewer. The emi- Monitoring Group devoted a large effort toward fighting for grievances gration rights, not only in connection with nationality or econo- but pressed for this right if discontent with political of Anatoly mic conditions existed. The program recalled the case for Marchenko who was the first to demand his right to emigrate was political reasons. His attempt proved tragic because he arrested and exiled for four years.

the Soviet The current state of the human rights movement in NY 4:30) Union and East Europe was featured on PANORAMA (Gendler, Times of October 30 which excerpted an article in The New York activities Magazine by Malcolm Brown who observed an ebb in the of the human rights movement.

to feature SPECIAL FEATURE (Kunta, M 24) of October 30 continued and Something, the final installment of Viktor Nekrasov's A Look published in the 13th issue of Kontinent.

29 read LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS No. 1361 (Burshtein, M 27) of October at a press the statements by Tatyana Khodorovich and Malva Landa success conference of 22 June 1977 on the meaning and chances of aiding political and of the'obstacles to the Solzhenitsyn Fund for prisoners prisoners, and an open letter by a group of political to the US Congress and President Carter. - 3 -

RELIGION IN THE MODERN WORLD No. 303 (Rahr and van den Voort, den M 9:30) of October 29 featured an interview with Fedor van Voort,who is Dutch by nationality and -wants to become an Ortho- the dox priest. He-spent three years-in-Leningrad-attending

Ecclesiastical Academy before he was arrested in May of this

year and forced to leave the Soviet Union. Van den Voort discussed the situation of religious believers in the Soviet Union and his impressions of the Leningrad Academy.

2. Soviet -US Relations. tTOR1,15 THIS WEEK No. 375 (Perouansky, at M 3) of October 29 highlighted thepast week's developments charge the Belgrade Conference. The program noted the American accusing the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia of creating ob-

stacles in the working conditions of foreign journalists and

cited concrete examples. Soviet delegate Kondrachev replied ere that measures such as the expulsion of foreign journalists undertaken only when Soviet laws are broken. The program also referred to a Soviet attack on RFE/RL alleging that the radio station is jammed because its activities are subversive and constitute interference in Soviet internal affairs. The Ameri- can delegate Guy Coridan replied that the Soviet leaders want the radio station to cease operating because they broadcast facts unknown to the Soviet citizen such as the arrest and persecution of those wishing to emigrate from the USSR. He also

added that the broadcasts of Radio Moscow contain many negative comments on the United States but that the American government does not jam these broadcasts.

in The prospects for the SALT II negotiations were discussed

PANORAMA (Gendler, NY 5) of October 30 which gave the contents Arms of an article in Fortune by Fred Ikle who headed the US ContrOl and Disarmament Agency for many years.

WEEK 3. USSR-Indian Relations were discussed in WORLD THIS

No. 375 (Shilaeff, NY 3) of October 29 in the light of Prime Minister Desai's recent visit to the Soviet Union. Reference was made to Gromyko's visit to India in April and the Soviet - the Indian agreement on the allocation of credits to India for sum of 250 million rubles. Desai's decision to accept Moscou0-s invitation to come to the USSR is testimony that difficulties

in Indian-Soviet relations have been smoothed out to a great

extent. The program noted that both sides are interested in maintaining good relations with one another -- India because of the substantial Soviet military and economic aid, and the USSR because friendship with India allows the Soviet Union to put pressure on the southern flank of China and provides the USSR with more influence among Third World countries. 4. The Shoi.tage of Records in the USSR was a topic of VITAL PROBLEMS OF THE SOVIET ECONOMY No.91 (Chianurov, M 4) of Octo- ber 30. The program noted that the shortage of clas6ica1 and light music records is due mainly to the fact that there is only one record company "Melodiya" that releases records of good quality. However, "Melodiya" with its limited possibilities, centralized planning and censorship is not in the condition to satisfy the growing demand for records. Obviously, the black market on records, especially Western ones, is flourishing.

