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MEDICO-Chirturgical Transzsacrtions MEDICO-CHIRtURGICAL TRANszSACrTIONS. \Y\ R-A Ry PUBLISHED BY S.G.O. THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. VOLUME THE SEVENTY-SECOND. (SECOND SERIES, VOLUME THE FIFTY-FOURTH.) LONDON: LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO., PATERNOSTER ROW. 1889. Issued from the Society's House at 53, Berners Street, W. October, 1889. PRINTED EY ADLARD AND SON, BARTHOLOMBW CLOSE. RZOYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. PATRON. THE QUEEN. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL., ELECTED MARCH 1, 1889. VtrrsibuRnt. SIR EDWARD HENRY SIEVEKING, M.D. ROBERT BARNES, M.D. OCTAVIUS STURGES, M.D. VICE-PRESIDENTS. WILLIAM MORRANT BAKER. CHRISTOPHER HEATH. t CHARLES JOHN HARE, M.D. HON. TREASURERS. JOHN ASHTON BOSTOCK, C.B. ( FREDERICK TAYLOR, M.D. HON. SECRETARiES. J. WARRINGTON HAWTARD. SAMUEL JONES GEE, M.D. HON. LIBRARIANS.NB JOHN WHITAKER HULKE, F.R.S. r T. LAUDER BRUNTON, M.D., F.R.S. J. HUGHLINGS JACKSON, M.D., F.R.S. WILLIAM MILLER ORD, M.D. ARTHUR JULIUS POLLOCK, M.D. OTHER MEMBERS OF CHARLES HENRY RALFE, M.D. COUNCIL. HOWARD MARSH. HENRY MORRIS. ROBERT WILLIAM PARKER. EDWARD TEGART. L WILLIAM JOlINSON WALSHAM. RESIDENT LIBRARIAN. J. Y. W. MAC ALISTER, F.S.A. FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY APPOINTED BY THE COUNCIL AS REFEREES OF PAPERS. FOR THE SESSION OF 1889.90. BASTIAN, HENRY CHARLTON, M.D., F.R.S. BROADBENT, WILLIAM HENRY, M.D. BRUCE, JOHN MITCHELL, M.D. BUZZARD, THOMAS, M.D. CROFT, JOHN. CURNOW, JOHN, M.D. DUCKWORTH, SIR DYCE, M.D. DUNCAN, JAS. MATTHEWS, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S. ERICHSEN, JOHN ERIC, LL.D., F.R.S. FENWICK, SAMUEL, M.D. GALABIN, ALFRED LEWIS, M.D. GANT, FREDERICK JAMES GERVIS, HENRY, M.D. GODLEE, RICKMAN JOHN, M.S. GOWERS, WILLIAM RICHARD, M.D., F.R.S. HARLEY, JOHN, M.D. HEWITT, GRAILY, M.D. HILL, M. BERKELEY. HOWSE, HENRY GREENWAY. HUTCHINSON, JONATHAN, F.R.S. LANGTON, JOHN MACCORMAC, SIR WILLIAM. MACNAMARA, CHARLES. MOORE, NORMAN, M.D. PAGE, HERBERT WILLIAM, M.A., M.C. PAYNE, JOSEPH FRANK, M.D. POORE, GEORGE VIVIAN, M.D. RINGER, SIDNEY, M.D., F.R.S. SANSOM, ARTHUR ERNEST, M.D. SCHAFER, EDWARD ALBERT, F.R.S. SUTTON, HENRY GAWEN, M.D. WHITE, WILLIAM HALE, M.D. WILLETT, ALFRED. WILLIAMS, C. THEODORE, M.D. WILLIAMS, JOHN, M.D. WOOD, JOHN, F.R.S. TRUSTEES OF THE SOCIETY. SIR ANDREW CLARK, BART., M.D., LL.D., F.R.S. WALTER BUTLER CHEADLE, M.D. CHRISTOPHER HEATH. TRUSTEES OF THE MARSHALL HALL MEMORIAL FUND. WALTER BUTLER CHEADLE, M.D. WILLIAM OGLE, M.D. THOMAS SMITH. LIBRARY COMMITTEE FOR THE SESSION OF 1888-89. JOHN MITCHELL BRUCE, M.D. JOHN CAVAFY, M.D. FRANCIS HENRY CHAMPNEYS, M.A., M.B. JOSEPH FRANK PAYNE, M.D. PHILIP HENRY PYE-SMITH, M.D., F.R.S. WILLIAM WATSON CHEYNE. JOHN LANGTON. CHARLES MACNAMARA.. HERBERT WILLIAM PAGE. JOHN KNOWSLEY THORNTON. FREDERICK TAYLOR, M.D. lion.HSecs. J WARRINGTON HAWARD. ion. Libs. SAMUEL JONES GEE, M.D. (JOHN WHITAKER HULKE, F.R.S. SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE. Appointed to investigate the Medical Climatology and Balneology of Great Britain and Ireland. WILLIAM MILLER ORD, M.D., Chairman. ARCHIBALD EDWARD GARROD, M.A., M.D., Secretary. EDWARD BALLARD, M.D., F.R.S. JOHN MITCHELL