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Frederick L. Ashworth

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Frederick L. Ashworth Frederick L. Ashworth United States Navy An Autobiography DEDICATION The main purpose for writing this, the story of my life in the naval service, is to give that story to my children, Rick, Dave and Steve, that they may learn why, what for and where Dad was during the thirty odd years of their birth, growing up and moving on to take their places in the world. For this reason I wish to dedicate this work to each of them. However, throughout this lifetime in the service, their Mom was at my side, holding our family together during my many long absences in war, and during long overseas deployments, nurturing, guiding and loving them. She was my able and gracious hostess when it was necessary for us to meet and entertain dignitaries from the Mediterranean to the Orient, speaking French when it was, other than English, the only common language we had. There has been much written about military service wives and the lonely burdens they had to bear. The best that has been written describes her. To a large degree she was responsible for the success that I achieved in the Navy, from Ensign to Vice Admiral. I wish, therefore, also to dedicate this to her memory. Frederick L. Ashworth Vice Admiral U.S. Navy (Ret.) L to R: Rick, our Mom, Dave, Steve Distinguished Service Medal Army Silver Star Legion of Merit star Distinguished It Started With A Question for 2nd medal Flying Cross Bronze Star Medal Defense Department Navy Unit In the early to mid 1980s a contemporary V for Valor Commendation Commendation of Dave’s, upon seeing a photo of Dad in American Defense American Theater Asiatic Pacific uniform, pointed to a ribbon and asked, Ribbon Campaign Medal Campaign Ribbon “What did your Dad do to earn this?” World War II Asiatic Service National Defense Dave’s reluctantly responded, “I really Service Medal Ribbon Ribbon don’t know”. Some time later Dave relayed this conversation to Dad and the process began. We really didn’t know a whole lot about our father and he set about to rectify the problem. The first attempt was what we are calling his “memoirs”......Dad often referred to this effort as his “bazzoo”. He managed to get through the Nagasaki chapter, but it stopped there. About that time the United States Naval Institute, which had been compiling the oral histories of distinguished naval personnel asked Dad to sit for an interview. For reasons that are not important here, the oral history project stalled, but Dad did not give up. He paid for the interview tapes to be transcribed and began the daunting task of editing the transcribed text. We kept waiting and Dad kept working between his many other projects, but progress was slow. Finally, a little more than a year ago and being settled in retirement myself, I asked Dad if I could take on the project of editing and compiling what we are now calling his autobiography. With lightning speed, he agreed. Here is the end result. It was a daunting task indeed with computer crashes, software failures and untold hours of frustration. I has been a monumental task, but truly a labor of love and one of which I am very proud and honored to have been trusted to complete. As monumental a task as it was for me, it pales when compared to the incredible mental acuity required to recall this history. It also pales when compared to the skill and background knowledge demonstrated by Paul Stillwell in the conduct of the interview. All in all, I think it is a completed project of which we can all be very proud. May 2001 Frederick L. Ashworth, Jr, TABLE OF CONTENTS Dedication The Question Significant Dates and Events Foreword Chapter 1 The Early Years 1-23 Chapter 2 United States Naval Academy 24-44 Chapter 3 Introspection 45-50 Chapter 4 U.S.S. West Virginia, BB-48, Pacific Fleet 51-65 Chapter 5 Flight Training 66-76 Chapter 6 Scouting Squadron Two/Three (VS-2/VS-3), Pacific Fleet 77-88 Chapter 7 Utility Squadron One (VJ-1), Pacific Fleet 89-94 Chapter 8 Postgraduate School, United States Naval Academy 95-102 Chapter 9 To War, Torpedo Squadron Eleven (VT-11), Pacific Fleet 103-125 Chapter 10 Central Pacific Amphibious Force, Pacific Fleet 126-140 Chapter 11 Manhattan Project 141-162 Chapter 12 Manhattan Project - Nagasaki Attack 163-208 Chapter 13 Nagasaki Mission - A Critique 209-216 Chapter 14 Post-War Washington 217-238 Chapter 15 Composite Squadron Five (VC-5) 239-254 Composite Squadron Six (VC-6) Chapter 16 U.S.S. Midway, CVB-41, Atlantic Fleet 255-265 Chapter 17 Atomic Energy Commission 266-277 Chapter 18 U.S.S. Corson, AVP-37, Pacific Fleet 278-291 Chapter 19 Naval Ordnance Test Center, China Lake, California 292-308 Chapter 20 U.S.S. Franklin D. Roosevelt, CVA-42, Atlantic Fleet 309-327 Chapter 21 U.S. Naval Academy - Short Tour 328-341 Office of Chief Of Naval Operations, Atomic Energy Commission Chapter 22 Antisubmarine Warfare - Carrier Division 18, Atlantic Fleet 342-352 Chapter 23 Bureau of Naval Weapons, Washington, D.C. 353-372 Chapter 24 Attack Carrier Division One (CarDiv 