5. Problems of the Environment and the Rational Use of Natural Resources in the Soviet Union was discussed in RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. 189 (Matusevich, M 4) of October 29 which highlighted a letter by 18 Estonian scientists sent to their western counterparts describing the dangers of the rapacious exploitation of natural resources. They pointed to the unfor- tunate economic and ecological results of the ill-considered exploitation of shale deposits which are extracted openly and which has transformed the Estonian seacoast into ashes and barren soil, saturatelthe air with dust, smoke and poisonous substances, and polluted the rivers. They consider this a "direct result of the bureaucratic, blind, colonial leadership." The program observed that Moscow should undertake concrete action in solving problems of the environment within the Soviet Union in addition to subscr3bing to international measures.

6. The Police Force. RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION No. 189 (Roitman, M 5:30) of October 29 described the Soviet police force as a capricious and imperious protege of the government and noted the efforts undertaken during the past years to improve its reputation and humanize it in the eyes of the population. This branch of the government is one that the people come into contact with directly, and to 'a large extent embodies the reputation of the Soviet government itself. The program noted that from time to time information in the Soviet press an the scandalous practices of the police force have managed to leak through in spite of the censorship.

7. The Numerical Strength and Distribution of the Soviet Army was featured on SIGNAL No. 442 (Predtechevsky, M 12) of October 30. The Soviet Union has about 4 million people serving in the. armed forces making. up. about 16e divisions. The program noted that about two-,thirds of the Soviet divisions are concentrated in the western. ttilitary districts, of the' SovietUnion and in the East European countries. Military tradition and especially the ability to control and suppress any uprisings in Eastern Europe as well as the possibility of launching a supriSe attack on Western Europe in a crisis situation have prompted the Soviet leaders.to station the bulk of their forces.to the west of the Volga. The new technical imprOvements and general growth of the Soviet armed. forces began in 1965 and continued until 1976. However, the land forces have .been c.dereasing during the last 'six years while.other.branches of.the armed forces, especially aviation, have been increasing, -5-

discussed on RADIO JOURNAL: 8. Slang in the Soviet Economy was M 4) of October 29. This THE SOVIET UNION No. 189 (Kroncher, have become, official termi- slang consists of neologisms which official economic language. nology, and euphemisms in use in the are often cloaked in the For instance, inconvenient phenomena demand" refer to goods official slang; i.e., "goods in great a picturesque example in scarce supply. The prbgram also gave a Soviet enterprise is a of unofficial slang: a "snowdrop" in as workers in a reference to people who are officially listed are performing particular specialty, but who, in reality, who are concealed completely different jobs. These are people under state registration cover.

coin on the occasion of the 9. The New Soviet Coin, a jubilee worth one ruble, and 60th anniversary of the October Revolution Games in Moscow in either a coin dedicated to the 22nd Olympic of DO YOU REMEMBER silver, platinum or gold, were the subjects No. 41 (Pylaev, M 7:30) of October 29.

of the October 10. The Slogans Marking the 10th Anniversary Current 60th Anni- Revolution in 1927 and the Slogans of the YEARS AGO THIS versary were recalled and compared in FIFTY 30. The program WEEK No. 161 (Gendler, NY 13:30) of October the CPSU in 1927 were observed that the slogans of the CC of evident in comparison more dynamic and the fighting spirit more slogans. The program , to the restraint shown by the current column" in Pravda also excerpted passages from the "discussion and members of the of 1927 that gave the Bolshevik-Leninists ideas, on the future of so- old guard a chance to express their on the insistence cialism. This column began to be published their viewpoint was of the opposition, which complained that not known to the broad masses of the party.

on PROBLEMS OF INTER- 11. Soviet -Polish Relations were featured October 30. The program NATIONALISM No. 28 (Silnicky, NY 8:30) of -Polish relations continued to discuss crucial moments in Soviet CP during the war focusing on the reestablishment of the Polish Stalinist purges. after its complete dissolution during the and the Poznan riots Gomulka's relations with Moscow, his removal come -back as First in 1956. The program noted that Gomulka's problems, but Secretary/in 1956 not only did not solve Poland's that would in the future did not institute a national development of the Polish people. create a society corresponding to the wishes of TO HISTORY No. 37 (Levin, M 28:30) 12. History. RETURNING Bolshe- last days in Russia prior to the October 29 recalled the the work of the Provisional Government vik Revolution. Although tad in essence been accomplished. still continued, the revolution helpless againSt the arbitrariness The leaders in the capital were the state of anarchy, mass plunder- of the "Red Guard" forces and army. The program noted that at ing, and demoralization of the needed for the change. In these this point only a last "call" was last days before the revolution Lenin was gaining support for armed revolutionary action from leading members of the Central Committee who had originally opposed it. The program was based on passages from books by people who played an important role in those days and from contemporary newspapers.