BRUCE, M.D. WALTER BUTLER CHEADLE, M.D. WILLIAM HOWSHIP DICKINSON, M.D. WILLIAM EWART, M.D. MALCOLM ALEXANDER MORRIS. WILLIAM MURRELL, M.D. FREDERICK TAYLOR, M.D. EDMUND SYMES THOMPSON, M.D. FREDERICK TREVES. HERMANN WEBER, M.D. A LIST OF THE PRESIDENTS OF THE SOCIETY FROM ITS FORMATION. ELECTED 1805. WILLIAM SAUNDERS, M.D. 1808. MATTHEW J3AILLIE, M.D. 1810. SIR HENRY HALFORD, BART., M.D., G.C.H. 1813. SIR GILBERT BLANE, BART., M.D. 1815. HENRY CLINE, 1817. WILLIAM BABINGTON, M.D. 1819. SIR ASTLEY PASTON COOPER, BART., K.C.H., D.C.]. 1821. JOHN COOKE, M.D. 1823. JOHN ABERNETHY. 1825. GEORGE BIRKBECK, M.D. 1827. BENJAMIN TRAVERS. 1829. PETER MARK ROGET, M.D. 1831. SIR WILLIAM LAWRENCE, BART. 1833. JOHN ELLIOTSON, M.D. 1835. HENRY EARLE. 1837. RICHARD BRIGHT, M.D., D.C.L. 1839. SIR BENJAMIN COLLINS BRODIE, BART., D.C.L 1841. ROBERT WILLIAMS, M.D. 1843. EDWARD STANLEY. 1845. WILLIAM FREDERICK CHAMBERS, M.D., K.C.H. 1847. JAMES MONCRIEFF ARNOTT. 1849. THOMAS ADDISON, M.D. 1851. JOSEPH HODGSON. 1853. JAMES COPLAND, M.D. 1855. CAESAR HENRY HAWKINS. 1857. SIR CHARLES LOCOCK, BART., M.D. 1859. FREDERIC CARPENTER SKEY. 1861. BENJAMIN GUY BABINGTON, M.D. 1863. RICHARD PARTRIDGE. 1865. SIR JAMES ALDERSON, M.D., D.C.L. 1867. SAMUEL SOLLY. 1869. SIR GEORGE BURROWS, BART., M.D., D.C.L. 1871. THOMAS BLIZARD CURLING. 1873. CHARLES JAMES BLASIUS WILLIAMS, M.D. 1875. SIR JAMES PAGET, BART., D.C.L., LL.D. 1877. CHARLES WEST. M.D. 1879. JOHN ERIC ERICHSEN. 1881. ANDREW WHYTE BARCLAY, M.D. 1882. JOHN MARSHALL. 1884. GEORGE JOHNSON, M.D. 1886. GEORGE DAVID POLLOCK. 1888. SIR EDWARD HENRY SIEVEKING, M.D., LL.D. HONORARY FELLOWS. (Limited to Twelve.) Elected 1847 CHADWICK, SIR EDWIN, K.C.B., Corresponding Member of the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences of the Institute of France; Park Cottage, East Sheen. 1887 FLOWER, WILLIAM HENRY, C.B., LL.D., F.R.S., Director of the Natural History Department, British Museum, Cromwell road. 1887 FOSTER, MICHAEL, LL.D., F.R.S., Professor of Physiology in- the University of Cambridge. 1883 FRANKLAND, EDWARD, M.D., D.C.L., Ph.D., F.R.S., Cor- responding Member of the French Iiistitute; The Yews, Reigate Hill, Reigate. 1868 HOOKER, SIR JOSEPH DALTON, C.B., M.D., K.C.S.I., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., Member of the Senate of the University of London, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Institute of France; The Camp, Sunningdale. 1868 HUXLEY, THOMAS HENRY, LL.D., D.C.L., F.R.S., late Professor of Natural History in the Royal School of Mines; Corresponding Member of the Academies of Sciences of St. Petersburg, Berlin, Dresden, &c.; 4, Marlborough place, St. John's wood. 1878 LuBBOCK, SiR JOHN, Bart., M.P., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., High Elms, Hayes, Kent. 1847 OWEN, SIR RICHARD, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., late Superintendent of the Natural History Departments in the British Museum; Foreign Associate of the Academy of Sciences of the Institute of France; Sheen Lodge, East Sheen, Mortlake. V111 FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY. Elected 1883 PARKER, WILLIAM KITCHEN, F.R.S., Crowland, Trinity road, Upper Tooting. 