1), Pacific Fleet 373-383 Chapter 25 U.S. European Command, Paris, France 384-392 Chapter 26 United States Sixth Fleet, Mediterranean 393-427 Chapter 27 U.S. Atlantic Fleet, Norfolk, Virginia 428-439 Chapter 28 Retirement 440-458 Chapter 29 The Final Chapter 459-460 Frederick Lincoln Ashworth January 24, 1912 - December 3, 2005 Appendix A Congressional Record, February 24, 1966 461-462 Appendix B Letter from Wenham Historical Association 463 re: Minnie E. Ashworth Appendix C Speech - Dedication of “The Duke of Albuquerque” 464-468 Appendix D History of Project A by N.F. Ramsey 469-483 Appendix E Navy Day Speech “The Watch That Never Ends” 484-487 Appendix F Nagasaki Attack Strike Reports 488-492 Index FREDERICK L. ASHWORTH United States Navy An Autobiography SIGNIFICANT DATES AND EVENTS January 24, 1912 Born, Beverly, Massachusetts Fred and Minnie (nee Parker) Ashworth June 1928 Graduated Beverly High School, Beverly, Massachusetts September 1928 - Attended Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire June 1929 August 1929 - United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland June 1933 Graduated 135th in class Commissioned, Ensign, U.S. Navy June 1933 - U.S.S. West Virginia, BB-48, Pacific Fleet June 1935 Division Officer, Assistant Navigator June 14, 1935 Married Nathalie Louise Bliss, Peabody, Massachusetts June 1935 - Pensacola Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Florida July 1936 Flight Training, Designated Naval Aviator #4249 August 1936 - Scouting Squadron Two/Three (VS-2/VS-3), Pacific Fleet June 1937 Assistant Navigator June 1937 - Utility Squadron One (VJ-1), Pacific Fleet July 1939 Fleet Air Photographic Officer July 1939 - Naval Postgraduate School, U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, June 1942 Maryland Aviation Ordnance Engineering February 10, 1941 First son born, Frederick Lincoln Ashworth, Jr. December 7, 1941 Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Bureau of Ordnance, Navy Department, Washington, D.C. June 1942 - Torpedo Squadron Eleven (VT-11), Pacific Fleet August 1943 Commanding Officer Significant Dates and Events May 6, 1943 Second son born, David Bliss Ashworth September 1943 - Central Pacific Amphibious Force, Pacific Fleet May 1944 Staff Aviation Officer June 1944 - Naval Proving Ground, Dahlgren, Virginia November 1944 Senior Naval Aviator November 1944 - Manhattan Atom Bomb Project, Los Alamos, New Mexico September 1945 Assistant for Head of Engineering, Los Alamos Project ALBERTA, Tinian Island August 9, 1945 Atom bomb attack on Nagasaki, Japan Weaponeer in crew of B-29 BocksCar for attack on Nagasaki September 1945 - Pentagon, Washington, D.C. July 1946 Staff, Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Special Weapons) Chief of Staff to Technical Deputy Commander, Operation Crossroads December 1946 - Office of Secretary of Defense, Washington, D.C. August 1948 Secretary, Military Liaison Committee to the Atomic Energy Commission and the Atomic Energy Committee of the Research and Development Board October 17, 1947 Third son born, Stephen Wilson Ashworth September 1948 - Naval Air Station, Moffett Field, Mountain View, California January 1950 Composite Squadron Five (VC-5) Executive Officer January 1950 - Naval Air Station, Patuxent River, Maryland December 1950 Composite Squadron Six (VC-6) Commanding Officer January 1951 - U.S.S. Midway, CVB-41, Norfolk, Virginia, Atlantic Fleet December 1951 Executive Officer January 1952 - Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D.C. May 1954 Staff, Division of Military Applications June 1954 - U.S.S. Corson, AVP-37, Alameda, California, Pacific Fleet June 1955 Commanding Officer Significant Dates and Events June 1955 - Naval Ordnance Test Station, China Lake, California October 1957 Commanding Officer October 1957 - U.S.S. Franklin D. Roosevelt, CVA-42, Mayport, Florida, July 1958 Atlantic Fleet Commanding Officer August 1958 - U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland September 1958 Commandant of Midshipmen August 1958 Selected for promotion to rank of Rear Admiral September 1958 - Pentagon, Washington, D.C. June 1960 Chief, Atomic Energy Division, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations June 1960 - Antisubmarine Carrier Division Eighteen, Atlantic Fleet January 1961 Commander February 1961 - Bureau of Naval Weapons, Washington, D.C. May 1963 Assistant Chief, Research and Development June 1963 - Attack Carrier Division One (CARDIV 1), Pacific Fleet February 1964 Commander March 1964 - U.S. European Command, Paris, France May 1966 Deputy Chief of Staff May 1966 Promoted to the rank of Vice Admiral May 1966 - United States Sixth Fleet, Mediterranean April 1967 Commander May 1967 - U.S. Atlantic Fleet, Norfolk, Virginia September 1968 Deputy Commander in Chief and Chief of Staff September 1968 Retired in the rank of Vice Admiral, U.S. Navy September 1968 Retired to Mercer Island, Washington August 1972 Moved to Santa Fe, New Mexico Significant Dates and Events March 2, 1990 Santa Fe, New Mexico, Frederick L.
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