13. Literature. The contents of the 13th issue of Kontinent were described in detail in CULTURE, EVENTS PEOPLE (Vishnevs- kaya, M 6) of October' 29.

CULTURE, EVENTS, PEOPLE (Matusevich, M 5) of October 29 discussed a book by Norwegian critic and journalist, Jan Brodal, entitled Russian Quintet, composed of sketches o2 five Russian contemporary prosaists and poets: Andrey, Voznesensky, Yuri Kazakov, Yuli Daniel, Novella Matveyeva and Evgeny Evtushenko, who all work within the framework of the established Soviet system.

The poetry in the 13th issue of Kontinent was featured in CULTURE, EVENTS, PEOPLE (Betaki, P 6) of October 29 which briefly reviewed the works of such poets as Natalya Gorbanevs- kaya, Ilya Rubin, Mikhail Aizenberg and Aleksei Tsvetkov.

14. A Review of Igor'Shafarevich's Book "Socialism as a Pheno- menon of World History" by A. Solzhenitsyn from The Herald of the Russian Christian Movement was read in full in CULTURE, EVENTS, PEOPLE (Matusevich, M 6:30) of October 29.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS CT COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. An Interview with Leading Exiled Czechoslovak Writer Milan Kundera was featured in PANORAMA (Chugunov, L 5:30) of October 30 which gave the substance of the interview in The Guardian.

2. The GDR. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 31 (S. Vardy, M 4) of October 30 discussed the outlook of young people in East Ger- many by giving the substance of articles in Sueddeutsche Zei- tunq and Die Welt and referred to the release of political prisoners from GDR by citing The Baltimore Sun and The Wash- ington *Post.

3. Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia and the Bolshevik Revolution was a topic of EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 31 (S. Vardy, M 6) of October 30. In a discussion on television in honor of the 60th anniversary of the October Revolution, top Yugoslav official Josip Vrhovec stated that the Yugoslav revolution, although inspired by the Bolshevik Revolution, was not a copy the of it, and reminded his listeners that Lenin pointed out necessity and duty of each communist party toe. reach socialism in his own way. This thought was also repeated at a symposium near Dubrovnik. with the theme "Socialism and Political Systems," attended by 70 Marxists from around the world, The program also referred to a Soviet-Yugoslav conference on-conomic and technical collaboration in which Yugoslavia expressed interest

In exporting agricultural goods to the Soviet Union in exchange for crude oil, gas and machinery for the oil industry.

were dis- 4. The Reasons for the Lagging_ Czechoslovak Economy, Octo- cussed in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 31 (O. Vardy, M 4) of exiLl.d ber 30 which gave the contents of an article by leading Czech economist Radoslav Selucky entitled "Economy and Politics." the Selucky is of the opinion that one of the main reasons for alienated low level of the Czech economy is that the workers are from the regime and the goods that they produce.

31 5. Human Rights in Poland. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. signed (S. Vardy, M 3) of October 30 reviewed the "Declaration" in the by 110 members of the human rights movement, published "Declaration" first issue of the Polish samizdat journal Glos. The

analyzed the situation in Poland, blamed the current economic, social, political and moral crisis on a system of government to that was imposed on the country, and appealed to the people protest human rights violations.

6. The Hungarian Economy was discussed in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 31 (S. Vardy, M 1:30) of October 30, which gave some facts from an article in The Chicago Tribune.

Romania 7. The Creation of a National Council of Workers in 1:30) was discussed in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL No. 31 (S. Vardy, M this of October 30. The Romanian press agency announced that

council will play an important role in the economic and social policies of the government, as well as becoming a workers' parliament.