1873 STOKES, SiR GEORGE GABRIEL, Bart., M.A., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., M.P., Lucasian Professor of Mathematics in the University of Cambridge; President of the Royal Society; Lensfield Cottage, Cambridge. 1887 TURNER, SIR WILLIAM, LL.D., D.C.L., F.R.S., Professor of Anatomy in the University of Edinburgh. 1868 TYNDALL, JOHN, D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., Honorary Professor of Natural Philosophy in the Royal Institution; Cor- responding Member of the Academies and Societies of Sciences of Gottingen, Haarlem, Geneva, &c.; Hind Head Houise, Slotter Mill, near Petersfield. FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY ix FOREIGN HONORARY FELLOWS. (Limited to Twenty.) Elected 1878 BACCELLI, GUIDO, M.D., Professor of Medicine at Rome. 1883 BIGELOW, HENRY J., M.D., Professor of Surgery at Harvard UJniversity, and Surgeon to the Massachusetts General Hospital. 1887 BILLINGS, JOHN S., M.D., D.C.L. Oxon., Surgeon U.S.Army; Librarian, Surgeon-General's Office, Washington. 1876 BILLROTH, THEODOR, M.D., Professor of Surgery in the University of Vienna; 20, Alger Strasse, Vienna. 1883 CHARCOT, J. M., M.D., Physician to the Hopital de la Salp6- triere, and Professor at the Faculty of Medicine of Paris; Member of the Academy of Medicine; Quai Malaquais 17, Paris. 1883 DuBois REYMOND, EMIL, M.D., Professor in Berlin; N. W. Neue Wilhelmstrasse 15, Berlin. 1887 ESMARCH, FRIEDRICH, M.12., Professor of Surgery in the University of Kiel. 1866 HANNOVER, ADOLPH, M.D., Professor at Copenihagen. 1873 VON HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN LUDWIG FERDINAND, Professor of Physics and Physiological Optics; Berlin. 1873 HOFMANN, A. W., LL.D., Ph.D., Professor of Chemistry Berlin. 1868 K6LLIKER, ALBERT, Professor of Anatomy in the University of Wurzburg. x FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY. Elected 1868 LARREY, HIPPOLYTE BARON, Member of the Institute of France ; Inspector of the " Service de Santd Militaire," and Member of the "Conseil de Santd des Armees ;" Commander of the Legion of Honour, &c. ; Rue de Lille, 91, Paris. 1883 PASTEUR, Louis, LL.D., Member of the Institute of France (Academy of Sciences). 1878 SCANZONI, FR1EDREICH WILHELM VON, Royal Bavarian Privy Councillor; Professor of Midwifery in the University of Wiirzburg. 1856 VIRCHOW, RUDOLPH, M.D., LL.D., Professor of Pathological Anatomy in the University of Berlin; Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Institute of France; 10, Schellingstrasse, Berlin. 1887 VON VOLKMANN, RICHARD, Professor in Halle. FELLOWS OP THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. EXPLANATION OF THE ABBREVIATIONS. P.-President. V.P.-Vice-President. T.-Treasurer. S.-Secretary. L.-Librarian. C.-Member of Council. rhe figures succeeding the words Trans. and Pro. show the number of Papers which have been contributed to the Transactions or Proceedings by the Fellow to whose name thev are annexed. Referee, Sci. Com., and Lib. Com., with the dates of office, are attached to the names of those who have served on the Committees of the Society. SEPTEMBER, 1889. Those marked thus (t) have paid the Composition Fee in lieu of further annual subscriptions. Amongst the non-residents those marked thus (*) are entitled by composition to receive the Transactions.
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