8. China. PEKING AND rrs POLICY No. 442 (Shilaeff, NY 8:30) leader- of October 30 discussed the policy of the present Peking minorities' ship to.continue the standardization of national re- written language into a single phonetic alphabet that would place the hieroglyphic written language. Although the Chinese constitution grants the national minorities the right of free development of their written language, this stipulation has never had any practical meaning. C. .INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC 'IOPICS.:

1; The Sanctions Against South Africa. WORLD THIS WEEK No.. 375 (Bykovsky, NY 2:30). of October 29 noted the demands of African 'nations on South Africa and President Carter's proposal.of-a six-monthlong arms embargo.

The US arms embargo against South Africa was discussed on WORLD THIS WEEK No. 375 (Savemark, W 2) of October 29. The program noted President Carter's statement at a press-conference in which he expressed the hope that South Africa would finally realize that the denial of basic human rights can bring South Africa to total isolation.

. ROUND TABLE TALK No. 325. (Perouansky, Rahr, Roitman.and Predte.,. Chevsky, M 20) of October 30 discussed the sanctions zgainst. South Africa and the situation and prospects for the future development of the' country.

2. . The Aftermath of the Wave of Terror in West Germany. WORLD THIS WEEK No. 375 (Krassovsky, M 3) of October 29 discussed the debates in the Bundestag on measures in the fight against terrorism, the Schleyer funeral, and the funeral of the three terrorists who committed suicide.

ROUND TABLE TALK No. 324 (Rahr, Krassovsky, Roitman and Predte- chevsky, M 20) of October 29 discussed the conditions at Stamm- helm Prison where Baader, Ensslin, and Raspe committed suicide and the question of constitutional rights in West Germany.

3. Developments in France. WORLD THIS WEEK No. 375 (Mirsky, P3) of October 29 reported on Prime Minister Barre's and Foreign Trade Minister Rossi's recent visit to Hungary and the significance given to this visit by France, discussed the kidnapping of two French citizens by the Polisario Liberation Front, and noted the PCF's propaganda campaign in industrial enterprises against the Socialist Party.

4. An Interview with Saudi Arabia's Foreign Minister Prince Saud Al -Faisal on the Middle East Situation was featured on PANORAMA (Zuckerman, NY 5) of October 30 which gave the substance of'the interview in Newsweek.

5. The Discussion in the First Committee of the UNGA on Security Measures in International Civil Aviation was noted in WORLD THIS WEEK No. 375 (Bykovsky, NY 1:30) of October 29. 6. President Carter's Characterization of the SALT II Talks WORLD THIS WEEK as Constructive Collaboration was mentioned on No. 375,(Savemark, W 2) of October 29.

NON-COMMUNIST D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF COUNTRIES: Bio-Architecture 1. The New Trend in Architecture, the So-called (Patrushev, was featured in TOMORROW OF THE PLANET EARTH No. 233 M 10) of October 30.

and 2. The Concept of Freedom of Conscience in Christianity MORALITY Absolute Values in Human Personality were discussed in No.,12 (Shmeman, NY 9) of October 30.

the 3. The Meaning of the Religious Holiday ."The.Entrance.of 'Virgin Mary Into the Temple " was featured in .SUNDAY TALK No. 1071 (Shmeman, NY 9:3.0) of October 29.

gk/SL 10

NEWS COVERAGE

All MT, 73Ds and RIVI\IS carried these stories ih their newscasts of October 29:

A Victnamese airliner has been hijacked to Sincapore. Egyptian President Anwar Sadat is in Romania.

The Arab Ldague and the EEC have ended four days of talks.

!louth Africa has accused the EEC of interferinp in its internal affairs.

Dutch ponce still don't know if the kidnnpping of a Dutch realtor ,:.ns carried out by political extremists.

The U.S. has accused the Soviet Union of trying to blackmo:i3 an American diplomat.

The heads of Poland's Communist Party and Catholic Church have met.. Catholic leaders have appealed for the restoration of religious. freedoms.

1:7-Pilch Premier Raymond Barre has left Budapest. Yugoslav's Premier is home after visits to Poland and Czechoslovakia. NEWS .60VERAGE newscasts of A:11 RVE BDS and RUNS carried these stories in their October 30: to the supreme A croup of leading Soviet dissidents has appealed soviet for an amnesty, for political prisoners. Mideast Anwar.t:,adat and Nicole Ceausescu have discussed the Situation and .Egyptian-Soviet relations. . plan .black Rhodesian leaders say the Anglo-American peace givestoo Ton comminsioner. rany powers to a proposed interim British pressure on A top U.S. official says One-reascim.the U.S. is-putting SouthsAfrica is to avoid any-possi,ble.Soviet intrusion.' .an'Arab: Israel is prepared -to release en archbishop jailed as gunrunner. Israel. There has been a series of short protest strikes in came in A.Soviet dissident has reported a. disturbance at,? soccer..

Lithuania but an official there has said it was not serious. a bomb young man has been killed.in Italy while trying to set outside a Getman auto showroom.

There are still no new developments in the Dutch kidnnppinr. elections. Pakistan's militarTruler has reaffirmed his plans to hold rim ME Wirm

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST'ANALYSIS NO. 259

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 259 for Monday, 31 October. 1977

-J. Vale/D. Teiton

A.- SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet -US Relations. SPECIAL WASHINGTON REPORT NO. 268 (Beloborodov, W 5:30) noted official US concern over the USSR's killer satellite tests which -appear to be geared to attacking US targets. The script pointed to the importance of satellites for early warning and inspection purposes, referred to Carter's appeal to the USSR to refrain from developing space weapons, noted that the US will now be forced to start work on developing combat satellites, and quoted State Department advisor Marshall Shulman that the US has the capacity to build space weapons at least as good as those of the Soviet Union.

NEW YORK REPORT No. 732-77 (Storozhenko, NY 3:30) reported on the demand by USSR Deputy Health Minister Dmitriy Venediktov, during negotiations in Washington on the prolongation of the agreement on cooperation in the sphere of public health, that the US representatives sign a statement condemning US and Western psychiatrists. Venediktov was reported to have been particularly incensed over the Honolulu resolution. US representative Bertram Brown replied that there is no place for politics in a document on purely scientific matters.. Assistant Secretary of State Warren Christopher advised the US delegation not to accede to the Soviet demands. In the end, the Soviet delegation withdrew its demand.

NEW YORK REPORT No. 730-77 (Hendler,. NY 3:30) pointed to a broadening of contacts between the US and Soviet military estab- lishments evidenced by US Army Brig.Gen. John Bart's recent lecture to Soviet officers in Moscow and Leningrad on American amphibious landing tactics. A visit to the US is expected this NOVember by a Major General of the Soviet Army. The script used an.article by The Christian Science Monitor's Moscow correspondent David Willis. 2. Dissidents and Human Rights. NOTE (Roitman, M 7) highlighted the appeal to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet by forty, members of the democratic movement in the Soviet Union including Sakharov, Grigorenko and Vladimarto extend the awaited amnesty in honor of the October Revolution to political prisoners. The program recapitulated previous Soviet amnesties in 1938, 1953, 1967, 1972, and 1975 noting the exclusion of political prisoners from the ranks of those whom the amnesty covered. In the present appeal, reference is also made to the cessation of apartment searches and the placing of political dissidents in psychiatric clinics.

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS No. 1362 (Burshtein, M 27) featured the first installment of a statement by 12 Soviet citizens to the CPSU CC Politburo dated June 29,1977, criticizing the new draft constitution and the conditions of its nationwide discussion.

3. Foreign Policy. Several aspects of Soviet foreign policy were discussed in an article in Ii Tempo excerpted in PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 1:30).

4. Military Affairs. NEW YORK REPORT No. 733-77 (Davydov, NY 3) referred to US intelligence information that the USSR is building a new atomic submarine to be called "Typhoon." Data was given on the strengths of the Soviet and US submarine fleets, and US experts were quoted that the Soviet fleet was numerically superior but technically inferior to the US. Reference was also made to US press reports on the appearance of the new Soviet T-72 tank and two self-propelled howitzers.

5. Agriculture, MAN ON THE EARTH No. 162 (Lobas, NY 4:30) noted that the US Agriculture Department has revised its estimate of this year's Soviet grain harvest down to 205 million tons. The program pointed out that while the Soviet media talks of harvest difficultie! due to exceptionally bad weather conditions, it was Brezhnev himself who one year ago called 'for .a substantial increase in the sow. area without considering whether sufficient machines and manpower were available.

MAN ON THE EARTH No. 162 (Lobas, NY 4:30) observed that although private plots are being vigorously supported in the press, even the new constitution provides no guarantees of their inviolability, merely stating that citizens "may" have them. The program pointed out that a kolkhoz administration can take away a private plot from a farm worker if he takes up employment in industry without permission, or in the case of his death if any member of his family is an adult. A private plot can also be reduced in size virtually without limitation. -.3-

6. Literature. NAUM KORZHAVIN TALKS No. 20 (Korzhavin, NY 800) reviewed Nikolay Yevdokimov's story Passion Square (StraStnaya Ploshchad), about a World War Two hero who uponeturning to civilian life fears authority. The story was published in the sixth issue of the Moscow. journal Nash Sovremennik.

IN THE WORLD OF POETRY No. 31 (Vasiliy Betaki, P 7) discussed the work of Vladimir Lugovskoy, on the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of his death, noting how this talented, passionate poet gradually slid into mediocre conformism.

7. History. The closing of the 22nd Party Congress in 1961 was a topic of WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 3).

8. Emigre Literature. In WEIDLE TALK No. 350 (Weidle, p.9), Russian emigre. writer and art expert Vladimir Weidle continued to tell how he came to write his book The Withering of. Art, - published in Paris in 1935-36..

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Jamming by the Socialist Countries. Criticism from Wilfried Hofmann, a member of the West German delegation to the Belgrade meeting, of the countries of Eastern Europe for jamming foreign radio broadcasts was discussed in PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 2:30), which excerpted articles from the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq and the Sueddeutsche Zeitunq.

2. , Czechoslovak Dissidents. EAST EUROPEAN TESTIMONIES No. 71 (Gorbanevskaya, P 14) featured an interview with Zdenek Mlynar in which he described Charter -77 as an expression of human dignity and a protest against the regime's lies. He said the movement was particularly hard for the regime to deal with because it is not an organized underground movement, is not strictly political and calls for tolerance of other people's opinions.

3. The Spanish CP. NOTE (Henkin, M 5) spoke of signs of a rapprochemant between the CPSU and the Spanish CP, in particular an article by Pravda chief editor Afanasev on his recent visit to Spain, in which he said the 'PCE, after a great and glorious journey, was on the ascendance. The program attributed this praise of a party whose leader had recently called the USSR a non-socialist state to the fact that the USSR wants to use the PCE, whose authority and influence in Spain is growing, as a lev for influencing Spanish policy, and also the USSR would like to preserve a semblance of world proletarian unity on the eve of the October Revolution anniversary. Further, Carrillo also needs Moscov and in a recent interview on Italian TV modified his previous statements on the USSR. The politics of the SpanishCP were discussed in -PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 2) using an article from the. Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitung.

4. Milovan Dlilas' Interview in "Die Welt" was summarized in NOTE (Nadirashvili, M 5), which gave background information on his years in the Yugoslav government hierarchy and his literary activities.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Terrorism. LONDON REPORT (Chugunov, L 4:30) pointed out that while the death penalty has been revoked in the majority of democratic countries out of humanitarian concerns, discussion on the introduction of capital punishment for terrorists has begun in light of recentterrorist episodes. Background was given on the special situations in various countries.

The publication of Schleyer's appeal, recorded on tape when he was hostage, was discussed in BONN REPORT (Krassovsky, M 330). In his appeal, Schleyer reproached the FRG government with in- activity which, he charged, facilitated the success of his kidnappers. The program emphasized the dubious nature of this document, pointing tit that Schleyer could have been under pressure from his kidnappers to make statements he would ordinarily not have made.

2. The Middle East. NEW YORK REPORT No. 283-77 (Dreyer, NY 3) Eiocused on US Treasury Secretary Michael Blumenthal's visit to the Middle East, placing his visits to Egypt and Mnael in the context of the US government's efforts toward reconvening the Geneva Conference, and noting that in his talks in Kuweit, Iran and Saudi Arabia he stressed the danger of a further increase in oil prices. NOTE (Bensi, M 5) said that alhtough Sadat's visit to Romania brought nothing substantially new, it should be seen in the context of Begin's August visit to Bucharest and Romania's contacts with both Agabs and Israelis, which place her at an ad- vantage over the USSR in this respect.

The position of Israel in the Middle East conflict was analyzed in PRESS REVIEW (Henkin, M 2) using an article from The Baltimore Sun.

3:The Israeli Economic Reform was discussed in TEL AVIV REPORT (Perelman, Isr 5) which pointed out that the principal changes have to do with the removal of controls over currency exchanges . Limitations on the import and export of foreign currency as well as those on the saving of such currency in banks were removed. Israeli Minister of Finances, Simha Ehrlich, was quoted on these new measures. -5

4.. The American Economy was discussed in .NEW YORK REPORT No. 727-77 (Zuckerman, NY 4), which.excerpted the speech by Arthur Burns, the chairman of the Federal Reserve. Board,.ciiticiZing Carter's economic policies.

5. The World Food Problem. MAN ON THE EARTH No. 162 (Lobas, NY 4:30) noted the view of the director of a Michigan agricultural research center that within the next quarter of a century the problem of hunger will be abolished.

6. The Convention of the World Jewish Congress was discussed in WASHINGTON REPORT (Orshansky, W 4), which noted that the situation of Jewish communities in the Soviet Union and the countries of Eastern Europe will be among those discussed during the five-day Washington congress.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The Election of a New Head of the Orthodox Church in America was noted in NEW YORK REPORT No. 731-77 (Shilaeff, NY 3:30), which gave background on the Fifth All-American Synod of Orthodox Churches held in Montreal in October.

2. The World Soccer Cup was a topic of WORLD TODAY (Geichman, M 1:301

3. A Feature on Harry Belafonte was included in WORLD TODAY (Berukshtis, M4).

4. The Day of Apostle and Evangelist Luke was a topic of WORLD TODAY (Rahr, M 2. 5. Luther's Proclamation of his "95 Theses" at Wittenberg in 1517 was a topic of WORLD TODAY (Rahr, M 2).

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Henkin, M 8) was featured in 1-3 (Bensi, M 1:30), B-1 (Bensi, M 2:30), B-3 (Bensi, M 2) and C-2 (Henkin, M2).

WORLD TODAY (Rahr, M 59) included compiled first -run programming on the following topics: calls for a political amnesty in the Soviet Union (Roitman, M'4), Blumenthal's trip to the Middle East (Dreyer, NY 1:30), Romanias role in the Middle East conflict (Bensi, M 2), the poet Lugovskoy who died 20 years ago (Betaki, P 3:30), "Fathers and Sons" (Korzhavin, NY 3:30), Spain (Henkin, .M 3), hunger (Lobas, NY 2), the right _of Soviet collective farm workers to private plots (Lobas, NY 1:30), the Soviet harvest (Lobas, NY 3:30), and a reading of A Look and Something (Nekrasov, P 5).

gk/SL - -

H41.;Y:; COVnAGE newscasts of. . 1111PE BDs and RL/N carried these stories in their . October .31: Conference. todp-, 1rench and. Canadian'delegates to the Beli-rtide. the-oviet Union strongly criticized Iuman rights violations. In and Czechoslovakia. resolutions, in "Zile U.S Britain and Prance today vetoed.African ban on economic the U.N..Security,Counoil calling for an obliratory and'military,dealings with !Muth Africa. iddle East 'The U.S. said today it is still trying to reconvene the Peace cQnference in Geneva by, the end of this venr. in V,oscow Communist Party'. leaders from East and West ore gathering

for the October 1.rt3volution anniversary celebrations. -world theory. China today pit forward a strong defense .of its three Carter bns no U.S-. officials have been quoted as sayinft President plans'to meet Leonid Brezhnev when he visits \;nrsaw. British Rhodesian black nationalist leaders have met with the official proposed as an interim administrator. ",:e..Israeli.government has won a confidence vote on its new' ecor.omio

to its The U. fl). says it's dissatisfied over the oviet reslIonSe protest on Floscow's attempt to recruit rin.Americ.,7,n diplomnti are linked Gustav -HuSak says Communist parties are independent but I y common goals.

A:IP:aria has rejected any mediation of the Sabara.conflict.